view lisp/play/mpuz.el @ 24419:30e478cd167e

(shell-command-default-error-buffer): Renamed from shell-command-on-region-default-error-buffer. (shell-command-on-region): Mention in echo area when there is some error output. Mention success or failure, too. Accumulate multiple error outputs going forward, with formfeed in between. Display the error buffer when we have put something in it. (shell-command): Add the ERROR-BUFFER argument feature.

;;; mpuz.el --- multiplication puzzle for GNU Emacs

;; Copyright (C) 1990 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

;; Author: Philippe Schnoebelen <[e-mail]>
;; Keywords: games

;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.

;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
;; any later version.

;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.

;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

;;; Commentary:

;; When this package is loaded, `M-x mpuz' generates a random multiplication
;; puzzle.  This is a multiplication example in which each digit has been
;; consistently replaced with some letter.  Your job is to reconstruct
;; the original digits.  Type `?' while the mode is active for detailed help.

;;; Code:

(defgroup mpuz nil
  "Multiplication puzzle."
  :prefix "mpuz-"
  :group 'games)

(random t)				; randomize

(defcustom mpuz-silent nil
  "*Set this to T if you don't want dings on inputs."
  :type 'boolean
  :group 'mpuz)

(defun mpuz-ding ()
  "Dings, unless global variable `mpuz-silent' forbids it."
  (or mpuz-silent (ding t)))


;; Mpuz mode and keymaps
;;----------------------
(defcustom mpuz-mode-hook nil
  "Hook to run upon entry to mpuz."
  :type 'hook
  :group 'mpuz)

(defvar mpuz-mode-map nil
  "Local keymap to use in Mult Puzzle.")

(if mpuz-mode-map nil
    (setq mpuz-mode-map (make-sparse-keymap))
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "a" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "b" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "c" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "d" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "e" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "f" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "g" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "h" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "i" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "j" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "A" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "B" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "C" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "D" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "E" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "F" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "G" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "H" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "I" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "J" 'mpuz-try-letter)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "\C-g" 'mpuz-offer-abort)
    (define-key mpuz-mode-map "?" 'describe-mode))

(defun mpuz-mode ()
  "Multiplication puzzle mode.

You have to guess which letters stand for which digits in the
multiplication displayed inside the `*Mult Puzzle*' buffer.

You may enter a guess for a letter's value by typing first the letter,
then the digit.  Thus, to guess that A=3, type A 3.

To leave the game to do other editing work, just switch buffers.
Then you may resume the game with M-x mpuz.
You may abort a game by typing \\<mpuz-mode-map>\\[mpuz-offer-abort]."
  (interactive)
  (setq major-mode 'mpuz-mode
	mode-name  "Mult Puzzle")
  (use-local-map mpuz-mode-map)
  (run-hooks 'mpuz-mode-hook))


;; Some variables for statistics
;;------------------------------
(defvar mpuz-nb-errors 0
  "Number of errors made in current game.")

(defvar mpuz-nb-completed-games 0
  "Number of games completed.")

(defvar mpuz-nb-cumulated-errors 0
  "Number of errors made in previous games.")


;; Some variables for game tracking
;;---------------------------------
(defvar mpuz-in-progress nil
  "True if a game is currently in progress.")

(defvar mpuz-found-digits (make-vector 10 nil)
  "A vector recording which digits have been decrypted.")

(defmacro mpuz-digit-solved-p (digit)
  (list 'aref 'mpuz-found-digits digit))


;; A puzzle uses a permutation of [0..9] into itself.
;; We use both the permutation and its inverse.
;;---------------------------------------------------
(defvar mpuz-digit-to-letter (make-vector 10 0)
  "A permutation from [0..9] to [0..9].")

(defvar mpuz-letter-to-digit (make-vector 10 0)
  "The inverse of mpuz-digit-to-letter.")

(defmacro mpuz-to-digit (letter)
  (list 'aref 'mpuz-letter-to-digit letter))

(defmacro mpuz-to-letter (digit)
  (list 'aref 'mpuz-digit-to-letter digit))

(defun mpuz-build-random-perm ()
  "Initialize puzzle coding with a random permutation."
  (let ((letters (list 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)) ; new cons cells, because of delq
	(index 10)
	elem)
    (while letters
      (setq elem    (nth (random index) letters)
	    letters (delq elem letters)
	    index   (1- index))
      (aset mpuz-digit-to-letter index elem)
      (aset mpuz-letter-to-digit elem index))))


;; A puzzle also uses a board displaying a multiplication.
;; Every digit appears in the board, crypted or not.
;;------------------------------------------------------
(defvar mpuz-board (make-vector 10 nil)
  "The board associates to any digit the list of squares where it appears.")

(defun mpuz-put-digit-on-board (number square)
  "Put (last digit of) NUMBER on SQUARE of the puzzle board."
  ;; i.e. push SQUARE on NUMBER square-list
  (setq number (% number 10))
  (aset mpuz-board number (cons square (aref mpuz-board number))))

(defun mpuz-check-all-solved ()
  "Check whether all digits have been solved. Return t if yes."
  (catch 'found
    (let ((digit -1))
      (while (> 10 (setq digit (1+ digit)))
	(if (and (not (mpuz-digit-solved-p digit)) ; unsolved
		 (aref mpuz-board digit)) ; and appearing in the puzzle !
	    (throw 'found nil))))
    t))


;; To build a puzzle, we take two random numbers and multiply them.
;; We also take a random permutation for encryption.
;; The random numbers are only use to see which digit appears in which square
;; of the board. Everything is stored in individual squares.
;;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(defun mpuz-random-puzzle ()
  "Draw random values to be multiplied in a puzzle."
  (mpuz-build-random-perm)
  (fillarray mpuz-board nil)		; erase the board
  (let (A B C D E)
    ;; A,B,C,D & E, are the five rows of our multiplication.
    ;; Choose random values, discarding uninteresting cases.
    (while (progn
	     (setq A (random 1000)
		   B (random 100)
		   C (* A (% B 10))
		   D (* A (/ B 10))
		   E (* A B))
	     (or (< C 1000) (< D 1000)))) ; forbid leading zeros in C or D
    ;; Individual digits are now put on their respective squares.
    ;; [NB: A square is a pair <row,column> of the screen.]
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board A		 '(2 . 9))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ A 10)	 '(2 . 7))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ A 100)	 '(2 . 5))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board B		 '(4 . 9))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ B 10)	 '(4 . 7))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board C		 '(6 . 9))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ C 10)	 '(6 . 7))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ C 100)	 '(6 . 5))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ C 1000)	 '(6 . 3))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board D		 '(8 . 7))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ D 10)	 '(8 . 5))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ D 100)	 '(8 . 3))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ D 1000)	 '(8 . 1))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board E		 '(10 . 9))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ E 10)	 '(10 . 7))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ E 100)	 '(10 . 5))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ E 1000)	 '(10 . 3))
    (mpuz-put-digit-on-board (/ E 10000) '(10 . 1))))

;; Display
;;--------
(defconst mpuz-framework
  "
     . . .
                   Number of errors (this game): 0
    x  . .
   -------
   . . . .
                        Number of completed games: 0
 . . . .
 ---------              Average number of errors: 0.00
 . . . . ."
  "The general picture of the puzzle screen, as a string.")

(defun mpuz-create-buffer ()
  "Create (or recreate) the puzzle buffer. Return it."
  (let ((buff (get-buffer-create "*Mult Puzzle*")))
    (save-excursion
      (set-buffer buff)
      (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
	(erase-buffer)
	(insert mpuz-framework)
	(mpuz-paint-board)
	(mpuz-paint-errors)
	(mpuz-paint-statistics)))
    buff))

(defun mpuz-paint-errors ()
  "Paint error count on the puzzle screen."
  (mpuz-switch-to-window)
  (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
    (goto-line 3)
    (move-to-column 49)
    (mpuz-delete-line)
    (insert (prin1-to-string mpuz-nb-errors))))

(defun mpuz-paint-statistics ()
  "Paint statistics about previous games on the puzzle screen."
  (let* ((mean (if (zerop mpuz-nb-completed-games) 0
		   (/ (+ mpuz-nb-completed-games (* 200 mpuz-nb-cumulated-errors))
		      (* 2 mpuz-nb-completed-games))))
	 (frac-part (% mean 100)))
    (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
      (goto-line 7)
      (move-to-column 51)
      (mpuz-delete-line)
      (insert (prin1-to-string mpuz-nb-completed-games))
      (goto-line 9)
      (move-to-column 50)
      (mpuz-delete-line)
      (insert (format "%d.%d%d" (/ mean 100) (/ frac-part 10) (% frac-part 10))))))

(defun mpuz-paint-board ()
  "Paint board situation on the puzzle screen."
  (mpuz-switch-to-window)
  (let ((letter -1))
    (while (> 10 (setq letter (1+ letter)))
      (mpuz-paint-digit (mpuz-to-digit letter))))
  (goto-char (point-min)))

(defun mpuz-paint-digit (digit)
  "Paint all occurrences of DIGIT on the puzzle board."
  ;; (mpuz-switch-to-window)
  (let ((char (if (mpuz-digit-solved-p digit)
		  (+ digit ?0)
		  (+ (mpuz-to-letter digit) ?A)))
	(square-l (aref mpuz-board digit)))
    (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
      (while square-l
	(goto-line (car (car square-l)))	; line before column !
	(move-to-column (cdr (car square-l)))
	(insert char)
	(delete-char 1)
	(backward-char 1)
	(setq square-l (cdr square-l))))))

(defun mpuz-delete-line ()
  "Clear from point to next newline."	; & put nothing in the kill ring
  (while (not (= ?\n (char-after (point))))
    (delete-char 1)))

(defun mpuz-get-buffer ()
  "Get the puzzle buffer if it exists."
  (get-buffer "*Mult Puzzle*"))

(defun mpuz-switch-to-window ()
  "Find or create the Mult-Puzzle buffer, and display it."
  (let ((buff (mpuz-get-buffer)))
    (or buff (setq buff (mpuz-create-buffer)))
    (switch-to-buffer buff)
    (or buffer-read-only (toggle-read-only))
    (mpuz-mode)))


;; Game control
;;-------------
(defun mpuz-abort-game ()
  "Abort any puzzle in progress."
  (message "Mult Puzzle aborted.")
  (setq mpuz-in-progress nil
	mpuz-nb-errors 0)
  (fillarray mpuz-board nil)
  (let ((buff (mpuz-get-buffer)))
    (if buff (kill-buffer buff))))

(defun mpuz-start-new-game ()
  "Start a new puzzle."
  (message "Here we go...")
  (setq mpuz-nb-errors 0
	mpuz-in-progress t)
  (fillarray mpuz-found-digits nil)	; initialize mpuz-found-digits
  (mpuz-random-puzzle)
  (mpuz-switch-to-window)
  (mpuz-paint-board)
  (mpuz-paint-errors)
  (mpuz-ask-for-try))

(defun mpuz-offer-new-game ()
  "Ask if user wants to start a new puzzle."
  (if (y-or-n-p "Start a new game ")
      (mpuz-start-new-game)
      (message "OK. I won't.")))

;;;###autoload
(defun mpuz ()
  "Multiplication puzzle with GNU Emacs."
  ;; Main entry point
  (interactive)
  (mpuz-switch-to-window)
  (if mpuz-in-progress
      (mpuz-offer-abort)
      (mpuz-start-new-game)))

(defun mpuz-offer-abort ()
  "Ask if user wants to abort current puzzle."
  (interactive)
  (if (y-or-n-p "Abort game ")
      (mpuz-abort-game)
      (mpuz-ask-for-try)))

(defun mpuz-ask-for-try ()
  "Ask for user proposal in puzzle."
  (message "Your try ?"))

(defun mpuz-try-letter ()
  "Propose a digit for a letter in puzzle."
  (interactive)
  (if mpuz-in-progress
      (let (letter-char digit digit-char message)
	(setq letter-char (upcase last-command-char)
	      digit (mpuz-to-digit (- letter-char ?A)))
	(cond ((mpuz-digit-solved-p digit)
	       (message "%c already solved." letter-char))
	      ((null (aref mpuz-board digit))
	       (message "%c does not appear." letter-char))
	      ((progn (message "%c = " letter-char)
		      ;; <char> has been entered.
		      ;; Print "<char> =" and
		      ;; read <num> or = <num>
		      (setq digit-char (read-char))
		      (if (eq digit-char ?=)
			  (setq digit-char (read-char)))
		      (message "%c = %c" letter-char digit-char)
		      (or (> digit-char ?9) (< digit-char ?0))) ; bad input
	       (ding t))
	      (t
	       (mpuz-try-proposal letter-char digit-char))))
      (mpuz-offer-new-game)))

(defun mpuz-try-proposal (letter-char digit-char)
  "Propose LETTER-CHAR as code for DIGIT-CHAR."
  (let* ((letter (- letter-char ?A))
	 (digit (- digit-char ?0))
	 (correct-digit (mpuz-to-digit letter)))
    (cond ((mpuz-digit-solved-p correct-digit)
	   (message "%c has already been found."))
	  ((= digit correct-digit)
	   (message "%c = %c correct !" letter-char digit-char)
	   (mpuz-ding)
	   (mpuz-correct-guess digit))
	  (t ;;; incorrect guess
	   (message "%c = %c incorrect !" letter-char digit-char)
	   (mpuz-ding)
	   (setq mpuz-nb-errors (1+ mpuz-nb-errors))
	   (mpuz-paint-errors)))))

(defun mpuz-correct-guess (digit)
  "Handle correct guessing of DIGIT."
  (aset mpuz-found-digits digit t)	; Mark digit as solved
  (mpuz-paint-digit digit)		; Repaint it (now as a digit)
  (if (mpuz-check-all-solved)
      (mpuz-close-game)))

(defun mpuz-close-game ()
  "Housecleaning when puzzle has been solved."
  (setq mpuz-in-progress nil
	mpuz-nb-cumulated-errors (+ mpuz-nb-cumulated-errors mpuz-nb-errors)
	mpuz-nb-completed-games (1+ mpuz-nb-completed-games))
  (mpuz-paint-statistics)
  (let ((message (mpuz-congratulate)))
    (message message)
    (sit-for 4)
    (if (y-or-n-p (concat message "  Start a new game "))
	(mpuz-start-new-game)
	(message "Good Bye !"))))

(defun mpuz-congratulate ()
  "Build a congratulation message when puzzle is solved."
  (format "Puzzle solved with %d error%s. %s"
	   mpuz-nb-errors
	   (if (= mpuz-nb-errors 1) "" "s")
	   (cond ((= mpuz-nb-errors 0)	      "That's perfect !")
		 ((= mpuz-nb-errors 1)	      "That's very good !")
		 ((= mpuz-nb-errors 2)	      "That's good.")
		 ((= mpuz-nb-errors 3)	      "That's not bad.")
		 ((= mpuz-nb-errors 4)	      "That's not too bad...")
		 ((and (>= mpuz-nb-errors 5)
		       (< mpuz-nb-errors 10)) "That's bad !")
		 ((and (>= mpuz-nb-errors 10)
		       (< mpuz-nb-errors 15)) "That's awful.")
		 ((>= mpuz-nb-errors 15)      "That's not serious."))))

(defun mpuz-show-solution ()
  "Display solution for debugging purposes."
  (interactive)
  (mpuz-switch-to-window)
  (let (digit list)
    (setq digit -1)
    (while (> 10 (setq digit (1+ digit)))
      (or (mpuz-digit-solved-p digit)
	  (setq list (cons digit list))))
    (mapcar 'mpuz-correct-guess list)))

(provide 'mpuz)

;;; mpuz.el ends here