view etc/survival.tex @ 56026:bb6720f21c54

Revision: [e-mail]--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-396 Tweak arch tagging to make build/install-in-place less annoying Previously, autoconf-created Makefiles and the like would contain duplicate taglines (unfortunately, autoconf doesn't seem to have a `strip in generated file' comment mechanism) leading to conflicts, and installing in place would create unknown directories and copies of source directories (leading to conflicts with the source directories). This changeset makes all autoconf-processed files use explicit id-tags and adds .arch-inventory entries to ignore installation directories.

%&tex
%
% Title:  GNU Emacs Survival Card
% Author: Wlodek Bzyl <[e-mail]>
%
% $Revision: 1.8 $
% $Date: 2000/05/05 22:00:48 $
%
%**start of header

% User interface is `plain.tex' and macros described below
%
% \title{CARD TITLE}{for version 21}
% \section{NAME}
% optional paragraphs separated with \askip amount of vertical space
% \key{KEY-NAME} description of key or
% \mkey{M-x LONG-LISP-NAME} description of Elisp function
%
% \kbd{ARG} -- argument is typed literally

\def\plainfmtname{plain}
\ifx\fmtname\plainfmtname
\else
  \errmessage{This file requires `plain' format to be typeset correctly}
  \endinput
\fi

% Copyright (c) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

% This file is part of GNU Emacs.

% GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
% it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
% the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
% any later version.

% GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
% GNU General Public License for more details.

% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
% along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
% the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
% Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

\def\versionnumber{1.0}
\def\year{2000}

\def\copyrightnotice{\penalty-1\vfill
  \vbox{\smallfont\baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip\raggedcenter
    Copyright \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.\break
    Version \versionnumber{} for GNU Emacs 21, April 2000\break
    Project W{\l}odek Bzyl ([e-mail])

    Permission is granted to make and distribute copies of
    this card provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
    are preserved on all copies.\par}}

\hsize 3.2in
\vsize 7.95in
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\newdimen\intercolumnskip % horizontal space between columns
\intercolumnskip=0.5in

% The TeXbook, p. 257
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\output={\if L\lr
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\def\textindent#1{\noindent\llap{\hbox to \defwidth{\tt#1\hfil}}\ignorespaces}
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\def\mkey{\par\hangafter=1\hang\mtextindent}

\def\kbd#{\bgroup\tt \let\next= }

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\chardef\\=`\\

\raggedright
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\parindent 0pt
\interlinepenalty=10000
\hoffset -0.2in
%\voffset 0.2in

%**end of header


\title{GNU\ \ Emacs\ \ Survival\ \ Card}{for version 21}

In the following, \kbd{C-z} means hit the `\kbd{z}' key while
holding down the {\it Ctrl}\ \ key. \kbd{M-z} means hit the
`\kbd{z}' key while hitting the {\it Meta\/} (labeled {\it Alt\/}
on some keyboards) or after hitting {\it Esc\/} key.

\section{Running Emacs}

To enter GNU Emacs, just type its name: \kbd{emacs}.
Emacs divides the frame into several areas:
  menu line,
  buffer area with the edited text,
  mode line describing the buffer in the window above it,
  and a minibuffer/echo area in the last line.
\askip
\key{C-x C-c} quit Emacs
\key{C-x C-f} edit file; this command uses the minibuffer to read
  the file name; use this to create new files by entering the name
  of the new file
\key{C-x C-s} save the file
\key{C-x k} kill a buffer
\key{C-g} in most context: cancel, stop, abort partially typed or
  executing command
\key{C-x u} undo

\section{Moving About}

\key{C-l} scroll current line to center of window
\key{C-x b} switch to another buffer
\key{M-<} move to beginning of buffer
\key{M->} move to end of buffer
\key{M-x goto-line} go to a given line number

\section{Multiple Windows}

\key{C-x 0} remove the current window from the display
\key{C-x 1} make active window the only window
\key{C-x 2} split window horizontally
\key{C-x 3} split window vertically
\key{C-x o} move to other window

\section{Regions}

Emacs defines a `region' as the space between the {\it mark\/} and
the {\it point}. A mark is set with \kbd{C-{\it space}}.
The point is at the cursor position.
\askip
\key{M-h} mark entire paragraph
\key{C-x h} mark entire buffer

\section{Killing and Copying}

\key{C-w} kill region
\key{M-w} copy region to kill-ring
\key{C-k} kill from the cursor all the way to the end of the line
\key{M-DEL} kill word
\key{C-y} yank back the last kill (\kbd{C-w C-y} combination could be
  used to move text around)
\key{M-y} replace last yank with previous kill

\section{Searching}

\key{C-s} search for a string
\key{C-r} search for a string backwards
\key{RET} quit searching
\key{M-C-s} regular expression search
\key{M-C-r} reverse regular expression search
\askip
Use \kbd{C-s} or \kbd{C-r} again to repeat the search in either direction.

\section{Tags}

Tags tables files record locations of function and
procedure definitions, global variables, data types and anything
else convenient. To create a tags table file, type
`{\tt etags} {\it input\_files}' as a shell command.
\askip
\key{M-.} find a definition
\key{C-u M-.} find next occurrence of definition
\key{M-*} pop back to where \kbd{M-.} was last invoked
\mkey{M-x tags-query-replace} run query-replace on all files
  recorded in tags table
\key{M-,} continue last tags search or query-replace

\section{Compiling}

\key{M-x compile} compile code in active window
\key{C-c C-c} go to the next compiler error, when in
  the compile window or
\key{C-x `} when in the window with source code

\section{Dired, the Directory Editor}

\key{C-x d} invoke Dired
\key{d} flag this file for deletion
\key{\~{}} flag all backup files for deletion
\key{u} remove deletion flag
\key{x} delete the files flagged for deletion
\key{C} copy file
\key{g} update the Dired buffer
\key{f} visit the file described on the current line
\key{s} switch between alphabetical date/time order

\section{Reading and Sending Mail}

\key{M-x rmail} start reading mail
\key{q} quit reading mail
\key{h} show headers
\key{d} mark the current message for deletion
\key{x} remove all messages marked for deletion

\key{C-x m} begin composing a message
\key{C-c C-c} send the message and switch to another buffer
\key{C-c C-f C-c} move to the `CC' header field, creating one
  if there is none

\section{Miscellaneous}

\key{M-q} fill paragraph
\key{M-/} expand previous word dynamically
\key{C-z} iconify (suspend) Emacs when running it under X or
  shell, respectively
\mkey{M-x revert-buffer} replace the text being edited with the
  text of the file on disk

\section{Query Replace}

\key{M-\%} interactively search and replace
\key{M-C-\%} using regular expressions
\askip
Valid responses in query-replace mode are
\askip
\key{SPC} replace this one, go on to next
\key{,} replace this one, don't move
\key{DEL} skip to next without replacing
\key{!} replace all remaining matches
\key{\^{}} back up to the previous match
\key{RET} exit query-replace
\key{C-r} enter recursive edit (\kbd{M-C-c} to exit)

\section{Regular Expressions}

\key{. {\rm(dot)}} any single character except a newline
\key{*} zero or more repeats
\key{+} one or more repeats
\key{?} zero or one repeat
\key{[$\ldots$]} denotes a class of character to match
\key{[\^{}$\ldots$]} negates the class

\key{\\{\it c}} quote characters otherwise having a special
  meaning in regular expressions

\key{$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$} matches one of
  the alternatives (``or'')
\key{\\( $\ldots$ \\)} groups a series of pattern elements to
  a single element
\key{\\{\it n}} same text as {\it n\/}th group

\key{\^{}} matches at line beginning
\key{\$} matches at line end

\key{\\w} matches word-syntax character
\key{\\W} matches non-word-syntax character
\key{\\<} matches at word beginning
\key{\\>} matches at word end
\key{\\b} matches at word break
\key{\\B} matches at non-word break

\section{Registers}

\key{C-x r s} save region in register
\key{C-x r i} insert register contents into buffer

\key{C-x r SPC} save value of point in register
\key{C-x r j} jump to point saved in register

\section{Rectangles}

\key{C-x r r} copy rectangle to register
\key{C-x r k} kill rectangle
\key{C-x r y} yank rectangle
\key{C-x r t} prefix each line with a string

\key{C-x r o} open rectangle, shifting text right
\key{C-x r c} blank out rectangle

\section{Shells}

\key{M-x shell} start a shell within Emacs
\key{M-!} execute a shell command
\key{M-|} run a shell command on the region
\key{C-u M-|} filter region through a shell command

\section{Spelling Check}

\key{M-\$} check spelling of word at the cursor
\mkey{M-x ispell-region} check spelling of all words in region
\mkey{M-x ispell-buffer} check spelling of entire buffer

\section{International Character Sets}

\key{C-x RET C-\\} select and activate input method for
  the current buffer
\key{C-\\} enable or disable input method
\mkey{M-x list-input-methods} show all input methods
\mkey{M-x set-language-environment} specify principal language

\key{C-x RET c} set coding system for next command
\mkey{M-x find-file-literally} visit file with no conversion
  of any kind

\mkey{M-x list-coding-systems} show all coding systems
\mkey{M-x prefer-coding-system} choose preferred coding system

\section{Keyboard Macros}

\key{C-x (} start defining a keyboard macro
\key{C-x )} end keyboard macro definition
\key{C-x e} execute last-defined keyboard macro
\key{C-u C-x (} append to last keyboard macro
\mkey{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} name last keyboard macro

\section{Simple Customization}

\key{M-x customize} customize variables and faces

\section{Getting Help}

Emacs does command completion for you. Typing \kbd{M-x}
{\it tab\/} or {\it space\/} gives a list of Emacs commands.
\askip
\key{C-h} Emacs help
\key{C-h t} run the Emacs tutorial
\key{C-h i} enter Info, the documentation browser
\key{C-h a} show commands matching a string (apropos)
\key{C-h k} display documentation of the function invoked by
  keystroke
\askip
Emacs gets into different {\it modes}, each of which customizes
Emacs for editing text of a particular sort. The mode line
contains names of the current modes, in parentheses.
\askip
\key{C-h m} get mode-specific information

\copyrightnotice

\bye

% Local variables:
% compile-command: "tex survival"
% End:

% arch-tag: 4f9a0562-617b-4843-aee1-450c41d6b22c