annotate elbg.c @ 12223:93e27a5401de libavcodec

Convert VP8 macroblock structures to a ring buffer. Uses a slightly nonintuitive ring buffer size of (width+height*2) to simplify addressing logic. Also split out the segmentation map to a separate structure, necessary to implement the ring buffer.
author darkshikari
date Thu, 22 Jul 2010 11:45:18 +0000
parents 25e9cb2b9477
children
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1 /*
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2 * Copyright (C) 2007 Vitor Sessak <vitor1001@gmail.com>
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3 *
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4 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
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5 *
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6 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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7 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
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8 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
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9 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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10 *
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11 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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14 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
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15 *
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16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
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17 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
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18 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
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19 */
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20
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21 /**
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22 * @file
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23 * Codebook Generator using the ELBG algorithm
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24 */
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25
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26 #include <string.h>
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27
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28 #include "libavutil/lfg.h"
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29 #include "elbg.h"
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30 #include "avcodec.h"
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31
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32 #define DELTA_ERR_MAX 0.1 ///< Precision of the ELBG algorithm (as percentual error)
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33
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34 /**
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35 * In the ELBG jargon, a cell is the set of points that are closest to a
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36 * codebook entry. Not to be confused with a RoQ Video cell. */
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37 typedef struct cell_s {
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38 int index;
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39 struct cell_s *next;
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40 } cell;
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41
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42 /**
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43 * ELBG internal data
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44 */
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45 typedef struct{
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46 int error;
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47 int dim;
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48 int numCB;
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49 int *codebook;
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50 cell **cells;
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51 int *utility;
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52 int *utility_inc;
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53 int *nearest_cb;
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54 int *points;
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55 AVLFG *rand_state;
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56 int *scratchbuf;
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57 } elbg_data;
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58
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59 static inline int distance_limited(int *a, int *b, int dim, int limit)
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60 {
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61 int i, dist=0;
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62 for (i=0; i<dim; i++) {
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63 dist += (a[i] - b[i])*(a[i] - b[i]);
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64 if (dist > limit)
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65 return INT_MAX;
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66 }
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67
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68 return dist;
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69 }
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70
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71 static inline void vect_division(int *res, int *vect, int div, int dim)
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72 {
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73 int i;
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74 if (div > 1)
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75 for (i=0; i<dim; i++)
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76 res[i] = ROUNDED_DIV(vect[i],div);
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77 else if (res != vect)
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78 memcpy(res, vect, dim*sizeof(int));
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79
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80 }
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81
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82 static int eval_error_cell(elbg_data *elbg, int *centroid, cell *cells)
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83 {
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84 int error=0;
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85 for (; cells; cells=cells->next)
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86 error += distance_limited(centroid, elbg->points + cells->index*elbg->dim, elbg->dim, INT_MAX);
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87
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88 return error;
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89 }
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90
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91 static int get_closest_codebook(elbg_data *elbg, int index)
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92 {
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93 int i, pick=0, diff, diff_min = INT_MAX;
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94 for (i=0; i<elbg->numCB; i++)
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95 if (i != index) {
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96 diff = distance_limited(elbg->codebook + i*elbg->dim, elbg->codebook + index*elbg->dim, elbg->dim, diff_min);
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97 if (diff < diff_min) {
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98 pick = i;
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99 diff_min = diff;
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100 }
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101 }
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102 return pick;
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103 }
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104
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105 static int get_high_utility_cell(elbg_data *elbg)
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106 {
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107 int i=0;
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108 /* Using linear search, do binary if it ever turns to be speed critical */
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109 int r = av_lfg_get(elbg->rand_state)%elbg->utility_inc[elbg->numCB-1] + 1;
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110 while (elbg->utility_inc[i] < r)
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111 i++;
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112
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113 assert(!elbg->cells[i]);
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114
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115 return i;
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116 }
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117
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118 /**
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119 * Implementation of the simple LBG algorithm for just two codebooks
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120 */
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121 static int simple_lbg(elbg_data *elbg,
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122 int dim,
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123 int *centroid[3],
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124 int newutility[3],
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125 int *points,
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126 cell *cells)
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127 {
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128 int i, idx;
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129 int numpoints[2] = {0,0};
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130 int *newcentroid[2] = {
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131 elbg->scratchbuf + 3*dim,
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132 elbg->scratchbuf + 4*dim
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133 };
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134 cell *tempcell;
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135
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136 memset(newcentroid[0], 0, 2 * dim * sizeof(*newcentroid[0]));
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137
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138 newutility[0] =
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139 newutility[1] = 0;
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140
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141 for (tempcell = cells; tempcell; tempcell=tempcell->next) {
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142 idx = distance_limited(centroid[0], points + tempcell->index*dim, dim, INT_MAX)>=
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143 distance_limited(centroid[1], points + tempcell->index*dim, dim, INT_MAX);
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144 numpoints[idx]++;
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145 for (i=0; i<dim; i++)
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146 newcentroid[idx][i] += points[tempcell->index*dim + i];
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147 }
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148
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149 vect_division(centroid[0], newcentroid[0], numpoints[0], dim);
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150 vect_division(centroid[1], newcentroid[1], numpoints[1], dim);
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151
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152 for (tempcell = cells; tempcell; tempcell=tempcell->next) {
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153 int dist[2] = {distance_limited(centroid[0], points + tempcell->index*dim, dim, INT_MAX),
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154 distance_limited(centroid[1], points + tempcell->index*dim, dim, INT_MAX)};
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155 int idx = dist[0] > dist[1];
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156 newutility[idx] += dist[idx];
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157 }
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158
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159 return newutility[0] + newutility[1];
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160 }
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161
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162 static void get_new_centroids(elbg_data *elbg, int huc, int *newcentroid_i,
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163 int *newcentroid_p)
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164 {
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165 cell *tempcell;
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166 int *min = newcentroid_i;
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167 int *max = newcentroid_p;
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168 int i;
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169
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170 for (i=0; i< elbg->dim; i++) {
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171 min[i]=INT_MAX;
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172 max[i]=0;
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173 }
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174
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175 for (tempcell = elbg->cells[huc]; tempcell; tempcell = tempcell->next)
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176 for(i=0; i<elbg->dim; i++) {
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177 min[i]=FFMIN(min[i], elbg->points[tempcell->index*elbg->dim + i]);
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178 max[i]=FFMAX(max[i], elbg->points[tempcell->index*elbg->dim + i]);
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179 }
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180
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181 for (i=0; i<elbg->dim; i++) {
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182 int ni = min[i] + (max[i] - min[i])/3;
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183 int np = min[i] + (2*(max[i] - min[i]))/3;
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184 newcentroid_i[i] = ni;
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185 newcentroid_p[i] = np;
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186 }
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187 }
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188
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189 /**
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190 * Add the points in the low utility cell to its closest cell. Split the high
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191 * utility cell, putting the separed points in the (now empty) low utility
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192 * cell.
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193 *
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194 * @param elbg Internal elbg data
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195 * @param indexes {luc, huc, cluc}
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196 * @param newcentroid A vector with the position of the new centroids
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197 */
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198 static void shift_codebook(elbg_data *elbg, int *indexes,
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199 int *newcentroid[3])
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200 {
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201 cell *tempdata;
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202 cell **pp = &elbg->cells[indexes[2]];
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203
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204 while(*pp)
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205 pp= &(*pp)->next;
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206
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207 *pp = elbg->cells[indexes[0]];
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208
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209 elbg->cells[indexes[0]] = NULL;
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210 tempdata = elbg->cells[indexes[1]];
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211 elbg->cells[indexes[1]] = NULL;
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212
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213 while(tempdata) {
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214 cell *tempcell2 = tempdata->next;
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215 int idx = distance_limited(elbg->points + tempdata->index*elbg->dim,
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216 newcentroid[0], elbg->dim, INT_MAX) >
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217 distance_limited(elbg->points + tempdata->index*elbg->dim,
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218 newcentroid[1], elbg->dim, INT_MAX);
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219
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220 tempdata->next = elbg->cells[indexes[idx]];
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221 elbg->cells[indexes[idx]] = tempdata;
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222 tempdata = tempcell2;
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223 }
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224 }
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225
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226 static void evaluate_utility_inc(elbg_data *elbg)
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227 {
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228 int i, inc=0;
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229
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230 for (i=0; i < elbg->numCB; i++) {
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231 if (elbg->numCB*elbg->utility[i] > elbg->error)
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232 inc += elbg->utility[i];
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233 elbg->utility_inc[i] = inc;
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234 }
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235 }
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236
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237
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238 static void update_utility_and_n_cb(elbg_data *elbg, int idx, int newutility)
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239 {
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240 cell *tempcell;
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241
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242 elbg->utility[idx] = newutility;
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243 for (tempcell=elbg->cells[idx]; tempcell; tempcell=tempcell->next)
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244 elbg->nearest_cb[tempcell->index] = idx;
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245 }
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246
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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247 /**
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248 * Evaluate if a shift lower the error. If it does, call shift_codebooks
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249 * and update elbg->error, elbg->utility and elbg->nearest_cb.
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250 *
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251 * @param elbg Internal elbg data
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252 * @param idx {luc (low utility cell, huc (high utility cell), cluc (closest cell to low utility cell)}
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253 */
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254 static void try_shift_candidate(elbg_data *elbg, int idx[3])
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255 {
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256 int j, k, olderror=0, newerror, cont=0;
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257 int newutility[3];
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258 int *newcentroid[3] = {
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259 elbg->scratchbuf,
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260 elbg->scratchbuf + elbg->dim,
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261 elbg->scratchbuf + 2*elbg->dim
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262 };
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263 cell *tempcell;
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264
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265 for (j=0; j<3; j++)
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266 olderror += elbg->utility[idx[j]];
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267
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268 memset(newcentroid[2], 0, elbg->dim*sizeof(int));
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269
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270 for (k=0; k<2; k++)
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271 for (tempcell=elbg->cells[idx[2*k]]; tempcell; tempcell=tempcell->next) {
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272 cont++;
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273 for (j=0; j<elbg->dim; j++)
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274 newcentroid[2][j] += elbg->points[tempcell->index*elbg->dim + j];
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275 }
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276
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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277 vect_division(newcentroid[2], newcentroid[2], cont, elbg->dim);
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278
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279 get_new_centroids(elbg, idx[1], newcentroid[0], newcentroid[1]);
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280
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281 newutility[2] = eval_error_cell(elbg, newcentroid[2], elbg->cells[idx[0]]);
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282 newutility[2] += eval_error_cell(elbg, newcentroid[2], elbg->cells[idx[2]]);
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283
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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284 newerror = newutility[2];
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285
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286 newerror += simple_lbg(elbg, elbg->dim, newcentroid, newutility, elbg->points,
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287 elbg->cells[idx[1]]);
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288
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289 if (olderror > newerror) {
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290 shift_codebook(elbg, idx, newcentroid);
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291
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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292 elbg->error += newerror - olderror;
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293
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294 for (j=0; j<3; j++)
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295 update_utility_and_n_cb(elbg, idx[j], newutility[j]);
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296
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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297 evaluate_utility_inc(elbg);
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298 }
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299 }
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300
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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301 /**
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302 * Implementation of the ELBG block
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303 */
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304 static void do_shiftings(elbg_data *elbg)
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305 {
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306 int idx[3];
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307
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308 evaluate_utility_inc(elbg);
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309
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310 for (idx[0]=0; idx[0] < elbg->numCB; idx[0]++)
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311 if (elbg->numCB*elbg->utility[idx[0]] < elbg->error) {
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312 if (elbg->utility_inc[elbg->numCB-1] == 0)
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313 return;
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314
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315 idx[1] = get_high_utility_cell(elbg);
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316 idx[2] = get_closest_codebook(elbg, idx[0]);
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317
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318 if (idx[1] != idx[0] && idx[1] != idx[2])
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319 try_shift_candidate(elbg, idx);
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320 }
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321 }
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322
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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323 #define BIG_PRIME 433494437LL
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324
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325 void ff_init_elbg(int *points, int dim, int numpoints, int *codebook,
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326 int numCB, int max_steps, int *closest_cb,
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327 AVLFG *rand_state)
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328 {
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329 int i, k;
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330
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331 if (numpoints > 24*numCB) {
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332 /* ELBG is very costly for a big number of points. So if we have a lot
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333 of them, get a good initial codebook to save on iterations */
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334 int *temp_points = av_malloc(dim*(numpoints/8)*sizeof(int));
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335 for (i=0; i<numpoints/8; i++) {
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336 k = (i*BIG_PRIME) % numpoints;
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337 memcpy(temp_points + i*dim, points + k*dim, dim*sizeof(int));
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338 }
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339
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340 ff_init_elbg(temp_points, dim, numpoints/8, codebook, numCB, 2*max_steps, closest_cb, rand_state);
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341 ff_do_elbg(temp_points, dim, numpoints/8, codebook, numCB, 2*max_steps, closest_cb, rand_state);
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342
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343 av_free(temp_points);
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344
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345 } else // If not, initialize the codebook with random positions
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346 for (i=0; i < numCB; i++)
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347 memcpy(codebook + i*dim, points + ((i*BIG_PRIME)%numpoints)*dim,
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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348 dim*sizeof(int));
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349
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350 }
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351
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352 void ff_do_elbg(int *points, int dim, int numpoints, int *codebook,
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353 int numCB, int max_steps, int *closest_cb,
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354 AVLFG *rand_state)
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355 {
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356 int dist;
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357 elbg_data elbg_d;
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358 elbg_data *elbg = &elbg_d;
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359 int i, j, k, last_error, steps=0;
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360 int *dist_cb = av_malloc(numpoints*sizeof(int));
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361 int *size_part = av_malloc(numCB*sizeof(int));
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362 cell *list_buffer = av_malloc(numpoints*sizeof(cell));
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363 cell *free_cells;
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a4842fc20ac8 Small ELBG optimization: use last pixel as a initial guess for the codebook
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364 int best_dist, best_idx = 0;
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365
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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366 elbg->error = INT_MAX;
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367 elbg->dim = dim;
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368 elbg->numCB = numCB;
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369 elbg->codebook = codebook;
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370 elbg->cells = av_malloc(numCB*sizeof(cell *));
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371 elbg->utility = av_malloc(numCB*sizeof(int));
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372 elbg->nearest_cb = closest_cb;
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373 elbg->points = points;
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374 elbg->utility_inc = av_malloc(numCB*sizeof(int));
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375 elbg->scratchbuf = av_malloc(5*dim*sizeof(int));
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376
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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377 elbg->rand_state = rand_state;
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378
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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379 do {
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380 free_cells = list_buffer;
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381 last_error = elbg->error;
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382 steps++;
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383 memset(elbg->utility, 0, numCB*sizeof(int));
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384 memset(elbg->cells, 0, numCB*sizeof(cell *));
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385
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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386 elbg->error = 0;
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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387
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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388 /* This loop evaluate the actual Voronoi partition. It is the most
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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389 costly part of the algorithm. */
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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390 for (i=0; i < numpoints; i++) {
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a4842fc20ac8 Small ELBG optimization: use last pixel as a initial guess for the codebook
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391 best_dist = distance_limited(elbg->points + i*elbg->dim, elbg->codebook + best_idx*elbg->dim, dim, INT_MAX);
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ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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392 for (k=0; k < elbg->numCB; k++) {
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a4842fc20ac8 Small ELBG optimization: use last pixel as a initial guess for the codebook
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393 dist = distance_limited(elbg->points + i*elbg->dim, elbg->codebook + k*elbg->dim, dim, best_dist);
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394 if (dist < best_dist) {
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395 best_dist = dist;
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396 best_idx = k;
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ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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397 }
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398 }
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a4842fc20ac8 Small ELBG optimization: use last pixel as a initial guess for the codebook
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399 elbg->nearest_cb[i] = best_idx;
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400 dist_cb[i] = best_dist;
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ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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401 elbg->error += dist_cb[i];
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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402 elbg->utility[elbg->nearest_cb[i]] += dist_cb[i];
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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403 free_cells->index = i;
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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404 free_cells->next = elbg->cells[elbg->nearest_cb[i]];
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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405 elbg->cells[elbg->nearest_cb[i]] = free_cells;
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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406 free_cells++;
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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407 }
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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408
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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409 do_shiftings(elbg);
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410
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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411 memset(size_part, 0, numCB*sizeof(int));
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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412
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413 memset(elbg->codebook, 0, elbg->numCB*dim*sizeof(int));
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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414
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415 for (i=0; i < numpoints; i++) {
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416 size_part[elbg->nearest_cb[i]]++;
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417 for (j=0; j < elbg->dim; j++)
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418 elbg->codebook[elbg->nearest_cb[i]*elbg->dim + j] +=
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419 elbg->points[i*elbg->dim + j];
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420 }
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421
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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422 for (i=0; i < elbg->numCB; i++)
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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423 vect_division(elbg->codebook + i*elbg->dim,
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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424 elbg->codebook + i*elbg->dim, size_part[i], elbg->dim);
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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425
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426 } while(((last_error - elbg->error) > DELTA_ERR_MAX*elbg->error) &&
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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427 (steps < max_steps));
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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428
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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429 av_free(dist_cb);
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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430 av_free(size_part);
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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431 av_free(elbg->utility);
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432 av_free(list_buffer);
ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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433 av_free(elbg->cells);
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434 av_free(elbg->utility_inc);
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d94cbfa7a170 elbg: remove VLAs
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435 av_free(elbg->scratchbuf);
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ed41cfae128d Codebook generator using the ELBG algorithm
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436 }