view lisp/calc/calc-bin.el @ 40819:668787248f9b

* dired.el (dired-move-to-filename-regexp): Do not distinguish between ASCII letters and non-ASCII characters. Don't allow comma except in the form "month day, year". Don't allow space between month name and comma. Clean up the code that checks for trailing period, comma, and space. Remove now-obsolete comments, and add more commentary about Japanese dates. Always gobble up trailing spaces, instead of doing it only sometimes.

;; Calculator for GNU Emacs, part II [calc-bin.el]
;; Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
;; Written by Dave Gillespie, [e-mail].

;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.

;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.  No author or distributor
;; accepts responsibility to anyone for the consequences of using it
;; or for whether it serves any particular purpose or works at all,
;; unless he says so in writing.  Refer to the GNU Emacs General Public
;; License for full details.

;; Everyone is granted permission to copy, modify and redistribute
;; GNU Emacs, but only under the conditions described in the
;; GNU Emacs General Public License.   A copy of this license is
;; supposed to have been given to you along with GNU Emacs so you
;; can know your rights and responsibilities.  It should be in a
;; file named COPYING.  Among other things, the copyright notice
;; and this notice must be preserved on all copies.



;; This file is autoloaded from calc-ext.el.
(require 'calc-ext)

(require 'calc-macs)

(defun calc-Need-calc-bin () nil)


;;; b-prefix binary commands.

(defun calc-and (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (calc-enter-result 2 "and"
		      (append '(calcFunc-and)
			      (calc-top-list-n 2)
			      (and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n))))))
)

(defun calc-or (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (calc-enter-result 2 "or"
		      (append '(calcFunc-or)
			      (calc-top-list-n 2)
			      (and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n))))))
)

(defun calc-xor (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (calc-enter-result 2 "xor"
		      (append '(calcFunc-xor)
			      (calc-top-list-n 2)
			      (and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n))))))
)

(defun calc-diff (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (calc-enter-result 2 "diff"
		      (append '(calcFunc-diff)
			      (calc-top-list-n 2)
			      (and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n))))))
)

(defun calc-not (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (calc-enter-result 1 "not"
		      (append '(calcFunc-not)
			      (calc-top-list-n 1)
			      (and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n))))))
)

(defun calc-lshift-binary (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (let ((hyp (if (calc-is-hyperbolic) 2 1)))
     (calc-enter-result hyp "lsh"
			(append '(calcFunc-lsh)
				(calc-top-list-n hyp)
				(and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n)))))))
)

(defun calc-rshift-binary (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (let ((hyp (if (calc-is-hyperbolic) 2 1)))
     (calc-enter-result hyp "rsh"
			(append '(calcFunc-rsh)
				(calc-top-list-n hyp)
				(and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n)))))))
)

(defun calc-lshift-arith (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (let ((hyp (if (calc-is-hyperbolic) 2 1)))
     (calc-enter-result hyp "ash"
			(append '(calcFunc-ash)
				(calc-top-list-n hyp)
				(and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n)))))))
)

(defun calc-rshift-arith (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (let ((hyp (if (calc-is-hyperbolic) 2 1)))
     (calc-enter-result hyp "rash"
			(append '(calcFunc-rash)
				(calc-top-list-n hyp)
				(and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n)))))))
)

(defun calc-rotate-binary (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (let ((hyp (if (calc-is-hyperbolic) 2 1)))
     (calc-enter-result hyp "rot"
			(append '(calcFunc-rot)
				(calc-top-list-n hyp)
				(and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n)))))))
)

(defun calc-clip (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-slow-wrapper
   (calc-enter-result 1 "clip"
		      (append '(calcFunc-clip)
			      (calc-top-list-n 1)
			      (and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n))))))
)

(defun calc-word-size (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-wrapper
   (or n (setq n (read-string (format "Binary word size: (default %d) "
				      calc-word-size))))
   (setq n (if (stringp n)
	       (if (equal n "")
		   calc-word-size
		 (if (string-match "\\`[-+]?[0-9]+\\'" n)
		     (string-to-int n)
		   (error "Expected an integer")))
	     (prefix-numeric-value n)))
   (or (= n calc-word-size)
       (if (> (math-abs n) 100)
	   (calc-change-mode 'calc-word-size n calc-leading-zeros)
	 (calc-change-mode '(calc-word-size calc-previous-modulo)
			   (list n (math-power-of-2 (math-abs n)))
			   calc-leading-zeros)))
   (if (< n 0)
       (message "Binary word size is %d bits (2's complement)." (- n))
     (message "Binary word size is %d bits." n)))
)





;;; d-prefix mode commands.

(defun calc-radix (n)
  (interactive "NDisplay radix (2-36): ")
  (calc-wrapper
   (if (and (>= n 2) (<= n 36))
       (progn
	 (calc-change-mode 'calc-number-radix n t)
	 ;; also change global value so minibuffer sees it
	 (setq-default calc-number-radix calc-number-radix))
     (setq n calc-number-radix))
   (message "Number radix is %d." n))
)

(defun calc-decimal-radix ()
  (interactive)
  (calc-radix 10)
)

(defun calc-binary-radix ()
  (interactive)
  (calc-radix 2)
)

(defun calc-octal-radix ()
  (interactive)
  (calc-radix 8)
)

(defun calc-hex-radix ()
  (interactive)
  (calc-radix 16)
)

(defun calc-leading-zeros (n)
  (interactive "P")
  (calc-wrapper
   (if (calc-change-mode 'calc-leading-zeros n t t)
       (message "Zero-padding integers to %d digits (assuming radix %d)."
		(let* ((calc-internal-prec 6))
		  (math-compute-max-digits (math-abs calc-word-size)
					   calc-number-radix))
		calc-number-radix)
     (message "Omitting leading zeros on integers.")))
)


(defvar math-power-of-2-cache (list 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024))
(defvar math-big-power-of-2-cache nil)
(defun math-power-of-2 (n)    ;  [I I] [Public]
  (if (and (natnump n) (<= n 100))
      (or (nth n math-power-of-2-cache)
	  (let* ((i (length math-power-of-2-cache))
		 (val (nth (1- i) math-power-of-2-cache)))
	    (while (<= i n)
	      (setq val (math-mul val 2)
		    math-power-of-2-cache (nconc math-power-of-2-cache
						 (list val))
		    i (1+ i)))
	    val))
    (let ((found (assq n math-big-power-of-2-cache)))
      (if found
	  (cdr found)
	(let ((po2 (math-ipow 2 n)))
	  (setq math-big-power-of-2-cache
		(cons (cons n po2) math-big-power-of-2-cache))
	  po2))))
)

(defun math-integer-log2 (n)    ; [I I] [Public]
  (let ((i 0)
	(p math-power-of-2-cache)
	val)
    (while (and p (Math-natnum-lessp (setq val (car p)) n))
      (setq p (cdr p)
	    i (1+ i)))
    (if p
	(and (equal val n)
	     i)
      (while (Math-natnum-lessp
	      (prog1
		  (setq val (math-mul val 2))
		(setq math-power-of-2-cache (nconc math-power-of-2-cache
						   (list val))))
	      n)
	(setq i (1+ i)))
      (and (equal val n)
	   i)))
)




;;; Bitwise operations.

(defun calcFunc-and (a b &optional w)   ; [I I I] [Public]
  (cond ((Math-messy-integerp w)
	 (calcFunc-and a b (math-trunc w)))
	((and w (not (integerp w)))
	 (math-reject-arg w 'fixnump))
	((and (integerp a) (integerp b))
	 (math-clip (logand a b) w))
	((or (eq (car-safe a) 'mod) (eq (car-safe b) 'mod))
	 (math-binary-modulo-args 'calcFunc-and a b w))
	((not (Math-num-integerp a))
	 (math-reject-arg a 'integerp))
	((not (Math-num-integerp b))
	 (math-reject-arg b 'integerp))
	(t (math-clip (cons 'bigpos
			    (math-and-bignum (math-binary-arg a w)
					     (math-binary-arg b w)))
		      w)))
)

(defun math-binary-arg (a w)
  (if (not (Math-integerp a))
      (setq a (math-trunc a)))
  (if (Math-integer-negp a)
      (math-not-bignum (cdr (math-bignum-test (math-sub -1 a)))
		       (math-abs (if w (math-trunc w) calc-word-size)))
    (cdr (Math-bignum-test a)))
)

(defun math-binary-modulo-args (f a b w)
  (let (mod)
    (if (eq (car-safe a) 'mod)
	(progn
	  (setq mod (nth 2 a)
		a (nth 1 a))
	  (if (eq (car-safe b) 'mod)
	      (if (equal mod (nth 2 b))
		  (setq b (nth 1 b))
		(math-reject-arg b "*Inconsistent modulos"))))
      (setq mod (nth 2 b)
	    b (nth 1 b)))
    (if (Math-messy-integerp mod)
	(setq mod (math-trunc mod))
      (or (Math-integerp mod)
	  (math-reject-arg mod 'integerp)))
    (let ((bits (math-integer-log2 mod)))
      (if bits
	  (if w
	      (if (/= w bits)
		  (calc-record-why
		   "*Warning: Modulo inconsistent with word size"))
	    (setq w bits))
	(calc-record-why "*Warning: Modulo is not a power of 2"))
      (math-make-mod (if b
			 (funcall f a b w)
		       (funcall f a w))
		     mod)))
)

(defun math-and-bignum (a b)   ; [l l l]
  (and a b
       (let ((qa (math-div-bignum-digit a 512))
	     (qb (math-div-bignum-digit b 512)))
	 (math-mul-bignum-digit (math-and-bignum (math-norm-bignum (car qa))
						  (math-norm-bignum (car qb)))
				 512
				 (logand (cdr qa) (cdr qb)))))
)

(defun calcFunc-or (a b &optional w)   ; [I I I] [Public]
  (cond ((Math-messy-integerp w)
	 (calcFunc-or a b (math-trunc w)))
	((and w (not (integerp w)))
	 (math-reject-arg w 'fixnump))
	((and (integerp a) (integerp b))
	 (math-clip (logior a b) w))
	((or (eq (car-safe a) 'mod) (eq (car-safe b) 'mod))
	 (math-binary-modulo-args 'calcFunc-or a b w))
	((not (Math-num-integerp a))
	 (math-reject-arg a 'integerp))
	((not (Math-num-integerp b))
	 (math-reject-arg b 'integerp))
	(t (math-clip (cons 'bigpos
			    (math-or-bignum (math-binary-arg a w)
					    (math-binary-arg b w)))
		      w)))
)

(defun math-or-bignum (a b)   ; [l l l]
  (and (or a b)
       (let ((qa (math-div-bignum-digit a 512))
	     (qb (math-div-bignum-digit b 512)))
	 (math-mul-bignum-digit (math-or-bignum (math-norm-bignum (car qa))
						 (math-norm-bignum (car qb)))
				 512
				 (logior (cdr qa) (cdr qb)))))
)

(defun calcFunc-xor (a b &optional w)   ; [I I I] [Public]
  (cond ((Math-messy-integerp w)
	 (calcFunc-xor a b (math-trunc w)))
	((and w (not (integerp w)))
	 (math-reject-arg w 'fixnump))
	((and (integerp a) (integerp b))
	 (math-clip (logxor a b) w))
	((or (eq (car-safe a) 'mod) (eq (car-safe b) 'mod))
	 (math-binary-modulo-args 'calcFunc-xor a b w))
	((not (Math-num-integerp a))
	 (math-reject-arg a 'integerp))
	((not (Math-num-integerp b))
	 (math-reject-arg b 'integerp))
	(t (math-clip (cons 'bigpos
			    (math-xor-bignum (math-binary-arg a w)
					     (math-binary-arg b w)))
		      w)))
)

(defun math-xor-bignum (a b)   ; [l l l]
  (and (or a b)
       (let ((qa (math-div-bignum-digit a 512))
	     (qb (math-div-bignum-digit b 512)))
	 (math-mul-bignum-digit (math-xor-bignum (math-norm-bignum (car qa))
						  (math-norm-bignum (car qb)))
				 512
				 (logxor (cdr qa) (cdr qb)))))
)

(defun calcFunc-diff (a b &optional w)   ; [I I I] [Public]
  (cond ((Math-messy-integerp w)
	 (calcFunc-diff a b (math-trunc w)))
	((and w (not (integerp w)))
	 (math-reject-arg w 'fixnump))
	((and (integerp a) (integerp b))
	 (math-clip (logand a (lognot b)) w))
	((or (eq (car-safe a) 'mod) (eq (car-safe b) 'mod))
	 (math-binary-modulo-args 'calcFunc-diff a b w))
	((not (Math-num-integerp a))
	 (math-reject-arg a 'integerp))
	((not (Math-num-integerp b))
	 (math-reject-arg b 'integerp))
	(t (math-clip (cons 'bigpos
			    (math-diff-bignum (math-binary-arg a w)
					      (math-binary-arg b w)))
		      w)))
)

(defun math-diff-bignum (a b)   ; [l l l]
  (and a
       (let ((qa (math-div-bignum-digit a 512))
	     (qb (math-div-bignum-digit b 512)))
	 (math-mul-bignum-digit (math-diff-bignum (math-norm-bignum (car qa))
						   (math-norm-bignum (car qb)))
				 512
				 (logand (cdr qa) (lognot (cdr qb))))))
)

(defun calcFunc-not (a &optional w)   ; [I I] [Public]
  (cond ((Math-messy-integerp w)
	 (calcFunc-not a (math-trunc w)))
	((eq (car-safe a) 'mod)
	 (math-binary-modulo-args 'calcFunc-not a nil w))
	((and w (not (integerp w)))
	 (math-reject-arg w 'fixnump))
	((not (Math-num-integerp a))
	 (math-reject-arg a 'integerp))
	((< (or w (setq w calc-word-size)) 0)
	 (math-clip (calcFunc-not a (- w)) w))
	(t (math-normalize
	    (cons 'bigpos
		  (math-not-bignum (math-binary-arg a w)
				   w)))))
)

(defun math-not-bignum (a w)   ; [l l]
  (let ((q (math-div-bignum-digit a 512)))
    (if (<= w 9)
	(list (logand (lognot (cdr q))
		      (1- (lsh 1 w))))
      (math-mul-bignum-digit (math-not-bignum (math-norm-bignum (car q))
					       (- w 9))
			      512
			      (logxor (cdr q) 511))))
)

(defun calcFunc-lsh (a &optional n w)   ; [I I] [Public]
  (setq a (math-trunc a)
	n (if n (math-trunc n) 1))
  (if (eq (car-safe a) 'mod)
      (math-binary-modulo-args 'calcFunc-lsh a n w)
    (setq w (if w (math-trunc w) calc-word-size))
    (or (integerp w)
	(math-reject-arg w 'fixnump))
    (or (Math-integerp a)
	(math-reject-arg a 'integerp))
    (or (Math-integerp n)
	(math-reject-arg n 'integerp))
    (if (< w 0)
	(math-clip (calcFunc-lsh a n (- w)) w)
      (if (Math-integer-negp a)
	  (setq a (math-clip a w)))
      (cond ((or (Math-lessp n (- w))
		 (Math-lessp w n))
	     0)
	    ((< n 0)
	     (math-quotient (math-clip a w) (math-power-of-2 (- n))))
	    (t
	     (math-clip (math-mul a (math-power-of-2 n)) w)))))
)

(defun calcFunc-rsh (a &optional n w)   ; [I I] [Public]
  (calcFunc-lsh a (math-neg (or n 1)) w)
)

(defun calcFunc-ash (a &optional n w)   ; [I I] [Public]
  (if (or (null n)
	  (not (Math-negp n)))
      (calcFunc-lsh a n w)
    (setq a (math-trunc a)
	  n (if n (math-trunc n) 1))
    (if (eq (car-safe a) 'mod)
	(math-binary-modulo-args 'calcFunc-ash a n w)
      (setq w (if w (math-trunc w) calc-word-size))
      (or (integerp w)
	  (math-reject-arg w 'fixnump))
      (or (Math-integerp a)
	  (math-reject-arg a 'integerp))
      (or (Math-integerp n)
	  (math-reject-arg n 'integerp))
      (if (< w 0)
	  (math-clip (calcFunc-ash a n (- w)) w)
	(if (Math-integer-negp a)
	    (setq a (math-clip a w)))
	(let ((two-to-sizem1 (math-power-of-2 (1- w)))
	      (sh (calcFunc-lsh a n w)))
	  (cond ((Math-natnum-lessp a two-to-sizem1)
		 sh)
		((Math-lessp n (- 1 w))
		 (math-add (math-mul two-to-sizem1 2) -1))
		(t (let ((two-to-n (math-power-of-2 (- n))))
		     (math-add (calcFunc-lsh (math-add two-to-n -1)
					     (+ w n) w)
			       sh))))))))
)

(defun calcFunc-rash (a &optional n w)   ; [I I] [Public]
  (calcFunc-ash a (math-neg (or n 1)) w)
)

(defun calcFunc-rot (a &optional n w)   ; [I I] [Public]
  (setq a (math-trunc a)
	n (if n (math-trunc n) 1))
  (if (eq (car-safe a) 'mod)
      (math-binary-modulo-args 'calcFunc-rot a n w)
    (setq w (if w (math-trunc w) calc-word-size))
    (or (integerp w)
	(math-reject-arg w 'fixnump))
    (or (Math-integerp a)
	(math-reject-arg a 'integerp))
    (or (Math-integerp n)
	(math-reject-arg n 'integerp))
    (if (< w 0)
	(math-clip (calcFunc-rot a n (- w)) w)
      (if (Math-integer-negp a)
	  (setq a (math-clip a w)))
      (cond ((or (Math-integer-negp n)
		 (not (Math-natnum-lessp n w)))
	     (calcFunc-rot a (math-mod n w) w))
	    (t
	     (math-add (calcFunc-lsh a (- n w) w)
		       (calcFunc-lsh a n w))))))
)

(defun math-clip (a &optional w)   ; [I I] [Public]
  (cond ((Math-messy-integerp w)
	 (math-clip a (math-trunc w)))
	((eq (car-safe a) 'mod)
	 (math-binary-modulo-args 'math-clip a nil w))
	((and w (not (integerp w)))
	 (math-reject-arg w 'fixnump))
	((not (Math-num-integerp a))
	 (math-reject-arg a 'integerp))
	((< (or w (setq w calc-word-size)) 0)
	 (setq a (math-clip a (- w)))
	 (if (Math-natnum-lessp a (math-power-of-2 (- -1 w)))
	     a
	   (math-sub a (math-power-of-2 (- w)))))
	((Math-negp a)
	 (math-normalize (cons 'bigpos (math-binary-arg a w))))
	((and (integerp a) (< a 1000000))
	 (if (>= w 20)
	     a
	   (logand a (1- (lsh 1 w)))))
	(t
	 (math-normalize
	  (cons 'bigpos
		(math-clip-bignum (cdr (math-bignum-test (math-trunc a)))
				  w)))))
)
(fset 'calcFunc-clip (symbol-function 'math-clip))

(defun math-clip-bignum (a w)   ; [l l]
  (let ((q (math-div-bignum-digit a 512)))
    (if (<= w 9)
	(list (logand (cdr q)
		      (1- (lsh 1 w))))
      (math-mul-bignum-digit (math-clip-bignum (math-norm-bignum (car q))
						(- w 9))
			      512
			      (cdr q))))
)




(defvar math-max-digits-cache nil)
(defun math-compute-max-digits (w r)
  (let* ((pair (+ (* r 100000) w))
	 (res (assq pair math-max-digits-cache)))
    (if res
	(cdr res)
      (let* ((calc-command-flags nil)
	     (digs (math-ceiling (math-div w (math-real-log2 r)))))
	(setq math-max-digits-cache (cons (cons pair digs)
					  math-max-digits-cache))
	digs)))
)

(defvar math-log2-cache (list '(2 . 1)
			      '(4 . 2)
			      '(8 . 3)
			      '(10 . (float 332193 -5))
			      '(16 . 4)
			      '(32 . 5)))
(defun math-real-log2 (x)   ;;; calc-internal-prec must be 6
  (let ((res (assq x math-log2-cache)))
    (if res
	(cdr res)
      (let* ((calc-symbolic-mode nil)
	     (calc-display-working-message nil)
	     (log (calcFunc-log x 2)))
	(setq math-log2-cache (cons (cons x log) math-log2-cache))
	log)))
)

(defconst math-radix-digits ["0" "1" "2" "3" "4" "5" "6" "7" "8" "9"
			     "A" "B" "C" "D" "E" "F" "G" "H" "I" "J"
			     "K" "L" "M" "N" "O" "P" "Q" "R" "S" "T"
			     "U" "V" "W" "X" "Y" "Z"])

(defun math-format-radix (a)   ; [X S]
  (if (< a calc-number-radix)
      (if (< a 0)
	  (concat "-" (math-format-radix (- a)))
	(math-format-radix-digit a))
    (let ((s ""))
      (while (> a 0)
	(setq s (concat (math-format-radix-digit (% a calc-number-radix)) s)
	      a (/ a calc-number-radix)))
      s))
)

(defconst math-binary-digits ["000" "001" "010" "011"
			      "100" "101" "110" "111"])
(defun math-format-binary (a)   ; [X S]
  (if (< a 8)
      (if (< a 0)
	  (concat "-" (math-format-binary (- a)))
	(math-format-radix a))
    (let ((s ""))
      (while (> a 7)
	(setq s (concat (aref math-binary-digits (% a 8)) s)
	      a (/ a 8)))
      (concat (math-format-radix a) s)))
)

(defun math-format-bignum-radix (a)   ; [X L]
  (cond ((null a) "0")
	((and (null (cdr a))
	      (< (car a) calc-number-radix))
	 (math-format-radix-digit (car a)))
	(t
	 (let ((q (math-div-bignum-digit a calc-number-radix)))
	   (concat (math-format-bignum-radix (math-norm-bignum (car q)))
		   (math-format-radix-digit (cdr q))))))
)

(defun math-format-bignum-binary (a)   ; [X L]
  (cond ((null a) "0")
	((null (cdr a))
	 (math-format-binary (car a)))
	(t
	 (let ((q (math-div-bignum-digit a 512)))
	   (concat (math-format-bignum-binary (math-norm-bignum (car q)))
		   (aref math-binary-digits (/ (cdr q) 64))
		   (aref math-binary-digits (% (/ (cdr q) 8) 8))
		   (aref math-binary-digits (% (cdr q) 8))))))
)

(defun math-format-bignum-octal (a)   ; [X L]
  (cond ((null a) "0")
	((null (cdr a))
	 (math-format-radix (car a)))
	(t
	 (let ((q (math-div-bignum-digit a 512)))
	   (concat (math-format-bignum-octal (math-norm-bignum (car q)))
		   (math-format-radix-digit (/ (cdr q) 64))
		   (math-format-radix-digit (% (/ (cdr q) 8) 8))
		   (math-format-radix-digit (% (cdr q) 8))))))
)

(defun math-format-bignum-hex (a)   ; [X L]
  (cond ((null a) "0")
	((null (cdr a))
	 (math-format-radix (car a)))
	(t
	 (let ((q (math-div-bignum-digit a 256)))
	   (concat (math-format-bignum-hex (math-norm-bignum (car q)))
		   (math-format-radix-digit (/ (cdr q) 16))
		   (math-format-radix-digit (% (cdr q) 16))))))
)

;;; Decompose into integer and fractional parts, without depending
;;; on calc-internal-prec.
(defun math-float-parts (a need-frac)    ; returns ( int frac fracdigs )
  (if (>= (nth 2 a) 0)
      (list (math-scale-rounding (nth 1 a) (nth 2 a)) '(float 0 0) 0)
    (let* ((d (math-numdigs (nth 1 a)))
	   (n (- (nth 2 a))))
      (if need-frac
	  (if (>= n d)
	      (list 0 a n)
	    (let ((qr (math-idivmod (nth 1 a) (math-scale-int 1 n))))
	      (list (car qr) (math-make-float (cdr qr) (- n)) n)))
	(list (math-scale-rounding (nth 1 a) (nth 2 a))
	      '(float 0 0) 0))))
)

(defun math-format-radix-float (a prec)
  (let ((fmt (car calc-float-format))
	(figs (nth 1 calc-float-format))
	(point calc-point-char)
	(str nil))
    (if (eq fmt 'fix)
	(let* ((afigs (math-abs figs))
	       (fp (math-float-parts a (> afigs 0)))
	       (calc-internal-prec (+ 3 (max (nth 2 fp)
					     (math-convert-radix-digits
					      afigs t))))
	       (int (car fp))
	       (frac (math-round (math-mul (math-normalize (nth 1 fp))
					   (math-radix-float-power afigs)))))
	  (if (not (and (math-zerop frac) (math-zerop int) (< figs 0)))
	      (let ((math-radix-explicit-format nil))
		(let ((calc-group-digits nil))
		  (setq str (if (> afigs 0) (math-format-number frac) ""))
		  (if (< (length str) afigs)
		      (setq str (concat (make-string (- afigs (length str)) ?0)
					str))
		    (if (> (length str) afigs)
			(setq str (substring str 1)
			      int (math-add int 1))))
		  (setq str (concat (math-format-number int) point str)))
		(if calc-group-digits
		    (setq str (math-group-float str))))
	    (setq figs 0))))
    (or str
	(let* ((prec calc-internal-prec)
	       (afigs (if (> figs 0)
			  figs
			(max 1 (+ figs
				  (1- (math-convert-radix-digits
				       (max prec
					    (math-numdigs (nth 1 a)))))))))
	       (calc-internal-prec (+ 3 (math-convert-radix-digits afigs t)))
	       (explo -1) (vlo (math-radix-float-power explo))
	       (exphi 1) (vhi (math-radix-float-power exphi))
	       expmid vmid eadj)
	  (setq a (math-normalize a))
	  (if (Math-zerop a)
	      (setq explo 0)
	    (if (math-lessp-float '(float 1 0) a)
		(while (not (math-lessp-float a vhi))
		  (setq explo exphi vlo vhi
			exphi (math-mul exphi 2)
			vhi (math-radix-float-power exphi)))
	      (while (math-lessp-float a vlo)
		(setq exphi explo vhi vlo
		      explo (math-mul explo 2)
		      vlo (math-radix-float-power explo))))
	    (while (not (eq (math-sub exphi explo) 1))
	      (setq expmid (math-div2 (math-add explo exphi))
		    vmid (math-radix-float-power expmid))
	      (if (math-lessp-float a vmid)
		  (setq exphi expmid vhi vmid)
		(setq explo expmid vlo vmid)))
	    (setq a (math-div-float a vlo)))
	  (let* ((sc (math-round (math-mul a (math-radix-float-power
					      (1- afigs)))))
		 (math-radix-explicit-format nil))
	    (let ((calc-group-digits nil))
	      (setq str (math-format-number sc))))
	  (if (> (length str) afigs)
	      (setq str (substring str 0 -1)
		    explo (1+ explo)))
	  (if (and (eq fmt 'float)
		   (math-lessp explo (+ (if (= figs 0)
					    (1- (math-convert-radix-digits
						 prec))
					  afigs)
					calc-display-sci-high 1))
		   (math-lessp calc-display-sci-low explo))
	      (let ((dpos (1+ explo)))
		(cond ((<= dpos 0)
		       (setq str (concat "0" point (make-string (- dpos) ?0)
					 str)))
		      ((> dpos (length str))
		       (setq str (concat str (make-string (- dpos (length str))
							  ?0) point)))
		      (t
		       (setq str (concat (substring str 0 dpos) point
					 (substring str dpos)))))
		(setq explo nil))
	    (setq eadj (if (eq fmt 'eng)
			   (min (math-mod explo 3) (length str))
			 0)
		  str (concat (substring str 0 (1+ eadj)) point
			      (substring str (1+ eadj)))))
	  (setq pos (length str))
	  (while (eq (aref str (1- pos)) ?0) (setq pos (1- pos)))
	  (and explo (eq (aref str (1- pos)) ?.) (setq pos (1- pos)))
	  (setq str (substring str 0 pos))
	  (if calc-group-digits
	      (setq str (math-group-float str)))
	  (if explo
	      (let ((estr (let ((calc-number-radix 10)
				(calc-group-digits nil))
			    (setq estr (math-format-number
					(math-sub explo eadj))))))
		(setq str (if (or (memq calc-language '(math maple))
				  (> calc-number-radix 14))
			      (format "%s*%d.^%s" str calc-number-radix estr)
			    (format "%se%s" str estr)))))))
    str)
)

(defun math-convert-radix-digits (n &optional to-dec)
  (let ((key (cons n (cons to-dec calc-number-radix))))
    (or (cdr (assoc key math-radix-digits-cache))
	(let* ((calc-internal-prec 6)
	       (log (math-div (math-real-log2 calc-number-radix)
			      '(float 332193 -5))))
	  (cdr (car (setq math-radix-digits-cache
			  (cons (cons key (math-ceiling (if to-dec
							    (math-mul n log)
							  (math-div n log))))
				math-radix-digits-cache)))))))
)
(setq math-radix-digits-cache nil)

(defun math-radix-float-power (n)
  (if (eq n 0)
      '(float 1 0)
    (or (and (eq calc-number-radix (car math-radix-float-cache-tag))
	     (<= calc-internal-prec (cdr math-radix-float-cache-tag)))
	(setq math-radix-float-cache-tag (cons calc-number-radix
					       calc-internal-prec)
	      math-radix-float-cache nil))
    (math-normalize
     (or (cdr (assoc n math-radix-float-cache))
	 (cdr (car (setq math-radix-float-cache
			 (cons (cons
				n
				(let ((calc-internal-prec
				       (cdr math-radix-float-cache-tag)))
				  (if (math-negp n)
				      (math-div-float '(float 1 0)
						      (math-radix-float-power
						       (math-neg n)))
				    (math-mul-float (math-sqr-float
						     (math-radix-float-power
						      (math-div2 n)))
						    (if (math-evenp n)
							'(float 1 0)
						      (math-float
						       calc-number-radix))))))
			       math-radix-float-cache)))))))
)
(setq math-radix-float-cache-tag nil)