GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.See the end of the file for license conditions.Please send Emacs bug reports to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.If possible, use M-x report-emacs-bug.This file is about changes in Emacs version 22.See files NEWS.21, NEWS.20, NEWS.19, NEWS.18, and NEWS.1-17 for changesin older Emacs versions.You can narrow news to a specific version by calling `view-emacs-news'with a prefix argument or by typing C-u C-h C-n.* About external Lisp packagesWhen you upgrade to Emacs 22 from a previous version, some olderversions of external Lisp packages are known to behave badly.So in general, it is recommended that you upgrade to the latestversions of any external Lisp packages that you are using.You should also be aware that many Lisp packages have been includedwith Emacs 22 (see the extensive list below), and you should removeany older versions of these packages to ensure that the Emacs 22version is used. You can use M-x list-load-path-shadows to find sucholder packages.Some specific packages that are known to cause problems are givenbelow. Emacs tries to warn you about these through `bad-packages-alist'.** Semantic (used by CEDET, ECB, JDEE): upgrade to latest version.** cua.el, cua-mode.el: remove old versions.* Changes in Emacs 22.3** Support for several obsolete platforms will be removed in the nextmajor version of Emacs: Apollo, Acorn, Alliant, Amdahl, Altos 3068,Bull DPX/2, Bull SPS-7, AT&T UNIX 7300, AT&T 3b, Aviion Berkeley 4.1to 4.3, Celerity, Clipper, Convergent S series, Convex, Cydra, DG/UX,Dual, Elxsi, ESIX, Fujitsu F301, GEC 63, Gould, Honeywell XPS100,i860, IBM ps/2 aix386, Harris CXUX, Harris Night Hawk 1200/3000,Harris Power PC, HP 9000 series 200 or 300, HLH Orion, HitachiSR2001/SR2201, IBM PS/2, Integrated Solutions 386, IntegratedSolutions Optimum V, Iris, Irix < v6, ISC Unix, ISI 68000, Masscomp5000, Megatest 68000, Motorola System V/88, ns16000, NationalSemiconductor 32000, osf1 (s/osf*) Paragon i860, PFU A-series, Plexus,Pyramid, RTU 3.0, RISCiX SCO 3.2, sh3el, Sinix, Stride, Sun 1-3, SunRoadRunner, Sequent Symmetry, Sony News, SunOS 4, System V rel 0 to 3,Tadpole 68k machines, tahoe, Tandem Integrity S2, targon31, Tektronix,TI Nu, NCR Tower 32, U-station, Ultrix, UMAX, UniPlus 5.2, WhitechapelComputer Works MG1, Wicat, and Xenix.*** Support for systems without alloca will be removed.*** Support for Sun windows will be removed.*** Support for VMS will be removed.* Incompatible Editing Changes in Emacs 22.3** The following input methods were removed in Emacs 22.2, but this wasnot advertised: danish-alt-postfix, esperanto-alt-postfix,finnish-alt-postfix, german-alt-postfix, icelandic-alt-postfix,norwegian-alt-postfix, scandinavian-alt-postfix, spanish-alt-postfix,and swedish-alt-postfix. Use the versions without "alt-", which areidentical.* Installation Changes in Emacs 22.2** Emacs is now licensed under the GNU GPL version 3 (or later).** Support for GNU/kFreeBSD (GNU userland and FreeBSD kernel) was added.** Deprecated machine types and operating systemsCertain machine types and operating systems have been deprecated. Onthese systems, configure will print a warning and exit, and you mustedit the configure script for compilation to proceed. The deprecatedsystems will not be supported at all in Emacs 23. We are not aware ofanyone running Emacs on these systems; if you are, please emailemacs-devel@gnu.org to take it off the list of deprecated systems.*** Deprecated machine typespmax, hp9000s300, ibm370aix, ncr386, ews4800, mips-siemens, powerpcle,and tandem-s2*** Deprecated operating systemsbsd386, bsdos2-1, bsdos2, bsdos3, bsdos4, bsd4-1, bsd4-2, bsd4-3,usg5-0, usg5-2-2, usg5-2, usg5-3, ultrix4-3, 386bsd, hpux, hpux8,hpux9, hpux9shr, hpux10, hpux10-20, aix3-1, aix3-2-5, aix3-2, aix4-1,nextstep, ux4800, uxpds, and uxpv* Changes in Emacs 22.2** `describe-project' is renamed to `describe-gnu-project'.** `view-todo' is renamed to `view-emacs-todo'.** `find-name-dired' now uses -iname rather than -namefor case-insensitive filesystems. The default behavior is determinedby the value of `read-file-name-completion-ignore-case'; if you don'tlike that, customize the value of the new option `find-name-arg'.** In Image mode, whenever the displayed image is wider and/or higherthan the window, the usual keys for moving the cursor cause the imageto be scrolled horizontally or vertically instead.** Emacs can use stock icons in the tool bar when compiled with Gtk+.However, this feature is disabled by default. To enable it, put (setq icon-map-list '(x-gtk-stock-map))in your .emacs or some other startup file. For more information, seethe documentation for the two variables icon-map-list and x-gtk-stock-map.** Scrollbars follow the system theme on Windows XP and later.Windows XP introduced themed scrollbars, but applications have to takespecial steps to use them. Emacs now has the appropriate resources linkedin to make it use the scrollbars from the system theme.** focus-follows-mouse defaults to nil on MS Windows.Previously this variable was incorrectly documented as having no effecton MS Windows, and the default was inappropriate for the majority ofWindows installations. Users of software which modifies the behavior ofWindows to cause focus to follow the mouse will now need to explicitly setthis variable.** `bad-packages-alist' will warn about external packages that are knownto cause problems in this version of Emacs.** The values of `dired-recursive-deletes' and `dired-recursive-copies'have been changed to `top'. This means that the user is asked once,before deleting/copying the indicated directory recursively.** `browse-url-emacs' loads a URL into an Emacs buffer. Handy for *.el URLs.** The command gdba has been removed as gdb works now for those cases where itwas needed. In text command mode, if you have problems before execution hasstarted, use M-x gud-gdb.** desktop.el now detects conflicting uses of the desktop file.When loading the desktop, desktop.el can now detect that the file is alreadyin use. The default behavior is to ask the user what to do, but you cancustomize it with the new option `desktop-load-locked-desktop'. When saving,desktop.el warns about attempts to overwrite a desktop file if it determinesthat the desktop being saved is not an update of the one on disk.** Compilation mode now correctly respects the value of`compilation-scroll-output' between invocations. Previously, outputwas mistakenly scrolled on compiles after the first. Customize`compilation-scroll-output' if you want to retain the scrolling.** `font-lock-comment-face' no longer differs from the default ondisplays with fewer than 16 colors and dark background (e.g. olderxterms and the Linux console). On such displays, only the commentdelimiters will appear to be fontified (in the new face`font-lock-comment-delimiter-face'). To restore the old appearance,customize `font-lock-comment-face'. Another alternative is to use anewer terminal emulator that supports more colors (256 is now common).For example, for xterm compatible emulators that support 256 colors,you can run emacs like this: env TERM=xterm-256color emacs -nw(This was new in Emacs 22.1, but was not described. In Emacs 22.1this also happened for terminals with a light background, that is notthe case anymore).* New Modes and Packages in Emacs 22.2** bibtex-style-mode helps you write BibTeX's *.bst files.** The new package css-mode.el provides a major mode for editing CSS files.** The new package vera-mode.el provides a major mode for editing Vera files.** The new package verilog-mode.el provides a major mode for editing Verilog files.** The new package socks.el implements the SOCKS v5 protocol.** VC*** VC backends can provide completion of revision names.*** VC backends can provide extra menu entries to the "Version Control" menu.This can be used to add menu entries for backend specific functions.*** VC has some support for Mercurial (Hg).*** VC has some support for Monotone (Mtn).*** VC has some support for Bazaar (Bzr).*** VC has some support for Git.* Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 22.2** shell.el no longer defines the aliases `dirtrack-toggle' and`dirtrack-mode' for `shell-dirtrack-mode'. These names were removedbecause they clash with commands provided by dirtrack.el. Use`shell-dirtrack-mode' instead.* Lisp Changes in Emacs 22.2.** Frame-local variables are deprecated and are slated for removal.They can easily be emulated. Rather than calling `make-variable-frame-local'and accessing the variable value directly, explicitly check for aframe-parameter, and if there is one, use its value in preference tothat of the variable. Note that buffer-local values should takeprecedence over frame-local ones, so you may wish to check `local-variable-p'first.** The function invisible-p returns non-nil if the characterafter a specified position is invisible.** inhibit-modification-hooks is bound to t while running modification hooks.As a happy consequence, after-change-functions and before-change-functionsare not bound to nil any more while running an (after|before)-change-function.** New function `window-full-width-p' returns t if a window is as wideas its frame.** The new function `image-refresh' refreshes all images associatedwith a given image specification.** The new function `combine-and-quote-strings' concatenates a list of stringsusing a specified separator. If a string contains double quotes, theyare escaped in the output.** The new function `split-string-and-unquote' performs the inverse operation to`combine-and-quote-strings', i.e. splits a single string into a listof strings, undoing any quoting added by `combine-and-quote-strings'.(For some separator/string combinations, the original strings cannotbe recovered.)* Installation Changes in Emacs 22.1** You can build Emacs with Gtk+ widgets by specifying `--with-x-toolkit=gtk'when you run configure. This requires Gtk+ 2.4 or newer. This portprovides a way to display multilingual text in menus (with some caveats).** The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is now part of the distribution.The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual in Info format is built as part of theEmacs build procedure and installed together with the Emacs UserManual. A menu item was added to the menu bar to make it easilyaccessible (Help->More Manuals->Emacs Lisp Reference).** The Introduction to Programming in Emacs Lisp manual is now part ofthe distribution.This manual is now part of the standard distribution and is installed,together with the Emacs User Manual, into the Info directory. A menuitem was added to the menu bar to make it easily accessible(Help->More Manuals->Introduction to Emacs Lisp).** Leim is now part of the Emacs distribution.You no longer need to download a separate tarball in order to buildEmacs with Leim.** Support for MacOS X was added.See the files mac/README and mac/INSTALL for build instructions.** Mac OS 9 port now uses the Carbon API by default. You can alsocreate a non-Carbon build by specifying `NonCarbon' as a target. Seethe files mac/README and mac/INSTALL for build instructions.** Support for a Cygwin build of Emacs was added.** Support for GNU/Linux systems on X86-64 machines was added.** Support for GNU/Linux systems on S390 machines was added.** Support for GNU/Linux systems on Tensilica Xtensa machines was added.** Support for FreeBSD/Alpha has been added.** New translations of the Emacs Tutorial are available in thefollowing languages: Brasilian Portuguese, Bulgarian, Chinese (bothwith simplified and traditional characters), French, Russian, andItalian. Type `C-u C-h t' to choose one of them in case your languagesetup doesn't automatically select the right one.** New translations of the Emacs reference card are available in theBrasilian Portuguese and Russian. The corresponding PostScript filesare also included.** A French translation of the `Emacs Survival Guide' is available.** Emacs now supports new configure options `--program-prefix',`--program-suffix' and `--program-transform-name' that affect the names ofinstalled programs.** By default, Emacs now uses a setgid helper program to update gamescores. The directory ${localstatedir}/games/emacs is the normalplace for game scores to be stored. You can control this with theconfigure option `--with-game-dir'. The specific user that Emacs usesto own the game scores is controlled by `--with-game-user'. If accessto a game user is not available, then scores will be stored separatelyin each user's home directory.** Emacs now includes support for loading image libraries on demand.(Currently this feature is only used on MS Windows.) You can configurethe supported image types and their associated dynamic libraries bysetting the variable `image-library-alist'.** Emacs can now be built without sound support.** Emacs Lisp source files are compressed by default if `gzip' is available.** All images used in Emacs have been consolidated in etc/images and subdirs.See also the changes to `find-image', documented below.** Emacs comes with a new set of icons.These icons are displayed on the taskbar and/or titlebar when Emacsruns in a graphical environment. Source files for these icons can befound in etc/images/icons. (You can't change the icons displayed byEmacs by changing these files directly. On X, the icon is compiledinto the Emacs executable; see gnu.h in the source tree. On MSWindows, see nt/icons/emacs.ico.)** The `emacsserver' program has been removed, replaced with Lisp code.** The `yow' program has been removed.Use the corresponding Emacs feature instead.** The Emacs terminal emulation in term.el uses a different terminfo name.The Emacs terminal emulation in term.el now uses "eterm-color" as itsterminfo name, since term.el now supports color.** The script etc/emacs-buffer.gdb can be used with gdb to retrieve thecontents of buffers from a core dump and save them to files easily, shouldEmacs crash.** Building with -DENABLE_CHECKING does not automatically build with uniontypes any more. Add -DUSE_LISP_UNION_TYPE if you want union types.** When pure storage overflows while dumping, Emacs now prints howmuch pure storage it will approximately need.* Startup Changes in Emacs 22.1** Init file changesIf the init file ~/.emacs does not exist, Emacs will try~/.emacs.d/init.el or ~/.emacs.d/init.elc. Likewise, if the shell init file~/.emacs_SHELL is not found, Emacs will try ~/.emacs.d/init_SHELL.sh.** Emacs can now be invoked in full-screen mode on a windowed display.When Emacs is invoked on a window system, the new command-line options`--fullwidth', `--fullheight', and `--fullscreen' produce a framewhose width, height, or both width and height take up the entirescreen size. (For now, this does not work with some window managers.)** Emacs now displays a splash screen by default even if command-linearguments were given. The new command-line option --no-splashdisables the splash screen; see also the variable`inhibit-splash-screen' (which is also aliased as`inhibit-startup-message').** New user option `inhibit-startup-buffer-menu'.When loading many files, for instance with `emacs *', Emacs normallydisplays a buffer menu. This option turns the buffer menu off.** New command line option -nbc or --no-blinking-cursor disablesthe blinking cursor on graphical terminals.** The option --script FILE runs Emacs in batch mode and loads FILE.It is useful for writing Emacs Lisp shell script files, because theycan start with this line: #!/usr/bin/emacs --script** The -f option, used from the command line to call a function,now reads arguments for the function interactively if it isan interactively callable function.** The option --directory DIR now modifies `load-path' immediately.Directories are added to the front of `load-path' in the order theyappear on the command line. For example, with this command line: emacs -batch -L .. -L /tmp --eval "(require 'foo)"Emacs looks for library `foo' in the parent directory, then in /tmp, thenin the other directories in `load-path'. (-L is short for --directory.)** When you specify a frame size with --geometry, the size applies toall frames you create. A position specified with --geometry onlyaffects the initial frame.** Emacs built for MS-Windows now behaves like Emacs on X does,with respect to its frame position: if you don't specify a position(in your .emacs init file, in the Registry, or with the --geometrycommand-line option), Emacs leaves the frame position to the Windows'window manager.** The command line option --no-windows has been changed to--no-window-system. The old one still works, but is deprecated.** If the environment variable DISPLAY specifies an unreachable X display,Emacs will now startup as if invoked with the --no-window-system option.** Emacs now reads the standard abbrevs file ~/.abbrev_defsautomatically at startup, if it exists. When Emacs offers to savemodified buffers, it saves the abbrevs too if they have changed. Itcan do this either silently or asking for confirmation first,according to the value of `save-abbrevs'.** New command line option -Q or --quick.This is like using -q --no-site-file, but in addition it also disablesthe fancy startup screen.** New command line option -D or --basic-display.Disables the menu-bar, the tool-bar, the scroll-bars, tool tips, andthe blinking cursor.** The default is now to use a bitmap as the icon.The command-line options --icon-type, -i have been replaced withoptions --no-bitmap-icon, -nbi to turn the bitmap icon off.** If the environment variable EMAIL is defined, Emacs now uses its valueto compute the default value of `user-mail-address', in preference toconcatenation of `user-login-name' with the name of your host machine.* Incompatible Editing Changes in Emacs 22.1** You can now follow links by clicking Mouse-1 on the link.See below for more details.** When the undo information of the current command gets really large(beyond the value of `undo-outer-limit'), Emacs discards it and warnsyou about it.** When Emacs prompts for file names, SPC no longer completes the file name.This is so filenames with embedded spaces could be input without theneed to quote the space with a C-q. The underlying changes in thekeymaps that are active in the minibuffer are described below under"New keymaps for typing file names".If you want the old behavior back, add these two key bindings to your~/.emacs init file: (define-key minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map " " 'minibuffer-complete-word) (define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map " " 'minibuffer-complete-word)** The completion commands TAB, SPC and ? in the minibuffer apply onlyto the text before point. If there is text in the buffer after point,it remains unchanged.** In incremental search, C-w is changed. M-%, C-M-w and C-M-y are special.See below under "incremental search changes".** M-g is now a prefix key.M-g g and M-g M-g run goto-line.M-g n and M-g M-n run next-error (like C-x `).M-g p and M-g M-p run previous-error.** C-u M-g M-g switches to the most recent previous buffer,and goes to the specified line in that buffer.When goto-line starts to execute, if there's a number in the buffer atpoint then it acts as the default argument for the minibuffer.** M-o now is the prefix key for setting text properties;M-o M-o requests refontification.** C-x C-f RET (find-file), typing nothing in the minibuffer, is no longera special case.Since the default input is the current directory, this has the effectof specifying the current directory. Normally that means to visit thedirectory with Dired.You can get the old behavior by typing C-x C-f M-n RET, which fetchesthe actual file name into the minibuffer.** In Dired's ! command (dired-do-shell-command), `*' and `?' nowcontrol substitution of the file names only when they are surroundedby whitespace. This means you can now use them as shell wildcardstoo. If you want to use just plain `*' as a wildcard, type `*""'; thedoublequotes make no difference in the shell, but they preventspecial treatment in `dired-do-shell-command'.** The info-search bindings on C-h C-f, C-h C-k and C-h C-ihave been moved to C-h F, C-h K and C-h S.** `apply-macro-to-region-lines' now operates on all lines that beginin the region, rather than on all complete lines in the region.** line-move-ignore-invisible now defaults to t.** Adaptive filling misfeature removed.It no longer treats `NNN.' or `(NNN)' as a prefix.** The old bindings C-M-delete and C-M-backspace have been deleted,since there are situations where one or the other will shut downthe operating system or your X server.** The register compatibility key bindings (deprecated since Emacs 19)have been removed: C-x / point-to-register (Use: C-x r SPC) C-x j jump-to-register (Use: C-x r j) C-x x copy-to-register (Use: C-x r s) C-x g insert-register (Use: C-x r i)* Editing Changes in Emacs 22.1** The max size of buffers and integers has been doubled.On 32bit machines, it is now 256M (i.e. 268435455).** !MEM FULL! at the start of the mode line indicates that Emacscannot get any more memory for Lisp data. This often means it couldcrash soon if you do things that use more memory. On most systems,killing buffers will get out of this state. If killing buffers doesnot make !MEM FULL! disappear, you should save your work and starta new Emacs.** `undo-only' does an undo which does not redo any previous undo.** Yanking text now discards certain text properties that canbe inconvenient when you did not expect them. The variable`yank-excluded-properties' specifies which ones. Insertionof register contents and rectangles also discards these properties.** New command `kill-whole-line' kills an entire line at once.By default, it is bound to C-S-<backspace>.** M-SPC (just-one-space) when given a numeric argument Nconverts whitespace around point to N spaces.** You can now switch buffers in a cyclic order with C-x C-left(previous-buffer) and C-x C-right (next-buffer). C-x left andC-x right can be used as well. The functions keep a different buffercycle for each frame, using the frame-local buffer list.** C-x 5 C-o displays a specified buffer in another framebut does not switch to that frame. It's the multi-frameanalogue of C-x 4 C-o.** `special-display-buffer-names' and `special-display-regexps' nowunderstand two new boolean pseudo-frame-parameters `same-frame' and`same-window'.** New commands to operate on pairs of open and close characters:`insert-pair', `delete-pair', `raise-sexp'.** M-x setenv now expands environment variable references.Substrings of the form `$foo' and `${foo}' in the specified new valuenow refer to the value of environment variable foo. To include a `$'in the value, use `$$'.** The default values of paragraph-start and indent-line-function havebeen changed to reflect those used in Text mode rather than those usedin Paragraph-Indent Text mode.** The default for the paper size (variable ps-paper-type) is takenfrom the locale.** Help command changes:*** Changes in C-h bindings:C-h e displays the *Messages* buffer.C-h d runs apropos-documentation.C-h r visits the Emacs Manual in Info.C-h followed by a control character is used for displaying files that do not change:C-h C-f displays the FAQ.C-h C-e displays the PROBLEMS file.The info-search bindings on C-h C-f, C-h C-k and C-h C-ihave been moved to C-h F, C-h K and C-h S.C-h c, C-h k, C-h w, and C-h f now handle remapped interactive commands.- C-h c and C-h k report the actual command (after possible remapping) run by the key sequence.- C-h w and C-h f on a command which has been remapped now report the command it is remapped to, and the keys which can be used to run that command.For example, if C-k is bound to kill-line, and kill-line is remappedto new-kill-line, these commands now report:- C-h c and C-h k C-k reports: C-k runs the command new-kill-line- C-h w and C-h f kill-line reports: kill-line is remapped to new-kill-line which is on C-k, <deleteline>- C-h w and C-h f new-kill-line reports: new-kill-line is on C-k*** The apropos commands now accept a list of words to match.When more than one word is specified, at least two of those words mustbe present for an item to match. Regular expression matching is stillavailable.*** The new option `apropos-sort-by-scores' causes the matching itemsto be sorted according to their score. The score for an item is anumber calculated to indicate how well the item matches the words orregular expression that you entered to the apropos command. The bestmatch is listed first, and the calculated score is shown for eachmatching item.*** Help commands `describe-function' and `describe-key' now show functionarguments in lowercase italics on displays that support it. To change thedefault, customize face `help-argument-name' or redefine the function`help-default-arg-highlight'.*** C-h v and C-h f commands now include a hyperlink to the C source forvariables and functions defined in C (if the C source is available).*** Help mode now only makes hyperlinks for faces when the face name ispreceded or followed by the word `face'. It no longer makeshyperlinks for variables without variable documentation, unlesspreceded by one of the words `variable' or `option'. It now makeshyperlinks to Info anchors (or nodes) if the anchor (or node) name isenclosed in single quotes and preceded by `info anchor' or `Infoanchor' (in addition to earlier `info node' and `Info node'). Inaddition, it now makes hyperlinks to URLs as well if the URL isenclosed in single quotes and preceded by `URL'.*** The new command `describe-char' (C-u C-x =) pops up a buffer withdescription various information about a character, including itsencodings and syntax, its text properties, how to input, overlays, andwidgets at point. You can get more information about some of them, byclicking on mouse-sensitive areas or moving there and pressing RET.*** The command `list-text-properties-at' has been deleted becauseC-u C-x = gives the same information and more.*** New command `display-local-help' displays any local help at pointin the echo area. It is bound to `C-h .'. It normally displays thesame string that would be displayed on mouse-over using the`help-echo' property, but, in certain cases, it can display a morekeyboard oriented alternative.*** New user option `help-at-pt-display-when-idle' allows you toautomatically show the help provided by `display-local-help' onpoint-over, after suitable idle time. The amount of idle time isdetermined by the user option `help-at-pt-timer-delay' and defaultsto one second. This feature is turned off by default.** Mark command changes:*** A prefix argument is no longer required to repeat a jump to aprevious mark if you set `set-mark-command-repeat-pop' to t. I.e. C-uC-SPC C-SPC C-SPC ... cycles through the mark ring. Use C-u C-u C-SPCto set the mark immediately after a jump.*** Marking commands extend the region when invoked multiple times.If you type C-M-SPC (mark-sexp), M-@ (mark-word), M-h(mark-paragraph), or C-M-h (mark-defun) repeatedly, the marked regionextends each time, so you can mark the next two sexps with M-C-SPCM-C-SPC, for example. This feature also works formark-end-of-sentence, if you bind that to a key. It also extends theregion when the mark is active in Transient Mark mode, regardless ofthe last command. To start a new region with one of marking commandsin Transient Mark mode, you can deactivate the active region with C-g,or set the new mark with C-SPC.*** Some commands do something special in Transient Mark mode when themark is active--for instance, they limit their operation to theregion. Even if you don't normally use Transient Mark mode, you mightwant to get this behavior from a particular command. There are twoways you can enable Transient Mark mode and activate the mark, for onecommand only.One method is to type C-SPC C-SPC; this enables Transient Mark modeand sets the mark at point. The other method is to type C-u C-x C-x.This enables Transient Mark mode temporarily but does not alter themark or the region.After these commands, Transient Mark mode remains enabled until youdeactivate the mark. That typically happens when you type a commandthat alters the buffer, but you can also deactivate the mark by typingC-g.*** Movement commands `beginning-of-buffer', `end-of-buffer',`beginning-of-defun', `end-of-defun' do not set the mark if the markis already active in Transient Mark mode.*** M-h (mark-paragraph) now accepts a prefix arg.With positive arg, M-h marks the current and the following paragraphs;if the arg is negative, it marks the current and the precedingparagraphs.** Incremental Search changes:*** M-% typed in isearch mode invokes `query-replace' or`query-replace-regexp' (depending on search mode) with the currentsearch string used as the string to replace.*** C-w in incremental search now grabs either a character or a word,making the decision in a heuristic way. This new job is done by thecommand `isearch-yank-word-or-char'. To restore the old behavior,bind C-w to `isearch-yank-word' in `isearch-mode-map'.*** C-y in incremental search now grabs the next line if point is alreadyat the end of a line.*** C-M-w deletes and C-M-y grabs a character in isearch mode.Another method to grab a character is to enter the minibuffer by `M-e'and to type `C-f' at the end of the search string in the minibuffer.*** Vertical scrolling is now possible within incremental search.To enable this feature, customize the new user option`isearch-allow-scroll'. User written commands which satisfy stringentconstraints can be marked as "scrolling commands". See the Emacs manualfor details.*** Isearch no longer adds `isearch-resume' commands to the commandhistory by default. To enable this feature, customize the newuser option `isearch-resume-in-command-history'.** Replace command changes:*** When used interactively, the commands `query-replace-regexp' and`replace-regexp' allow \,expr to be used in a replacement string,where expr is an arbitrary Lisp expression evaluated at replacementtime. `\#' in a replacement string now refers to the count ofreplacements already made by the replacement command. All regularexpression replacement commands now allow `\?' in the replacementstring to specify a position where the replacement string can beedited for each replacement. `query-replace-regexp-eval' is nowdeprecated since it offers no additional functionality.*** query-replace uses isearch lazy highlighting when the new user option`query-replace-lazy-highlight' is non-nil.*** The current match in query-replace is highlighted in new face`query-replace' which by default inherits from isearch face.*** New user option `query-replace-skip-read-only': when non-nil,`query-replace' and related functions simply ignorea match if part of it has a read-only property.** Local variables lists:*** If the local variables list contains any variable-value pairs thatare not known to be safe, Emacs shows a prompt asking whether to applythe local variables list as a whole. In earlier versions, a promptwas only issued for variables explicitly marked as risky (for thedefinition of risky variables, see `risky-local-variable-p').At the prompt, you can choose to save the contents of this localvariables list to `safe-local-variable-values'. This new customizableoption is a list of variable-value pairs that are known to be safe.Variables can also be marked as safe with the existing`safe-local-variable' property (see `safe-local-variable-p').However, risky variables will not be added to`safe-local-variable-values' in this way.*** The variable `enable-local-variables' controls how local variablelists are handled. t, the default, specifies the standard queryingbehavior. :safe means use only safe values, and ignore the rest.:all means set all variables, whether or not they are safe.nil means ignore them all. Anything else means always query.*** The variable `safe-local-eval-forms' specifies a list of forms thatare ok to evaluate when they appear in an `eval' local variablesspecification. Normally Emacs asks for confirmation before evaluatingsuch a form, but if the form appears in this list, no confirmation isneeded.*** If a function has a non-nil `safe-local-eval-function' property,that means it is ok to evaluate some calls to that function when itappears in an `eval' local variables specification. If the propertyis t, then any form calling that function with constant arguments isok. If the property is a function or list of functions, they are calledwith the form as argument, and if any returns t, the form is ok to call.If the form is not "ok to call", that means Emacs asks forconfirmation as before.*** In processing a local variables list, Emacs strips the prefix andsuffix from every line before processing all the lines.*** Text properties in local variables.A file local variables list cannot specify a string with textproperties--any specified text properties are discarded.** File operation changes:*** Unquoted `$' in file names do not signal an error any more whenthe corresponding environment variable does not exist.Instead, the `$ENVVAR' text is left as is, so that `$$' quotingis only rarely needed.*** C-x C-f RET, typing nothing in the minibuffer, is no longer a special case.Since the default input is the current directory, this has the effectof specifying the current directory. Normally that means to visit thedirectory with Dired.*** C-x s (save-some-buffers) now offers an option `d' to diff a bufferagainst its file, so you can see what changes you would be saving.*** Auto Compression mode is now enabled by default.*** If the user visits a file larger than `large-file-warning-threshold',Emacs asks for confirmation.*** The commands copy-file, rename-file, make-symbolic-link andadd-name-to-file, when given a directory as the "new name" argument,convert it to a file name by merging in the within-directory part ofthe existing file's name. (This is the same convention that shellcommands cp, mv, and ln follow.) Thus, M-x copy-file RET ~/foo RET/tmp RET copies ~/foo to /tmp/foo.*** require-final-newline now has two new possible values:`visit' means add a newline (as an undoable change) if it's neededwhen visiting the file.`visit-save' means add a newline (as an undoable change) if it'sneeded when visiting the file, and also add a newline if it's neededwhen saving the file.*** The new option mode-require-final-newline controls how certainmajor modes enable require-final-newline. Any major mode that'sdesigned for a kind of file that should normally end in a newlinesets require-final-newline based on mode-require-final-newline.So you can customize mode-require-final-newline to control what thesemodes do.*** When you are root, and you visit a file whose modes specifyread-only, the Emacs buffer is now read-only too. Type C-x C-q if youwant to make the buffer writable. (As root, you can in fact alter thefile.)*** find-file-read-only visits multiple files in read-only mode,when the file name contains wildcard characters.*** find-alternate-file replaces the current file with multiple files,when the file name contains wildcard characters. It now asks if youwish save your changes and not just offer to kill the buffer.*** When used interactively, `format-write-file' now asks for confirmationbefore overwriting an existing file, unless a prefix argument issupplied. This behavior is analogous to `write-file'.*** The variable `auto-save-file-name-transforms' now has a third element thatcontrols whether or not the function `make-auto-save-file-name' willattempt to construct a unique auto-save name (e.g. for remote files).*** The new option `write-region-inhibit-fsync' disables calls to fsyncin `write-region'. This can be useful on laptops to avoid spinning upthe hard drive upon each file save. Enabling this variable may resultin data loss, use with care.** Minibuffer changes:*** The completion commands TAB, SPC and ? in the minibuffer apply onlyto the text before point. If there is text in the buffer after point,it remains unchanged.*** The new file-name-shadow-mode is turned ON by default, so that whenentering a file name, any prefix which Emacs will ignore is dimmed.*** There's a new face `minibuffer-prompt'.Emacs adds this face to the list of text properties stored in thevariable `minibuffer-prompt-properties', which is used to display theprompt string.*** Enhanced visual feedback in `*Completions*' buffer.Completions lists use faces to highlight what all completionshave in common and where they begin to differ.The common prefix shared by all possible completions uses the face`completions-common-part', while the first character that isn't thesame uses the face `completions-first-difference'. By default,`completions-common-part' inherits from `default', and`completions-first-difference' inherits from `bold'. The idea of`completions-common-part' is that you can use it to make the commonparts less visible than normal, so that the rest of the differingparts is, by contrast, slightly highlighted.Above fontification is always done when listing completions istriggered at minibuffer. If you want to fontify completions whoselisting is triggered at the other normal buffer, you have to passthe common prefix of completions to `display-completion-list' asits second argument.*** File-name completion can now ignore specified directories.If an element of the list in `completion-ignored-extensions' ends in aslash `/', it indicates a subdirectory that should be ignored whencompleting file names. Elements of `completion-ignored-extensions'which do not end in a slash are never considered when a completioncandidate is a directory.*** New user option `history-delete-duplicates'.If set to t when adding a new history element, all previous identicalelements are deleted from the history list.** Redisplay changes:*** The new face `mode-line-inactive' is used to display the mode lineof non-selected windows. The `mode-line' face is now used to displaythe mode line of the currently selected window.The new variable `mode-line-in-non-selected-windows' controls whetherthe `mode-line-inactive' face is used.*** The mode line position information now comes before the major mode.When the file is maintained under version control, that informationappears between the position information and the major mode.*** You can now customize the use of window fringes. To control thisfor all frames, use M-x fringe-mode or the Show/Hide submenu of thetop-level Options menu, or customize the `fringe-mode' variable. Tocontrol this for a specific frame, use the command M-xset-fringe-style.*** Angle icons in the fringes can indicate the buffer boundaries. Inaddition, up and down arrow bitmaps in the fringe indicate which waysthe window can be scrolled.This behavior is activated by setting the buffer-local variable`indicate-buffer-boundaries' to a non-nil value. The default value ofthis variable is found in `default-indicate-buffer-boundaries'.If value is `left' or `right', both angle and arrow bitmaps aredisplayed in the left or right fringe, resp.The value can also be an alist which specifies the presence andposition of each bitmap individually.For example, ((top . left) (t . right)) places the top angle bitmapin left fringe, the bottom angle bitmap in right fringe, and botharrow bitmaps in right fringe. To show just the angle bitmaps in theleft fringe, but no arrow bitmaps, use ((top . left) (bottom . left)).*** On window systems, lines which are exactly as wide as the window(not counting the final newline character) are no longer broken intotwo lines on the display (with just the newline on the second line).Instead, the newline now "overflows" into the right fringe, and thecursor will be displayed in the fringe when positioned on that newline.The new user option 'overflow-newline-into-fringe' can be set to nil torevert to the old behavior of continuing such lines.*** A window can now have individual fringe and scroll-bar settings,in addition to the individual display margin settings.Such individual settings are now preserved when windows are splithorizontally or vertically, a saved window configuration is restored,or when the frame is resized.*** When a window has display margin areas, the fringes are nowdisplayed between the margins and the buffer's text area, rather thanoutside those margins.*** New face `escape-glyph' highlights control characters and escape glyphs.*** Non-breaking space and hyphens are now displayed with a specialface, either nobreak-space or escape-glyph. You can turn this off orspecify a different mode by setting the variable `nobreak-char-display'.*** The parameters of automatic hscrolling can now be customized.The variable `hscroll-margin' determines how many columns away fromthe window edge point is allowed to get before automatic hscrollingwill horizontally scroll the window. The default value is 5.The variable `hscroll-step' determines how many columns automatichscrolling scrolls the window when point gets too close to thewindow edge. If its value is zero, the default, Emacs scrolls thewindow so as to center point. If its value is an integer, it says howmany columns to scroll. If the value is a floating-point number, itgives the fraction of the window's width to scroll the window.The variable `automatic-hscrolling' was renamed to`auto-hscroll-mode'. The old name is still available as an alias.*** Moving or scrolling through images (and other lines) taller thanthe window now works sensibly, by automatically adjusting the window'svscroll property.*** Preemptive redisplay now adapts to current load and bandwidth.To avoid preempting redisplay on fast computers, networks, and displays,the arrival of new input is now performed at regular intervals duringredisplay. The new variable `redisplay-preemption-period' specifiesthe period; the default is to check for input every 0.1 seconds.*** The %c and %l constructs are now ignored in frame-title-format.Due to technical limitations in how Emacs interacts with windowingsystems, these constructs often failed to render properly, and couldeven cause Emacs to crash.*** If value of `auto-resize-tool-bars' is `grow-only', the tool barwill expand as needed, but not contract automatically. To contractthe tool bar, you must type C-l.*** New customize option `overline-margin' controls the space betweenoverline and text.*** New variable `x-underline-at-descent-line' controls the relativeposition of the underline. When set, it overrides the`x-use-underline-position-properties' variables.** New faces:*** `mode-line-highlight' is the standard face indicating mouse sensitiveelements on mode-line (and header-line) like `highlight' face on textareas.*** `mode-line-buffer-id' is the standard face for buffer identificationparts of the mode line.*** `shadow' face defines the appearance of the "shadowed" text, i.e.the text which should be less noticeable than the surrounding text.This can be achieved by using shades of grey in contrast with eitherblack or white default foreground color. This generic shadow faceallows customization of the appearance of shadowed text in one place,so package-specific faces can inherit from it.*** `vertical-border' face is used for the vertical divider between windows.** Font-Lock (syntax highlighting) changes:*** All modes now support using M-x font-lock-mode to togglefontification, even those such as Occur, Info, and comint-derivedmodes that do their own fontification in a special way.The variable `Info-fontify' is no longer applicable; to disablefontification in Info, remove `turn-on-font-lock' from`Info-mode-hook'.*** New standard font-lock face `font-lock-comment-delimiter-face'.This is used for the characters that indicate the start of a comment,e.g. `;' in Lisp mode.*** New standard font-lock face `font-lock-preprocessor-face'.*** Easy to overlook single character negation can now be font-locked.You can use the new variable `font-lock-negation-char-face' and the face ofthe same name to customize this. Currently the cc-modes, sh-script-mode,cperl-mode and make-mode support this.*** Font-Lock mode: in major modes such as Lisp mode, where some Emacsfeatures assume that an open-paren in column 0 is always outside ofany string or comment, Font-Lock now highlights any such open-paren inbold-red if it is inside a string or a comment, to indicate that itcan cause trouble. You should rewrite the string or comment so thatthe open-paren is not in column 0.*** M-o now is the prefix key for setting text properties;M-o M-o requests refontification.*** The default settings for JIT stealth lock parameters are changed.The default value for the user option jit-lock-stealth-time is now nilinstead of 3. This setting of jit-lock-stealth-time disables stealthfontification: on today's machines, it may be a bug in font lockpatterns if fontification otherwise noticeably degrades interactivity.If you find movement in infrequently visited buffers sluggish (and themajor mode maintainer has no better idea), customizingjit-lock-stealth-time to a non-nil value will let Emacs fontifybuffers in the background when it considers the system to be idle.jit-lock-stealth-nice is now 0.5 instead of 0.125 which is supposed tocause less load than the old defaults.*** jit-lock can now be delayed with `jit-lock-defer-time'.If this variable is non-nil, its value should be the amount of Emacsidle time in seconds to wait before starting fontification. Forexample, if you set `jit-lock-defer-time' to 0.25, fontification willonly happen after 0.25s of idle time.*** contextual refontification is now separate from stealth fontification.jit-lock-defer-contextually is renamed jit-lock-contextually andjit-lock-context-time determines the delay after which contextualrefontification takes place.*** lazy-lock is considered obsolete.The `lazy-lock' package is superseded by `jit-lock' and is consideredobsolete. `jit-lock' is activated by default; if you wish to continueusing `lazy-lock', activate it in your ~/.emacs like this: (setq font-lock-support-mode 'lazy-lock-mode)If you invoke `lazy-lock-mode' directly rather than through`font-lock-support-mode', it now issues a warning: "Use font-lock-support-mode rather than calling lazy-lock-mode"** Menu support:*** A menu item "Show/Hide" was added to the top-level menu "Options".This menu allows you to turn various display features on and off (suchas the fringes, the tool bar, the speedbar, and the menu bar itself).You can also move the vertical scroll bar to either side here or turnit off completely. There is also a menu-item to toggle displaying ofcurrent date and time, current line and column number in the mode-line.*** Speedbar has moved from the "Tools" top level menu to "Show/Hide".*** The menu item "Open File..." has been split into two items, "New File..."and "Open File...". "Open File..." now opens only existing files. This isto support existing GUI file selection dialogs better.*** The file selection dialog for Gtk+, Mac, W32 and Motif/LessTif can bedisabled by customizing the variable `use-file-dialog'.*** The pop up menus for Lucid now stay up if you do a fast click and canbe navigated with the arrow keys (like Gtk+, Mac and W32).*** The menu bar for Motif/LessTif/Lucid/Gtk+ can be navigated with keys.Pressing F10 shows the first menu in the menu bar. Navigation is done withthe arrow keys, select with the return key and cancel with the escape keys.*** The Lucid menus can display multilingual text in your locale. You haveto explicitly specify a fontSet resource for this to work, for example`-xrm "Emacs*fontSet: -*-helvetica-medium-r-*--*-120-*-*-*-*-*-*,*"'.*** Dialogs for Lucid/Athena and LessTif/Motif now pop down on pressingESC, like they do for Gtk+, Mac and W32.*** For the Gtk+ version, you can make Emacs use the old file dialogby setting the variable `x-gtk-use-old-file-dialog' to t. Default is to usethe new dialog.*** You can exit dialog windows and menus by typing C-g.** Buffer Menu changes:*** The new options `buffers-menu-show-directories' and`buffers-menu-show-status' let you control how buffers are displayedin the menu dropped down when you click "Buffers" from the menu bar.`buffers-menu-show-directories' controls whether the menu displaysleading directories as part of the file name visited by the buffer.If its value is `unless-uniquify', the default, directories areshown unless uniquify-buffer-name-style' is non-nil. The value of niland t turn the display of directories off and on, respectively.`buffers-menu-show-status' controls whether the Buffers menu includesthe modified and read-only status of the buffers. By default it ist, and the status is shown.Setting these variables directly does not take effect until next timethe Buffers menu is regenerated.*** New command `Buffer-menu-toggle-files-only' toggles display of filebuffers only in the Buffer Menu. It is bound to T in Buffer Menumode.*** `buffer-menu' and `list-buffers' now list buffers whose names beginwith a space, when those buffers are visiting files. Normally bufferswhose names begin with space are omitted.** Mouse changes:*** You can now follow links by clicking Mouse-1 on the link.Traditionally, Emacs uses a Mouse-1 click to set point and a Mouse-2click to follow a link, whereas most other applications use a Mouse-1click for both purposes, depending on whether you click outside orinside a link. Now the behavior of a Mouse-1 click has been changedto match this context-sensitive dual behavior. (If you prefer the oldbehavior, set the user option `mouse-1-click-follows-link' to nil.)Depending on the current mode, a Mouse-2 click in Emacs can do muchmore than just follow a link, so the new Mouse-1 behavior is onlyactivated for modes which explicitly mark a clickable text as a "link"(see the new function `mouse-on-link-p' for details). The Lisppackages that are included in release 22.1 have been adapted to dothis, but external packages may not yet support this. However, thereis no risk in using such packages, as the worst thing that couldhappen is that you get the original Mouse-1 behavior when you clickon a link, which typically means that you set point where you click.If you want to get the original Mouse-1 action also inside a link, youjust need to press the Mouse-1 button a little longer than a normalclick (i.e. press and hold the Mouse-1 button for half a second beforeyou release it).Dragging the Mouse-1 inside a link still performs the originaldrag-mouse-1 action, typically copy the text.You can customize the new Mouse-1 behavior via the new user options`mouse-1-click-follows-link' and `mouse-1-click-in-non-selected-windows'.*** If you set the new variable `mouse-autoselect-window' to a non-nilvalue, windows are automatically selected as you move the mouse fromone Emacs window to another, even within a frame. A minibuffer windowcan be selected only when it is active.*** On X, when the window manager requires that you click on a frame toselect it (give it focus), the selected window and cursor positionnormally changes according to the mouse click position. If you setthe variable x-mouse-click-focus-ignore-position to t, the selectedwindow and cursor position do not change when you click on a frameto give it focus.*** Emacs normally highlights mouse sensitive text whenever the mouseis over the text. By setting the new variable `mouse-highlight', youcan optionally enable mouse highlighting only after you move themouse, so that highlighting disappears when you press a key. You canalso disable mouse highlighting.*** You can now customize if selecting a region by dragging the mouseshall not copy the selected text to the kill-ring by setting the newvariable mouse-drag-copy-region to nil.*** Under X, mouse-wheel-mode is turned on by default.*** Emacs ignores mouse-2 clicks while the mouse wheel is being moved.People tend to push the mouse wheel (which counts as a mouse-2 click)unintentionally while turning the wheel, so these clicks are nowignored. You can customize this with the mouse-wheel-click-event andmouse-wheel-inhibit-click-time variables.*** mouse-wheels can now scroll a specific fraction of the window(rather than a fixed number of lines) and the scrolling is `progressive'.** Multilingual Environment (Mule) changes:*** You can disable character translation for a file using the -*-construct. Include `enable-character-translation: nil' inside the-*-...-*- to disable any character translation that may happen byvarious global and per-coding-system translation tables. You can alsospecify it in a local variable list at the end of the file. Forshortcut, instead of using this long variable name, you can append thecharacter "!" at the end of coding-system name specified in -*-construct or in a local variable list. For example, if a file has thefollowing header, it is decoded by the coding system `iso-latin-1'without any character translation:;; -*- coding: iso-latin-1!; -*-*** Language environment and various default coding systems are setupmore correctly according to the current locale name. If the localename doesn't specify a charset, the default is what glibc defines.This change can result in using the different coding systems asdefault in some locale (e.g. vi_VN).*** The keyboard-coding-system is now automatically set based on yourcurrent locale settings if you are not using a window system. Thiscan mean that the META key doesn't work but generates non-ASCIIcharacters instead, depending on how the terminal (or terminalemulator) works. Use `set-keyboard-coding-system' (or customizekeyboard-coding-system) if you prefer META to work (the old default)or if the locale doesn't describe the character set actually generatedby the keyboard. See Info node `Unibyte Mode'.*** The new command `set-file-name-coding-system' (C-x RET F) setscoding system for encoding and decoding file names. A new menu item(Options->Mule->Set Coding Systems->For File Name) invokes thiscommand.*** The new command `revert-buffer-with-coding-system' (C-x RET r)revisits the current file using a coding system that you specify.*** New command `recode-region' decodes the region again by a specifiedcoding system.*** The new command `recode-file-name' changes the encoding of the nameof a file.*** New command `ucs-insert' inserts a character specified by itsunicode.*** New command quail-show-key shows what key (or key sequence) to typein the current input method to input a character at point.*** Limited support for character `unification' has been added.Emacs now knows how to translate between different representations ofthe same characters in various Emacs charsets according to standardUnicode mappings. This applies mainly to characters in the ISO 8859sets plus some other 8-bit sets, but can be extended. For instance,translation works amongst the Emacs ...-iso8859-... charsets and themule-unicode-... ones.By default this translation happens automatically on encoding.Self-inserting characters are translated to make the input conformantwith the encoding of the buffer in which it's being used, wherepossible.You can force a more complete unification with the user optionunify-8859-on-decoding-mode. That maps all the Latin-N character setsinto Unicode characters (from the latin-iso8859-1 andmule-unicode-0100-24ff charsets) on decoding. Note that this modewill often effectively clobber data with an iso-2022 encoding.*** New language environments (set up automatically according to thelocale): Belarusian, Bulgarian, Chinese-EUC-TW, Croatian, Esperanto,French, Georgian, Italian, Latin-7, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malayalam,Russian, Russian, Slovenian, Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, UTF-8,Ukrainian,Welsh,Latin-6, Windows-1255.*** New input methods: latin-alt-postfix, latin-postfix, latin-prefix,belarusian, bulgarian-bds, bulgarian-phonetic, chinese-sisheng (forChinese Pinyin characters), croatian, dutch, georgian, latvian-keyboard,lithuanian-numeric, lithuanian-keyboard, malayalam-inscript, rfc1345,russian-computer, sgml, slovenian, tamil-inscript, ukrainian-computer,ucs, vietnamese-telex, welsh.*** There is support for decoding Greek and Cyrillic characters intoeither Unicode (the mule-unicode charsets) or the iso-8859 charsets,when possible. The latter are more space-efficient. This is controlled by user option utf-fragment-on-decoding.*** Improved Thai support. A new minor mode `thai-word-mode' (which isautomatically activated if you select Thai as a languageenvironment) changes key bindings of most word-oriented commands toversions which recognize Thai words. Affected commands are M-f (forward-word) M-b (backward-word) M-d (kill-word) M-DEL (backward-kill-word) M-t (transpose-words) M-q (fill-paragraph)*** Indian support has been updated.The in-is13194 coding system is now Unicode-based. CDAC fonts areassumed. There is a framework for supporting various Indian scripts,but currently only Devanagari, Malayalam and Tamil are supported.*** The utf-8/16 coding systems have been enhanced.By default, untranslatable utf-8 sequences are simply composed intosingle quasi-characters. User option `utf-translate-cjk-mode' (it isturned on by default) arranges to translate many utf-8 CJK charactersequences into real Emacs characters in a similar way to the Mule-UCSsystem. As this loads a fairly big data on demand, people who are notinterested in CJK characters may want to customize it to nil.You can augment/amend the CJK translation via hash tables`ucs-mule-cjk-to-unicode' and `ucs-unicode-to-mule-cjk'. The utf-8coding system now also encodes characters from most of Emacs'sone-dimensional internal charsets, specifically the ISO-8859 ones.The utf-16 coding system is affected similarly.*** A UTF-7 coding system is available in the library `utf-7'.*** A new coding system `euc-tw' has been added for traditional Chinesein CNS encoding; it accepts both Big 5 and CNS as input; on saving,Big 5 is then converted to CNS.*** Many new coding systems are available in the `code-pages' library.These include complete versions of most of those in codepage.el, basedon Unicode mappings. `codepage-setup' is now obsolete and is usedonly in the MS-DOS port of Emacs. All coding systems defined in`code-pages' are auto-loaded.*** New variable `utf-translate-cjk-unicode-range' controls whichUnicode characters to translate in `utf-translate-cjk-mode'.*** iso-10646-1 (`Unicode') fonts can be used to display any range ofcharacters encodable by the utf-8 coding system. Just specify thefontset appropriately.** Customize changes:*** Custom themes are collections of customize options. Create acustom theme with M-x customize-create-theme. Use M-x load-theme toload and enable a theme, and M-x disable-theme to disable it. Use M-xenable-theme to enable a disabled theme.*** The commands M-x customize-face and M-x customize-face-other-windownow look at the character after point. If a face or faces arespecified for that character, the commands by default customize thosefaces.*** The face-customization widget has been reworked to be less confusing.In particular, when you enable a face attribute using the correspondingcheck-box, there's no longer a redundant `*' option in value selectionfor that attribute; the values you can choose are only those which makesense for the attribute. When an attribute is de-selected by uncheckingits check-box, then the (now ignored, but still present temporarily incase you re-select the attribute) value is hidden.*** When you set or reset a variable's value in a Customize buffer,the previous value becomes the "backup value" of the variable.You can go back to that backup value by selecting "Use Backup Value"under the "[State]" button.** Dired mode:*** In Dired's ! command (dired-do-shell-command), `*' and `?' nowcontrol substitution of the file names only when they are surroundedby whitespace. This means you can now use them as shell wildcardstoo. If you want to use just plain `*' as a wildcard, type `*""'; thedouble quotes make no difference in the shell, but they preventspecial treatment in `dired-do-shell-command'.*** The Dired command `dired-goto-file' is now bound to j, not M-g.This is to avoid hiding the global key binding of M-g.*** New faces dired-header, dired-mark, dired-marked, dired-flagged,dired-ignored, dired-directory, dired-symlink, dired-warningintroduced for Dired mode instead of font-lock faces.*** New Dired command `dired-compare-directories' marks fileswith different file attributes in two dired buffers.*** New Dired command `dired-do-touch' (bound to T) changes timestampsof marked files with the value entered in the minibuffer.*** In Dired, the w command now stores the current line's file nameinto the kill ring. With a zero prefix arg, it stores the absolute file name.*** In Dired-x, Omitting files is now a minor mode, dired-omit-mode.The mode toggling command is bound to M-o. A new commanddired-mark-omitted, bound to * O, marks omitted files. The variabledired-omit-files-p is obsoleted, use the mode toggling functioninstead.*** The variables dired-free-space-program and dired-free-space-argshave been renamed to directory-free-space-program anddirectory-free-space-args, and they now apply whenever Emacs puts adirectory listing into a buffer.** Comint changes:*** The new INSIDE_EMACS environment variable is set to "t" in subshellsrunning inside Emacs. This supersedes the EMACS environment variable,which will be removed in a future Emacs release. Programs that needto know whether they are started inside Emacs should check INSIDE_EMACSinstead of EMACS.*** The comint prompt can now be made read-only, using the new useroption `comint-prompt-read-only'. This is not enabled by default,except in IELM buffers. The read-only status of IELM prompts can becontrolled with the new user option `ielm-prompt-read-only', whichoverrides `comint-prompt-read-only'.The new commands `comint-kill-whole-line' and `comint-kill-region'support editing comint buffers with read-only prompts.`comint-kill-whole-line' is like `kill-whole-line', but ignores bothread-only and field properties. Hence, it always kill entirelines, including any prompts.`comint-kill-region' is like `kill-region', except that it ignoresread-only properties, if it is safe to do so. This means that if anypart of a prompt is deleted, then the entire prompt must be deletedand that all prompts must stay at the beginning of a line. If this isnot the case, then `comint-kill-region' behaves just like`kill-region' if read-only properties are involved: it copies the textto the kill-ring, but does not delete it.*** The new command `comint-insert-previous-argument' in comint-derivedmodes (shell-mode, etc.) inserts arguments from previous command lines,like bash's `ESC .' binding. It is bound by default to `C-c .', butotherwise behaves quite similarly to the bash version.*** `comint-use-prompt-regexp-instead-of-fields' has been renamed`comint-use-prompt-regexp'. The old name has been kept as an alias,but declared obsolete.** M-x Compile changes:*** M-x compile has become more robust and reliableQuite a few more kinds of messages are recognized. Messages that arerecognized as warnings or informational come in orange or green, instead ofred. Informational messages are by default skipped with `next-error'(controlled by `compilation-skip-threshold').Location data is collected on the fly as the *compilation* buffer changes.This means you could modify messages to make them point to different files.This also means you can not go to locations of messages you may have deleted.The variable `compilation-error-regexp-alist' has now become customizable. Ifyou had added your own regexps to this, you'll probably need to include aleading `^', otherwise they'll match anywhere on a line. There is now also a`compilation-mode-font-lock-keywords' and it nicely handles all the checksthat configure outputs and -o options so you see at a glance where you are.The new file etc/compilation.txt gives examples of each type of message.*** New user option `compilation-environment'.This option allows you to specify environment variables for inferiorcompilation processes without affecting the environment that allsubprocesses inherit.*** New user option `compilation-disable-input'.If this is non-nil, send end-of-file as compilation process input.*** New options `next-error-highlight' and `next-error-highlight-no-select'specify the method of highlighting of the corresponding source linein new face `next-error'.*** A new minor mode `next-error-follow-minor-mode' can be used incompilation-mode, grep-mode, occur-mode, and diff-mode (i.e. all themodes that can use `next-error'). In this mode, cursor motion in thebuffer causes automatic display in another window of the correspondingmatches, compilation errors, etc. This minor mode can be toggled withC-c C-f.*** When the left fringe is displayed, an arrow points to current message inthe compilation buffer.*** The new variable `compilation-context-lines' controls lines of leadingcontext before the current message. If nil and the left fringe is displayed,it doesn't scroll the compilation output window. If there is no left fringe,no arrow is displayed and a value of nil means display the message at the topof the window.** Occur mode changes:*** The new command `multi-occur' is just like `occur', except it cansearch multiple buffers. There is also a new command`multi-occur-in-matching-buffers' which allows you to specify thebuffers to search by their filenames or buffer names. Internally,Occur mode has been rewritten, and now uses font-lock, among otherchanges.*** You can now use next-error (C-x `) and previous-error to advance tothe next/previous matching line found by M-x occur.*** In the *Occur* buffer, `o' switches to it in another window, andC-o displays the current line's occurrence in another window withoutswitching to it.** Grep changes:*** Grep has been decoupled from compilation mode setup.There's a new separate package grep.el, with its own submenu andcustomization group.*** `grep-find' is now also available under the name `find-grep' wherepeople knowing `find-grep-dired' would probably expect it.*** New commands `lgrep' (local grep) and `rgrep' (recursive grep) aremore user-friendly versions of `grep' and `grep-find', which promptseparately for the regular expression to match, the files to search,and the base directory for the search. Case sensitivity of thesearch is controlled by the current value of `case-fold-search'.These commands build the shell commands based on the new variables`grep-template' (lgrep) and `grep-find-template' (rgrep).The files to search can use aliases defined in `grep-files-aliases'.Subdirectories listed in `grep-find-ignored-directories' such as thosetypically used by various version control systems, like CVS and arch,are automatically skipped by `rgrep'.*** The grep commands provide highlighting support.Hits are fontified in green, and hits in binary files in orange. Grep bufferscan be saved and automatically revisited.*** New option `grep-highlight-matches' highlights matches in *grep*buffer. It uses a special feature of some grep programs which accept--color option to output markers around matches. When going to the nextmatch with `next-error' the exact match is highlighted in the sourcebuffer. Otherwise, if `grep-highlight-matches' is nil, the wholesource line is highlighted.*** New key bindings in grep output window:SPC and DEL scrolls window up and down. C-n and C-p moves to next andprevious match in the grep window. RET jumps to the source line ofthe current match. `n' and `p' shows next and previous match inother window, but does not switch buffer. `{' and `}' jumps to theprevious or next file in the grep output. TAB also jumps to the nextfile.*** M-x grep now tries to avoid appending `/dev/null' to the command lineby using GNU grep `-H' option instead. M-x grep automaticallydetects whether this is possible or not the first time it is invoked.When `-H' is used, the grep command line supplied by the user is passedunchanged to the system to execute, which allows more complicatedcommand lines to be used than was possible before.*** The new variables `grep-window-height' and `grep-scroll-output' overridethe corresponding compilation mode settings, for grep commands only.** Cursor display changes:*** Emacs can produce an underscore-like (horizontal bar) cursor.The underscore cursor is set by putting `(cursor-type . hbar)' indefault-frame-alist. It supports variable heights, like the `bar'cursor does.*** The variable `cursor-in-non-selected-windows' can now be set to anyof the recognized cursor types.*** Display of hollow cursors now obeys the buffer-local value (if any)of `cursor-in-non-selected-windows' in the buffer that the cursorappears in.*** On text terminals, the variable `visible-cursor' controls whether Emacsuses the "very visible" cursor (the default) or the normal cursor.*** The X resource cursorBlink can be used to turn off cursor blinking.*** On X, MS Windows, and Mac OS, the blinking cursor's "off" state isnow controlled by the variable `blink-cursor-alist'.** X Windows Support:*** Emacs now supports drag and drop for X. Dropping a file on a windowopens it, dropping text inserts the text. Dropping a file on a diredbuffer copies or moves the file to that directory.*** Under X11, it is possible to swap Alt and Meta (and Super and Hyper).The new variables `x-alt-keysym', `x-hyper-keysym', `x-meta-keysym',and `x-super-keysym' can be used to choose which keysyms Emacs shoulduse for the modifiers. For example, the following two lines swapMeta and Alt: (setq x-alt-keysym 'meta) (setq x-meta-keysym 'alt)*** The X resource useXIM can be used to turn off use of XIM, which canspeed up Emacs with slow networking to the X server.If the configure option `--without-xim' was used to turn off use ofXIM by default, the X resource useXIM can be used to turn it on.*** The new variable `x-select-request-type' controls how Emacsrequests X selection. The default value is nil, which means thatEmacs requests X selection with types COMPOUND_TEXT and UTF8_STRING,and use the more appropriately result.*** The scrollbar under LessTif or Motif has a smoother drag-scrolling.On the other hand, the size of the thumb does not represent the actualamount of text shown any more (only a crude approximation of it).** Xterm support:*** If you enable Xterm Mouse mode, Emacs will respond to mouse clickson the mode line, header line and display margin, when run in an xterm.*** Improved key bindings support when running in an xterm.When Emacs is running in an xterm more key bindings are available.The following should work:{C,S,C-S,A}-{right,left,up,down,prior,next,delete,insert,F1-12}.These key bindings work on xterm from X.org 6.8 (and later versions),they might not work on some older versions of xterm, or on someproprietary versions.The various keys generated by xterm when the "modifyOtherKeys"resource is set are also supported.** Character terminal color support changes:*** The new command-line option --color=MODE lets you specify a standardmode for a tty color support. It is meant to be used on characterterminals whose capabilities are not set correctly in the terminaldatabase, or with terminal emulators which support colors, but don'tset the TERM environment variable to a name of a color-capableterminal. "emacs --color" uses the same color commands as GNU `ls'when invoked with "ls --color", so if your terminal can support colorsin "ls --color", it will support "emacs --color" as well. See theuser manual for the possible values of the MODE parameter.*** Emacs now supports several character terminals which provide morethan 8 colors. For example, for `xterm', 16-color, 88-color, and256-color modes are supported. Emacs automatically notes at startupthe extended number of colors, and defines the appropriate entries forall of these colors.*** Emacs now uses the full range of available colors for the defaultfaces when running on a color terminal, including 16-, 88-, and256-color xterms. This means that when you run "emacs -nw" on an88-color or 256-color xterm, you will see essentially the same facecolors as on X.*** There's a new support for colors on `rxvt' terminal emulator.** ebnf2ps changes:*** New option `ebnf-arrow-extra-width' which specify extra width for arrowshape drawing.The extra width is used to avoid that the arrowhead and the terminal borderoverlap. It depends on `ebnf-arrow-shape' and `ebnf-line-width'.*** New option `ebnf-arrow-scale' which specify the arrow scale.Values lower than 1.0, shrink the arrow.Values greater than 1.0, expand the arrow.* New Modes and Packages in Emacs 22.1** CUA mode is now part of the Emacs distribution.The new cua package provides CUA-like keybindings using C-x forcut (kill), C-c for copy, C-v for paste (yank), and C-z for undo.With cua, the region can be set and extended using shifted movementkeys (like pc-selection-mode) and typed text replaces the activeregion (like delete-selection-mode). Do not enable these modes withcua-mode. Customize the variable `cua-mode' to enable cua.The cua-selection-mode enables the CUA keybindings for the region butdoes not change the bindings for C-z/C-x/C-c/C-v. It can be used as areplacement for pc-selection-mode.In addition, cua provides unified rectangle support with visiblerectangle highlighting: Use C-return to start a rectangle, extend itusing the movement commands (or mouse-3), and cut or copy it using C-xor C-c (using C-w and M-w also works).Use M-o and M-c to `open' or `close' the rectangle, use M-b or M-f, tofill it with blanks or another character, use M-u or M-l to upcase ordowncase the rectangle, use M-i to increment the numbers in therectangle, use M-n to fill the rectangle with a numeric sequence (suchas 10 20 30...), use M-r to replace a regexp in the rectangle, and useM-' or M-/ to restrict command on the rectangle to a subset of therows. See the commentary in cua-base.el for more rectangle commands.Cua also provides unified support for registers: Use a numericprefix argument between 0 and 9, i.e. M-0 .. M-9, for C-x, C-c, andC-v to cut or copy into register 0-9, or paste from register 0-9.The last text deleted (not killed) is automatically stored inregister 0. This includes text deleted by typing text.Finally, cua provides a global mark which is set using S-C-space.When the global mark is active, any text which is cut or copied isautomatically inserted at the global mark position. See thecommentary in cua-base.el for more global mark related commands.The features of cua also works with the standard Emacs bindings forkill, copy, yank, and undo. If you want to use cua mode, but don'twant the C-x, C-c, C-v, and C-z bindings, you can customize the`cua-enable-cua-keys' variable.Note: This version of cua mode is not backwards compatible with olderversions of cua.el and cua-mode.el. To ensure proper operation, youmust remove older versions of cua.el or cua-mode.el as well as theloading and customization of those packages from the .emacs file.** Tramp is now part of the distribution.This package is similar to Ange-FTP: it allows you to edit remotefiles. But whereas Ange-FTP uses FTP to access the remote host,Tramp uses a shell connection. The shell connection is always usedfor filename completion and directory listings and suchlike, but forthe actual file transfer, you can choose between the so-called`inline' methods (which transfer the files through the shellconnection using base64 or uu encoding) and the `out-of-band' methods(which invoke an external copying program such as `rcp' or `scp' or`rsync' to do the copying).Shell connections can be acquired via `rsh', `ssh', `telnet' and also`su' and `sudo'. Ange-FTP is still supported via the `ftp' method.If you want to disable Tramp you should set (setq tramp-default-method "ftp")Removing Tramp, and re-enabling Ange-FTP, can be achieved by M-xtramp-unload-tramp.** The image-dired.el package allows you to easily view, tag and inother ways manipulate image files and their thumbnails, using dired asthe main interface. Image-Dired provides functionality to generatesimple image galleries.** Image files are normally visited in Image mode, which lets you togglebetween viewing the image and viewing the text using C-c C-c.** The new python.el package is used to edit Python and Jython programs.** The URL package (which had been part of W3) is now part of Emacs.** Calc is now part of the Emacs distribution.Calc is an advanced desk calculator and mathematical tool written inEmacs Lisp. The prefix for Calc has been changed to `C-x *' and Calccan be started with `C-x * *'. The Calc manual is separate from theEmacs manual; within Emacs, type "C-h i m calc RET" to read themanual. A reference card is available in `etc/calccard.tex' and`etc/calccard.ps'.** Org mode is now part of the Emacs distributionOrg mode is a mode for keeping notes, maintaining ToDo lists, anddoing project planning with a fast and effective plain-text system.It also contains a plain-text table editor with spreadsheet-likecapabilities.The Org mode table editor can be integrated into any major mode byactivating the minor mode, Orgtbl mode.The documentation for org-mode is in a separate manual; within Emacs,type "C-h i m org RET" to read that manual. A reference card isavailable in `etc/orgcard.tex' and `etc/orgcard.ps'.** ERC is now part of the Emacs distribution.ERC is a powerful, modular, and extensible IRC client for Emacs.To see what modules are available, typeM-x customize-option erc-modules RET.To start an IRC session with ERC, type M-x erc, and follow the promptsfor server, port, and nick.** Rcirc is now part of the Emacs distribution.Rcirc is an Internet relay chat (IRC) client. It supportssimultaneous connections to multiple IRC servers. Each discussiontakes place in its own buffer. For each connection you can joinseveral channels (many-to-many) and participate in private(one-to-one) chats. Both channel and private chats are contained inseparate buffers.To start an IRC session using the default parameters, type M-x irc.If you type C-u M-x irc, it prompts you for the server, nick, port andstartup channel parameters before connecting.** The new package ibuffer provides a powerful, completelycustomizable replacement for buff-menu.el.** Newsticker is now part of the Emacs distribution.Newsticker asynchronously retrieves headlines (RSS) from a list of newssites, prepares these headlines for reading, and allows for loading thecorresponding articles in a web browser. Its documentation is in aseparate manual.** The wdired.el package allows you to use normal editing commands on Diredbuffers to change filenames, permissions, etc...** Ido mode is now part of the Emacs distribution.The ido (interactively do) package is an extension of the iswitchbpackage to do interactive opening of files and directories in additionto interactive buffer switching. Ido is a superset of iswitchb (witha few exceptions), so don't enable both packages.** The new global minor mode `file-name-shadow-mode' modifies the wayfilenames being entered by the user in the minibuffer are displayed, sothat it's clear when part of the entered filename will be ignored due toEmacs' filename parsing rules. The ignored portion can be made dim,invisible, or otherwise less visually noticeable. The display method canbe displayed by customizing the variable `file-name-shadow-properties'.** Emacs' keyboard macro facilities have been enhanced by the newkmacro package.Keyboard macros are now defined and executed via the F3 and F4 keys:F3 starts a macro, F4 ends the macro, and pressing F4 again executesthe last macro. While defining the macro, F3 inserts a counter valuewhich automatically increments every time the macro is executed.There is now a keyboard macro ring which stores the most recentlydefined macros.The C-x C-k sequence is now a prefix for the kmacro keymap whichdefines bindings for moving through the keyboard macro ring,C-x C-k C-p and C-x C-k C-n, editing the last macro C-x C-k C-e,manipulating the macro counter and format via C-x C-k C-c,C-x C-k C-a, and C-x C-k C-f. See the commentary in kmacro.elfor more commands.The original macro bindings C-x (, C-x ), and C-x e are stillavailable, but they now interface to the keyboard macro ring too.The C-x e command now automatically terminates the current macrobefore calling it, if used while defining a macro.In addition, when ending or calling a macro with C-x e, the macro canbe repeated immediately by typing just the `e'. You can customizethis behavior via the variables kmacro-call-repeat-key andkmacro-call-repeat-with-arg.Keyboard macros can now be debugged and edited interactively.C-x C-k SPC steps through the last keyboard macro one key sequenceat a time, prompting for the actions to take.** The new keypad setup package provides several common bindings forthe numeric keypad which is available on most keyboards. The numerickeypad typically has the digits 0 to 9, a decimal point, keys marked+, -, /, and *, an Enter key, and a NumLock toggle key. The keypadpackage only controls the use of the digit and decimal keys.By customizing the variables `keypad-setup', `keypad-shifted-setup',`keypad-numlock-setup', and `keypad-numlock-shifted-setup', or byusing the function `keypad-setup', you can rebind all digit keys andthe decimal key of the keypad in one step for each of the fourpossible combinations of the Shift key state (not pressed/pressed) andthe NumLock toggle state (off/on).The choices for the keypad keys in each of the above states are:`Plain numeric keypad' where the keys generates plain digits,`Numeric keypad with decimal key' where the character produced by thedecimal key can be customized individually (for internationalization),`Numeric Prefix Arg' where the keypad keys produce numeric prefix argsfor Emacs editing commands, `Cursor keys' and `Shifted Cursor keys'where the keys work like (shifted) arrow keys, home/end, etc., and`Unspecified/User-defined' where the keypad keys (kp-0, kp-1, etc.)are left unspecified and can be bound individually through the globalor local keymaps.** The printing package is now part of the Emacs distribution.If you enable the printing package by including (require 'printing) inthe .emacs file, the normal Print item on the File menu is replacedwith a Print sub-menu which allows you to preview output throughghostview, use ghostscript to print (if you don't have a PostScriptprinter) or send directly to printer a PostScript code generated by`ps-print' package. Use M-x pr-help for more information.** The new package longlines.el provides a minor mode for editing textfiles composed of long lines, based on the `use-hard-newlines'mechanism. The long lines are broken up by inserting soft newlines,which are automatically removed when saving the file to disk orcopying into the kill ring, clipboard, etc. By default, Longlinesmode inserts soft newlines automatically during editing, a behaviorreferred to as "soft word wrap" in other text editors. This issimilar to Refill mode, but more reliable. To turn the word wrapfeature off, set `longlines-auto-wrap' to nil.** SES mode (ses-mode) is a new major mode for creating and editingspreadsheet files. Besides the usual Emacs features (intuitive commandletters, undo, cell formulas in Lisp, plaintext files, etc.) it also offersviral immunity and import/export of tab-separated values.** The new package table.el implements editable, WYSIWYG, embedded`text tables' in Emacs buffers. It simulates the effect of puttingthese tables in a special major mode. The package emulates WYSIWYGtable editing available in modern word processors. The package alsocan generate a table source in typesetting and markup languages suchas latex and html from the visually laid out text table.** Filesets are collections of files. You can define a fileset invarious ways, such as based on a directory tree or based onprogram files that include other program files.Once you have defined a fileset, you can perform various operations onall the files in it, such as visiting them or searching and replacingin them.** The minor mode Reveal mode makes text visible on the fly as youmove your cursor into hidden regions of the buffer.It should work with any package that uses overlays to hide partsof a buffer, such as outline-minor-mode, hs-minor-mode, hide-ifdef-mode, ...There is also Global Reveal mode which affects all buffers.** New minor mode, Visible mode, toggles invisibility in the current buffer.When enabled, it makes all invisible text visible. When disabled, itrestores the previous value of `buffer-invisibility-spec'.** The new package flymake.el does on-the-fly syntax checking of programsource files. See the Flymake's Info manual for more details.** savehist saves minibuffer histories between sessions.To use this feature, turn on savehist-mode in your `.emacs' file.** The ruler-mode.el library provides a minor mode for displaying an"active" ruler in the header line. You can use the mouse to visuallychange the `fill-column', `window-margins' and `tab-stop-list'settings.** The file t-mouse.el is now part of Emacs and provides access to mouseevents from the console. It still requires gpm to work but has been updatedfor Emacs 22. In particular, the mode-line is now position sensitive.** The new package scroll-lock.el provides the Scroll Lock minor modefor pager-like scrolling. Keys which normally move point by line orparagraph will scroll the buffer by the respective amount of linesinstead and point will be kept vertically fixed relative to windowboundaries during scrolling.** The new global minor mode `size-indication-mode' (off by default)shows the size of accessible part of the buffer on the mode line.** The new package conf-mode.el handles thousands of configuration files, withvarying syntaxes for comments (;, #, //, /* */ or !), assignment (var = value,var : value, var value or keyword var value) and sections ([section] orsection { }). Many files under /etc/, or with suffixes like .cf through.config, .properties (Java), .desktop (KDE/Gnome), .ini and many others arerecognized.** GDB-Script-mode is used for files like .gdbinit.** The new package dns-mode.el adds syntax highlighting of DNS master files.It is a modern replacement for zone-mode.el, which is now obsolete.** `cfengine-mode' is a major mode for editing GNU Cfengineconfiguration files.** The TCL package tcl-mode.el was replaced by tcl.el.This was actually done in Emacs-21.1, and was not documented.* Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 22.1:** Changes in Dired*** Bindings for Image-Dired added.Several new keybindings, all starting with the C-t prefix, have beenadded to Dired. They are all bound to commands in Image-Dired. As astarting point, mark some image files in a dired buffer and do C-t dto display thumbnails of them in a separate buffer.** Info mode changes*** Images in Info pages are supported.Info pages show embedded images, in Emacs frames with image support.Info documentation that includes images, processed with makeinfoversion 4.7 or newer, compiles to Info pages with embedded images.*** `Info-index' offers completion.*** http and ftp links in Info are now operational: they look like crossreferences and following them calls `browse-url'.*** isearch in Info uses Info-search and searches through multiple nodes.Before leaving the initial Info node isearch fails once with the errormessage [initial node], and with subsequent C-s/C-r continues throughother nodes. When isearch fails for the rest of the manual, it wrapsaround the whole manual to the top/final node. The user option`Info-isearch-search' controls whether to use Info-search for isearch,or the default isearch search function that wraps around the currentInfo node.*** New search commands: `Info-search-case-sensitively' (bound to S),`Info-search-backward', and `Info-search-next' which repeats the lastsearch without prompting for a new search string.*** New command `info-apropos' searches the indices of the knownInfo files on your system for a string, and builds a menu of thepossible matches.*** New command `Info-history-forward' (bound to r and new toolbar icon)moves forward in history to the node you returned from after using`Info-history-back' (renamed from `Info-last').*** New command `Info-history' (bound to L) displays a menu of visited nodes.*** New command `Info-toc' (bound to T) creates a node with table of contentsfrom the tree structure of menus of the current Info file.*** New command `Info-copy-current-node-name' (bound to w) copiesthe current Info node name into the kill ring. With a zero prefixarg, puts the node name inside the `info' function call.*** New face `info-xref-visited' distinguishes visited nodes from unvisitedand a new option `Info-fontify-visited-nodes' to control this.*** A numeric prefix argument of `info' selects an Info bufferwith the number appended to the `*info*' buffer name (e.g. "*info*<2>").*** Info now hides node names in menus and cross references by default.If you prefer the old behavior, you can set the new user option`Info-hide-note-references' to nil.*** The default value for `Info-scroll-prefer-subnodes' is now nil.** Emacs server changes*** You can have several Emacs servers on the same machine. % emacs --eval '(setq server-name "foo")' -f server-start & % emacs --eval '(setq server-name "bar")' -f server-start & % emacsclient -s foo file1 % emacsclient -s bar file2*** The `emacsclient' command understands the options `--eval' and`--display' which tell Emacs respectively to evaluate the given Lispexpression and to use the given display when visiting files.*** User option `server-mode' can be used to start a server process.** Locate changes*** By default, reverting the *Locate* buffer now just runs the last`locate' command back over again without offering to update the locatedatabase (which normally only works if you have root privileges). Ifyou prefer the old behavior, set the new customizable option`locate-update-when-revert' to t.** Desktop package*** Desktop saving is now a minor mode, `desktop-save-mode'.*** The variable `desktop-enable' is obsolete.Customize `desktop-save-mode' to enable desktop saving.*** Buffers are saved in the desktop file in the same order as that in thebuffer list.*** The desktop package can be customized to restore only some buffersimmediately, remaining buffers are restored lazily (when Emacs isidle).*** New command line option --no-desktop*** New commands: - desktop-revert reverts to the last loaded desktop. - desktop-change-dir kills current desktop and loads a new. - desktop-save-in-desktop-dir saves desktop in the directory from which it was loaded. - desktop-lazy-complete runs the desktop load to completion. - desktop-lazy-abort aborts lazy loading of the desktop.*** New customizable variables: - desktop-save. Determines whether the desktop should be saved when it is killed. - desktop-file-name-format. Format in which desktop file names should be saved. - desktop-path. List of directories in which to lookup the desktop file. - desktop-locals-to-save. List of local variables to save. - desktop-globals-to-clear. List of global variables that `desktop-clear' will clear. - desktop-clear-preserve-buffers-regexp. Regexp identifying buffers that `desktop-clear' should not delete. - desktop-restore-eager. Number of buffers to restore immediately. Remaining buffers are restored lazily (when Emacs is idle). - desktop-lazy-verbose. Verbose reporting of lazily created buffers. - desktop-lazy-idle-delay. Idle delay before starting to create buffers.*** New hooks: - desktop-after-read-hook run after a desktop is loaded. - desktop-no-desktop-file-hook run when no desktop file is found.** Recentf changesThe recent file list is now automatically cleaned up when recentf mode isenabled. The new option `recentf-auto-cleanup' controls when to doautomatic cleanup.The ten most recent files can be quickly opened by using the shortcutkeys 1 to 9, and 0, when the recent list is displayed in a buffer viathe `recentf-open-files', or `recentf-open-more-files' commands.The `recentf-keep' option replaces `recentf-keep-non-readable-files-p'and provides a more general mechanism to customize which file names tokeep in the recent list.With the more advanced option `recentf-filename-handlers', you canspecify functions that successively transform recent file names. Forexample, if set to `file-truename' plus `abbreviate-file-name', thesame file will not be in the recent list with different symboliclinks, and the file name will be abbreviated.To follow naming convention, `recentf-menu-append-commands-flag'replaces the misnamed option `recentf-menu-append-commands-p'. Theold name remains available as alias, but has been marked obsolete.** Auto-Revert changes*** You can now use Auto Revert mode to `tail' a file.If point is at the end of a file buffer before reverting, Auto Revertmode keeps it at the end after reverting. Similarly if point isdisplayed at the end of a file buffer in any window, it stays at the endof the buffer in that window. This allows you to "tail" a file: justput point at the end of the buffer and it stays there. This ruleapplies to file buffers. For non-file buffers, the behavior can be modedependent.If you are sure that the file will only change by growing at the end,then you can tail the file more efficiently by using the new minormode Auto Revert Tail mode. The function `auto-revert-tail-mode'toggles this mode.*** Auto Revert mode is now more careful to avoid excessive reverts andother potential problems when deciding which non-file buffers torevert. This matters especially if Global Auto Revert mode is enabledand `global-auto-revert-non-file-buffers' is non-nil. Auto Revertmode only reverts a non-file buffer if the buffer has a non-nil`revert-buffer-function' and a non-nil `buffer-stale-function', whichdecides whether the buffer should be reverted. Currently, this meansthat auto reverting works for Dired buffers (although this may notwork properly on all operating systems) and for the Buffer Menu.*** If the new user option `auto-revert-check-vc-info' is non-nil, AutoRevert mode reliably updates version control info (such as the versioncontrol number in the mode line), in all version controlled buffers inwhich it is active. If the option is nil, the default, then this infoonly gets updated whenever the buffer gets reverted.** Changes in Shell Mode*** Shell output normally scrolls so that the input line is at thebottom of the window -- thus showing the maximum possible text. (Thisis similar to the way sequential output to a terminal works.)** Changes in Hi Lock*** hi-lock-mode now only affects a single buffer, and a new function`global-hi-lock-mode' enables Hi Lock in all buffers. By default, ifhi-lock-mode is used in what appears to be the initialization file, awarning message suggests to use global-hi-lock-mode instead. However,if the new variable `hi-lock-archaic-interface-deduce' is non-nil,using hi-lock-mode in an initialization file will turn on Hi Lock in allbuffers and no warning will be issued (for compatibility with thebehavior in older versions of Emacs).** Changes in Allout*** Topic cryptography added, enabling easy gpg topic encryption anddecryption. Per-topic basis enables interspersing encrypted-text andclear-text within a single file to your heart's content, using symmetricand/or public key modes. Time-limited key caching, user-providedsymmetric key hinting and consistency verification, auto-encryption ofpending topics on save, and more, make it easy to use encryption inpowerful ways. Encryption behavior customization is collected in theallout-encryption customization group.*** Default command prefix was changed to "\C-c " (control-c space), toavoid intruding on user's keybinding space. Customize the`allout-command-prefix' variable to your preference.*** Some previously rough topic-header format edge cases are reconciled.Level 1 topics use the mode's comment format, and lines starting with theasterisk - for instance, the comment close of some languages (eg, c's "*/"or mathematica's "*)") - at the beginning of line are no longer areinterpreted as level 1 topics in those modes.*** Many or most commonly occurring "accidental" topics are disqualified.Text in item bodies that looks like a low-depth topic is no longer mistakenfor one unless its first offspring (or that of its next sibling withoffspring) is only one level deeper.For example, pasting some text with a bunch of leading asterisks into atopic that's followed by a level 3 or deeper topic will not cause thepasted text to be mistaken for outline structure.The same constraint is applied to any level 2 or 3 topics.This settles an old issue where typed or pasted text needed to be carefullyreviewed, and sometimes doctored, to avoid accidentally disrupting theoutline structure. Now that should be generally unnecessary, as the mostprone-to-occur accidents are disqualified.*** Allout now refuses to create "containment discontinuities", where atopic is shifted deeper than the offspring-depth of its container. On theother hand, allout now operates gracefully with existing containmentdiscontinuities, revealing excessively contained topics rather than eitherleaving them hidden or raising an error.*** Navigation within an item is easier. Repeated beginning-of-line andend-of-line key commands (usually, ^A and ^E) cycle through thebeginning/end-of-line and then beginning/end of topic, etc. See newcustomization vars `allout-beginning-of-line-cycles' and`allout-end-of-line-cycles'.*** New or revised allout-mode activity hooks enable creation ofcooperative enhancements to allout mode without changes to the mode,itself.See `allout-exposure-change-hook', `allout-structure-added-hook',`allout-structure-deleted-hook', and `allout-structure-shifted-hook'.`allout-exposure-change-hook' replaces the existing`allout-view-change-hook', which is being deprecated. Both are stillinvoked, but `allout-view-change-hook' will eventually be ignored.`allout-exposure-change-hook' is called with explicit arguments detailingthe specifics of each change (as are the other new hooks), making it easierto use than the old version.There is a new mode deactivation hook, `allout-mode-deactivate-hook', forcoordinating with deactivation of allout-mode. Both that and the modeactivation hook, `allout-mode-hook' are now run after the `allout-mode'variable is changed, rather than before.*** Allout now uses text overlay's `invisible' property for concealed text,instead of selective-display. This simplifies the code, in particularavoiding the need for kludges for isearch dynamic-display, discretionaryhandling of edits of concealed text, undo concerns, etc.*** There are many other fixes and refinements, including: - repaired inhibition of inadvertent edits to concealed text, without inhibiting undo; we now reveal undo changes within concealed text. - auto-fill-mode is now left inactive when allout-mode starts, if it already was inactive. also, `allout-inhibit-auto-fill' custom configuration variable makes it easy to disable auto fill in allout outlines in general or on a per-buffer basis. - allout now tolerates fielded text in outlines without disruption. - hot-spot navigation now is modularized with a new function, `allout-hotspot-key-handler', enabling easier use and enhancement of the functionality in allout addons. - repaired retention of topic body hanging indent upon topic depth shifts - bulleting variation is simpler and more accommodating, both in the default behavior and in ability to vary when creating new topics - mode deactivation now does cleans up effectively, more properly restoring affected variables and hooks to former state, removing overlays, etc. see `allout-add-resumptions' and `allout-do-resumptions', which replace the old `allout-resumptions'. - included a few unit-tests for interior functionality. developers can have them automatically run at the end of module load by customizing the option `allout-run-unit-tests-on-load'. - many, many other, more minor tweaks, fixes, and refinements. - version number incremented to 2.2** Hideshow mode changes*** New variable `hs-set-up-overlay' allows customization of the overlayused to effect hiding for hideshow minor mode. Integration with isearchhandles the overlay property `display' specially, preserving it duringtemporary overlay showing in the course of an isearch operation.*** New variable `hs-allow-nesting' non-nil means that hiding a block doesnot discard the hidden state of any "internal" blocks; when the parentblock is later shown, the internal blocks remain hidden. Default is nil.** FFAP changes*** New ffap commands and keybindings:C-x C-r (`ffap-read-only'),C-x C-v (`ffap-alternate-file'), C-x C-d (`ffap-list-directory'),C-x 4 r (`ffap-read-only-other-window'), C-x 4 d (`ffap-dired-other-window'),C-x 5 r (`ffap-read-only-other-frame'), C-x 5 d (`ffap-dired-other-frame').*** FFAP accepts wildcards in a file name by default.C-x C-f passes the file name to `find-file' with non-nil WILDCARDSargument, which visits multiple files, and C-x d passes it to `dired'.** Changes in Skeleton*** In skeleton.el, `-' marks the `skeleton-point' without interregion interaction.`@' has reverted to only setting `skeleton-positions' and no longersets `skeleton-point'. Skeletons which used @ to mark`skeleton-point' independent of `_' should now use `-' instead. Theupdated `skeleton-insert' docstring explains these new features alongwith other details of skeleton construction.*** The variables `skeleton-transformation', `skeleton-filter', and`skeleton-pair-filter' have been renamed to`skeleton-transformation-function', `skeleton-filter-function', and`skeleton-pair-filter-function'. The old names are still availableas aliases.** HTML/SGML changes*** Emacs now tries to set up buffer coding systems for HTML/XML filesautomatically.*** SGML mode has indentation and supports XML syntax.The new variable `sgml-xml-mode' tells SGML mode to use XML syntax.When this option is enabled, SGML tags are inserted in XML style,i.e., there is always a closing tag.By default, its setting is inferred on a buffer-by-buffer basisfrom the file name or buffer contents.*** The variable `sgml-transformation' has been renamed to`sgml-transformation-function'. The old name is still available asalias.*** `xml-mode' is now an alias for `sgml-mode', which has XML support.** TeX modes*** New major mode Doctex mode, for *.dtx files.*** C-c C-c prompts for a command to run, and tries to offer a good default.*** The user option `tex-start-options-string' has been replacedby two new user options: `tex-start-options', which should holdcommand-line options to feed to TeX, and `tex-start-commands' which should holdTeX commands to use at startup.*** verbatim environments are now highlighted in courier by font-lockand super/sub-scripts are made into super/sub-scripts.** RefTeX mode changes*** Changes to RefTeX's table of contentsThe new command keys "<" and ">" in the TOC buffer promote/demote thesection at point or all sections in the current region, with fullsupport for multifile documents.The new command `reftex-toc-recenter' (`C-c -') shows the currentsection in the TOC buffer without selecting the TOC window.Recentering can happen automatically in idle time when the option`reftex-auto-recenter-toc' is turned on. The highlight in the TOCbuffer stays when the focus moves to a different window. A dedicatedframe can show the TOC with the current section always automaticallyhighlighted. The frame is created and deleted from the toc bufferwith the `d' key.The toc window can be split off horizontally instead of vertically.See new option `reftex-toc-split-windows-horizontally'.Labels can be renamed globally from the table of contents using thekey `M-%'.The new command `reftex-goto-label' jumps directly to a labellocation.*** Changes related to citations and BibTeX database filesCommands that insert a citation now prompt for optional arguments whencalled with a prefix argument. Related new options are`reftex-cite-prompt-optional-args' and `reftex-cite-cleanup-optional-args'.The new command `reftex-create-bibtex-file' creates a BibTeX databasewith all entries referenced in the current document. The keys "e" and"E" allow to produce a BibTeX database file from entries marked in acitation selection buffer.The command `reftex-citation' uses the word in the buffer before thecursor as a default search string.The support for chapterbib has been improved. Different chapters cannow use BibTeX or an explicit `thebibliography' environment.The macros which specify the bibliography file (like \bibliography)can be configured with the new option `reftex-bibliography-commands'.Support for jurabib has been added.*** Global index matched may be verified with a user function.During global indexing, a user function can verify an index match.See new option `reftex-index-verify-function'.*** Parsing documents with many labels can be sped up.Operating in a document with thousands of labels can be sped upconsiderably by allowing RefTeX to derive the type of a label directlyfrom the label prefix like `eq:' or `fig:'. The option`reftex-trust-label-prefix' needs to be configured in order to enablethis feature. While the speed-up is significant, this may reduce thequality of the context offered by RefTeX to describe a label.*** Miscellaneous changesThe macros which input a file in LaTeX (like \input, \include) can beconfigured in the new option `reftex-include-file-commands'.RefTeX supports global incremental search.** BibTeX mode*** The new command `bibtex-url' browses a URL for the BibTeX entry atpoint (bound to C-c C-l and mouse-2, RET on clickable fields).*** The new command `bibtex-entry-update' (bound to C-c C-u) updatesan existing BibTeX entry by inserting fields that may occur but are notpresent.*** New `bibtex-entry-format' option `required-fields', enabled by default.*** `bibtex-maintain-sorted-entries' can take values `plain',`crossref', and `entry-class' which control the sorting scheme usedfor BibTeX entries. `bibtex-sort-entry-class' controls the sortingscheme `entry-class'. TAB completion for reference keys andautomatic detection of duplicates does not require anymore that`bibtex-maintain-sorted-entries' is non-nil.*** The new command `bibtex-complete' completes word fragment beforepoint according to context (bound to M-tab).*** In BibTeX mode the command `fill-paragraph' (M-q) fillsindividual fields of a BibTeX entry.*** The new variable `bibtex-autofill-types' contains a list of entrytypes for which fields are filled automatically (if possible).*** The new commands `bibtex-find-entry' and `bibtex-find-crossref'locate entries and crossref'd entries (bound to C-c C-s and C-c C-x).Crossref fields are clickable (bound to mouse-2, RET).*** The new variables `bibtex-files' and `bibtex-file-path' define a setof BibTeX files that are searched for entry keys.*** The new command `bibtex-validate-globally' checks for duplicate keysin multiple BibTeX files.*** If the new variable `bibtex-autoadd-commas' is non-nil,automatically add missing commas at end of BibTeX fields.*** The new command `bibtex-copy-summary-as-kill' pushes summaryof BibTeX entry to kill ring (bound to C-c C-t).*** If the new variable `bibtex-parse-keys-fast' is non-nil,use fast but simplified algorithm for parsing BibTeX keys.*** The new variables bibtex-expand-strings andbibtex-autokey-expand-strings control the expansion of strings whenextracting the content of a BibTeX field.*** The variables `bibtex-autokey-name-case-convert' and`bibtex-autokey-titleword-case-convert' have been renamed to`bibtex-autokey-name-case-convert-function' and`bibtex-autokey-titleword-case-convert-function'. The old names arestill available as aliases.** GUD changes*** The new package gdb-ui.el provides an enhanced graphical interface toGDB. You can interact with GDB through the GUD buffer in the usual way, butthere are also further buffers which control the execution and describe thestate of your program. It can separate the input/output of your program fromthat of GDB and watches expressions in the speedbar. It also uses features ofEmacs 21/22 such as the toolbar, and bitmaps in the fringe to indicatebreakpoints.To use this package just type M-x gdb. See the Emacs manual if you want theold behavior.*** GUD mode has its own tool bar for controlling execution of the inferiorand other common debugger commands.*** In GUD mode, when talking to GDB, C-x C-a C-j "jumps" the programcounter to the specified source line (the one where point is).*** The variable tooltip-gud-tips-p has been removed. GUD tooltips can now betoggled independently of normal tooltips with the minor mode`gud-tooltip-mode'.*** In graphical mode, with a C program, GUD Tooltips have been extended todisplay the #define directive associated with an identifier when program isnot executing.*** GUD mode improvements for jdb:**** Search for source files using jdb classpath and class information.Fast startup since there is no need to scan all source files up front.There is also no need to create and maintain lists of sourcedirectories to scan. Look at `gud-jdb-use-classpath' and`gud-jdb-classpath' customization variables documentation.**** The previous method of searching for source files has beenpreserved in case someone still wants/needs to use it.Set `gud-jdb-use-classpath' to nil.**** Supports the standard breakpoint (gud-break, gud-clear)set/clear operations from Java source files under the classpath, stacktraversal (gud-up, gud-down), and run until current stack finish(gud-finish).**** Supports new jdb (Java 1.2 and later) in addition to oldjdb(Java 1.1 jdb).*** Added jdb Customization Variables**** `gud-jdb-command-name'. What command line to use to invoke jdb.**** `gud-jdb-use-classpath'. Allows selection of java source file searchingmethod: set to t for new method, nil to scan `gud-jdb-directories' forjava sources (previous method).**** `gud-jdb-directories'. List of directories to scan and search for Javaclasses using the original gud-jdb method (if `gud-jdb-use-classpath'is nil).*** Minor Improvements**** The STARTTLS wrapper (starttls.el) can now use GNUTLSinstead of the OpenSSL based `starttls' tool. For backwardscompatibility, it prefers `starttls', but you can toggle`starttls-use-gnutls' to switch to GNUTLS (or simply remove the`starttls' tool).**** Do not allow debugger output history variable to grow without bounds.** Lisp mode changes*** Lisp mode now uses `font-lock-doc-face' for doc strings.*** C-u C-M-q in Emacs Lisp mode pretty-prints the list after point.*** New features in evaluation commands**** The function `eval-defun' (C-M-x) called on defface reinitializesthe face to the value specified in the defface expression.**** Typing C-x C-e twice prints the value of the integer resultin additional formats (octal, hexadecimal, character) specifiedby the new function `eval-expression-print-format'. The samefunction also defines the result format for `eval-expression' (M-:),`eval-print-last-sexp' (C-j) and some edebug evaluation functions.** Changes to cmuscheme*** Emacs now offers to start Scheme if the user tries toevaluate a Scheme expression but no Scheme subprocess is running.*** If the file ~/.emacs_NAME or ~/.emacs.d/init_NAME.scm (where NAMEis the name of the Scheme interpreter) exists, its contents are sentto the Scheme subprocess upon startup.*** There are new commands to instruct the Scheme interpreter to traceprocedure calls (`scheme-trace-procedure') and to expand syntactic forms(`scheme-expand-current-form'). The commands actually sent to the Schemesubprocess are controlled by the user options `scheme-trace-command',`scheme-untrace-command' and `scheme-expand-current-form'.** Ewoc changes*** The new function `ewoc-delete' deletes specified nodes.*** `ewoc-create' now takes optional arg NOSEP, which inhibits insertion ofa newline after each pretty-printed entry and after the header and footer.This allows you to create multiple-entry ewocs on a single line and toeffect "invisible" nodes by arranging for the pretty-printer to not printanything for those nodes.For example, these two sequences of expressions behave identically:;; NOSEP nil(defun PP (data) (insert (format "%S" data)))(ewoc-create 'PP "start\n");; NOSEP t(defun PP (data) (insert (format "%S\n" data)))(ewoc-create 'PP "start\n\n" "\n" t)** CC mode changes*** The CC Mode manual has been extensively revised.The information about using CC Mode has been separated from the largerand more difficult chapters about configuration.*** New Minor Modes**** Electric Minor Mode toggles the electric action of non-alphabetic keys.The new command c-toggle-electric-mode is bound to C-c C-l. Turning themode off can be helpful for editing chaotically indented code and forusers new to CC Mode, who sometimes find electric indentationdisconcerting. Its current state is displayed in the mode line with an'l', e.g. "C/al".**** Subword Minor Mode makes Emacs recognize word boundaries at upper caseletters in StudlyCapsIdentifiers. You enable this feature by C-c C-w. It canalso be used in non-CC Mode buffers. :-) Contributed by Masatake YAMATO.*** Support for the AWK language.Support for the AWK language has been introduced. The implementation isbased around GNU AWK version 3.1, but it should work pretty well withany AWK. As yet, not all features of CC Mode have been adapted for AWK.Here is a summary:**** Indentation EngineThe CC Mode indentation engine fully supports AWK mode.AWK mode handles code formatted in the conventional AWK fashion: `{'swhich start actions, user-defined functions, or compound statements areplaced on the same line as the associated construct; the matching `}'sare normally placed under the start of the respective pattern, functiondefinition, or structured statement.The predefined line-up functions haven't yet been adapted for AWKmode, though some of them may work serendipitously. There shouldn'tbe any problems writing custom indentation functions for AWK mode.**** Font LockingThere is a single level of font locking in AWK mode, rather than thethree distinct levels the other modes have. There are severalidiosyncrasies in AWK mode's font-locking due to the peculiarities ofthe AWK language itself.**** Comment and Movement CommandsThese commands all work for AWK buffers. The notion of "defun" hasbeen augmented to include AWK pattern-action pairs - the standard"defun" commands on key sequences C-M-a, C-M-e, and C-M-h use thisextended definition.**** "awk" style, Auto-newline Insertion and Clean-upsA new style, "awk" has been introduced, and this is now the defaultstyle for AWK code. With auto-newline enabled, the clean-upc-one-liner-defun (see above) is useful.*** Font lock support.CC Mode now provides font lock support for all its languages. Thissupersedes the font lock patterns that have been in the core font lockpackage for C, C++, Java and Objective-C. Like indentation, fontlocking is done in a uniform way across all languages (except the newAWK mode - see below). That means that the new font locking will bedifferent from the old patterns in various details for most languages.The main goal of the font locking in CC Mode is accuracy, to provide adependable aid in recognizing the various constructs. Some, likestrings and comments, are easy to recognize while others likedeclarations and types can be very tricky. CC Mode can go to greatlengths to recognize declarations and casts correctly, especially whenthe types aren't recognized by standard patterns. This is a fairlydemanding analysis which can be slow on older hardware, and it cantherefore be disabled by choosing a lower decoration level with thevariable font-lock-maximum-decoration.Note that the most demanding font lock level has been tuned with lazyfontification in mind; Just-In-Time-Lock mode should be enabled forthe highest font lock level (by default, it is). Fontifying a filewith several thousand lines in one go can take the better part of aminute.**** The (c|c++|objc|java|idl|pike)-font-lock-extra-types variablesare now used by CC Mode to recognize identifiers that are certain tobe types. (They are also used in cases that aren't related to fontlocking.) At the maximum decoration level, types are often recognizedproperly anyway, so these variables should be fairly restrictive andnot contain patterns for uncertain types.**** Support for documentation comments.There is a "plugin" system to fontify documentation comments likeJavadoc and the markup within them. It's independent of the hostlanguage, so it's possible to e.g. turn on Javadoc font locking in Cbuffers. See the variable c-doc-comment-style for details.Currently three kinds of doc comment styles are recognized: Sun'sJavadoc, Autodoc (which is used in Pike) and GtkDoc (used in C). (Thelast was contributed by Masatake YAMATO). This is by no means acomplete list of the most common tools; if your doc comment extractorof choice is missing then please drop a note to bug-cc-mode@gnu.org.**** Better handling of C++ templates.As a side effect of the more accurate font locking, C++ templates arenow handled much better. The angle brackets that delimit them aregiven parenthesis syntax so that they can be navigated like otherparens.This also improves indentation of templates, although there still iswork to be done in that area. E.g. it's required that multilinetemplate clauses are written in full and then refontified to berecognized, and the indentation of nested templates is a bit odd andnot as configurable as it ought to be.**** Improved handling of Objective-C and CORBA IDL.Especially the support for Objective-C and IDL has gotten an overhaul.The special "@" declarations in Objective-C are handled correctly.All the keywords used in CORBA IDL, PSDL, and CIDL are recognized andhandled correctly, also wrt indentation.*** Changes in Key Sequences**** c-toggle-auto-hungry-state is no longer bound to C-c C-t.**** c-toggle-hungry-state is no longer bound to C-c C-d.This binding has been taken over by c-hungry-delete-forwards.**** c-toggle-auto-state (C-c C-t) has been renamed to c-toggle-auto-newline.c-toggle-auto-state remains as an alias.**** The new commands c-hungry-backspace and c-hungry-delete-forwardshave key bindings C-c C-DEL (or C-c DEL, for the benefit of TTYs) andC-c C-d (or C-c C-<delete> or C-c <delete>) respectively. Thesecommands delete entire blocks of whitespace with a singlekey-sequence. [N.B. "DEL" is the <backspace> key.]**** The new command c-toggle-electric-mode is bound to C-c C-l.**** The new command c-subword-mode is bound to C-c C-w.*** C-c C-s (`c-show-syntactic-information') now highlights the anchorposition(s).*** New syntactic symbols in IDL mode.The top level constructs "module" and "composition" (from CIDL) arenow handled like "namespace" in C++: They are given syntactic symbolsmodule-open, module-close, inmodule, composition-open,composition-close, and incomposition.*** New functions to do hungry delete without enabling hungry delete mode.The new functions `c-hungry-backspace' and `c-hungry-delete-forward'provide hungry deletion without having to toggle a mode. They arebound to C-c C-DEL and C-c C-d (and several variants, for the benefitof different keyboard setups. See "Changes in key sequences" above).*** Better control over `require-final-newline'.The variable `c-require-final-newline' specifies which of the modesimplemented by CC mode should insert final newlines. Its value is alist of modes, and only those modes should do it. By default the listincludes C, C++ and Objective-C modes.Whichever modes are in this list will set `require-final-newline'based on `mode-require-final-newline'.*** Format change for syntactic context elements.The elements in the syntactic context returned by `c-guess-basic-syntax'and stored in `c-syntactic-context' has been changed somewhat to allowattaching more information. They are now lists instead of single conscells. E.g. a line that previously had the syntactic analysis((inclass . 11) (topmost-intro . 13))is now analyzed as((inclass 11) (topmost-intro 13))In some cases there are more than one position given for a syntacticsymbol.This change might affect code that calls `c-guess-basic-syntax'directly, and custom lineup functions if they use`c-syntactic-context'. However, the argument given to lineupfunctions is still a single cons cell with nil or an integer in thecdr.*** API changes for derived modes.There have been extensive changes "under the hood" which can affectderived mode writers. Some of these changes are likely to causeincompatibilities with existing derived modes, but on the other handcare has now been taken to make it possible to extend and modify CCMode with less risk of such problems in the future.**** New language variable system.These are variables whose values vary between CC Mode's differentlanguages. See the comment blurb near the top of cc-langs.el.**** New initialization functions.The initialization procedure has been split up into more functions togive better control: `c-basic-common-init', `c-font-lock-init', and`c-init-language-vars'.*** Changes in analysis of nested syntactic constructs.The syntactic analysis engine has better handling of cases whereseveral syntactic constructs appear nested on the same line. They arenow handled as if each construct started on a line of its own.This means that CC Mode now indents some cases differently, andalthough it's more consistent there might be cases where the old waygave results that's more to one's liking. So if you find a situationwhere you think that the indentation has become worse, please reportit to bug-cc-mode@gnu.org.**** New syntactic symbol substatement-label.This symbol is used when a label is inserted between a statement andits substatement. E.g: if (x) x_is_true: do_stuff();*** Better handling of multiline macros.**** Syntactic indentation inside macros.The contents of multiline #define's are now analyzed and indentedsyntactically just like other code. This can be disabled by the newvariable `c-syntactic-indentation-in-macros'. A new syntactic symbol`cpp-define-intro' has been added to control the initial indentationinside `#define's.**** New lineup function `c-lineup-cpp-define'.Now used by default to line up macro continuation lines. The behaviorof this function closely mimics the indentation one gets if the macrois indented while the line continuation backslashes are temporarilyremoved. If syntactic indentation in macros is turned off, it worksmuch line `c-lineup-dont-change', which was used earlier, but handlesempty lines within the macro better.**** Automatically inserted newlines continues the macro if used within one.This applies to the newlines inserted by the auto-newline mode, and to`c-context-line-break' and `c-context-open-line'.**** Better alignment of line continuation backslashes.`c-backslash-region' tries to adapt to surrounding backslashes. Newvariable `c-backslash-max-column' puts a limit on how far outbackslashes can be moved.**** Automatic alignment of line continuation backslashes.This is controlled by the new variable `c-auto-align-backslashes'. Itaffects `c-context-line-break', `c-context-open-line' and newlinesinserted in Auto-Newline mode.**** Line indentation works better inside macros.Regardless whether syntactic indentation and syntactic indentationinside macros are enabled or not, line indentation now ignores theline continuation backslashes. This is most noticeable when syntacticindentation is turned off and there are empty lines (save for thebackslash) in the macro.*** indent-for-comment is more customizable.The behavior of M-; (indent-for-comment) is now configurable throughthe variable `c-indent-comment-alist'. The indentation behavior isbased on the preceding code on the line, e.g. to get two spaces after#else and #endif but indentation to `comment-column' in most othercases (something which was hardcoded earlier).*** New function `c-context-open-line'.It's the open-line equivalent of `c-context-line-break'.*** New clean-ups**** `comment-close-slash'.With this clean-up, a block (i.e. c-style) comment can be terminated bytyping a slash at the start of a line.**** `c-one-liner-defun'This clean-up compresses a short enough defun (for example, an AWKpattern/action pair) onto a single line. "Short enough" is configurable.*** New lineup functions**** `c-lineup-string-cont'This lineup function lines up a continued string under the one itcontinues. E.g:result = prefix + "A message " "string."; <- c-lineup-string-cont**** `c-lineup-cascaded-calls'Lines up series of calls separated by "->" or ".".**** `c-lineup-knr-region-comment'Gives (what most people think is) better indentation of comments inthe "K&R region" between the function header and its body.**** `c-lineup-gcc-asm-reg'Provides better indentation inside asm blocks.**** `c-lineup-argcont'Lines up continued function arguments after the preceding comma.*** Added toggle for syntactic indentation.The function `c-toggle-syntactic-indentation' can be used to togglesyntactic indentation.*** Better caching of the syntactic context.CC Mode caches the positions of the opening parentheses (of any kind)of the lists surrounding the point. Those positions are used in manyplaces as anchor points for various searches. The cache is nowimproved so that it can be reused to a large extent when the point ismoved. The less it moves, the less needs to be recalculated.The effect is that CC Mode should be fast most of the time even whenopening parens are hung (i.e. aren't in column zero). It's typicallyonly the first time after the point is moved far down in a complexfile that it'll take noticeable time to find out the syntacticcontext.*** Statements are recognized in a more robust way.Statements are recognized most of the time even when they occur in an"invalid" context, e.g. in a function argument. In practice that canhappen when macros are involved.*** Improved the way `c-indent-exp' chooses the block to indent.It now indents the block for the closest sexp following the pointwhose closing paren ends on a different line. This means that thepoint doesn't have to be immediately before the block to indent.Also, only the block and the closing line is indented; the currentline is left untouched.** Changes in Makefile mode*** Makefile mode has submodes for automake, gmake, makepp, BSD make and imake.The former two couldn't be differentiated before, and the latter threeare new. Font-locking is robust now and offers new customizablefaces.*** The variable `makefile-query-one-target-method' has been renamedto `makefile-query-one-target-method-function'. The old name is stillavailable as alias.** Sql changes*** The variable `sql-product' controls the highlighting of differentSQL dialects. This variable can be set globally via Customize, on abuffer-specific basis via local variable settings, or for the currentsession using the new SQL->Product submenu. (This menu replaces theSQL->Highlighting submenu.)The following values are supported: ansi ANSI Standard (default) db2 DB2 informix Informix ingres Ingres interbase Interbase linter Linter ms Microsoft mysql MySQL oracle Oracle postgres Postgres solid Solid sqlite SQLite sybase SybaseThe current product name will be shown on the mode line following theSQL mode indicator.The technique of setting `sql-mode-font-lock-defaults' directly inyour `.emacs' will no longer establish the default highlighting -- Use`sql-product' to accomplish this.ANSI keywords are always highlighted.*** The function `sql-add-product-keywords' can be used to addfont-lock rules to the product specific rules. For example, to haveall identifiers ending in `_t' under MS SQLServer treated as a type,you would use the following line in your .emacs file: (sql-add-product-keywords 'ms '(("\\<\\w+_t\\>" . font-lock-type-face)))*** Oracle support includes keyword highlighting for Oracle 9i.Most SQL and PL/SQL keywords are implemented. SQL*Plus commands arehighlighted in `font-lock-doc-face'.*** Microsoft SQLServer support has been significantly improved.Keyword highlighting for SqlServer 2000 is implemented.sql-interactive-mode defaults to use osql, rather than isql, becauseosql flushes its error stream more frequently. Thus error messagesare displayed when they occur rather than when the session isterminated.If the username and password are not provided to `sql-ms', osql iscalled with the `-E' command line argument to use the operating systemcredentials to authenticate the user.*** Postgres support is enhanced.Keyword highlighting of Postgres 7.3 is implemented. Prompting forthe username and the pgsql `-U' option is added.*** MySQL support is enhanced.Keyword highlighting of MySql 4.0 is implemented.*** Imenu support has been enhanced to locate tables, views, indexes,packages, procedures, functions, triggers, sequences, rules, anddefaults.*** Added SQL->Start SQLi Session menu entry which calls theappropriate `sql-interactive-mode' wrapper for the current setting of`sql-product'.*** sql.el supports the SQLite interpreter--call 'sql-sqlite'.** Fortran mode changes*** F90 mode and Fortran mode have support for `hs-minor-mode' (hideshow).It cannot deal with every code format, but ought to handle a sizeablemajority.*** F90 mode and Fortran mode have new navigation commands`f90-end-of-block', `f90-beginning-of-block', `f90-next-block',`f90-previous-block', `fortran-end-of-block',`fortran-beginning-of-block'.*** Fortran mode does more font-locking by default. Use level 3highlighting for the old default.*** Fortran mode has a new variable `fortran-directive-re'.Adapt this to match the format of any compiler directives you use.Lines that match are never indented, and are given distinctive font-locking.*** The new function `f90-backslash-not-special' can be used to changethe syntax of backslashes in F90 buffers.** Miscellaneous programming mode changes*** In sh-script, a continuation line is only indented if the backslash waspreceded by a SPC or a TAB.*** Perl mode has a new variable `perl-indent-continued-arguments'.*** The old Octave mode bindings C-c f and C-c i have been changedto C-c C-f and C-c C-i. The C-c C-i subcommands now have duplicatebindings on control characters--thus, C-c C-i C-b is the same asC-c C-i b, and so on.*** Prolog mode has a new variable `prolog-font-lock-keywords'to support use of font-lock.** VC Changes*** New backends for Subversion and Meta-CVS.*** The new variable `vc-cvs-global-switches' specifies switches thatare passed to any CVS command invoked by VC.These switches are used as "global options" for CVS, which means theyare inserted before the command name. For example, this allows you tospecify a compression level using the `-z#' option for CVS.*** The key C-x C-q only changes the read-only state of the buffer(toggle-read-only). It no longer checks files in or out.We made this change because we held a poll and found that many userswere unhappy with the previous behavior. If you do prefer thisbehavior, you can bind `vc-toggle-read-only' to C-x C-q in your`.emacs' file: (global-set-key "\C-x\C-q" 'vc-toggle-read-only)The function `vc-toggle-read-only' will continue to exist.*** VC-Annotate mode enhancementsIn VC-Annotate mode, you can now use the following key bindings forenhanced functionality to browse the annotations of past revisions, orto view diffs or log entries directly from vc-annotate-mode: P: annotates the previous revision N: annotates the next revision J: annotates the revision at line A: annotates the revision previous to line D: shows the diff of the revision at line with its previous revision L: shows the log of the revision at line W: annotates the workfile (most up to date) version** pcl-cvs changes*** In pcl-cvs mode, there is a new `d y' command to view the diffsbetween the local version of the file and yesterday's head revisionin the repository.*** In pcl-cvs mode, there is a new `d r' command to view the changesanyone has committed to the repository since you last executed`checkout', `update' or `commit'. That means using cvs diff options-rBASE -rHEAD.** Diff changes*** M-x diff uses Diff mode instead of Compilation mode.*** Diff mode key bindings changed.These are the new bindings:C-c C-e diff-ediff-patch (old M-A)C-c C-n diff-restrict-view (old M-r)C-c C-r diff-reverse-direction (old M-R)C-c C-u diff-context->unified (old M-U)C-c C-w diff-refine-hunk (old C-c C-r)To convert unified to context format, use C-u C-c C-u.In addition, C-c C-u now operates on the regionin Transient Mark mode when the mark is active.** EDiff changes.*** When comparing directories.Typing D brings up a buffer that lists the differences between the contents ofdirectories. Now it is possible to use this buffer to copy the missing filesfrom one directory to another.*** When comparing files or buffers.Typing the = key now offers to perform the word-by-word comparison of thecurrently highlighted regions in an inferior Ediff session. If you answer 'n'then it reverts to the old behavior and asks the user to select regions forcomparison.*** The new command `ediff-backup' compares a file with its most recentbackup using `ediff'. If you specify the name of a backup file,`ediff-backup' compares it with the file of which it is a backup.** Etags changes.*** New regular expressions features**** New syntax for regular expressions, multi-line regular expressions.The syntax --ignore-case-regexp=/regex/ is now undocumented and retainedonly for backward compatibility. The new equivalent syntax is--regex=/regex/i. More generally, it is --regex=/TAGREGEX/TAGNAME/MODS,where `/TAGNAME' is optional, as usual, and MODS is a string of 0 ormore characters among `i' (ignore case), `m' (multi-line) and `s'(single-line). The `m' and `s' modifiers behave as in Perl regularexpressions: `m' allows regexps to match more than one line, while `s'(which implies `m') means that `.' matches newlines. The ability tospan newlines allows writing of much more powerful regular expressionsand rapid prototyping for tagging new languages.**** Regular expressions can use char escape sequences as in GCC.The escaped character sequence \a, \b, \d, \e, \f, \n, \r, \t, \v,respectively, stand for the ASCII characters BEL, BS, DEL, ESC, FF, NL,CR, TAB, VT.**** Regular expressions can be bound to a given language.The syntax --regex={LANGUAGE}REGEX means that REGEX is used to make tagsonly for files of language LANGUAGE, and ignored otherwise. This isparticularly useful when storing regexps in a file.**** Regular expressions can be read from a file.The --regex=@regexfile option means read the regexps from a file, oneper line. Lines beginning with space or tab are ignored.*** New language parsing features**** New language HTML.Tags are generated for `title' as well as `h1', `h2', and `h3'. Also,when `name=' is used inside an anchor and whenever `id=' is used.**** New language PHP.Functions, classes and defines are tags. If the --members option isspecified to etags, variables are tags also.**** New language Lua.All functions are tagged.**** The `::' qualifier triggers C++ parsing in C file.Previously, only the `template' and `class' keywords had this effect.**** The GCC __attribute__ keyword is now recognized and ignored.**** In C and derived languages, etags creates tags for #undef**** In Makefiles, constants are tagged.If you want the old behavior instead, thus avoiding to increase thesize of the tags file, use the --no-globals option.**** In Perl, packages are tags.Subroutine tags are named from their package. You can jump to sub tagsas you did before, by the sub name, or additionally by looking forpackage::sub.**** In Prolog, etags creates tags for rules in addition to predicates.**** New default keywords for TeX.The new keywords are def, newcommand, renewcommand, newenvironment andrenewenvironment.*** Honor #line directives.When Etags parses an input file that contains C preprocessor's #linedirectives, it creates tags using the file name and line numberspecified in those directives. This is useful when dealing with codecreated from Cweb source files. When Etags tags the generated file, itwrites tags pointing to the source file.*** New option --parse-stdin=FILE.This option is mostly useful when calling etags from programs. It canbe used (only once) in place of a file name on the command line. Etagsreads from standard input and marks the produced tags as belonging tothe file FILE.** Ctags changes.*** Ctags now allows duplicate tags** Rmail changes*** Support for `movemail' from GNU mailutils was added to Rmail.This version of `movemail' allows you to read mail from a wide range ofmailbox formats, including remote POP3 and IMAP4 mailboxes with orwithout TLS encryption. If GNU mailutils is installed on the systemand its version of `movemail' can be found in exec-path, it will beused instead of the native one.*** The new commands rmail-end-of-message and rmail-summary end-of-message,by default bound to `/', go to the end of the current mail message inRmail and Rmail summary buffers.*** Rmail now displays 5-digit message ids in its summary buffer.** Gnus package*** Gnus now includes Sieve and PGGSieve is a library for managing Sieve scripts. PGG is a library to handlePGP/MIME.*** There are many news features, bug fixes and improvements.See the file GNUS-NEWS or the node "Oort Gnus" in the Gnus manual for details.** MH-E changes.Upgraded to MH-E version 8.0.3. There have been major changes sinceversion 5.0.2; see MH-E-NEWS for details.** Miscellaneous mail changes*** The new variable `mail-default-directory' specifies`default-directory' for mail buffers. This directory is used forauto-save files of mail buffers. It defaults to "~/".*** The mode line can indicate new mail in a directory or file.See the documentation of the user option `display-time-mail-directory'.** Calendar changes*** There is a new calendar package, icalendar.el, that can be used toconvert Emacs diary entries to/from the iCalendar format.*** The new package cal-html.el writes HTML files with calendar anddiary entries.*** The new functions `diary-from-outlook', `diary-from-outlook-gnus',and `diary-from-outlook-rmail' can be used to import diary entriesfrom Outlook-format appointments in mail messages. The variable`diary-outlook-formats' can be customized to recognize additionalformats.*** The procedure for activating appointment reminders has changed:use the new function `appt-activate'. The new variable`appt-display-format' controls how reminders are displayed, replacing`appt-issue-message', `appt-visible', and `appt-msg-window'.*** The function `simple-diary-display' now by default sets a header line.This can be controlled through the variables `diary-header-line-flag'and `diary-header-line-format'.*** Diary sexp entries can have custom marking in the calendar.Diary sexp functions which only apply to certain days (such as`diary-block' or `diary-cyclic') now take an optional parameter MARK,which is the name of a face or a single-character string indicatinghow to highlight the day in the calendar display. Specifying asingle-character string as @var{mark} places the character next to theday in the calendar. Specifying a face highlights the day with thatface. This lets you have different colors or markings for vacations,appointments, paydays or anything else using a sexp.*** The meanings of C-x < and C-x > have been interchanged.< means to scroll backward in time, and > means to scroll forward.*** You can now use < and >, instead of C-x < and C-x >, to scrollthe calendar left or right.*** The new function `calendar-goto-day-of-year' (g D) prompts for ayear and day number, and moves to that date. Negative day numberscount backward from the end of the year.*** The new Calendar function `calendar-goto-iso-week' (g w)prompts for a year and a week number, and moves to the firstday of that ISO week.*** The functions `holiday-easter-etc' and `holiday-advent' now takeoptional arguments, in order to only report on the specified holidayrather than all. This makes customization of variables such as`christian-holidays' simpler.*** The new variable `calendar-minimum-window-height' affects thewindow generated by the function `generate-calendar-window'.** Speedbar changes*** Speedbar items can now be selected by clicking mouse-1, based onthe `mouse-1-click-follows-link' mechanism.*** The new command `speedbar-toggle-line-expansion', bound to SPC,contracts or expands the line under the cursor.*** New command `speedbar-create-directory', bound to `M'.*** The new commands `speedbar-expand-line-descendants' and`speedbar-contract-line-descendants', bound to `[' and `]'respectively, expand and contract the line under cursor with all ofits descendents.*** The new user option `speedbar-use-tool-tips-flag', if non-nil,means to display tool-tips for speedbar items.*** The new user option `speedbar-query-confirmation-method' controlshow querying is performed for file operations. A value of 'alwaysmeans to always query before file operations; 'none-but-delete meansto not query before any file operations, except before a filedeletion.*** The new user option `speedbar-select-frame-method' specifies howto select a frame for displaying a file opened with the speedbar. Avalue of 'attached means to use the attached frame (the frame thatspeedbar was started from.) A number such as 1 or -1 means to passthat number to `other-frame'.*** SPC and DEL are no longer bound to scroll up/down in the speedbarkeymap.*** The frame management code in speedbar.el has been split into a new`dframe' library. Emacs Lisp code that makes use of the speedbarshould use `dframe-attached-frame' instead of`speedbar-attached-frame', `dframe-timer' instead of `speedbar-timer',`dframe-close-frame' instead of `speedbar-close-frame', and`dframe-activity-change-focus-flag' instead of`speedbar-activity-change-focus-flag'. The variables`speedbar-update-speed' and `speedbar-navigating-speed' are alsoobsolete; use `dframe-update-speed' instead.** battery.el changes*** display-battery-mode replaces display-battery.*** battery.el now works on recent versions of OS X.** Games*** The game `mpuz' is enhanced.`mpuz' now allows the 2nd factor not to have two identical digits. Bydefault, all trivial operations involving whole lines are performedautomatically. The game uses faces for better visual feedback.** Obsolete and deleted packages*** fast-lock.el and lazy-lock.el are obsolete. Use jit-lock.el instead.*** iso-acc.el is now obsolete. Use one of the latin input methods instead.*** zone-mode.el is now obsolete. Use dns-mode.el instead.*** cplus-md.el has been deleted.** Miscellaneous*** The variable `woman-topic-at-point' is renamedto `woman-use-topic-at-point' and behaves differently: if thisvariable is non-nil, the `woman' command uses the word at pointautomatically, without asking for a confirmation. Otherwise, the wordat point is suggested as default, but not inserted at the prompt.*** You can now customize `fill-nobreak-predicate' to control wherefilling can break lines. The value is now normally a list offunctions, but it can also be a single function, for compatibility.Emacs provide two predicates, `fill-single-word-nobreak-p' and`fill-french-nobreak-p', for use as the value of`fill-nobreak-predicate'.*** M-x view-file and commands that use it now avoid interferingwith special modes such as Tar mode.*** `global-whitespace-mode' is a new alias for `whitespace-global-mode'.*** The saveplace.el package now filters out unreadable files.When you exit Emacs, the saved positions in visited files no longerinclude files that aren't readable, e.g. files that don't exist.Customize the new option `save-place-forget-unreadable-files' to nilto get the old behavior. The new options `save-place-save-skipped'and `save-place-skip-check-regexp' allow further fine-tuning of thisfeature.*** Commands `winner-redo' and `winner-undo', from winner.el, are nowbound to C-c <left> and C-c <right>, respectively. This is anincompatible change.*** The type-break package now allows `type-break-file-name' to be niland if so, doesn't store any data across sessions. This is handy ifyou don't want the `.type-break' file in your home directory or areannoyed by the need for interaction when you kill Emacs.*** `ps-print' can now print characters from the mule-unicode charsets.Printing text with characters from the mule-unicode-* sets works with`ps-print', provided that you have installed the appropriate BDFfonts. See the file INSTALL for URLs where you can find these fonts.*** New command `strokes-global-set-stroke-string'.This is like `strokes-global-set-stroke', but it allows you to bindthe stroke directly to a string to insert. This is convenient forusing strokes as an input method.*** In Outline mode, `hide-body' no longer hides lines at the topof the file that precede the first header line.*** `hide-ifdef-mode' now uses overlays rather than selective-displayto hide its text. This should be mostly transparent but slightlychanges the behavior of motion commands like C-e and C-p.*** In Artist mode the variable `artist-text-renderer' has beenrenamed to `artist-text-renderer-function'. The old name is stillavailable as alias.*** In Enriched mode, `set-left-margin' and `set-right-margin' are nowby default bound to `C-c [' and `C-c ]' instead of the former `C-c C-l'and `C-c C-r'.*** `partial-completion-mode' now handles partial completion on directory names.*** You can now disable pc-selection-mode after enabling it.M-x pc-selection-mode behaves like a proper minor mode, and with noargument it toggles the mode. Turning off PC-Selection mode restoresthe global key bindings that were replaced by turning on the mode.*** `uniquify-strip-common-suffix' tells uniquify to prefer`file|dir1' and `file|dir2' to `file|dir1/subdir' and `file|dir2/subdir'.*** New user option `add-log-always-start-new-record'.When this option is enabled, M-x add-change-log-entry alwaysstarts a new record regardless of when the last record is.*** M-x compare-windows now can automatically skip non-matching text toresync points in both windows.*** PO translation files are decoded according to their MIME headerswhen Emacs visits them.*** Telnet now prompts you for a port number with C-u M-x telnet.*** calculator.el now has radix grouping mode.To enable this, set `calculator-output-radix' non-nil. In this mode aseparator character is used every few digits, making it easier to seebyte boundaries etc. For more info, see the documentation of thevariable `calculator-radix-grouping-mode'.*** LDAP support now defaults to ldapsearch from OpenLDAP version 2.*** The terminal emulation code in term.el has been improved; it canrun most curses applications now.*** Support for `magic cookie' standout modes has been removed.Emacs still works on terminals that require magic cookies in order touse standout mode, but they can no longer display mode-lines ininverse-video.* Changes in Emacs 22.1 on non-free operating systems** The HOME directory defaults to Application Data under the user profile.If you used a previous version of Emacs without setting the HOMEenvironment variable and a `.emacs' was saved, then Emacs will continueusing C:/ as the default HOME. But if you are installing Emacs afresh,the default location will be the "Application Data" (or similarlocalized name) subdirectory of your user profile. A typical locationof this directory is "C:\Documents and Settings\USERNAME\Application Data",where USERNAME is your user name.This change means that users can now have their own `.emacs' files onshared computers, and the default HOME directory is less likely to beread-only on computers that are administered by someone else.** Images are now supported on MS Windows.PBM and XBM images are supported out of the box. Other image formatsdepend on external libraries. All of these libraries have been portedto Windows, and can be found in both source and binary form athttp://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/. Note that libpng also depends onzlib, and tiff depends on the version of jpeg that it was compiledagainst. For additional information, see nt/INSTALL.** Sound is now supported on MS Windows.WAV format is supported on all versions of Windows, other formats suchas AU, AIFF and MP3 may be supported in the more recent versions ofWindows, or when other software provides hooks into the system levelsound support for those formats.** Tooltips now work on MS Windows.See the Emacs 21.1 NEWS entry for tooltips for details.** Pointing devices with more than 3 buttons are now supported on MS Windows.The new variable `w32-pass-extra-mouse-buttons-to-system' controlswhether Emacs should handle the extra buttons itself (the default), orpass them to Windows to be handled with system-wide functions.** Passing resources on the command line now works on MS Windows.You can use --xrm to pass resource settings to Emacs, overriding anyexisting values. For example: emacs --xrm "Emacs.Background:red" --xrm "Emacs.Geometry:100x20"will start up Emacs on an initial frame of 100x20 with red background,irrespective of geometry or background setting on the Windows registry.** Emacs takes note of colors defined in Control Panel on MS-Windows.The Control Panel defines some default colors for applications in muchthe same way as wildcard X Resources do on X. Emacs now adds thesecolors to the colormap prefixed by System (eg SystemMenu for thedefault Menu background, SystemMenuText for the foreground), and usessome of them to initialize some of the default faces.`list-colors-display' shows the list of System color names, in caseyou wish to use them in other faces.** Running in a console window in Windows now uses the console size.Previous versions of Emacs erred on the side of having a usable Emacsthrough telnet, even though that was inconvenient if you use Emacs ina local console window with a scrollback buffer. The default value ofw32-use-full-screen-buffer is now nil, which favors local consolewindows. Recent versions of Windows telnet also work well with thissetting. If you are using an older telnet server then Emacs detectsthat the console window dimensions that are reported are not sane, anddefaults to 80x25. If you use such a telnet server regularly at a sizeother than 80x25, you can still manually setw32-use-full-screen-buffer to t.** Different shaped mouse pointers are supported on MS Windows.The mouse pointer changes shape depending on what is under the pointer.** On MS Windows, the "system caret" now follows the cursor.This enables Emacs to work better with programs that need to track thecursor, for example screen magnifiers and text to speech programs.When such a program is in use, the system caret is made visibleinstead of Emacs drawing its own cursor. This seems to be required bysome programs. The new variable w32-use-visible-system-caret allowsthe caret visibility to be manually toggled.** On MS Windows NT/W2K/XP, Emacs uses Unicode for clipboard operations.Those systems use Unicode internally, so this allows Emacs to sharemultilingual text with other applications. On other versions ofMS Windows, Emacs now uses the appropriate locale coding-system, sothe clipboard should work correctly for your local language withoutany customizations.** On Mac OS, `keyboard-coding-system' changes based on the keyboard script.** The variable `mac-keyboard-text-encoding' and the constants`kTextEncodingMacRoman', `kTextEncodingISOLatin1', and`kTextEncodingISOLatin2' are obsolete.** The variable `mac-command-key-is-meta' is obsolete. Use`mac-command-modifier' and `mac-option-modifier' instead.* Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 22.1** Mode line display ignores text properties as well as the:propertize and :eval forms in the value of a variable whose`risky-local-variable' property is nil.The function `comint-send-input' now accepts 3 optional arguments: (comint-send-input &optional no-newline artificial)Callers sending input not from the user should use bind the 3rdargument `artificial' to a non-nil value, to prevent Emacs fromdeleting the part of subprocess output that matches the input.** The `read-file-name' function now returns a null string if theuser just types RET.** The variables post-command-idle-hook and post-command-idle-delay havebeen removed. Use run-with-idle-timer instead.** A hex or octal escape in a string constant forces the string tobe multibyte or unibyte, respectively.** The explicit method of creating a display table element bycombining a face number and a character code into a numericglyph code is deprecated.Instead, the new functions `make-glyph-code', `glyph-char', and`glyph-face' must be used to create and decode glyph codes indisplay tables.** `suppress-keymap' now works by remapping `self-insert-command' tothe command `undefined'. (In earlier Emacs versions, it used`substitute-key-definition' to rebind self inserting characters to`undefined'.)** The third argument of `accept-process-output' is now milliseconds.It used to be microseconds.** The function find-operation-coding-system may be called with a cons(FILENAME . BUFFER) in the second argument if the first argumentOPERATION is `insert-file-contents', and thus a function registered in`file-coding-system-alist' is also called with such an argument.** When Emacs receives a USR1 or USR2 signal, this generatesinput events: sigusr1 or sigusr2. Use special-event-map tohandle these events.** The variable `memory-full' now remains t untilthere is no longer a shortage of memory.** Support for Mocklisp has been removed.* Lisp Changes in Emacs 22.1** General Lisp changes:*** New syntax: \s now stands for the SPACE character.`?\s' is a new way to write the space character. You must make sureit is not followed by a dash, since `?\s-...' indicates the "super"modifier. However, it would be strange to write a character constantand a following symbol (beginning with `-') with no space betweenthem.`\s' stands for space in strings, too, but it is not really meant forstrings; it is easier and nicer just to write a space.*** New syntax: \uXXXX and \UXXXXXXXX specify Unicode code points in hex.For instance, you can use "\u0428" to specify a string consisting ofCYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHA, or `"U0001D6E2" to specify one consistingof MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL ALPHA (the latter is greater than#xFFFF and thus needs the longer syntax).This syntax works for both character constants and strings.*** New function `unsafep' determines whether a Lisp form is safe.It returns nil if the given Lisp form can't possibly do anythingdangerous; otherwise it returns a reason why the form might be unsafe(calls unknown function, alters global variable, etc.).*** The function `eql' is now available without requiring the CL package.*** The new function `memql' is like `memq', but uses `eql' for comparison,that is, floats are compared by value and other elements with `eq'.*** New functions `string-or-null-p' and `booleanp'.`string-or-null-p' returns non-nil if OBJECT is a string or nil.`booleanp' returns non-nil if OBJECT is t or nil.*** `makehash' is now obsolete. Use `make-hash-table' instead.*** Minor change in the function `format'.Some flags that were accepted but not implemented (such as "*") are nolonger accepted.*** `add-to-list' takes an optional third argument, APPEND.If APPEND is non-nil, the new element gets added at the end of thelist instead of at the beginning. This change actually occurred inEmacs 21.1, but was not documented then.*** New function `add-to-ordered-list' is like `add-to-list' butassociates a numeric ordering of each element added to the list.*** New function `add-to-history' adds an element to a history list.Lisp packages should use this function to add elements to theirhistory lists.If `history-delete-duplicates' is non-nil, it removes duplicates ofthe new element from the history list it updates.*** New function `copy-tree' makes a copy of a tree.It recursively copies through both CARs and CDRs.*** New function `delete-dups' deletes `equal' duplicate elements from a list.It modifies the list destructively, like `delete'. Of several `equal'occurrences of an element in the list, the one that's kept is thefirst one.*** New function `rassq-delete-all'.(rassq-delete-all VALUE ALIST) deletes, from ALIST, each element whoseCDR is `eq' to the specified value.*** Functions `get' and `plist-get' no longer give errors for bad plists.They return nil for a malformed property list or if the list iscyclic.*** New functions `lax-plist-get' and `lax-plist-put'.They are like `plist-get' and `plist-put', except that they comparethe property name using `equal' rather than `eq'.*** The function `number-sequence' makes a list of equally-separated numbers.For instance, (number-sequence 4 9) returns (4 5 6 7 8 9). Bydefault, the separation is 1, but you can specify a differentseparation as the third argument. (number-sequence 1.5 6 2) returns(1.5 3.5 5.5).*** New variables `most-positive-fixnum' and `most-negative-fixnum'.They hold the largest and smallest possible integer values.*** The function `expt' handles negative exponents differently.The value for `(expt A B)', if both A and B are integers and B isnegative, is now a float. For example: (expt 2 -2) => 0.25.*** The function `atan' now accepts an optional second argument.When called with 2 arguments, as in `(atan Y X)', `atan' returns theangle in radians between the vector [X, Y] and the X axis. (This isequivalent to the standard C library function `atan2'.)*** New macro `with-case-table'This executes the body with the case table temporarily set to a givencase table.*** New macro `with-local-quit' temporarily allows quitting.A quit inside the body of `with-local-quit' is caught by the`with-local-quit' form itself, but another quit will happen later oncethe code that has inhibited quitting exits.This is for use around potentially blocking or long-running codeinside timer functions and `post-command-hook' functions.*** New macro `define-obsolete-function-alias'.This combines `defalias' and `make-obsolete'.*** New macro `eval-at-startup' specifies expressions toevaluate when Emacs starts up. If this is done after startup,it evaluates those expressions immediately.This is useful in packages that can be preloaded.*** New function `macroexpand-all' expands all macros in a form.It is similar to the Common-Lisp function of the same name.One difference is that it guarantees to return the original argumentif no expansion is done, which can be tested using `eq'.*** A function or macro's doc string can now specify the calling pattern.You put this info in the doc string's last line. It should beformatted so as to match the regexp "\n\n(fn .*)\\'". If you don'tspecify this explicitly, Emacs determines it from the actual argumentnames. Usually that default is right, but not always.*** New variable `print-continuous-numbering'.When this is non-nil, successive calls to print functions use a singlenumbering scheme for circular structure references. This is onlyrelevant when `print-circle' is non-nil.When you bind `print-continuous-numbering' to t, you shouldalso bind `print-number-table' to nil.*** `list-faces-display' takes an optional argument, REGEXP.If it is non-nil, the function lists only faces matching this regexp.*** New hook `command-error-function'.By setting this variable to a function, you can controlhow the editor command loop shows the user an error message.*** `debug-on-entry' accepts primitive functions that are not special forms.** Lisp code indentation features:*** The `defmacro' form can contain indentation and edebug declarations.These declarations specify how to indent the macro calls in Lisp modeand how to debug them with Edebug. You write them like this: (defmacro NAME LAMBDA-LIST [DOC-STRING] [DECLARATION ...] ...)DECLARATION is a list `(declare DECLARATION-SPECIFIER ...)'. Thepossible declaration specifiers are:(indent INDENT) Set NAME's `lisp-indent-function' property to INDENT.(edebug DEBUG) Set NAME's `edebug-form-spec' property to DEBUG. (This is equivalent to writing a `def-edebug-spec' for the macro, but this is cleaner.)*** cl-indent now allows customization of Indentation of backquoted forms.See the new user option `lisp-backquote-indentation'.*** cl-indent now handles indentation of simple and extended `loop' forms.The new user options `lisp-loop-keyword-indentation',`lisp-loop-forms-indentation', and `lisp-simple-loop-indentation' canbe used to customize the indentation of keywords and forms in loopforms.** Variable aliases:*** New function: defvaralias ALIAS-VAR BASE-VAR [DOCSTRING]This function defines the symbol ALIAS-VAR as a variable alias forsymbol BASE-VAR. This means that retrieving the value of ALIAS-VARreturns the value of BASE-VAR, and changing the value of ALIAS-VARchanges the value of BASE-VAR.DOCSTRING, if present, is the documentation for ALIAS-VAR; else it hasthe same documentation as BASE-VAR.*** The macro `define-obsolete-variable-alias' combines `defvaralias' and`make-obsolete-variable'.*** New function: indirect-variable VARIABLEThis function returns the variable at the end of the chain of aliasesof VARIABLE. If VARIABLE is not a symbol, or if VARIABLE is notdefined as an alias, the function returns VARIABLE.It might be noteworthy that variables aliases work for all kinds ofvariables, including buffer-local and frame-local variables.** defcustom changes:*** The package-version keyword has been added to provide`customize-changed-options' functionality to packages in the future.Developers who make use of this keyword must also update the newvariable `customize-package-emacs-version-alist'.*** The new customization type `float' requires a floating point number.** String changes:*** A hex escape in a string constant forces the string to be multibyte.*** An octal escape in a string constant forces the string to be unibyte.*** New function `string-to-multibyte' converts a unibyte string to amultibyte string with the same individual character codes.*** `split-string' now includes null substrings in the returned list ifthe optional argument SEPARATORS is non-nil and there are matches forSEPARATORS at the beginning or end of the string. If SEPARATORS isnil, or if the new optional third argument OMIT-NULLS is non-nil, allempty matches are omitted from the returned list.*** The new function `assoc-string' replaces `assoc-ignore-case' and`assoc-ignore-representation', which are still available, but havebeen declared obsolete.*** New function `substring-no-properties' returns a substring withouttext properties.** Displaying warnings to the user.See the functions `warn' and `display-warning', or the Lisp Manual.If you want to be sure the warning will not be overlooked, thisfacility is much better than using `message', since it displayswarnings in a separate window.** Progress reporters.These provide a simple and uniform way for commands to presentprogress messages for the user.See the new functions `make-progress-reporter',`progress-reporter-update', `progress-reporter-force-update',`progress-reporter-done', and `dotimes-with-progress-reporter'.** Buffer positions:*** Function `compute-motion' now calculates the usable windowwidth if the WIDTH argument is nil. If the TOPOS argument is nil,the usable window height and width is used.*** The `line-move', `scroll-up', and `scroll-down' functions will nowmodify the window vscroll to scroll through display rows that aretaller that the height of the window, for example in the presence oflarge images. To disable this feature, bind the new variable`auto-window-vscroll' to nil.*** The argument to `forward-word', `backward-word' is optional.It defaults to 1.*** Argument to `forward-to-indentation' and `backward-to-indentation' is optional.It defaults to 1.*** `field-beginning' and `field-end' take new optional argument, LIMIT.This argument tells them not to search beyond LIMIT. Instead theygive up and return LIMIT.*** New function `window-line-height' is an efficient way to getinformation about a specific text line in a window provided that thewindow's display is up-to-date.*** New function `line-number-at-pos' returns the line number of a position.It an optional buffer position argument that defaults to point.*** Function `pos-visible-in-window-p' now returns the pixel coordinatesand partial visibility state of the corresponding row, if the PARTIALLYarg is non-nil.*** New functions `posn-at-point' and `posn-at-x-y' returnclick-event-style position information for a given visible bufferposition or for a given window pixel coordinate.*** New function `mouse-on-link-p' tests if a position is in a clickable link.This is the function used by the new `mouse-1-click-follows-link'functionality.** Text modification:*** The new function `buffer-chars-modified-tick' returns a buffer'stick counter for changes to characters. Each time text in that bufferis inserted or deleted, the character-change counter is updated to thetick counter (`buffer-modified-tick'). Text property changes leave itunchanged.*** The new function `insert-for-yank' normally works like `insert', butremoves the text properties in the `yank-excluded-properties' listand handles the `yank-handler' text property.*** The new function `insert-buffer-substring-as-yank' is like`insert-for-yank' except that it gets the text from another buffer asin `insert-buffer-substring'.*** The new function `insert-buffer-substring-no-properties' is like`insert-buffer-substring', but removes all text properties from theinserted substring.*** The new function `filter-buffer-substring' extracts a buffersubstring, passes it through a set of filter functions, and returnsthe filtered substring. Use it instead of `buffer-substring' or`delete-and-extract-region' when copying text into a user-accessibledata structure, such as the kill-ring, X clipboard, or a register.The list of filter function is specified by the new variable`buffer-substring-filters'. For example, Longlines mode adds to`buffer-substring-filters' to remove soft newlines from the copiedtext.*** Function `translate-region' accepts also a char-table as TABLEargument.*** The new translation table `translation-table-for-input'is used for customizing self-insertion. The character tobe inserted is translated through it.*** Text clones.The new function `text-clone-create'. Text clones are chunks of textthat are kept identical by transparently propagating changes from oneclone to the other.*** The function `insert-string' is now obsolete.** Filling changes.*** In determining an adaptive fill prefix, Emacs now tries the function in`adaptive-fill-function' _before_ matching the buffer line against`adaptive-fill-regexp' rather than _after_ it.** Atomic change groups.To perform some changes in the current buffer "atomically" so thatthey either all succeed or are all undone, use `atomic-change-group'around the code that makes changes. For instance: (atomic-change-group (insert foo) (delete-region x y))If an error (or other nonlocal exit) occurs inside the body of`atomic-change-group', it unmakes all the changes in that buffer thatwere during the execution of the body. The change group has no effecton any other buffers--any such changes remain.If you need something more sophisticated, you can directly call thelower-level functions that `atomic-change-group' uses. Here is how.To set up a change group for one buffer, call `prepare-change-group'.Specify the buffer as argument; it defaults to the current buffer.This function returns a "handle" for the change group. You must savethe handle to activate the change group and then finish it.Before you change the buffer again, you must activate the changegroup. Pass the handle to `activate-change-group' afterward todo this.After you make the changes, you must finish the change group. You caneither accept the changes or cancel them all. Call`accept-change-group' to accept the changes in the group as final;call `cancel-change-group' to undo them all.You should use `unwind-protect' to make sure the group is alwaysfinished. The call to `activate-change-group' should be inside the`unwind-protect', in case the user types C-g just after it runs.(This is one reason why `prepare-change-group' and`activate-change-group' are separate functions.) Once you finish thegroup, don't use the handle again--don't try to finish the same grouptwice.To make a multibuffer change group, call `prepare-change-group' oncefor each buffer you want to cover, then use `nconc' to combine thereturned values, like this: (nconc (prepare-change-group buffer-1) (prepare-change-group buffer-2))You can then activate the multibuffer change group with a single callto `activate-change-group', and finish it with a single call to`accept-change-group' or `cancel-change-group'.Nested use of several change groups for the same buffer works as youwould expect. Non-nested use of change groups for the same bufferwill lead to undesirable results, so don't let it happen; the firstchange group you start for any given buffer should be the last onefinished.** Buffer-related changes:*** The new function `buffer-local-value' returns the buffer-localbinding of VARIABLE (a symbol) in buffer BUFFER. If VARIABLE does nothave a buffer-local binding in buffer BUFFER, it returns the defaultvalue of VARIABLE instead.*** `list-buffers-noselect' now takes an additional argument, BUFFER-LIST.If it is non-nil, it specifies which buffers to list.*** `kill-buffer-hook' is now a permanent local.*** The function `frame-or-buffer-changed-p' now lets you maintainvarious status records in parallel.It takes a variable (a symbol) as argument. If the variable is non-nil,then its value should be a vector installed previously by`frame-or-buffer-changed-p'. If the frame names, buffer names, bufferorder, or their read-only or modified flags have changed, since thetime the vector's contents were recorded by a previous call to`frame-or-buffer-changed-p', then the function returns t. Otherwiseit returns nil.On the first call to `frame-or-buffer-changed-p', the variable'svalue should be nil. `frame-or-buffer-changed-p' stores a suitablevector into the variable and returns t.If the variable is itself nil, then `frame-or-buffer-changed-p' uses,for compatibility, an internal variable which exists only for thispurpose.*** The function `read-buffer' follows the convention for reading fromthe minibuffer with a default value: if DEF is non-nil, the minibufferprompt provided in PROMPT is edited to show the default value providedin DEF before the terminal colon and space.** Searching and matching changes:*** New function `looking-back' checks whether a regular expression matchesthe text before point. Specifying the LIMIT argument bounds how farback the match can start; this is a way to keep it from taking too long.*** The new variable `search-spaces-regexp' controls how to searchfor spaces in a regular expression. If it is non-nil, it should be aregular expression, and any series of spaces stands for that regularexpression. If it is nil, spaces stand for themselves.Spaces inside of constructs such as `[..]' and inside loops such as`*', `+', and `?' are never replaced with `search-spaces-regexp'.*** New regular expression operators, `\_<' and `\_>'.These match the beginning and end of a symbol. A symbol is anon-empty sequence of either word or symbol constituent characters, asspecified by the syntax table.*** `skip-chars-forward' and `skip-chars-backward' now handlecharacter classes such as `[:alpha:]', along with individualcharacters and ranges.*** In `replace-match', the replacement text no longer inheritsproperties from surrounding text.*** The list returned by `(match-data t)' now has the buffer as a finalelement, if the last match was on a buffer. `set-match-data'accepts such a list for restoring the match state.*** Functions `match-data' and `set-match-data' now have an optionalargument `reseat'. When non-nil, all markers in the match data listpassed to these functions will be reseated to point to nowhere.*** rx.el has new corresponding `symbol-start' and `symbol-end' elements.*** The default value of `sentence-end' is now defined using the newvariable `sentence-end-without-space', which contains such charactersthat end a sentence without following spaces.The function `sentence-end' should be used to obtain the value of thevariable `sentence-end'. If the variable `sentence-end' is nil, thenthis function returns the regexp constructed from the variables`sentence-end-without-period', `sentence-end-double-space' and`sentence-end-without-space'.** Undo changes:*** `buffer-undo-list' allows programmable elements.These elements have the form (apply FUNNAME . ARGS), where FUNNAME isa symbol other than t or nil. That stands for a high-level changethat should be undone by evaluating (apply FUNNAME ARGS).These entries can also have the form (apply DELTA BEG END FUNNAME . ARGS)which indicates that the change which took place was limited to therange BEG...END and increased the buffer size by DELTA.*** If the buffer's undo list for the current command gets longer than`undo-outer-limit', garbage collection empties it. This is to preventit from using up the available memory and choking Emacs.** Killing and yanking changes:*** New `yank-handler' text property can be used to control howpreviously killed text on the kill ring is reinserted.The value of the `yank-handler' property must be a list with one to fourelements with the following format: (FUNCTION PARAM NOEXCLUDE UNDO).The `insert-for-yank' function looks for a yank-handler property onthe first character on its string argument (typically the firstelement on the kill-ring). If a `yank-handler' property is found,the normal behavior of `insert-for-yank' is modified in various ways: When FUNCTION is present and non-nil, it is called instead of `insert'to insert the string. FUNCTION takes one argument--the object to insert. If PARAM is present and non-nil, it replaces STRING as the objectpassed to FUNCTION (or `insert'); for example, if FUNCTION is`yank-rectangle', PARAM should be a list of strings to insert as arectangle. If NOEXCLUDE is present and non-nil, the normal removal of the`yank-excluded-properties' is not performed; instead FUNCTION isresponsible for removing those properties. This may be necessaryif FUNCTION adjusts point before or after inserting the object. If UNDO is present and non-nil, it is a function that will be calledby `yank-pop' to undo the insertion of the current object. It iscalled with two arguments, the start and end of the current region.FUNCTION can set `yank-undo-function' to override the UNDO value.*** The functions `kill-new', `kill-append', and `kill-region' now have anoptional argument to specify the `yank-handler' text property to put onthe killed text.*** The function `yank-pop' will now use a non-nil value of the variable`yank-undo-function' (instead of `delete-region') to undo the previous`yank' or `yank-pop' command (or a call to `insert-for-yank'). The function`insert-for-yank' automatically sets that variable according to the UNDOelement of the string argument's `yank-handler' text property if present.*** The function `insert-for-yank' now supports strings where the`yank-handler' property does not span the first character of thestring. The old behavior is available if you call`insert-for-yank-1' instead.** Syntax table changes:*** The new function `syntax-ppss' provides an efficient way to find thecurrent syntactic context at point.*** The new function `syntax-after' returns the syntax codeof the character after a specified buffer position, taking accountof text properties as well as the character code.*** `syntax-class' extracts the class of a syntax code (as returnedby `syntax-after').*** The macro `with-syntax-table' no longer copies the syntax table.** File operation changes:*** New vars `exec-suffixes' and `load-suffixes' used whensearching for an executable or an Emacs Lisp file.*** New function `locate-file' searches for a file in a list of directories.`locate-file' accepts a name of a file to search (a string), and twolists: a list of directories to search in and a list of suffixes totry; typical usage might use `exec-path' and `load-path' for the listof directories, and `exec-suffixes' and `load-suffixes' for the listof suffixes. The function also accepts a predicate argument tofurther filter candidate files.One advantage of using this function is that the list of suffixes in`exec-suffixes' is OS-dependant, so this function will findexecutables without polluting Lisp code with OS dependencies.*** The new function `file-remote-p' tests a file name and returnsnon-nil if it specifies a remote file (one that Emacs accesses usingits own special methods and not directly through the file system).The value in that case is an identifier for the remote file system.*** The new hook `before-save-hook' is invoked by `basic-save-buffer'before saving buffers. This allows packages to perform various finaltasks. For example, it can be used by the copyright package to makesure saved files have the current year in any copyright headers.*** `file-chase-links' now takes an optional second argument LIMIT whichspecifies the maximum number of links to chase through. If after thatmany iterations the file name obtained is still a symbolic link,`file-chase-links' returns it anyway.*** Functions `file-name-sans-extension' and `file-name-extension' nowignore the leading dots in file names, so that file names such as`.emacs' are treated as extensionless.*** If `buffer-save-without-query' is non-nil in some buffer,`save-some-buffers' will always save that buffer without asking (ifit's modified).*** `buffer-auto-save-file-format' is the new name for what wasformerly called `auto-save-file-format'. It is now a permanent local.*** `visited-file-modtime' and `calendar-time-from-absolute' now returna list of two integers, instead of a cons.*** The precedence of file name handlers has been changed.Instead of choosing the first handler that matches,`find-file-name-handler' now gives precedence to a file name handlerthat matches nearest the end of the file name. More precisely, thehandler whose (match-beginning 0) is the largest is chosen. In caseof ties, the old "first matched" rule applies.*** A file name handler can declare which operations it handles.You do this by putting an `operation' property on the handler namesymbol. The property value should be a list of the operations thatthe handler really handles. It won't be called for any otheroperations.This is useful for autoloaded handlers, to prevent them from beingautoloaded when not really necessary.*** The function `make-auto-save-file-name' is now handled by filename handlers. This will be exploited for remote files mainly.*** The function `file-name-completion' accepts an optional argumentPREDICATE, and rejects completion candidates that don't satisfy PREDICATE.*** The new primitive `set-file-times' sets a file's access andmodification times. Magic file name handlers can handle thisoperation.** Input changes:*** Functions `y-or-n-p', `read-char', `read-key-sequence' and the like, thatdisplay a prompt but don't use the minibuffer, now display the promptusing the text properties (esp. the face) of the prompt string.*** The functions `read-event', `read-char', and `read-char-exclusive'have a new optional argument SECONDS. If non-nil, this specifies amaximum time to wait for input, in seconds. If no input arrives afterthis time elapses, the functions stop waiting and return nil.*** An interactive specification can now use the code letter `U' to getthe up-event that was discarded in case the last key sequence read for aprevious `k' or `K' argument was a down-event; otherwise nil is used.*** The new interactive-specification `G' reads a file namemuch like `F', but if the input is a directory name (even defaulted),it returns just the directory name.*** (while-no-input BODY...) runs BODY, but only so long as no inputarrives. If the user types or clicks anything, BODY stops as if aquit had occurred. `while-no-input' returns the value of BODY, if BODYfinishes. It returns nil if BODY was aborted by a quit, and t ifBODY was aborted by arrival of input.*** `recent-keys' now returns the last 300 keys.** Minibuffer changes:*** The new function `minibufferp' returns non-nil if its optionalbuffer argument is a minibuffer. If the argument is omitted, itdefaults to the current buffer.*** New function `minibuffer-selected-window' returns the window whichwas selected when entering the minibuffer.*** The `read-file-name' function now takes an additional argument whichspecifies a predicate which the file name read must satisfy. Thenew variable `read-file-name-predicate' contains the predicate argumentwhile reading the file name from the minibuffer; the predicate in thisvariable is used by read-file-name-internal to filter the completion list.*** The new variable `read-file-name-function' can be used by Lisp codeto override the built-in `read-file-name' function.*** The new variable `read-file-name-completion-ignore-case' specifieswhether completion ignores case when reading a file name with the`read-file-name' function.*** The new function `read-directory-name' is for reading a directory name.It is like `read-file-name' except that the defaulting works betterfor directories, and completion inside it shows only directories.*** The new variable `history-add-new-input' specifies whether to add newelements in history. If set to nil, minibuffer reading functions don'tadd new elements to the history list, so it is possible to do thisafterwards by calling `add-to-history' explicitly.** Completion changes:*** The new function `minibuffer-completion-contents' returns the contentsof the minibuffer just before point. That is what completion commandsoperate on.*** The functions `all-completions' and `try-completion' now accept listsof strings as well as hash-tables additionally to alists, obarraysand functions. Furthermore, the function `test-completion' is nowexported to Lisp. The keys in alists and hash tables can be eitherstrings or symbols, which are automatically converted with to strings.*** The new macro `dynamic-completion-table' supports using functionsas a dynamic completion table. (dynamic-completion-table FUN)FUN is called with one argument, the string for which completion is required,and it should return an alist containing all the intended possiblecompletions. This alist can be a full list of possible completions so that FUNcan ignore the value of its argument. If completion is performed in theminibuffer, FUN will be called in the buffer from which the minibuffer wasentered. `dynamic-completion-table' then computes the completion.*** The new macro `lazy-completion-table' initializes a variableas a lazy completion table. (lazy-completion-table VAR FUN)If the completion table VAR is used for the first time (e.g., by passing VARas an argument to `try-completion'), the function FUN is called with noarguments. FUN must return the completion table that will be stored in VAR.If completion is requested in the minibuffer, FUN will be called in the bufferfrom which the minibuffer was entered. The return value of`lazy-completion-table' must be used to initialize the value of VAR.** Abbrev changes:*** `define-abbrev' now accepts an optional argument SYSTEM-FLAG.If non-nil, this marks the abbrev as a "system" abbrev, which meansthat it won't be stored in the user's abbrevs file if he saves theabbrevs. Major modes that predefine some abbrevs should alwaysspecify this flag.*** The new function `copy-abbrev-table' copies an abbrev table.It returns a new abbrev table that is a copy of a given abbrev table.** Enhancements to keymaps.*** Cleaner way to enter key sequences.You can enter a constant key sequence in a more natural format, thesame one used for saving keyboard macros, using the macro `kbd'. Forexample,(kbd "C-x C-f") => "\^x\^f"Actually, this format has existed since Emacs 20.1.*** Interactive commands can be remapped through keymaps.This is an alternative to using `defadvice' or `substitute-key-definition'to modify the behavior of a key binding using the normal keymapbinding and lookup functionality.When a key sequence is bound to a command, and that command isremapped to another command, that command is run instead of theoriginal command.Example:Suppose that minor mode `my-mode' has defined the commands`my-kill-line' and `my-kill-word', and it wants C-k (and any other keybound to `kill-line') to run the command `my-kill-line' instead of`kill-line', and likewise it wants to run `my-kill-word' instead of`kill-word'.Instead of rebinding C-k and the other keys in the minor mode map,command remapping allows you to directly map `kill-line' into`my-kill-line' and `kill-word' into `my-kill-word' using `define-key': (define-key my-mode-map [remap kill-line] 'my-kill-line) (define-key my-mode-map [remap kill-word] 'my-kill-word)When `my-mode' is enabled, its minor mode keymap is enabled too. Sowhen the user types C-k, that runs the command `my-kill-line'.Only one level of remapping is supported. In the above example, thismeans that if `my-kill-line' is remapped to `other-kill', then C-k stillruns `my-kill-line'.The following changes have been made to provide command remapping:- Command remappings are defined using `define-key' with a prefix-key `remap', i.e. `(define-key MAP [remap CMD] DEF)' remaps command CMD to definition DEF in keymap MAP. The definition is not limited to another command; it can be anything accepted for a normal binding.- The new function `command-remapping' returns the binding for a remapped command in the current keymaps, or nil if not remapped.- `key-binding' now remaps interactive commands unless the optional third argument NO-REMAP is non-nil.- `where-is-internal' now returns nil for a remapped command (e.g. `kill-line', when `my-mode' is enabled), and the actual key binding for the command it is remapped to (e.g. C-k for my-kill-line). It also has a new optional fifth argument, NO-REMAP, which inhibits remapping if non-nil (e.g. it returns "C-k" for `kill-line', and "<kill-line>" for `my-kill-line').- The new variable `this-original-command' contains the original command before remapping. It is equal to `this-command' when the command was not remapped.*** The definition of a key-binding passed to define-key can use XEmacs-stylekey-sequences, such as [(control a)].*** New keymaps for typing file namesTwo new keymaps, `minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map' and`minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map', apply wheneverEmacs reads a file name in the minibuffer. These key maps overridethe usual binding of SPC to `minibuffer-complete-word' (so that filenames with embedded spaces could be typed without the need to quotethe spaces).*** New function `current-active-maps' returns a list of currentlyactive keymaps.*** New function `describe-buffer-bindings' inserts the list of alldefined keys and their definitions.*** New function `keymap-prompt' returns the prompt string of a keymap.*** If text has a `keymap' property, that keymap takes precedenceover minor mode keymaps.*** The `keymap' property now also works at the ends of overlays andtext properties, according to their stickiness. This also means that itworks with empty overlays. The same hold for the `local-map' property.*** `key-binding' will now look up mouse-specific bindings. Thekeymaps consulted by `key-binding' will get adapted if the keysequence is started with a mouse event. Instead of letting the clickposition be determined from the key sequence itself, it is alsopossible to specify it with an optional argument explicitly.*** `define-key-after' now accepts keys longer than 1.*** (map-keymap FUNCTION KEYMAP) applies the function to each bindingin the keymap.*** New variable `emulation-mode-map-alists'.Lisp packages using many minor mode keymaps can now maintain their ownkeymap alist separate from `minor-mode-map-alist' by adding theirkeymap alist to this list.*** Dense keymaps now handle inheritance correctly.Previously a dense keymap would hide all of the simple-char keybindings of the parent keymap.** Enhancements to process support*** Adaptive read buffering of subprocess output.On some systems, when Emacs reads the output from a subprocess, theoutput data is read in very small blocks, potentially resulting invery poor performance. This behavior can be remedied to some extentby setting the new variable `process-adaptive-read-buffering' to anon-nil value (the default), as it will automatically delay readingfrom such processes, allowing them to produce more output beforeEmacs tries to read it.*** Processes now have an associated property list where programs canmaintain process state and other per-process related information.Use the new functions `process-get' and `process-put' to access, add,and modify elements on this property list. Use the new functions`process-plist' and `set-process-plist' to access and replace theentire property list of a process.*** Function `list-processes' now has an optional argument; if non-nil,it lists only the processes whose query-on-exit flag is set.*** New fns `set-process-query-on-exit-flag' and `process-query-on-exit-flag'.These replace the old function `process-kill-without-query'. Thatfunction is still supported, but new code should use the newfunctions.*** The new function `call-process-shell-command'.This executes a shell command synchronously in a separate process.*** The new function `process-file' is similar to `call-process', butobeys file handlers. The file handler is chosen based on`default-directory'.*** Function `signal-process' now accepts a process object or processname in addition to a process id to identify the signaled process.*** Function `accept-process-output' has a new optional fourth argJUST-THIS-ONE. If non-nil, only output from the specified processis handled, suspending output from other processes. If value is aninteger, also inhibit running timers. This feature is generally notrecommended, but may be necessary for specific applications, such asspeech synthesis.*** A process filter function gets the output as multibyte stringif the process specifies t for its filter's multibyteness.That multibyteness is decided by the value of`default-enable-multibyte-characters' when the process is created, andyou can change it later with `set-process-filter-multibyte'.*** The new function `set-process-filter-multibyte' sets themultibyteness of the strings passed to the process's filter.*** The new function `process-filter-multibyte-p' returns themultibyteness of the strings passed to the process's filter.*** If a process's coding system is `raw-text' or `no-conversion' and itsbuffer is multibyte, the output of the process is at first convertedto multibyte by `string-to-multibyte' then inserted in the buffer.Previously, it was converted to multibyte by `string-as-multibyte',which was not compatible with the behavior of file reading.** Enhanced networking support.*** The new `make-network-process' function makes network connections.It allows opening of stream and datagram connections to a server, as well ascreate a stream or datagram server inside Emacs.- A server is started using :server t arg.- Datagram connection is selected using :type 'datagram arg.- A server can open on a random port using :service t arg.- Local sockets are supported using :family 'local arg.- IPv6 is supported (when available). You may explicitly select IPv6 using :family 'ipv6 arg.- Non-blocking connect is supported using :nowait t arg.- The process' property list can be initialized using :plist PLIST arg; a copy of the server process' property list is automatically inherited by new client processes created to handle incoming connections.To test for the availability of a given feature, use featurep like this: (featurep 'make-network-process '(:type datagram)) (featurep 'make-network-process '(:family ipv6))*** The old `open-network-stream' now uses `make-network-process'.*** `process-contact' has an optional KEY argument.Depending on this argument, you can get the complete list of networkprocess properties or a specific property. Using :local or :remote asthe KEY, you get the address of the local or remote end-point.An Inet address is represented as a 5 element vector, where the first4 elements contain the IP address and the fifth is the port number.*** New functions `stop-process' and `continue-process'.These functions stop and restart communication through a networkconnection. For a server process, no connections are accepted in thestopped state. For a client process, no input is received in thestopped state.*** New function `format-network-address'.This function reformats the Lisp representation of a network addressto a printable string. For example, an IP address A.B.C.D and portnumber P is represented as a five element vector [A B C D P], and theprintable string returned for this vector is "A.B.C.D:P". See the docstring for other formatting options.*** New function `network-interface-list'.This function returns a list of network interface names and theircurrent network addresses.*** New function `network-interface-info'.This function returns the network address, hardware address, currentstatus, and other information about a specific network interface.*** New functions `process-datagram-address', `set-process-datagram-address'.These functions are used with datagram-based network processes to getand set the current address of the remote partner.*** Deleting a network process with `delete-process' calls the sentinel.The status message passed to the sentinel for a deleted networkprocess is "deleted". The message passed to the sentinel when theconnection is closed by the remote peer has been changed to"connection broken by remote peer".** Using window objects:*** You can now make a window as short as one line.A window that is just one line tall does not display either a modeline or a header line, even if the variables `mode-line-format' and`header-line-format' call for them. A window that is two lines tallcannot display both a mode line and a header line at once; if thevariables call for both, only the mode line actually appears.*** The new function `window-inside-edges' returns the edges of theactual text portion of the window, not including the scroll bar ordivider line, the fringes, the display margins, the header line andthe mode line.*** The new functions `window-pixel-edges' and `window-inside-pixel-edges'return window edges in units of pixels, rather than columns and lines.*** New function `window-body-height'.This is like `window-height' but does not count the mode line or theheader line.*** The new function `adjust-window-trailing-edge' moves the rightor bottom edge of a window. It does not move other window edges.*** The new macro `with-selected-window' temporarily switches theselected window without impacting the order of `buffer-list'.It saves and restores the current buffer, too.*** `select-window' takes an optional second argument NORECORD.This is like `switch-to-buffer'.*** `save-selected-window' now saves and restores the selected windowof every frame. This way, it restores everything that can be changedby calling `select-window'. It also saves and restores the currentbuffer.*** `set-window-buffer' has an optional argument KEEP-MARGINS.If non-nil, that says to preserve the window's current margin, fringe,and scroll-bar settings.*** The new function `window-tree' returns a frame's window tree.*** The functions `get-lru-window' and `get-largest-window' take an optionalargument `dedicated'. If non-nil, those functions do not ignorededicated windows.** Customizable fringe bitmaps*** There are new display properties, `left-fringe' and `right-fringe',that can be used to show a specific bitmap in the left or right fringebitmap of the display line.Format is `display (left-fringe BITMAP [FACE])', where BITMAP is asymbol identifying a fringe bitmap, either built-in or defined with`define-fringe-bitmap', and FACE is an optional face name to be usedfor displaying the bitmap instead of the default `fringe' face.When specified, FACE is automatically merged with the `fringe' face.*** New buffer-local variables `fringe-indicator-alist' and`fringe-cursor-alist' maps between logical (internal) fringe indicatorand cursor symbols and the actual fringe bitmaps to be displayed.This decouples the logical meaning of the fringe indicators from thephysical appearance, as well as allowing different fringe bitmaps tobe used in different windows showing different buffers.*** New function `define-fringe-bitmap' can now be used to create newfringe bitmaps, as well as change the built-in fringe bitmaps.*** New function `destroy-fringe-bitmap' deletes a fringe bitmapor restores a built-in one to its default value.*** New function `set-fringe-bitmap-face' specifies the face to beused for a specific fringe bitmap. The face is automatically mergedwith the `fringe' face, so normally, the face should only specify theforeground color of the bitmap.*** New function `fringe-bitmaps-at-pos' returns the current fringebitmaps in the display line at a given buffer position.** Other window fringe features:*** Controlling the default left and right fringe widths.The default left and right fringe widths for all windows of a framecan now be controlled by setting the `left-fringe' and `right-fringe'frame parameters to an integer value specifying the width in pixels.Setting the width to 0 effectively removes the corresponding fringe.The actual default fringe widths for the frame may deviate from thespecified widths, since the combined fringe widths must match anintegral number of columns. The extra width is distributed evenlybetween the left and right fringe. To force a specific fringe width,specify the width as a negative integer (if both widths are negative,only the left fringe gets the specified width).Setting the width to nil (the default), restores the default fringewidth which is the minimum number of pixels necessary to display anyof the currently defined fringe bitmaps. The width of the built-infringe bitmaps is 8 pixels.*** Per-window fringe and scrollbar settings**** Windows can now have their own individual fringe widths andposition settings.To control the fringe widths of a window, either set the buffer-localvariables `left-fringe-width', `right-fringe-width', or call`set-window-fringes'.To control the fringe position in a window, that is, whether fringesare positioned between the display margins and the window's text area,or at the edges of the window, either set the buffer-local variable`fringes-outside-margins' or call `set-window-fringes'.The function `window-fringes' can be used to obtain the currentsettings. To make `left-fringe-width', `right-fringe-width', and`fringes-outside-margins' take effect, you must set them beforedisplaying the buffer in a window, or use `set-window-buffer' to forcean update of the display margins.**** Windows can now have their own individual scroll-bar settingscontrolling the width and position of scroll-bars.To control the scroll-bar of a window, either set the buffer-localvariables `scroll-bar-mode' and `scroll-bar-width', or call`set-window-scroll-bars'. The function `window-scroll-bars' can beused to obtain the current settings. To make `scroll-bar-mode' and`scroll-bar-width' take effect, you must set them before displayingthe buffer in a window, or use `set-window-buffer' to force an updateof the display margins.** Redisplay features:*** `sit-for' can now be called with args (SECONDS &optional NODISP).*** Iconifying or deiconifying a frame no longer makes sit-for return.*** New function `redisplay' causes an immediate redisplay if no input isavailable, equivalent to (sit-for 0). The call (redisplay t) forcesan immediate redisplay even if input is pending.*** New function `force-window-update' can initiate a full redisplay ofone or all windows. Normally, this is not needed as changes in windowcontents are detected automatically. However, certain implicitchanges to mode lines, header lines, or display properties may requireforcing an explicit window update.*** (char-displayable-p CHAR) returns non-nil if Emacs ought to be ableto display CHAR. More precisely, if the selected frame's fontset hasa font to display the character set that CHAR belongs to.Fontsets can specify a font on a per-character basis; when the fontsetdoes that, this value cannot be accurate.*** You can define multiple overlay arrows via the newvariable `overlay-arrow-variable-list'.It contains a list of variables which contain overlay arrow positionmarkers, including the original `overlay-arrow-position' variable.Each variable on this list can have individual `overlay-arrow-string'and `overlay-arrow-bitmap' properties that specify an overlay arrowstring (for non-window terminals) or fringe bitmap (for windowsystems) to display at the corresponding overlay arrow position.If either property is not set, the default `overlay-arrow-string' or'overlay-arrow-fringe-bitmap' will be used.*** New `line-height' and `line-spacing' properties for newline charactersA newline can now have `line-height' and `line-spacing' text or overlayproperties that control the height of the corresponding display row.If the `line-height' property value is t, the newline does notcontribute to the height of the display row; instead the height of thenewline glyph is reduced. Also, a `line-spacing' property on thisnewline is ignored. This can be used to tile small images or imageslices without adding blank areas between the images.If the `line-height' property value is a positive integer, the valuespecifies the minimum line height in pixels. If necessary, the lineheight it increased by increasing the line's ascent.If the `line-height' property value is a float, the minimum lineheight is calculated by multiplying the default frame line height bythe given value.If the `line-height' property value is a cons (FACE . RATIO), theminimum line height is calculated as RATIO * height of named FACE.RATIO is int or float. If FACE is t, it specifies the current face.If the `line-height' property value is a cons (nil . RATIO), the lineheight is calculated as RATIO * actual height of the line's contents.If the `line-height' value is a cons (HEIGHT . TOTAL), HEIGHT specifiesthe line height as described above, while TOTAL is any of the formsdescribed above and specifies the total height of the line, causing avarying number of pixels to be inserted after the line to make it lineexactly that many pixels high.If the `line-spacing' property value is an positive integer, the valueis used as additional pixels to insert after the display line; thisoverrides the default frame `line-spacing' and any buffer local value ofthe `line-spacing' variable.If the `line-spacing' property is a float or cons, the line spacingis calculated as specified above for the `line-height' property.*** The buffer local `line-spacing' variable can now have a float value,which is used as a height relative to the default frame line height.*** Enhancements to stretch display propertiesThe display property stretch specification form `(space PROPS)', wherePROPS is a property list, now allows pixel based width and heightspecifications, as well as enhanced horizontal text alignment.The value of these properties can now be a (primitive) expressionwhich is evaluated during redisplay. The following expressionsare supported:EXPR ::= NUM | (NUM) | UNIT | ELEM | POS | IMAGE | FORMNUM ::= INTEGER | FLOAT | SYMBOLUNIT ::= in | mm | cm | width | heightELEM ::= left-fringe | right-fringe | left-margin | right-margin | scroll-bar | textPOS ::= left | center | rightFORM ::= (NUM . EXPR) | (OP EXPR ...)OP ::= + | -The form `NUM' specifies a fractional width or height of the defaultframe font size. The form `(NUM)' specifies an absolute number ofpixels. If a symbol is specified, its buffer-local variable bindingis used. The `in', `mm', and `cm' units specifies the number ofpixels per inch, milli-meter, and centi-meter, resp. The `width' and`height' units correspond to the width and height of the current facefont. An image specification corresponds to the width or height ofthe image.The `left-fringe', `right-fringe', `left-margin', `right-margin',`scroll-bar', and `text' elements specify to the width of thecorresponding area of the window.The `left', `center', and `right' positions can be used with :align-toto specify a position relative to the left edge, center, or right edgeof the text area. One of the above window elements (except `text')can also be used with :align-to to specify that the position isrelative to the left edge of the given area. Once the base offset fora relative position has been set (by the first occurrence of one ofthese symbols), further occurrences of these symbols are interpreted asthe width of the area.For example, to align to the center of the left-margin, use :align-to (+ left-margin (0.5 . left-margin))If no specific base offset is set for alignment, it is always relativeto the left edge of the text area. For example, :align-to 0 in aheader line aligns with the first text column in the text area.The value of the form `(NUM . EXPR)' is the value of NUM multiplied bythe value of the expression EXPR. For example, (2 . in) specifies awidth of 2 inches, while (0.5 . IMAGE) specifies half the width (orheight) of the specified image.The form `(+ EXPR ...)' adds up the value of the expressions.The form `(- EXPR ...)' negates or subtracts the value of the expressions.*** Normally, the cursor is displayed at the end of any overlay andtext property string that may be present at the current windowposition. The cursor can now be placed on any character of suchstrings by giving that character a non-nil `cursor' text property.*** The display space :width and :align-to text properties are nowsupported on text terminals.*** Support for displaying image slices**** New display property (slice X Y WIDTH HEIGHT) can be used withan image property to display only a specific slice of the image.**** Function `insert-image' has new optional fourth arg tospecify image slice (X Y WIDTH HEIGHT).**** New function `insert-sliced-image' inserts a given image as aspecified number of evenly sized slices (rows x columns).*** Images can now have an associated image map via the :map property.An image map is an alist where each element has the format (AREA ID PLIST).An AREA is specified as either a rectangle, a circle, or a polygon:A rectangle is a cons (rect . ((X0 . Y0) . (X1 . Y1))) specifying thepixel coordinates of the upper left and bottom right corners.A circle is a cons (circle . ((X0 . Y0) . R)) specifying the centerand the radius of the circle; R can be a float or integer.A polygon is a cons (poly . [X0 Y0 X1 Y1 ...]) where each pair in thevector describes one corner in the polygon.When the mouse pointer is above a hot-spot area of an image, thePLIST of that hot-spot is consulted; if it contains a `help-echo'property it defines a tool-tip for the hot-spot, and if it containsa `pointer' property, it defines the shape of the mouse cursor whenit is over the hot-spot. See the variable `void-area-text-pointer'for possible pointer shapes.When you click the mouse when the mouse pointer is over a hot-spot,an event is composed by combining the ID of the hot-spot with themouse event, e.g. [area4 mouse-1] if the hot-spot's ID is `area4'.*** The function `find-image' now searches in etc/images/ and etc/.The new variable `image-load-path' is a list of locations in which tosearch for image files. The default is to search in etc/images, thenin etc/, and finally in the directories specified by `load-path'.Subdirectories of etc/ and etc/images are not recursively searched; ifyou put an image file in a subdirectory, you have to specify itexplicitly; for example, if an image is put in etc/images/foo/bar.xpm: (defimage foo-image '((:type xpm :file "foo/bar.xpm")))Note that all images formerly located in the lisp directory have beenmoved to etc/images.*** New function `image-load-path-for-library' returns a suitablesearch path for images relative to library. This function is useful inexternal packages to save users from having to update`image-load-path'.*** The new variable `max-image-size' defines the maximum size ofimages that Emacs will load and display.*** The new variable `display-mm-dimensions-alist' can be used tooverride incorrect graphical display dimensions returned by functions`display-mm-height' and `display-mm-width'.** Mouse pointer features:*** The mouse pointer shape in void text areas (i.e. after the end of aline or below the last line in the buffer) of the text window is nowcontrolled by the new variable `void-text-area-pointer'. The defaultis to use the `arrow' (non-text) pointer. Other choices are `text'(or nil), `hand', `vdrag', `hdrag', `modeline', and `hourglass'.*** The mouse pointer shape over an image can now be controlled by the:pointer image property.*** The mouse pointer shape over ordinary text or images can now becontrolled/overridden via the `pointer' text property.** Mouse event enhancements:*** All mouse events now include a buffer position regardless of whereyou clicked. For mouse clicks in window margins and fringes, this isa sensible buffer position corresponding to the surrounding text.*** Mouse events for clicks on window fringes now specify `left-fringe'or `right-fringe' as the area.*** Mouse events include actual glyph column and row for all event typesand all areas.*** Mouse events can now indicate an image object clicked on.*** Mouse events include relative X and Y pixel coordinates relative tothe top left corner of the object (image or character) clicked on.*** Mouse events include the pixel width and height of the object(image or character) clicked on.*** Function `mouse-set-point' now works for events outside text area.*** `posn-point' now returns buffer position for non-text area events.*** New function `posn-area' returns window area clicked on (nil meanstext area).*** New function `posn-actual-col-row' returns the actual glyph coordinatesof the mouse event position.*** New functions 'posn-object', 'posn-object-x-y', 'posn-object-width-height'.These return the image or string object of a mouse click, the X and Ypixel coordinates relative to the top left corner of that object, andthe total width and height of that object.** Text property and overlay changes:*** Arguments for `remove-overlays' are now optional, so that you canremove all overlays in the buffer with just (remove-overlays).*** New variable `char-property-alias-alist'.This variable allows you to create alternative names for textproperties. It works at the same level as `default-text-properties',although it applies to overlays as well. This variable was introducedto implement the `font-lock-face' property.*** New function `get-char-property-and-overlay' accepts the samearguments as `get-char-property' and returns a cons whose car is thereturn value of `get-char-property' called with those arguments andwhose cdr is the overlay in which the property was found, or nil ifit was found as a text property or not found at all.*** The new function `remove-list-of-text-properties'.It is like `remove-text-properties' except that it takes a list ofproperty names as argument rather than a property list.** Face changes*** The variable `facemenu-unlisted-faces' has been removed.Emacs has a lot more faces than in the past, and nearly all of themneeded to be excluded. The new variable `facemenu-listed-faces' liststhe faces to include in the face menu.*** The new face attribute condition `min-colors' can be used to tailorthe face color to the number of colors supported by a display, anddefine the foreground and background colors accordingly so that theylook best on a terminal that supports at least this many colors. Thisis now the preferred method for defining default faces in a way thatmakes a good use of the capabilities of the display.*** New function `display-supports-face-attributes-p' can be used to testwhether a given set of face attributes is actually displayable.A new predicate `supports' has also been added to the `defface' facespecification language, which can be used to do this test for facesdefined with `defface'.*** The special treatment of faces whose names are of the form `fg:COLOR'or `bg:COLOR' has been removed. Lisp programs should use the`defface' facility for defining faces with specific colors, or usethe feature of specifying the face attributes :foreground and :backgrounddirectly in the `face' property instead of using a named face.*** The first face specification element in a defface can specify`default' instead of frame classification. Then its attributes act asdefaults that apply to all the subsequent cases (and can be overriddenby them).*** The function `face-differs-from-default-p' now truly checkswhether the given face displays differently from the default face ornot (previously it did only a very cursory check).*** `face-attribute', `face-foreground', `face-background', `face-stipple'.These now accept a new optional argument, INHERIT, which controls howface inheritance is used when determining the value of a faceattribute.*** New functions `face-attribute-relative-p' and `merge-face-attribute'help with handling relative face attributes.*** The priority of faces in an :inherit attribute face list is reversed.If a face contains an :inherit attribute with a list of faces, earlierfaces in the list override later faces in the list; in previousreleases of Emacs, the order was the opposite. This change was madeso that :inherit face lists operate identically to face lists in text`face' properties.*** The variable `face-font-rescale-alist' specifies how much larger(or smaller) font we should use. For instance, if the value is'((SOME-FONTNAME-PATTERN . 1.3)) and a face requests a font of 10point, we actually use a font of 13 point if the font matchesSOME-FONTNAME-PATTERN.*** On terminals, faces with the :inverse-video attribute are displayedwith swapped foreground and background colors even when one of them isnot specified. In previous releases of Emacs, if either foregroundor background color was unspecified, colors were not swapped. Thiswas inconsistent with the face behavior under X.*** `set-fontset-font', `fontset-info', `fontset-font' now operate onthe default fontset if the argument NAME is nil..** Font-Lock changes:*** New special text property `font-lock-face'.This property acts like the `face' property, but it is controlled byM-x font-lock-mode. It is not, strictly speaking, a builtin textproperty. Instead, it is implemented inside font-core.el, using thenew variable `char-property-alias-alist'.*** font-lock can manage arbitrary text-properties beside `face'.**** the FACENAME returned in `font-lock-keywords' can be a list of theform (face FACE PROP1 VAL1 PROP2 VAL2 ...) so you can set otherproperties than `face'.**** `font-lock-extra-managed-props' can be set to make sure thoseextra properties are automatically cleaned up by font-lock.*** jit-lock obeys a new text-property `jit-lock-defer-multiline'.If a piece of text with that property gets contextually refontified(see `jit-lock-defer-contextually'), then all of that text willbe refontified. This is useful when the syntax of a textual elementdepends on text several lines further down (and when `font-lock-multiline'is not appropriate to solve that problem). For example in Perl: s{ foo }{ bar }eAdding/removing the last `e' changes the `bar' from being a piece oftext to being a piece of code, so you'd put a `jit-lock-defer-multiline'property over the second half of the command to force (deferred)refontification of `bar' whenever the `e' is added/removed.*** `font-lock-extend-region-functions' makes it possible to alter the waythe fontification region is chosen. This can be used to prevent roundingup to whole lines, or to extend the region to include all related linesof multiline constructs so that such constructs get properly recognized.** Major mode mechanism changes:*** New variable `magic-mode-alist' determines major mode for a file bylooking at the file contents. It takes precedence over `auto-mode-alist'.*** New variable `magic-fallback-mode-alist' determines major mode for a file bylooking at the file contents. It is handled after `auto-mode-alist',only if `auto-mode-alist' (and `magic-mode-alist') says nothing about the file.*** XML or SGML major mode is selected when file starts with an `<?xml'or `<!DOCTYPE' declaration.*** An interpreter magic line (if present) takes precedence over thefile name when setting the major mode.*** If new variable `auto-mode-case-fold' is set to a non-nil value,Emacs will perform a second case-insensitive search through`auto-mode-alist' if the first case-sensitive search fails. Thismeans that a file FILE.TXT is opened in text-mode, and a filePROG.HTML is opened in html-mode. Note however, that independent ofthis setting, *.C files are usually recognized as C++ files. It alsohas no effect on systems with case-insensitive file names.*** All major mode functions should now run the new normal hook`after-change-major-mode-hook', at their very end, after the modehooks. `run-mode-hooks' does this automatically.*** Major modes can define `eldoc-documentation-function'locally to provide Eldoc functionality by some method appropriate tothe language.*** Use the new function `run-mode-hooks' to run the major mode's mode hook.*** The new function `run-mode-hooks' and the new macro `delay-mode-hooks'are used by `define-derived-mode' to make sure the mode hook for theparent mode is run at the end of the child mode.*** `define-derived-mode' by default creates a new empty abbrev table.It does not copy abbrevs from the parent mode's abbrev table.*** If a major mode function has a non-nil `no-clone-indirect'property, `clone-indirect-buffer' signals an error if you useit in that buffer.** Minor mode changes:*** `define-minor-mode' now accepts arbitrary additional keyword argumentsand simply passes them to `defcustom', if applicable.*** `define-globalized-minor-mode'.This is a new name for what was formerly called`easy-mmode-define-global-mode'. The old name remains as an alias.*** `minor-mode-list' now holds a list of minor mode commands.** Command loop changes:*** The new function `called-interactively-p' does what many peoplehave mistakenly believed `interactive-p' to do: it returns t if thecalling function was called through `call-interactively'.Only use this when you cannot solve the problem by adding a newINTERACTIVE argument to the command.*** The function `commandp' takes an additional optional argument.If it is non-nil, then `commandp' checks for a function that could becalled with `call-interactively', and does not return t for keyboardmacros.*** When a command returns, the command loop moves point out fromwithin invisible text, in the same way it moves out from within textcovered by an image or composition property.This makes it generally unnecessary to mark invisible text as intangible.This is particularly good because the intangible property often hasunexpected side-effects since the property applies to everything(including `goto-char', ...) whereas this new code is only run after`post-command-hook' and thus does not care about intermediate states.*** If a command sets `transient-mark-mode' to `only', thatenables Transient Mark mode for the following command only.During that following command, the value of `transient-mark-mode'is `identity'. If it is still `identity' at the end of the command,the next return to the command loop changes to nil.*** Both the variable and the function `disabled-command-hook' havebeen renamed to `disabled-command-function'. The variable`disabled-command-hook' has been kept as an obsolete alias.*** `emacsserver' now runs `pre-command-hook' and `post-command-hook'when it receives a request from emacsclient.*** `current-idle-time' reports how long Emacs has been idle.** Lisp file loading changes:*** `load-history' can now have elements of the form (t . FUNNAME),which means FUNNAME was previously defined as an autoload (before thecurrent file redefined it).*** `load-history' now records (defun . FUNNAME) when a function isdefined. For a variable, it records just the variable name.*** The function `symbol-file' can now search specifically for function,variable or face definitions.*** `provide' and `featurep' now accept an optional second argumentto test/provide subfeatures. Also `provide' now checks `after-load-alist'and runs any code associated with the provided feature.*** The variable `recursive-load-depth-limit' has been deleted.Emacs now signals an error if the same file is loaded with morethan 3 levels of nesting.** Byte compiler changes:*** The byte compiler now displays the actual line and characterposition of errors, where possible. Additionally, the form of itswarning and error messages have been brought into line with GNU standardsfor these. As a result, you can use next-error and friends on thecompilation output buffer.*** The new macro `with-no-warnings' suppresses all compiler warningsinside its body. In terms of execution, it is equivalent to `progn'.*** You can avoid warnings for possibly-undefined symbols with asimple convention that the compiler understands. (This is mostlyuseful in code meant to be portable to different Emacs versions.)Write forms like the following, or code that macroexpands into suchforms: (if (fboundp 'foo) <then> <else>) (if (boundp 'foo) <then> <else)In the first case, using `foo' as a function inside the <then> formwon't produce a warning if it's not defined as a function, and in thesecond case, using `foo' as a variable won't produce a warning if it'sunbound. The test must be in exactly one of the above forms (aftermacro expansion), but such tests can be nested. Note that `when' and`unless' expand to `if', but `cond' doesn't.*** `(featurep 'xemacs)' is treated by the compiler as nil. Thishelps to avoid noisy compiler warnings in code meant to run under bothEmacs and XEmacs and can sometimes make the result significantly moreefficient. Since byte code from recent versions of XEmacs won'tgenerally run in Emacs and vice versa, this optimization doesn't loseyou anything.*** The local variable `no-byte-compile' in Lisp files is now obeyed.*** When a Lisp file uses CL functions at run-time, compiling the filenow issues warnings about these calls, unless the file performs(require 'cl) when loaded.** Frame operations:*** New functions `frame-current-scroll-bars' and `window-current-scroll-bars'.These functions return the current locations of the vertical andhorizontal scroll bars in a frame or window.*** The new function `modify-all-frames-parameters' modifies parametersfor all (existing and future) frames.*** The new frame parameter `tty-color-mode' specifies the mode to usefor color support on character terminal frames. Its value can be anumber of colors to support, or a symbol. See the Emacs LispReference manual for more detailed documentation.*** When using non-toolkit scroll bars with the default width,the `scroll-bar-width' frame parameter value is nil.** Mode line changes:*** New function `format-mode-line'.This returns the mode line or header line of the selected (or aspecified) window as a string with or without text properties.*** The new mode-line construct `(:propertize ELT PROPS...)' can beused to add text properties to mode-line elements.*** The new `%i' and `%I' constructs for `mode-line-format' can be usedto display the size of the accessible part of the buffer on the modeline.*** Mouse-face on mode-line (and header-line) is now supported.** Menu manipulation changes:*** To manipulate the File menu using easy-menu, you must specify theproper name "file". In previous Emacs versions, you had to specify"files", even though the menu item itself was changed to say "File"several versions ago.*** The dummy function keys made by easy-menu are now always lower case.If you specify the menu item name "Ada", for instance, it uses `ada'as the "key" bound by that key binding.This is relevant only if Lisp code looks for the bindings that weremade with easy-menu.*** `easy-menu-define' now allows you to use nil for the symbol nameif you don't need to give the menu a name. If you install the menuinto other keymaps right away (MAPS is non-nil), it usually doesn'tneed to have a name.** Mule changes:*** Already true in Emacs 21.1, but not emphasized clearly enough:Multibyte buffers can now faithfully record all 256 character codesfrom 0 to 255. As a result, most of the past reasons to use unibytebuffers no longer exist. We only know of three reasons to use themnow:1. If you prefer to use unibyte text all of the time.2. For reading files into temporary buffers, when you want to avoidthe time it takes to convert the format.3. For binary files where format conversion would be pointless andwasteful.*** The new variable `auto-coding-functions' lets you specify functionsto examine a file being visited and deduce the proper coding systemfor it. (If the coding system is detected incorrectly for a specificfile, you can put a `coding:' tags to override it.)*** The new variable `ascii-case-table' stores the case table for theascii character set. Language environments (such as Turkish) mayalter the case correspondences of ASCII characters. This variablesaves the original ASCII case table before any such changes.*** The new function `merge-coding-systems' fills in unspecified aspectsof one coding system from another coding system.*** New coding system property `mime-text-unsuitable' indicates thatthe coding system's `mime-charset' is not suitable for MIME textparts, e.g. utf-16.*** New function `decode-coding-inserted-region' decodes a region as ifit is read from a file without decoding.*** New CCL functions `lookup-character' and `lookup-integer' accesshash tables defined by the Lisp function `define-translation-hash-table'.*** New function `quail-find-key' returns a list of keys to type in thecurrent input method to input a character.*** `set-buffer-file-coding-system' now takes an additional argument,NOMODIFY. If it is non-nil, it means don't mark the buffer modified.** Operating system access:*** The new primitive `get-internal-run-time' returns the processorrun time used by Emacs since start-up.*** Functions `user-uid' and `user-real-uid' now return floats if theuser UID doesn't fit in a Lisp integer. Function `user-full-name'accepts a float as UID parameter.*** New function `locale-info' accesses locale information.*** On MS Windows, locale-coding-system is used to interact with the OS.The Windows specific variable w32-system-coding-system, which wasformerly used for that purpose is now an alias for locale-coding-system.*** New function `redirect-debugging-output' can be used to redirectdebugging output on the stderr file handle to a file.** GC changes:*** New variable `gc-cons-percentage' automatically grows the GC cons thresholdas the heap size increases.*** New variables `gc-elapsed' and `gcs-done' provide extra informationon garbage collection.*** The normal hook `post-gc-hook' is run at the end of garbage collection.The hook is run with GC inhibited, so use it with care.** Miscellaneous:*** A number of hooks have been renamed to better follow the conventions:`find-file-hooks' to `find-file-hook',`find-file-not-found-hooks' to `find-file-not-found-functions',`write-file-hooks' to `write-file-functions',`write-contents-hooks' to `write-contents-functions',`x-lost-selection-hooks' to `x-lost-selection-functions',`x-sent-selection-hooks' to `x-sent-selection-functions',`delete-frame-hook' to `delete-frame-functions'.In each case the old name remains as an alias for the moment.*** Variable `local-write-file-hooks' is marked obsolete.Use the LOCAL arg of `add-hook'.*** New function `x-send-client-message' sends a client message whenrunning under X.* New Packages for Lisp Programming in Emacs 22.1** The new library button.el implements simple and fast `clickablebuttons' in Emacs buffers. Buttons are much lighter-weight than the`widgets' implemented by widget.el, and can be used by lisp code thatdoesn't require the full power of widgets. Emacs uses buttons forsuch things as help and apropos buffers.** The new library tree-widget.el provides a widget to display a setof hierarchical data as an outline. For example, the tree-widget iswell suited to display a hierarchy of directories and files.** The new library bindat.el provides functions to unpack and packbinary data structures, such as network packets, to and from Lispdata structures.** master-mode.el implements a minor mode for scrolling a slavebuffer without leaving your current buffer, the master buffer.It can be used by sql.el, for example: the SQL buffer is the masterand its SQLi buffer is the slave. This allows you to scroll the SQLibuffer containing the output from the SQL buffer containing thecommands.This is how to use sql.el and master.el together: the variablesql-buffer contains the slave buffer. It is a local variable in theSQL buffer.(add-hook 'sql-mode-hook (function (lambda () (master-mode t) (master-set-slave sql-buffer))))(add-hook 'sql-set-sqli-hook (function (lambda () (master-set-slave sql-buffer))))** The new library benchmark.el does timing measurements on Lisp code.This includes measuring garbage collection time.** The new library testcover.el does test coverage checking.This is so you can tell whether you've tested all paths in your Lispcode. It works with edebug.The function `testcover-start' instruments all functions in a givenfile. Then test your code. The function `testcover-mark-all' addsoverlay "splotches" to the Lisp file's buffer to show where coverageis lacking. The command `testcover-next-mark' (bind it to a key!)will move point forward to the next spot that has a splotch.Normally, a red splotch indicates the form was never completelyevaluated; a brown splotch means it always evaluated to the samevalue. The red splotches are skipped for forms that can't possiblycomplete their evaluation, such as `error'. The brown splotches areskipped for forms that are expected to always evaluate to the samevalue, such as (setq x 14).For difficult cases, you can add do-nothing macros to your code tohelp out the test coverage tool. The macro `noreturn' suppresses ared splotch. It is an error if the argument to `noreturn' doesreturn. The macro `1value' suppresses a brown splotch for its argument.This macro is a no-op except during test-coverage -- then it signalsan error if the argument actually returns differing values.----------------------------------------------------------------------This file is part of GNU Emacs.GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modifyit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published bythe Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or(at your option) any later version.GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty ofMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See theGNU General Public License for more details.You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public Licensealong with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.Local variables:mode: outlineparagraph-separate: "[ ]*$"end:arch-tag: 1aca9dfa-2ac4-4d14-bebf-0007cee12793