view ja/hgext.tex @ 359:81116699a510

finished hgext.tex

%\chapter{Adding functionality with extensions}
\chapter{$B3HD%$K$h$k5!G=$NDI2C(B}
\label{chap:hgext}

%While the core of Mercurial is quite complete from a functionality
%standpoint, it's deliberately shorn of fancy features.  This approach
%of preserving simplicity keeps the software easy to deal with for both
%maintainers and users.

$B5!G=$N4QE@$+$i8+$k$H(BMercurial$B$O$+$J$j40Hw$7$F$$$k$,!$GI<j$J5!G=$K$D$$$F$O(B
$B0U?^E*$KGS=|$7$F$$$k!%(BMercurial$B$N%a%s%F%J$H%f!<%6$NAPJ}$K$H$C$FC1=c$5$rJ](B
$B$D$?$a$K$3$N%"%W%m!<%A$r<h$C$F$$$k!%(B

%However, Mercurial doesn't box you in with an inflexible command set:
%you can add features to it as \emph{extensions} (sometimes known as
%\emph{plugins}).  We've already discussed a few of these extensions in
%earlier chapters.

$B$7$+$7$J$,$i!$(BMercurial$B$OM;DL$NMx$+$J$$%3%^%s%I%;%C%H$rDs6!$7$F$$$k$N$G$O(B
$B$J$$!%(B\emph{extensions}$B!J$"$k$$$O(B\emph{plugins}$B$H8F$P$l$k$3$H$b$"$k!K$K$h$C(B
$B$F5!G=$rDI2C$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!%$3$l$i$N$$$/$D$+$K$D$$$F$O!$0JA0$N>O$G8+$F(B
$B$$$k!%(B

\begin{itemize}
%\item Section~\ref{sec:tour-merge:fetch} covers the \hgext{fetch}
%  extension; this combines pulling new changes and merging them with
%  local changes into a single command, \hgxcmd{fetch}{fetch}.
\item $B%;%/%7%g%s(B\ref{sec:tour-merge:fetch}$B$O(B\hgext{fetch}$B%(%/%9%F%s%7%g%s(B
       $B$r%+%P!<$7$F$$$k!%$3$l$O?7$7$$JQ99$r(Bpull$B$7!$%m!<%+%k$JJQ99$H%^!<%8(B
       $B$rC10l$N%3%^%s%I(B\hgxcmd{fetch}{fetch}$B$G<B9T$9$k!%(B
%\item In chapter~\ref{chap:hook}, we covered several extensions that
%  are useful for hook-related functionality: \hgext{acl} adds access
%  control lists; \hgext{bugzilla} adds integration with the Bugzilla
%  bug tracking system; and \hgext{notify} sends notification emails on
%  new changes.
\item \ref{chap:hook}$B$G$O!$%U%C%/$K4XO"$7$?$$$/$D$+$N3HD%$K$D$$$F07$&!%(B
\hgext{acl}$B$O%"%/%;%9@)8f%j%9%H$rDI2C$9$k!%(B\hgext{bugzilla}$B$O(BBugzilla$B5!G=(B
$B$NE}9g5!G=$rDs6!$9$k!%(B\hgext{notify}$B$O!$?7$?$JJQ99$N:]$KDLCNEE;R%a!<%k$r(B
$BAw$k5!G=$rDs6!$9$k!%(B
%\item The Mercurial Queues patch management extension is so invaluable
%  that it merits two chapters and an appendix all to itself.
%  Chapter~\ref{chap:mq} covers the basics;
%  chapter~\ref{chap:mq-collab} discusses advanced topics; and
%  appendix~\ref{chap:mqref} goes into detail on each command.
\item Mercurial Queue$B$H$$$&%Q%C%A%^%M!<%8%a%s%H3HD%$O!$Hs>o$K=EMW$J$N$G(B2
      $B>O$HIUO?(B1$B>O$rHq$d$7$F@bL@$9$k!%(B
  Chapter~\ref{chap:mq}$B$O4pK\E*$J5!G=$r@bL@$9$k!%(B
  chapter~\ref{chap:mq-collab}$B$G$O9bEY$J5!G=$K$D$$$F@bL@$7!$(B
  appendix~\ref{chap:mqref}$B$G$O3F%3%^%s%I$N>\:Y$r@bL@$9$k!%(B
\end{itemize}

%In this chapter, we'll cover some of the other extensions that are
%available for Mercurial, and briefly touch on some of the machinery
%you'll need to know about if you want to write an extension of your
%own.
$B$3$N>O$G$O(BMercurial$B$GMxMQ2DG=$J$=$NB>$N3HD%$K$D$$$F<h$j07$$!$$^$?<+J,$G(B
Mercurial$B3HD%$r=q$/;~$KLrN)$DFbIt$N5!9=$K$D$$$F$b@bL@$9$k!%(B
\begin{itemize}
%\item In section~\ref{sec:hgext:inotify}, we'll discuss the
%  possibility of \emph{huge} performance improvements using the
%  \hgext{inotify} extension.
\item \ref{sec:hgext:inotify}$B@a$G$O(B\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$rMQ$$$k$3$H$GF@$i(B
      $B$l$k(B\emph{$BBg$-$J(B}$B@-G=8~>e$K$D$$$F=R$Y$k!%(B
\end{itemize}

%\section{Improve performance with the \hgext{inotify} extension}
\section{\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$K$h$k@-G=8~>e(B}
\label{sec:hgext:inotify}

%Are you interested in having some of the most common Mercurial
%operations run as much as a hundred times faster?  Read on!
Mercurial$B$N:G$bB?MQ$5$l$k%3%^%s%I$N$$$/$D$+$,?tI4G\B.$/$J$k$3$H$K6=L#$,$"(B
$B$k$J$i$P$<$RFI$s$GM_$7$$!*(B

%Mercurial has great performance under normal circumstances.  For
%example, when you run the \hgcmd{status} command, Mercurial has to
%scan almost every directory and file in your repository so that it can
%display file status.  Many other Mercurial commands need to do the
%same work behind the scenes; for example, the \hgcmd{diff} command
%uses the status machinery to avoid doing an expensive comparison
%operation on files that obviously haven't changed.

$BDL>o$N>r7o2<$G(BMercurial$B$O9b$$@-G=$r;}$C$F$$$k$,!$(B \hgcmd{status}$B%3%^%s%I(B
$B$r<B9T$7$?;~!$(BMercurial$B$O$[$\A4$F$N%G%#%l%/%H%j$H%U%!%$%k$r%9%-%c%s$9$k$3(B
$B$H$K$J$k!%B>$NB?$/$N(BMercurial$B%3%^%s%I$O!$$3$N$h$&$JA`:n$r0U<1$5$;$J$$$h$&(B
$B$K$J$C$F$$$k!%Nc$($P(B\hgcmd{diff}$B$O%9%F!<%?%95!9=$rMQ$$$F!$L@$i$+$KJQ99$5(B
$B$l$F$$$J$$%U%!%$%k$NHf3S$rHr$1$F$$$k!%(B

%Because obtaining file status is crucial to good performance, the
%authors of Mercurial have optimised this code to within an inch of its
%life.  However, there's no avoiding the fact that when you run
%\hgcmd{status}, Mercurial is going to have to perform at least one
%expensive system call for each managed file to determine whether it's
%changed since the last time Mercurial checked.  For a sufficiently
%large repository, this can take a long time.

$BNI$$@-G=$rF@$k$?$a$K$O!$%U%!%$%k%9%F!<%?%9$N<hF@$,=EMW$J4X?4;v$H$J$k$?(B
$B$a!$(BMercurial$B$N:n<T$?$A$O$3$l$r$.$j$.$j$N$H$3$m$^$G:GE,2=$7$F$$$k!%$7$+$7(B
\hgcmd{status}$B%3%^%s%I$G$O$3$l$rHr$1$k<jN)$F$,$J$$!%(B Mercurial$B$O!$4IM}$7(B
$B$F$$$k%U%!%$%k$,:G8e$K%A%'%C%/$7$?;~$+$iJQ99$5$l$F$$$k$+D4$Y$k$?$a$K!$>/(B
$B$J$/$H$b0l$D$N9b2A$J%7%9%F%`%3!<%k$r$9$kI,MW$,$"$k!%$"$kDxEY0J>eBg$-$J%j(B
$B%]%8%H%j$G$O!$$3$NA`:n$K$OD9$$;~4V$rMW$9$k!%(B

%To put a number on the magnitude of this effect, I created a
%repository containing 150,000 managed files.  I timed \hgcmd{status}
%as taking ten seconds to run, even when \emph{none} of those files had
%been modified.

$B$3$N1F6A$K$D$$$FD4$Y$k$?$a$K(B150,000$B$N%U%!%$%k$rMJ$9$k%j%]%8%H%j$r:n@.$7(B
$B$?!%(B\emph{$B$^$C$?$/(B}$BJQ99$,$J$$>l9g$G$b(B\hgcmd{status}$B%3%^%s%I$N<B9T$K$O(B10
$BIC$rMW$7$?!%(B

%Many modern operating systems contain a file notification facility.
%If a program signs up to an appropriate service, the operating system
%will notify it every time a file of interest is created, modified, or
%deleted.  On Linux systems, the kernel component that does this is
%called \texttt{inotify}.

$B6aG/$N%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0%7%9%F%`$O!$%U%!%$%kDLCN$N5!9=$rHw$($F$$$k!%%W%m%0(B
$B%i%`$,E,@Z$J%5!<%S%9$KEPO?$9$k$H!$%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0%7%9%F%`$OBP>]$H$J$k%U%!(B
$B%$%k$N:n@.!$JQ99!$:o=|$r%W%m%0%i%`$KDLCN$9$k!%(B Linux$B%7%9%F%`$G$O$3$l$r9T(B
$B$&%+!<%M%k%3%s%]!<%M%s%H$O(B\texttt{inotify}$B$H8F$P$l$k!%(B

%Mercurial's \hgext{inotify} extension talks to the kernel's
%\texttt{inotify} component to optimise \hgcmd{status} commands.  The
%extension has two components.  A daemon sits in the background and
%receives notifications from the \texttt{inotify} subsystem.  It also
%listens for connections from a regular Mercurial command.  The
%extension modifies Mercurial's behaviour so that instead of scanning
%the filesystem, it queries the daemon.  Since the daemon has perfect
%information about the state of the repository, it can respond with a
%result instantaneously, avoiding the need to scan every directory and
%file in the repository.

Mercurial$B$N(B\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$O!$(B\hgcmd{status}$B%3%^%s%I$r:GE,2=$9$k$?$a(B
$B$K!$%+!<%M%k$N(B\texttt{inotify}$B%3%s%]!<%M%s%H$X%"%/%;%9$9$k!%$3$N3HD%$O(B2$B$D(B
$B$N%3%s%]!<%M%s%H$+$i$J$k!%(B \texttt{inotify}$B%5%V%7%9%F%`$+$iDLCN$r<u$1<h$k(B
$B$?$a$N%G!<%b%s$,%P%C%/%0%i%s%I$GF0:n$9$k!%$3$N%G!<%b%s$O(BMercurial$B$NB>$N%3(B
$B%^%s%I$+$i$N@\B3$b<u$1IU$1$k!%$3$N3HD%$O(BMercurial$B$N5sF0$rJQ99$7!$%U%!%$%k(B
$B%7%9%F%`$r%9%-%c%s$9$k$N$G$O$J$/!$%G!<%b%s$X$NLd$$9g$o$;$r9T$&$h$&$K$9(B
$B$k!%%G!<%b%s$O%j%]%8%H%j$N>uBV$r40A4$KGD0.$7$F$$$k$N$G!$D>$A$KLd$$9g$o$;(B
$B$KJVEz$9$k$3$H$,$G$-!$%j%]%8%H%j$N%G%#%l%/%H%j$H%U%!%$%k$N%9%-%c%s$rHr$1(B
$B$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!%(B

%Recall the ten seconds that I measured plain Mercurial as taking to
%run \hgcmd{status} on a 150,000 file repository.  With the
%\hgext{inotify} extension enabled, the time dropped to 0.1~seconds, a
%factor of \emph{one hundred} faster.

$B%W%l!<%s$J(BMercurial$B$G$O(B\hgcmd{status}$B%3%^%s%I$,(B150,000$B%U%!%$%k$N%j%]%8%H(B
$B%j$KBP$7$F(B10$BIC$rMW$7$F$$$?$3$H$r;W$$=P$7$FM_$7$$!#(B
\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$r;H$C$?>l9g!"=jMW;~4V$O(B0.1$BIC$K2<$,$j!$(B\emph{100}$BG\B.(B
$B$/$J$C$F$$$k$3$H$,J,$+$k!%(B

%Before we continue, please pay attention to some caveats.
$B$5$i$K?J$`A0$K!$Cm0UE@$r5s$2$k!%(B
\begin{itemize}
%\item The \hgext{inotify} extension is Linux-specific.  Because it
%  interfaces directly to the Linux kernel's \texttt{inotify}
%  subsystem, it does not work on other operating systems.
 \item \hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$O(BLinux$BFCM-$N$b$N$G$"$k!%$3$N5!G=3HD%$O(BLinux$B$N(B
       \texttt{inotify}$B%5%V%7%9%F%`$KD>@\%"%/%;%9$9$k$?$a!$B>$N%*%Z%l!<(B
       $B%F%#%s%0%7%9%F%`$G$OF0:n$7$J$$!%(B

%\item It should work on any Linux distribution that was released after
%  early~2005.  Older distributions are likely to have a kernel that
%  lacks \texttt{inotify}, or a version of \texttt{glibc} that does not
%  have the necessary interfacing support.
 \item 2005$BG/=i$a0J9_$K%j%j!<%9$5$l$?$I$N$h$&$J(BLinux$B%G%#%9%H%j%S%e!<%7%g(B
       $B%s$G$bF0:n$9$k$O$:$@$,!$8E$$%G%#%9%H%j%S%e!<%7%g%s$G$O(B
       \texttt{inotify}$B$r7g$$$F$$$?$j!$I,MW$J%$%s%?!<%U%'!<%9%5%]!<%H$r(B
       \texttt{glibc}$B$,Ds6!$7$F$$$J$+$C$?$j$9$k2DG=@-$,$"$k!%(B

%\item Not all filesystems are suitable for use with the
%  \hgext{inotify} extension.  Network filesystems such as NFS are a
%  non-starter, for example, particularly if you're running Mercurial

%  on several systems, all mounting the same network filesystem.  The
%  kernel's \texttt{inotify} system has no way of knowing about changes
%  made on another system.  Most local filesystems (e.g.~ext3, XFS,
%  ReiserFS) should work fine.
 \item $BA4$F$N%U%!%$%k%7%9%F%`$,(B\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$GMxMQ2DG=$J$o$1$G$O$J(B
       $B$$!%Nc$((B
$B$P(BMercurial$B$r$$$/$D$+$N%7%9%F%`$GF0:n$5$;$F$$$k>l9g!$F10l$N%M%C%H%o!<%/%U%!(B
$B%$%k%7%9%F%`$r3F!9$N%7%9%F%`$G%^%&%s%H$7$F$$$k$3$H$,B?$$$,!$(B NFS$B$J$I$N%M%C(B
$B%H%o!<%/%U%!%$%k%7%9%F%`$O9MN8$5$l$F$$$J$$!%(B
\end{itemize}

%The \hgext{inotify} extension is not yet shipped with Mercurial as of
%May~2007, so it's a little more involved to set up than other
%extensions.  But the performance improvement is worth it!

2007$BG/(B5$B7n$^$G$O(B\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$O(BMercurial$B$KF1:-$5$l$F$$$J$+$C$?!%$=$N(B
$B$?$a!$%;%C%H%"%C%W$OB>$N3HD%$KHf$Y$F$d$dJ#;($@$,!$F@$i$l$k@-G=8~>e$O$K$O(B
$B$=$l$@$1$N2ACM$,$"$k!%(B

%The extension currently comes in two parts: a set of patches to the
%Mercurial source code, and a library of Python bindings to the
%\texttt{inotify} subsystem.

$B8=:_!$3HD%$O(B2$B$D$N%Q!<%H$KJ,$+$l$F$$$k!%(BMercurial$B%=!<%9%3!<%I$X$N%Q%C%A$H(B
\texttt{inotify}$B%5%V%7%9%F%`$X$N(BPython$B%P%$%s%G%#%s%0%i%$%V%i%j$G$"$k!%(B

\begin{note}
%  There are \emph{two} Python \texttt{inotify} binding libraries.  One
%  of them is called \texttt{pyinotify}, and is packaged by some Linux
%  distributions as \texttt{python-inotify}.  This is \emph{not} the
%  one you'll need, as it is too buggy and inefficient to be practical.

Python$B$N(B\texttt{inotify}$B%P%$%s%G%#%s%0%i%$%V%i%j$O(B\emph{2$B$D(B}$B$"$k!%(B1$B$D$O(B
\texttt{pyinotify}$B$G$"$j!$$$$/$D$+$N(BLinux$B%G%#%9%H%j%S%e!<%7%g%s$G$O(B
\texttt{python-inotify}$B$H$7$F%Q%C%1!<%82=$5$l$F$$$k!%$3$l$O%P%0$,Hs>o$KB?(B
$B$/!$<BMQ$9$k$K$OHs8zN(E*$G$"$j!$;H$&$Y$-$G(B\emph{$B$J$$(B}$B!%(B
\end{note}

%To get going, it's best to already have a functioning copy of
%Mercurial installed.
$B@h$X?J$`$KEv$C$F!$@5$7$/5!G=$9$k(BMercurial$B$,%$%s%9%H!<%k$5$l$F$$$k$3$H$,(B
$BK>$^$7$$!%(B

\begin{note}
%  If you follow the instructions below, you'll be \emph{replacing} and
%  overwriting any existing installation of Mercurial that you might
%  already have, using the latest ``bleeding edge'' Mercurial code.
%  Don't say you weren't warned!
$B0J2<$N;X<($K=>$C$F%$%s%9%H!<%k$7$?(BMercurial$B$r!$:G?7$N(BMercurial$B%3!<%I$G(B
\emph{$BCV$-49$($k(B}$B$3$H$,$G$-$k!%!J7Y9p$5$l$J$+$C$?$H$O8@$o$J$$$3$H!K(B

\end{note}
\begin{enumerate}
%\item Clone the Python \texttt{inotify} binding repository.  Build and
%  install it.
\item Python \texttt{inotify}$B%P%$%s%G%#%s%0$N%j%]%8%H%j$r%/%m!<%s$7!$%S(B
      $B%k%I$H%$%s%9%H!<%k$r9T$&!%(B
  \begin{codesample4}
    hg clone http://hg.kublai.com/python/inotify
    cd inotify
    python setup.py build --force
    sudo python setup.py install --skip-build
  \end{codesample4}
%\item Clone the \dirname{crew} Mercurial repository.  Clone the
%  \hgext{inotify} patch repository so that Mercurial Queues will be
%  able to apply patches to your cope of the \dirname{crew} repository.
 \item Merecurial$B$N(B\dirname{crew}$B%j%]%8%H%j$r%/%m!<%s$9(B
      $B$k!%(B\hgext{inotify}$B%Q%C%A%j%]%8%H%j$r%/%m!<%s$7!$(BMercurial Queues
      $B$,(B\dirname{crew}$B%j%]%8%H%j$K%Q%C%A$rEv$F$i$l$k$h$&$K$9$k!%(B
  \begin{codesample4}
    hg clone http://hg.intevation.org/mercurial/crew
    hg clone crew inotify
    hg clone http://hg.kublai.com/mercurial/patches/inotify inotify/.hg/patches
  \end{codesample4}
%\item Make sure that you have the Mercurial Queues extension,
%  \hgext{mq}, enabled.  If you've never used MQ, read
%  section~\ref{sec:mq:start} to get started quickly.

\item Mercurial Queues$B3HD%!J(B\hgext{mq}$B!K$,M-8z$K$J$C$F$$$k$3$H$r3NG'$9(B
      $B$k!%(BMQ$B$r;H$C$?$3$H$,$J$1$l$P!$(B\ref{sec:mq:start}$B$r0lFI$9$k$3$H$r$*(B
      $B$9$9$a$9$k!%(B

%\item Go into the \dirname{inotify} repo, and apply all of the
%  \hgext{inotify} patches using the \hgxopt{mq}{qpush}{-a} option to
%  the \hgxcmd{mq}{qpush} command.
\item \dirname{inotify}$B%j%]%8%H%j$X9T$-!$(B\hgxcmd{mq}{qpush}$B%3%^%s%I$K(B
      \hgxopt{mq}{qpush}{-a}$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$C$F(B\hgext{inotify}$B$N%Q%C%A$r$9(B
      $B$Y$FE,MQ$9$k!%(B

  \begin{codesample4}
    cd inotify
    hg qpush -a
  \end{codesample4}
%  If you get an error message from \hgxcmd{mq}{qpush}, you should not
%  continue.  Instead, ask for help.

\hgxcmd{mq}{qpush}$B$G%(%i!<$,5/$-$?>l9g!$@h$X?J$^$:$K=u8@$r5a$a$FM_$7$$!%(B

%\item Build and install the patched version of Mercurial.
\item $B%Q%C%A$rEv$F$?(BMercurial$B$r%S%k%I$7$F%$%s%9%H!<%k$9$k!%(B
  \begin{codesample4}
    python setup.py build --force
    sudo python setup.py install --skip-build
  \end{codesample4}
\end{enumerate}
%Once you've build a suitably patched version of Mercurial, all you
%need to do to enable the \hgext{inotify} extension is add an entry to
%your \hgrc.

$BE,@Z$J%Q%C%A$NEv$C$?(BMercurial$B$r%S%k%I$9$l$P!$8e$O(B\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$rMx(B
$BMQ$9$k$h$&$K(B\hgrc $B$r@_Dj$9$k$@$1$G$"$k!%(B

\begin{codesample2}
  [extensions]
  inotify =
\end{codesample2}
%When the \hgext{inotify} extension is enabled, Mercurial will
%automatically and transparently start the status daemon the first time
%you run a command that needs status in a repository.  It runs one
%status daemon per repository.

\hgext{inotify}$B$,M-8z$K$J$C$F$$$k$H!$(BMercurial$B$O%j%]%8%H%jFb$G%3%^%s%I$,(B
$B:G=i$K<B9T$5$l$?;~$K<+F0E*$+$DF)2aE*$K%9%F!<%?%9%G!<%b%s$r5/F0$9$k!%%j%](B
$B%8%H%j(B1$B$D$4$H$K(B1$B$D$N%9%F!<%?%9%G!<%b%s$,5/F0$5$l$k!%(B

%The status daemon is started silently, and runs in the background.  If
%you look at a list of running processes after you've enabled the
%\hgext{inotify} extension and run a few commands in different
%repositories, you'll thus see a few \texttt{hg} processes sitting
%around, waiting for updates from the kernel and queries from
%Mercurial.

$B%9%F!<%?%9%G!<%b%s$O2?$b=PNO$r9T$o$:!$%P%C%/%0%i%&%s%I$GF0:n$9(B
$B$k!%(B\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$rM-8z$K$7$?8e$GJL$N%j%]%8%H%jFb$G$$$/$D$+%3%^%s%I(B
$B$r<B9T$7!$<B9TCf$N%W%m%;%9$N%j%9%H$r8+$k$H!$$$$/$D$+$N(B\texttt{hg}$B%W%m%;%9(B
$B$,%+!<%M%k$+$i$N%"%C%W%G!<%H$H(BMercurial$B$+$i$NLd$$9g$o$;$rBT$C$F$$$k$N$,(B
$B8+$i$l$k$@$m$&!%(B

%The first time you run a Mercurial command in a repository when you
%have the \hgext{inotify} extension enabled, it will run with about the
%same performance as a normal Mercurial command.  This is because the
%status daemon needs to perform a normal status scan so that it has a
%baseline against which to apply later updates from the kernel.
%However, \emph{every} subsequent command that does any kind of status
%check should be noticeably faster on repositories of even fairly
%modest size.  Better yet, the bigger your repository is, the greater a
%performance advantage you'll see.  The \hgext{inotify} daemon makes
%status operations almost instantaneous on repositories of all sizes!

\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$rM-8z$K$7!$%j%]%8%H%jFb$G(BMercurial$B%3%^%s%I$r:G=i$K<B(B
$B9T$7$?;~$ODL>o$N(BMercurial$B%3%^%s%I$HF1MM$N@-G=$GF0$/!%%9%F!<%?%9%G!<%b%s$O(B
$BDL>o$N%9%F!<%?%9%9%-%c%s$r9T$$!$%+!<%M%k$+$i99?7$NDLCN$r<u$1$k$?$a$N%Y!<(B
$B%9%i%$%s$r<hF@$7$F$*$+$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$$+$i$G$"$k!%0lJ}$G!$8eB3$N%9%F!<%?(B
$B%9%A%'%C%/$r9T$&(B\emph{$B$9$Y$F$N(B}$B%3%^%s%I$O!$$=$3$=$3$NBg$-$5$N%j%]%8%H%j$K(B
$BBP$7$F$bL\$K8+$($F9bB.2=$5$l$k!%$5$i$K%j%]%8%H%j$,Bg$-$/$J$k$KO"$l$F@-G=(B
$B$N8~>e$OBg$-$/$J$k!%(B\hgext{inotify}$B%G!<%b%s$O!$%j%]%8%H%j$N%5%$%:$K4X$o$i(B
$B$:!$%9%F!<%?%9<hF@$r$[$\=V;~$K9T$&$3$H$,$G$-$k!%(B

%If you like, you can manually start a status daemon using the
%\hgxcmd{inotify}{inserve} command.  This gives you slightly finer
%control over how the daemon ought to run.  This command will of course
%only be available when the \hgext{inotify} extension is enabled.

\hgxcmd{inotify}{inserve}$B%3%^%s%I$r;H$C$F%9%F!<%?%9%G!<%b%s$r<jF0$G<B9T$9(B
$B$k$3$H$b2DG=$G$"$k!%$3$l$K$h$j!$%G!<%b%s$,$I$N$h$&$KF0:n$9$k$N$+$r$d$d:Y(B
$B$+$/%3%s%H%m!<%k$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!%EvA3$J$,$i!$$3$N%3%^%s%I$O(B
\hgext{inotify}$B$,M-8z$N>l9g$N$_MxMQ2DG=$G$"$k!%(B


%When you're using the \hgext{inotify} extension, you should notice
%\emph{no difference at all} in Mercurial's behaviour, with the sole
%exception of status-related commands running a whole lot faster than
%they used to.  You should specifically expect that commands will not
%print different output; neither should they give different results.
%If either of these situations occurs, please report a bug.

\hgext{inotify}$B3HD%$r;H$C$F$$$k;~$O(BMercurial$B$N(B\emph{$BA4$/JQ2=$J$7(B}$B$H$$$&F0(B
$B:n$K5$IU$/$@$m$&!%%9%F!<%?%9$K4X78$9$k%3%^%s%I$O0JA0$h$j$:$C$H9bB.$K$J$C(B
$B$F$$$k$H$$$&0l$D$NNc30$r=|$$$F%3%^%s%I$OFCJL$N=PNO$b7k2L$b=PNO$7$J$$$3$H(B
$B$KN10U$5$l$?$$!%2?$+FCJL$J$3$H$,5/$-$?$i%P%0$H$7$FJs9p$7$FM_$7$$!%(B

%\section{Flexible diff support with the \hgext{extdiff} extension}
\section{\hgext{extdiff}$B3HD%$K$h$k=@Fp$J(Bdiff$B%5%]!<%H(B}
\label{sec:hgext:extdiff}

%Mercurial's built-in \hgcmd{diff} command outputs plaintext unified
%diffs.
%\interaction{extdiff.diff}
%If you would like to use an external tool to display modifications,
%you'll want to use the \hgext{extdiff} extension.  This will let you
%use, for example, a graphical diff tool.

Mercurial$B$N%S%k%H%$%s%3%^%s%I(B\hgcmd{diff}$B$O(Bunified$B7A<0$N(Bdiff$B$r%W%l!<%s%F(B
$B%-%9%H$G=PNO$9$k!%(B
\interaction{extdiff.diff}
$BJQ99$r30It%D!<%k$r;H$C$FI=<($7$?$$$J$i$P!$(B\hgext{extdiff}$B3HD%$r;H$&$HNI(B
$B$$!%$3$N3HD%$ONc$($P%0%i%U%#%+%k$J(Bdiff$BI=<($r9T$&!%(B

%The \hgext{extdiff} extension is bundled with Mercurial, so it's easy
%to set up.  In the \rcsection{extensions} section of your \hgrc,
%simply add a one-line entry to enable the extension.

\hgext{extdiff}$B3HD%$O(BMercurial$B$KF1:-$5$l$F$$$k$N$G!$%;%C%H%"%C%W$OMF0W$G(B
$B$"$k!%(B\hgrc $B$NCf$N(B\rcsection{extensions}$B%;%/%7%g%s$K(B1$B9T$N@_Dj$rDI2C$9$k(B
$B$@$1$GNI$$!%(B
\begin{codesample2}
  [extensions]
  extdiff =
\end{codesample2}

%This introduces a command named \hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff}, which by
%default uses your system's \command{diff} command to generate a
%unified diff in the same form as the built-in \hgcmd{diff} command.
%\interaction{extdiff.extdiff}
%The result won't be exactly the same as with the built-in \hgcmd{diff}
%variations, because the output of \command{diff} varies from one
%system to another, even when passed the same options.

$B$3$N3HD%$G(B\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff}$B$H$$$&%3%^%s%I$,;H$($k$h$&$K$J$k!%(B
$B$3$N%3%^%s%I$O%7%9%F%`$N(B\command{diff}$B$r;H$C$FAH$_9~$_$N(B\hgcmd{diff}$B%3%^(B
$B%s%I$HF1MM$N(Bunified$B7A<0$N(Bdiff$B$r@8@.$9$k!%(B
\interaction{extdiff.extdiff}
$BF@$i$l$k@.2LJ*$OAH$_9~$_$N(B\hgcmd{diff}$B$HA4$/F1$8$K$O$J$i$J$$$@$m$&!%M}M3(B
$B$O(B\command{diff}$B%3%^%s%I$O%7%9%F%`Kh$K0[$J$j!$F1$8%*%W%7%g%s$rEO$7$F$bF1(B
$B$8=PNO$r$9$k$H$O8B$i$J$$$+$i$@!%(B

%As the ``\texttt{making snapshot}'' lines of output above imply, the
%\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff} command works by creating two snapshots of
%your source tree.  The first snapshot is of the source revision; the
%second, of the target revision or working directory.  The
%\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff} command generates these snapshots in a
%temporary directory, passes the name of each directory to an external
%diff viewer, then deletes the temporary directory.  For efficiency, it
%only snapshots the directories and files that have changed between the
%two revisions.

$B=PNO$N(B``\texttt{making snapshot}''$B9T$,<gD%$9$k$h$&(B
$B$K!$(B\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff}$B%3%^%s%I$O%=!<%9%D%j!<$N(B2$B$D$N%9%J%C%W%7%g%C(B
$B%H$r:n$k$h$&$KF/$/!%(B 1$B$DL\$N%9%J%C%W%7%g%C%H$O%=!<%9%j%S%8%g%s$G!$(B2$B$DL\$O(B
$B%o!<%-%s%0%G%#%l%/%H%j$N%?!<%2%C%H%j%S%8%g%s$G$"$k!%(B
\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff}$B%3%^%s%I$O$3$l$i$N%9%J%C%W%7%g%C%H$r%F%s%]%i%j%G%#(B
$B%l%/%H%j$K:n$j!$30It(Bdiff$B%S%e!<%"$K$=$l$>$l$N%G%#%l%/%H%j$NL>A0$rEO$9!%$=(B
$B$N8e!$%F%s%]%i%j%G%#%l%/%H%j$r>C5n$9$k!%8zN($N$?$a$K(B2$B$D$N%j%S%8%g%s4V$GJQ(B
$B99$N$"$C$?%G%#%l%/%H%j$H%U%!%$%k$N%9%J%C%W%7%g%C%H$@$1$r<h$k!%(B

%Snapshot directory names have the same base name as your repository.
%If your repository path is \dirname{/quux/bar/foo}, then \dirname{foo}
%will be the name of each snapshot directory.  Each snapshot directory
%name has its changeset ID appended, if appropriate.  If a snapshot is
%of revision \texttt{a631aca1083f}, the directory will be named
%\dirname{foo.a631aca1083f}.  A snapshot of the working directory won't
%have a changeset ID appended, so it would just be \dirname{foo} in

%this example.  To see what this looks like in practice, look again at
%the \hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff} example above.  Notice that the diff has
%the snapshot directory names embedded in its header.

$B%9%J%C%W%7%g%C%H%G%#%l%/%H%j$NL>A0$O%j%]%8%H%j$HF1$8%Y!<%9%M!<%`$r;}$D!%(B
$B%j%]%8%H%j$N%Q%9$,(B\dirname{/quux/bar/foo}$B$J$i$P!$(B\dirname{foo}$B$,%9%J%C%W(B
$B%7%g%C%H%G%#%l%/%H%j$N%Y!<%9%M!<%`$K$J$j!$$3$3$K%A%'%s%8%;%C%H(BID$B$,IU2C$5(B
$B$l$k!%%9%J%C%W%7%g%C%H$N%j%S%8%g%s$,(B\texttt{a631aca1083f}$B$J$i!$%G%#%l%/%H(B
$B%j$O(B\dirname{foo.a631aca1083f}$B$H$J$k!%%o!<%-%s%0%G%#%l%/%H%j$N%9%J%C%W(B
$B%7%g%C%H$O%A%'%s%8%;%C%H(BID$B$r;}$?$J$$$N$G!$$3$NNc$G$O(B\dirname{foo}$B$H$$$&L>(B
$BA0$K$J$k!%<B:]$NF0:n$r8+$k$K$O!$>e5-$N(B\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff}$B$r;2>H$5$l(B
$B$?$$!%(B diff$B$N%X%C%@$K$O%9%J%C%W%7%g%C%H%G%#%l%/%H%jL>$,Kd$a9~$^$l$F$$$kE@(B
$B$KN10U$5$l$?$$!%(B

%The \hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff} command accepts two important options.
%The \hgxopt{extdiff}{extdiff}{-p} option lets you choose a program to
%view differences with, instead of \command{diff}.  With the
%\hgxopt{extdiff}{extdiff}{-o} option, you can change the options that
%\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff} passes to the program (by default, these
%options are ``\texttt{-Npru}'', which only make sense if you're
%running \command{diff}).  In other respects, the
%\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff} command acts similarly to the built-in
%\hgcmd{diff} command: you use the same option names, syntax, and
%arguments to specify the revisions you want, the files you want, and
%so on.

\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff}$B%3%^%s%I$K$O=EMW$J%*%W%7%g%s$,(B2$B$D$"$k!%(B
\hgxopt{extdiff}{extdiff}{-p}$B%*%W%7%g%s$G:9J,$r<h$k%3%^%s%I$H$7$F(B
\command{diff}$B0J30$N%3%^%s%I$r;XDj$G$-$k!%(B \hgxopt{extdiff}{extdiff}{-o}
$B%*%W%7%g%s$G(B\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff}$B$,30It%W%m%0%i%`$KEO$9%*%W%7%g%s$rJQ(B
$B99$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!%!J%G%U%)%k%H$G$O(B``\texttt{-Npru}''$B$,EO$5$l$k!%$3$l$O(B
\command{diff}$B$,5/F0$5$l$k;~$N$_0UL#$r;}$D!%!K$=$NB>$NE@$G$O(B
\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff}$B%3%^%s%I$O%S%k%H%$%s$N(B\hgcmd{diff}$B$HF1MM$NF0:n$r(B
$B$9$k!%$9$J$o$A!$F1$8%*%W%7%g%sL>!$J8K!!$%j%S%8%g%s$d%U%!%$%k$r;XDj$9$k=q(B
$B<0$J$I$r;}$D!%(B

%As an example, here's how to run the normal system \command{diff}
%command, getting it to generate context diffs (using the

%\cmdopt{diff}{-c} option) instead of unified diffs, and five lines of
%context instead of the default three (passing \texttt{5} as the
%argument to the \cmdopt{diff}{-C} option).
%\interaction{extdiff.extdiff-ctx}

$B$3$3$G%7%9%F%`$NDL>o%3%^%s%I$N(B\command{diff}$B$r!$(Bunified diff$B7A<0$G$O$J(B
$B$/!$!J(B\cmdopt{diff}{-c}$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$C$F!K(Bcontext diff$B7A<0$r=PNO$5$;$kNc(B
$B$r8+$F$_$h$&!%(Bcontext diff$B$K4^$^$l$k%3%s%F%-%9%H$N9T?t$b%G%U%)%k%H$N(B3$B9T$G(B
$B$O$J$/!$!J(B\cmdopt{diff}{-C}$B$X(B\texttt{5}$B%*%W%7%g%s$rEO$7$F!K(B5$B9T=PNO$5$;$k(B
$B$h$&$K$9$k!%(B

%Launching a visual diff tool is just as easy.  Here's how to launch
%the \command{kdiff3} viewer.
$B%S%8%e%"%k(Bdiff$B%D!<%k$N5/F0$O$?$d$9$$!%$3$3$G$O(B\command{kdiff3}$B%S%e!<%"$N(B
$B5/F0J}K!$r<($9!%(B
\begin{codesample2}
  hg extdiff -p kdiff3 -o ''
\end{codesample2}

%If your diff viewing command can't deal with directories, you can
%easily work around this with a little scripting.  For an example of
%such scripting in action with the \hgext{mq} extension and the
%\command{interdiff} command, see
%section~\ref{mq-collab:tips:interdiff}.

$BMxMQ$7$h$&$H$9$k(Bdiff$B%S%e!<%3%^%s%I$,%G%#%l%/%H%j$r07$($J$$>l9g!$$o$:$+$J(B
$B%9%/%j%W%H$r=q$/$3$H$G4JC1$K$3$NLdBj$r2sHr$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!%<B:]$K;H$o$l(B
$B$F$$$k%9%/%j%W%HNc$H$7$F$O!$(B\hgext{mq}$B3HD%$H(B\command{interdiff}$B%3%^%s%I$N(B
$B4V$N$b$N$,$"$k!%$3$l$K$D$$$F$O(B\ref{mq-collab:tips:interdiff}$B$r;2>H$5$l$?(B
$B$$!%(B

%\subsection{Defining command aliases}
\subsection{$B%3%^%s%I$N%(%$%j%"%9$r:n$k(B}

%It can be cumbersome to remember the options to both the
%\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff} command and the diff viewer you want to use,
%so the \hgext{extdiff} extension lets you define \emph{new} commands
%that will invoke your diff viewer with exactly the right options.

\hgxcmd{extdiff}{extdiff}$B%3%^%s%I$H(Bdiff$B%S%e!<%"APJ}$N%*%W%7%g%s$r3P$($F$*(B
$B$/$N$OLq2p$J$?$a!$(B\hgext{extdiff}$B3HD%$G(Bdiff$B%S%e!<%"$r@5$7$$%*%W%7%g%s$G5/(B
$BF0$9$k(B\emph{$B?7$7$$(B}$B%3%^%s%I$rDj5A$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!%(B

%All you need to do is edit your \hgrc, and add a section named
%\rcsection{extdiff}.  Inside this section, you can define multiple
%commands.  Here's how to add a \texttt{kdiff3} command.  Once you've
%defined this, you can type ``\texttt{hg kdiff3}'' and the
%\hgext{extdiff} extension will run \command{kdiff3} for you.

$B$3$N$?$a$K$O(B\hgrc $B$rJT=8$7(B\rcsection{extdiff}$B$H$$$&L>A0$N?7$7$$%;%/%7%g%s(B
$B$rDI2C$9$l$P$h$$!%$3$N%;%/%7%g%sFb$G$OJ#?t$N%3%^%s%I$rDj5A$9$k$3$H$,$G$-(B
$B$k!%(B\texttt{kdiff3}$B%3%^%s%I$rDI2C$9$kJ}K!$rNc$H$7$F<($9!%0lEYDj5A$r9T$((B
$B$P!$(B``\texttt{hg kdiff3}''$B$H%?%$%W$9$k$3$H$G(B\hgext{extdiff}$B3HD%$,(B
\command{kdiff3}$B$r<B9T$9$k!%(B

\begin{codesample2}
  [extdiff]
  cmd.kdiff3 =
\end{codesample2}

%If you leave the right hand side of the definition empty, as above,
%the \hgext{extdiff} extension uses the name of the command you defined
%as the name of the external program to run.  But these names don't
%have to be the same.  Here, we define a command named ``\texttt{hg
%  wibble}'', which runs \command{kdiff3}.

$B>e$NNc$N$h$&$K1&JU$r6u$K$7$F$*$/$H!$(B\hgext{extdiff}$B3HD%$O30It$G5/F0$9$Y$-(B
$B%3%^%s%IL>$H$7$FDj5A$rMQ$$$k!%$3$NL>A0$O=EJ#$7$F$O$J$i$J$$!%$3$3$G$O(B
``\texttt{hg wibble}''$B$H$$$&L>A0$G%3%^%s%I(B\command{kdiff3}$B$r8F$S=P$9$rDj(B
$B5A$7$F$$$k!%(B

\begin{codesample2}
  [extdiff]
  cmd.wibble = kdiff3
\end{codesample2}

%You can also specify the default options that you want to invoke your
%diff viewing program with.  The prefix to use is ``\texttt{opts.}'',
%followed by the name of the command to which the options apply.  This
%example defines a ``\texttt{hg vimdiff}'' command that runs the
%\command{vim} editor's \texttt{DirDiff} extension.

diff$B%S%e!<%"$r5/F0$9$k:]$N%G%U%)%k%H%*%W%7%g%s$bDj5A$G$-$k!%Dj5A$G$O%*%W(B
$B%7%g%s$rDj5A$7$?$$%3%^%s%I$NA0$K(B``\texttt{opts.}''$B$H$$$&@\F,<-$rIU$1$k!%(B
$B$3$NNc$G$O(B\command{vim}$B%(%G%#%?$r(B\texttt{DirDiff}$B%*%W%7%g%sIU$-$G5/F0$9$k(B
``\texttt{hg vimdiff}''$B%3%^%s%I$rDj5A$7$F$$$k!%(B

\begin{codesample2}
  [extdiff]
  cmd.vimdiff = vim
  opts.vimdiff = -f '+next' '+execute "DirDiff" argv(0) argv(1)'
\end{codesample2}

%\section{Cherrypicking changes with the \hgext{transplant} extension}
\section{\hgext{transplant}$B3HD%$rMQ$$$?%A%'%j!<%T%C%-%s%099?7(B}
\label{sec:hgext:transplant}

%Need to have a long chat with Brendan about this.
$B!J(BBrendan$B$H$h$/OC$r$9$kI,MW$,$"$k!%!K(B

%\section{Send changes via email with the \hgext{patchbomb} extension}
\section{\hgext{patchbomb}$B3HD%$K$h$C$FJQ99$r%a!<%k$9$k(B}
\label{sec:hgext:patchbomb}

%Many projects have a culture of ``change review'', in which people
%send their modifications to a mailing list for others to read and
%comment on before they commit the final version to a shared
%repository.  Some projects have people who act as gatekeepers; they
%apply changes from other people to a repository to which those others
%don't have access.

$BB?$/$N%W%m%8%'%/%H$,(B``$B99?7$N%l%S%e!<(B''$B$NJ82=$r;}$C$F$$$k!%3+H/<T$?$A$O:G(B
$B=*%P!<%8%g%s$r6&M-%j%]%8%H%j$K%3%_%C%H$9$kA0$K!$%Q%C%A$r::FI<TC#$,$$$k%a!<(B
$B%j%s%0%j%9%H$XJQ99$rAw$j!$%A%'%C%/$d<u$1$?$j%3%a%s%H$rLc$C$?$j$9$k!%$$$/(B
$B$D$+$N%W%m%8%'%/%H$G$OLgHV$N$h$&$J?M!9$r;}$C$F$$$?$j$5$($9$k!%H`$i$N;E;v(B
$B$O!$?M!9$+$iAw$i$l$?JQ99$r!$H`$i0J30$K%"%/%;%98"$N$J$$%j%]%8%H%j$XE,MQ$9(B
$B$k$3$H$G$"$k!%(B

%Mercurial makes it easy to send changes over email for review or
%application, via its \hgext{patchbomb} extension.  The extension is so
%namd because changes are formatted as patches, and it's usual to send
%one changeset per email message.  Sending a long series of changes by
%email is thus much like ``bombing'' the recipient's inbox, hence
%``patchbomb''.

Mercurial$B$G$O(B\hgext{patchbomb}$B3HD%$rMQ$$$k$H%l%S%e!<$dE,MQ$N$?$a$KJQ99$r(B
$B%a!<%k$GAw?.$9$k$3$H$,MF0W$K$J$k!%$3$N3HD%$NL>A0$OJQ99$r%Q%C%A$H$7$F%U%)!<(B
$B%^%C%H$7!$(B1$B$D$N%A%'%s%8%;%C%HKh$K%a!<%k(B1$BDL$rAw?.$9$k$3$H$KM3Mh$9$k!%(B
$B0lO"$NJQ99$rO"B3$7$F%a!<%k$GAw?.$9$k$3$H$r(B``$BGz7b(B''$B$K8+N)$F$F$$$k!%=>$C$F(B
$B<u?.<T$,<u$1<h$k$N$O(B``$B%Q%C%AGzCF(B''$B$G$"$k!%(B

%As usual, the basic configuration of the \hgext{patchbomb} extension
%takes just one or two lines in your \hgrc.
$BDL>o!$(B\hgext{patchbomb}$B3HD%$N4pK\@_Dj$O(B\hgrc $B$NCf$G(B1$B!$(B2$B9T$[$I$G$"$k!%(B

\begin{codesample2}
  [extensions]
  patchbomb =
\end{codesample2}
%Once you've enabled the extension, you will have a new command
%available, named \hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}.

$B3HD%$rM-8z$K$9$k$H!$(B\hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}$B%3%^%s%I$,;H$($k$h$&$K$J$k!%(B

%The safest and best way to invoke the \hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}
%command is to \emph{always} run it first with the
%\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-n} option.  This will show you what the
%command \emph{would} send, without actually sending anything.  Once
%you've had a quick glance over the changes and verified that you are
%sending the right ones, you can rerun the same command, with the
%\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-n} option removed.

\hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}$B$r5/F0$9$k$N$K:G$b0BA4$GNI$$J}K!$O!$$^$::G=i$K(B
\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-n}$B%*%W%7%g%s$rIU$1$F<B9T$7$F$_$k$3$H$@!%(B
$B$3$l$K$h$j!$<B:]$NAw?.$O9T$o$:$K2?$,5/$-$k$N$+$r8+$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!%JQ99$K(B
$BL\$rDL$7$F@5$7$$JQ99$rAw?.$9$k$3$H$r3NG'$G$-$?$i!$F1$8%3%^%s%I$r(B
\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-n}$B%*%W%7%g%s$J$7$G<B9T$9$k!%(B

%The \hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email} command accepts the same kind of
%revision syntax as every other Mercurial command.  For example, this
%command will send every revision between 7 and \texttt{tip},
%inclusive.

\hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}$B%3%^%s%I$OB>$N(BMercurial$B%3%^%s%I$HF1MM$N%j%S%8%g(B
$B%s;XDj9=J8$r<u$1IU$1$k!%Nc$($P%j%S%8%g%s(B7$B$+$i(Btip$B$^$G$r4^$`JQ99$rAw?.$9$k(B
$B$J$I$N$h$&$K;XDj$,2DG=$G$"$k!%(B
\begin{codesample2}
  hg email -n 7:tip
\end{codesample2}

%You can also specify a \emph{repository} to compare with.  If you
%provide a repository but no revisions, the \hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}
%command will send all revisions in the local repository that are not

%present in the remote repository.  If you additionally specify
%revisions or a branch name (the latter using the
%\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-b} option), this will constrain the
%revisions sent.

$BHf3SBP>]$H$7$F(B\emph{$B%j%]%8%H%j(B}$B$r;XDj$9$k$3$H$b$G$-$k!%%j%]%8%H%j$r;XDj(B
$B$7!$%j%S%8%g%s$r;XDj$7$J$$>l9g!$(B\hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}$B$O%m!<%+%k%j%]%8(B
$B%H%j$K$"$C$F%j%b!<%H%j%]%8%H%j$K$J$$A4$F$N%P!<%8%g%s$rAw?.$9$k!%%j%S%8%g(B
$B%s$^$?$O%V%i%s%AL>$r;XDj$9$k$H!J8e<T$O(B\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-b}$B$rMQ$$(B
$B$k!K!$Aw?.$5$l$k%j%S%8%g%s$K@)8B$,2C$o$k!%(B

%It's perfectly safe to run the \hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email} command
%without the names of the people you want to send to: if you do this,
%it will just prompt you for those values interactively.  (If you're
%using a Linux or Unix-like system, you should have enhanced
%\texttt{readline}-style editing capabilities when entering those
%headers, too, which is useful.)

$BAw?.$7$?$$?MC#$NL>A0$r;XDj$;$:$K(B\hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}$B%3%^%s%I$r;H$C$F(B
$B$bA4$/0BA4$G$"$k!%$3$N>l9g!$BPOCE*$KF~NO$r5a$a$k!%(BLinux$B$^$?$O(BUnix$B7O$N%7%9(B
$B%F%`$r;H$C$F$$$l$P!$%X%C%@$NF~NO$K;H$$$d$9$$(B\texttt{readline}$B%9%?%$%k$NJT(B
$B=85!G=$rMxMQ$G$-$k(B

%When you are sending just one revision, the \hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}
%command will by default use the first line of the changeset
%description as the subject of the single email message it sends.

$B$?$@(B1$B$D$N%j%S%8%g%s$rAw$k>l9g!$(B\hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}$B%3%^%s%I$O%G%U%)(B
$B%k%H$G%A%'%s%8%;%C%H$N@bL@$N:G=i$N9T$r%a!<%k$N7oL>$H$7$FMQ$$$k!%(B

%If you send multiple revisions, the \hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email} command
%will usually send one message per changeset.  It will preface the
%series with an introductory message, in which you should describe the
%purpose of the series of changes you're sending.

$BJ#?t$N%j%S%8%g%s$rAw$k>l9g!$(B\hgxcmd{patchbomb}{email}$B%3%^%s%I$O(B1$B$D$N%A%'(B
$B%s%8%;%C%HKh$K(B1$BDL$N%a!<%k$rAw?.$9$k!%3+;O$N%a!<%k$K$O0lO"$NJQ99$NL\E*$r5-(B
$B=R$9$k@bL@J8$rIU$1$k!%(B


%\subsection{Changing the behaviour of patchbombs}
\subsection{patchbombs$B$N5sF0$rJQ99$9$k(B}

%Not every project has exactly the same conventions for sending changes
%in email; the \hgext{patchbomb} extension tries to accommodate a
%number of variations through command line options.

$BA4$F$N%W%m%8%'%/%H$,F1$8$h$&$J%a!<%k$K$h$kJQ99$NAwIU$N=,47$r;}$C$F$$$k$o(B
$B$1$G$O$J$$!%(B\hgext{patchbomb}$B3HD%$O%3%^%s%I%i%$%s%*%W%7%g%s$GMM!9$JJ}K!(B
$B$KBP1~$G$-$k$h$&$K$J$C$F$$$k!%(B

\begin{itemize}
%\item You can write a subject for the introductory message on the
%  command line using the \hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-s} option.  This
%  takes one argument, the text of the subject to use.
 \item $B%3%^%s%I%i%$%s$+$i(B\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-s}$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$C(B
       $B$F!$@bL@J8$K$J$k7oL>$rF~NO$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!%$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O7oL>$H(B
       $B$7$F;H$o$l$k%F%-%9%H$r0z?t$H$7$F<h$k!%(B

%\item To change the email address from which the messages originate,
%  use the \hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-f} option.  This takes one
%  argument, the email address to use.
 \item $B%a%C%;!<%8$NAw?.85$N%"%I%l%9$rJQ99$9$k$K$O(B
       \hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-f}$B%*%W%7%g%s$rMQ$$$k!%$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O(B
       $B%a!<%k%"%I%l%9$r0z?t$H$7$F<h$k!%(B

%\item The default behaviour is to send unified diffs (see
%  section~\ref{sec:mq:patch} for a description of the format), one per
%  message.  You can send a binary bundle instead with the
%  \hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-b} option.
 \item $B%G%U%)%k%H$G$O(B1$B%a%C%;!<%8Kh$K(Bunified$B7A<0(Bdiff$B$rAw?.$9$k!%!J$3$N%U%)!<(B
       $B%^%C%H$K$D$$$F$O(B\ref{sec:mq:patch}$B$r;2(B
       $B>H!%!K(B\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-b}$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$($P!$%P%$%J%j7A(B
       $B<0$N%G!<%?$rE:IU$9$k$3$H$b$G$-$k!%(B

%\item Unified diffs are normally prefaced with a metadata header.  You
%  can omit this, and send unadorned diffs, with the
%  \hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{--plain} option.
 \item unified$B7A<0(Bdiff$B$ODL>o%a%?%G!<%?$N%X%C%@$r;}(B
       $B$D!%(B\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{--plain}$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$&$3$H$G$3$l(B
       $B$r3d0&$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!%(B

%\item Diffs are normally sent ``inline'', in the same body part as the
%  description of a patch.  This makes it easiest for the largest
%  number of readers to quote and respond to parts of a diff, as some
%  mail clients will only quote the first MIME body part in a message.
%  If you'd prefer to send the description and the diff in separate
%  body parts, use the \hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-a} option.
 \item $BDL>o!$:9J,$O%Q%C%A$N@bL@$HF1$8%\%G%#$NCf$K(B``$B%$%s%i%$%s(B''$B$G=q$-9~$^(B
       $B$l$k!%$$$/$D$+$N%a!<%k%/%i%$%"%s%H$G$O:G=i$N(BMIME$B%Q!<%H$N$_$+$i0zMQ(B
       $B$,2DG=$J$?$a!$$3$&$9$k$3$H$,:G$bB?$/$N?M$K$H$C$F%Q%C%A$NFCDj$NItJ,(B
       $B$K%3%a%s%H$7$?$j$9$k$N$K9%ET9g$G$"$k!%@bL@J8$H(Bdiff$B$rJL$N%\%G%#%Q!<(B
       $B%H$K$7$FAw?.$7$?$$>l9g$O(B\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-a}$B%*%W%7%g%s$r(B
       $B;H$&!%(B

%\item Instead of sending mail messages, you can write them to an
%  \texttt{mbox}-format mail folder using the
%  \hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-m} option.  That option takes one
%  argument, the name of the file to write to.
 \item $B%a!<%k$G%a%C%;!<%8$rAw?.$9$kJQ$o$j(B
       $B$K!$(B\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-m}$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$C$F(B
       \texttt{mbox}$B%U%)!<%^%C%H$G=PNO$5$;$k$3$H$b2DG=$@!%(B
       $B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$O=PNO%U%!%$%kL>$r0l$D%*%W%7%g%s$H$7$F<h$k!%(B

%\item If you would like to add a \command{diffstat}-format summary to
%  each patch, and one to the introductory message, use the
%  \hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-d} option.  The \command{diffstat}
%  command displays a table containing the name of each file patched,
%  the number of lines affected, and a histogram showing how much each
%  file is modified.  This gives readers a qualitative glance at how
%  complex a patch is.
 \item \command{diffstat}$B%U%)!<%^%C%H$N%5%^%j$r3F!9$N%Q%C%A$KIU$1!$@bL@J8(B
       $B$rIU$1$?$$>l9g$O!$(B\hgxopt{patchbomb}{email}{-d}$B%*%W%7%g%s$r;H$&$H(B
       $BNI$$!%(B\command{diffstat}$B%3%^%s%I$O%Q%C%A$5$l$?3F!9$N%U%!%$%kL>!$1F(B
       $B6A$r<u$1$?9T?t!$3F%U%!%$%k$,$I$l$@$1JQ99$5$l$?$+$r<($9%R%9%H%0%i%`(B
       $B$r$r4^$`%F!<%V%k$rI=<($9$k!%$3$N>pJs$O!$%Q%C%A$NJ#;($5$K$D$$$FDj@-(B
       $BE*$JM}2r$rF@$k$N$KLrN)$D!%(B

\end{itemize}

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