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author | Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org> |
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date | Mon, 01 May 2006 03:28:50 +0000 |
parents | dc2d5a6655a3 |
children | 2bce43489a02 c5406394f567 |
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@c This is part of the Emacs manual. @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2002, 2003, @c 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. @node M-x, Help, Minibuffer, Top @chapter Running Commands by Name Every Emacs command has a name that you can use to run it. Commands that are used often, or that must be quick to type, are also bound to keys---short sequences of characters---for convenient use. You can run them by typing the keys, or run them by name if you don't remember the keys. Other Emacs commands that do not need to be quick are not bound to keys; the only way to run them is by name. @xref{Key Bindings}, for the description of how to bind commands to keys. By convention, a command name consists of one or more words, separated by hyphens; for example, @code{auto-fill-mode} or @code{manual-entry}. The use of English words makes the command name easier to remember than a key made up of obscure characters, even though it is more characters to type. @kindex M-x The way to run a command by name is to start with @kbd{M-x}, type the command name, and finish it with @key{RET}. @kbd{M-x} uses the minibuffer to read the command name. @key{RET} exits the minibuffer and runs the command. The string @samp{M-x} appears at the beginning of the minibuffer as a @dfn{prompt} to remind you to enter the name of a command to be run. @xref{Minibuffer}, for full information on the features of the minibuffer. You can use completion to enter the command name. For example, you can invoke the command @code{forward-char} by name by typing either @example M-x forward-char @key{RET} @end example @noindent or @example M-x forw @key{TAB} c @key{RET} @end example @noindent Note that @code{forward-char} is the same command that you invoke with the key @kbd{C-f}. You can run any Emacs command by name using @kbd{M-x}, whether or not any keys are bound to it. If you type @kbd{C-g} while the command name is being read, that cancels the @kbd{M-x} command and exits the minibuffer, so you end up back at command level. To pass a numeric argument to the command you are invoking with @kbd{M-x}, specify the numeric argument before the @kbd{M-x}. @kbd{M-x} passes the argument along to the command it runs. The argument value appears in the prompt while the command name is being read. @vindex suggest-key-bindings If the command you type has a key binding of its own, Emacs mentions this in the echo area after running the command. For example, if you type @kbd{M-x forward-word}, the message says that you can run the same command more easily by typing @kbd{M-f}. You can turn off these messages by setting the variable @code{suggest-key-bindings} to @code{nil}. Normally, when describing in this manual a command that is run by name, we omit the @key{RET} that is needed to terminate the name. Thus we might speak of @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode} rather than @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode @key{RET}}. We mention the @key{RET} only when there is a need to emphasize its presence, such as when we show the command together with following arguments. @findex execute-extended-command @kbd{M-x} works by running the command @code{execute-extended-command}, which is responsible for reading the name of another command and invoking it. @ignore arch-tag: b67bff53-9628-4666-b94e-eda972a7ba56 @end ignore