Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/ru/mencoder.xml @ 20298:3c469a2030e7
What is the meaning of the numbers on the status line during the encoding process?
Taken after Nico's explanation on MEncoder-users ML
author | gpoirier |
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date | Thu, 19 Oct 2006 08:20:32 +0000 |
parents | 63b31f7f42b8 |
children | bb605f1ccb4d |
rev | line source |
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="koi8-r"?> |
20040 | 2 <!-- synced with r20043 --> |
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3 <chapter id="mencoder"> |
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4 <title>Основы использования <application>MEncoder</application></title> |
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5 |
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6 <para> |
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7 Полный список доступных опций <application>MEncoder</application> и примеры |
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8 смотрите на странице руководства man. |
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9 |
20040 | 10 Ряд наглядных примеров и подробные руководства по использованию отдельных |
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11 параметров кодирования, можно узнать прочтя |
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12 <ulink url="../../tech/encoding-tips.txt">советы по кодированию</ulink>, которые мы |
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13 собрали из отдельных нитей[threads] рассылки MPlayer-users. В |
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14 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/pipermail/mplayer-users/">архивах</ulink> |
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15 найдется множество дискуссий, посвященных всех аспектам и проблемам кодирования |
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16 при помощи <application>MEncoder</application>. |
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17 </para> |
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18 |
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19 <sect1 id="menc-feat-selecting-codec"> |
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20 <title>Выбор кодеков и формата файлов</title> |
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21 |
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22 <para> |
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23 Аудио и видео кодеки для кодирования выбираются опциями |
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24 <option>-oac</option> и <option>-ovc</option>, соответственно. |
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25 Ниберите для примера: |
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26 <screen>mencoder -ovc help</screen> |
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27 чтобы получить список всех видео кодеков поддерживаемых |
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28 версией <application>MEncoder</application>, установленной на вашей машине. |
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29 Доступны следующие варианты: |
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30 </para> |
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31 <para> |
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32 Аудио кодеки: |
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33 |
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34 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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35 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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36 <thead> |
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37 <row><entry>Название кодека</entry><entry>Описание</entry></row> |
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38 </thead> |
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39 <tbody> |
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40 <row> |
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41 <entry>mp3lame</entry> |
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42 <entry>Кодируйте в VBR, ABR или CBR MP3 с LAME</entry> |
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43 </row> |
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44 <row> |
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45 <entry>lavc</entry> |
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46 <entry>Используйте один из кодеков библиотеки <link linkend="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-audio-codecs"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link> |
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47 </entry> |
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48 </row> |
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49 <row> |
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50 <entry>faac</entry> |
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51 <entry>FAAC AAC аудио кодер</entry> |
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52 </row> |
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53 <row> |
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54 <entry>toolame</entry> |
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55 <entry>MPEG Audio Layer 2 кодер</entry> |
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56 </row> |
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57 <row> |
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58 <entry>twolame</entry> |
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59 <entry>MPEG Audio Layer 2 кодер, основанный на tooLAME</entry> |
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60 </row> |
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61 <row> |
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62 <entry>pcm</entry> |
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63 <entry>Несжатый PCM звук</entry> |
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64 </row> |
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65 <row> |
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66 <entry>copy</entry> |
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67 <entry>Не перекодировать, просто копировать сжатые кадры</entry> |
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68 </row> |
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69 </tbody> |
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70 </tgroup> |
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71 </informaltable> |
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72 </para> |
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73 |
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74 <para> |
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75 Видео кодеки: |
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76 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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77 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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78 <thead> |
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79 <row><entry>Название кодека</entry><entry>Описание</entry></row> |
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80 </thead> |
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81 <tbody> |
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82 <row> |
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83 <entry>lavc</entry> |
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84 <entry>Используйте один из кодеков библиотеки <link linkend="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-video-codecs"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link> |
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85 </entry> |
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86 </row> |
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87 <row> |
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88 <entry>xvid</entry> |
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89 <entry>XviD, MPEG-4 Advanced Simple Profile (ASP) кодек</entry> |
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90 </row> |
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91 <row> |
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92 <entry>x264</entry> |
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93 <entry>x264, MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC), AKA[он же] H.264 кодек</entry> |
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94 </row> |
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95 <row> |
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96 <entry>nuv</entry> |
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97 <entry>nuppel видео, используемое некоторыми приложениями реального времени</entry> |
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98 </row> |
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99 <row> |
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100 <entry>raw</entry> |
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101 <entry>Несжатые видео кадры</entry> |
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102 </row> |
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103 <row> |
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104 <entry>copy</entry> |
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105 <entry>Не перекодировать, просто скопировать сжатые кадры</entry> |
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106 </row> |
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107 <row> |
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108 <entry>frameno</entry> |
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109 <entry>Использовался для 3-х проходного кодирования (не рекомендуется)</entry> |
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110 </row> |
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111 </tbody> |
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112 </tgroup> |
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113 </informaltable> |
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114 </para> |
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115 <para> |
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116 Формат выходных файлов выбирается опцией <option>-of</option>. |
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117 Наберите: |
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118 <screen>mencoder -of help</screen> |
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119 чтобы получить список всех форматов, поддерживаемых версией |
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120 <application>MEncoder</application>, установленного на вашей машине. |
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121 Доступны следующие варианты: |
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122 </para> |
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123 <para> |
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124 Форматы файлов: |
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125 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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126 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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127 <thead> |
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128 <row><entry>Название формата</entry><entry>Описание</entry></row> |
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129 </thead> |
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130 <tbody> |
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131 <row> |
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132 <entry>lavf</entry> |
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133 <entry>Один из форматов, поддерживаемых библиотекой |
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134 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem></entry> |
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135 </row> |
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136 <row> |
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137 <entry>avi</entry> |
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138 <entry>'Слоеное' Аудио-Видео</entry> |
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139 </row> |
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140 <row> |
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141 <entry>mpeg</entry> |
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142 <entry>MPEG-1 и MPEG-2 PS</entry> |
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143 </row> |
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144 <row> |
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145 <entry>rawvideo</entry> |
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146 <entry>сырой видео поток (без уплотнения[no muxing] - только видео поток)</entry> |
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147 </row> |
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148 <row> |
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149 <entry>rawaudio</entry> |
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150 <entry>сырой аудио поток (без уплотнения[no muxing] - только аудио поток)</entry> |
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151 </row> |
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152 </tbody> |
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153 </tgroup> |
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154 </informaltable> |
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155 AVI является родным форматом для <application>MEncoder</application>, |
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156 что означает наилучшую его поддержку, |
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157 <application>MEncoder</application> изначально разрабатывался для этого формата. |
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158 Как замечено выше, другие форматы тоже пригодны, но |
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159 вы можете столкнуться с проблемами при их использовании. |
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160 </para> |
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161 |
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162 <para> |
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163 форматы файлов библиотеки <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>: |
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164 </para> |
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165 <para> |
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166 |
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167 Если вы выбрали <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> для |
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168 уплотнения[muxing] выходного файла (используя <option>-of lavf</option>), |
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169 подходящий формат файла будет определен по расширению выходного файла. |
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170 Вы можете заставить использовать конкретный формат опцией |
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171 <option>format</option> библиотеки |
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172 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>. |
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173 |
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174 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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175 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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176 <thead> |
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177 <row><entry>название формата <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem></entry><entry>Описание</entry></row> |
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178 </thead> |
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179 <tbody> |
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180 <row> |
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181 <entry>mpg</entry> |
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182 <entry>MPEG-1 и MPEG-2 PS</entry> |
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183 </row> |
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184 <row> |
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185 <entry>asf</entry> |
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186 <entry>Advanced Streaming Format</entry> |
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187 </row> |
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188 <row> |
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189 <entry>avi</entry> |
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190 <entry>'Слоеное' Аудио-Видео</entry> |
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191 </row> |
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192 <row> |
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193 <entry>wav</entry> |
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194 <entry>Waveform Аудио</entry> |
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195 </row> |
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196 <row> |
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197 <entry>swf</entry> |
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198 <entry>Macromedia Flash</entry> |
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199 </row> |
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200 <row> |
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201 <entry>flv</entry> |
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202 <entry>Macromedia Flash видео</entry> |
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203 </row> |
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204 <row> |
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205 <entry>rm</entry> |
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206 <entry>RealMedia</entry> |
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207 </row> |
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208 <row> |
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209 <entry>au</entry> |
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210 <entry>SUN AU</entry> |
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211 </row> |
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212 <row> |
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213 <entry>nut</entry> |
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214 <entry>открытый формат NUT (экспериментальный и пока не полностью соответствующий спецификации)</entry> |
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215 </row> |
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216 <row> |
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217 <entry>mov</entry> |
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218 <entry>QuickTime</entry> |
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219 </row> |
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220 <row> |
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221 <entry>mp4</entry> |
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222 <entry>MPEG-4 формат</entry> |
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223 </row> |
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224 <row> |
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225 <entry>dv</entry> |
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226 <entry>Sony Digital Видео формат</entry> |
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227 </row> |
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228 </tbody> |
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229 </tgroup> |
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230 </informaltable> |
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231 Как видите, <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> |
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232 позволяет <application>MEncoder</application> мультиплексировать[mux] во |
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233 множество форматов. |
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234 К сожалению, поскольку <application>MEncoder</application> изначально не разрабатывался |
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235 для поддержки форматов, отличных от AVI, вам следует относиться к результирующему |
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236 файлу с определенной долей паранойи. Убедитесь, что в порядке Аудио/видео синхронихация, и |
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237 файл воспроизводится не только в <application>MPlayer</application>. |
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238 </para> |
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239 |
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240 <informalexample> |
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241 <para>Пример:</para> |
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242 <para> |
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243 Создание видео Macromedia Flash, подходящего для воспроизведения в веб браузере плагином |
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244 Macromedia Flash: |
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245 <screen> |
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246 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.flv</replaceable> -of lavf -oac mp3lame -lameopts abr:br=56 -ovc lavc \ |
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247 -lavcopts vcodec=flv:vbitrate=500:mbd=2:mv0:trell:v4mv:cbp:last_pred=3 \ |
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248 -srate 22050 |
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249 </screen> |
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250 </para> |
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251 </informalexample> |
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252 |
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253 </sect1> |
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254 |
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255 |
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256 <sect1 id="menc-feat-selecting-input"> |
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257 <title>Выбор входного файла или устройства</title> |
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258 |
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259 <para> |
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260 <application>MEncoder</application> может кодировать из файлов или непосредственно |
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261 с DVD или VCD диска. |
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262 Просто укажите имя файла в командной строке для кодирования из файла, |
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263 или <option>dvd://</option><replaceable>номер_ролика</replaceable> или |
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264 <option>vcd://</option><replaceable>номер_дорожки</replaceable> для кодиросания |
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265 DVD ролика или VCD дорожки. |
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266 Если вы уже скопировали DVD на жесткий диск (може воспользоваться утилитой вроде |
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267 <application>dvdbackup</application>, доступной на многих системах), |
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268 и желаете уодировать из копии, вледует по-прежнему использовать |
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269 <option>dvd://</option> синтаксис, вместе с <option>-dvd-device</option> |
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270 с последующим путек к корню копии DVD. |
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271 |
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272 Опции <option>-dvd-device</option> и <option>-cdrom-device</option> также могут |
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273 быть исползованы для переопределения путей к файлам устройств для |
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274 чтения прямо с диска, если значения по-умолчанию |
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275 <filename>/dev/dvd</filename> и <filename>/dev/cdrom</filename> не подходят для |
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276 вашей системы. |
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277 </para> |
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278 <para> |
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279 При кодировании с DVD, часто бывает желательно выбрать раздел или диапазон |
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280 разделов для кодирования. для этой цели можно использовать опцию |
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281 <option>-chapter</option>. |
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282 Напрмер, <option>-chapter</option> <replaceable>1-4</replaceable> |
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283 будет кодировать толко разделы DVD с 1-го по 4-й. |
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284 Это особенно полезно при кодировании 1400Мб с целью уместить их на 2 CD, |
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285 так как вы можете разбить фильм точно на границе раздела, вместо |
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286 середины некоторой сцены. |
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287 </para> |
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288 <para> |
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289 Если у вас есть поддерживаемая карта TV захвата, вы также можете |
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290 кодировать с TV входа. |
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291 Используйте <option>tv://</option><replaceable>нмер_канала</replaceable> в качестве |
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292 имени файла, и опцию <option>-tv</option> для настройки различный параметров захвата. |
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293 DVB вход работает аналогично. |
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294 </para> |
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295 </sect1> |
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296 |
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297 |
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298 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg4"> |
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299 <title>Двухпроходное кодирование MPEG-4 ("DivX")</title> |
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300 |
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301 <para> |
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302 Название происходит из того факта, что кодирование файла производится <emphasis>дважды</emphasis>. |
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303 Первое кодирование (дублирующий проход) создает несколько временных файлов |
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304 (<filename>*.log</filename>) размером в несколько мегабайт, не удаляйте их пока |
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305 (вы можете удалить AVI или вообще не создавать видеофайл, перенаправив его |
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306 в <filename>/dev/null</filename>). На втором проходе, с использованием данных о |
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307 битпотоке из временных файлов, формуируется готовый выходной. Получившийся файл |
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308 будет иметь намного лучшее качество картинки. Если слышите об этом в первый раз, |
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309 обратитесь к руководствам, которые можно найти в интернет. |
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310 </para> |
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311 |
20040 | 312 <example id="copy_audio_track"> |
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313 <title>копирование звуковой дорожки</title> |
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314 <para> |
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315 Кодирование (двухпроходное) второй дорожки DVD в MPEG-4 ("DivX") AVI с |
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316 копированием звуковой дорожки. |
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317 <screen> |
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318 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac copy -o /dev/null |
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319 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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320 </screen> |
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321 </para> |
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322 </example> |
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323 |
20040 | 324 <example id="encode_audio_track"> |
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325 <title>кодирование звуковой дорожки</title> |
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326 <para> |
20040 | 327 Кодирование (в два прохода) DVD в MPEG-4 ("DivX") AVI с кодированием |
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328 звуковой дорожки в MP3. Будьте аккуратны, используя этот метод, так как в некоторых случаях |
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329 это может привести к рассинхронизации аудио/видео. |
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330 <screen> |
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331 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o /dev/null |
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332 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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333 </screen> |
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334 </para> |
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335 </example> |
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336 </sect1> |
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337 |
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338 |
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339 <sect1 id="menc-feat-handheld-psp"> |
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340 <title>Кодирование в Sony PSP видео формат</title> |
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341 |
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342 <para> |
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343 <application>MEncoder</application> поддерживает кодирование в видео формат |
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344 Sony PSP, но, в зависимости от ревизии программного обеспечения PSP, |
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345 с различными ограничениями. Можете не беспокоиться, если не будете |
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346 нарушать следующие ограничения: |
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347 <itemizedlist> |
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348 <listitem><para> |
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349 <emphasis role="bold">Битовый поток</emphasis>: не должен превышать 1500кбит/с, |
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350 тем не менее, последние версии очень хорошо поддерживали любой битрейт, пока |
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351 заголовок не требовал черезчур большого значения. |
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352 </para></listitem> |
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353 <listitem><para> |
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354 <emphasis role="bold">Размеры</emphasis>: ширина и высота PSP видео должна быть |
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355 кратна 16, а произведение ширина * высота не должно превышать 64000. |
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356 В некоторых случаях возможно воспроизведение видео большего размера. |
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357 </para></listitem> |
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358 <listitem><para> |
20040 | 359 <emphasis role="bold">Звук</emphasis>: частота дискретизации должна быть |
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360 24кГц для MPEG-4, и 48кГц для H.264. |
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361 </para></listitem> |
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362 </itemizedlist> |
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363 </para> |
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364 |
20040 | 365 <example id="encode_for_psp"> |
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366 <title>Кодирование для PSP</title> |
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367 <para> |
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368 <screen> |
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369 mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of lavf -lavcopts aglobal=1:vglobal=1:vcodec=mpeg4:acodec=aac \ |
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370 -af lavcresample=24000 -vf harddup -lavfopts format=psp:i_certify_that_my_video_stream_does_not_use_b_frames \ |
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371 -ofps 30000/1001 input.video -o output.psp |
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372 </screen> |
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373 Заметьте, что можно задать заголовок видео опцией |
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374 <option>-info name=<replaceable>Заголовок_Фильма</replaceable></option>. |
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375 </para> |
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376 </example> |
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377 </sect1> |
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378 |
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379 |
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380 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg"> |
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381 <title>Кодирование в MPEG формат</title> |
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382 <para> |
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383 <application>MEncoder</application> может создавать файлы формата MPEG (MPEG-PS). |
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384 MPEG-1 или MPEG-2 обычно используют по причине кодирования в более |
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385 ограниченные форматы, такие как SVCD, VCD или DVD. |
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386 Особые требования для этих форматов описаны в |
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387 <link linkend="menc-feat-vcd-dvd"> руководстве по созданию VCD и DVD</link> |
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388 section. |
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389 </para> |
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390 |
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391 <para> |
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392 Чтобы сменить формат выходного файла <application>MEncoder</application>, используйте |
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393 опцию <option>-of mpeg</option>. |
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394 </para> |
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395 |
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396 <informalexample> |
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397 <para> |
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398 Пример: |
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399 <screen> |
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400 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -of mpeg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video -oac copy <replaceable>other_options</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.mpg</replaceable> |
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401 </screen> |
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402 Создается файл MPEG-1 пригодный для воспроизведения на системах с минимальной поддержкой |
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403 мультимедиа, таких как только что установленные Windows: |
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404 <screen> |
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405 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -of mpeg -mpegopts format=mpeg1:tsaf:muxrate=2000 -o <replaceable>output.mpg</replaceable> -oac lavc -ovc lavc \ |
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406 -lavcopts acodec=mp2:abitrate=224:vcodec=mpeg1video:vbitrate=1152:keyint=15:mbd=2:aspect=4/3 |
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407 </screen> |
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408 </para> |
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409 </informalexample> |
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410 |
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411 <note><title>Подсказка:</title> |
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412 <para> |
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413 Если по каким-то причинам видео после второго прохода вас не устраивает, |
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414 можно снова запустить кодирование с другими значениями битпотока, при |
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415 условии, что вы сохранили статистику предыдущего прохода. |
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416 Это возможно, потому что основная задача файла со статистикой - записывать |
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417 сложность каждого кадра, которая жестко с битпотоком не связана. |
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418 Следует иметь в виду, что, несмотря на это, лучшее качество получается если |
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419 значения результирующего битпотока всех проходов не сильно отличаются. |
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420 </para> |
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421 </note> |
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422 |
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423 </sect1> |
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424 |
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425 <sect1 id="menc-feat-rescale"> |
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426 <title>Масштабирование фильмов</title> |
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427 |
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428 <para> |
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429 Часто возникает потребность изменить размер изображения у фильма. |
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430 Причин может быть много: уменьшение размера файла, пропускная способность сети, |
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431 и т.д. Большинство производят масштабирование даже при конвертации DVD или SVCD в AVI. |
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432 Если есть желание провести масштабирование, прочтите раздел |
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433 <link linkend="aspect">Сохранение пропорций</link>. |
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434 </para> |
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435 |
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436 <para> |
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437 Процесс масштабирование осуществляется плагином <literal>scale</literal>: |
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438 <option>-vf scale=<replaceable>ширина</replaceable>:<replaceable>высота</replaceable></option>. |
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439 Качество может быть установлено опцией <option>-sws</option>. |
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440 Если не указано, <application>MEncoder</application> будет использовать 2: бикубическое. |
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441 </para> |
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442 |
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443 <para> |
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444 Использование: |
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445 <screen> |
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446 mencoder <replaceable>input.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -vf scale=640:480 -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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447 </screen> |
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448 </para> |
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449 </sect1> |
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450 |
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451 |
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452 <sect1 id="menc-feat-streamcopy"> |
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453 <title>копирование потока</title> |
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454 |
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455 <para> |
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456 <application>MEncoder</application> может обрабатывать входные потоки двумя способыми: |
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457 <emphasis role="bold">кодировать</emphasis> или <emphasis role="bold">копировать</emphasis> |
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458 их. Этот раздел о <emphasis role="bold">копировании</emphasis>. |
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459 </para> |
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460 |
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461 <itemizedlist> |
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462 <listitem><para> |
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463 <emphasis role="bold">Видео поток</emphasis> (опция <option>-ovc copy</option>): |
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464 можно делать классные вещи :) Вроде помещения (не преобразования!) FLI или VIVO или |
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465 MPEG-1 видео в AVI файл! Конечно, проиграть такие файлы сможет только |
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466 <application>MPlayer</application> :) И, возможно, никакого реальной пользы в |
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467 этом нет. Реально: копирование видеопотока может быть полезно, если надо кодировать только |
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468 аудио поток (например, несжатый PCM в MP3). |
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469 </para></listitem> |
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470 <listitem><para> |
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471 <emphasis role="bold">Аудио поток</emphasis> (опция <option>-oac copy</option>): |
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472 straightforward. Возможно взять внешний файл (MP3, WAV) и уплотнить[mux] его в выходной |
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473 поток. Воспользуйтесь опцией <option>-audiofile <replaceable>имя_файла</replaceable></option>, |
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474 чтобы сделать это. |
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475 </para></listitem> |
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476 </itemizedlist> |
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477 |
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478 <para> |
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479 Использование <option>-oac copy</option> для копирования из одного формата в другой |
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480 тожет потребовать указания <option>-fafmttag</option> для сохраниения тэга аудио формата |
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481 из оригинального файла. Например, если вы преобразовываете NSV файл со звуком AAC |
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482 в формат AVI, аудио формат будет неверен и должен быть изменен. Чтобы получить список |
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483 тэгов аудио формата проверьте <filename>codecs.conf</filename>. |
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484 </para> |
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485 |
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486 <para> |
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487 Пример: |
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488 <screen> |
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489 mencoder <replaceable>input.nsv</replaceable> -oac copy -fafmttag 0x706D -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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490 </screen> |
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491 </para> |
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492 |
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493 </sect1> |
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494 |
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495 |
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496 <sect1 id="menc-feat-enc-images"> |
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497 <title>Кодирование из нескольких входных файлов изображений (JPEG, PNG, TGA, SGI)</title> |
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498 |
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499 <para> |
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500 <application>MEncoder</application> может создавать фильмы из одного или более |
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501 JPEG, PNG или TGA файлов. Простым копированием кадров он может создавать MJPEG |
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502 (Motion JPEG), MPNG (Motion PNG) или MTGA (Motion TGA) файлы. |
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503 </para> |
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504 |
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505 <orderedlist> |
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506 <title>Разъяснение процесса:</title> |
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507 <listitem><para> |
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508 <application>MEncoder</application> <emphasis>декодирует</emphasis> изображение(я) с помощью |
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509 <systemitem class="library">libjpeg</systemitem> (при декодировании PNG, он будет |
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510 использовать <systemitem class="library">libpng</systemitem>). |
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511 </para></listitem> |
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512 <listitem><para> |
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513 <application>MEncoder</application> затем скармливает декодированное изображение выбранному |
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514 видео компрессору (DivX4, XviD, FFmpeg msmpeg4, и .т.д). |
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515 </para></listitem> |
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516 </orderedlist> |
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517 |
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518 <formalpara> |
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519 <title>примеры</title> |
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520 <para> |
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521 The explanation of the <option>-mf</option> option is in the man page. |
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522 |
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523 <informalexample> |
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524 <para> |
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525 Создание файла MPEG-4 из всех JPEG файлов текущего каталога: |
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526 <screen> |
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527 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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528 </screen> |
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529 </para> |
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530 </informalexample> |
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|
531 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
532 <informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
533 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
534 Создание файла MPEG-4 из некоторых JPEG файлов текущего каталога: |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
535 <screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
536 mencoder mf://<replaceable>frame001.jpg,frame002.jpg</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
537 </screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
538 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
539 </informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
540 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
541 <informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
542 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
543 Создание файла MPEG-4 из явного списка JPEG файлов (list.txt в текущем каталоге содержит |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
544 список файлов, используемых в качестве источника, по одному в строке): |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
545 <screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
546 mencoder mf://<replaceable>@list.txt</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg \ |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
547 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
548 </screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
549 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
550 </informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
551 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
552 <informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
553 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
554 Создание файла Motion JPEG (MJPEG) из всех JPEG файлов текущего каталога: |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
555 <screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
556 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
557 </screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
558 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
559 </informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
560 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
561 <informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
562 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
563 Создание несжатого файла из всех PNG файлов текущего каталога: |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
564 <screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
565 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
566 </screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
567 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
568 </informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
569 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
570 <note><para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
571 Ширина должна быть целым числом, кратным 4, это ограничение формата RAW RGB AVI. |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
572 </para></note> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
573 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
574 <informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
575 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
576 Создание файла Motion PNG (MPNG) из всех PNG файлов текущего каталога: |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
577 <screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
578 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> <!-- |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
579 --></screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
580 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
581 </informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
582 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
583 <informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
584 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
585 Создание файла Motion TGA (MTGA) из всех TGA файлов текущего каталога: |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
586 <screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
587 mencoder mf://*.tga -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=tga -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable><!-- |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
588 --></screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
589 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
590 </informalexample> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
591 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
592 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
593 </formalpara> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
594 </sect1> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
595 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
596 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
597 <sect1 id="menc-feat-extractsub"> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
598 <title>Извлечение DVD субтитров в файл VOBsub</title> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
599 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
600 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
601 <application>MEncoder</application> способен извлекать субтитры из DVD в файлы формата |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
602 VOBsub. Они состоят из пары файлов, оканчивающихся на |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
603 <filename>.idx</filename> и <filename>.sub</filename> и обычно |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
604 упакованы в один <filename>.rar</filename> архив. |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
605 <application>MPlayer</application> может воспроизводить из при помощи опций |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
606 <option>-vobsub</option> и <option>-vobsubid</option>. |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
607 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
608 |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
609 <para> |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
610 Вы указываете базовое имя (т.е. без расширения <filename>.idx</filename> или |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
611 <filename>.sub</filename>) выходных файлов с помощью |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
612 <option>-vobsubout</option> и индекс этих субтитров в результирующем файле |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
613 при помощи <option>-vobsuboutindex</option>. |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
614 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
615 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
616 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
617 Если источником является не DVD следует использовать <option>-ifo</option> для |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
618 указания указания файла <filename>.ifo</filename>, необходимого для создания |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
619 результирующего <filename>.idx</filename> файла. |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
620 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
621 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
622 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
623 Если источником является не DVD и у вас нет <filename>.ifo</filename> файла, |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
624 используйте опцию <option>-vobsubid</option> для указания, какой ид языка |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
625 следует записать в <filename>.idx</filename> файл. |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
626 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
627 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
628 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
629 При каждом запуске субтитры будут добавляться в конец файлов, если |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
630 <filename>.idx</filename> и <filename>.sub</filename> уже существуют. |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
631 Так что вам следует удалять их перед началом. |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
632 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
633 |
20040 | 634 <example id="copying_two_subtitles_from_a_dvd_while_doing_two_pass_encoding"> |
635 <title>копирование двух субтитров из DVD при выполнении двухпроходного кодирования</title> | |
19750
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
636 <screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
637 rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
638 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 -sid 2 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
639 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 1 -sid 5<!-- |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
640 --></screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
641 </example> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
642 |
20040 | 643 <example id="copying_a_french_subtitle_from_an_mpeg_file"> |
19750
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
644 <title>Копирование французских субтитров из MPEG файла</title> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
645 <screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
646 rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
647 mencoder <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> -ifo <replaceable>movie.ifo</replaceable> -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 -vobsuboutid fr -sid 1 -nosound -ovc copy |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
648 </screen> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
649 </example> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
650 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
651 </sect1> |
c70da02242f6
translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
652 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
653 <sect1 id="aspect"> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
654 <title>Сохранение пропорций</title> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
655 <para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
656 DVD и SVCD (т.е. MPEG-1/2) файлы содержат информацию о пропорции, которая описывает |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
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|
657 как проигрыватель должен масштабировать видео поток, чтобы люди не становились яйцеголовыми. |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
658 (напр.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). Хотя при кодировании в AVI (DivX) файлы вы избавлены от этой |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
659 проблемы, т.к. заголовки AVI не содержат это значение. |
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voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
660 Масштабирование изображения отвратительно и расточительно, есть лучший путь! |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
661 </para> |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
changeset
|
662 |
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translation by Vladimir Voroshilov, voroshil gmail com
voroshil
parents:
diff
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663 <para>There is</para> |
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664 |
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665 <para> |
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666 MPEG-4 имееть уникальную возможность: видео поток может хранить требуеумые ему пропорции. |
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667 Да, в точности как MPEG-1/2 (DVD, SVCD) и H.263 файлы. К сожалению, немного проигрывателей |
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668 кроме <application>MPlayer</application> поддерживают этот MPEG-4 атрибут. |
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669 </para> |
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670 |
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671 <para> |
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672 Эта возможность может использоваться только с |
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673 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link>'овским |
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674 <systemitem>mpeg4</systemitem> кодеком. Имейте в виду: хотя |
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675 <application>MPlayer</application> корректно воспроизведет файл, другие |
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676 проигрыватели могут использовать неверные пропорции. |
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677 </para> |
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678 |
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679 <para> |
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680 Вы серъезно должны обрезать черные полосы выше и ниже изображения. |
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681 Смотрите страницу руководства man по использованию <systemitem>cropdetect</systemitem> и |
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682 <systemitem>crop</systemitem> плагинов. |
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683 </para> |
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684 |
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685 <para> |
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686 Использование: |
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687 <screen>mencoder <replaceable>sample-svcd.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:autoaspect -vf crop=714:548:0:14 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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688 </para> |
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689 </sect1> |
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690 |
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691 </chapter> |