view nutenc.c @ 4723:a2390c6a35e6 libavformat

Fix index generation in the way that it was supposed to be used. See the discussion in the ML thread "[PATCH] rmdec.c: merge old/new packet reading code". Over time, this code broke somewhat, e.g. seq was never actually written into (and was thus always 1, therefore the seq condition was always true), whereas it was supposed to be set to the sequence number of the video slice in case the video frame is divided over multiple RM packets (slices). The problem of this is that packets other than those containing the beginning of a video frame would be indexed as well. Secondly, flags&2 is supposed to be true for video keyframes and for these audio packets containing the start of a block. For some codecs (e.g. AAC), that is every single packet, whereas for others (e.g. cook), that is the packet containing the first of a series of scrambled packets that are to be descrambled together. Indexing any of the following would lead to incomplete and thus useless frames. Problem here is that flags would be reset to 2 to indicate that the first packet is ready to be returned, and in addition if no data was left to be returned (which is always true for the first packet), then we wouldn't actually write the index entry anyway. All in all, the idea was good and it probably worked at some point, but that is long ago. This patch should at the very least make it likely for this code to be executed again at the right times, i.e. the way it was originally intended to be used.

/*
 * nut muxer
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2007 Michael Niedermayer
 *
 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
 *
 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
#include "libavutil/tree.h"
#include "libavcodec/mpegaudiodata.h"
#include "nut.h"

static int find_expected_header(AVCodecContext *c, int size, int key_frame, uint8_t out[64]){
    int sample_rate= c->sample_rate;

    if(size>4096)
        return 0;

    AV_WB24(out, 1);

    if(c->codec_id == CODEC_ID_MPEG4){
        if(key_frame){
            return 3;
        }else{
            out[3]= 0xB6;
            return 4;
        }
    }else if(c->codec_id == CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO || c->codec_id == CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO){
        return 3;
    }else if(c->codec_id == CODEC_ID_H264){
        return 3;
    }else if(c->codec_id == CODEC_ID_MP3 || c->codec_id == CODEC_ID_MP2){
        int lsf, mpeg25, sample_rate_index, bitrate_index, frame_size;
        int layer= c->codec_id == CODEC_ID_MP3 ? 3 : 2;
        unsigned int header= 0xFFF00000;

        lsf     = sample_rate < (24000+32000)/2;
        mpeg25  = sample_rate < (12000+16000)/2;
        sample_rate <<= lsf + mpeg25;
        if     (sample_rate < (32000 + 44100)/2) sample_rate_index=2;
        else if(sample_rate < (44100 + 48000)/2) sample_rate_index=0;
        else                                     sample_rate_index=1;

        sample_rate= ff_mpa_freq_tab[sample_rate_index] >> (lsf + mpeg25);

        for(bitrate_index=2; bitrate_index<30; bitrate_index++){
            frame_size = ff_mpa_bitrate_tab[lsf][layer-1][bitrate_index>>1];
            frame_size = (frame_size * 144000) / (sample_rate << lsf) + (bitrate_index&1);

            if(frame_size == size)
                break;
        }

        header |= (!lsf)<<19;
        header |= (4-layer)<<17;
        header |= 1<<16; //no crc
        AV_WB32(out, header);
        if(size <= 0)
            return 2; //we guess there is no crc, if there is one the user clearly does not care about overhead
        if(bitrate_index == 30)
            return -1; //something is wrong ...

        header |= (bitrate_index>>1)<<12;
        header |= sample_rate_index<<10;
        header |= (bitrate_index&1)<<9;

        return 2; //FIXME actually put the needed ones in build_elision_headers()
        return 3; //we guess that the private bit is not set
//FIXME the above assumptions should be checked, if these turn out false too often something should be done
    }
    return 0;
}

static int find_header_idx(AVFormatContext *s, AVCodecContext *c, int size, int frame_type){
    NUTContext *nut = s->priv_data;
    uint8_t out[64];
    int i;
    int len= find_expected_header(c, size, frame_type, out);

//av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "expected_h len=%d size=%d codec_id=%d\n", len, size, c->codec_id);

    for(i=1; i<nut->header_count; i++){
        if(   len == nut->header_len[i]
           && !memcmp(out, nut->header[i], len)){
//    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "found %d\n", i);
            return i;
        }
    }
//    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "nothing found\n");
    return 0;
}

static void build_elision_headers(AVFormatContext *s){
    NUTContext *nut = s->priv_data;
    int i;
    //FIXME this is lame
    //FIXME write a 2pass mode to find the maximal headers
    static const uint8_t headers[][5]={
        {3, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01},
        {4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0xB6},
        {2, 0xFF, 0xFA}, //mp3+crc
        {2, 0xFF, 0xFB}, //mp3
        {2, 0xFF, 0xFC}, //mp2+crc
        {2, 0xFF, 0xFD}, //mp2
    };

    nut->header_count= 7;
    for(i=1; i<nut->header_count; i++){
        nut->header_len[i]=  headers[i-1][0];
        nut->header    [i]= &headers[i-1][1];
    }
}

static void build_frame_code(AVFormatContext *s){
    NUTContext *nut = s->priv_data;
    int key_frame, index, pred, stream_id;
    int start=1;
    int end= 254;
    int keyframe_0_esc= s->nb_streams > 2;
    int pred_table[10];
    FrameCode *ft;

    ft= &nut->frame_code[start];
    ft->flags= FLAG_CODED;
    ft->size_mul=1;
    ft->pts_delta=1;
    start++;

    if(keyframe_0_esc){
        /* keyframe = 0 escape */
        FrameCode *ft= &nut->frame_code[start];
        ft->flags= FLAG_STREAM_ID | FLAG_SIZE_MSB | FLAG_CODED_PTS;
        ft->size_mul=1;
        start++;
    }

    for(stream_id= 0; stream_id<s->nb_streams; stream_id++){
        int start2= start + (end-start)*stream_id / s->nb_streams;
        int end2  = start + (end-start)*(stream_id+1) / s->nb_streams;
        AVCodecContext *codec = s->streams[stream_id]->codec;
        int is_audio= codec->codec_type == CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO;
        int intra_only= /*codec->intra_only || */is_audio;
        int pred_count;

        for(key_frame=0; key_frame<2; key_frame++){
            if(intra_only && keyframe_0_esc && key_frame==0)
                continue;

            {
                FrameCode *ft= &nut->frame_code[start2];
                ft->flags= FLAG_KEY*key_frame;
                ft->flags|= FLAG_SIZE_MSB | FLAG_CODED_PTS;
                ft->stream_id= stream_id;
                ft->size_mul=1;
                if(is_audio)
                    ft->header_idx= find_header_idx(s, codec, -1, key_frame);
                start2++;
            }
        }

        key_frame= intra_only;
#if 1
        if(is_audio){
            int frame_bytes= codec->frame_size*(int64_t)codec->bit_rate / (8*codec->sample_rate);
            int pts;
            for(pts=0; pts<2; pts++){
                for(pred=0; pred<2; pred++){
                    FrameCode *ft= &nut->frame_code[start2];
                    ft->flags= FLAG_KEY*key_frame;
                    ft->stream_id= stream_id;
                    ft->size_mul=frame_bytes + 2;
                    ft->size_lsb=frame_bytes + pred;
                    ft->pts_delta=pts;
                    ft->header_idx= find_header_idx(s, codec, frame_bytes + pred, key_frame);
                    start2++;
                }
            }
        }else{
            FrameCode *ft= &nut->frame_code[start2];
            ft->flags= FLAG_KEY | FLAG_SIZE_MSB;
            ft->stream_id= stream_id;
            ft->size_mul=1;
            ft->pts_delta=1;
            start2++;
        }
#endif

        if(codec->has_b_frames){
            pred_count=5;
            pred_table[0]=-2;
            pred_table[1]=-1;
            pred_table[2]=1;
            pred_table[3]=3;
            pred_table[4]=4;
        }else if(codec->codec_id == CODEC_ID_VORBIS){
            pred_count=3;
            pred_table[0]=2;
            pred_table[1]=9;
            pred_table[2]=16;
        }else{
            pred_count=1;
            pred_table[0]=1;
        }

        for(pred=0; pred<pred_count; pred++){
            int start3= start2 + (end2-start2)*pred / pred_count;
            int end3  = start2 + (end2-start2)*(pred+1) / pred_count;

            for(index=start3; index<end3; index++){
                FrameCode *ft= &nut->frame_code[index];
                ft->flags= FLAG_KEY*key_frame;
                ft->flags|= FLAG_SIZE_MSB;
                ft->stream_id= stream_id;
//FIXME use single byte size and pred from last
                ft->size_mul= end3-start3;
                ft->size_lsb= index - start3;
                ft->pts_delta= pred_table[pred];
                if(is_audio)
                    ft->header_idx= find_header_idx(s, codec, -1, key_frame);
            }
        }
    }
    memmove(&nut->frame_code['N'+1], &nut->frame_code['N'], sizeof(FrameCode)*(255-'N'));
    nut->frame_code[  0].flags=
    nut->frame_code[255].flags=
    nut->frame_code['N'].flags= FLAG_INVALID;
}

/**
 * Gets the length in bytes which is needed to store val as v.
 */
static int get_length(uint64_t val){
    int i=1;

    while(val>>=7)
        i++;

    return i;
}

static void put_v(ByteIOContext *bc, uint64_t val){
    int i= get_length(val);

    while(--i>0)
        put_byte(bc, 128 | (val>>(7*i)));

    put_byte(bc, val&127);
}

static void put_tt(NUTContext *nut, StreamContext *nus, ByteIOContext *bc, uint64_t val){
    val *= nut->time_base_count;
    val += nus->time_base - nut->time_base;
    put_v(bc, val);
}

/**
 * Stores a string as vb.
 */
static void put_str(ByteIOContext *bc, const char *string){
    int len= strlen(string);

    put_v(bc, len);
    put_buffer(bc, string, len);
}

static void put_s(ByteIOContext *bc, int64_t val){
    put_v(bc, 2*FFABS(val) - (val>0));
}

#ifdef TRACE
static inline void put_v_trace(ByteIOContext *bc, uint64_t v, char *file, char *func, int line){
    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "put_v %5"PRId64" / %"PRIX64" in %s %s:%d\n", v, v, file, func, line);

    put_v(bc, v);
}

static inline void put_s_trace(ByteIOContext *bc, int64_t v, char *file, char *func, int line){
    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "put_s %5"PRId64" / %"PRIX64" in %s %s:%d\n", v, v, file, func, line);

    put_s(bc, v);
}
#define put_v(bc, v)  put_v_trace(bc, v, __FILE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, __LINE__)
#define put_s(bc, v)  put_s_trace(bc, v, __FILE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, __LINE__)
#endif

//FIXME remove calculate_checksum
static void put_packet(NUTContext *nut, ByteIOContext *bc, ByteIOContext *dyn_bc, int calculate_checksum, uint64_t startcode){
    uint8_t *dyn_buf=NULL;
    int dyn_size= url_close_dyn_buf(dyn_bc, &dyn_buf);
    int forw_ptr= dyn_size + 4*calculate_checksum;

    if(forw_ptr > 4096)
        init_checksum(bc, ff_crc04C11DB7_update, 0);
    put_be64(bc, startcode);
    put_v(bc, forw_ptr);
    if(forw_ptr > 4096)
        put_le32(bc, get_checksum(bc));

    if(calculate_checksum)
        init_checksum(bc, ff_crc04C11DB7_update, 0);
    put_buffer(bc, dyn_buf, dyn_size);
    if(calculate_checksum)
        put_le32(bc, get_checksum(bc));

    av_free(dyn_buf);
}

static void write_mainheader(NUTContext *nut, ByteIOContext *bc){
    int i, j, tmp_pts, tmp_flags, tmp_stream, tmp_mul, tmp_size, tmp_fields, tmp_head_idx;
    int64_t tmp_match;

    put_v(bc, 3); /* version */
    put_v(bc, nut->avf->nb_streams);
    put_v(bc, nut->max_distance);
    put_v(bc, nut->time_base_count);

    for(i=0; i<nut->time_base_count; i++){
        put_v(bc, nut->time_base[i].num);
        put_v(bc, nut->time_base[i].den);
    }

    tmp_pts=0;
    tmp_mul=1;
    tmp_stream=0;
    tmp_match= 1-(1LL<<62);
    tmp_head_idx= 0;
    for(i=0; i<256;){
        tmp_fields=0;
        tmp_size=0;
//        tmp_res=0;
        if(tmp_pts    != nut->frame_code[i].pts_delta) tmp_fields=1;
        if(tmp_mul    != nut->frame_code[i].size_mul ) tmp_fields=2;
        if(tmp_stream != nut->frame_code[i].stream_id) tmp_fields=3;
        if(tmp_size   != nut->frame_code[i].size_lsb ) tmp_fields=4;
//        if(tmp_res    != nut->frame_code[i].res            ) tmp_fields=5;
        if(tmp_head_idx!=nut->frame_code[i].header_idx)tmp_fields=8;

        tmp_pts   = nut->frame_code[i].pts_delta;
        tmp_flags = nut->frame_code[i].flags;
        tmp_stream= nut->frame_code[i].stream_id;
        tmp_mul   = nut->frame_code[i].size_mul;
        tmp_size  = nut->frame_code[i].size_lsb;
//        tmp_res   = nut->frame_code[i].res;
        tmp_head_idx= nut->frame_code[i].header_idx;

        for(j=0; i<256; j++,i++){
            if(i == 'N'){
                j--;
                continue;
            }
            if(nut->frame_code[i].pts_delta != tmp_pts   ) break;
            if(nut->frame_code[i].flags     != tmp_flags ) break;
            if(nut->frame_code[i].stream_id != tmp_stream) break;
            if(nut->frame_code[i].size_mul  != tmp_mul   ) break;
            if(nut->frame_code[i].size_lsb  != tmp_size+j) break;
//            if(nut->frame_code[i].res       != tmp_res   ) break;
            if(nut->frame_code[i].header_idx!= tmp_head_idx) break;
        }
        if(j != tmp_mul - tmp_size) tmp_fields=6;

        put_v(bc, tmp_flags);
        put_v(bc, tmp_fields);
        if(tmp_fields>0) put_s(bc, tmp_pts);
        if(tmp_fields>1) put_v(bc, tmp_mul);
        if(tmp_fields>2) put_v(bc, tmp_stream);
        if(tmp_fields>3) put_v(bc, tmp_size);
        if(tmp_fields>4) put_v(bc, 0 /*tmp_res*/);
        if(tmp_fields>5) put_v(bc, j);
        if(tmp_fields>6) put_v(bc, tmp_match);
        if(tmp_fields>7) put_v(bc, tmp_head_idx);
    }
    put_v(bc, nut->header_count-1);
    for(i=1; i<nut->header_count; i++){
        put_v(bc, nut->header_len[i]);
        put_buffer(bc, nut->header[i], nut->header_len[i]);
    }
}

static int write_streamheader(NUTContext *nut, ByteIOContext *bc, AVStream *st, int i){
    AVCodecContext *codec = st->codec;
    put_v(bc, i);
    switch(codec->codec_type){
    case CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO: put_v(bc, 0); break;
    case CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO: put_v(bc, 1); break;
    case CODEC_TYPE_SUBTITLE: put_v(bc, 2); break;
    default              : put_v(bc, 3); break;
    }
    put_v(bc, 4);
    if (codec->codec_tag){
        put_le32(bc, codec->codec_tag);
    }else
        return -1;

    put_v(bc, nut->stream[i].time_base - nut->time_base);
    put_v(bc, nut->stream[i].msb_pts_shift);
    put_v(bc, nut->stream[i].max_pts_distance);
    put_v(bc, codec->has_b_frames);
    put_byte(bc, 0); /* flags: 0x1 - fixed_fps, 0x2 - index_present */

    put_v(bc, codec->extradata_size);
    put_buffer(bc, codec->extradata, codec->extradata_size);

    switch(codec->codec_type){
    case CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO:
        put_v(bc, codec->sample_rate);
        put_v(bc, 1);
        put_v(bc, codec->channels);
        break;
    case CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO:
        put_v(bc, codec->width);
        put_v(bc, codec->height);

        if(st->sample_aspect_ratio.num<=0 || st->sample_aspect_ratio.den<=0){
            put_v(bc, 0);
            put_v(bc, 0);
        }else{
            put_v(bc, st->sample_aspect_ratio.num);
            put_v(bc, st->sample_aspect_ratio.den);
        }
        put_v(bc, 0); /* csp type -- unknown */
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}

static int add_info(ByteIOContext *bc, const char *type, const char *value){
    put_str(bc, type);
    put_s(bc, -1);
    put_str(bc, value);
    return 1;
}

static int write_globalinfo(NUTContext *nut, ByteIOContext *bc){
    AVFormatContext *s= nut->avf;
    AVMetadataTag *title, *author, *copyright;
    ByteIOContext *dyn_bc;
    uint8_t *dyn_buf=NULL;
    int count=0, dyn_size;
    int ret = url_open_dyn_buf(&dyn_bc);
    if(ret < 0)
        return ret;

    title     = av_metadata_get(s->metadata, "Title"    , NULL, 0);
    author    = av_metadata_get(s->metadata, "Author"   , NULL, 0);
    copyright = av_metadata_get(s->metadata, "Copyright", NULL, 0);

    if(title    ) count+= add_info(dyn_bc, "Title"    , title->value);
    if(author   ) count+= add_info(dyn_bc, "Author"   , author->value);
    if(copyright) count+= add_info(dyn_bc, "Copyright", copyright->value);
    if(!(s->streams[0]->codec->flags & CODEC_FLAG_BITEXACT))
                        count+= add_info(dyn_bc, "Encoder"  , LIBAVFORMAT_IDENT);

    put_v(bc, 0); //stream_if_plus1
    put_v(bc, 0); //chapter_id
    put_v(bc, 0); //timestamp_start
    put_v(bc, 0); //length

    put_v(bc, count);

    dyn_size= url_close_dyn_buf(dyn_bc, &dyn_buf);
    put_buffer(bc, dyn_buf, dyn_size);
    av_free(dyn_buf);
    return 0;
}

static int write_streaminfo(NUTContext *nut, ByteIOContext *bc, int stream_id){
    AVFormatContext *s= nut->avf;
    AVStream* st = s->streams[stream_id];
    ByteIOContext *dyn_bc;
    uint8_t *dyn_buf=NULL;
    int count=0, dyn_size, i;
    int ret = url_open_dyn_buf(&dyn_bc);
    if(ret < 0)
        return ret;

    for (i=0; ff_nut_dispositions[i].flag; ++i) {
        if (st->disposition & ff_nut_dispositions[i].flag)
            count += add_info(dyn_bc, "Disposition", ff_nut_dispositions[i].str);
    }
    dyn_size = url_close_dyn_buf(dyn_bc, &dyn_buf);

    if (count) {
        put_v(bc, stream_id + 1); //stream_id_plus1
        put_v(bc, 0); //chapter_id
        put_v(bc, 0); //timestamp_start
        put_v(bc, 0); //length

        put_v(bc, count);

        put_buffer(bc, dyn_buf, dyn_size);
    }

    av_free(dyn_buf);
    return count;
}

static int write_headers(NUTContext *nut, ByteIOContext *bc){
    ByteIOContext *dyn_bc;
    int i, ret;

    ret = url_open_dyn_buf(&dyn_bc);
    if(ret < 0)
        return ret;
    write_mainheader(nut, dyn_bc);
    put_packet(nut, bc, dyn_bc, 1, MAIN_STARTCODE);

    for (i=0; i < nut->avf->nb_streams; i++){
        ret = url_open_dyn_buf(&dyn_bc);
        if(ret < 0)
            return ret;
        write_streamheader(nut, dyn_bc, nut->avf->streams[i], i);
        put_packet(nut, bc, dyn_bc, 1, STREAM_STARTCODE);
    }

    ret = url_open_dyn_buf(&dyn_bc);
    if(ret < 0)
        return ret;
    write_globalinfo(nut, dyn_bc);
    put_packet(nut, bc, dyn_bc, 1, INFO_STARTCODE);

    for (i = 0; i < nut->avf->nb_streams; i++) {
        ret = url_open_dyn_buf(&dyn_bc);
        if(ret < 0)
            return ret;
        ret = write_streaminfo(nut, dyn_bc, i);
        if (ret < 0)
            return ret;
        if (ret > 0)
            put_packet(nut, bc, dyn_bc, 1, INFO_STARTCODE);
        else {
            uint8_t* buf;
            url_close_dyn_buf(dyn_bc, &buf);
            av_free(buf);
        }
    }

    nut->last_syncpoint_pos= INT_MIN;
    nut->header_count++;
    return 0;
}

static int write_header(AVFormatContext *s){
    NUTContext *nut = s->priv_data;
    ByteIOContext *bc = s->pb;
    int i, j;

    nut->avf= s;

    nut->stream   = av_mallocz(sizeof(StreamContext)*s->nb_streams);
    nut->time_base= av_mallocz(sizeof(AVRational   )*s->nb_streams);

    for(i=0; i<s->nb_streams; i++){
        AVStream *st= s->streams[i];
        int ssize;
        AVRational time_base;
        ff_parse_specific_params(st->codec, &time_base.den, &ssize, &time_base.num);

        av_set_pts_info(st, 64, time_base.num, time_base.den);

        for(j=0; j<nut->time_base_count; j++){
            if(!memcmp(&time_base, &nut->time_base[j], sizeof(AVRational))){
                break;
            }
        }
        nut->time_base[j]= time_base;
        nut->stream[i].time_base= &nut->time_base[j];
        if(j==nut->time_base_count)
            nut->time_base_count++;

        if(av_q2d(time_base) >= 0.001)
            nut->stream[i].msb_pts_shift = 7;
        else
            nut->stream[i].msb_pts_shift = 14;
        nut->stream[i].max_pts_distance= FFMAX(1/av_q2d(time_base), 1);
    }

    nut->max_distance = MAX_DISTANCE;
    build_elision_headers(s);
    build_frame_code(s);
    assert(nut->frame_code['N'].flags == FLAG_INVALID);

    put_buffer(bc, ID_STRING, strlen(ID_STRING));
    put_byte(bc, 0);

    write_headers(nut, bc);

    put_flush_packet(bc);

    //FIXME index

    return 0;
}

static int get_needed_flags(NUTContext *nut, StreamContext *nus, FrameCode *fc, AVPacket *pkt){
    int flags= 0;

    if(pkt->flags & PKT_FLAG_KEY                ) flags |= FLAG_KEY;
    if(pkt->stream_index != fc->stream_id       ) flags |= FLAG_STREAM_ID;
    if(pkt->size / fc->size_mul                 ) flags |= FLAG_SIZE_MSB;
    if(pkt->pts - nus->last_pts != fc->pts_delta) flags |= FLAG_CODED_PTS;
    if(pkt->size > 2*nut->max_distance          ) flags |= FLAG_CHECKSUM;
    if(FFABS(pkt->pts - nus->last_pts)
                         > nus->max_pts_distance) flags |= FLAG_CHECKSUM;
    if(   pkt->size < nut->header_len[fc->header_idx]
       || (pkt->size > 4096 && fc->header_idx)
       || memcmp(pkt->data, nut->header[fc->header_idx], nut->header_len[fc->header_idx]))
                                                  flags |= FLAG_HEADER_IDX;

    return flags | (fc->flags & FLAG_CODED);
}

static int find_best_header_idx(NUTContext *nut, AVPacket *pkt){
    int i;
    int best_i  = 0;
    int best_len= 0;

    if(pkt->size > 4096)
        return 0;

    for(i=1; i<nut->header_count; i++){
        if(   pkt->size >= nut->header_len[i]
           &&  nut->header_len[i] > best_len
           && !memcmp(pkt->data, nut->header[i], nut->header_len[i])){
            best_i= i;
            best_len= nut->header_len[i];
        }
    }
    return best_i;
}

static int write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt){
    NUTContext *nut = s->priv_data;
    StreamContext *nus= &nut->stream[pkt->stream_index];
    ByteIOContext *bc = s->pb, *dyn_bc;
    FrameCode *fc;
    int64_t coded_pts;
    int best_length, frame_code, flags, needed_flags, i, header_idx, best_header_idx;
    int key_frame = !!(pkt->flags & PKT_FLAG_KEY);
    int store_sp=0;
    int ret;

    if(pkt->pts < 0)
        return -1;

    if(1LL<<(20+3*nut->header_count) <= url_ftell(bc))
        write_headers(nut, bc);

    if(key_frame && !(nus->last_flags & FLAG_KEY))
        store_sp= 1;

    if(pkt->size + 30/*FIXME check*/ + url_ftell(bc) >= nut->last_syncpoint_pos + nut->max_distance)
        store_sp= 1;

//FIXME: Ensure store_sp is 1 in the first place.

    if(store_sp){
        Syncpoint *sp, dummy= {.pos= INT64_MAX};

        ff_nut_reset_ts(nut, *nus->time_base, pkt->dts);
        for(i=0; i<s->nb_streams; i++){
            AVStream *st= s->streams[i];
            int64_t dts_tb = av_rescale_rnd(pkt->dts,
                nus->time_base->num * (int64_t)nut->stream[i].time_base->den,
                nus->time_base->den * (int64_t)nut->stream[i].time_base->num,
                AV_ROUND_DOWN);
            int index= av_index_search_timestamp(st, dts_tb, AVSEEK_FLAG_BACKWARD);
            if(index>=0) dummy.pos= FFMIN(dummy.pos, st->index_entries[index].pos);
        }
        if(dummy.pos == INT64_MAX)
            dummy.pos= 0;
        sp= av_tree_find(nut->syncpoints, &dummy, ff_nut_sp_pos_cmp, NULL);

        nut->last_syncpoint_pos= url_ftell(bc);
        ret = url_open_dyn_buf(&dyn_bc);
        if(ret < 0)
            return ret;
        put_tt(nut, nus, dyn_bc, pkt->dts);
        put_v(dyn_bc, sp ? (nut->last_syncpoint_pos - sp->pos)>>4 : 0);
        put_packet(nut, bc, dyn_bc, 1, SYNCPOINT_STARTCODE);

        ff_nut_add_sp(nut, nut->last_syncpoint_pos, 0/*unused*/, pkt->dts);
    }
    assert(nus->last_pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE);

    coded_pts = pkt->pts & ((1<<nus->msb_pts_shift)-1);
    if(ff_lsb2full(nus, coded_pts) != pkt->pts)
        coded_pts= pkt->pts + (1<<nus->msb_pts_shift);

    best_header_idx= find_best_header_idx(nut, pkt);

    best_length=INT_MAX;
    frame_code= -1;
    for(i=0; i<256; i++){
        int length= 0;
        FrameCode *fc= &nut->frame_code[i];
        int flags= fc->flags;

        if(flags & FLAG_INVALID)
            continue;
        needed_flags= get_needed_flags(nut, nus, fc, pkt);

        if(flags & FLAG_CODED){
            length++;
            flags = needed_flags;
        }

        if((flags & needed_flags) != needed_flags)
            continue;

        if((flags ^ needed_flags) & FLAG_KEY)
            continue;

        if(flags & FLAG_STREAM_ID)
            length+= get_length(pkt->stream_index);

        if(pkt->size % fc->size_mul != fc->size_lsb)
            continue;
        if(flags & FLAG_SIZE_MSB)
            length += get_length(pkt->size / fc->size_mul);

        if(flags & FLAG_CHECKSUM)
            length+=4;

        if(flags & FLAG_CODED_PTS)
            length += get_length(coded_pts);

        if(   (flags & FLAG_CODED)
           && nut->header_len[best_header_idx] > nut->header_len[fc->header_idx]+1){
            flags |= FLAG_HEADER_IDX;
        }

        if(flags & FLAG_HEADER_IDX){
            length += 1 - nut->header_len[best_header_idx];
        }else{
            length -= nut->header_len[fc->header_idx];
        }

        length*=4;
        length+= !(flags & FLAG_CODED_PTS);
        length+= !(flags & FLAG_CHECKSUM);

        if(length < best_length){
            best_length= length;
            frame_code=i;
        }
    }
    assert(frame_code != -1);
    fc= &nut->frame_code[frame_code];
    flags= fc->flags;
    needed_flags= get_needed_flags(nut, nus, fc, pkt);
    header_idx= fc->header_idx;

    init_checksum(bc, ff_crc04C11DB7_update, 0);
    put_byte(bc, frame_code);
    if(flags & FLAG_CODED){
        put_v(bc, (flags^needed_flags) & ~(FLAG_CODED));
        flags = needed_flags;
    }
    if(flags & FLAG_STREAM_ID)  put_v(bc, pkt->stream_index);
    if(flags & FLAG_CODED_PTS)  put_v(bc, coded_pts);
    if(flags & FLAG_SIZE_MSB)   put_v(bc, pkt->size / fc->size_mul);
    if(flags & FLAG_HEADER_IDX) put_v(bc, header_idx= best_header_idx);

    if(flags & FLAG_CHECKSUM)   put_le32(bc, get_checksum(bc));
    else                        get_checksum(bc);

    put_buffer(bc, pkt->data + nut->header_len[header_idx], pkt->size - nut->header_len[header_idx]);
    nus->last_flags= flags;
    nus->last_pts= pkt->pts;

    //FIXME just store one per syncpoint
    if(flags & FLAG_KEY)
        av_add_index_entry(
            s->streams[pkt->stream_index],
            nut->last_syncpoint_pos,
            pkt->pts,
            0,
            0,
            AVINDEX_KEYFRAME);

    return 0;
}

static int write_trailer(AVFormatContext *s){
    NUTContext *nut= s->priv_data;
    ByteIOContext *bc= s->pb;

    while(nut->header_count<3)
        write_headers(nut, bc);
    put_flush_packet(bc);

    return 0;
}

AVOutputFormat nut_muxer = {
    "nut",
    NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("NUT format"),
    "video/x-nut",
    "nut",
    sizeof(NUTContext),
#if   CONFIG_LIBVORBIS
    CODEC_ID_VORBIS,
#elif CONFIG_LIBMP3LAME
    CODEC_ID_MP3,
#else
    CODEC_ID_MP2,
#endif
    CODEC_ID_MPEG4,
    write_header,
    write_packet,
    write_trailer,
    .flags = AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER | AVFMT_VARIABLE_FPS,
    .codec_tag= (const AVCodecTag* const []){codec_bmp_tags, codec_wav_tags, ff_nut_subtitle_tags, 0},
};