-*- text -*-How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP. Last updated 1999-01-20* Please send improvements to this file to gnu@gnu.org.* No WarrantiesWe distribute software in the hope that it will be useful, but withoutany warranty. No author or distributor of this software acceptsresponsibility to anyone for the consequences of using it or forwhether it serves any particular purpose or works at all, unless hesays so in writing. This is exactly the same warranty that the proprietarysoftware companies offer: None. If the distribution is incomplete or themedia fails, you can always download a replacement from any of the GNUmirrors, free of charge.* UpdatesYou can always find the most recent version of this list of GNU FTP sites at http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html* How to FTPUse the ftp program on your system (ask locally if you can't find it)to connect to the host you are ftping from. Unless indicatedotherwise, login in as user "anonymous", with password: "your e-mailaddress" and set "binary" mode (to transfer all eight bits in eachbyte).ALWAYS USE BINARY/IMAGE MODE TO TRANSFER THESE FILES!Text mode does not work for tar files or compressed files.* GNU Software and How To FTP ItGNU software is available on ftp.gnu.org under the directory /gnu.diff files to convert between versions exist for some of theseprograms. Some programs have misc support files as well. Have a lookon ftp.gnu.org to see which ones. In most cases, the tar or difffiles are compressed with the `gzip' program; this is indicated withthe .gz suffix. Binaries for gzip can be downloaded fromhttp://www.gzip.org.Descriptions of GNU software are available at http://www.gnu.org/software/software.html and in the Free Software Directory at http://www.gnu.org/directory/index.html* Alternative Internet FTP SourcesThe canonical GNU ftp site is located at ftp.gnu.org/gnu.You should probably use one of the many mirrors of that site - themirrors will be less busy, and you can find one closer to your site.* GNU FTP Site Mirror ListUnited States:California - mirrors.kernel.org/gnu, http://mirrors.kernel.org/gnuCalifornia - gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/GNU/California - ftp.keystealth.org/pub/gnu/Illinois - uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu/pub/ftp/ftp.gnu.org/gnu/Indiana - ftp.in-span.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.gnu.org/Kentucky - gnu.ms.uky.edu/pub/mirrors/gnu/Maryland - ftp.digex.net/pub/gnu/Massachusetts - aeneas.mit.edu/pub/gnu/Michigan - ftp.egr.msu.edu/pub/gnu/, http://ftp.egr.msu.edu/pub/gnu/Michigan - ftp.wayne.edu/gnu_mirror/Missouri - wuarchive.wustl.edu/systems/gnu/New Jersey - gnu.teleglobe.net/ftp.gnu.org/New York - ftp.cs.columbia.edu/archives/gnu/prep/New York - ftp.ece.cornell.edu/pub/mirrors/gnu/North Carolina - http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/gnu/Ohio - ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu/mirror/gnu/Pennsylvania - boron.club.cc.cmu.edu/gnu/Tennessee - sunsite.utk.edu/pub/gnu/ftp/, thales.memphis.edu/pub/gnu/Washington - ftp.nodomainname.net/pub/mirrors/gnu/, gnu.wwc.edu/Wisconsin - ftp.twtelecom.net/pub/GNU/Africa:South Africa - ftp.sun.ac.za/mirrorsites/ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnuThe Americas:Brazil - ftp.unicamp.br/pub/gnu/Brazil - master.softaplic.com.br/pub/gnu/Brazil - ftp.matrix.com.br/pub/gnu/Canada - ftp.cs.ubc.ca/mirror2/gnu/Chile - ftp.inf.utfsm.cl/pub/gnu/Costa Rica - sunsite.ulatina.ac.cr/Mirrors/GNU/Mexico - www.gnu.unam.mx/pub/gnu/software/Mexico - gnu.cem.itesm.mx/pub/mirrors/gnu.org/Mexico - ftp.azc.uam.mx/mirrors/gnu/Australia:Australia - mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/gnu/Australia - gnu.mirror.pacific.net.au/gnu/Asia:China - ftp.sea9.com/pub/gnu/China - ftp.cs.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/gnu/gnu/China - sunsite.ust.hk/pub/gnu/China - ftp.shellhung.org/pub/gnu/India - ftp.kernel.org.in/gnu.org/India - http://kernel.org.in/mirrors/gnu.org/India - www.imtech.res.in/mirror/gnuftp/Indonesia - sapi.vlsm.org/gnuIndonesia - http://sapi.vlsm.org/gnu/Israel - ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/mirror/GNUJapan - tron.um.u-tokyo.ac.jp/pub/GNU/prep/Japan - core.ring.gr.jp/pub/GNU/Japan - ftp.ring.gr.jp/pub/GNU/Japan - mirrors.hbi.co.jp/gnu/Japan - ftp.ayamura.org/pub/gnu/Korea - cair-archive.kaist.ac.kr/pub/gnu/ (Internet address 143.248.186.3)Korea - ftpmirror.hanyang.ac.kr/GNU/Korea - ftp.linux.sarang.net/mirror/gnu/gnu/ (also mirrors alpha.gnu.org/gnu/ at ../alpha/)Korea - ftp.xgate.co.kr/pub/mirror/gnu/Saudi Arabia - ftp.isu.net.sa/pub/gnu/Taiwan - ftp.nctu.edu.tw/UNIX/gnu/, coda.nctu.edu.tw/UNIX/gnu/Taiwan - ftp1.sinica.edu.tw/pub3/GNU/gnu/Thailand - ftp.nectec.or.th/pub/mirrors/gnu/Europe:Austria - ftp.gnu.vbs.at/Austria - ftp.univie.ac.at/packages/gnu/Austria - gd.tuwien.ac.at/gnu/gnusrc/Austria - http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/gnu/gnusrc/Czech Republic - ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/gnu/Denmark - ftp.denet.dk/mirror/ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnuDenmark - ftp.dkuug.dk/pub/gnu/Denmark - sunsite.dk/mirrors/gnu, http://mirrors.sunsite.dk/gnuFinland - ftp.funet.fi/pub/gnu/prep/France - ftp.irisa.fr/pub/gnu/France - ftp.medasys-digital-systems.fr/pub/gnu/France - ftp.cs.univ-paris8.fr/mirrors/ftp.gnu.org/Germany - ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de/pub/gnu/Germany - ftp.fh-worms.de/pub/mirror/ftp.gnu.org/Germany - ftp.leo.org/pub/comp/os/unix/gnu/Germany - ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/gnu/Germany - ftp.de.uu.net/pub/gnu/Germany - ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.gnu.org/gnu/Germany - ftp.cs.uni-bonn.de/pub/gnu/Germany - ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/ftp.gnu.org/Germany - http://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/ftp.gnu.org/Germany - ftp.stw-bonn.de/pub/mirror/ftp.gnu.org/Greece - ftp.forthnet.gr/pub/gnu/Greece - ftp.ntua.gr/pub/gnu/Greece - ftp.duth.gr/pub/gnu/Greece - ftp.physics.auth.gr/pub/gnu/Ireland - ftp.esat.net/pub/gnu/ (Internet address 193.120.14.241)Italy - ftp.oasi.gpa.it/pub/gnu/Italy - ftp.lugroma2.org/pub/gnu/Netherlands - ftp.nluug.nl/pub/gnu/Netherlands - ftp.mirror.nl/pub/mirror/gnu/Netherlands - ftp.nl.uu.net/pub/gnu/Netherlands - mirror.widexs.nl/pub/gnu/Norway - ftp.gnu.no/Poland - sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/gnu/Portugal - ftp.ist.utl.pt/pub/GNU/gnu/Romania - ftp.timisoara.roedu.net/mirrors/ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnuRussia - ftp.chg.ru/pub/gnu/Slovenia - ftp.arnes.si/software/gnu/Spain - ftp.etsimo.uniovi.es/pub/gnu/Spain - ftp.rediris.es/pub/gnu/Sweden - ftp.isy.liu.se/pub/gnu/Sweden - ftp.stacken.kth.se/pub/gnu/Sweden - ftp.sunet.se/pub/gnu/; also mirrors /non-gnuSweden - ftp.chl.chalmers.se/pub/gnu/Switzerland - sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/gnu/Ukraine - mirddin.farlep.net/pub/GNU/United Kingdom - ftp.mcc.ac.uk/pub/gnu/United Kingdom - ftp.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/United Kingdom - ftp.warwick.ac.uk/pub/gnu/ (Internet address 137.205.192.13)United Kingdom - ftp.hands.com/ftp.gnu.org/United Kingdom - gnu.teleglobe.net/ftp.gnu.org/* How to FTP GNU EmacsEmacs is in the directory /gnu/emacs on ftp.gnu.org. The emacsdistribution itself has a filename in the form emacs-M.N.tar.gz, whereM and N stand for the version numbers; the Emacs Lisp Reference Manualis in a separate file, named elisp-manual-NN.tar.gz.* Scheme and How to FTP ItThe latest distribution version of C Scheme is available via anonymous FTPfrom swiss-ftp.ai.mit.edu in /pub/scheme-X.X/ (where X.X is some versionnumber).Read the files INSTALL and README in the top level C Scheme directory.* TeX and How to Obtain ItWe don't distribute TeX now, but it is free software.TeX is a document formatter that is used, among other things, by the FSFfor all its documentation. You will need it if you want to make printedmanuals.TeX is freely redistributable. You can get it by ftp, tape, or CD/ROM.** For FTP instructions, retrieve the fileftp.cs.umb.edu/pub/tex/unixtex.ftp. (We don't include it here because itchanges relatively frequently. Sorry.)** A minimal TeX collection (enough to process Texinfo files, anyway)is included on the GNU source CD-ROM. See the file ORDERS in thisdirectory for more information.* GNU Software for VMS - http://www.lp.se/gnu-vms/- lots of GNU ports to VMS,including Emacs 19, GCC, Bison, Make, RCS.* If You Like The SoftwareIf you like the software developed and distributed by the FreeSoftware Foundation, please express your satisfaction with a donation.Your donations will help to support the Foundation and make our futureefforts successful. The Foundation continues to improve GNU programsand encourage the writing of new free software to enhance GNU/Linuxand GNU/Hurd systems. For more information on GNU and the Foundation,see our web site at http://www.gnu.org.Ordering a GNU Source Code CD-ROM or Source Code CD-ROM Subscriptionis a good way for your organization to help support our work. You canalso purchase printed manuals, reference cards, t-shirts, and otheritems. See our online ordering form at http://order.fsf.org fordetails.