# HG changeset patch # User Glenn Morris # Date 1189053354 0 # Node ID 19c35a651eb60a856e7431574a6a3085e0c60b75 # Parent 292361af46d02cd2dc2bd31dbd2b4a38990a7bc9 Move to ../doc/emacs/, misc/ diff -r 292361af46d0 -r 19c35a651eb6 man/entering.texi --- a/man/entering.texi Thu Sep 06 04:35:49 2007 +0000 +++ /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 @@ -1,170 +0,0 @@ -@c This is part of the Emacs manual. -@c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 2001, 2002, 2003, -@c 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. -@node Entering Emacs, Exiting, Text Characters, Top -@chapter Entering and Exiting Emacs -@cindex entering Emacs -@cindex starting Emacs - - The usual way to invoke Emacs is with the shell command -@command{emacs}. Emacs clears the screen, then displays an initial -help message and copyright notice. Some operating systems discard -your type-ahead when Emacs starts up; they give Emacs no way to -prevent this. On those systems, wait for Emacs to clear the screen -before you start typing. - - From a shell window under the X Window System, run Emacs in the -background with @command{emacs&}. This way, Emacs won't tie up the -shell window, so you can use it to run other shell commands while -Emacs is running. You can type Emacs commands as soon as you direct -your keyboard input to an Emacs frame. - -@vindex initial-major-mode - When Emacs starts up, it creates a buffer named @samp{*scratch*}. -That's the buffer you start out in. The @samp{*scratch*} buffer uses -Lisp Interaction mode; you can use it to type Lisp expressions and -evaluate them. You can also ignore that capability and just write notes -there. You can specify a different major mode for this buffer by -setting the variable @code{initial-major-mode} in your init file. -@xref{Init File}. - - It is possible to specify files to be visited, Lisp files to be -loaded, and functions to be called through Emacs command-line -arguments. @xref{Emacs Invocation}. The feature exists mainly for -compatibility with other editors, and for scripts. - - Many editors are designed to edit one file. When done with that -file, you exit the editor. The next time you want to edit a file, you -must start the editor again. Working this way, it is convenient to -use a command-line argument to say which file to edit. - - However, killing Emacs after editing one each and starting it afresh -for the next file is both unnecessary and harmful, since it denies you -the full power of Emacs. Emacs can visit more than one file in a -single editing session, and that is the right way to use it. Exiting -the Emacs session loses valuable accumulated context, such as the kill -ring, registers, undo history, and mark ring. These features are -useful for operating on multiple files, or even continuing to edit one -file. If you kill Emacs after each file, you don't take advantage of -them. - - The recommended way to use GNU Emacs is to start it only once, just -after you log in, and do all your editing in the same Emacs session. -Each time you edit a file, you visit it with the existing Emacs, which -eventually has many files in it ready for editing. Usually you do not -kill Emacs until you are about to log out. @xref{Files}, for more -information on visiting more than one file. - - To edit a file from another program while Emacs is running, you can -use the @command{emacsclient} helper program to open a file in the -already running Emacs. @xref{Emacs Server}. - -@ifnottex -@raisesections -@end ifnottex - -@node Exiting, Basic, Entering Emacs, Top -@section Exiting Emacs -@cindex exiting -@cindex killing Emacs -@cindex suspending -@cindex leaving Emacs -@cindex quitting Emacs - - There are two commands for exiting Emacs, and three kinds of -exiting: @dfn{iconifying} Emacs, @dfn{suspending} Emacs, and -@dfn{killing} Emacs. - - @dfn{Iconifying} means replacing the Emacs frame with a small box or -``icon'' on the screen. This is the usual way to exit Emacs when -you're using a graphical display---if you bother to ``exit'' at all. -(Just switching to another application is usually sufficient.) - - @dfn{Suspending} means stopping Emacs temporarily and returning -control to its parent process (usually a shell), allowing you to -resume editing later in the same Emacs job. This is the usual way to -exit Emacs when running it on a text terminal. - - @dfn{Killing} Emacs means destroying the Emacs job. You can run Emacs -again later, but you will get a fresh Emacs; there is no way to resume -the same editing session after it has been killed. - -@table @kbd -@item C-z -Suspend Emacs (@code{suspend-emacs}) or iconify a frame -(@code{iconify-or-deiconify-frame}). -@item C-x C-c -Kill Emacs (@code{save-buffers-kill-emacs}). -@end table - -@kindex C-z -@findex iconify-or-deiconify-frame - On graphical displays, @kbd{C-z} runs the command -@code{iconify-or-deiconify-frame}, which temporarily iconifies (or -``minimizes'') the selected Emacs frame (@pxref{Frames}). You can -then use the window manager to select some other application. (You -could select another application without iconifying Emacs first, but -getting the Emacs frame out of the way can make it more convenient to -find the other application.) - -@findex suspend-emacs - On a text terminal, @kbd{C-z} runs the command @code{suspend-emacs}. -Suspending Emacs takes you back to the shell from which you invoked -Emacs. You can resume Emacs with the shell command @command{%emacs} -in most common shells. On systems that don't support suspending -programs, @kbd{C-z} starts an inferior shell that communicates -directly with the terminal, and Emacs waits until you exit the -subshell. (The way to do that is probably with @kbd{C-d} or -@command{exit}, but it depends on which shell you use.) On these -systems, you can only get back to the shell from which Emacs was run -(to log out, for example) when you kill Emacs. - -@vindex cannot-suspend - Suspending can fail if you run Emacs under a shell that doesn't -support suspendion of its subjobs, even if the system itself does -support it. In such a case, you can set the variable -@code{cannot-suspend} to a non-@code{nil} value to force @kbd{C-z} to -start an inferior shell. - -@kindex C-x C-c -@findex save-buffers-kill-emacs - To exit and kill Emacs, type @kbd{C-x C-c} -(@code{save-buffers-kill-emacs}). A two-character key is used to make -it harder to type by accident. This command first offers to save any -modified file-visiting buffers. If you do not save them all, it asks -for confirmation with @kbd{yes} before killing Emacs, since any -changes not saved now will be lost forever. Also, if any subprocesses are -still running, @kbd{C-x C-c} asks for confirmation about them, since -killing Emacs will also kill the subprocesses. - -@vindex confirm-kill-emacs - If the value of the variable @code{confirm-kill-emacs} is -non-@code{nil}, @kbd{C-x C-c} assumes that its value is a predicate -function, and calls that function. If the result is non-@code{nil}, the -session is killed, otherwise Emacs continues to run. One convenient -function to use as the value of @code{confirm-kill-emacs} is the -function @code{yes-or-no-p}. The default value of -@code{confirm-kill-emacs} is @code{nil}. - - You can't resume an Emacs session after killing it. Emacs can, -however, record certain session information when you kill it, such as -which files you visited, so the next time you start Emacs it will try -to visit the same files. @xref{Saving Emacs Sessions}. - - The operating system usually listens for certain special characters -whose meaning is to kill or suspend the program you are running. -@b{This operating system feature is turned off while you are in Emacs.} -The meanings of @kbd{C-z} and @kbd{C-x C-c} as keys in Emacs were -inspired by the use of @kbd{C-z} and @kbd{C-c} on several operating -systems as the characters for stopping or killing a program, but that is -their only relationship with the operating system. You can customize -these keys to run any commands of your choice (@pxref{Keymaps}). - -@ifnottex -@lowersections -@end ifnottex - -@ignore - arch-tag: df798d8b-f253-4113-b585-f528f078a944 -@end ignore