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| author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Mon, 28 Sep 1992 13:02:35 +0000 |
| parents | 3165b2697c78 |
| children | 9b80d7737d2b |
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/* Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988 Free Software Foundation, Inc. NO WARRANTY BECAUSE THIS PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, WE PROVIDE ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE STATE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING, FREE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION, INC, RICHARD M. STALLMAN AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THIS PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW WILL RICHARD M. STALLMAN, THE FREE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION, INC., AND/OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND REDISTRIBUTE THIS PROGRAM AS PERMITTED BELOW, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST MONIES, OR OTHER SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS) THIS PROGRAM, EVEN IF YOU HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, OR FOR ANY CLAIM BY ANY OTHER PARTY. GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TO COPY 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of this source file as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy a valid copyright notice "Copyright (C) 1987 Free Software Foundation, Inc."; and include following the copyright notice a verbatim copy of the above disclaimer of warranty and of this License. You may charge a distribution fee for the physical act of transferring a copy. 2. You may modify your copy or copies of this source file or any portion of it, and copy and distribute such modifications under the terms of Paragraph 1 above, provided that you also do the following: a) cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change; and b) cause the whole of any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is a derivative of this program or any part thereof, to be licensed at no charge to all third parties on terms identical to those contained in this License Agreement (except that you may choose to grant more extensive warranty protection to some or all third parties, at your option). c) You may charge a distribution fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. Mere aggregation of another unrelated program with this program (or its derivative) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other program under the scope of these terms. 3. You may copy and distribute this program (or a portion or derivative of it, under Paragraph 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Paragraphs 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: a) accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Paragraphs 1 and 2 above; or, b) accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party free (except for a nominal shipping charge) a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Paragraphs 1 and 2 above; or, c) accompany it with the information you received as to where the corresponding source code may be obtained. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form alone.) For an executable file, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains; but, as a special exception, it need not include source code for modules which are standard libraries that accompany the operating system on which the executable file runs. 4. You may not copy, sublicense, distribute or transfer this program except as expressly provided under this License Agreement. Any attempt otherwise to copy, sublicense, distribute or transfer this program is void and your rights to use the program under this License agreement shall be automatically terminated. However, parties who have received computer software programs from you with this License Agreement will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 5. If you wish to incorporate parts of this program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the Free Software Foundation at 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139. We have not yet worked out a simple rule that can be stated here, but we will often permit this. We will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software. In other words, you are welcome to use, share and improve this program. You are forbidden to forbid anyone else to use, share and improve what you give them. Help stamp out software-hoarding! */ /* * unexec.c - Convert a running program into an a.out file. * * Author: Spencer W. Thomas * Computer Science Dept. * University of Utah * Date: Tue Mar 2 1982 * Modified heavily since then. * * Synopsis: * unexec (new_name, a_name, data_start, bss_start, entry_address) * char *new_name, *a_name; * unsigned data_start, bss_start, entry_address; * * Takes a snapshot of the program and makes an a.out format file in the * file named by the string argument new_name. * If a_name is non-NULL, the symbol table will be taken from the given file. * On some machines, an existing a_name file is required. * * The boundaries within the a.out file may be adjusted with the data_start * and bss_start arguments. Either or both may be given as 0 for defaults. * * Data_start gives the boundary between the text segment and the data * segment of the program. The text segment can contain shared, read-only * program code and literal data, while the data segment is always unshared * and unprotected. Data_start gives the lowest unprotected address. * The value you specify may be rounded down to a suitable boundary * as required by the machine you are using. * * Specifying zero for data_start means the boundary between text and data * should not be the same as when the program was loaded. * If NO_REMAP is defined, the argument data_start is ignored and the * segment boundaries are never changed. * * Bss_start indicates how much of the data segment is to be saved in the * a.out file and restored when the program is executed. It gives the lowest * unsaved address, and is rounded up to a page boundary. The default when 0 * is given assumes that the entire data segment is to be stored, including * the previous data and bss as well as any additional storage allocated with * break (2). * * The new file is set up to start at entry_address. * * If you make improvements I'd like to get them too. * harpo!utah-cs!thomas, thomas@Utah-20 * */ /* Even more heavily modified by james@bigtex.cactus.org of Dell Computer Co. * ELF support added. * * Basic theory: the data space of the running process needs to be * dumped to the output file. Normally we would just enlarge the size * of .data, scooting everything down. But we can't do that in ELF, * because there is often something between the .data space and the * .bss space. * * In the temacs dump below, notice that the Global Offset Table * (.got) and the Dynamic link data (.dynamic) come between .data1 and * .bss. It does not work to overlap .data with these fields. * * The solution is to create a new .data segment. This segment is * filled with data from the current process. Since the contents of * various sections refer to sections by index, the new .data segment * is made the last in the table to avoid changing any existing index. * This is an example of how the section headers are changed. "Addr" * is a process virtual address. "Offset" is a file offset. raid:/nfs/raid/src/dist-18.56/src> dump -h temacs temacs: **** SECTION HEADER TABLE **** [No] Type Flags Addr Offset Size Name Link Info Adralgn Entsize [1] 1 2 0x80480d4 0xd4 0x13 .interp 0 0 0x1 0 [2] 5 2 0x80480e8 0xe8 0x388 .hash 3 0 0x4 0x4 [3] 11 2 0x8048470 0x470 0x7f0 .dynsym 4 1 0x4 0x10 [4] 3 2 0x8048c60 0xc60 0x3ad .dynstr 0 0 0x1 0 [5] 9 2 0x8049010 0x1010 0x338 .rel.plt 3 7 0x4 0x8 [6] 1 6 0x8049348 0x1348 0x3 .init 0 0 0x4 0 [7] 1 6 0x804934c 0x134c 0x680 .plt 0 0 0x4 0x4 [8] 1 6 0x80499cc 0x19cc 0x3c56f .text 0 0 0x4 0 [9] 1 6 0x8085f3c 0x3df3c 0x3 .fini 0 0 0x4 0 [10] 1 2 0x8085f40 0x3df40 0x69c .rodata 0 0 0x4 0 [11] 1 2 0x80865dc 0x3e5dc 0xd51 .rodata1 0 0 0x4 0 [12] 1 3 0x8088330 0x3f330 0x20afc .data 0 0 0x4 0 [13] 1 3 0x80a8e2c 0x5fe2c 0x89d .data1 0 0 0x4 0 [14] 1 3 0x80a96cc 0x606cc 0x1a8 .got 0 0 0x4 0x4 [15] 6 3 0x80a9874 0x60874 0x80 .dynamic 4 0 0x4 0x8 [16] 8 3 0x80a98f4 0x608f4 0x449c .bss 0 0 0x4 0 [17] 2 0 0 0x608f4 0x9b90 .symtab 18 371 0x4 0x10 [18] 3 0 0 0x6a484 0x8526 .strtab 0 0 0x1 0 [19] 3 0 0 0x729aa 0x93 .shstrtab 0 0 0x1 0 [20] 1 0 0 0x72a3d 0x68b7 .comment 0 0 0x1 0 raid:/nfs/raid/src/dist-18.56/src> dump -h xemacs xemacs: **** SECTION HEADER TABLE **** [No] Type Flags Addr Offset Size Name Link Info Adralgn Entsize [1] 1 2 0x80480d4 0xd4 0x13 .interp 0 0 0x1 0 [2] 5 2 0x80480e8 0xe8 0x388 .hash 3 0 0x4 0x4 [3] 11 2 0x8048470 0x470 0x7f0 .dynsym 4 1 0x4 0x10 [4] 3 2 0x8048c60 0xc60 0x3ad .dynstr 0 0 0x1 0 [5] 9 2 0x8049010 0x1010 0x338 .rel.plt 3 7 0x4 0x8 [6] 1 6 0x8049348 0x1348 0x3 .init 0 0 0x4 0 [7] 1 6 0x804934c 0x134c 0x680 .plt 0 0 0x4 0x4 [8] 1 6 0x80499cc 0x19cc 0x3c56f .text 0 0 0x4 0 [9] 1 6 0x8085f3c 0x3df3c 0x3 .fini 0 0 0x4 0 [10] 1 2 0x8085f40 0x3df40 0x69c .rodata 0 0 0x4 0 [11] 1 2 0x80865dc 0x3e5dc 0xd51 .rodata1 0 0 0x4 0 [12] 1 3 0x8088330 0x3f330 0x20afc .data 0 0 0x4 0 [13] 1 3 0x80a8e2c 0x5fe2c 0x89d .data1 0 0 0x4 0 [14] 1 3 0x80a96cc 0x606cc 0x1a8 .got 0 0 0x4 0x4 [15] 6 3 0x80a9874 0x60874 0x80 .dynamic 4 0 0x4 0x8 [16] 8 3 0x80c6800 0x7d800 0 .bss 0 0 0x4 0 [17] 2 0 0 0x7d800 0x9b90 .symtab 18 371 0x4 0x10 [18] 3 0 0 0x87390 0x8526 .strtab 0 0 0x1 0 [19] 3 0 0 0x8f8b6 0x93 .shstrtab 0 0 0x1 0 [20] 1 0 0 0x8f949 0x68b7 .comment 0 0 0x1 0 [21] 1 3 0x80a98f4 0x608f4 0x1cf0c .data 0 0 0x4 0 * This is an example of how the file header is changed. "Shoff" is * the section header offset within the file. Since that table is * after the new .data section, it is moved. "Shnum" is the number of * sections, which we increment. * * "Phoff" is the file offset to the program header. "Phentsize" and * "Shentsz" are the program and section header entries sizes respectively. * These can be larger than the apparent struct sizes. raid:/nfs/raid/src/dist-18.56/src> dump -f temacs temacs: **** ELF HEADER **** Class Data Type Machine Version Entry Phoff Shoff Flags Ehsize Phentsize Phnum Shentsz Shnum Shstrndx 1 1 2 3 1 0x80499cc 0x34 0x792f4 0 0x34 0x20 5 0x28 21 19 raid:/nfs/raid/src/dist-18.56/src> dump -f xemacs xemacs: **** ELF HEADER **** Class Data Type Machine Version Entry Phoff Shoff Flags Ehsize Phentsize Phnum Shentsz Shnum Shstrndx 1 1 2 3 1 0x80499cc 0x34 0x96200 0 0x34 0x20 5 0x28 22 19 * These are the program headers. "Offset" is the file offset to the * segment. "Vaddr" is the memory load address. "Filesz" is the * segment size as it appears in the file, and "Memsz" is the size in * memory. Below, the third segment is the code and the fourth is the * data: the difference between Filesz and Memsz is .bss raid:/nfs/raid/src/dist-18.56/src> dump -o temacs temacs: ***** PROGRAM EXECUTION HEADER ***** Type Offset Vaddr Paddr Filesz Memsz Flags Align 6 0x34 0x8048034 0 0xa0 0xa0 5 0 3 0xd4 0 0 0x13 0 4 0 1 0x34 0x8048034 0 0x3f2f9 0x3f2f9 5 0x1000 1 0x3f330 0x8088330 0 0x215c4 0x25a60 7 0x1000 2 0x60874 0x80a9874 0 0x80 0 7 0 raid:/nfs/raid/src/dist-18.56/src> dump -o xemacs xemacs: ***** PROGRAM EXECUTION HEADER ***** Type Offset Vaddr Paddr Filesz Memsz Flags Align 6 0x34 0x8048034 0 0xa0 0xa0 5 0 3 0xd4 0 0 0x13 0 4 0 1 0x34 0x8048034 0 0x3f2f9 0x3f2f9 5 0x1000 1 0x3f330 0x8088330 0 0x3e4d0 0x3e4d0 7 0x1000 2 0x60874 0x80a9874 0 0x80 0 7 0 */ #include <sys/types.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <memory.h> #include <string.h> #include <errno.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <elf.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #ifndef emacs #define fatal(a, b, c) fprintf(stderr, a, b, c), exit(1) #else extern void fatal(char *, ...); #endif /* Get the address of a particular section or program header entry, * accounting for the size of the entries. */ #define OLD_SECTION_H(n) \ (*(Elf32_Shdr *) ((byte *) old_section_h + old_file_h->e_shentsize * (n))) #define NEW_SECTION_H(n) \ (*(Elf32_Shdr *) ((byte *) new_section_h + new_file_h->e_shentsize * (n))) #define OLD_PROGRAM_H(n) \ (*(Elf32_Phdr *) ((byte *) old_program_h + old_file_h->e_phentsize * (n))) #define NEW_PROGRAM_H(n) \ (*(Elf32_Phdr *) ((byte *) new_program_h + new_file_h->e_phentsize * (n))) typedef unsigned char byte; /* **************************************************************** * unexec * * driving logic. * * In ELF, this works by replacing the old .bss section with a new * .data section, and inserting an empty .bss immediately afterwards. * */ void unexec (new_name, old_name, data_start, bss_start, entry_address) char *new_name, *old_name; unsigned data_start, bss_start, entry_address; { extern unsigned int bss_end; int new_file, old_file, new_file_size; /* Pointers to the base of the image of the two files. */ caddr_t old_base, new_base; /* Pointers to the file, program and section headers for the old and new * files. */ Elf32_Ehdr *old_file_h, *new_file_h; Elf32_Phdr *old_program_h, *new_program_h; Elf32_Shdr *old_section_h, *new_section_h; /* Point to the section name table in the old file */ char *old_section_names; Elf32_Addr old_bss_addr, new_bss_addr; Elf32_Word old_bss_size, new_data2_size; Elf32_Off new_data2_offset; Elf32_Addr new_data2_addr; int n, old_bss_index, old_data_index, new_data2_index; struct stat stat_buf; /* Open the old file & map it into the address space. */ old_file = open (old_name, O_RDONLY); if (old_file < 0) fatal ("Can't open %s for reading: errno %d\n", old_name, errno); if (fstat (old_file, &stat_buf) == -1) fatal ("Can't fstat(%s): errno %d\n", old_name, errno); old_base = mmap (0, stat_buf.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, old_file, 0); if (old_base == (caddr_t) -1) fatal ("Can't mmap(%s): errno %d\n", old_name, errno); #ifdef DEBUG fprintf (stderr, "mmap(%s, %x) -> %x\n", old_name, stat_buf.st_size, old_base); #endif /* Get pointers to headers & section names */ old_file_h = (Elf32_Ehdr *) old_base; old_program_h = (Elf32_Phdr *) ((byte *) old_base + old_file_h->e_phoff); old_section_h = (Elf32_Shdr *) ((byte *) old_base + old_file_h->e_shoff); old_section_names = (char *) old_base + OLD_SECTION_H(old_file_h->e_shstrndx).sh_offset; /* Find the old .bss section. Figure out parameters of the new * data2 and bss sections. */ for (old_bss_index = 1; old_bss_index < old_file_h->e_shnum; old_bss_index++) { #ifdef DEBUG fprintf (stderr, "Looking for .bss - found %s\n", old_section_names + OLD_SECTION_H(old_bss_index).sh_name); #endif if (!strcmp (old_section_names + OLD_SECTION_H(old_bss_index).sh_name, ".bss")) break; } if (old_bss_index == old_file_h->e_shnum) fatal ("Can't find .bss in %s.\n", old_name, 0); old_bss_addr = OLD_SECTION_H(old_bss_index).sh_addr; old_bss_size = OLD_SECTION_H(old_bss_index).sh_size; #if defined(emacs) || !defined(DEBUG) bss_end = (unsigned int) sbrk (0); new_bss_addr = (Elf32_Addr) bss_end; #else new_bss_addr = old_bss_addr + old_bss_size + 0x1234; #endif new_data2_addr = old_bss_addr; new_data2_size = new_bss_addr - old_bss_addr; new_data2_offset = OLD_SECTION_H(old_bss_index).sh_offset; #ifdef DEBUG fprintf (stderr, "old_bss_index %d\n", old_bss_index); fprintf (stderr, "old_bss_addr %x\n", old_bss_addr); fprintf (stderr, "old_bss_size %x\n", old_bss_size); fprintf (stderr, "new_bss_addr %x\n", new_bss_addr); fprintf (stderr, "new_data2_addr %x\n", new_data2_addr); fprintf (stderr, "new_data2_size %x\n", new_data2_size); fprintf (stderr, "new_data2_offset %x\n", new_data2_offset); #endif if ((unsigned) new_bss_addr < (unsigned) old_bss_addr + old_bss_size) fatal (".bss shrank when undumping???\n", 0, 0); /* Set the output file to the right size and mmap(2) it. Set * pointers to various interesting objects. stat_buf still has * old_file data. */ new_file = open (new_name, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666); if (new_file < 0) fatal ("Can't creat(%s): errno %d\n", new_name, errno); new_file_size = stat_buf.st_size + old_file_h->e_shentsize + new_data2_size; if (ftruncate (new_file, new_file_size)) fatal ("Can't ftruncate(%s): errno %d\n", new_name, errno); new_base = mmap (0, new_file_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, new_file, 0); if (new_base == (caddr_t) -1) fatal ("Can't mmap(%s): errno %d\n", new_name, errno); new_file_h = (Elf32_Ehdr *) new_base; new_program_h = (Elf32_Phdr *) ((byte *) new_base + old_file_h->e_phoff); new_section_h = (Elf32_Shdr *) ((byte *) new_base + old_file_h->e_shoff + new_data2_size); /* Make our new file, program and section headers as copies of the * originals. */ memcpy (new_file_h, old_file_h, old_file_h->e_ehsize); memcpy (new_program_h, old_program_h, old_file_h->e_phnum * old_file_h->e_phentsize); memcpy (new_section_h, old_section_h, old_file_h->e_shnum * old_file_h->e_shentsize); /* Fix up file header. We'll add one section. Section header is * further away now. */ new_file_h->e_shoff += new_data2_size; new_file_h->e_shnum += 1; #ifdef DEBUG fprintf (stderr, "Old section offset %x\n", old_file_h->e_shoff); fprintf (stderr, "Old section count %d\n", old_file_h->e_shnum); fprintf (stderr, "New section offset %x\n", new_file_h->e_shoff); fprintf (stderr, "New section count %d\n", new_file_h->e_shnum); #endif /* Fix up a new program header. Extend the writable data segment so * that the bss area is covered too. Find that segment by looking * for a segment that ends just before the .bss area. Make sure * that no segments are above the new .data2. Put a loop at the end * to adjust the offset and address of any segment that is above * data2, just in case we decide to allow this later. */ for (n = new_file_h->e_phnum - 1; n >= 0; n--) { if (NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_vaddr + NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_filesz > old_bss_addr) fatal ("Program segment above .bss in %s\n", old_name, 0); if (NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_type == PT_LOAD && (NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_vaddr + NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_filesz == old_bss_addr)) break; } if (n < 0) fatal ("Couldn't find segment next to .bss in %s\n", old_name, 0); NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_filesz += new_data2_size; NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_memsz = NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_filesz; #if 0 /* Maybe allow section after data2 - does this ever happen? */ for (n = new_file_h->e_phnum - 1; n >= 0; n--) { if (NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_vaddr && NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_vaddr >= new_data2_addr) NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_vaddr += new_data2_size - old_bss_size; if (NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_offset >= new_data2_offset) NEW_PROGRAM_H(n).p_offset += new_data2_size; } #endif /* Fix up section headers based on new .data2 section. Any section * whose offset or virtual address is after the new .data2 section * gets its value adjusted. .bss size becomes zero and new address * is set. data2 section header gets added by copying the existing * .data header and modifying the offset, address and size. */ for (n = 1; n < new_file_h->e_shnum; n++) { if (NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_offset >= new_data2_offset) NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_offset += new_data2_size; if (NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_addr && NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_addr >= new_data2_addr) NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_addr += new_data2_size - old_bss_size; } new_data2_index = old_file_h->e_shnum; for (old_data_index = 1; old_data_index < old_file_h->e_shnum; old_data_index++) if (!strcmp (old_section_names + OLD_SECTION_H(old_data_index).sh_name, ".data")) break; if (old_data_index == old_file_h->e_shnum) fatal ("Can't find .data in %s.\n", old_name, 0); memcpy (&NEW_SECTION_H(new_data2_index), &OLD_SECTION_H(old_data_index), new_file_h->e_shentsize); NEW_SECTION_H(new_data2_index).sh_addr = new_data2_addr; NEW_SECTION_H(new_data2_index).sh_offset = new_data2_offset; NEW_SECTION_H(new_data2_index).sh_size = new_data2_size; NEW_SECTION_H(old_bss_index).sh_size = 0; NEW_SECTION_H(old_bss_index).sh_addr = new_data2_addr + new_data2_size; /* Write out the sections. .data and .data1 (and data2, called * ".data" in the strings table) get copied from the current process * instead of the old file. */ for (n = new_file_h->e_shnum - 1; n; n--) { caddr_t src; if (NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_type == SHT_NULL || NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_type == SHT_NOBITS) continue; if (!strcmp (old_section_names + NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_name, ".data") || !strcmp ((old_section_names + NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_name), ".data1")) src = (caddr_t) NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_addr; else src = old_base + OLD_SECTION_H(n).sh_offset; memcpy (NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_offset + new_base, src, NEW_SECTION_H(n).sh_size); } /* Close the files and make the new file executable */ if (close (old_file)) fatal ("Can't close(%s): errno %d\n", old_name, errno); if (close (new_file)) fatal ("Can't close(%s): errno %d\n", new_name, errno); if (stat (new_name, &stat_buf) == -1) fatal ("Can't stat(%s): errno %d\n", new_name, errno); n = umask (777); umask (n); stat_buf.st_mode |= 0111 & ~n; if (chmod (new_name, stat_buf.st_mode) == -1) fatal ("Can't chmod(%s): errno %d\n", new_name, errno); }