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author | Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org> |
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date | Fri, 23 Dec 2005 15:45:07 +0000 |
parents | dc9bd6dd0d8d |
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ttn 2004-05-09 The exit value of a program returning to the shell on unixoid systems is typically 0 for success, and non-0 (such as 1) for failure. For vms it is odd (1,3,5...) for success, even (0,2,4...) for failure. This holds from the point of view of the "shell" (in quotes because vms has a different dispatch model that is not explained further here). From the point of view of the program, nowadays stdlib.h on both type of systems provides macros `EXIT_SUCCESS' and `EXIT_FAILURE' that should DTRT. NB: The numerical values of these macros DO NOT need to fulfill the the exit value requirements outlined in the first paragraph! That is the job of the `exit' function. Thus, this kind of construct shows misunderstanding: #ifdef VMS exit (1); #else exit (0); #endif Values aside from EXIT_SUCCESS and EXIT_FAILURE are tricky. ttn 2004-05-12 Values aside from EXIT_SUCCESS and EXIT_FAILURE can be used to indicate finer gradations of failure. If this is the only information available to the caller, clamping such values to EXIT_FAILURE loses information. If there are other ways to indicate the problem to the caller (such as a message to stderr) it may be ok to clamp. In all cases, it is the relationship between the program and its caller that must be examined. [Insert ZAMM quote here.]