annotate dv1394.h @ 1621:2f3091d284f8 libavformat

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author diego
date Sat, 06 Jan 2007 23:54:01 +0000
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1 /*
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2 * dv1394.h - DV input/output over IEEE 1394 on OHCI chips
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3 * Copyright (C)2001 Daniel Maas <dmaas@dcine.com>
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4 * receive, proc_fs by Dan Dennedy <dan@dennedy.org>
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5 *
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6 * based on:
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7 * video1394.h - driver for OHCI 1394 boards
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8 * Copyright (C)1999,2000 Sebastien Rougeaux <sebastien.rougeaux@anu.edu.au>
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9 * Peter Schlaile <udbz@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
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10 *
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11 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
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12 *
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13 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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14 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
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15 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
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16 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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17 *
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18 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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19 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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20 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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21 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
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22 *
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23 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
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24 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
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25 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
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26 *
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27 */
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28
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29 #ifndef _DV_1394_H
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30 #define _DV_1394_H
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31
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32 #define DV1394_DEFAULT_CHANNEL 63
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33 #define DV1394_DEFAULT_CARD 0
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34 #define DV1394_RING_FRAMES 20
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35
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36 #define DV1394_WIDTH 720
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37 #define DV1394_NTSC_HEIGHT 480
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38 #define DV1394_PAL_HEIGHT 576
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39
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40 /* This is the public user-space interface. Try not to break it. */
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41
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42 #define DV1394_API_VERSION 0x20011127
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43
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44 /* ********************
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45 ** **
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46 ** DV1394 API **
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47 ** **
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48 ********************
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49
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50 There are two methods of operating the DV1394 DV output device.
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51
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52 1)
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53
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54 The simplest is an interface based on write(): simply write
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55 full DV frames of data to the device, and they will be transmitted
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56 as quickly as possible. The FD may be set for non-blocking I/O,
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57 in which case you can use select() or poll() to wait for output
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58 buffer space.
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59
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60 To set the DV output parameters (e.g. whether you want NTSC or PAL
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61 video), use the DV1394_INIT ioctl, passing in the parameters you
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62 want in a struct dv1394_init.
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63
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64 Example 1:
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65 To play a raw .DV file: cat foo.DV > /dev/dv1394
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66 (cat will use write() internally)
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67
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68 Example 2:
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69 static struct dv1394_init init = {
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70 0x63, (broadcast channel)
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71 4, (four-frame ringbuffer)
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72 DV1394_NTSC, (send NTSC video)
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73 0, 0 (default empty packet rate)
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74 }
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75
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76 ioctl(fd, DV1394_INIT, &init);
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77
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78 while(1) {
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79 read( <a raw DV file>, buf, DV1394_NTSC_FRAME_SIZE );
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80 write( <the dv1394 FD>, buf, DV1394_NTSC_FRAME_SIZE );
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81 }
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82
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83 2)
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84
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85 For more control over buffering, and to avoid unnecessary copies
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86 of the DV data, you can use the more sophisticated the mmap() interface.
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87 First, call the DV1394_INIT ioctl to specify your parameters,
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88 including the number of frames in the ringbuffer. Then, calling mmap()
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89 on the dv1394 device will give you direct access to the ringbuffer
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90 from which the DV card reads your frame data.
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91
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92 The ringbuffer is simply one large, contiguous region of memory
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93 containing two or more frames of packed DV data. Each frame of DV data
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94 is 120000 bytes (NTSC) or 144000 bytes (PAL).
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95
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96 Fill one or more frames in the ringbuffer, then use the DV1394_SUBMIT_FRAMES
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97 ioctl to begin I/O. You can use either the DV1394_WAIT_FRAMES ioctl
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98 or select()/poll() to wait until the frames are transmitted. Next, you'll
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99 need to call the DV1394_GET_STATUS ioctl to determine which ringbuffer
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100 frames are clear (ready to be filled with new DV data). Finally, use
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101 DV1394_SUBMIT_FRAMES again to send the new data to the DV output.
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102
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103
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104 Example: here is what a four-frame ringbuffer might look like
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105 during DV transmission:
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106
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107
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108 frame 0 frame 1 frame 2 frame 3
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109
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110 *--------------------------------------*
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111 | CLEAR | DV data | DV data | CLEAR |
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112 *--------------------------------------*
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113 <ACTIVE>
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114
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115 transmission goes in this direction --->>>
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116
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117
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118 The DV hardware is currently transmitting the data in frame 1.
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119 Once frame 1 is finished, it will automatically transmit frame 2.
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120 (if frame 2 finishes before frame 3 is submitted, the device
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121 will continue to transmit frame 2, and will increase the dropped_frames
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122 counter each time it repeats the transmission).
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123
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124
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125 If you called DV1394_GET_STATUS at this instant, you would
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126 receive the following values:
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127
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128 n_frames = 4
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129 active_frame = 1
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130 first_clear_frame = 3
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131 n_clear_frames = 2
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132
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133 At this point, you should write new DV data into frame 3 and optionally
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134 frame 0. Then call DV1394_SUBMIT_FRAMES to inform the device that
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135 it may transmit the new frames.
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136
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137 ERROR HANDLING
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138
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139 An error (buffer underflow/overflow or a break in the DV stream due
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140 to a 1394 bus reset) can be detected by checking the dropped_frames
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141 field of struct dv1394_status (obtained through the
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142 DV1394_GET_STATUS ioctl).
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143
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144 The best way to recover from such an error is to re-initialize
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145 dv1394, either by using the DV1394_INIT ioctl call, or closing the
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146 file descriptor and opening it again. (note that you must unmap all
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147 ringbuffer mappings when closing the file descriptor, or else
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148 dv1394 will still be considered 'in use').
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149
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150 MAIN LOOP
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151
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152 For maximum efficiency and robustness against bus errors, you are
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153 advised to model the main loop of your application after the
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154 following pseudo-code example:
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155
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156 (checks of system call return values omitted for brevity; always
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157 check return values in your code!)
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158
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159 while( frames left ) {
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160
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161 struct pollfd *pfd = ...;
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162
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163 pfd->fd = dv1394_fd;
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164 pfd->revents = 0;
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165 pfd->events = POLLOUT | POLLIN; (OUT for transmit, IN for receive)
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166
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167 (add other sources of I/O here)
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168
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169 poll(pfd, 1, -1); (or select(); add a timeout if you want)
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170
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171 if(pfd->revents) {
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172 struct dv1394_status status;
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173
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174 ioctl(dv1394_fd, DV1394_GET_STATUS, &status);
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175
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176 if(status.dropped_frames > 0) {
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177 reset_dv1394();
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178 } else {
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179 for(int i = 0; i < status.n_clear_frames; i++) {
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180 copy_DV_frame();
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181 }
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182 }
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183 }
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184 }
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185
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186 where copy_DV_frame() reads or writes on the dv1394 file descriptor
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187 (read/write mode) or copies data to/from the mmap ringbuffer and
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188 then calls ioctl(DV1394_SUBMIT_FRAMES) to notify dv1394 that new
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189 frames are availble (mmap mode).
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190
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191 reset_dv1394() is called in the event of a buffer
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192 underflow/overflow or a halt in the DV stream (e.g. due to a 1394
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193 bus reset). To guarantee recovery from the error, this function
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194 should close the dv1394 file descriptor (and munmap() all
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195 ringbuffer mappings, if you are using them), then re-open the
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196 dv1394 device (and re-map the ringbuffer).
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197
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198 */
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199
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200
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201 /* maximum number of frames in the ringbuffer */
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202 #define DV1394_MAX_FRAMES 32
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203
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204 /* number of *full* isochronous packets per DV frame */
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205 #define DV1394_NTSC_PACKETS_PER_FRAME 250
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206 #define DV1394_PAL_PACKETS_PER_FRAME 300
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207
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208 /* size of one frame's worth of DV data, in bytes */
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209 #define DV1394_NTSC_FRAME_SIZE (480 * DV1394_NTSC_PACKETS_PER_FRAME)
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210 #define DV1394_PAL_FRAME_SIZE (480 * DV1394_PAL_PACKETS_PER_FRAME)
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211
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212
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213 /* ioctl() commands */
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214
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215 enum {
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216 /* I don't like using 0 as a valid ioctl() */
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217 DV1394_INVALID = 0,
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218
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219
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220 /* get the driver ready to transmit video.
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221 pass a struct dv1394_init* as the parameter (see below),
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222 or NULL to get default parameters */
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223 DV1394_INIT,
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224
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225
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226 /* stop transmitting video and free the ringbuffer */
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227 DV1394_SHUTDOWN,
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228
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229
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230 /* submit N new frames to be transmitted, where
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231 the index of the first new frame is first_clear_buffer,
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232 and the index of the last new frame is
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233 (first_clear_buffer + N) % n_frames */
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234 DV1394_SUBMIT_FRAMES,
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235
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236
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237 /* block until N buffers are clear (pass N as the parameter)
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238 Because we re-transmit the last frame on underrun, there
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239 will at most be n_frames - 1 clear frames at any time */
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240 DV1394_WAIT_FRAMES,
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241
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242 /* capture new frames that have been received, where
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243 the index of the first new frame is first_clear_buffer,
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244 and the index of the last new frame is
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245 (first_clear_buffer + N) % n_frames */
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246 DV1394_RECEIVE_FRAMES,
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247
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248
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249 DV1394_START_RECEIVE,
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250
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251
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252 /* pass a struct dv1394_status* as the parameter (see below) */
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253 DV1394_GET_STATUS,
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254 };
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255
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256
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257
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258 enum pal_or_ntsc {
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259 DV1394_NTSC = 0,
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260 DV1394_PAL
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261 };
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262
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263
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264
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265
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266 /* this is the argument to DV1394_INIT */
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267 struct dv1394_init {
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268 /* DV1394_API_VERSION */
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269 unsigned int api_version;
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270
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271 /* isochronous transmission channel to use */
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272 unsigned int channel;
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273
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274 /* number of frames in the ringbuffer. Must be at least 2
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275 and at most DV1394_MAX_FRAMES. */
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276 unsigned int n_frames;
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277
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278 /* send/receive PAL or NTSC video format */
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279 enum pal_or_ntsc format;
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280
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281 /* the following are used only for transmission */
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282
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283 /* set these to zero unless you want a
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284 non-default empty packet rate (see below) */
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285 unsigned long cip_n;
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286 unsigned long cip_d;
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287
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288 /* set this to zero unless you want a
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289 non-default SYT cycle offset (default = 3 cycles) */
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290 unsigned int syt_offset;
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291 };
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292
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293 /* NOTE: you may only allocate the DV frame ringbuffer once each time
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294 you open the dv1394 device. DV1394_INIT will fail if you call it a
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295 second time with different 'n_frames' or 'format' arguments (which
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296 would imply a different size for the ringbuffer). If you need a
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297 different buffer size, simply close and re-open the device, then
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298 initialize it with your new settings. */
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299
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300 /* Q: What are cip_n and cip_d? */
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301
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302 /*
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303 A: DV video streams do not utilize 100% of the potential bandwidth offered
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304 by IEEE 1394 (FireWire). To achieve the correct rate of data transmission,
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305 DV devices must periodically insert empty packets into the 1394 data stream.
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306 Typically there is one empty packet per 14-16 data-carrying packets.
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307
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308 Some DV devices will accept a wide range of empty packet rates, while others
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309 require a precise rate. If the dv1394 driver produces empty packets at
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310 a rate that your device does not accept, you may see ugly patterns on the
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311 DV output, or even no output at all.
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312
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313 The default empty packet insertion rate seems to work for many people; if
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314 your DV output is stable, you can simply ignore this discussion. However,
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315 we have exposed the empty packet rate as a parameter to support devices that
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316 do not work with the default rate.
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317
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318 The decision to insert an empty packet is made with a numerator/denominator
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319 algorithm. Empty packets are produced at an average rate of CIP_N / CIP_D.
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320 You can alter the empty packet rate by passing non-zero values for cip_n
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321 and cip_d to the INIT ioctl.
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322
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323 */
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324
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325
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326
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327 struct dv1394_status {
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328 /* this embedded init struct returns the current dv1394
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329 parameters in use */
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330 struct dv1394_init init;
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331
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332 /* the ringbuffer frame that is currently being
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333 displayed. (-1 if the device is not transmitting anything) */
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334 int active_frame;
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335
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336 /* index of the first buffer (ahead of active_frame) that
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337 is ready to be filled with data */
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338 unsigned int first_clear_frame;
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339
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340 /* how many buffers, including first_clear_buffer, are
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341 ready to be filled with data */
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342 unsigned int n_clear_frames;
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343
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344 /* how many times the DV stream has underflowed, overflowed,
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345 or otherwise encountered an error, since the previous call
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346 to DV1394_GET_STATUS */
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347 unsigned int dropped_frames;
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348
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349 /* N.B. The dropped_frames counter is only a lower bound on the actual
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350 number of dropped frames, with the special case that if dropped_frames
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351 is zero, then it is guaranteed that NO frames have been dropped
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352 since the last call to DV1394_GET_STATUS.
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353 */
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354 };
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355
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356
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357 #endif /* _DV_1394_H */