Mercurial > emacs

--- a/etc/ChangeLog	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/etc/ChangeLog	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+2005-03-29  Reiner Steib  <Reiner.Steib@gmx.de>
+
+	* gnus-refcard.tex, gnus-logo.eps: New files.
+
 2005-03-23  David Ponce  <david@dponce.com>

 	* NEWS: Mention recentf-keep.
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/etc/gnus-logo.eps	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,1055 @@
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%Title: gnuslogo1.ps
+%%Creator: XV Version 3.00  Rev: 3/30/93  -  by John Bradley
+%%BoundingBox: 0 0 493 505
+%%Pages: 1
+%%DocumentFonts:
+%%EndComments
+%%EndProlog
+
+%%Page: 1 1
+
+% remember original state
+/origstate save def
+
+% build a temporary dictionary
+20 dict begin
+
+% define string to hold a scanline's worth of data
+/pix 62 string def
+
+% lower left corner
+0 0 translate
+
+% size of image (on paper, in 1/72inch coords)
+493.0 505.0 scale
+
+% dimensions of data
+493 505 1
+
+% mapping matrix
+[493 0 0 -505 0 505]
+
+{currentfile pix readhexstring pop}
+image
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+
+
+showpage
+
+% stop using temporary dictionary
+end
+
+% restore original state
+origstate restore
+
+%%Trailer
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/etc/gnus-refcard.tex	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,1427 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+
+% Previously we had five input LaTeX files (booklet.tex bk-lt.tex bk-a4.tex
+% refcard.tex gnusref.tex) and two logo files (gnuslogo-refcard.eps and
+% gnuslogo-booklet.eps).
+%
+% From this LaTeX file (gnus-refcard.tex) plus a single logo (gnus-logo.eps),
+% we can generate the refcard and the booklet version.  Appropriate Makefile
+% rules were added.  This simplifies to distribute the refcard with Emacs.
+%
+% (Reiner Steib, March 2005)
+
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+\ifthenelse{\isundefined{\booklettrue}}{
+  \typeout{Creating reference card...}
+}{
+  \typeout{Creating reference booklet...}}
+
+\usepackage{supertabular}
+
+\newlength{\logowidth}  \setlength{\logowidth} {6.861in}
+\newlength{\logoheight} \setlength{\logoheight}{7.013in}
+
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+
+\usepackage{geometry}
+
+\ifthenelse{\isundefined{\booklettrue}}{% ifcard %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  % Reference Card
+
+  \def\Guide{Card}\def\guide{card}
+  \def\logoscale{0.25}
+
+  % Page setup for the refcard:
+
+  % \setlength{\textwidth}{7.26in} \setlength{\textheight}{10in}
+  % \setlength{\topmargin}{-1.0in}
+  % % the same settings work for A4, although there is a bit of space at the
+  % % top and bottom of the page.
+  % \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.5in} \setlength{\evensidemargin}{-0.5in}
+
+  \ifthenelse{\isundefined{\letterpapertrue}}{
+    \geometry{a4paper,hmargin=10mm,tmargin=10mm,bmargin=35mm}
+  }{
+    \geometry{hmargin=20mm,tmargin=10mm,bmargin=12mm}
+  }
+
+}{ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  % Reference Booklet
+
+  \def\Guide{Booklet}\def\guide{booklet}
+  \def\logoscale{0.5}% FIXME: too large for 2up printing?  --rsteib
+
+  % FIXME: Use geometry package.  --rsteib
+%   \ifthenelse{\isundefined{\letterpapertrue}}{
+%     \textwidth 4.9in \textheight 7.35in \topmargin -1.0in
+%   }{
+%     \textwidth 4.5in \textheight 7.5in \topmargin -1.0in
+%   }
+%   \oddsidemargin -0.5in \evensidemargin -0.5in
+  \ifthenelse{\isundefined{\letterpapertrue}}{
+    \geometry{a5paper,hmargin=10mm,tmargin=10mm,bmargin=4mm}
+  }{
+    % FIXME: Use geometry package.  --rsteib
+    \geometry{a5paper,hmargin=20mm,tmargin=10mm,bmargin=4mm}
+  }
+
+  \def\sec{\section}
+  \def\subsec{\subsection}
+  \def\subsubsec{\subsubsection}
+  \def\blankpage{\vspace*{\fill}\par
+  %\centerline{(This page intentionally left blank.)}
+  \par\vspace*{\fill}\pagebreak}
+}%ifbooklet% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+% \input{gnusref} % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %
+%% include file for the Gnus refcard and booklet
+
+\def\progver{5.10}\def\refver{5.10-2} % program and refcard versions
+\def\date{Mar, 2005}
+\def\author{Gnus Bugfixing Girls + Boys $<$bugs@gnus.org$>$}
+
+%%
+\newlength{\keycolwidth}
+\newenvironment{keys}[1]% #1 is the widest key
+{\nopagebreak%\noindent%
+  \settowidth{\keycolwidth}{#1}%
+  \addtolength{\keycolwidth}{\tabcolsep}%
+  \addtolength{\keycolwidth}{-\columnwidth}%
+  \begin{supertabular}{@{}l@{\hspace{\tabcolsep}}p{-\keycolwidth}@{}}}%
+  {\end{supertabular}\\}
+
+%% uncomment the first definition if you do not want pagebreaks in maps
+%%\newcommand{\esamepage}{\samepage}
+\newcommand{\esamepage}{}
+
+\newcommand*{\B}[1]{{\bf#1})}    % bold l)etter
+
+\newcommand{\Title}{%
+  \begin{center}
+    {\bf\LARGE Gnus \progver\ Reference \Guide\\}
+                                %{\normalsize \Guide\ version \refver}
+  \end{center}
+  }
+
+% \newcommand*{\LogoOLD}[1]{\centerline{%
+%     \makebox[\logoscale\logowidth][l]{\vbox to \logoscale\logoheight
+%       {\vfill\epsfig{figure=gnuslogo-#1}}\vspace{-\baselineskip}}}}
+
+\newcommand*{\Logo}[1]{\centerline{%
+    \includegraphics[width=\logoscale\logowidth]{gnus-logo}}}
+
+\newcommand{\Copyright}{%
+  \begin{center}
+    Copyright \copyright\ 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\\*
+    Copyright \copyright\ 1995 Vladimir Alexiev
+    $<$vladimir@cs.ualberta.ca$>$.\\*
+    Copyright \copyright\ 2000 Felix Natter $<$fnatter@gmx.net$>$.\\*
+    Copyright \copyright\ 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005 \author.\\*
+    Created from the Gnus manual Copyright \copyright\ 1994 Lars Magne
+    Ingebrigtsen.\\*
+    and the Emacs Help Bindings feature (C-h b).\\*
+    Gnus logo copyright \copyright\ 1995 Luis Fernandes.\\*
+  \end{center}
+
+  Permission is granted to make and distribute copies of this reference
+  \guide{} provided the copyright notice and this permission are preserved on
+  all copies.  Please send corrections, additions and suggestions to the
+  current maintainer's email address. \Guide{} last edited on \date.
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\Notes}{%
+  \subsection*{Notes}
+  {\esamepage
+    Gnus is complex. Currently it has some 876 interactive (user-callable)
+    functions. Of these 618 are in the two major modes (Group and
+    Summary/Article). Many of these functions have more than one binding, some
+    have 3 or even 4 bindings. The total number of keybindings is 677. So in
+    order to save 40\% space, every function is listed only once on this
+    \guide, under the ``more logical'' binding. Alternative bindings are given
+    in parentheses in the beginning of the description.
+
+    Many Gnus commands are affected by the numeric prefix. Normally you enter a
+    prefix by holding the Meta key and typing a number, but in most Gnus modes
+    you don't need to use Meta since the digits are not self-inserting. The
+    prefixed behavior of commands is given in [brackets]. Often the prefix is
+    used to specify:
+
+    \quad [distance] How many objects to move the point over.
+
+    \quad [scope] How many objects to operate on (including the current one).
+
+    \quad [p/p] The ``Process/Prefix Convention'': If a prefix is given then it
+    determines how many objects to operate on. Else if there are some objects
+    marked with the process mark \#, these are operated on. Else only the
+    current object is affected.
+
+    \quad [level] A group subscribedness level. Only groups with a lower or
+    equal level will be affected by the operation. If no prefix is given,
+    `gnus-group-default-list-level' is used.  If
+    `gnus-group-use-permanent-levels', then a prefix to the `g' and `l'
+    commands will also set the default level.
+
+    \quad [score] An article score. If no prefix is given,
+    `gnus-summary-default-score' is used. \\*[\baselineskip]
+                                % some keys
+    Gnus startup-commands:\\*
+    \begin{keys}{M-x gnus-unplugged}
+      M-x gnus           & start Gnus. \\
+      M-x gnus-no-server & start Gnus without connecting to server
+      (i.e. to read mail). \\
+    \end{keys}
+    Additionally, there are the two commands \texttt{gnus-plugged} and
+    \texttt{gnus-unplugged}, which are only used if you want to download
+    news and/or read previously downloaded news offline (see C-c C-i g Gnus
+    Unplugged RET). Note: \texttt{gnus-no-server} ignores the stuff in
+    \texttt{gnus-agent-directory}, and thus does not allow you to use Gnus
+    Unplugged.
+                                %
+    \begin{keys}{C-c C-i}
+      C-c C-i & Go to the Gnus online {\bf info}.\\
+      C-c C-b & Send a Gnus {\bf bug} report.\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }}
+
+\newcommand{\GroupLevels}{%
+  The table below assumes that you use the default Gnus levels.
+  Fill your user-specific levels in the blank cells.\\[1\baselineskip]
+  \begin{tabular}{|c|l|l|}
+    \hline
+    Level & Groups & Status \\
+    \hline
+    1 & draft/mail groups   &              \\
+    2 & mail groups         &              \\
+    3 &                     & subscribed   \\
+    4 &                     &              \\
+    5 & default list level  &              \\
+    \hline
+    6 &                     & unsubscribed \\
+    7 &                     &              \\
+    \hline
+    8 &                     & zombies      \\
+    \hline
+    9 &                     & killed       \\
+    \hline
+  \end{tabular}}
+
+\newcommand{\MarkCharacters}{%
+  {\esamepage If a command directly sets a mark, it is shown in parentheses.\\*
+    \newlength{\markcolwidth}
+    \settowidth{\markcolwidth}{` '}% widest character
+    \addtolength{\markcolwidth}{4\tabcolsep}
+    \addtolength{\markcolwidth}{-\columnwidth}
+    \newlength{\markdblcolwidth}
+    \setlength{\markdblcolwidth}{\columnwidth}
+    \addtolength{\markdblcolwidth}{-2\tabcolsep}
+    \begin{tabular}{|c|p{-\markcolwidth}|}
+      \hline
+      \multicolumn{2}{|p{\markdblcolwidth}|}{{\bf ``Read'' Marks.}
+        All these marks appear in the first column of the summary line, and so
+        are mutually exclusive.}\\
+      \hline
+      ` ' & (M-u, M SPC, M c) Not read.\\
+      !   & (!, M !, M t) Ticked (interesting).\\
+      ?   & (?, M ?) Dormant (only followups are interesting).\\
+      E   & (E, M e, M x) {\bf Expirable}. Only has effect in mail groups.\\
+      G   & (C, B DEL) Canceled article (or deleted in mailgroups).\\
+      \$  & (M-d, M s x, S x).  Marked as spam.\\
+      \hline\hline
+      \multicolumn{2}{|p{\markdblcolwidth}|}
+      {The marks below mean that the article
+        is read (killed, uninteresting), and have more or less the same effect.
+        Some commands however explicitly differentiate between them (e.g.\ M
+        M-C-r, adaptive scoring).}\\
+      \hline
+      r   & (d, M d, M r) Deleted (marked as {\bf read}).\\
+      C   & (M C; M C-c; M H; c, Z c; Z n; Z C) Killed by {\bf catch-up}.\\
+      F   & SOUPed article. See the manual.\\
+      O   & {\bf Old} (read in a previous session).\\
+      K   & (k, M k; C-k, M K) {\bf Killed}.\\
+      M   & Article marked as read by duplicate suppression.\\
+      Q   & Article is part of a sparse thread (see ``Threading''
+      in the manual).\\
+      R   & {\bf Read} (viewed in actuality).\\
+      X   & Killed by a kill file.\\
+      Y   & Killed due to low score.\\
+      \hline\multicolumn{2}{c}{\vspace{1ex}}\\\hline
+      \multicolumn{2}{|p{\markdblcolwidth}|}
+      {{\bf Marks not affecting visibility}}\\
+      \hline
+      \#  & (\#, M \#, M P p) Processable (will be affected by the next operation).
+      [2]\\
+      A   & {\bf Answered} (followed-up or replied). [2]\\
+      F   & Forwarded. [2]\\
+      $\ast$  & Cached. [2]\\
+      S   & Saved. [2]\\
+      N   & Recently arrived. [2]\\
+      .   & Unseen. [2]\\
+      +   & Over default score. [3]\\
+      $-$ & Under default score. [3]\\
+      $=$ & Has children (thread underneath it). Add `\%e' to
+      `gnus-summary-line-format'. [3]\\
+      \hline
+    \end{tabular}
+    }}
+
+\newcommand{\GroupModeGeneral}{%
+  \begin{keys}{C-c M-C-x}
+    RET     & (=) Enter this group. [Prefix: how many (read) articles to fetch.
+    Positive: newest articles, negative: oldest ones; non-numerical:
+    view all articles, not just unread]\\
+    M-RET   & Enter group quickly.\\
+    M-SPC   & Same as RET but does not expunge and hide dormants.\\
+    M-C-RET & Enter group without any processing, changes will not be permanent.\\
+    SPC     & Select this group and display the first (unread) article. [Same
+    prefix as above.]\\
+    ?       & Give a very short help message.\\
+    $<$     & Go to the beginning of the Group buffer.\\
+    $>$     & Go to the end of the Group buffer.\\
+    ,       & Jump to the lowest-level group with unread articles.\\
+    .       & Jump to the first group with unread articles.\\
+    \^{}      & Enter the Server buffer mode.\\
+    a       & Post an {\bf article} to a group
+              [Prefix: use group under point to find posting-style].\\
+    b       & Find {\bf bogus} groups and delete them.\\
+    c       & Mark all unticked articles in this group as read ({\bf catch-up}).
+    [p/p]\\
+    g       & Check the server for new articles ({\bf get}). [level]\\
+    M-g     & Check the server for new articles in this group ({\bf get}). [p/p]\\
+    j       & {\bf Jump} to a group.\\
+    m       & {\bf Mail} a message to someone
+              [Prefix: use group under point to find posting-style].\\
+    n       & Go to the {\bf next} group with unread articles. [distance]\\
+    M-n     & Go to the {\bf next} group on the same or lower level.
+    [distance]\\
+    p       & (DEL) Go to the {\bf previous} group with unread articles.
+    [distance]\\
+    M-p     & Go to the {\bf previous} group on the same or lower level. [distance]\\
+    q       & {\bf Quit} Gnus.\\
+    r       & Re-read the init file ({\bf reset}).\\
+    s       & {\bf Save} the `.newsrc.eld' file (and `.newsrc' if
+    `gnus-save-newsrc-file').\\
+    z       & Suspend (kill all buffers of) Gnus.\\
+    B       & {\bf Browse} a foreign server.\\
+    C       & Mark all articles in this group as read ({\bf Catch-up}). [p/p]\\
+    F       & {\bf Find} new groups and process them.\\
+    N       & Go to the {\bf next} group. [distance]\\
+    P       & Go to the {\bf previous} group. [distance]\\
+    Q       & {\bf Quit} Gnus without saving any startup (.newsrc) files.\\
+    R       & {\bf Restart} Gnus.\\
+    Z       & Clear the dribble buffer.\\
+    M-c     & Clear data from group (marks and list of read articles). \\
+    C-c C-s & {\bf Sort} the groups by name, number of unread articles, or level
+    (depending on `gnus-group-sort-function').\\
+    C-c C-x & Run all expirable articles in this group through the {\bf expiry}
+    process.\\
+    C-c M-C-x & Run all articles in all groups through the {\bf expiry} process.\\
+    C-c M-g & Activate all {\bf groups}.\\
+    C-c C-i & Gnus online-manual ({\bf info}).\\
+    C-x C-t & {\bf Transpose} two groups.\\
+    H f     & Fetch this group's {\bf FAQ} (using ange-ftp).\\
+    H c     & Display this group's {\bf charter}. [Prefix: query for group]\\
+    H C     & Display this group's {\bf control message} (using
+    ange-ftp). [Prefix: query for group]\\
+    H v     & (V) Display the Gnus {\bf version} number.\\
+    H d     & (C-c C-d) Show the {\bf description} of this group
+    [Prefix: re-read from server].\\
+    M-d     & {\bf Describe} all groups. [Prefix: re-read from server]\\
+    D g     & Regenerate a Sieve script from group parameters.\\
+    D u     & Regenerate Sieve script and {\bf upload} to server.\\
+  \end{keys}
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\ListGroups}{%
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{A M}
+      A d     & (C-c C-M-a) List all groups whose names or {\bf descriptions} match a regexp.\\
+      A k     & (C-c C-l) List all {\bf killed} groups.
+      [Prefix: look at active-file from server]\\
+      A l     & List all groups on a specific level.
+      [Prefix: also list groups with no unread articles]\\
+      A a     & (C-c C-a) List all groups whose names match a regexp
+      ({\bf apropos}).\\
+      A A     & List the server's active-file.\\
+      A M     & List groups that {\bf match} a regexp.\\
+      A m     & List groups that {\bf match} a regexp and have unread articles.
+      [level]\\
+      A s     & (l) List all {\bf subscribed} groups with unread articles.
+      [level; 5 and lower is the default]\\
+      A u     & (L) List all groups (including read and {\bf unsubscribed}).
+      [level; 7 and lower is the default]\\
+      A z     & List all {\bf zombie} groups.\\
+      A c     & List all groups with cached articles. [level]\\
+      A ?     & List all groups with dormant articles. [level]\\
+    \end{keys}
+  }
+
+  \newcommand{\CreateEditGroups}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      The select methods are indicated in parentheses.\\*
+      \begin{keys}{G DEL}
+        G a     & Make the Gnus list {\bf archive} group. (nndir over ange-ftp)\\
+        G c     & {\bf Customize} this group's parameters.\\
+        G d     & Make a {\bf directory} group (every file must be a posting and files
+        must have numeric names). (nndir)\\
+        G D     & Enter a {\bf directory} as a (temporary) group.
+        (nneething without recording articles read)\\
+        G e     & (M-e) {\bf Edit} this group's select method.\\
+        G E     & {\bf Edit} this group's info (select method, articles read, etc).\\
+        G f     & Make a group based on a {\bf file}. (nndoc)\\
+        G h     & Make the Gnus {\bf help} (documentation) group. (nndoc)\\
+        G k     & Make a {\bf kiboze} group. (nnkiboze)\\
+        G m     & {\bf Make} a new group.\\
+        G p     & Edit this group's {\bf parameters}.\\
+        G r     & Rename this group (does not work with read-only groups!).\\
+        G u     & Create one of the groups mentioned in gnus-{\bf useful}-groups.\\
+        G v     & Add this group to a {\bf virtual} group. [p/p]\\
+        G V     & Make a new empty {\bf virtual} group. (nnvirtual)\\
+        G w     & Create ephemeral group based on web-search. [Prefix: make solid group
+        instead]\\
+        G R     & Make an {\bf RSS} group.\\
+        G DEL   & {\bf Delete} group [Prefix: delete all articles as well].\\
+        G x     & Expunge all deleted articles in an nnimap mailbox.\\
+        G l     & Edit ACL (Access Control {\bf List}) for an nnimap mailbox.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      You can also create mail-groups and read your mail with Gnus (very useful
+      if you are subscribed to mailing lists), using one of the methods
+      nnmbox, nnbabyl, nnml, nnmh, or nnfolder. Read about it in the online info
+      (C-c C-i g Reading Mail RET).
+      }}
+
+                                % TODO:
+  \newcommand{\SoupCommands}{%
+    \begin{keys}{G s w}
+      G s b   & gnus-group-brew-soup: not documented.\\
+      G s p   & gnus-soup-pack-packet: not documented.\\
+      G s r   & nnsoup-pack-replies: not documented.\\
+      G s s   & gnus-soup-send-replies: not documented.\\
+      G s w   & gnus-soup-save-areas: not documented.\\
+    \end{keys}}
+
+  \newcommand{\MarkGroups}{%
+    \begin{keys}{M m}
+      M m     & (\#) Set the process {\bf mark} on this group. [scope]\\
+      M r     & Mark all groups matching regular expression.\\
+      M u     & (M-\#) Remove the process mark from this group ({\bf unmark}).
+      [scope]\\
+      M U     & Remove the process mark from all groups (\textbf{umark all}).\\
+      M w     & Mark all groups in the current region. [prefix: unmark]\\
+      M b     & Mark all groups in the {\bf buffer}. [prefix: unmark]\\
+    \end{keys}}
+
+  \newcommand{\GroupTopicsGeneral}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      Topics are ``categories'' for groups. Press t in the group-buffer to
+      toggle gnus-topic-mode (C-c C-i g Group Topics RET).\\*
+      \begin{keys}{C-c C-x}
+        T n     & Prompt for topic {\bf name} and create it.\\
+        T m     & {\bf Move} the current group to some other topic [p/p].\\
+        T j     & {\bf Jump} to a topic.\\
+        T c     & {\bf Copy} the current group to some other topic [p/p].\\
+        T D     & Remove (not delete) the current group [p/p].\\
+        T M     & {\bf Move} all groups matching a regexp to a topic.\\
+        T C     & {\bf Copy} all groups matching a regexp to a topic.\\
+        T H     & Toggle {\bf hiding} of empty topics.\\
+        T r     & {\bf Rename} a topic.\\
+        T DEL   & Delete an empty topic.\\
+        T \#    & Mark all groups in the current topic with the process-mark.\\
+        T M-\#  & Remove the process-mark from all groups in the current topic.\\
+        T TAB   & (TAB) Indent current topic [Prefix: unindent].\\
+        M-TAB   & Unindent the current topic.\\
+        RET     & (SPC) Either unfold topic or enter group [level].\\
+        T s     & {\bf Show} the current topic. [Prefix: show permanently]\\
+        T h     & {\bf Hide} the current topic. [Prefix: hide permanently]\\
+        C-c C-x & Expire all articles in current group or topic.\\
+        C-k     & {\bf Kill} a group or topic.\\
+        C-y     & {\bf Yank} a group or topic.\\
+        A T     & List active-file using {\bf topics}.\\
+        G p     & Edit topic-{\bf parameters}.\\
+        T M-n   & Go to {\bf next} topic. [distance]\\
+        T M-p   & Go to {\bf previous} topic. [distance]\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\TopicSorting}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{T S m}
+        T S a  & Sort {\bf alphabetically}.\\
+        T S u  & Sort by number of {\bf unread} articles.\\
+        T S l  & Sort by group {\bf level}.\\
+        T S v  & Sort by group score ({\bf value}).\\
+        T S r  & Sort by group {\bf rank}.\\
+        T S m  & Sort by {\bf method}.\\
+        T S e  & Sort by {\bf server} name.\\
+        T S s  & Sort according to `gnus-group-sort-function'.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      With a prefix these commands will sort in reverse order.
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\SubscribeKillYankGroups}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{S C-k}
+        S k     & (C-k) {\bf Kill} this group.\\
+        S l     & Set the {\bf level} of this group. [p/p]\\
+        S s     & (U) Prompt for a group and toggle its {\bf subscription}.\\
+        S t     & (u) {\bf Toggle} subscription to this group. [p/p]\\
+        S w     & (C-w) Kill all groups in the region.\\
+        S y     & (C-y) {\bf Yank} the last killed group.\\
+        S z     & Kill all {\bf zombie} groups.\\
+        S C-k   & Kill all groups on a certain level.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\SummaryModeGeneral}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{M-RET}
+        SPC     & (A SPC, A n) Select an article, scroll it one page, move to the
+        next one.\\
+        DEL     & (A DEL, A p, b) Scroll this article one page back. [distance]\\
+        RET     & (A RET) Scroll this article one line forward. [distance]\\
+        M-RET   & (A M-RET) Scroll this article one line backward. [distance]\\
+        =       & Expand the Summary window (fullsize).
+        [Prefix: shrink to display article window]\\
+                                %
+        \&      & Execute a command on all articles whose header matches a regexp.
+        [Prefix: move backwards]\\
+        M-\&    & Execute a command on all articles having the process mark.\\
+                                %
+        M-n     & (G M-n) Go to the {\bf next} summary line of an unread article.
+        [distance]\\
+        M-p     & (G M-p) Go to the {\bf previous} summary line of an unread article.
+        [distance]\\
+        M-s     & {\bf Search} through all subsequent articles for a regexp.\\
+        M-r     & Search through all previous articles for a regexp.\\
+                                %
+        A P     & {\bf Postscript}-print current buffer.\\
+                                %
+        M-k     & Edit this group's {\bf kill} file.\\
+        M-K     & Edit the general {\bf kill} file.\\
+                                %
+        C-t     & Toggle {\bf truncation} of summary lines.\\
+        Y g     & Regenerate the summary-buffer.\\
+        Y c     & Insert all cached articles into the summary-buffer.\\
+                                %
+        M-C-e   & {\bf Edit} the group-parameters.\\
+        M-C-a   & Customize the group-parameters.\\
+                                %
+                                % article handling
+                                %
+        A $<$   & ($<$, A b) Scroll to the beginning of this article.\\
+        A $>$   & ($>$, A e) Scroll to the end of this article.\\
+        A s     & (s) Perform an i{\bf search} in the article buffer.\\
+                                %
+        A D     & (C-d) Un{\bf digestify} this article into a separate group.
+        [Prefix: force digest]\\
+        M-C-d   & Like C-d, but open several documents in nndoc-groups, wrapped
+        in an nnvirtual group [p/p]\\
+                                %
+        A g     & (g) (Re)fetch this article ({\bf get}). [Prefix: get raw version]\\
+        A r     & (\^{}, A \^{}) Fetch the parent(s) of this article.
+        [Prefix: if positive fetch \textit{n} ancestors;
+        negative: fetch only the \textit{n}th ancestor]\\
+        A t     & {\bf Translate} this article.\\
+        A R     & Fetch all articles mentioned in the {\bf References}-header.\\
+        A T     & Fetch full \textbf{thread} in which the current article appears.\\
+        M-\^{}  & Fetch the article with a given Message-ID.\\
+        S y     & {\bf Yank} the current article into an existing message-buffer.
+        [p/p]\\
+        A M     & Setup group parameters for {\bf mailing} lists from
+        headers. [Prefix: replace old settings]\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\MIMESummary}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      For the commands operating on one MIME part (a subset of gnus-article-*), a
+      prefix selects which part to operate on. If the point is placed over a
+      MIME button in the article buffer, use the corresponding bindings for the
+      article buffer instead.
+
+      \begin{keys}{W M w}
+        K v      & (b, W M b) {\bf View} the MIME-part.\\
+        K o      & {\bf Save} the MIME part.\\
+        K c      & {\bf Copy} the MIME part.\\
+        K e      & View the MIME part {\bf externally}.\\
+        K i      & View the MIME part {\bf internally}.\\
+        K $\mid$ & Pipe the MIME part to an external command.\\
+        K b      & Make all the MIME parts have buttons in front of them.\\
+        K m      & Try to repair {\bf multipart-headers}.\\
+        K C      & View the MIME part using a different {\bf charset}.\\
+        X m      & Save all parts matching a MIME type to a directory. [p/p]\\
+        M-t      & Toggle the buttonized display of the article buffer.\\
+        W M w    & Decode RFC2047-encoded words in the article headers.\\
+        W M c    & Decode encoded article bodies. [Prefix: prompt for charset]\\
+        W M v    & View all MIME parts in the current article.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\SortSummary}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{C-c C-s C-a}
+        C-c C-s C-a & Sort the summary-buffer by {\bf author}.\\
+        % C-c C-s C-t & Sort the summary-buffer by {\bf recipient}.\\ % No Gnus
+        C-c C-s C-d & Sort the summary-buffer by {\bf date}.\\
+        C-c C-s C-i & Sort the summary-buffer by article score.\\
+        C-c C-s C-l & Sort the summary-buffer by amount of {\bf lines}.\\
+        C-c C-s C-c & Sort the summary-buffer by length.\\
+        C-c C-s C-n & Sort the summary-buffer by article {\bf number}.\\
+        C-c C-s C-s & Sort the summary-buffer by {\bf subject}.\\
+        C-c C-s C-r & Sort the summary-buffer {\bf randomly}.\\
+        C-c C-s C-o & Sort the summary-buffer using the default method.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      With a prefix these functions sort in reverse order.
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\MailGroups}{% formerly \Bsubmap
+    {\esamepage
+      These commands (except `B c') are only valid in a mail group.\\*
+      \begin{keys}{B M-C-e}
+        B DEL   & (B backspace, B delete) {\bf Delete} the mail article from disk (!).
+        [p/p]\\
+        B B     & Crosspost this article to another group.\\
+        B c     & {\bf Copy} this article from any group to a mail group. [p/p]\\
+        B e     & {\bf Expire} all expirable articles in this group. [p/p]\\
+        B i     & {\bf Import} a random file into this group.\\
+        B I     & Create an empty article in this group.\\
+        B m     & {\bf Move} the article from one mail group to another. [p/p]\\
+        B p     & Query whether the article was {\bf posted} as well.\\
+        B q     & {\bf Query} where the article will end up after fancy splitting\\
+        B r     & {\bf Respool} this mail article. [p/p]\\
+        B t     & {\bf Trace} the fancy splitting patterns applied to this article.\\
+        B w     & (e) Edit this article.\\
+        B M-C-e & {\bf Expunge} (delete from disk) all expirable articles in this group
+        (!). [p/p]\\
+        K E     & {\bf Encrypt} article body. [p/p]\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\DraftGroup}{% formerly \Dsubmap
+    {\esamepage
+      The ``drafts''-group contains messages that have been saved but not sent
+      and rejected articles. \\*
+      \begin{keys}{B DEL}
+        D e      & \textbf{edit} message.\\
+        D s      & \textbf{Send} message. [p/p]\\
+        D S      & \textbf{Send} all messages.\\
+        D t      & \textbf{Toggle} sending (mark as unsendable).\\
+        B DEL    & \textbf{Delete} message (like in mailgroup).\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\SelectArticles}{% formerly \Gsubmap
+    {\esamepage
+      These commands select the target article. They do not understand the prefix.\\*
+      \begin{keys}{G C-n}
+        h       & Enter article-buffer.\\
+        G b     & (,) Go to the {\bf best} article (the one with highest score).\\
+        G f     & (.) Go to the {\bf first} unread article.\\
+        G n     & (n) Go to the {\bf next} unread article.\\
+        G p     & (p) Go to the {\bf previous} unread article.\\
+                                %
+        G N     & (N) Go to {\bf the} next article.\\
+        G P     & (P) Go to the {\bf previous} article.\\
+                                %
+        G C-n   & (M-C-n) Go to the {\bf next} article with the same subject.\\
+        G C-p   & (M-C-p) Go to the {\bf previous} article with the same subject.\\
+                                %
+        G l     & (l) Go to the previously read article ({\bf last-read-article}).\\
+        G o     & Pop an article off the summary history and go to it.\\
+                                %
+        G g     & Search an article via subject.\\
+        G j     & (j) Search an article via Message-Id or subject.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\ArticleModeGeneral}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      The normal navigation keys work in Article mode. Some additional keys are:\\
+      \begin{keys}{C-c RET}
+        C-c \^{} & Get the article with the Message-ID near point.\\
+        C-c RET & Send reply to address near point.\\
+        h       & Go to the \textbf{header}-line of the article in the
+        summary-buffer.\\
+        s       & Go to \textbf{summary}-buffer.\\
+        RET     & (middle mouse button) Activate the button at point to follow
+        an URL or Message-ID.\\
+        TAB     & Move the point to the next button.\\
+        M-TAB   & Move point to previous button.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\WashArticle}{% formerly \Wsubmap
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{W W H}
+        W 6     & Translate a base64 article.\\
+        W a     & Strip certain {\bf headers} from body.\\
+        W b     & Make Message-IDs and URLs in the article mouse-clickable
+        {\bf buttons}.\\
+        W c     & Translate CRLF-pairs to LF and then the remaining CR's to LF's.\\
+        W d     & Treat {\bf dumbquotes}.\\
+        W e     & Treat {\bf emphasized} text.\\
+        W h     & Treat {\bf HTML}.\\
+        W l     & (w) Remove page breaks ({\bf\^{}L}) from the article.\\
+        W m     & {\bf Morse} decode article.\\
+        W o     & Treat {\bf overstrike} or underline (\^{}H\_) in the article.\\
+        W p     & Verify X-{\bf PGP}-Sig header.\\
+        W q     & Treat {\bf quoted}-printable in the article.\\
+        W r     & (C-c C-r) Do a Caesar {\bf rotate} (rot13) on the article.\\
+        W s     & Verify (and decrypt) a {\bf signed} message.\\
+        W t     & (t) {\bf Toggle} display of all headers.\\
+        W u     & {\bf Unsplit} broken URLs.\\
+        W v     & (v) Toggle permanent {\bf verbose} displaying of all headers.\\
+        W w     & Do word {\bf wrap} in the article.\\
+        W B     & Add clickable {\bf buttons} to the article headers.\\
+        W C     & {\bf Capitalize} first word in each sentence.\\
+        W Q     & Fill long lines.\\
+        W Z     & Translate a HZ-encoded article.\\
+                                %
+        W G u   & {\bf Unfold} folded header lines.\\
+        W G f   & {\bf Fold} all header lines.\\
+        W G n   & Unfold {\bf Newsgroups:} and Follow-Up-To:.\\
+                                %
+        W Y c   & Repair broken {\bf citations}.\\
+        W Y a   & Repair broken {\bf attribution} lines.\\
+        W Y u   & {\bf Unwrap} broken citation lines.\\
+        W Y f   & Do a {\bf full} deuglification (W Y c, W Y a, W Y u).\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\BlankAndWhitespace}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{W E w}
+        W E l   & Strip blank {\bf lines} from the beginning of the article.\\
+        W E m   & Replace blank lines with empty lines and remove {\bf multiple}
+        blank lines.\\
+        W E t   & Remove {\bf trailing} blank lines.\\
+        W E a   & Strip blank lines at the beginning and the end
+        (W E l, W E m and W E t).\\
+        W E A   & Strip {\bf all} blank lines.\\
+        W E s   & Strip leading blank lines from the article body.\\
+        W E e   & Strip trailing blank lines from the article body.\\
+        W E w   & Remove leading {\bf whitespace} from all headers.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\Picons}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{W D D}
+        W D s   & (W g) Display {\bf smilies}.\\
+        W D x   & (W f) Look for and display any X-{\bf Face} headers.\\
+        W D d   & Display any Face headers.\\
+        W D n   & Toggle picons in {\bf Newsgroups} and Followup-To.\\
+        W D m   & Toggle picons in {\bf mail} headers (To and Cc).\\
+        W D f   & Toggle picons in {\bf From}.\\
+        W D D   & Remove all images from the article buffer.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\TimeAndDate}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{W T u}
+        W T u   & (W T z) Display the article timestamp in GMT ({\bf UT, ZULU}).\\
+        W T i   & Display the article timestamp in {\bf ISO} 8601.\\
+        W T l   & Display the article timestamp in the {\bf local} timezone.\\
+        W T s   & Display according to `gnus-article-time-format'.\\
+        W T e   & Display the time {\bf elapsed} since it was sent.\\
+        W T o   & Display the {\bf original} timestamp.\\
+        W T p   & Display the date in format that's {\bf
+          pronounceable} in English.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  \newcommand{\HideHighlightArticle}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{W W C-c}
+        W W a   & Hide {\bf all} unwanted parts. Calls W W h, W W s, W W C-c.\\
+        W W h   & Hide article {\bf headers}.\\
+        W W b   & Hide {\bf boring} headers.\\
+        W W s   & Hide {\bf signature}.\\
+        W W l   & Hide {\bf list} identifiers in subject-header.\\
+        W W P   & Hide {\bf PEM} (privacy enhanced messages).\\
+        W W B   & Hide banner specified by group parameter.\\
+        W W c   & Hide {\bf citation}.\\
+        W W C-c & Hide {\bf citation} using a more intelligent algorithm.\\
+        W W C   & Hide cited text in articles that aren't roots.\\
+        W H a   & Highlight {\bf all} parts. Calls W b, W H c, W H h, W H s.\\
+        W H c   & Highlight article {\bf citations}.\\
+        W H h   & Highlight article {\bf headers}.\\
+        W H s   & Highlight article {\bf signature}.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      For all hiding-commands: A positive prefix always hides, and a negative
+      prefix will show what was previously hidden.
+      }}
+
+  \newcommand{\MIMEArticleMode}{%
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{RET}
+        RET     & (BUTTON-2) Toggle display of the MIME object.\\
+        v       & Prompt for a method and then view object using this method.\\
+        o       & Prompt for a filename and save the MIME object.\\
+        C-o     & Prompt for a filename to save the MIME object to and remove it.\\
+        d       & {\bf Delete} the MIME object.\\
+        c       & {\bf Copy} the MIME object to a new buffer and display this buffer.\\
+        i       & Display the MIME object in this buffer.\\
+        C       & Copy the MIME object to a new buffer and display this buffer using {\bf Charset} \\
+        E       & View internally. \\
+        e       & View {\bf externally}. \\
+        t       & View the MIME object as a different {\bf type}.\\
+        p       & {\bf Print} the MIME object.\\
+        $\mid$  & Pipe the MIME object to a process.\\
+        .       & Take action on the MIME object.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      }
+    }
+
+  %% end of article mode for reading ..........................................
+
+  \newcommand{\MarkArticlesGeneral}{% formerly \Msubmap
+    {\esamepage
+      \begin{keys}{M M-C-r}
+        d       & (M d, M r) Mark this article as read and move to the next one.
+        [scope]\\
+        D       & Mark this article as read and move to the previous one. [scope]\\
+        !       & (u, M !, M t) Tick this article (mark it as interesting) and move
+        to the next one. [scope]\\
+        U       & Tick this article and move to the previous one. [scope]\\
+        M ?     & (?) Mark this article as dormant (only followups are
+        interesting). [scope]\\
+        M D     & Show all {\bf dormant} articles (normally they are hidden unless they
+        have any followups).\\
+        M M-D   & Hide all {\bf dormant} articles.\\
+        C-w     & Mark all articles between point and mark as read.\\
+        M-u     & (M SPC, M c) Clear all marks from this article and move to the next
+        one. [scope]\\
+        M-U     & Clear all marks from this article and move to the previous one.
+        [scope]\\
+                                %
+        M e     & (E, M x) Mark this article as {\bf expirable}. [scope]\\
+                                %
+        M k     & (k) {\bf Kill} all articles with the same subject then select the
+        next unread one.\\
+        M K     & (C-k) {\bf Kill} all articles with the same subject as this one.\\
+                                %
+        M C     & {\bf Catch-up} the articles that are not ticked and not dormant.\\
+        M C-c   & {\bf Catch-up} all articles in this group.\\
+        M H     & {\bf Catch-up} (mark read) this group to point (to-{\bf here}).\\
+                                %
+        M b     & Set a {\bf bookmark} in this article.\\
+        M B     & Remove the {\bf bookmark} from this article.\\
+                                %
+        M M-r   & (x) Expunge all {\bf read} articles from this group.\\
+        M M-C-r & Expunge all articles having a given mark.\\
+        M S     & (C-c M-C-s) {\bf Show} all expunged articles.\\
+        M M C-h & Displays some more keys doing ticking slightly differently.\\
+      \end{keys}
+      The variable `gnus-summary-goto-unread' controls what happens after a mark
+      has been set (C-x C-i g Setting Marks RET)
+      }}
+
+  \newcommand{\MarkByScore}{%
+    \begin{keys}{M V m}
+      M V c   & {\bf Clear} all marks from all high-scored articles. [score]\\
+      M V k   & {\bf Kill} all low-scored articles. [score]\\
+      M V m   & Mark all high-scored articles with a given {\bf mark}. [score]\\
+      M V u   & Mark all high-scored articles as interesting (tick them). [score]\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\ProcessMark}{%
+  {\esamepage
+    These commands set and remove the process mark (\#). You only need to use
+    it if the set of articles you want to operate on is non-contiguous. Else
+    use a numeric prefix.\\*
+    \begin{keys}{M P R}
+      M P p   & (\#, M \#) Mark this article.\\
+      M P u   & (M-\#, M M-\#) \textbf{unmark} this article.\\
+      M P b   & Mark all articles in {\bf buffer}.\\
+      M P r   & Mark all articles in the {\bf region}.\\
+      M P g   & Unmark all articles in the region.\\
+      M P R   & Mark all articles matching a {\bf regexp}.\\
+      M P G   & Unmark all articles matching a regexp.\\
+      M P t   & Mark all articles in this (sub){\bf thread}.\\
+      M P T   & Unmark all articles in this (sub){\bf thread}.\\
+      M P s   & Mark all articles in the current {\bf series}.\\
+      M P S   & Mark all {\bf series} that already contain a marked article.\\
+      M P a   & Mark {\bf all} articles (in series order).\\
+      M P U   & \textbf{unmark} all articles.\\
+      M P i   & {\bf Invert} the list of process-marked articles.\\
+      M P k   & Push the current process-mark set onto stack and unmark
+      all articles.\\
+      M P y   & Pop process-mark set from stack and restore it.\\
+      M P w   & Push process-mark set on the stack.\\
+      M P v   & Mark all articles with score over the default score. [Prefix: score]\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\Limiting}{%
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{/M}
+      //   & (/s) Limit the summary-buffer to articles matching {\bf subject}.\\
+      /a   & Limit the summary-buffer to articles matching {\bf author}.\\
+      /x   & Limit depending on ``extra'' headers.\\
+      /u   & (x) Limit to {\bf unread} articles.
+      [Prefix: also exclude ticked and dormant articles]\\
+      /.   & Limit to unseen articles.\\
+      /m   & Limit to articles marked with specified {\bf mark}.\\
+      /t   & Ask for a number and exclude articles younger than that many days.
+      [Prefix: exclude older articles]\\
+      /n   & Limit to current article. [p/p]\\
+      /w   & Pop the previous limit off the stack and restore it.
+      [Prefix: pop all limits]\\
+      /v   & Limit to score. [score]\\
+      /E   & (M S) Include all expunged articles in the limit.\\
+      /D   & Include all dormant articles in the limit.\\
+      /*   & Limit to cached articles.\\
+      Y C  & Include all cached articles in the limit.\\
+      /d   & Exclude all dormant articles from the limit.\\
+      /M   & Exclude all marked articles.\\
+      /T   & Include all articles from the current thread in the limit.\\
+      /c   & Exclude all dormant articles that have no children from the limit.\\
+      /C   & Mark all excluded unread articles as read.
+      [Prefix: also mark ticked and dormant articles]\\
+      /o   & Insert all {\bf old} articles. [Prefix: how many]\\
+      /N   & Insert all {\bf new} articles.\\
+      /p   & Limit to articles {\bf predicated} in the `display' group parameter.\\
+      % /r   & Limit to {\bf replied} articles. [Prefix: unreplied]\\ % No Gnus
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\OutputArticles}{% formerly \Osubmap
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{O m}
+      O o     & (o, C-o) Save this article using the default article saver. [p/p]\\
+      O b     & Save this article's {\bf body} in plain file format [p/p]\\
+      O f     & Save this article in plain {\bf file} format. [p/p]\\
+      O F     & like O f, but overwrite file's contents. [p/p]\\
+      O h     & Save this article in {\bf mh} folder format. [p/p]\\
+      O m     & Save this article in {\bf mail} format. [p/p]\\
+      O r     & Save this article in {\bf rmail} format. [p/p]\\
+      O v     & Save this article in {\bf vm} format. [p/p]\\
+      O p     & ($\mid$) {\bf Pipe} this article to a shell command. [p/p]\\
+      O P     & \textbf{Print} this article using Muttprint. [p/p]\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\PostReplyetc}{% formerly \Ssubmap
+  {\esamepage
+    These commands put you in a separate news or mail buffer. See the section
+    about composing messages for more information.\\*
+                                %After
+                                %editing the article, send it by pressing C-c C-c.  If you are in a
+                                %foreign group and want to post the article using the foreign server, give
+                                %a prefix to C-c C-c.\\*
+    \begin{keys}{S O m}
+      S p     & (a) {\bf Post} an article to this group.\\
+      S f     & (f) Post a {\bf followup} to this article.\\
+      S F     & (F) Post a {\bf followup} and include the original. [p/p]\\
+      S o p   & Forward this article as a {\bf post} to a newsgroup.\\
+      S M-c   & Send a complaint about excessive crossposting to the author of this
+      article. [p/p]\\
+                                %
+      S m     & (m) Send a {\bf mail} to some other person.\\
+      S r     & (r) Mail a {\bf reply} to the author of this article.\\
+      S R     & (R) Mail a {\bf reply} and include the original. [p/p]\\
+      S B r   & Like S r but ignore the Reply-To: header.\\
+      S B R   & Like S R but ignore the Reply-To: header.\\
+      S w     & Mail a {\bf wide} reply to this article.\\
+      S W     & Mail a {\bf wide} reply to this article and include
+      the original.\\
+      S v     & Mail a {\bf very} wide reply to this article.\\
+      S V     & Mail a {\bf very} wide reply to this article and include the original.\\
+      S o m   & (C-c C-f) Forward this article by {\bf mail} to a person.\\
+      S D b   & Resend {\bf bounced} mail.\\
+      S D r   & {\bf Resend} mail to a different person.\\
+      S D e   & {\bf Edit} and resend.\\
+                                %
+      S n     & Post a followup via {\bf news} even if you got the message
+      through mail.\\
+      S N     & Post a followup via {\bf news} and include the original mail.
+      [p/p]\\
+                                %
+      S c     & (C) {\bf Cancel} this article (only works if it is
+      your own). [p/p]\\
+      S s     & {\bf Supersede} this article with a new one (only for own
+      articles).\\
+                                %
+      S O m   & Digest these series and forward by {\bf mail}. [p/p]\\
+      S O p   & Digest these series and forward as a {\bf post} to a newsgroup.
+      [p/p]\\
+                                %
+      S u     & {\bf Uuencode} a file and post it as a series.\\
+    \end{keys}
+    If you want to cancel or supersede an article you just posted (before it
+    has appeared on the server), go to the *post-news* buffer, change
+    `Message-ID' to `Cancel' or `Supersedes' and send it again with C-c C-c.
+    }}
+
+\newcommand{\Threading}{% formerly \Tsubmap
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{T M-\#}
+      T \#    & Mark this thread with the process mark.\\
+      T M-\#  & Remove process-marks from this thread.\\
+                                %
+      T t     & Re-{\bf thread} the current article's thread.\\
+      T \^{}  & Make the current article child of the marked (or previous) article.\\
+                                % movement
+      T n     & (M-C-f, M-down) Go to the {\bf next} thread. [distance]\\
+      T p     & (M-C-b, M-up) Go to the {\bf previous} thread. [distance]\\
+      T d     & {\bf Descend} this thread. [distance]\\
+      T u     & Ascend this thread ({\bf up}-thread). [distance]\\
+      T o     & Go to the top of this thread.\\
+                                %
+      T s     & {\bf Show} the thread hidden under this article.\\
+      T h     & {\bf Hide} this (sub)thread.\\
+                                %
+      T i     & {\bf Increase} the score of this thread.\\
+      T l     & (M-C-l) {\bf Lower} the score of this thread.\\
+                                %
+      T k     & (M-C-k) {\bf Kill} the current (sub)thread. [Negative prefix:
+      tick it, positive prefix: unmark it.]\\
+                                %
+      T H     & {\bf Hide} all threads.\\
+      T S     & {\bf Show} all hidden threads.\\
+      T T     & (M-C-t) {\bf Toggle} threading.\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\Scoring}{% formerly \Vsubmap
+  {\esamepage
+    Read about Adaptive Scoring in the online info.\\*
+    \begin{keys}{\bf A p m l}
+      V a     & {\bf Add} a new score entry, specifying all elements.\\
+      V c     & Specify a new score file as {\bf current}.\\
+      V e     & {\bf Edit} the current score alist.\\
+      V f     & Edit a score {\bf file} and make it the current one.\\
+      V m     & {\bf Mark} all articles below a given score as read.\\
+      V s     & Set the {\bf score} of this article.\\
+      V t     & Display all score rules applied to this article ({\bf track}).\\
+      W w     & List {\bf words} used in scoring.\\
+      V x     & {\bf Expunge} all low-scored articles. [score]\\
+      V C     & {\bf Customize} the current score file through a user-friendly
+      interface.\\
+      V F     & {\bf Flush} the cache of score files.\\
+      V R     & {\bf Re-score} the summary buffer.\\
+      V S     & Display the {\bf score} of this article.\\
+      \bf A p m l& Make a scoring entry based on this article.\\
+    \end{keys}
+    The four letters stand for:\\*
+    \quad \B{A}ction: I)ncrease, L)ower;\\*
+    \quad \B{p}art: a)uthor (from), s)ubject, x)refs (cross-posting), d)ate, l)ines,
+    message-i)d, t)references (parent), f)ollowup, b)ody, h)ead (all headers);\\*
+    \quad \B{m}atch type:\\*
+    \qquad string: s)ubstring, e)xact, r)egexp, f)uzzy,\\*
+    \qquad date: b)efore, a)t, n)this,\\*
+    \qquad number: $<$, =, $>$;\\*
+    \quad \B{l}ifetime: t)emporary, p)ermanent, i)mmediate.
+
+    If you type the second letter in uppercase, the remaining two are assumed
+    to be s)ubstring and t)emporary.
+    If you type the third letter in uppercase, the last one is assumed to be
+    t)emporary.
+
+    \quad Extra keys for manual editing of a score file:\\*
+    \begin{keys}{C-c C-c}
+      C-c C-c & Finish editing the score file.\\
+      C-c C-d & Insert the current {\bf date} as number of days.\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\ExtractSeries}{% formerly \Xsubmap
+  {\esamepage
+    Gnus recognizes if the current article is part of a series (multipart
+    posting whose parts are identified by numbers in their subjects, e.g.{}
+    1/10\dots10/10) and processes the series accordingly. You can mark and
+    process more than one series at a time. If the posting contains any
+    archives, they are expanded and gathered in a new group.\\*
+    \begin{keys}{X p}
+      X b     & Un-{\bf binhex} these series. [p/p]\\
+      X o     & Simply {\bf output} these series (no decoding). [p/p]\\
+      X p     & Unpack these {\bf postscript} series. [p/p]\\
+      X s     & Un-{\bf shar} these series. [p/p]\\
+      X u     & {\bf Uudecode} these series. [p/p]\\
+    \end{keys}
+
+    Each one of these commands has four variants:\\*
+    \begin{keys}{X v \bf Z}
+      X   \bf z & Decode these series. [p/p]\\
+      X   \bf Z & Decode and save these series. [p/p]\\
+      X v \bf z & Decode and view these series. [p/p]\\
+      X v \bf Z & Decode, save and view these series. [p/p]\\
+    \end{keys}
+    where {\bf z} or {\bf Z} identifies the decoding method (b, o, p, s, u).
+
+    An alternative binding for the most-often used of these commands is\\*
+    \begin{keys}{C-c C-v C-v}
+      C-c C-v C-v & (X v u) Uudecode and view these series. [p/p]\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }}
+
+\newcommand{\ExitSummary}{% formerly \Zsubmap
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{Z G}
+      Z Z     & (q, Z Q) Exit this group.\\
+      Z E     & (Q) {\bf Exit} without updating the group information.\\
+                                %
+      Z c     & (c) Mark all unticked articles as read ({\bf catch-up}) and exit.\\
+      Z C     & Mark all articles as read ({\bf catch-up}) and exit.\\
+                                %
+      Z n     & Mark all articles as read and go to the {\bf next} group.\\
+      Z N     & Exit and go to {\bf the} next group.\\
+      Z P     & Exit and go to the {\bf previous} group.\\
+                                %
+      Z G     & (M-g) Check for new articles in this group ({\bf get}).\\
+      Z R     & (C-x C-s) Exit this group, and then enter it again ({\bf reenter}).
+      [Prefix: select all articles, read and unread.]\\
+      Z s     & Update and save the dribble buffer. [Prefix: save .newsrc* as well]\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\MsgCompositionGeneral}{%
+  Press C-c ? in the composition-buffer to get this information.\\*
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{C-c C-m}
+                                % sending
+      C-c C-c & Send message and exit. [Prefix: send via foreign server]\\
+      C-c C-s & Send message. [Prefix: send via foreign server]\\
+      C-c C-d & Don't send message (save as \textbf{draft}).\\
+      C-c C-k & \textbf{Kill} message-buffer.\\
+      C-c C-m & {\bf Mail} reply to the address near point.
+      [Prefix: include the original]\\
+                                % modify headers/body
+      C-c C-o & Sort headers.\\
+      C-c C-e & \textbf{Elide} region.\\
+      C-c C-v & Kill everything outside region.\\
+      C-c C-r & Do a \textbf{Rot-13} on the body.\\
+      C-c C-w & Insert signature (from `message-signature-file').\\
+      C-c C-z & Kill everything up to signature.\\
+      C-c C-y & \textbf{Yank} original message.\\
+      C-c C-q & Fill the yanked message.\\
+      C-c M-C-y & \textbf{Yank} a buffer and quote it.\\
+      M-RET   & Insert four newlines and format quoted text. [Prefix:
+      justify as well]\\
+      C-c M-r & \textbf{Rename} message buffer. [Prefix: ask for new name]\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\MsgCompositionMovementArticle}{%
+  The following functions create the header-field if necessary.\\*
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{C-c C-f C-u}
+      C-c TAB & Move to \textbf{signature}.\\
+      C-c C-b & Move to \textbf{body}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-t & (C-c C-t) Move to \textbf{To:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-c & Move to \textbf{Cc:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-b & Move to \textbf{Bcc:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-w & Move to \textbf{Fcc:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-s & Move to \textbf{Subject:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-r & Move to \textbf{Reply-To:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-f & Move to \textbf{Followup-To:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-n & (C-c C-n) Move to \textbf{Newsgroups:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-u & Move to \textbf{Summary:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-k & Move to \textbf{Keywords:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-d & Move to \textbf{Distribution:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-m & Move to \textbf{Mail-Followup-To:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-o & Move to \textbf{From:}.\\
+      C-c C-f C-a & Insert a reasonable \textbf{Mail-Followup-To:} for
+      an unsubscribed list. [Prefix: include addresses in \textbf{Cc:}]\\
+      C-c C-f TAB & (C-c C-u) Move to \textbf{Importance:}.\\
+      C-c M-n     & Insert \textbf{Disposition-Notification-To:}
+      (request receipt).\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\MsgCompositionMML}{%
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{C-c C-m P}
+      C-c C-m f   & (C-c C-a) Attach \textbf{file}.\\
+      C-c C-m b   & Attach contents of \textbf{buffer}.\\
+      C-c C-m e   & Attach \textbf{external} file (ftp..).\\
+      C-c C-m P   & Create MIME-\textbf{preview} (new
+      buffer). [Prefix: show raw MIME preview]\\
+      C-c C-m v   & \textbf{Validate} article.\\
+      C-c C-m p   & Insert \textbf{part}.\\
+      C-c C-m m   & Insert \textbf{multi}-part.\\
+      C-c C-m q   & \textbf{Quote} region.\\
+      C-c C-m c s & Encrypt message using \textbf{S/MIME}.\\
+      C-c C-m c o & Encrypt message using PGP.\\
+      C-c C-m c p & Encrypt message using \textbf{PGP/MIME}.\\
+      C-c C-m s s & Sign message using \textbf{S/MIME}.\\
+      C-c C-m s o & Sign message using PGP.\\
+      C-c C-m s p & Sign message using \textbf{PGP/MIME}.\\
+      C-c C-m C-n & Remove security related MML tags from message.\\
+                                % TODO: narrow headers (C-c C-m n) ?
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+%% TODO:
+\newcommand{\ServerMode}{%
+  {\esamepage
+    To enter this mode, press \^{} while in Group mode.\\*
+    \begin{keys}{SPC}
+      SPC     & (RET) Browse this server.\\
+      a       & {\bf Add} a new server.\\
+      c       & {\bf Copy} this server.\\
+      e       & {\bf Edit} a server.\\
+      k       & {\bf Kill} this server. [scope]\\
+      l       & {\bf List} all servers.\\
+      q       & Return to the group buffer ({\bf quit}).\\
+      s       & Request that the server scan its sources for new articles.\\
+      g       & Request that the server regenerate its data.\\
+      y       & {\bf Yank} the previously killed server.\\
+      O       & Try to {\bf open} a connection to this server.\\
+      C       & {\bf Close} connection to this server.\\
+      D       & Mark this server as unreachable ({\bf deny}).\\
+      M-o     & {\bf Open} the connection to all servers.\\
+      M-c     & {\bf Close} the connection to all servers.\\
+      R       & Make all denied servers into closed servers.\\
+      L       & Set server status to offline.\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\BrowseServer}{%
+  {\esamepage
+    To enter this mode, press `B' while in Group mode.\\*
+    \begin{keys}{RET}
+      RET     & Enter the current group.\\
+      SPC     & Enter the current group and display the first article.\\
+      ?       & Give a very short help message.\\
+      n       & Go to the {\bf next} group. [distance]\\
+      p       & Go to the {\bf previous} group. [distance]\\
+      q       & (l) {\bf Quit} browse mode.\\
+      u       & Subscribe to the current group. [scope]\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\GroupUnplugged}{%
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{J S}
+      J j & Toggle plugged-state.\\
+      J s & Fetch articles from all groups for offline-reading.\\
+      J u & Fetch all eligible articles from this group.\\
+      J S & \textbf{Send} all sendable messages in the drafts group.\\
+                                %
+      J c & Enter \textbf{category} buffer.\\
+      J a & \textbf{Add} this group to an Agent category [p/p].\\
+      J r & \textbf{Remove} this group from its Agent category [p/p].\\
+      J Y & Synchronize flags changed while unplugged with remote server.\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\SummaryUnplugged}{%
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{J M-\#}
+      J \#   & \textbf{Mark} the article for downloading.\\
+      J M-\# & \textbf{Unmark} the article for downloading.\\
+      @      & \textbf{Toggle} whether to download the article.\\
+      J c    & Mark all undownloaded articles as read (\textbf{catch-up}).\\
+      J u    & Download all downloadable articles from group.\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+\newcommand{\ServerUnplugged}{%
+  {\esamepage
+    \begin{keys}{J a}
+      J a & \textbf{Add} the current server to the list of servers covered
+      by the agent.\\
+      J r & \textbf{Remove} the current server from the list of servers covered
+      by the agent.\\
+    \end{keys}
+    }
+  }
+
+% end   {gnusref} % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %
+
+
+% o some things might not be updated: scoring and server modes, maybe more
+% o Gnus Unplugged category-buffer commands need to be written
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\def\progver{5.10}\def\refver{5.10-1} % program and refcard versions
+\def\date{Jan 10th, 2004}
+\def\author{Gnus Bugfixing Girls + Boys $<$bugs@gnus.org$>$}
+
+\ifthenelse{\isundefined{\booklettrue}}{ % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \raggedbottom\raggedright
+  \twocolumn
+  % use \tiny to shrink it to 4 pages (needs a high-resolution printer though)
+  % \tiny
+  \scriptsize
+  \pagestyle{plain}
+  \Title
+  \par
+  \Logo{refcard}
+}{
+  \setcounter{page}{0}
+  \thispagestyle{empty}
+  \vspace*{\fill}
+  \Title
+  \vspace{0.4in}
+  \Logo{booklet}
+  \vspace*{\fill}
+  \pagebreak
+}%ifbooklet% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+% TODO: how does this work ?
+%\tableofcontents
+
+\Notes
+%
+
+\section*{Group-Mode}
+\GroupModeGeneral
+    \subsection*{Group Subscribedness-Levels}
+    \GroupLevels
+    \subsection*{List Groups}
+    \ListGroups
+    \subsection*{Create/Edit Foreign Groups}
+    \CreateEditGroups
+    \subsection*{Unsubscribe, Kill and Yank Groups}
+    \SubscribeKillYankGroups
+    \subsection*{Mark Groups}
+    \MarkGroups
+    \subsection*{Group-Unplugged}
+    \GroupUnplugged
+% topics in group-mode
+    \subsection*{Group Topics}
+    \GroupTopicsGeneral
+    \subsubsection*{Topic Sorting}
+    \TopicSorting
+
+% \ifthenelse{\isundefined{\booklettrue}}{}{\pagebreak}
+
+% summary-mode
+\section*{Summary Mode}
+\SummaryModeGeneral
+    \subsection*{Select Articles}
+    \SelectArticles
+%
+    \subsection*{Threading}
+    \Threading
+%
+    \subsection*{Limiting}
+    \Limiting
+    \subsection*{Sort the Summary-Buffer}
+    \SortSummary
+    \subsection*{Score (Value) Commands}
+    \Scoring
+
+\ifthenelse{\isundefined{\booklettrue}}{% ifcard %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \subsection*{Output Articles}
+  \OutputArticles
+  \subsection*{Extract Series (Uudecode etc)}
+  \ExtractSeries
+}{}%ifcard% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+    \subsection*{MIME operations from the Summary-Buffer}
+    \MIMESummary
+
+\ifthenelse{\isundefined{\booklettrue}}{}{% ifbooklet %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \subsection*{Extract Series (Uudecode etc)}
+  \ExtractSeries
+  \subsection*{Output Articles}
+  \OutputArticles
+}%ifbooklet% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+%
+    \subsection*{Post, Followup, Reply, Forward, Cancel}
+    \PostReplyetc
+
+\ifthenelse{\isundefined{\booklettrue}}{\newpage}{}% newpage ifcard
+
+      \subsection*{Message Composition}
+
+    \MsgCompositionGeneral
+        \subsubsection*{Jumping in message-buffer}
+        \MsgCompositionMovementArticle
+        \subsubsection*{Attachments/MML}
+        \MsgCompositionMML
+% marking articles
+    \subsection*{Mark Articles}
+    \MarkArticlesGeneral
+        \subsubsection*{Mark Based on Score}
+        \MarkByScore
+        \subsubsection*{The Process Mark}
+        \ProcessMark
+        \subsubsection*{Mark Indication-Characters}
+        \MarkCharacters
+%
+\ifthenelse{\isundefined{\booklettrue}}{\newpage}{}%
+
+    \subsection*{Summary-Unplugged}
+    \SummaryUnplugged
+    \subsection*{Mail-Group Commands}
+    \MailGroups
+    \subsection*{Draft-Group Commands}
+    \DraftGroup
+% exiting
+    \subsection*{Exit the Summary-Buffer}
+    \ExitSummary
+%
+%
+\section*{Article Mode (reading)}
+\ArticleModeGeneral
+    \subsection*{Wash the Article-Buffer}
+    \WashArticle
+    \subsubsection*{Blank Lines and Whitespace}
+    \BlankAndWhitespace
+    \subsubsection*{Picons, X-faces, Smileys}
+    \Picons
+    \subsubsection*{Time and Date}
+    \TimeAndDate
+    \subsection*{Hide/Highlight Parts of the Article}
+    \HideHighlightArticle
+    \subsection*{MIME operations from the Article-Buffer (reading)}
+    \MIMEArticleMode
+%
+%
+\section*{Server Mode}
+\ServerMode
+    \subsection*{Unplugged-Server}
+    \ServerUnplugged
+%
+%
+\section*{Browse Server Mode}
+\BrowseServer
+
+%\pagebreak
+\vspace*{\fill}
+\Copyright
+
+\end{document}
+
+%%% Local Variables:
+%%% mode: latex
+%%% TeX-master: t
+%%% End:
+
+% arch-tag: be438b0e-6832-4afb-8c56-5f84743e5cd1
--- a/lisp/gnus/ChangeLog	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/ChangeLog	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -1,3 +1,94 @@
+2005-03-25  Katsumi Yamaoka  <yamaoka@jpl.org>
+
+	* message.el (message-resend): Bind rfc2047-encode-encoded-words.
+
+	* mm-util.el (mm-replace-in-string): New function.
+	(mm-xemacs-find-mime-charset-1): Ignore errors while loading
+	latin-unity, which cannot be used with XEmacs 21.1.
+
+	* rfc2047.el (rfc2047-encode-function-alist): Rename from
+	rfc2047-encoding-function-alist in order to avoid conflicting with
+	the old version.
+	(rfc2047-encode-message-header): Remove useless goto-char.
+	(rfc2047-encodable-p): Don't move point.
+	(rfc2047-syntax-table): Treat `(' and `)' as is.
+	(rfc2047-encode-region): Concatenate words containing non-ASCII
+	characters in structured fields; don't encode space-delimited
+	ASCII words even in unstructured fields; don't break words at
+	char-category boundaries; encode encoded words in structured
+	fields; treat text within parentheses as special; show the
+	original text when error has occurred; move point to the end of
+	the region after encoding, suggested by IRIE Tetsuya
+	<irie@t.email.ne.jp>; treat backslash-quoted characters as
+	non-special; check carefully whether to encode special characters;
+	fix some kind of misconfigured headers; signal a real error if
+	debug-on-quit or debug-on-error is non-nil; don't infloop,
+	suggested by Hiroshi Fujishima <pooh@nature.tsukuba.ac.jp>; assume
+	the close parenthesis may be included in the encoded word; encode
+	bogus delimiters.
+	(rfc2047-encode-string): Use mm-with-multibyte-buffer.
+	(rfc2047-encode-max-chars): New variable.
+	(rfc2047-encode-1): New function.
+	(rfc2047-encode): Use it; encode text so that it occupies the
+	maximum width within 76-column; work correctly on Q encoding for
+	iso-2022-* charsets; fold the line before encoding; don't append a
+	space if the encoded word includes close parenthesis.
+	(rfc2047-fold-region): Use existing whitespace for LWSP; make it
+	sure not to break a line just after the header name.
+	(rfc2047-b-encode-region): Remove.
+	(rfc2047-b-encode-string): New function.
+	(rfc2047-q-encode-region): Remove.
+	(rfc2047-q-encode-string): New function.
+	(rfc2047-encode-parameter): New function.
+	(rfc2047-encoded-word-regexp): Don't use shy group.
+	(rfc2047-decode-region): Follow rfc2047-encoded-word-regexp change.
+	(rfc2047-parse-and-decode): Ditto.
+	(rfc2047-decode): Treat the ascii coding-system as raw-text by
+	default.
+
+2005-03-25  Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen  <larsi@gnus.org>
+
+	* rfc2047.el (rfc2047-encode-encoded-words): New variable.
+	(rfc2047-field-value): Strip props.
+	(rfc2047-encode-message-header): Disabled header folding -- not
+	all headers can be folded, and this should be done by the message
+	composition mode.  Probably.  I think.
+	(rfc2047-encodable-p): Say that =? needs encoding.
+	(rfc2047-encode-region): Encode =? strings.
+
+2005-03-25  Jesper Harder  <harder@ifa.au.dk>
+
+	* rfc2047.el (rfc2047-encoded-word-regexp): Support RFC 2231
+	language tags; remove unnecessary '+'.  Reported by Stefan Wiens
+	<s.wi@gmx.net>.
+	(rfc2047-decode-string): Don't cons a string unnecessarily.
+	(rfc2047-parse-and-decode, rfc2047-decode): Use a character for
+	the encoding to avoid consing a string.
+	(rfc2047-decode): Use mm-subst-char-in-string instead of
+	mm-replace-chars-in-string.
+
+2005-03-25  TSUCHIYA Masatoshi  <tsuchiya@namazu.org>
+
+	* rfc2047.el (rfc2047-encode): Use uppercase letters to specify
+	encodings of MIME-encoded words, in order to improve
+	interoperability with several broken MUAs.
+
+2005-03-21  Reiner Steib  <Reiner.Steib@gmx.de>
+
+	* gnus-srvr.el (gnus-browse-select-group): Add NUMBER argument and
+	pass it to `gnus-browse-read-group'.
+	(gnus-browse-read-group): Add NUMBER argument and pass it to
+	`gnus-group-read-ephemeral-group'.
+
+	* gnus-group.el (gnus-group-read-ephemeral-group): Add NUMBER
+	argument and pass it to `gnus-group-read-group'.
+
+2005-03-19  Aidan Kehoe  <kehoea@parhasard.net>
+
+	* mm-util.el (mm-xemacs-find-mime-charset): Only call
+	mm-xemacs-find-mime-charset-1 if we have the mule feature
+	available at runtime.
+
 2005-03-25  Werner Lemberg  <wl@gnu.org>

 	* nnmaildir.el: Replace `illegal' with `invalid'.
--- a/lisp/gnus/gnus-group.el	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/gnus-group.el	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -1984,7 +1984,8 @@
 (defun gnus-group-read-ephemeral-group (group method &optional activate
 					      quit-config request-only
 					      select-articles
-					      parameters)
+					      parameters
+					      number)
   "Read GROUP from METHOD as an ephemeral group.
 If ACTIVATE, request the group first.
 If QUIT-CONFIG, use that window configuration when exiting from the
@@ -1992,6 +1993,7 @@
 If REQUEST-ONLY, don't actually read the group; just request it.
 If SELECT-ARTICLES, only select those articles.
 If PARAMETERS, use those as the group parameters.
+If NUMBER, fetch this number of articles.

 Return the name of the group if selection was successful."
   (interactive
@@ -2039,7 +2041,7 @@
 	  (when (let ((gnus-large-newsgroup gnus-large-ephemeral-newsgroup)
 		      (gnus-fetch-old-headers
 		       gnus-fetch-old-ephemeral-headers))
-		  (gnus-group-read-group t t group select-articles))
+		  (gnus-group-read-group (or number t) t group select-articles))
 	    group)
 	;;(error nil)
 	(quit
--- a/lisp/gnus/gnus-srvr.el	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/gnus-srvr.el	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -851,23 +851,26 @@
   (setq buffer-read-only t)
   (gnus-run-hooks 'gnus-browse-mode-hook))

-(defun gnus-browse-read-group (&optional no-article)
-  "Enter the group at the current line."
-  (interactive)
+(defun gnus-browse-read-group (&optional no-article number)
+  "Enter the group at the current line.
+If NUMBER, fetch this number of articles."
+  (interactive "P")
   (let ((group (gnus-browse-group-name)))
     (if (or (not (gnus-get-info group))
 	    (gnus-ephemeral-group-p group))
 	(unless (gnus-group-read-ephemeral-group
 		 group gnus-browse-current-method nil
-		 (cons (current-buffer) 'browse))
+		 (cons (current-buffer) 'browse)
+		 nil nil nil number)
 	  (error "Couldn't enter %s" group))
       (unless (gnus-group-read-group nil no-article group)
 	(error "Couldn't enter %s" group)))))

-(defun gnus-browse-select-group ()
-  "Select the current group."
-  (interactive)
-  (gnus-browse-read-group 'no))
+(defun gnus-browse-select-group (&optional number)
+  "Select the current group.
+If NUMBER, fetch this number of articles."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (gnus-browse-read-group 'no number))

 (defun gnus-browse-next-group (n)
   "Go to the next group."
--- a/lisp/gnus/message.el	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/message.el	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -6364,7 +6364,8 @@
 	(replace-match "X-From-Line: "))
       ;; Send it.
       (let ((message-inhibit-body-encoding t)
-	    message-required-mail-headers)
+	    message-required-mail-headers
+	    rfc2047-encode-encoded-words)
 	(message-send-mail))
       (kill-buffer (current-buffer)))
     (message "Resending message to %s...done" address)))
--- a/lisp/gnus/mm-util.el	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/mm-util.el	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -86,6 +86,32 @@
      (multibyte-char-to-unibyte . identity))))

 (eval-and-compile
+  (cond
+   ((fboundp 'replace-in-string)
+    (defalias 'mm-replace-in-string 'replace-in-string))
+   ((fboundp 'replace-regexp-in-string)
+    (defun mm-replace-in-string (string regexp newtext &optional literal)
+      "Replace all matches for REGEXP with NEWTEXT in STRING.
+If LITERAL is non-nil, insert NEWTEXT literally.  Return a new
+string containing the replacements.
+
+This is a compatibility function for different Emacsen."
+      (replace-regexp-in-string regexp newtext string nil literal)))
+   (t
+    (defun mm-replace-in-string (string regexp newtext &optional literal)
+      "Replace all matches for REGEXP with NEWTEXT in STRING.
+If LITERAL is non-nil, insert NEWTEXT literally.  Return a new
+string containing the replacements.
+
+This is a compatibility function for different Emacsen."
+      (let ((start 0) tail)
+	(while (string-match regexp string start)
+	  (setq tail (- (length string) (match-end 0)))
+	  (setq string (replace-match newtext nil literal string))
+	  (setq start (- (length string) tail))))
+      string))))
+
+(eval-and-compile
   (defalias 'mm-char-or-char-int-p
     (cond
      ((fboundp 'char-or-char-int-p) 'char-or-char-int-p)
@@ -606,7 +632,7 @@

     ;; Load the Latin Unity library, if available.
     (when (and (not (featurep 'latin-unity)) (locate-library "latin-unity"))
-      (require 'latin-unity))
+      (ignore-errors (require 'latin-unity)))

     ;; Now, can we use it?
     (if (featurep 'latin-unity)
@@ -651,7 +677,7 @@

 (defmacro mm-xemacs-find-mime-charset (begin end)
   (when (featurep 'xemacs)
-    `(mm-xemacs-find-mime-charset-1 ,begin ,end)))
+    `(and (featurep 'mule) (mm-xemacs-find-mime-charset-1 ,begin ,end))))

 (defun mm-find-mime-charset-region (b e &optional hack-charsets)
   "Return the MIME charsets needed to encode the region between B and E.
--- a/lisp/gnus/rfc2047.el	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/rfc2047.el	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -119,12 +119,15 @@
 Valid encodings are nil, `Q' and `B'.  These indicate binary (no) encoding,
 quoted-printable and base64 respectively.")

-(defvar rfc2047-encoding-function-alist
-  '((Q . rfc2047-q-encode-region)
-    (B . rfc2047-b-encode-region)
-    (nil . ignore))
+(defvar rfc2047-encode-function-alist
+  '((Q . rfc2047-q-encode-string)
+    (B . rfc2047-b-encode-string)
+    (nil . identity))
   "Alist of RFC2047 encodings to encoding functions.")

+(defvar rfc2047-encode-encoded-words t
+  "Whether encoded words should be encoded again.")
+
 ;;;
 ;;; Functions for encoding RFC2047 messages
 ;;;
@@ -166,7 +169,7 @@
     (save-restriction
       (rfc2047-narrow-to-field)
       (re-search-forward ":[ \t\n]*" nil t)
-      (buffer-substring (point) (point-max)))))
+      (buffer-substring-no-properties (point) (point-max)))))

 (defvar rfc2047-encoding-type 'address-mime
   "The type of encoding done by `rfc2047-encode-region'.
@@ -186,24 +189,25 @@
 	  (rfc2047-narrow-to-field)
 	  (if (not (rfc2047-encodable-p))
 	      (prog1
-		(if (and (eq (mm-body-7-or-8) '8bit)
-			 (mm-multibyte-p)
-			 (mm-coding-system-p
-			  (car message-posting-charset)))
-		    ;; 8 bit must be decoded.
-		    (mm-encode-coding-region
-		     (point-min) (point-max)
-		     (mm-charset-to-coding-system
-		      (car message-posting-charset))))
+		  (if (and (eq (mm-body-7-or-8) '8bit)
+			   (mm-multibyte-p)
+			   (mm-coding-system-p
+			    (car message-posting-charset)))
+		      ;; 8 bit must be decoded.
+		      (mm-encode-coding-region
+		       (point-min) (point-max)
+		       (mm-charset-to-coding-system
+			(car message-posting-charset))))
 		;; No encoding necessary, but folding is nice
-		(rfc2047-fold-region
-		 (save-excursion
-		   (goto-char (point-min))
-		   (skip-chars-forward "^:")
-		   (when (looking-at ": ")
-		     (forward-char 2))
-		   (point))
-		 (point-max)))
+		(when nil
+		  (rfc2047-fold-region
+		   (save-excursion
+		     (goto-char (point-min))
+		     (skip-chars-forward "^:")
+		     (when (looking-at ": ")
+		       (forward-char 2))
+		     (point))
+		   (point-max))))
 	    ;; We found something that may perhaps be encoded.
 	    (setq method nil
 		  alist rfc2047-header-encoding-alist)
@@ -213,7 +217,6 @@
 			(eq (car elem) t))
 		(setq alist nil
 		      method (cdr elem))))
-	    (goto-char (point-min))
 	    (re-search-forward "^[^:]+: *" nil t)
 	    (cond
 	     ((eq method 'address-mime)
@@ -267,8 +270,13 @@
   (require 'message)			; for message-posting-charset
   (let ((charsets
 	 (mm-find-mime-charset-region (point-min) (point-max))))
-    (and charsets
-	 (not (equal charsets (list (car message-posting-charset)))))))
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (or (and rfc2047-encode-encoded-words
+	     (prog1
+		 (search-forward "=?" nil t)
+	       (goto-char (point-min))))
+	(and charsets
+	     (not (equal charsets (list (car message-posting-charset))))))))

 ;; Use this syntax table when parsing into regions that may need
 ;; encoding.  Double quotes are string delimiters, backslash is
@@ -292,8 +300,8 @@
 			      table))))
     (modify-syntax-entry ?\\ "\\" table)
     (modify-syntax-entry ?\" "\"" table)
-    (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "." table)
-    (modify-syntax-entry ?\) "." table)
+    (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "(" table)
+    (modify-syntax-entry ?\) ")" table)
     (modify-syntax-entry ?\< "." table)
     (modify-syntax-entry ?\> "." table)
     (modify-syntax-entry ?\[ "." table)
@@ -310,183 +318,341 @@
 Dynamically bind `rfc2047-encoding-type' to change that."
   (save-restriction
     (narrow-to-region b e)
-    (if (eq 'mime rfc2047-encoding-type)
-	;; Simple case.  Treat as single word after any initial ASCII
-	;; part and before any tailing ASCII part.  The leading ASCII
-	;; is relevant for instance in Subject headers with `Re:' for
-	;; interoperability with non-MIME clients, and we might as
-	;; well avoid the tail too.
-	(progn
+    (let ((encodable-regexp (if rfc2047-encode-encoded-words
+				"[^\000-\177]+\\|=\\?"
+			      "[^\000-\177]+"))
+	  start				; start of current token
+	  end begin csyntax
+	  ;; Whether there's an encoded word before the current token,
+	  ;; either immediately or separated by space.
+	  last-encoded
+	  (orig-text (buffer-substring-no-properties b e)))
+      (if (eq 'mime rfc2047-encoding-type)
+	  ;; Simple case.  Continuous words in which all those contain
+	  ;; non-ASCII characters are encoded collectively.  Encoding
+	  ;; ASCII words, including `Re:' used in Subject headers, is
+	  ;; avoided for interoperability with non-MIME clients and
+	  ;; for making it easy to find keywords.
+	  (progn
+	    (goto-char (point-min))
+	    (while (progn (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
+			  (not (eobp)))
+	      (setq start (point))
+	      (while (and (looking-at "[ \t\n]*\\([^ \t\n]+\\)")
+			  (progn
+			    (setq end (match-end 0))
+			    (re-search-forward encodable-regexp end t)))
+		(goto-char end))
+	      (if (> (point) start)
+		  (rfc2047-encode start (point))
+		(goto-char end))))
+	;; `address-mime' case -- take care of quoted words, comments.
+	(with-syntax-table rfc2047-syntax-table
 	  (goto-char (point-min))
-	  ;; Does it need encoding?
-	  (skip-chars-forward "\000-\177")
-	  (unless (eobp)
-	    (skip-chars-backward "^ \n") ; beginning of space-delimited word
-	    (rfc2047-encode (point) (progn
-				      (goto-char e)
-				      (skip-chars-backward "\000-\177")
-				      (skip-chars-forward "^ \n")
-				      ;; end of space-delimited word
-				      (point)))))
-      ;; `address-mime' case -- take care of quoted words, comments.
-      (with-syntax-table rfc2047-syntax-table
-	(let ((start)			; start of current token
-	      end			; end of current token
-	      ;; Whether there's an encoded word before the current
-	      ;; token, either immediately or separated by space.
-	      last-encoded)
-	  (goto-char (point-min))
-	  (condition-case nil		; in case of unbalanced quotes
+	  (condition-case err		; in case of unbalanced quotes
 	      ;; Look for rfc2822-style: sequences of atoms, quoted
 	      ;; strings, specials, whitespace.  (Specials mustn't be
 	      ;; encoded.)
 	      (while (not (eobp))
+		;; Skip whitespace.
+		(skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
 		(setq start (point))
-		;; Skip whitespace.
-		(unless (= 0 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n"))
-		  (setq start (point)))
 		(cond
 		 ((not (char-after)))	; eob
 		 ;; else token start
-		 ((eq ?\" (char-syntax (char-after)))
+		 ((eq ?\" (setq csyntax (char-syntax (char-after))))
 		  ;; Quoted word.
 		  (forward-sexp)
 		  (setq end (point))
 		  ;; Does it need encoding?
 		  (goto-char start)
-		  (skip-chars-forward "\000-\177" end)
-		  (if (= end (point))
-		      (setq last-encoded  nil)
-		    ;; It needs encoding.  Strip the quotes first,
-		    ;; since encoded words can't occur in quotes.
-		    (goto-char end)
-		    (delete-backward-char 1)
-		    (goto-char start)
-		    (delete-char 1)
-		    (when last-encoded
-		      ;; There was a preceding quoted word.  We need
-		      ;; to include any separating whitespace in this
-		      ;; word to avoid it getting lost.
-		      (skip-chars-backward " \t")
-		      ;; A space is needed between the encoded words.
-		      (insert ? )
-		      (setq start (point)
-			    end (1+ end)))
-		    ;; Adjust the end position for the deleted quotes.
-		    (rfc2047-encode start (- end 2))
-		    (setq last-encoded t))) ; record that it was encoded
-		 ((eq ?. (char-syntax (char-after)))
+		  (if (re-search-forward encodable-regexp end 'move)
+		      ;; It needs encoding.  Strip the quotes first,
+		      ;; since encoded words can't occur in quotes.
+		      (progn
+			(goto-char end)
+			(delete-backward-char 1)
+			(goto-char start)
+			(delete-char 1)
+			(when last-encoded
+			  ;; There was a preceding quoted word.  We need
+			  ;; to include any separating whitespace in this
+			  ;; word to avoid it getting lost.
+			  (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+			  ;; A space is needed between the encoded words.
+			  (insert ? )
+			  (setq start (point)
+				end (1+ end)))
+			;; Adjust the end position for the deleted quotes.
+			(rfc2047-encode start (- end 2))
+			(setq last-encoded t)) ; record that it was encoded
+		    (setq last-encoded  nil)))
+		 ((eq ?. csyntax)
 		  ;; Skip other delimiters, but record that they've
 		  ;; potentially separated quoted words.
 		  (forward-char)
 		  (setq last-encoded nil))
+		 ((eq ?\) csyntax)
+		  (error "Unbalanced parentheses"))
+		 ((eq ?\( csyntax)
+		  ;; Look for the end of parentheses.
+		  (forward-list)
+		  ;; Encode text as an unstructured field.
+		  (let ((rfc2047-encoding-type 'mime))
+		    (rfc2047-encode-region (1+ start) (1- (point))))
+		  (skip-chars-forward ")"))
 		 (t		    ; normal token/whitespace sequence
 		  ;; Find the end.
-		  (forward-word 1)
-		  (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+		  ;; Skip one ASCII word, or encode continuous words
+		  ;; in which all those contain non-ASCII characters.
+		  (setq end nil)
+		  (while (not (or end (eobp)))
+		    (when (looking-at "[\000-\177]+")
+		      (setq begin (point)
+			    end (match-end 0))
+		      (when (progn
+			      (while (and (or (re-search-forward
+					       "[ \t\n]\\|\\Sw" end 'move)
+					      (setq end nil))
+					  (eq ?\\ (char-syntax (char-before))))
+				;; Skip backslash-quoted characters.
+				(forward-char))
+			      end)
+			(setq end (match-beginning 0))
+			(if rfc2047-encode-encoded-words
+			    (progn
+			      (goto-char begin)
+			      (when (search-forward "=?" end 'move)
+				(goto-char (match-beginning 0))
+				(setq end nil)))
+			  (goto-char end))))
+		    ;; Where the value nil of `end' means there may be
+		    ;; text to have to be encoded following the point.
+		    ;; Otherwise, the point reached to the end of ASCII
+		    ;; words separated by whitespace or a special char.
+		    (unless end
+		      (when (looking-at encodable-regexp)
+			(goto-char (setq begin (match-end 0)))
+			(while (and (looking-at "[ \t\n]+\\([^ \t\n]+\\)")
+				    (setq end (match-end 0))
+				    (progn
+				      (while (re-search-forward
+					      encodable-regexp end t))
+				      (< begin (point)))
+				    (goto-char begin)
+				    (or (not (re-search-forward "\\Sw" end t))
+					(progn
+					  (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
+					  nil)))
+			  (goto-char end))
+			(when (looking-at "[^ \t\n]+")
+			  (setq end (match-end 0))
+			  (if (re-search-forward "\\Sw+" end t)
+			      ;; There are special characters better
+			      ;; to be encoded so that MTAs may parse
+			      ;; them safely.
+			      (cond ((= end (point)))
+				    ((looking-at (concat "\\sw*\\("
+							 encodable-regexp
+							 "\\)"))
+				     (setq end nil))
+				    (t
+				     (goto-char (1- (match-end 0)))
+				     (unless (= (point) (match-beginning 0))
+				       ;; Separate encodable text and
+				       ;; delimiter.
+				       (insert " "))))
+			    (goto-char end)
+			    (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
+			    (if (and (looking-at "[^ \t\n]+")
+				     (string-match encodable-regexp
+						   (match-string 0)))
+				(setq end nil)
+			      (goto-char end)))))))
+		  (skip-chars-backward " \t\n")
 		  (setq end (point))
-		  ;; Deal with encoding and leading space as for
-		  ;; quoted words.
 		  (goto-char start)
-		  (skip-chars-forward "\000-\177" end)
-		  (if (= end (point))
-		      (setq last-encoded  nil)
-		    (when last-encoded
-		      (goto-char start)
-		      (skip-chars-backward " \t")
-		      (insert ? )
-		      (setq start (point)
-			    end (1+ end)))
-		    (rfc2047-encode start end)
-		    (setq last-encoded t)))))
+		  (if (re-search-forward encodable-regexp end 'move)
+		      (progn
+			(unless (memq (char-before start) '(nil ?\t ? ))
+			  (if (progn
+				(goto-char start)
+				(skip-chars-backward "^ \t\n")
+				(and (looking-at "\\Sw+")
+				     (= (match-end 0) start)))
+			      ;; Also encode bogus delimiters.
+			      (setq start (point))
+			    ;; Separate encodable text and delimiter.
+			    (goto-char start)
+			    (insert " ")
+			    (setq start (1+ start)
+				  end (1+ end))))
+			(rfc2047-encode start end)
+			(setq last-encoded t))
+		    (setq last-encoded nil)))))
 	    (error
-	     (error "Invalid data for rfc2047 encoding: %s"
-		    (buffer-substring b e)))))))
-    (rfc2047-fold-region b (point))))
+	     (if (or debug-on-quit debug-on-error)
+		 (signal (car err) (cdr err))
+	       (error "Invalid data for rfc2047 encoding: %s"
+		      (mm-replace-in-string orig-text "[ \t\n]+" " "))))))))
+    (rfc2047-fold-region b (point))
+    (goto-char (point-max))))

 (defun rfc2047-encode-string (string)
   "Encode words in STRING.
 By default, the string is treated as containing addresses (see
 `rfc2047-encoding-type')."
-  (with-temp-buffer
+  (mm-with-multibyte-buffer
     (insert string)
     (rfc2047-encode-region (point-min) (point-max))
     (buffer-string)))

+(defvar rfc2047-encode-max-chars 76
+  "Maximum characters of each header line that contain encoded-words.
+If it is nil, encoded-words will not be folded.  Too small value may
+cause an error.  Don't change this for no particular reason.")
+
+(defun rfc2047-encode-1 (column string cs encoder start crest tail
+				&optional eword)
+  "Subroutine used by `rfc2047-encode'."
+  (cond ((string-equal string "")
+	 (or eword ""))
+	((not rfc2047-encode-max-chars)
+	 (concat start
+		 (funcall encoder (if cs
+				      (mm-encode-coding-string string cs)
+				    string))
+		 "?="))
+	((>= column rfc2047-encode-max-chars)
+	 (when eword
+	   (cond ((string-match "\n[ \t]+\\'" eword)
+		  ;; Reomove a superfluous empty line.
+		  (setq eword (substring eword 0 (match-beginning 0))))
+		 ((string-match "(+\\'" eword)
+		  ;; Break the line before the open parenthesis.
+		  (setq crest (concat crest (match-string 0 eword))
+			eword (substring eword 0 (match-beginning 0))))))
+	 (rfc2047-encode-1 (length crest) string cs encoder start " " tail
+			   (concat eword "\n" crest)))
+	(t
+	 (let ((index 0)
+	       (limit (1- (length string)))
+	       (prev "")
+	       next len)
+	   (while (and prev
+		       (<= index limit))
+	     (setq next (concat start
+				(funcall encoder
+					 (if cs
+					     (mm-encode-coding-string
+					      (substring string 0 (1+ index))
+					      cs)
+					   (substring string 0 (1+ index))))
+				"?=")
+		   len (+ column (length next)))
+	     (if (> len rfc2047-encode-max-chars)
+		 (setq next prev
+		       prev nil)
+	       (if (or (< index limit)
+		       (<= (+ len (or (string-match "\n" tail)
+				      (length tail)))
+			   rfc2047-encode-max-chars))
+		   (setq prev next
+			 index (1+ index))
+		 (if (string-match "\\`)+" tail)
+		     ;; Break the line after the close parenthesis.
+		     (setq tail (concat (substring tail 0 (match-end 0))
+					"\n "
+					(substring tail (match-end 0)))
+			   prev next
+			   index (1+ index))
+		   (setq next prev
+			 prev nil)))))
+	   (if (> index limit)
+	       (concat eword next tail)
+	     (if (= 0 index)
+		 (if (and eword
+			  (string-match "(+\\'" eword))
+		     (setq crest (concat crest (match-string 0 eword))
+			   eword (substring eword 0 (match-beginning 0)))
+		   (setq eword (concat eword next)))
+	       (setq crest " "
+		     eword (concat eword next)))
+	     (when (string-match "\n[ \t]+\\'" eword)
+	       ;; Reomove a superfluous empty line.
+	       (setq eword (substring eword 0 (match-beginning 0))))
+	     (rfc2047-encode-1 (length crest) (substring string index)
+			       cs encoder start " " tail
+			       (concat eword "\n" crest)))))))
+
 (defun rfc2047-encode (b e)
   "Encode the word(s) in the region B to E.
-By default, the region is treated as containing addresses (see
-`rfc2047-encoding-type')."
-  (let* ((mime-charset (mm-find-mime-charset-region b e))
-	 (cs (if (> (length mime-charset) 1)
-		 ;; Fixme: Instead of this, try to break region into
-		 ;; parts that can be encoded separately.
-		 (error "Can't rfc2047-encode `%s'"
-			(buffer-substring b e))
-	       (setq mime-charset (car mime-charset))
-	       (mm-charset-to-coding-system mime-charset)))
-	 ;; Fixme: Better, calculate the number of non-ASCII
-	 ;; characters, at least for 8-bit charsets.
-	 (encoding (or (cdr (assq mime-charset
+Point moves to the end of the region."
+  (let ((mime-charset (or (mm-find-mime-charset-region b e) (list 'us-ascii)))
+	cs encoding tail crest eword)
+    (cond ((> (length mime-charset) 1)
+	   (error "Can't rfc2047-encode `%s'"
+		  (buffer-substring-no-properties b e)))
+	  ((= (length mime-charset) 1)
+	   (setq mime-charset (car mime-charset)
+		 cs (mm-charset-to-coding-system mime-charset))
+	   (unless (and (mm-multibyte-p)
+			(mm-coding-system-p cs))
+	     (setq cs nil))
+	   (save-restriction
+	     (narrow-to-region b e)
+	     (setq encoding
+		   (or (cdr (assq mime-charset
 				  rfc2047-charset-encoding-alist))
 		       ;; For the charsets that don't have a preferred
 		       ;; encoding, choose the one that's shorter.
-		       (save-restriction
-			 (narrow-to-region b e)
-			 (if (eq (rfc2047-qp-or-base64) 'base64)
-			     'B
-			   'Q))))
-	 (start (concat
-		 "=?" (downcase (symbol-name mime-charset)) "?"
-		 (downcase (symbol-name encoding)) "?"))
-	 (factor (case mime-charset
-		   ((iso-8859-5 iso-8859-7 iso-8859-8 koi8-r) 1)
-		   ((big5 gb2312 euc-kr) 2)
-		   (utf-8 4)
-		   (t 8)))
-	 (pre (- b (save-restriction
-		     (widen)
-		     (rfc2047-point-at-bol))))
-	 ;; encoded-words must not be longer than 75 characters,
-	 ;; including charset, encoding etc.  This leaves us with
-	 ;; 75 - (length start) - 2 - 2 characters.  The last 2 is for
-	 ;; possible base64 padding.  In the worst case (iso-2022-*)
-	 ;; each character expands to 8 bytes which is expanded by a
-	 ;; factor of 4/3 by base64 encoding.
-	 (length (floor (- 75 (length start) 4) (* factor (/ 4.0 3.0))))
-	 ;; Limit line length to 76 characters.
-	 (length1 (max 1 (floor (- 76 (length start) 4 pre)
-				(* factor (/ 4.0 3.0)))))
-	 (first t))
-    (if mime-charset
-	(save-restriction
-	  (narrow-to-region b e)
-	  (when (eq encoding 'B)
-	    ;; break into lines before encoding
-	    (goto-char (point-min))
-	    (while (not (eobp))
-	      (if first
-		  (progn
-		    (goto-char (min (point-max) (+ length1 (point))))
-		    (setq first nil))
-		(goto-char (min (point-max) (+ length (point)))))
-	      (unless (eobp)
-		(insert ?\n)))
-	    (setq first t))
-	  (if (and (mm-multibyte-p)
-		   (mm-coding-system-p cs))
-	      (mm-encode-coding-region (point-min) (point-max) cs))
-	  (funcall (cdr (assq encoding rfc2047-encoding-function-alist))
-		   (point-min) (point-max))
-	  (goto-char (point-min))
-	  (while (not (eobp))
-	    (unless first
-	      (insert ? ))
-	    (setq first nil)
-	    (insert start)
-	    (end-of-line)
-	    (insert "?=")
-	    (forward-line 1))))))
+		       (if (eq (rfc2047-qp-or-base64) 'base64)
+			   'B
+			 'Q)))
+	     (widen)
+	     (goto-char e)
+	     (skip-chars-forward "^ \t\n")
+	     ;; `tail' may contain a close parenthesis.
+	     (setq tail (buffer-substring-no-properties e (point)))
+	     (goto-char b)
+	     (setq b (point-marker)
+		   e (set-marker (make-marker) e))
+	     (rfc2047-fold-region (rfc2047-point-at-bol) b)
+	     (goto-char b)
+	     (skip-chars-backward "^ \t\n")
+	     (unless (= 0 (skip-chars-backward " \t"))
+	       ;; `crest' may contain whitespace and an open parenthesis.
+	       (setq crest (buffer-substring-no-properties (point) b)))
+	     (setq eword (rfc2047-encode-1
+			  (- b (rfc2047-point-at-bol))
+			  (mm-replace-in-string
+			   (buffer-substring-no-properties b e)
+			   "\n\\([ \t]?\\)" "\\1")
+			  cs
+			  (or (cdr (assq encoding
+					 rfc2047-encode-function-alist))
+			      'identity)
+			  (concat "=?" (downcase (symbol-name mime-charset))
+				  "?" (upcase (symbol-name encoding)) "?")
+			  (or crest " ")
+			  tail))
+	     (delete-region (if (eq (aref eword 0) ?\n)
+				(if (bolp)
+				    ;; The line was folded before encoding.
+				    (1- (point))
+				  (point))
+			      (goto-char b))
+			    (+ e (length tail)))
+	     ;; `eword' contains `crest' and `tail'.
+	     (insert eword)
+	     (set-marker b nil)
+	     (set-marker e nil)
+	     (unless (or (/= 0 (length tail))
+			 (eobp)
+			 (looking-at "[ \t\n)]"))
+	       (insert " "))))
+	  (t
+	   (goto-char e)))))

 (defun rfc2047-fold-field ()
   "Fold the current header field."
@@ -512,6 +678,7 @@
 	  (goto-char (or break qword-break))
 	  (setq break nil
 		qword-break nil)
+	  (skip-chars-backward " \t")
 	  (if (looking-at "[ \t]")
 	      (insert ?\n)
 	    (insert "\n "))
@@ -533,10 +700,8 @@
 	  (forward-char 1))
 	 ((memq (char-after) '(?  ?\t))
 	  (skip-chars-forward " \t")
-	  (if first
-	      ;; Don't break just after the header name.
-	      (setq first nil)
-	    (setq break (1- (point)))))
+	  (unless first ;; Don't break just after the header name.
+	    (setq break (point))))
 	 ((not break)
 	  (if (not (looking-at "=\\?[^=]"))
 	      (if (eq (char-after) ?=)
@@ -547,15 +712,17 @@
 	      (setq qword-break (point)))
 	    (skip-chars-forward "^ \t\n\r")))
 	 (t
-	  (skip-chars-forward "^ \t\n\r"))))
+	  (skip-chars-forward "^ \t\n\r")))
+	(setq first nil))
       (when (and (or break qword-break)
 		 (> (- (point) bol) 76))
 	(goto-char (or break qword-break))
 	(setq break nil
 	      qword-break nil)
-	  (if (looking-at "[ \t]")
-	      (insert ?\n)
-	    (insert "\n "))
+	(if (or (> 0 (skip-chars-backward " \t"))
+		(looking-at "[ \t]"))
+	    (insert ?\n)
+	  (insert "\n "))
 	(setq bol (1- (point)))
 	;; Don't break before the first non-LWSP characters.
 	(skip-chars-forward " \t")
@@ -590,48 +757,48 @@
 	(setq eol (rfc2047-point-at-eol))
 	(forward-line 1)))))

-(defun rfc2047-b-encode-region (b e)
-  "Base64-encode the header contained in region B to E."
-  (save-restriction
-    (narrow-to-region (goto-char b) e)
-    (while (not (eobp))
-      (base64-encode-region (point) (progn (end-of-line) (point)) t)
-      (if (and (bolp) (eolp))
-	  (delete-backward-char 1))
-      (forward-line))))
+(defun rfc2047-b-encode-string (string)
+  "Base64-encode the header contained in STRING."
+  (base64-encode-string string t))

-(defun rfc2047-q-encode-region (b e)
-  "Quoted-printable-encode the header in region B to E."
-  (save-excursion
-    (save-restriction
-      (narrow-to-region (goto-char b) e)
-      (let ((bol (save-restriction
-		   (widen)
-		   (rfc2047-point-at-bol))))
-	(quoted-printable-encode-region
-	 b e nil
-	 ;; = (\075), _ (\137), ? (\077) are used in the encoded word.
-	 ;; Avoid using 8bit characters.
-	 ;; This list excludes `especials' (see the RFC2047 syntax),
-	 ;; meaning that some characters in non-structured fields will
-	 ;; get encoded when they con't need to be.  The following is
-	 ;; what it used to be.
-;;;  	 ;; Equivalent to "^\000-\007\011\013\015-\037\200-\377=_?"
-;;;  	 "\010\012\014\040-\074\076\100-\136\140-\177")
-	 "-\b\n\f !#-'*+0-9A-Z\\^`-~\d")
-	(subst-char-in-region (point-min) (point-max) ?  ?_)
-	;; The size of QP encapsulation is about 20, so set limit to
-	;; 56=76-20.
-	(unless (< (- (point-max) (point-min)) 56)
-	  ;; Don't break if it could fit in one line.
-	  ;; Let rfc2047-encode-region break it later.
-	  (goto-char (1+ (point-min)))
-	  (while (and (not (bobp)) (not (eobp)))
-	    (goto-char (min (point-max) (+ 56 bol)))
-	    (search-backward "=" (- (point) 2) t)
-	    (unless (or (bobp) (eobp))
-	      (insert ?\n)
-	      (setq bol (point)))))))))
+(defun rfc2047-q-encode-string (string)
+  "Quoted-printable-encode the header in STRING."
+  (mm-with-unibyte-buffer
+    (insert string)
+    (quoted-printable-encode-region
+     (point-min) (point-max) nil
+     ;; = (\075), _ (\137), ? (\077) are used in the encoded word.
+     ;; Avoid using 8bit characters.
+     ;; This list excludes `especials' (see the RFC2047 syntax),
+     ;; meaning that some characters in non-structured fields will
+     ;; get encoded when they con't need to be.  The following is
+     ;; what it used to be.
+     ;;;  ;; Equivalent to "^\000-\007\011\013\015-\037\200-\377=_?"
+     ;;;  "\010\012\014\040-\074\076\100-\136\140-\177")
+     "-\b\n\f !#-'*+0-9A-Z\\^`-~\d")
+    (subst-char-in-region (point-min) (point-max) ?  ?_)
+    (buffer-string)))
+
+(defun rfc2047-encode-parameter (param value)
+  "Return and PARAM=VALUE string encoded in the RFC2047-like style.
+This is a replacement for the `rfc2231-encode-string' function.
+
+When attaching files as MIME parts, we should use the RFC2231 encoding
+to specify the file names containing non-ASCII characters.  However,
+many mail softwares don't support it in practice and recipients won't
+be able to extract files with correct names.  Instead, the RFC2047-like
+encoding is acceptable generally.  This function provides the very
+RFC2047-like encoding, resigning to such a regrettable trend.  To use
+it, put the following line in your ~/.gnus.el file:
+
+\(defalias 'mail-header-encode-parameter 'rfc2047-encode-parameter)
+"
+  (let* ((rfc2047-encoding-type 'mime)
+	 (rfc2047-encode-max-chars nil)
+	 (string (rfc2047-encode-string value)))
+    (if (string-match (concat "[" ietf-drums-tspecials "]") string)
+	(format "%s=%S" param string)
+      (concat param "=" string))))

 ;;;
 ;;; Functions for decoding RFC2047 messages
@@ -639,8 +806,8 @@

 (eval-and-compile
   (defconst rfc2047-encoded-word-regexp
-    "=\\?\\([^][\000-\040()<>@,\;:\\\"/?.=]+\\)\\?\\(B\\|Q\\)\
-\\?\\([!->@-~ +]*\\)\\?="))
+    "=\\?\\([^][\000-\040()<>@,\;:*\\\"/?.=]+\\)\\(\\*[^?]+\\)?\
+\\?\\(B\\|Q\\)\\?\\([!->@-~ ]*\\)\\?="))

 (defvar rfc2047-quote-decoded-words-containing-tspecials nil
   "If non-nil, quote decoded words containing special characters.")
@@ -671,7 +838,7 @@
 			  "\\(\n?[ \t]\\)+"
 			  "\\(" rfc2047-encoded-word-regexp "\\)"))
 		nil t)
-	  (delete-region (goto-char (match-end 1)) (match-beginning 6)))
+	  (delete-region (goto-char (match-end 1)) (match-beginning 7)))
 	;; Decode the encoded words.
 	(setq b (goto-char (point-min)))
 	(while (re-search-forward rfc2047-encoded-word-regexp nil t)
@@ -774,7 +941,20 @@
 	       mail-parse-charset
 	       (not (eq mail-parse-charset 'us-ascii))
 	       (not (eq mail-parse-charset 'gnus-decoded)))
-	  (mm-decode-coding-string string mail-parse-charset)
+	  ;; `decode-coding-string' in Emacs offers a third optional
+	  ;; arg NOCOPY to avoid consing a new string if the decoding
+	  ;; is "trivial".  Unfortunately it currently doesn't
+	  ;; consider anything else than a `nil' coding system
+	  ;; trivial.
+	  ;; `rfc2047-decode-string' is called multiple times for each
+	  ;; article during summary buffer generation, and we really
+	  ;; want to avoid unnecessary consing.  So we bypass
+	  ;; `decode-coding-string' if the string is purely ASCII.
+	  (if (and (fboundp 'detect-coding-string)
+		   ;; string is purely ASCII
+		   (eq (detect-coding-string string t) 'undecided))
+	      string
+	    (mm-decode-coding-string string mail-parse-charset))
 	(mm-string-as-multibyte string)))))

 (defun rfc2047-parse-and-decode (word)
@@ -787,8 +967,8 @@
      (condition-case nil
 	 (rfc2047-decode
 	  (match-string 1 word)
-	  (upcase (match-string 2 word))
-	  (match-string 3 word))
+	  (string-to-char (match-string 3 word))
+	  (match-string 4 word))
        (error word))
      word)))				; un-decodable

@@ -809,7 +989,7 @@

 (defun rfc2047-decode (charset encoding string)
   "Decode STRING from the given MIME CHARSET in the given ENCODING.
-Valid ENCODINGs are \"B\" and \"Q\".
+Valid ENCODINGs are the characters \"B\" and \"Q\".
 If your Emacs implementation can't decode CHARSET, return nil."
   (if (stringp charset)
       (setq charset (intern (downcase charset))))
@@ -824,18 +1004,17 @@
 	     (memq 'gnus-unknown mail-parse-ignored-charsets))
 	(setq cs (mm-charset-to-coding-system mail-parse-charset)))
     (when cs
-      (when (and (eq cs 'ascii)
-		 mail-parse-charset)
-	(setq cs mail-parse-charset))
+      (when (eq cs 'ascii)
+	(setq cs (or mail-parse-charset 'raw-text)))
       (mm-decode-coding-string
        (cond
-	((equal "B" encoding)
+	((char-equal ?B encoding)
 	 (base64-decode-string
 	  (rfc2047-pad-base64 string)))
-	((equal "Q" encoding)
+	((char-equal ?Q encoding)
 	 (quoted-printable-decode-string
-	  (mm-replace-chars-in-string string ?_ ? )))
-	(t (error "Invalid encoding: %s" encoding)))
+	  (mm-subst-char-in-string ?_ ? string t)))
+	(t (error "Invalid encoding: %c" encoding)))
        cs))))

 (provide 'rfc2047)
--- a/man/ChangeLog	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/man/ChangeLog	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -1,3 +1,12 @@
+2005-03-25  Katsumi Yamaoka  <yamaoka@jpl.org>
+
+	* emacs-mime.texi (Display Customization): Markup fixes.
+	(rfc2047): Update.
+
+2005-03-23  Reiner Steib  <Reiner.Steib@gmx.de>
+
+	* gnus-faq.texi: Replaced with auto-generated version.
+
 2005-03-29  Richard M. Stallman  <rms@gnu.org>

 	* mule.texi (Single-Byte Character Support): Reinstall the C-x 8 info.
--- a/man/emacs-mime.texi	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/man/emacs-mime.texi	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -387,15 +387,15 @@

 @item mm-enable-external
 @vindex mm-enable-external
-Indicate whether external MIME handlers should be used.
+Indicate whether external @acronym{MIME} handlers should be used.

-If @code{t}, all defined external MIME handlers are used.  If
+If @code{t}, all defined external @acronym{MIME} handlers are used.  If
 @code{nil}, files are saved to disk (@code{mailcap-save-binary-file}).
 If it is the symbol @code{ask}, you are prompted before the external
 @acronym{MIME} handler is invoked.

 When you launch an attachment through mailcap (@pxref{mailcap}) an
-attempt is made to use a safe viewer with the safest options--this isn't
+attempt is made to use a safe viewer with the safest options---this isn't
 the case if you save it to disk and launch it in a different way
 (command line or double-clicking).  Anyhow, if you want to be sure not
 to launch any external programs, set this variable to @code{nil} or
@@ -1327,8 +1327,8 @@
 Quoted-Printable-like encoding) and @code{B} (base64).  This alist
 specifies which charset should use which encoding.

-@item rfc2047-encoding-function-alist
-@vindex rfc2047-encoding-function-alist
+@item rfc2047-encode-function-alist
+@vindex rfc2047-encode-function-alist
 This is an alist of encoding / function pairs.  The encodings are
 @code{Q}, @code{B} and @code{nil}.

@@ -1336,6 +1336,11 @@
 @vindex rfc2047-encoded-word-regexp
 When decoding words, this library looks for matches to this regexp.

+@item rfc2047-encode-encoded-words
+@vindex rfc2047-encode-encoded-words
+The boolean variable specifies whether encoded words
+(e.g. @samp{=?hello?=}) should be encoded again.
+
 @end table

 Those were the variables, and these are this functions:
@@ -1366,6 +1371,24 @@
 @findex rfc2047-decode-string
 Decode a string and return the results.

+@item rfc2047-encode-parameter
+@findex rfc2047-encode-parameter
+Encode a parameter in the RFC2047-like style.  This is a replacement for
+the @code{rfc2231-encode-string} function.  @xref{rfc2231}.
+
+When attaching files as @acronym{MIME} parts, we should use the RFC2231
+encoding to specify the file names containing non-@acronym{ASCII}
+characters.  However, many mail softwares don't support it in practice
+and recipients won't be able to extract files with correct names.
+Instead, the RFC2047-like encoding is acceptable generally.  This
+function provides the very RFC2047-like encoding, resigning to such a
+regrettable trend.  To use it, put the following line in your
+@file{~/.gnus.el} file:
+
+@lisp
+(defalias 'mail-header-encode-parameter 'rfc2047-encode-parameter)
+@end lisp
+
 @end table
--- a/man/gnus-faq.texi	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/man/gnus-faq.texi	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -1,210 +1,203 @@
-@c Insert  "\input texinfo" at 1st line before texing this file alone.
-@c -*-texinfo-*-
-@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
+@c Uncomment 1st line before texing this file alone.
+@c %**start of header
+@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c
+@c Do not modify this file, it was generated from gnus-faq.xml, available from
+@c <URL:http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/>.
+@c
 @setfilename gnus-faq.info
-
-@c Frequently Asked Questions, FAQ - Introduction, Emacs for Heathens, Top
+@settitle Frequently Asked Questions
+@c %**end of header
+@c

 @node Frequently Asked Questions
-@comment  node-name,  next,  previous,  up
-
-@c @chapter Frequently Asked Questions
 @section Frequently Asked Questions
-@cindex FAQ
-@cindex Frequently Asked Questions
-
-@c - Uncomment @chapter, comment @section
-@c - run (texinfo-every-node-update)
-@c - revert it.

 @menu
-* FAQ - Introduction::                    About Gnus and this FAQ.
-* FAQ 1 - Installation::                  Installation of Gnus.
-* FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer::        Start up questions and the first
-                                          buffer Gnus shows you.
-* FAQ 3 - Getting messages::              Making Gnus read your mail and news.
-* FAQ 4 - Reading messages::              How to efficiently read messages.
-* FAQ 5 - Composing messages::            Composing mails or Usenet postings.
-* FAQ 6 - Old messages::                  Importing, archiving, searching
-                                          and deleting messages.
-* FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while offline.
-* FAQ 8 - Getting help::                  When this FAQ isn't enough.
-* FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus::                   How to make Gnus faster.
-* FAQ - Glossary::                        Terms used in the FAQ explained.
+* FAQ - Changes::
+* FAQ - Introduction::                       About Gnus and this FAQ.
+* FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ::                 Installation of Gnus.
+* FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer::           Start up questions and the
+                                             first buffer Gnus shows you.
+* FAQ 3 - Getting Messages::                 Making Gnus read your mail
+                                             and news.
+* FAQ 4 - Reading messages::                 How to efficiently read
+                                             messages.
+* FAQ 5 - Composing messages::               Composing mails or Usenet
+                                             postings.
+* FAQ 6 - Old messages::                     Importing, archiving,
+                                             searching and deleting messages.
+* FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment::    Reading mail and news while
+                                             offline.
+* FAQ 8 - Getting help::                     When this FAQ isn't enough.
+* FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus::                      How to make Gnus faster.
+* FAQ - Glossary::                           Terms used in the FAQ
+                                             explained.
 @end menu

-
 @subheading Abstract

- This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.  If you have a
-Web browser, the official hypertext version is at
-@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}, the Docbook source is available from
-@uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnus/}.
-
-
- Please submit features and suggestions to the
- @email{faq-discuss@@my.gnus.org,FAQ discussion list}.
- The list is protected against junk mail with
- @uref{http://smarden.org/qconfirm/index.html,qconfirm, qconfirm}. As
- a subscriber, your submissions will automatically pass. You can
- also subscribe to the list by sending a blank email to
- @email{faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org}
- and
- @uref{http://mail1.kens.com/cgi-bin/ezmlm-browse?command=monthbythread%26list=faq-discuss,browse
- the archive, browse the archive}.
-
-@node FAQ - Introduction, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions, Frequently Asked Questions
-@comment  node-name,  next,  previous,  up
-@heading Introduction
+This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.
+If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at
+@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/},
+the Docbook source is available from
+@uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnus/, http://sourceforge.net}.
+
+Please submit features and suggestions to the
+@email{faq-discuss@@my.gnus.org, FAQ discussion list}.
+The list is protected against junk mail with
+@uref{http://smarden.org/qconfirm/index.html, qconfirm}. As
+a subscriber, your submissions will automatically pass.  You can
+also subscribe to the list by sending a blank email to
+@email{faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org, faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org}
+and @uref{http://mail1.kens.com/cgi-bin/ezmlm-browse?command=monthbythread%26list=faq-discuss, browse
+the archive}.
+
+@node FAQ - Changes
+@subheading Changes
+
+
+
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item
+Updated FAQ to reflect release of Gnus 5.10 and start of
+No Gnus development.
+@end itemize
+
+@node FAQ - Introduction
+@subheading Introduction

 This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.

 Gnus is a Usenet Newsreader and Electronic Mail User Agent implemented
- as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade
- now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of
- that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The
- original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA.
- When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and
- decided to rewrite Gnus.
-
- Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely
- customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but
- most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take
- advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail
- (you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read
- high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read
- high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you
- want.
-
- This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He
- would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful
- job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same - thanks,
- Justin!
-
-
- If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at:@*
- @uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}.
- This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext
- versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio
- State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below
- if you want information on obtaining it in another format.
-
-
- The information contained here was compiled with the assistance
- of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or
- misprints are the my.gnus.org team's fault, sorry.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ - Introduction, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
-@subsection Installation
+as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade
+now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of
+that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The
+original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA.
+When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and
+decided to rewrite Gnus.
+
+Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely
+customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but
+most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take
+advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail
+(you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read
+high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read
+high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you
+want.
+
+This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He
+would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful
+job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same - thanks,
+Justin!
+
+If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at:
+@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}.
+This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext
+versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio
+State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below
+if you want information on obtaining it in another format.
+
+The information contained here was compiled with the assistance
+of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or
+misprints are the my.gnus.org team's fault, sorry.
+
+@node FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ
+@subsection Installation FAQ

 @menu
-* [1.1]::   What is the latest version of Gnus?
-* [1.2]::   What's new in 5.10?
-* [1.3]::   Where and how to get Gnus?
-* [1.4]::   What to do with the tarball now?
-* [1.5]::   Which version of Emacs do I need?
-* [1.6]::   How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
+* [1.1]::    What is the latest version of Gnus?
+* [1.2]::    What's new in 5.10?
+* [1.3]::    Where and how to get Gnus?
+* [1.4]::    What to do with the tarball now?
+* [1.5]::    I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus, what
+             are those?
+* [1.6]::    Which version of Emacs do I need?
+* [1.7]::    How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
 @end menu

-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.1], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.1:
+@node [1.1]
+@subsubheading Question 1.1

 What is the latest version of Gnus?

-Answer:
-
- Jingle please: Gnus 5.10 is released, get it while it's
- hot! As well as the step in version number is rather
- small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you
- shouldn't miss, however if you are cautious, you might
- prefer to stay with 5.8.8 respectively 5.9 (they are
- basically the same) until some bugfix releases are out.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.2], [1.3], [1.1], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.2:
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Jingle please: Gnus 5.10 is released, get it while it's
+hot! As well as the step in version number is rather
+small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you
+shouldn't miss. The current release (5.10.6) should be at
+least as stable as the latest release of the 5.8 series.
+
+@node [1.2]
+@subsubheading Question 1.2

 What's new in 5.10?

-Answer:
-
- First of all, you should have a look into the file
- GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball,
- there the most important changes are listed. Here's a
- short list of the changes I find especially
- important/interesting:
-
-
-
-
-@itemize @bullet{}
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+First of all, you should have a look into the file
+GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball,
+there the most important changes are listed. Here's a
+short list of the changes I find especially
+important/interesting:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item
+Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now
+active by default.
+
+@item
+Many new article washing functions for dealing with
+ugly formatted articles.
+
+@item
+Anti Spam features.
+
+@item
+Message-utils now included in Gnus.

 @item
- Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now
- active by default.
-
-@item
- Many new article washing functions for dealing with
- ugly formatted articles.
-
-@item
- Anti Spam features.
-
-@item
- message-utils now included in Gnus.
-
-@item
- New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for
- a complex trn-style thread tree.
-
+New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for
+a complex trn-style thread tree.
 @end itemize
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.3], [1.4], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.3:
+
+@node [1.3]
+@subsubheading Question 1.3

 Where and how to get Gnus?

-Answer:
-
- The latest released version of Gnus isn't included in
- Emacs 21 and until now it also isn't available through the
- package system of XEmacs 21.4, therefor you should get the
- Gnus tarball from
- @uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz}
- or via anonymous FTP from
- @uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.4], [1.5], [1.3], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.4:
-
- What to do with the tarball now?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common
- @samp{./configure; make; make install} circle.
- (under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from
- @uref{http://www.cygwin.com}
- which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the
- tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from
- @uref{http://www.winace.com})
- and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install
- Gnus. If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus
- system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the
- following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs:
-
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The latest released version of Gnus isn't included in
+Emacs 21, therefor you should get the Gnus tarball from
+@uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz}
+or via anonymous FTP from
+@uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}.
+If you use XEmacs instead of Emacs you can use XEmacs'
+package system instead.
+
+@node [1.4]
+@subsubheading Question 1.4
+
+What to do with the tarball now?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common
+@samp{./configure; make; make install} circle.
+(under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from
+@uref{http://www.cygwin.com}
+which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the
+tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from
+@uref{http://www.winace.com})
+and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install
+Gnus.) If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus
+system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the
+following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs:

 @example
 (add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/gnus/lisp")
@@ -212,436 +205,395 @@
     (add-to-list 'Info-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/")
   (add-to-list 'Info-default-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/"))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff
- before this line, on MS Windows use something like
- "C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/").
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.5], [1.6], [1.4], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.5:
+
+Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff
+before this line, on MS Windows use something like
+"C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/").
+
+@node [1.5]
+@subsubheading Question 1.5
+
+I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus,
+what are those?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Oort Gnus was the name of the development version of
+Gnus, which became Gnus 5.10 in autumn 2003. No Gnus is
+the name of the current development version which will
+once become Gnus 5.12 or Gnus 6. (If you're wondering why
+not 5.11, the odd version numbers are normally used for
+the Gnus versions bundled with Emacs)
+
+@node [1.6]
+@subsubheading Question 1.6

 Which version of Emacs do I need?

-Answer:
-
- Gnus 5.10 requires an Emacs version that is greater
- than or equal to Emacs 20.7 or XEmacs 21.1.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.6],  , [1.5], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.6:
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus 5.10 requires an Emacs version that is greater
+than or equal to Emacs 20.7 or XEmacs 21.1. The
+development versions of Gnus (aka No Gnus) require Emacs
+21 or XEmacs 21.4.
+
+@node [1.7]
+@subsubheading Question 1.7

 How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?

-Answer:
-
- You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp
- files are byte-compiled to a format which is different
- depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy
- of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp
+files are byte-compiled to a format which is different
+depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy
+of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs.
+
+@node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
 @subsection Startup / Group buffer

 @menu
-* [2.1]::   Every time I start Gnus I get a message
-            "Gnus auto-save file exists. Do you want to read it?",
-            what does this mean and how to prevent it?
-* [2.2]::   Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, what's this?
-* [2.3]::   How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
-* [2.4]::   My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to sort my
-            groups into categories so I can easier browse through them?
-* [2.5]::   How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to sort the
-            groups in a topic?
+* [2.1]::    Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
+             file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean and
+             how to prevent it?
+* [2.2]::    Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
+             what's this?
+* [2.3]::    How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
+* [2.4]::    My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
+             sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse through
+             them?
+* [2.5]::    How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
+             sort the groups in a topic?
 @end menu

-@ifnottex
-@node [2.1], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 2.1:
-
- Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
- file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean
- and how to prevent it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it
- wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its
- informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you
- are now asked if you want to restore those informations
- from the auto-save file.
-
-
- To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus
- via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of
- just killing Emacs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.2], [2.3], [2.1], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question: 2.2
-
- Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
- what's this?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You get the message described in the q/a pair above while
- starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same
- problem, so read the answer above.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.3], [2.4], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 2.3:
-
- How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You've got to tweak the value of the variable
- gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line
- Specification" for information on how to do this. An
- example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)):
-
+@node [2.1]
+@subsubheading Question 2.1
+
+Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
+file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean
+and how to prevent it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it
+wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its
+informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you
+are now asked if you want to restore those informations
+from the auto-save file.
+
+To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus
+via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of
+just killing Emacs.
+
+@node [2.2]
+@subsubheading Question 2.2
+
+Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
+what's this?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You get the message described in the q/a pair above while
+starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same
+problem, so read the answer above.
+
+@node [2.3]
+@subsubheading Question 2.3
+
+How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You've got to tweak the value of the variable
+gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line
+Specification" for information on how to do this. An
+example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)):

 @example
-
 (setq gnus-group-line-format "%P%M%S[%5t]%5y : %(%g%)\n")
-
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.4], [2.5], [2.3], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 2.4:
-
- My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
- sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse
- through them?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your
- groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with
- Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under
- the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under
- the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music.
-
-
- To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now
- you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic
- at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to
- a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the
- menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the
- beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have
- the groups nicely indented.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.5],  , [2.4], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 2.5:
-
- How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
- sort the groups in a topic?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Move point over the group you want to move and
- hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the
- place where you want the group to be and
- hit @samp{C-y}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
-@subsection Getting messages
+@noindent
+
+@node [2.4]
+@subsubheading Question 2.4
+
+My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
+sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse
+through them?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your
+groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with
+Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under
+the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under
+the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music.
+
+To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now
+you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic
+at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to
+a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the
+menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the
+beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have
+the groups nicely indented.
+
+@node [2.5]
+@subsubheading Question 2.5
+
+How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
+sort the groups in a topic?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Move point over the group you want to move and
+hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the
+place where you want the group to be and
+hit @samp{C-y}.
+
+@node FAQ 3 - Getting Messages
+@subsection Getting Messages

 @menu
-* [3.1]::   I just installed Gnus, started it via M-x gnus but it only says
-            "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
-* [3.2]::   I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means.
-* [3.3]::   My news server requires authentication, how to store user name
-            and password on disk?
-* [3.4]::   Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
-            subscribe to a group.
-* [3.5]::   Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
-            post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
-* [3.6]::   I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
-* [3.7]::   And how about local spool files?
-* [3.8]::   OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
-            with Gnus, too. How to do it?
-* [3.9]::   And what about IMAP?
-* [3.10]::  At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers,
-            can I use Gnus to read my mail from it?
-* [3.11]::  Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server
-            it retrieves via POP3?
+* [3.1]::     I just installed Gnus, started it via  @samp{M-x gnus}
+              but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
+* [3.2]::     I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus.el
+              means.
+* [3.3]::     My news server requires authentication, how to store user
+              name and password on disk?
+* [3.4]::     Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
+              subscribe to a group.
+* [3.5]::     Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed
+              to post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
+* [3.6]::     I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this
+              possible?
+* [3.7]::     And how about local spool files?
+* [3.8]::     OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read
+              my mail with Gnus, too. How to do it?
+* [3.9]::     And what about IMAP?
+* [3.10]::    At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can
+              I use Gnus to read my mail from it?
+* [3.11]::    Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
+              retrieves via POP3?
 @end menu

-@ifnottex
-@node [3.1], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.1:
-
- I just installed Gnus, started it via
- @samp{M-x gnus}
- but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read
- the documentation for information on how to do this. As a
- first start, put those lines in ~/.gnus:
-
+@node [3.1]
+@subsubheading Question 3.1
+
+I just installed Gnus, started it via
+@samp{M-x gnus}
+but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read
+the documentation for information on how to do this. As a
+first start, put those lines in ~/.gnus.el:

 @example
 (setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.yourprovider.net"))
 (setq user-mail-address "you@@yourprovider.net")
 (setq user-full-name "Your Name")
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.2], [3.3], [3.1], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.2:
-
- I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means.
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look for the
-configuration files. However, you don't really need to know what this
-means, it suffices that Emacs knows what it means :-) You can type
-@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET } (yes, with the forward slash, even on
-Windows), and Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most
-likely be new, and thus empty.)  However, I'd discourage you from
-doing so, since the directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be
-what you want, so let's do it the correct way.  The first thing you've
-got to do is to create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory
-name please) e.g. @file{c:\myhome}. Then you must set the environment
-variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Win9x or Me include
-the line
-
+@noindent
+
+@node [3.2]
+@subsubheading Question 3.2
+
+I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus.el means.
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look
+for the configuration files.  However, you don't really
+need to know what this means, it suffices that Emacs knows
+what it means :-) You can type
+@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET }
+(yes, with the forward slash, even on Windows), and
+Emacs will open the right file for you.  (It will most
+likely be new, and thus empty.)
+However, I'd discourage you from doing so, since the
+directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be what
+you want, so let's do it the correct way.
+The first thing you've got to do is to
+create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory name
+please) e.g. c:\myhome. Then you must set the environment
+variable HOME to this directory.  To do this under Win9x
+or Me include the line

 @example
-
 SET HOME=C:\myhome
-
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP,
- hit Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it
- doesn't work, go to Control Panel -> System). There you'll
- find the possibility to set environment variables, create
- a new one with name HOME and value @file{c:\myhome}, a reboot is
- not necessary.
-
-
- Now to create ~/.gnus, say
- @samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET C-x C-s}.
- in Emacs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.3], [3.4], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.3:
-
- My news server requires authentication, how to store
- user name and password on disk?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this
-
+
+in your autoexec.bat and reboot.  Under NT, 2000 and XP,
+hit Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it
+doesn't work, go to Control Panel -> System). There you'll
+find the possibility to set environment variables, create
+a new one with name HOME and value C:\myhome, a reboot is
+not necessary.
+
+Now to create ~/.gnus.el, say
+@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET C-x C-s}.
+in Emacs.
+
+@node [3.3]
+@subsubheading Question 3.3
+
+My news server requires authentication, how to store
+user name and password on disk?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this

 @example
 machine news.yourprovider.net login YourUserName password YourPassword
 @end example
-
 @noindent
 .
- Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you
- work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix
- say
-
+Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you
+work on a OS which is capable of doing so.  (Under Unix
+say
 @example
 chmod 600 ~/.authinfo
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- in a shell.)
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.4], [3.5], [3.3], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.4:
-
- Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
- subscribe to a group.
-
-
-Answer:
-
- If you know the name of the group say @samp{U
- name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the
- tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer,
- this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the
- cursor) over the server which carries the group you want,
- hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group
- you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u}
- to subscribe to it.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.5], [3.6], [3.4], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.5:
-
- Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
- post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full
- access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo
- to those servers append
-
+
+in a shell.)
+
+@node [3.4]
+@subsubheading Question 3.4
+
+Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
+subscribe to a group.
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+If you know the name of the group say @samp{U
+name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the
+tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer,
+this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the
+cursor) over the server which carries the group you want,
+hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group
+you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u}
+to subscribe to it.
+
+@node [3.5]
+@subsubheading Question 3.5
+
+Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
+post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full
+access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo
+to those servers append

 @example
 force yes
 @end example
-
-
 @noindent
- to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo.

-@ifnottex
-@node [3.6], [3.7], [3.5], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.6:
-
- I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the
- variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like
- this in ~/.gnus:
-
+to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo.
+
+@node [3.6]
+@subsubheading Question 3.6
+
+I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the
+variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like
+this in ~/.gnus.el:

 @example
-(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
              '(nntp "news.yourSecondProvider.net"))
-(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
-             '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net"))
+(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+             '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net"))
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.7], [3.8], [3.6], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.7:
-
- And how about local spool files?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- No problem, this is just one more select method called
- nnspool, so you want this:
-
+@noindent
+
+@node [3.7]
+@subsubheading Question 3.7
+
+And how about local spool files?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+No problem, this is just one more select method called
+nnspool, so you want this:

 @example
 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnspool ""))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source:
-
+
+Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source:

 @example
 (setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool ""))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you
- want something different, change the line above to something like this:
-
+
+Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you
+want something different, change the line above to something like this:

 @example
 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
-             '(nnspool "" (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir")))
+             '(nnspool ""
+		       (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir")))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- This sets the spool directory for this server only.
- You might have to specify more stuff like the program used
- to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.8], [3.9], [3.7], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.8:
-
- OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
- with Gnus, too. How to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources
- for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many
- different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are
- these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and
- send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like
- fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from
- where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by
- Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even
- need a combination of the above cases.
-
-
- However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way
- it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end
- to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most
- commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file
- and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one
- file per group approach if your file system has problems with
- many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the
- choice for you. To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus:
-
+
+This sets the spool directory for this server only.
+You might have to specify more stuff like the program used
+to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this.
+
+@node [3.8]
+@subsubheading Question 3.8
+
+OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
+with Gnus, too. How to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources
+for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many
+different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are
+these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and
+send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like
+fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from
+where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by
+Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even
+need a combination of the above cases.
+
+However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way
+it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end
+to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most
+commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file
+and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one
+file per group approach if your file system has problems with
+many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the
+choice for you.  To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus.el:

 @example
 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnml ""))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's
-
+
+As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's

 @example
 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnfolder ""))
 @end example
-
-
- Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If
- it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this:
-
+@noindent
+
+Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If
+it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this:

 @example
 (eval-after-load "mail-source"
@@ -649,75 +601,68 @@
                                     :user "yourUserName"
                                     :password "yourPassword")))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- Make sure ~/.gnus isn't readable to others if you store
- your password there. If you want to read your mail from a
- traditional spool file on your local machine, it's
-
+
+Make sure ~/.gnus.el isn't readable to others if you store
+your password there. If you want to read your mail from a
+traditional spool file on your local machine, it's

 @example
 (eval-after-load "mail-source"
-  '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file")))
+  '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file"))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by
- postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's
-
+
+If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by
+postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's

 @example
 (eval-after-load "mail-source"
   '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(maildir :path "/path/to/Maildir/"
                                         :subdirs ("cur" "new")))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- And finally if you want to read your mail from several files
- in one directory, for example because procmail already split your
- mail, it's
-
+
+And finally if you want to read your mail from several files
+in one directory, for example because procmail already split your
+mail, it's

 @example
 (eval-after-load "mail-source"
-  '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/"
-                                          :suffix ".prcml"))
+  '(add-to-list 'mail-sources
+		'(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/"
+			    :suffix ".prcml")))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the
- suffix .prcml.
-
-
- OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you
- want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing
- the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do
- anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an
- SMTP Server you need the following in your ~/.gnus
-
+
+Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the
+suffix .prcml.
+
+OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you
+want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing
+the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do
+anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an
+SMTP Server you need the following in your ~/.gnus.el

 @example
 (setq send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it)
 (setq message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it)
 (setq smtpmail-default-smtp-server "smtp.yourProvider.net")
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.9], [3.10], [3.8], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.9:
-
- And what about IMAP?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is
- to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from
- the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do
- this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to
- ~/.gnus
-
+@noindent
+
+@node [3.9]
+@subsubheading Question 3.9
+
+And what about IMAP?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is
+to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from
+the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do
+this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to
+~/.gnus.el

 @example
 (add-to-list 'mail-sources '(imap :server "mail.mycorp.com"
@@ -728,249 +673,215 @@
                                   :mailbox "INBOX"
                                   :fetchflag "\\Seen"))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or
- authentification, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source
- Specifiers" for possible values.
-
-
- If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to
- follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap
- back end to your select method and give the information
- about the server there.
-
+
+You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or
+authentification, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source
+Specifiers" for possible values.
+
+If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to
+follow a different approach.  You've got to add the nnimap
+back end to your select method and give the information
+about the server there.

 @example
-(add-to-list
- 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
- '(nnimap "Give the baby a name"
-          (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net")
-          (nnimap-port 143)
-          (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*")))
+(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+	     '(nnimap "Give the baby a name"
+		      (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net")
+		      (nnimap-port 143)
+		      (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*")))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the
- server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual
- Node "IMAP" for detailed information.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.10], [3.11], [3.9], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.10:
-
- At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use
- Gnus to read my mail from it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for
- activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions
- above.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.11],  , [3.10], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.11:
-
- Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
- retrieves via POP3?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- First of all, that's not the way POP3 is intended to work,
- if you have the possibility, you should use the IMAP
- Protocol if you want your messages to stay on the
- server. Nevertheless there might be situations where you
- need the feature, but sadly Gnus itself has no predefined
- functionality to do so.
-
-
- However this is Gnus county so there are possibilities to
- achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external
- program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them
- on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you
- could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use
- Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server.
-
-
- The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus
- uses to get mail from POP3 servers by one which is capable
- of leaving the mail on the server. If you use XEmacs, get
- the package mail-lib, it includes an enhanced pop3.el,
- look in the file, there's documentation on how to tell
- Gnus to use it and not to delete the retrieved mail. For
- GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same
- (If you know the home of this file, please send me an
- e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program
- (e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node
- "Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do
- it.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+
+Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the
+server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual
+Node "IMAP" for detailed information.
+
+@node [3.10]
+@subsubheading Question 3.10
+
+At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use
+Gnus to read my mail from it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for
+activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions
+above.
+
+@node [3.11]
+@subsubheading Question 3.11
+
+Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
+retrieves via POP3?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+First of all, that's not the way POP3 is intended to work,
+if you have the possibility, you should use the IMAP
+Protocol if you want your messages to stay on the
+server. Nevertheless there might be situations where you
+need the feature, but sadly Gnus itself has no predefined
+functionality to do so.
+
+However this is Gnus county so there are possibilities to
+achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external
+program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them
+on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you
+could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use
+Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server.
+
+The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus
+uses to get mail from POP3 servers by one which is capable
+of leaving the mail on the server. If you use XEmacs, get
+the package mail-lib, it includes an enhanced pop3.el,
+look in the file, there's documentation on how to tell
+Gnus to use it and not to delete the retrieved mail. For
+GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same
+(If you know the home of this file, please send me an
+e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program
+(e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node
+"Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do
+it.
+
+@node FAQ 4 - Reading messages
 @subsection Reading messages

 @menu
-* [4.1]::   When I enter a group, all read messages are gone.
-            How to view them again?
-* [4.2]::   How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time
-            I enter a group, even when it's read?
-* [4.3]::   How to view the headers of a message?
-* [4.4]::   How to view the raw unformatted message?
-* [4.5]::   How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at the
-            top of the article buffer?
-* [4.6]::   I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
-            text part if it's available. How to do it?
-* [4.7]::   Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
-* [4.8]::   Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
-            more readable?
-* [4.9]::   Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific authors
-            or with specific words in the subject? And can I highlight more
-            interesting ones in some way?
-* [4.10]::  How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set
-            other variables specific for some groups?
-* [4.11]::  Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to those?
-* [4.12]::  The number of total messages in a group which Gnus displays in
-            group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail groups.
-            Is this a bug?
-* [4.13]::  I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer,
-            how to change it?  Perhaps even a three pane display?
-* [4.14]::  I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it?
-* [4.15]::  How to split incoming mails in several groups?
+* [4.1]::     When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to
+              view them again?
+* [4.2]::     How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I
+              enter a group, even when it's read?
+* [4.3]::     How to view the headers of a message?
+* [4.4]::     How to view the raw unformatted message?
+* [4.5]::     How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
+              the top of the article buffer?
+* [4.6]::     I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
+              text part if it's available. How to do it?
+* [4.7]::     Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my
+              HTML-mails?
+* [4.8]::     Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
+              more readable?
+* [4.9]::     Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
+              authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I highlight
+              more interesting ones in some way?
+* [4.10]::    How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups,
+              or set other variables specific for some groups?
+* [4.11]::    Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
+              those?
+* [4.12]::    The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
+              displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail
+              groups. Is this a bug?
+* [4.13]::    I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how
+              to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
+* [4.14]::    I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to
+              tweak it?
+* [4.15]::    How to split incoming mails in several groups?
 @end menu

-@ifnottex
-@node [4.1], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.1:
-
- When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- If you enter the group by saying
- @samp{RET}
- in group buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say
- @samp{C-u RET}
- instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest say
- @samp{C-u 300 RET}
-
-
- Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say
-
+@node [4.1]
+@subsubheading Question 4.1
+
+When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+If you enter the group by saying
+@samp{RET}
+in group buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say
+@samp{C-u RET}
+instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest say
+@samp{C-u 300 RET}
+
+Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say

 @example
 (setq gnus-fetch-old-headers 'some)
 @end example
-
-
 @noindent
- in ~/.gnus to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with t to load
- all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is
- fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group).
-
-
- If you already use Gnus 5.10, you can say
- @samp{/o N}
- In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8
-
-
- If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading,
- you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread
- the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.2], [4.3], [4.1], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.2:
-
- How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I
- enter a group, even when it's read?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You can tick important messages. To do this hit
- @samp{u} while point is in summary buffer
- over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit
- either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick
- mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c}
- (which deletes all marks for the message).
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.3], [4.4], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.3:
-
- How to view the headers of a message?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Say @samp{t}
- to show all headers, one more
- @samp{t}
- hides them again.

-@ifnottex
-@node [4.4], [4.5], [4.3], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.4:
-
- How to view the raw unformatted message?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Say
- @samp{C-u g}
- to show the raw message
- @samp{g}
- returns to normal view.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.5], [4.6], [4.4], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.5:
-
- How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
- the top of the article buffer?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers
- are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines
- which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject,
- date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA
- say this in ~/.gnus:
-
+in ~/.gnus.el to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with t to load
+all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is
+fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group).
+
+If you already use Gnus 5.10, you can say
+@samp{/o N}
+In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8
+
+If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading,
+you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread
+the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend.
+
+@node [4.2]
+@subsubheading Question 4.2
+
+How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I
+enter a group, even when it's read?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can tick important messages. To do this hit
+@samp{u} while point is in summary buffer
+over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit
+either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick
+mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c}
+(which deletes all marks for the message).
+
+@node [4.3]
+@subsubheading Question 4.3
+
+How to view the headers of a message?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say @samp{t}
+to show all headers, one more
+@samp{t}
+hides them again.
+
+@node [4.4]
+@subsubheading Question 4.4
+
+How to view the raw unformatted message?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say
+@samp{C-u g}
+to show the raw message
+@samp{g}
+returns to normal view.
+
+@node [4.5]
+@subsubheading Question 4.5
+
+How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
+the top of the article buffer?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers
+are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines
+which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject,
+date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA
+say this in ~/.gnus.el:
+
 @example
-(setq gnus-visible-headers
-      "^\\(From:\\|Subject:\\|Date:\\|Followup-To:\
-\\|X-Newsreader:\\|User-Agent:\\|X-Mailer:\\)")
+(setq gnus-visible-headers
+      '("^From" "^Subject" "^Date" "^Newsgroups" "^Followup-To"
+	"^User-Agent" "^X-Newsreader" "^X-Mailer"))
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.6], [4.7], [4.5], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.6:
-
- I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
- text part if it's available. How to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Say
-
+@noindent
+
+@node [4.6]
+@subsubheading Question 4.6
+
+I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
+text part if it's available. How to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say

 @example
 (eval-after-load "mm-decode"
@@ -978,240 +889,206 @@
       (add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/html")
       (add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/richtext")))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- in ~/.gnus. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add
-
+
+in ~/.gnus.el. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add

 @example
 (setq mm-automatic-display (remove "text/html" mm-automatic-display))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- too.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.7], [4.8], [4.6], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.7:
-
- Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Only if you use Gnus 5.10 or younger. In this case you've got the
- choice between w3, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which
- one is used can be specified in the variable
- mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your
- mail say
-
+
+too.
+
+@node [4.7]
+@subsubheading Question 4.7
+
+Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Only if you use Gnus 5.10 or younger. In this case you've got the
+choice between w3, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which
+one is used can be specified in the variable
+mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your
+mail say

 @example
 (setq mm-text-html-renderer 'links)
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.8], [4.9], [4.7], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.8:
-
- Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
- more readable?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail,
- you can find them if you browse through the menu, item Article->Washing. The most
- interesting ones are probably "Wrap long lines" (
- @samp{W w}
- ), "Decode ROT13" (
- @samp{W r}
- ) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs the dumb quoting used
- by many users of Microsoft products (
- @samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify.
- See @samp{W Y C-h} or
- have a look at the menus for other deuglifications).
- Outlook deuglify is only available since Gnus 5.10.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.9], [4.10], [4.8], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.9:
-
- Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
- authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
- highlight more interesting ones in some way?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules
- which assign each message an integer value. Depending on
- the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if
- it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the
- value is low, say -800) or some other action happens.
-
-
- There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign
- the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set
- up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're
- reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want
- to ignore his messages in the future. Hit
- @samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score.
- Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall
- be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities,
- we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from
- header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want.
- Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or
- @samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards
- everything but the name to score down all authors with the given
- name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell
- Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g.
- @samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last
- forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say
- @samp{I} instead of @samp{L}.
-
-
- You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V
- f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name
- of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in
- only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the
- Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list
- whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists
- is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match,
- which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the
- matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the
- following to your all.Score:
-
+@noindent
+
+@node [4.8]
+@subsubheading Question 4.8
+
+Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
+more readable?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail, you can
+find them if you browse through the menu, item
+Article->Washing. The most interesting ones are probably "Wrap
+long lines" (@samp{W w}), "Decode ROT13"
+(@samp{W r}) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs
+the dumb quoting used by many users of Microsoft products
+(@samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify.
+See @samp{W Y C-h} or have a look at the menus for
+other deuglifications).  Outlook deuglify is only available since
+Gnus 5.10.
+
+@node [4.9]
+@subsubheading Question 4.9
+
+Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
+authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
+highlight more interesting ones in some way?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules
+which assign each message an integer value. Depending on
+the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if
+it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the
+value is low, say -800) or some other action happens.
+
+There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign
+the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set
+up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're
+reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want
+to ignore his messages in the future. Hit
+@samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score.
+Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall
+be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities,
+we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from
+header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want.
+Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or
+@samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards
+everything but the name to score down all authors with the given
+name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell
+Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g.
+@samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last
+forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say
+@samp{I} instead of @samp{L}.
+
+You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V
+f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name
+of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in
+only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the
+Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list
+whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists
+is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match,
+which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the
+matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the
+following to your all.Score:

 @example
 (("references" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 500 nil s))
  ("message-id" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 999 nil s)))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me
- and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly
- indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course
- nobody with a sane mind would do this :-)
-
-
- The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus
- watches you and tries to find out what you find
- interesting and what annoying and sets up rules
- which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help
- when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate
- adaptive scoring say
-
+
+This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me
+and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly
+indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course
+nobody with a sane mind would do this :-)
+
+The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus
+watches you and tries to find out what you find
+interesting and what annoying and sets up rules
+which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help
+when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate
+adaptive scoring say

 @example
 (setq gnus-use-adaptive-scoring t)
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- in ~/.gnus.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.10], [4.11], [4.9], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.10:
-
- How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or
- set other variables specific for some groups?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- While in group buffer move point over the group and hit
- @samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you
- can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer
- you'll find an item that allows you to set variables
- locally for the group. To disable threading enter
- gnus-show-threads as name of variable and nil as
- value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when
- you're ready.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.11], [4.12], [4.10], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.11:
-
- Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
- those?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes
- in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we
- make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look
- like) for those postings, then we'll give them some
- special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new
- faces. You can find detailed instructions on how to do it on
- @uref{http://my.gnus.org/Members/dzimmerm/HowTo%2C2002-07-25%2C1027619165012198456/view,my.gnus.org}
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.12], [4.13], [4.11], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.12:
-
- The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
- displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in
- mail groups. Is this a bug?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would
- mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus'
- back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number -
- lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This
- works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move
- many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the
- symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET}
- (this makes Gnus get all messages), then
- hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and
- then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move
- all messages to the group they have been in before, they
- get new message numbers in this process and the count is
- right again (until you delete and move your mail to other
- groups again).
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.13], [4.14], [4.12], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.13:
-
- I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how
- to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You can control the windows configuration by calling the
- function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit
- complicated but explained very well in the manual node
- "Window Layout". Some popular examples:
-
-
- Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65%
- article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining
- space"):
-
+
+in ~/.gnus.el.
+
+@node [4.10]
+@subsubheading Question 4.10
+
+How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or
+set other variables specific for some groups?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+While in group buffer move point over the group and hit
+@samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you
+can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer
+you'll find an item that allows you to set variables
+locally for the group. To disable threading enter
+gnus-show-threads as name of variable and nil as
+value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when
+you're ready.
+
+@node [4.11]
+@subsubheading Question 4.11
+
+Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
+those?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes
+in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we
+make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look
+like) for those postings, then we'll give them some
+special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new
+faces. You can find detailed instructions on how to do it on
+@uref{http://my.gnus.org/node/view/224, my.gnus.org}
+
+@node [4.12]
+@subsubheading Question 4.12
+
+The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
+displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in
+mail groups. Is this a bug?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would
+mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus'
+back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number -
+lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This
+works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move
+many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the
+symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET}
+(this makes Gnus get all messages), then
+hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and
+then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move
+all messages to the group they have been in before, they
+get new message numbers in this process and the count is
+right again (until you delete and move your mail to other
+groups again).
+
+@node [4.13]
+@subsubheading Question 4.13
+
+I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how
+to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can control the windows configuration by calling the
+function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit
+complicated but explained very well in the manual node
+"Window Layout". Some popular examples:
+
+Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65%
+article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining
+space"):

 @example
-(gnus-add-configuration
- '(article (vertical 1.0
-                     (summary .35 point)
-                     (article 1.0))))
+(gnus-add-configuration
+ '(article (vertical 1.0 (summary .35 point) (article 1.0))))
 @end example
-
-
- A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary
- buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right:
-
+@noindent
+
+A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary
+buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right:

 @example
 (gnus-add-configuration
@@ -1228,46 +1105,40 @@
 	       (vertical 25
 			 (group 1.0))
 	       (vertical 1.0
-			 (summary 1.0 point)))))
+			 (summary 1.0 point)))))
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.14], [4.15], [4.13], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.14:
-
- I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You've got to play around with the variable
- gnus-summary-line-format. It's value is a string of
- symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject
- etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the
- manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten
- node "Formatting Variables" and it's sub-nodes. There
- you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and
- tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but
- sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8.
-
-
- Since 5.10, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers,
- e.g. %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which
- gives you a date where the details are dependent of the
- articles age. Here's an example which uses both:
-
+@noindent
+
+@node [4.14]
+@subsubheading Question 4.14
+
+I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You've got to play around with the variable
+gnus-summary-line-format. It's value is a string of
+symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject
+etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the
+manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten
+node "Formatting Variables" and it's sub-nodes. There
+you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and
+tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but
+sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8.
+
+Since 5.10, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers,
+e.g. %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which
+gives you a date where the details are dependent of the
+articles age. Here's an example which uses both:

 @example
-(setq gnus-summary-line-format
-      ":%U%R %B %s %-60=|%4L |%-20,20f |%&user-date; \n")
+(setq gnus-summary-line-format ":%U%R %B %s %-60=|%4L |%-20,20f |%&user-date; \n")
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- resulting in:
-
-
-@smallexample
+
+resulting in:
+
+@example
 :O     Re: [Richard Stallman] rfc2047.el          |  13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:06
 :O     Re: Revival of the ding-patches list       |  13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:12
 :R  >  Re: Find correct list of articles for a gro|  25 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:16
@@ -1280,54 +1151,48 @@
 :R  >  Re: Gnus still doesn't count messages prope|  23 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:57
 :O  \->  ...                                      |  18 |Kai Grossjohann      | 0:35
 :O    \->  ...                                    |  13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt | 0:56
-@end smallexample
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.15],  , [4.14], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.15:
-
- How to split incoming mails in several groups?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Gnus offers two possibilities for splitting mail, the easy
- nnmail-split-methods and the more powerful Fancy Mail
- Splitting. I'll only talk about the first one, refer to
- the manual, node "Fancy Mail Splitting" for the latter.
-
-
- The value of nnmail-split-methods is a list, each element
- is a list which stands for a splitting rule. Each rule has
- the form "group where matching articles should go to",
- "regular expression which has to be matched", the first
- rule which matches wins. The last rule must always be a
- general rule (regular expression .*) which denotes where
- articles should go which don't match any other rule. If
- the folder doesn't exist yet, it will be created as soon
- as an article lands there. By default the mail will be
- send to all groups whose rules match. If you
- don't want that (you probably don't want), say
-
+@end example
+@noindent
+
+@node [4.15]
+@subsubheading Question 4.15
+
+How to split incoming mails in several groups?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus offers two possibilities for splitting mail, the easy
+nnmail-split-methods and the more powerful Fancy Mail
+Splitting. I'll only talk about the first one, refer to
+the manual, node "Fancy Mail Splitting" for the latter.
+
+The value of nnmail-split-methods is a list, each element
+is a list which stands for a splitting rule. Each rule has
+the form "group where matching articles should go to",
+"regular expression which has to be matched", the first
+rule which matches wins. The last rule must always be a
+general rule (regular expression .*) which denotes where
+articles should go which don't match any other rule. If
+the folder doesn't exist yet, it will be created as soon
+as an article lands there.  By default the mail will be
+send to all groups whose rules match. If you
+don't want that (you probably don't want), say

 @example
 (setq nnmail-crosspost nil)
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- in ~/.gnus.
-
-
- An example might be better than thousand words, so here's
- my nnmail-split-methods. Note that I send duplicates in a
- special group and that the default group is spam, since I
- filter all mails out which are from some list I'm
- subscribed to or which are addressed directly to me
- before. Those rules kill about 80% of the Spam which
- reaches me (Email addresses are changed to prevent spammers
- from using them):
-
+
+in ~/.gnus.el.
+
+An example might be better than thousand words, so here's
+my nnmail-split-methods. Note that I send duplicates in a
+special group and that the default group is spam, since I
+filter all mails out which are from some list I'm
+subscribed to or which are addressed directly to me
+before. Those rules kill about 80% of the Spam which
+reaches me (Email addresses are changed to prevent spammers
+from using them):

 @example
 (setq nnmail-split-methods
@@ -1336,133 +1201,114 @@
     ("Gnus-Tut" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@socha.bla.*")
     ("tcsh" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@mx.gw.bla.*")
     ("BAfH" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@.*uni-muenchen.bla.*")
-    ("Hamster-src"
-     "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*hamster-sourcen@@yahoogroups.\\(de\\|com\\).*")
+    ("Hamster-src" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*hamster-sourcen@@yahoogroups.\\(de\\|com\\).*")
     ("Tagesschau" "^From: tagesschau <localpart@@www.tagesschau.bla>$")
     ("Replies" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@Frank-Schmitt.bla.*")
-    ("EK"
-     "^From:.*\\(localpart@@privateprovider.bla\\|localpart@@workplace.bla\\).*")
-    ("Spam"
-     "^Content-Type:.*\\(ks_c_5601-1987\\|EUC-KR\\|big5\\|iso-2022-jp\\).*")
-    ("Spam"
-     "^Subject:.*\\(This really work\\|XINGA\\|ADV:\\|XXX\\|adult\\|sex\\).*")
-    ("Spam"
-     "^Subject:.*\\(\=\?ks_c_5601-1987\?\\|\=\?euc-kr\?\\|\=\?big5\?\\).*")
+    ("EK" "^From:.*\\(localpart@@privateprovider.bla\\|localpart@@workplace.bla\\).*")
+    ("Spam" "^Content-Type:.*\\(ks_c_5601-1987\\|EUC-KR\\|big5\\|iso-2022-jp\\).*")
+    ("Spam" "^Subject:.*\\(This really work\\|XINGA\\|ADV:\\|XXX\\|adult\\|sex\\).*")
+    ("Spam" "^Subject:.*\\(\=\?ks_c_5601-1987\?\\|\=\?euc-kr\?\\|\=\?big5\?\\).*")
     ("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*BulkMailer.*\\|.*MIME::Lite.*\\|\\)")
-    ("Spam"
-     "^X-Mailer:\\(.*CyberCreek Avalanche\\|.*http\:\/\/GetResponse\.com\\)")
-    ("Spam"
-     "^From:.*\\(verizon\.net\\|prontomail\.com\\|money\\|ConsumerDirect\\).*")
+    ("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*CyberCreek Avalanche\\|.*http\:\/\/GetResponse\.com\\)")
+    ("Spam" "^From:.*\\(verizon\.net\\|prontomail\.com\\|money\\|ConsumerDirect\\).*")
     ("Spam" "^Delivered-To: GMX delivery to spamtrap@@gmx.bla$")
     ("Spam" "^Received: from link2buy.com")
     ("Spam" "^CC: .*azzrael@@t-online.bla")
     ("Spam" "^X-Mailer-Version: 1.50 BETA")
     ("Uni" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@uni-koblenz.bla.*")
-    ("Inbox"
-     "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*\\(my\ name\\|address@@one.bla\\|adress@@two.bla\\)")
+    ("Inbox" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*\\(my\ name\\|address@@one.bla\\|adress@@two.bla\\)")
     ("Spam" "")))
 @end example
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 5 - Composing messages
 @subsection Composing messages

 @menu
-* [5.1]::   What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and
-            postings?
-* [5.2]::   How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages?
-* [5.3]::   How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...?
-* [5.4]::   Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the
-            group I post too?
-* [5.5]::   Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking?
-* [5.6]::   Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to?
-* [5.7]::   Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember all
-            those email addresses?
-* [5.8]::   Sometimes I see little images at the top of article buffer.
-            What's that and how can I send one with my postings, too?
-* [5.9]::   Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in newsgroups.
-            Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in newsgroups?
-* [5.10]::  How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
-* [5.11]::  I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and news,
-            how to do it?
-* [5.12]::  People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct,
-            why aren't they and how to fix it?
+* [5.1]::     What are the basic commands I need to know for sending
+              mail and postings?
+* [5.2]::     How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages?
+* [5.3]::     How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To,
+              signature...?
+* [5.4]::     Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on
+              the group I post too?
+* [5.5]::     Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly
+              spell-checking?
+* [5.6]::     Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting
+              to?
+* [5.7]::     Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember
+              all those email addresses?
+* [5.8]::     Sometimes I see little images at the top of article
+              buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my postings, too?
+* [5.9]::     Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in newsgroups.
+              Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in newsgroups?
+* [5.10]::    How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
+* [5.11]::    I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and
+              news, how to do it?
+* [5.12]::    People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why aren't
+              they and how to fix it?
 @end menu

-@ifnottex
-@node [5.1], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.1:
-
- What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and postings?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- To start composing a new mail hit @samp{m}
- either in Group or Summary buffer, for a posting, it's
- either @samp{a} in Group buffer and
- filling the Newsgroups header manually
- or @samp{a} in the Summary buffer of the
- group where the posting shall be send to. Replying by mail
- is
- @samp{r} if you don't want to cite the
- author, or import the cited text manually and
- @samp{R} to cite the text of the original
- message. For a follow up to a newsgroup, it's
- @samp{f} and @samp{F}
- (analog to @samp{r} and
- @samp{R}).
-
-
- Enter new headers above the line saying "--text follows
- this line--", enter the text below the line. When ready
- hit @samp{C-c C-c}, to send the message,
- if you want to finish it later hit @samp{C-c
- C-d} to save it in the drafts group, where you
- can start editing it again by saying @samp{D
- e}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.2], [5.3], [5.1], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.2:
-
- How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Say
-
+@node [5.1]
+@subsubheading Question 5.1
+
+What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and postings?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+To start composing a new mail hit @samp{m}
+either in Group or Summary buffer, for a posting, it's
+either @samp{a} in Group buffer and
+filling the Newsgroups header manually
+or @samp{a} in the Summary buffer of the
+group where the posting shall be send to. Replying by mail
+is
+@samp{r} if you don't want to cite the
+author, or import the cited text manually and
+@samp{R} to cite the text of the original
+message. For a follow up to a newsgroup, it's
+@samp{f} and @samp{F}
+(analogously to @samp{r} and
+@samp{R}).
+
+Enter new headers above the line saying "--text follows
+this line--", enter the text below the line. When ready
+hit @samp{C-c C-c}, to send the message,
+if you want to finish it later hit @samp{C-c
+C-d} to save it in the drafts group, where you
+can start editing it again by saying @samp{D
+e}.
+
+@node [5.2]
+@subsubheading Question 5.2
+
+How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say

 @example
 (add-hook 'message-mode-hook
-      (lambda ()
-           (setq fill-column 72)
-           (turn-on-auto-fill)))
+	  (lambda ()
+	    (setq fill-column 72)
+	    (turn-on-auto-fill)))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- in ~/.gnus. You can reformat a paragraph by hitting
- @samp{M-q} (as usual)
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.3], [5.4], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.3:
-
- How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- There are other ways, but you should use posting styles
- for this. (See below why).
- This example should make the syntax clear:
-
+
+in ~/.gnus.el. You can reformat a paragraph by hitting
+@samp{M-q} (as usual)
+
+@node [5.3]
+@subsubheading Question 5.3
+
+How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There are other ways, but you should use posting styles
+for this. (See below why).
+This example should make the syntax clear:

 @example
 (setq gnus-posting-styles
@@ -1474,146 +1320,121 @@
      ("X-SampleHeader" "foobar")
      (eval (setq some-variable "Foo bar")))))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- The ".*" means that this settings are the default ones
- (see below), valid values for the first element of the
- following lists are signature, signature-file,
- organization, address, name or body. The attribute name
- can also be a string. In that case, this will be used as
- a header name, and the value will be inserted in the
- headers of the article; if the value is `nil', the header
- name will be removed. You can also say (eval (foo bar)),
- then the function foo will be evaluated with argument bar
- and the result will be thrown away.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.4], [5.5], [5.3], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.4:
-
- Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the group I post too?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- That's the strength of posting styles. Before, we used ".*"
- to set the default for all groups. You can use a regexp
- like "^gmane" and the following settings are only applied
- to postings you send to the gmane hierarchy, use
- ".*binaries" instead and they will be applied to postings
- send to groups containing the string binaries in their
- name etc.
-
-
- You can instead of specifying a regexp specify a function
- which is evaluated, only if it returns true, the
- corresponding settings take effect. Two interesting
- candidates for this are message-news-p which returns t if
- the current Group is a newsgroup and the corresponding
- message-mail-p.
-
-
- Note that all forms that match are applied, that means in
- the example below, when I post to
- gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general, the settings under
- ".*" are applied and the settings under message-news-p and
- those under "^gmane" and those under
- "^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$". Because
- of this put general settings at the top and specific ones
- at the bottom.
-
+
+The ".*" means that this settings are the default ones
+(see below), valid values for the first element of the
+following lists are signature, signature-file,
+organization, address, name or body.  The attribute name
+can also be a string.  In that case, this will be used as
+a header name, and the value will be inserted in the
+headers of the article; if the value is `nil', the header
+name will be removed. You can also say (eval (foo bar)),
+then the function foo will be evaluated with argument bar
+and the result will be thrown away.
+
+@node [5.4]
+@subsubheading Question 5.4
+
+Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the group I post too?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+That's the strength of posting styles. Before, we used ".*"
+to set the default for all groups. You can use a regexp
+like "^gmane" and the following settings are only applied
+to postings you send to the gmane hierarchy, use
+".*binaries" instead and they will be applied to postings
+send to groups containing the string binaries in their
+name etc.
+
+You can instead of specifying a regexp specify a function
+which is evaluated, only if it returns true, the
+corresponding settings take effect. Two interesting
+candidates for this are message-news-p which returns t if
+the current Group is a newsgroup and the corresponding
+message-mail-p.
+
+Note that all forms that match are applied, that means in
+the example below, when I post to
+gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general, the settings under
+".*" are applied and the settings under message-news-p and
+those under "^gmane" and those under
+"^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$". Because
+of this put general settings at the top and specific ones
+at the bottom.

 @example
 (setq gnus-posting-styles
   '((".*"  ;;default
      (name "Frank Schmitt")
      (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi")
-     (signature-file "~/.signature"))
+     (signature-file "~/.signature")    )
     ((message-news-p)  ;;Usenet news?
      (address "mySpamTrap@@Frank-Schmitt.bla")
-     ("Reply-To" "hereRealRepliesOnlyPlease@@Frank-Schmitt.bla"))
+     ("Reply-To" "hereRealRepliesOnlyPlease@@Frank-Schmitt.bla")    )
     ((message-mail-p)  ;;mail?
-     (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.bla"))
+     (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.bla")    )
     ("^gmane" ;;this is mail, too in fact
      (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.net")
-     ("Reply-To" nil))
+     ("Reply-To" nil)    )
     ("^gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general$"
      (eval (setq mail-envelope-from "Azzrael@@rz-online.de"))
-     (address "Azzrael@@rz-online.de"))))
+     (address "Azzrael@@rz-online.de")) ))
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.5], [5.6], [5.4], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.5:
-
- Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking?
-
-
-Answer:
-
-You can use ispell.el to spell-check stuff in Emacs. So the first
-thing to do is to make sure that you've got either
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-@uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html,ispell}
-or
-@item
-@uref{http://aspell.sourceforge.net/,aspell}
-@end itemize
 @noindent
-installed and in your Path.
-
-Then you need
-@uref{http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/ispell-page.html,ispell.el,ispell.el}
-and for on-the-fly spell-checking
-@uref{http://www-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/personnel/Manuel.Serrano/flyspell/flyspell.html,flyspell.el,flyspell.el}.
-Ispell.el is shipped with Gnus Emacs and available through the Emacs
-package system, flyspell.el is shipped with Emacs and part of XEmacs
-text-modes package which is available through the package system, so
-there should be no need to install them manually.
-
-
- Ispell.el assumes you use ispell, if you choose aspell say
-
+
+@node [5.5]
+@subsubheading Question 5.5
+
+Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can use ispell.el to spell-check stuff in Emacs. So the
+first thing to do is to make sure that you've got either
+@uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html, ispell}
+or @uref{http://aspell.sourceforge.net/, aspell}
+installed and in your Path. Then you need
+@uref{http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/ispell-page.html, ispell.el}
+and for on-the-fly spell-checking
+@uref{http://www-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/personnel/Manuel.Serrano/flyspell/flyspell.html, flyspell.el}.
+Ispell.el is shipped with Emacs and available through the XEmacs package system,
+flyspell.el is shipped with Emacs and part of XEmacs text-modes package which is
+available through the package system, so there should be no need to install them
+manually.
+
+Ispell.el assumes you use ispell, if you choose aspell say

 @example
 (setq ispell-program-name "aspell")
 @end example
+@noindent

-
-@noindent
- in your Emacs configuration file.
-
-
- If you want your outgoing messages to be spell-checked, say
-
+in your Emacs configuration file.
+
+If you want your outgoing messages to be spell-checked, say

 @example
 (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message)
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- In your ~/.gnus, if you prefer on-the-fly spell-checking say
-
+
+In your ~/.gnus.el, if you prefer on-the-fly spell-checking say

 @example
 (add-hook 'message-mode-hook (lambda () (flyspell-mode 1)))
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.6], [5.7], [5.5], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.6:
-
- Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Yes, say something like
-
+@noindent
+
+@node [5.6]
+@subsubheading Question 5.6
+
+Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Yes, say something like

 @example
 (add-hook 'gnus-select-group-hook
@@ -1625,55 +1446,47 @@
              (t
               (ispell-change-dictionary "english")))))
 @end example
-
-
 @noindent
- in ~/.gnus. Change "^de\\." and "deutsch8" to something
- that suits your needs.

-@ifnottex
-@node [5.7], [5.8], [5.6], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.7:
-
- Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember
- all those email addresses?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- There's an very basic solution for this, mail aliases.
- You can store your mail addresses in a ~/.mailrc file using a simple
- alias syntax:
-
+in ~/.gnus.el. Change "^de\\." and "deutsch8" to something
+that suits your needs.
+
+@node [5.7]
+@subsubheading Question 5.7
+
+Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember
+all those email addresses?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There's an very basic solution for this, mail aliases.
+You can store your mail addresses in a ~/.mailrc file using a simple
+alias syntax:

 @example
 alias al	"Al <al@@english-heritage.bla>"
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- Then typing your alias (followed by a space or punctuation
- character) on a To: or Cc: line in the message buffer will
- cause Gnus to insert the full address for you. See the
- node "Mail Aliases" in Message (not Gnus) manual for
- details.
-
-
- However, what you really want is the Insidious Big Brother
- Database bbdb. Get it through the XEmacs package system or from
- @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/,bbdb's homepage}.
- Now place the following in ~/.gnus, to activate bbdb for Gnus:
-
+
+Then typing your alias (followed by a space or punctuation
+character) on a To: or Cc: line in the message buffer will
+cause Gnus to insert the full address for you. See the
+node "Mail Aliases" in Message (not Gnus) manual for
+details.
+
+However, what you really want is the Insidious Big Brother
+Database bbdb. Get it through the XEmacs package system or from
+@uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/, bbdb's homepage}.
+Now place the following in ~/.gnus.el, to activate bbdb for Gnus:

 @example
 (require 'bbdb)
 (bbdb-initialize 'gnus 'message)
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- Now you probably want some general bbdb configuration,
- place them in ~/.emacs:
-
+
+Now you probably want some general bbdb configuration,
+place them in ~/.emacs:

 @example
 (require 'bbdb)
@@ -1689,56 +1502,50 @@
 ;;No popup-buffers
 (setq bbdb-use-pop-up nil)
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- Now you should be ready to go. Say @samp{M-x bbdb RET
- RET} to open a bbdb buffer showing all
- entries. Say @samp{c} to create a new
- entry, @samp{b} to search your BBDB and
- @samp{C-o} to add a new field to an
- entry. If you want to add a sender to the BBDB you can
- also just hit `:' on the posting in the summary buffer and
- you are done. When you now compose a new mail,
- hit @samp{TAB} to cycle through know
- recipients.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.8], [5.9], [5.7], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.8:
-
- Sometimes I see little images at the top of article
- buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my
- postings, too?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Those images are called X-Faces. They are 48*48 pixel b/w
- pictures, encoded in a header line. If you want to include
- one in your posts, you've got to convert some image to a
- X-Face. So fire up some image manipulation program (say
- Gimp), open the image you want to include, cut out the
- relevant part, reduce color depth to 1 bit, resize to
- 48*48 and save as bitmap. Now you should get the compface
- package from
- @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu:/pub/faces/,this site}.
- and create the actual X-face by saying
-
+
+Now you should be ready to go. Say @samp{M-x bbdb RET
+RET} to open a bbdb buffer showing all
+entries. Say @samp{c} to create a new
+entry, @samp{b} to search your BBDB and
+@samp{C-o} to add a new field to an
+entry. If you want to add a sender to the BBDB you can
+also just hit `:' on the posting in the summary buffer and
+you are done. When you now compose a new mail,
+hit @samp{TAB} to cycle through know
+recipients.
+
+@node [5.8]
+@subsubheading Question 5.8
+
+Sometimes I see little images at the top of article
+buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my
+postings, too?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Those images are called X-Faces. They are 48*48 pixel b/w
+pictures, encoded in a header line. If you want to include
+one in your posts, you've got to convert some image to a
+X-Face. So fire up some image manipulation program (say
+Gimp), open the image you want to include, cut out the
+relevant part, reduce color depth to 1 bit, resize to
+48*48 and save as bitmap. Now you should get the compface
+package from
+@uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu:/pub/faces/, this site}.
+and create the actual X-face by saying

 @example
-cat file.xbm | xbm2ikon |compface > file.face
-cat ./file.face | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g' | sed 's/\"/\\\"/g' > ./file.face.quoted
+cat file.xbm | xbm2ikon | compface > file.face
+cat file.face | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g;s/\"/\\\"/g;' > file.face.quoted
 @end example
-
 @noindent
-If you can't use compface, there's an online X-face converter at@*
-@uref{http://www.dairiki.org/xface/}.  If you use MS Windows, you
-could also use the WinFace program from
+
+If you can't use compface, there's an online X-face converter at
+@uref{http://www.dairiki.org/xface/}.
+If you use MS Windows, you could also use the WinFace program from
 @uref{http://www.xs4all.nl/~walterln/winface/}.
-
-Now you only have to tell Gnus to include the X-face in your postings
-by saying
+Now you only have to tell Gnus to include the X-face in your postings by saying

 @example
 (setq message-default-headers
@@ -1747,33 +1554,28 @@
           (insert-file-contents "~/.xemacs/xface")
           (buffer-string)))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- in ~/.gnus.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.9], [5.10], [5.8], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.9:
-
- Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in
- newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in
- newsgroups?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Put this in ~/.gnus:
-
+
+in ~/.gnus.el.
+
+@node [5.9]
+@subsubheading Question 5.9
+
+Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in
+newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in
+newsgroups?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Put this in ~/.gnus.el:

 @example
 (setq gnus-confirm-mail-reply-to-news t)
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- if you already use Gnus 5.10, if you still use 5.8.8 or
- 5.9 try this instead:
-
+
+if you already use Gnus 5.10, if you still use 5.8.8 or
+5.9 try this instead:

 @example
 (eval-after-load "gnus-msg"
@@ -1785,44 +1587,37 @@
                  (y-or-n-p "Really reply by mail to article author? "))
          ad-do-it))))
 @end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.10], [5.11], [5.9], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.10:
-
- How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Since 5.10 Gnus doesn't generate a sender header by
- default. For older Gnus' try this in ~/.gnus:
-
+@noindent
+
+@node [5.10]
+@subsubheading Question 5.10
+
+How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Since 5.10 Gnus doesn't generate a sender header by
+default. For older Gnus' try this in ~/.gnus.el:

 @example
 (eval-after-load "message"
       '(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled)))
 @end example
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.11], [5.12], [5.10], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.11:
-
- I want gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and
- news, how to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You must set the variable gnus-message-archive-group to do
- this. You can set it to a string giving the name of the
- group where the copies shall go or like in the example
- below use a function which is evaluated and which returns
- the group to use.
-
+@noindent
+
+@node [5.11]
+@subsubheading Question 5.11
+
+I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and
+news, how to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You must set the variable gnus-message-archive-group to do
+this. You can set it to a string giving the name of the
+group where the copies shall go or like in the example
+below use a function which is evaluated and which returns
+the group to use.

 @example
 (setq gnus-message-archive-group
@@ -1830,31 +1625,31 @@
 	      "nnml:Send-News"
 	    "nnml:Send-Mail")))
 @end example
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.12],  , [5.11], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.12:
-
- People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why
- aren't they and how to fix it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The message-ID is an unique identifier for messages you
- send. To make it unique, Gnus need to know which machine
- name to put after the "@@". If the name of the machine
- where Gnus is running isn't suitable (it probably isn't
- at most private machines) you can tell Gnus what to use
- by saying
+@noindent
+
+@node [5.12]
+@subsubheading Question 5.12
+
+People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why
+aren't they and how to fix it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The message-ID is an unique identifier for messages you
+send. To make it unique, Gnus need to know which machine
+name to put after the "@@". If the name of the machine
+where Gnus is running isn't suitable (it probably isn't
+at most private machines) you can tell Gnus what to use
+by saying:
+
 @example
 (setq message-user-fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld")
 @end example
 @noindent
- in ~/.gnus.  If you use Gnus 5.9 or ealier, you can use this
-instead (works for newer versions a well):
+
+in ~/.gnus.el.  If you use Gnus 5.9 or ealier, you can use this
+instead (works for newer versions a well):
+
 @example
 (eval-after-load "message"
   '(let ((fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld"));; <-- Edit this!
@@ -1865,110 +1660,97 @@
          "Return user's fully qualified domain name."
          fqdn))))
 @end example
-
- If you have no idea what to insert for
- "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld", you've got several
- choices. You can either ask your provider if he allows
- you to use something like
- yourUserName.userfqdn.provider.net, or you can use
- somethingUnique.yourdomain.tld if you own the domain
- yourdomain.tld, or you can register at a service which
- gives private users a FQDN for free, e.g.
- @uref{http://www.stura.tu-freiberg.de/~dlx/addfqdn.html}.
- (Sorry but this website is in German, if you know of an
- English one offering the same, drop me a note).
-
-
- Finally you can tell Gnus not to generate a Message-ID
- for News at all (and letting the server do the job) by saying
-
+@noindent
+
+If you have no idea what to insert for
+"yourmachine.yourdomain.tld", you've got several
+choices. You can either ask your provider if he allows
+you to use something like
+yourUserName.userfqdn.provider.net, or you can use
+somethingUnique.yourdomain.tld if you own the domain
+yourdomain.tld, or you can register at a service which
+gives private users a FQDN for free, e.g.
+@uref{http://www.stura.tu-freiberg.de/~dlx/addfqdn.html}.
+(Sorry but this website is in German, if you know of an
+English one offering the same, drop me a note).
+
+Finally you can tell Gnus not to generate a Message-ID
+for News at all (and letting the server do the job) by saying

 @example
 (setq message-required-news-headers
   (remove' Message-ID message-required-news-headers))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- you can also tell Gnus not to generate Message-IDs for mail by saying
-
+
+you can also tell Gnus not to generate Message-IDs for mail by saying

 @example
 (setq message-required-mail-headers
   (remove' Message-ID message-required-mail-headers))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- , however some mail servers don't generate proper
- Message-IDs, too, so test if your Mail Server behaves
- correctly by sending yourself a Mail and looking at the Message-ID.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+
+, however some mail servers don't generate proper
+Message-IDs, too, so test if your Mail Server behaves
+correctly by sending yourself a Mail and looking at the Message-ID.
+
+@node FAQ 6 - Old messages
 @subsection Old messages

 @menu
-* [6.1]::   How to import my old mail into Gnus?
-* [6.2]::   How to archive interesting messages?
-* [6.3]::   How to search for a specific message?
-* [6.4]::   How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
-* [6.5]::   I want that all read messages are expired (at least in some
-            groups). How to do it?
-* [6.6]::   I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them
-            to another group.
+* [6.1]::    How to import my old mail into Gnus?
+* [6.2]::    How to archive interesting messages?
+* [6.3]::    How to search for a specific message?
+* [6.4]::    How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
+* [6.5]::    I want that all read messages are expired (at least in some
+             groups). How to do it?
+* [6.6]::    I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them
+             to another group.
 @end menu

-@ifnottex
-@node [6.1], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.1:
-
- How to import my old mail into Gnus?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The easiest way is to tell your old mail program to
- export the messages in mbox format. Most Unix mailers
- are able to do this, if you come from the MS Windows
- world, you may find tools at
- @uref{http://mbx2mbox.sourceforge.net/}.
-
-
- Now you've got to import this mbox file into Gnus. To do
- this, create a nndoc group based on the mbox file by
- saying @samp{G f /path/file.mbox RET} in
- Group buffer. You now have read-only access to your
- mail. If you want to import the messages to your normal
- Gnus mail groups hierarchy, enter the nndoc group you've
- just created by saying @samp{C-u RET}
- (thus making sure all messages are retrieved), mark all
- messages by saying @samp{M P b} and
- either copy them to the desired group by saying
- @samp{B c name.of.group RET} or send them
- through nnmail-split-methods (respool them) by saying
- @samp{B r}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.2], [6.3], [6.1], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.2:
-
- How to archive interesting messages?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- If you stumble across an interesting message, say in
- gnu.emacs.gnus and want to archive it there are several
- solutions. The first and easiest is to save it to a file
- by saying @samp{O f}. However, wouldn't
- it be much more convenient to have more direct access to
- the archived message from Gnus? If you say yes, put this
- snippet by Frank Haun <pille3003@@fhaun.de> in
- ~/.gnus:
-
+@node [6.1]
+@subsubheading Question 6.1
+
+How to import my old mail into Gnus?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The easiest way is to tell your old mail program to
+export the messages in mbox format. Most Unix mailers
+are able to do this, if you come from the MS Windows
+world, you may find tools at
+@uref{http://mbx2mbox.sourceforge.net/}.
+
+Now you've got to import this mbox file into Gnus. To do
+this, create a nndoc group based on the mbox file by
+saying @samp{G f /path/file.mbox RET} in
+Group buffer. You now have read-only access to your
+mail. If you want to import the messages to your normal
+Gnus mail groups hierarchy, enter the nndoc group you've
+just created by saying @samp{C-u RET}
+(thus making sure all messages are retrieved), mark all
+messages by saying @samp{M P b} and
+either copy them to the desired group by saying
+@samp{B c name.of.group RET} or send them
+through nnmail-split-methods (respool them) by saying
+@samp{B r}.
+
+@node [6.2]
+@subsubheading Question 6.2
+
+How to archive interesting messages?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+If you stumble across an interesting message, say in
+gnu.emacs.gnus and want to archive it there are several
+solutions. The first and easiest is to save it to a file
+by saying @samp{O f}. However, wouldn't
+it be much more convenient to have more direct access to
+the archived message from Gnus? If you say yes, put this
+snippet by Frank Haun <pille3003@@fhaun.de> in
+~/.gnus.el:

 @example
 (defun my-archive-article (&optional n)
@@ -1987,624 +1769,531 @@
             (replace-regexp-in-string "^.*:" "" gnus-newsgroup-name)))))
     (gnus-summary-copy-article n archive-name)))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- You can now say @samp{M-x
- my-archive-article} in summary buffer to
- archive the article under the cursor in a nnml
- group. (Change nnml to your preferred back end)
-
-
- Of course you can also make sure the cache is enabled by saying
-
+
+You can now say @samp{M-x
+my-archive-article} in summary buffer to
+archive the article under the cursor in a nnml
+group. (Change nnml to your preferred back end)
+
+Of course you can also make sure the cache is enabled by saying

 @example
 (setq gnus-use-cache t)
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- then you only have to set either the tick or the dormant
- mark for articles you want to keep, setting the read
- mark will remove them from cache.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.3], [6.4], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.3:
-
- How to search for a specific message?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- There are several ways for this, too. For a posting from
- a Usenet group the easiest solution is probably to ask
- @uref{http://groups.google.com,groups.google.com},
- if you found the posting there, tell Google to display
- the raw message, look for the message-id, and say
- @samp{M-^ the@@message.id RET} in a
- summary buffer.
- Since Gnus 5.10 there's also a Gnus interface for
- groups.google.com which you can call with
- @samp{G W}) in group buffer.
-
-
- Another idea which works for both mail and news groups
- is to enter the group where the message you are
- searching is and use the standard Emacs search
- @samp{C-s}, it's smart enough to look at
- articles in collapsed threads, too. If you want to
- search bodies, too try @samp{M-s}
- instead. Further on there are the
- gnus-summary-limit-to-foo functions, which can help you,
- too.
-
-
- Of course you can also use grep to search through your
- local mail, but this is both slow for big archives and
- inconvenient since you are not displaying the found mail
- in Gnus. Here comes nnir into action. Nnir is a front end
- to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and
- others. You index your mail with one of those search
- engines and with the help of nnir you can search trough
- the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all
- messages which met your search criteria. If this sound
- cool to you get nnir.el from the contrib directory of the Gnus
- distribution or
- @uref{http://quimby.gnus.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/~checkout~/gnus/contrib/nnir.el?rev=HEAD&content-type=text/plain}
- Instructions on how to use it are at the top of the file.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.4], [6.5], [6.3], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.4:
-
- How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You can of course just mark the mail you don't need
- anymore by saying @samp{#} with point
- over the mail and then say @samp{B DEL}
- to get rid of them forever. You could also instead of
- actually deleting them, send them to a junk-group by
- saying @samp{B m nnml:trash-bin} which
- you clear from time to time, but both are not the intended
- way in Gnus.
-
-
- In Gnus, we let mail expire like news expires on a news
- server. That means you tell Gnus the message is
- expirable (you tell Gnus "I don't need this mail
- anymore") by saying @samp{E} with point
- over the mail in summary buffer. Now when you leave the
- group, Gnus looks at all messages which you marked as
- expirable before and if they are old enough (default is
- older than a week) they are deleted.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.5], [6.6], [6.4], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.5:
-
- I want that all read messages are expired (at least in
- some groups). How to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g. in
- mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've
- got two choices: auto-expire and
- total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article
- which has no marks set and is selected for reading is
- marked as expirable, Gnus hits @samp{E}
- for you every time you read a message. Total-expire
- follows a slightly different approach, here all article
- where the read mark is set are expirable.
-
-
- To activate auto-expire, include auto-expire in the
- Group parameters for the group. (Hit @samp{G
- c} in summary buffer with point over the
- group to change group parameters). For total-expire add
- total-expire to the group-parameters.
-
-
- Which method you choose is merely a matter of taste:
- Auto-expire is faster, but it doesn't play together with
- Adaptive Scoring, so if you want to use this feature,
- you should use total-expire.
-
-
- If you want a message to be excluded from expiration in
- a group where total or auto expire is active, set either
- tick (hit @samp{u}) or dormant mark (hit
- @samp{u}), when you use auto-expire, you
- can also set the read mark (hit
- @samp{d}).
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.6],  , [6.5], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.6:
-
- I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them
- to another group.
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Say something like this in ~/.gnus:
-
+
+then you only have to set either the tick or the dormant
+mark for articles you want to keep, setting the read
+mark will remove them from cache.
+
+@node [6.3]
+@subsubheading Question 6.3
+
+How to search for a specific message?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There are several ways for this, too. For a posting from
+a Usenet group the easiest solution is probably to ask
+@uref{http://groups.google.com, groups.google.com},
+if you found the posting there, tell Google to display
+the raw message, look for the message-id, and say
+@samp{M-^ the@@message.id RET} in a
+summary buffer.
+Since Gnus 5.10 there's also a Gnus interface for
+groups.google.com which you can call with
+@samp{G W}) in group buffer.
+
+Another idea which works for both mail and news groups
+is to enter the group where the message you are
+searching is and use the standard Emacs search
+@samp{C-s}, it's smart enough to look at
+articles in collapsed threads, too. If you want to
+search bodies, too try @samp{M-s}
+instead. Further on there are the
+gnus-summary-limit-to-foo functions, which can help you,
+too.
+
+Of course you can also use grep to search through your
+local mail, but this is both slow for big archives and
+inconvenient since you are not displaying the found mail
+in Gnus. Here comes nnir into action. Nnir is a front end
+to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and
+others. You index your mail with one of those search
+engines and with the help of nnir you can search trough
+the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all
+messages which met your search criteria. If this sound
+cool to you get nnir.el from
+@uref{ftp://ls6-ftp.cs.uni-dortmund.de/pub/src/emacs/}
+or @uref{ftp://ftp.is.informatik.uni-duisburg.de/pub/src/emacs/}.
+Instructions on how to use it are at the top of the file.
+
+@node [6.4]
+@subsubheading Question 6.4
+
+How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can of course just mark the mail you don't need
+anymore by saying @samp{#} with point
+over the mail and then say @samp{B DEL}
+to get rid of them forever. You could also instead of
+actually deleting them, send them to a junk-group by
+saying @samp{B m nnml:trash-bin} which
+you clear from time to time, but both are not the intended
+way in Gnus.
+
+In Gnus, we let mail expire like news expires on a news
+server. That means you tell Gnus the message is
+expirable (you tell Gnus "I don't need this mail
+anymore") by saying @samp{E} with point
+over the mail in summary buffer. Now when you leave the
+group, Gnus looks at all messages which you marked as
+expirable before and if they are old enough (default is
+older than a week) they are deleted.
+
+@node [6.5]
+@subsubheading Question 6.5
+
+I want that all read messages are expired (at least in
+some groups). How to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g. in
+mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've
+got two choices: auto-expire and
+total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article
+which has no marks set and is selected for reading is
+marked as expirable, Gnus hits @samp{E}
+for you every time you read a message. Total-expire
+follows a slightly different approach, here all article
+where the read mark is set are expirable.
+
+To activate auto-expire, include auto-expire in the
+Group parameters for the group. (Hit @samp{G
+c} in summary buffer with point over the
+group to change group parameters). For total-expire add
+total-expire to the group-parameters.
+
+Which method you choose is merely a matter of taste:
+Auto-expire is faster, but it doesn't play together with
+Adaptive Scoring, so if you want to use this feature,
+you should use total-expire.
+
+If you want a message to be excluded from expiration in
+a group where total or auto expire is active, set either
+tick (hit @samp{u}) or dormant mark (hit
+@samp{u}), when you use auto-expire, you
+can also set the read mark (hit
+@samp{d}).
+
+@node [6.6]
+@subsubheading Question 6.6
+
+I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them
+to another group.
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say something like this in ~/.gnus.el:

 @example
 (setq nnmail-expiry-target "nnml:expired")
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- (If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target
- on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable
- threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set other
- variables specific for some groups?")
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 6 - Old messages, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+
+(If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target
+on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable
+threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set other
+variables specific for some groups?")
+
+@node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
 @subsection Gnus in a dial-up environment

 @menu
-* [7.1]::   I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can I
-            minimize the time I've got to be connected?
-* [7.2]::   So what was this thing about the Agent?
-* [7.3]::   I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it?
-* [7.4]::   How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings while
-            I'm offline?
+* [7.1]::    I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can I
+             minimize the time I've got to be connected?
+* [7.2]::    So what was this thing about the Agent?
+* [7.3]::    I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it?
+* [7.4]::    How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings while
+             I'm offline?
 @end menu

-
-@ifnottex
-@node [7.1], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 7.1:
-
- I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can
- I minimize the time I've got to be connected?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You've got basically two options: Either you use the
- Gnus Agent (see below) for this, or you can install
- programs which fetch your news and mail to your local
- disk and Gnus reads the stuff from your local
- machine.
-
-
- If you want to follow the second approach, you need a
- program which fetches news and offers them to Gnus, a
- program which does the same for mail and a program which
- receives the mail you write from Gnus and sends them
- when you're online.
-
-
-Let's talk about Unix systems first: For the news part, the easiest
-solution is a small nntp server like
-@uref{http://www.leafnode.org/,Leafnode} or
-@uref{http://infa.abo.fi/~patrik/sn/,sn}, of course you can also
-install a full featured news server like
-@uref{http://www.isc.org/products/INN/,inn}.
-
-Then you want to fetch your Mail, popular choices are
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-@uref{http://www.catb.org/~esr/fetchmail/,fetchmail} and
-@item
-@uref{http://www.qcc.ca/~charlesc/software/getmail-3.0/,getmail}.
-@end itemize
-You should tell those to write the mail to your disk and Gnus to read
-it from there. Last but not least the mail sending part: This can be
-done with every MTA like @uref{http://www.sendmail.org/,sendmail},
-@uref{http://www.qmail.org/,postfix}, @uref{http://www.exim.org/,exim}
-or @uref{http://www.qmail.org/,qmail}.
-
-
- On windows boxes I'd vote for
- @uref{http://www.tglsoft.de/,Hamster},
- it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches
- your mail and news from remote servers and offers them
- to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp
- respectively POP3 or IMAP. It also includes a smtp
- server for receiving mails from Gnus.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [7.2], [7.3], [7.1], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 7.2:
-
- So what was this thing about the Agent?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch
- mail and news and store them on disk for reading them
- later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline
- newsreaders like e.g. Forte Agent. If you want to use
- the Agent place the following in ~/.gnus if you are
- still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10):
-
+@node [7.1]
+@subsubheading Question 7.1
+
+I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can
+I minimize the time I've got to be connected?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You've got basically two options: Either you use the
+Gnus Agent (see below) for this, or you can install
+programs which fetch your news and mail to your local
+disk and Gnus reads the stuff from your local
+machine.
+
+If you want to follow the second approach, you need a
+program which fetches news and offers them to Gnus, a
+program which does the same for mail and a program which
+receives the mail you write from Gnus and sends them
+when you're online.
+
+Let's talk about Unix systems first: For the news part,
+the easiest solution is a small nntp server like
+@uref{http://www.leafnode.org/, Leafnode} or
+@uref{http://infa.abo.fi/~patrik/sn/, sn},
+of course you can also install a full featured news
+server like
+@uref{http://www.isc.org/products/INN/, inn}.
+Then you want to fetch your Mail, popular choices
+are @uref{http://www.catb.org/~esr/fetchmail/, fetchmail}
+and @uref{http://www.qcc.ca/~charlesc/software/getmail-3.0/, getmail}.
+You should tell those to write the mail to your disk and
+Gnus to read it from there. Last but not least the mail
+sending part: This can be done with every MTA like
+@uref{http://www.sendmail.org/, sendmail},
+@uref{http://www.qmail.org/, postfix},
+@uref{http://www.exim.org/, exim} or
+@uref{http://www.qmail.org/, qmail}.
+
+On windows boxes I'd vote for
+@uref{http://www.tglsoft.de/, Hamster},
+it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches
+your mail and news from remote servers and offers them
+to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp
+respectively POP3 or IMAP. It also includes a smtp
+server for receiving mails from Gnus.
+
+@node [7.2]
+@subsubheading Question 7.2
+
+So what was this thing about the Agent?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch
+mail and news and store them on disk for reading them
+later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline
+newsreaders like e.g. Forte Agent. If you want to use
+the Agent place the following in ~/.gnus.el if you are
+still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10):

 @example
 (setq gnus-agent t)
 @end example
-
-
- Now you've got to select the servers whose groups can be
- stored locally. To do this, open the server buffer
- (that is press @samp{^} while in the
- group buffer). Now select a server by moving point to
- the line naming that server. Finally, agentize the
- server by typing @samp{J a}. If you
- make a mistake, or change your mind, you can undo this
- action by typing @samp{J r}. When
- you're done, type 'q' to return to the group buffer.
- Now the next time you enter a group on a agentized
- server, the headers will be stored on disk and read from
- there the next time you enter the group.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [7.3], [7.4], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 7.3:
-
- I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You can tell the agent to automatically fetch the bodies
- of articles which fulfill certain predicates, this is
- done in a special buffer which can be reached by
- saying @samp{J c} in group
- buffer. Please refer to the documentation for
- information which predicates are possible and how
- exactly to do it.
-
-
- Further on you can tell the agent manually which
- articles to store on disk. There are two ways to do
- this: Number one: In the summary buffer, process mark a
- set of articles that shall be stored in the agent by
- saying @samp{#} with point over the
- article and then type @samp{J s}. The
- other possibility is to set, again in the summary
- buffer, downloadable (%) marks for the articles you
- want by typing @samp{@@} with point over
- the article and then typing @samp{J u}.
- What's the difference? Well, process marks are erased as
- soon as you exit the summary buffer while downloadable
- marks are permanent. You can actually set downloadable
- marks in several groups then use fetch session ('J s' in
- the GROUP buffer) to fetch all of those articles. The
- only downside is that fetch session also fetches all of
- the headers for every selected group on an agentized
- server. Depending on the volume of headers, the initial
- fetch session could take hours.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [7.4],  , [7.3], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 7.4:
-
- How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings
- while I'm offline?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- All you've got to do is to tell Gnus when you are online
- (plugged) and when you are offline (unplugged), the rest
- works automatically. You can toggle plugged/unplugged
- state by saying @samp{J j} in group
- buffer. To start Gnus unplugged say @samp{M-x
- gnus-unplugged} instead of
- @samp{M-x gnus}. Note that for this to
- work, the agent must be active.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+@noindent
+
+Now you've got to select the servers whose groups can be
+stored locally.  To do this, open the server buffer
+(that is press @samp{^} while in the
+group buffer).  Now select a server by moving point to
+the line naming that server.  Finally, agentize the
+server by typing @samp{J a}.  If you
+make a mistake, or change your mind, you can undo this
+action by typing @samp{J r}.  When
+you're done, type 'q' to return to the group buffer.
+Now the next time you enter a group on a agentized
+server, the headers will be stored on disk and read from
+there the next time you enter the group.
+
+@node [7.3]
+@subsubheading Question 7.3
+
+I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can tell the agent to automatically fetch the bodies
+of articles which fulfill certain predicates, this is
+done in a special buffer which can be reached by
+saying @samp{J c} in group
+buffer. Please refer to the documentation for
+information which predicates are possible and how
+exactly to do it.
+
+Further on you can tell the agent manually which
+articles to store on disk. There are two ways to do
+this: Number one: In the summary buffer, process mark a
+set of articles that shall be stored in the agent by
+saying @samp{#} with point over the
+article and then type @samp{J s}. The
+other possibility is to set, again in the summary
+buffer, downloadable (%) marks for the articles you
+want by typing @samp{@@} with point over
+the article and then typing @samp{J u}.
+What's the difference? Well, process marks are erased as
+soon as you exit the summary buffer while downloadable
+marks are permanent.  You can actually set downloadable
+marks in several groups then use fetch session ('J s' in
+the GROUP buffer) to fetch all of those articles.  The
+only downside is that fetch session also fetches all of
+the headers for every selected group on an agentized
+server.  Depending on the volume of headers, the initial
+fetch session could take hours.
+
+@node [7.4]
+@subsubheading Question 7.4
+
+How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings
+while I'm offline?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+All you've got to do is to tell Gnus when you are online
+(plugged) and when you are offline (unplugged), the rest
+works automatically. You can toggle plugged/unplugged
+state by saying @samp{J j} in group
+buffer. To start Gnus unplugged say @samp{M-x
+gnus-unplugged} instead of
+@samp{M-x gnus}. Note that for this to
+work, the agent must be active.
+
+@node FAQ 8 - Getting help
 @subsection Getting help

 @menu
-* [8.1]::   How to find information and help inside Emacs?
-* [8.2]::   I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X
-            (e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
-* [8.3]::   Which websites should I know?
-* [8.4]::   Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
-* [8.5]::   Where to report bugs?
-* [8.6]::   I need real-time help, where to find it?
+* [8.1]::    How to find information and help inside Emacs?
+* [8.2]::    I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X (e.g.
+             attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
+* [8.3]::    Which websites should I know?
+* [8.4]::    Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
+* [8.5]::    Where to report bugs?
+* [8.6]::    I need real-time help, where to find it?
 @end menu

-@ifnottex
-@node [8.1], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.1:
-
- How to find information and help inside Emacs?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The first stop should be the Gnus manual (Say
- @samp{C-h i d m Gnus RET} to start the
- Gnus manual, then walk through the menus or do a
- full-text search with @samp{s}). Then
- there are the general Emacs help commands starting with
- C-h, type @samp{C-h ? ?} to get a list
- of all available help commands and their meaning. Finally
- @samp{M-x apropos-command} lets you
- search through all available functions and @samp{M-x
- apropos} searches the bound variables.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.2], [8.3], [8.1], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.2:
-
- I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X
- (e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals
- for message, emacs-mime, sieve and pgg. Those packages
- are distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't
- really part of core Gnus, so they are documented in
- different info files, you should have a look in those
- manuals, too.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.3], [8.4], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.3:
-
- Which websites should I know?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The two most important ones are the
- @uref{http://www.gnus.org,official Gnus website}.
- and it's sister site
- @uref{http://my.gnus.org,my.gnus.org (MGO)},
- hosting an archive of lisp snippets, howtos, a (not
- really finished) tutorial and this FAQ.
-
-
- Tell me about other sites which are interesting.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.4], [8.5], [8.3], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.4:
-
- Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- There's the newsgroup gnu.emacs.gnus (pull it from
- e.g. news.gnus.org) which deals with general questions
- and the ding mailing list (ding@@gnus.org) dealing with
- development of Gnus. You can read the ding list via
- NNTP, too under the name gnus.ding from news.gnus.org.
-
-
- If you want to stay in the big8,
- news.software.newssreaders is also read by some Gnus
- users (but chances for qualified help are much better in
- the above groups) and if you speak German, there's
- de.comm.software.gnus.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.5], [8.6], [8.4], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.5:
-
- Where to report bugs?
-
-
-Answer:
-
-Say @samp{M-x gnus-bug}, this will start a message to the
-@email{bugs@@gnus.org,gnus bug mailing list} including information
-about your environment which make it easier to help you.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.6],  , [8.5], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.6:
-
- I need real-time help, where to find it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Point your IRC client to irc.my.gnus.org channel
- #mygnus. Don't be afraid if people there speak German,
- they are willing and capable of switching to
- English when people from outside Germany enter.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ - Glossary, FAQ 8 - Getting help, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+@node [8.1]
+@subsubheading Question 8.1
+
+How to find information and help inside Emacs?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The first stop should be the Gnus manual (Say
+@samp{C-h i d m Gnus RET} to start the
+Gnus manual, then walk through the menus or do a
+full-text search with @samp{s}). Then
+there are the general Emacs help commands starting with
+C-h, type @samp{C-h ? ?} to get a list
+of all available help commands and their meaning. Finally
+@samp{M-x apropos-command} lets you
+search through all available functions and @samp{M-x
+apropos} searches the bound variables.
+
+@node [8.2]
+@subsubheading Question 8.2
+
+I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X
+(e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals
+for message, emacs-mime, sieve and pgg. Those packages
+are distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't
+really part of core Gnus, so they are documented in
+different info files, you should have a look in those
+manuals, too.
+
+@node [8.3]
+@subsubheading Question 8.3
+
+Which websites should I know?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The two most important ones are the
+@uref{http://www.gnus.org, official Gnus website}.
+and it's sister site
+@uref{http://my.gnus.org, my.gnus.org (MGO)},
+hosting an archive of lisp snippets, howtos, a (not
+really finished) tutorial and this FAQ.
+
+Tell me about other sites which are interesting.
+
+@node [8.4]
+@subsubheading Question 8.4
+
+Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There's the newsgroup gnu.emacs.gnus (pull it from
+e.g. news.gnus.org) which deals with general questions and the
+ding mailing list (ding@@gnus.org) dealing with development of
+Gnus. You can read the ding list via NNTP, too under the name
+gmane.emacs.gnus.general from news.gmane.org.
+
+If you want to stay in the big8,
+news.software.newssreaders is also read by some Gnus
+users (but chances for qualified help are much better in
+the above groups) and if you speak German, there's
+de.comm.software.gnus.
+
+@node [8.5]
+@subsubheading Question 8.5
+
+Where to report bugs?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say @samp{M-x gnus-bug}, this will start
+a message to the
+@email{bugs@@gnus.org, gnus bug mailing list}
+including information about your environment which make
+it easier to help you.
+
+@node [8.6]
+@subsubheading Question 8.6
+
+I need real-time help, where to find it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Point your IRC client to irc.my.gnus.org channel
+#mygnus. Don't be afraid if people there speak German,
+they are willing and capable of switching to
+English when people from outside Germany enter.
+
+@node FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
 @subsection Tuning Gnus

 @menu
-* [9.1]::   Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
-* [9.2]::   How to speed up the process of entering a group?
-* [9.3]::   Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
+* [9.1]::    Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
+* [9.2]::    How to speed up the process of entering a group?
+* [9.3]::    Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
 @end menu

-@ifnottex
-@node [9.1], [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 9.1:
-
- Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads it's
- active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus
- manual for things you might try to speed the process up.
- An other idea would be to byte compile your ~/.gnus (say
- @samp{M-x byte-compile-file RET ~/.gnus
- RET} to do it). Finally, if you have require
- statements in your .gnus, you could replace them with
- eval-after-load, which loads the stuff not at startup
- time, but when it's needed. Say you've got this in your
- ~/.gnus:
-
+@node [9.1]
+@subsubheading Question 9.1
+
+Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads it's
+active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus
+manual for things you might try to speed the process up.
+An other idea would be to byte compile your ~/.gnus.el (say
+@samp{M-x byte-compile-file RET ~/.gnus.el
+RET} to do it). Finally, if you have require
+statements in your .gnus, you could replace them with
+eval-after-load, which loads the stuff not at startup
+time, but when it's needed. Say you've got this in your
+~/.gnus.el:

 @example
 (require 'message)
 (add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- then as soon as you start Gnus, message.el is loaded. If
- you replace it with
-
+
+then as soon as you start Gnus, message.el is loaded. If
+you replace it with

 @example
 (eval-after-load "message"
       '(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled)))
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- it's loaded when it's needed.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [9.2], [9.3], [9.1], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 9.2:
-
- How to speed up the process of entering a group?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- A speed killer is setting the variable
- gnus-fetch-old-headers to anything different from nil,
- so don't do this if speed is an issue. To speed up
- building of summary say
-
+
+it's loaded when it's needed.
+
+@node [9.2]
+@subsubheading Question 9.2
+
+How to speed up the process of entering a group?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+A speed killer is setting the variable
+gnus-fetch-old-headers to anything different from nil,
+so don't do this if speed is an issue. To speed up
+building of summary say

 @example
 (gnus-compile)
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- at the bottom of your ~/.gnus, this will make gnus
- byte-compile things like
- gnus-summary-line-format.
- then you could increase the value of gc-cons-threshold
- by saying something like
-
+
+at the bottom of your ~/.gnus.el, this will make gnus
+byte-compile things like
+gnus-summary-line-format.
+then you could increase the value of gc-cons-threshold
+by saying something like

 @example
 (setq gc-cons-threshold 3500000)
 @end example
-
 @noindent
- in ~/.emacs. If you don't care about width of CJK
- characters or use Gnus 5.10 or younger together with a
- recent GNU Emacs, you should say
-
+
+in ~/.emacs. If you don't care about width of CJK
+characters or use Gnus 5.10 or younger together with a
+recent GNU Emacs, you should say

 @example
-(setq gnus-use-correct-string-widths nil)
+(setq gnus-use-correct-string-widths nil)
 @end example
-
-
 @noindent
- in ~/.gnus (thanks to Jesper harder for the last
- two suggestions). Finally if you are still using 5.8.8
- or 5.9 and experience speed problems with summary
- buffer generation, you definitely should update to
- 5.10 since there quite some work on improving it has
- been done.

-@ifnottex
-@node [9.3],  , [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 9.3:
-
- Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The reason could be that you told Gnus to archive the
- messages you wrote by setting
- gnus-message-archive-group. Try to use a nnml group
- instead of an archive group, this should bring you back
- to normal speed.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ - Glossary,  , FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+in ~/.gnus.el (thanks to Jesper harder for the last
+two suggestions). Finally if you are still using 5.8.8
+or 5.9 and experience speed problems with summary
+buffer generation, you definitely should update to
+5.10 since there quite some work on improving it has
+been done.
+
+@node [9.3]
+@subsubheading Question 9.3
+
+Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The reason could be that you told Gnus to archive the
+messages you wrote by setting
+gnus-message-archive-group. Try to use a nnml group
+instead of an archive group, this should bring you back
+to normal speed.
+
+@node FAQ - Glossary
 @subsection Glossary

 @table @dfn

-@item ~/.gnus
- When the term ~/.gnus is used it just means your Gnus
- configuration file. You might as well call it ~/.gnus.el or
- specify another name.
-
+@item ~/.gnus.el
+When the term ~/.gnus.el is used it just means your Gnus
+configuration file. You might as well call it ~/.gnus or
+specify another name.

 @item Back End
- In Gnus terminology a back end is a virtual server, a layer
- between core Gnus and the real NNTP-, POP3-, IMAP- or
- whatever-server which offers Gnus a standardized interface
- to functions like "get message", "get Headers" etc.
-
+In Gnus terminology a back end is a virtual server, a layer
+between core Gnus and the real NNTP-, POP3-, IMAP- or
+whatever-server which offers Gnus a standardized interface
+to functions like "get message", "get Headers" etc.

 @item Emacs
- When the term Emacs is used in this FAQ, it means either GNU
- Emacs or XEmacs.
-
+When the term Emacs is used in this FAQ, it means either GNU
+Emacs or XEmacs.

 @item Message
- In this FAQ message means a either a mail or a posting to a
- Usenet Newsgroup or to some other fancy back end, no matter
- of which kind it is.
-
+In this FAQ message means a either a mail or a posting to a
+Usenet Newsgroup or to some other fancy back end, no matter
+of which kind it is.

 @item MUA
- MUA is an acronym for Mail User Agent, it's the program you
- use to read and write e-mails.
-
+MUA is an acronym for Mail User Agent, it's the program you
+use to read and write e-mails.

 @item NUA
- NUA is an acronym for News User Agent, it's the program you
- use to read and write Usenet news.
-
+NUA is an acronym for News User Agent, it's the program you
+use to read and write Usenet news.
+
 @end table

-@c @bye
-
 @ignore
-   arch-tag: 64dc5692-edb4-4848-a965-7aa0181acbb8
+arch-tag: 64dc5692-edb4-4848-a965-7aa0181acbb8
 @end ignore
--- a/man/message.texi	Wed Mar 30 00:35:44 2005 +0000
+++ b/man/message.texi	Wed Mar 30 08:14:32 2005 +0000
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 @copying
 This file documents Message, the Emacs message composition mode.

-Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
+Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005
 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

 @quotation