annotate DOCS/xml/pl/formats.xml @ 11447:5f94bdba470f

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author wight
date Wed, 12 Nov 2003 13:02:27 +0000
parents 9e5ab5bd128b
children 9c3dbd952c2f
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-2"?>
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2 <!-- synced with 1.7 -->
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3 <sect1 id="formats">
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4 <title>Obsługiwane formaty</title>
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5
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6 <para>
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7 Na początek ważne jest wyjaśnienie pewnego często popełnianego błędu.
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8 Kiedy ludzie widzą plik o rozszerzeniu <filename>.AVI</filename>,
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9 automatycznie stwierdzają, że to nie jest plik MPEG. Nie jest to prawda.
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10 Przynajmniej niezupełnie. W przeciwieństwie do popularnego stwierdzenia,
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11 plik taki <emphasis>może</emphasis> zawierać video MPEG1.
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12 </para>
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13
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14 <para>
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15 Widzisz, <emphasis role="bold">kodek</emphasis> to nie to samo, co
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16 <emphasis role="bold">format pliku</emphasis>.
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17 Przykłady <emphasis role="bold">kodeków</emphasis> video: MPEG1, MPEG2, DivX, Indeo5, 3vix.
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18 Przykłady <emphasis role="bold">formatów</emphasis> plików: MPG, AVI, ASF.
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19 </para>
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20
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21 <para>
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22 W teorii, możesz umieścić video OpenDivX i dźwięk MP3 w
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23 <emphasis role="bold">pliku MPG</emphasis>. Większość odtwarzaczy
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24 nie będzie jednak w stanie go odtworzyć, gdyż spodziewają się obrazu MPEG1 i
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25 dźwięku MP2 (w przeciwieństwie do <emphasis role="bold">AVI</emphasis>,
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26 <emphasis role="bold">MPG</emphasis> nie ma odpowiednich pól do opisu jego
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27 strumieni audio i video). Możesz również umieścić video MPEG1 w pliku
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28 AVI. <ulink url="http://ffmpeg.sourceforge.net/">FFmpeg</ulink> i
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29 <link linkend="mencoder">MEncoder</link> potrafią tworzyć takie pliki.
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30 </para>
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31
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32
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33 <sect2 id="video-formats">
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34 <title>Formaty video</title>
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35
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36 <sect3 id="mpg-vob-dat">
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37 <title>Pliki MPEG</title>
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38
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39 <para>
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40 Pliki MPEG spotykamy w różnych kształtach:
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41 </para>
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42
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43 <itemizedlist>
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44 <listitem><simpara>
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45 MPG: To jest najbardziej <emphasis role="bold">podstawowa</emphasis> forma
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46 plików MPEG. Zawiera video MPEG1 i audio MP2 (MPEG-1 warstwa 2) lub rzadziej
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47 MP1.
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48 </simpara></listitem>
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49 <listitem><simpara>
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50 DAT: To dokładnie ten sam format, co MPG, tylko z innym rozszerzeniem. Jest
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51 on używany na płytach <emphasis role="bold">Video CD</emphasis>. W związku
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52 ze sposobem tworzenia płyt VCD i struktury Linuksa, pliki DAT nie mogą być
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53 odtwarzane ani kopiowane z VCD jak zwykłe pliki. Musisz użyć opcji
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54 <option>vcd://</option> by odtworzyć Video CD.
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55 </simpara></listitem>
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56 <listitem><simpara>
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57 VOB: To format pliku MPEG na płytach <emphasis role="bold">DVD</emphasis>.
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58 Jest to to samo, co MPG, plus możliwość umieszczenia w nim napisów lub
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59 dźwięku nie-MPEG (AC3). Zawiera zakodowany strumień obrazu MPEG2 i przeważnie
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60 dźwięk AC3, lecz dozwolone są także DTS, MP2 i nieskompresowane LPCM.
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61 <emphasis role="bold">Poczytaj <link linkend="dvd">Sekcję DVD</link></emphasis>!
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62 </simpara></listitem>
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63 </itemizedlist>
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64
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65 <para>
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66 Serie klatek tworzą niezależne grupy w plikach MPEG. To oznacza, że możesz
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67 ciąć/łączyć plik MPEG za pomocą zwykłych narzędzi plikowych (typu
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68 <command>dd</command>, <command>cut</command>) i pozostaje on całkowicie
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69 funkcjonalny.
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70 </para>
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71
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72 <para>
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73 Jedną ważną cechą plików MPG jest to, że zawierają pole opisujące stosunek
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74 szerokości do wysokości obrazu. Na przykład pliki SVCD zawierają obraz
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75 o rozdzielczości 480x480, a w nagłówku pole to jest ustawione na 4:3, więc
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76 odtwarzane są w 640x480. Pliki AVI nie zawierają tego pola, więc muszą być
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77 skalowane w trakcie kodowania lub odtwarzane z opcją <option>-aspect</option>
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78 </para>
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79 </sect3>
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80
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81
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82 <sect3 id="avi">
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83 <title>Pliki AVI</title>
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84
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85 <para>
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86 Zaprojektowane przez Microsoft <emphasis role="bold">pliki AVI
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87 (Audio Video Interleaved)</emphasis> to szeroko stosowany wielofunkcyjny format
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88 aktualnie używany głównie dla video DivX i DivX4. Posiada wiele wad i niedociągnięć
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89 (np. przy strumieniowaniu). Obsługuje jeden strumień video i od 0 do 99 strumieni
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90 audio i może mieć co najwyżej 2 GB, lecz istnieje rozszerzenie, które pozwala na
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91 osiągnięcie większych plików, zwane <emphasis role="bold">OpenDML</emphasis>.
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92 Aktualnie Microsoft usilnie zniechęca do stosowania AVI i zaleca ASF/WMV. Nie żeby
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93 to kogoś obchodziło...
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94 </para>
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95
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96 <para>
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97 Istnieje hack, który pozwala plikom AVI zawierać strumień audio Ogg Vorbis,
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98 ale powoduje to ich niekompatybilność ze zwykłymi AVI.
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99 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje odtwarzanie takich plików.
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100 Skoki są również zaimplementowane, lecz poważnie ograniczone poprzez
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101 źle zakodowane pliki z pomieszanymi nagłówkami tworzonymi przez zepsute
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102 programy. Niestety jedyny program, który potrafi tworzyć takie pliki -
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103 <application>NanDub</application> ma z tym problem.
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104 </para>
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105
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106 <note>
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107 <para>
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108 Kamery DV tworzą surowe strumienie DV, które są konwertowane przez narzędzia
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109 do zgrywania DV do dwóch różnych typów plików AVI. Pliki te zawierają wtedy
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110 albo osobne strumienie audio i video, które <application>MPlayer</application>
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111 potrafi odtwarzać lub surowy strumień DV, którego obsługa jest w trakcie
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112 rozwoju.
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113 </para>
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114 </note>
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115
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116 <para>
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117 Istnieją dwa typy plików AVI:
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118 <itemizedlist>
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119 <listitem><simpara>
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120 <emphasis role="bold">Z przeplotem:</emphasis> Zawartość audio i video jest
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121 przepleciona. Jest to standardowy typ - zalecany i przeważnie używany. Niektóre
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122 narzędzia tworzą przeplatane pliki AVI ze złą synchronizacją.
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123 <application>MPlayer</application> wykrywa je jako przeplatane, ale powoduje
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124 to utratę synchronizacji A/V (najczęściej przy skokach). Pliki te powinny
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125 być odtwarzane jako bez przeplotu (opcja <option>-ni</option>).
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126 </simpara></listitem>
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127 <listitem><simpara>
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128 <emphasis role="bold">Bez przeplotu:</emphasis> Najpierw umieszczony jest
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129 cały strumień video, a potem cały strumień audio. Wymaga to więc dużo
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130 "chodzenia" po pliku, co powoduje, że trudno jest je odtwarzać z sieci lub z
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131 CD-ROMów.
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132 </simpara></listitem>
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133 </itemizedlist>
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134 </para>
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135
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136 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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137 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje dwie metody synchronizacji
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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138 dla plików AVI:
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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139 <itemizedlist>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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140 <listitem><simpara>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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141 <emphasis role="bold">oparte na bps (bitach na sekundę):</emphasis> Oparta
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142 jest na liczbie bitów/próbek na sekundę strumieni audio/video. Metoda ta jest
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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143 stosowana przez większość odtwarzaczy, włączając w to
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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144 <ulink url="http://avifile.sourceforge.net">avifile</ulink> oraz
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
145 <application>Windows Media Player</application>. Pliki z uszkodzonymi
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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146 nagłówkami i pliki z dźwiękiem VBR (Variable Bitrate - zmienne
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
147 tempo bitowe) utworzone za pomocą niekompatybilnego z VBR programu kodującego spowodują
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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148 desynchronizację A/V przy tej metodzie (głównie przy skokach).
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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149 </simpara></listitem>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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150 <listitem><simpara>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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151 <emphasis role="bold">oparte na przeplocie:</emphasis> Nie korzysta z
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152 informacji o tempie bitowym z nagłówka, lecz zamiast tego używa względnej
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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153 pozycji przeplecionych fragmentów audio i video, dzięki czemu źle zakodowane pliki
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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154 z dźwiękiem VBR można normalnie odtwarzać.
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155 </simpara></listitem>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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156 </itemizedlist>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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157 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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158
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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159 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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160 Każdy kodek video i audio jest dozwolony, lecz należy zauważyć, że dźwięk
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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161 VBR nie jest zbyt dobrze obsługiwany przez większość odtwarzaczy. Format pliku
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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162 co prawda pozwala na użycie dźwięku VBR, lecz większość odtwarzaczy spodziewa
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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163 się dźwięku CBR (Constant Bitrate - stałe tempo bitowe), przez co
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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164 zawiodą przy VBR. VBR nie jest powszechny i specyfikacja AVI Microsoftu opisuje
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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165 jedynie CBR. Zauważyłem również, że większość enkoderów/multiplekserów AVI
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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166 tworzy złe pliki z dźwiękiem VBR. Istnieją jedynie dwa wyjątki potwierdzające
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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167 tę regułę:
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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168 <application>NanDub</application> oraz <link linkend="mencoder">MEncoder</link>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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169 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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170 </sect3>
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171
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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172
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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173 <sect3 id="asf-wmv">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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174 <title>Pliki ASF/WMV</title>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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175 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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176 ASF (Active Streaming Format - Aktywny Format Strumieniowania) pochodzi z
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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177 Microsoftu. Rozwinęły się dwa warianty ASF: v1.0 i v2.0. v1.0 jest używana
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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178 przez ich narzędzia medialne (<application>Windows Media Player</application>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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179 oraz <application>Windows Media Encoder</application>) i jest bardzo tajna.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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180 v2.0 jest opublikowana i opatentowana :). Oczywiście różnią się one znacząco i
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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181 nie ma pomiędzy nimi żadnej kompatybilności (kolejna zagrywka legalistyczna).
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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182 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje jedynie v1.0, gdyż nikt jeszcze nie
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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183 widział żadnego pliku v2.0 :). Zauważ, że dzisiejsze pliki ASF mają rozszerzenia
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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184 <filename>.WMA</filename> lub <filename>.WMV</filename>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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185 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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186 </sect3>
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187
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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188
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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189 <sect3 id="qt-mov">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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190 <title>Pliki QuickTime/MOV</title>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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191
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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192 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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193 Formaty te zostały zaprojektowane przez Apple i mogą zawierać dowolny kodek,
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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194 CBR lub VBR. Mają przeważnie rozszerzenie <filename>.QT</filename> lub
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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195 <filename>.MOV</filename>. Warto zauważyć, że grupa MPEG4 wybrała QuickTime
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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196 jako zalecany format pliku dla MPEG4, a ich pliki MOV mają rozszerzenie
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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197 <filename>.MPG</filename> lub <filename>.MP4</filename> (interesujące jest to, że
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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198 strumienie w tych plikach to w rzeczywistości pliki MPG i AAC. Możesz nawet je
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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199 wyciągnąć za pomocą opcji <option>-dumpvideo</option> oraz <option>-dumpaudio</option>).
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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200 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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201
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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202 <note>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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203 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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204 Większość nowych plików QuickTime używa kodeka video <emphasis role="bold">Sorenson</emphasis>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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205 i dźwięku QDesign Music. Zobacz naszą sekcję poświęconą kodekowi
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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206 <link linkend="sorenson">Sorenson</link>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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207 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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208 </note>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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209 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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210
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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211
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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212 <sect3 id="vivo">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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213 <title>Pliki VIVO</title>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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214
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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215 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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216 <application>MPlayer</application> szczęśliwie demultipleksuje pliki VIVO.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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217 Największą niedogodnością formatu jest to, że nie ma on bloku indeksu
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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218 ani stałego rozmiaru pakietu czy bajtów synchronizacji, a większość plików
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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219 nie ma nawet klatek kluczowych, więc zapomnij o skakaniu po filmie!
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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220 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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221
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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222 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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223 Kodek video plików VIVO/1.0 to standardowy <emphasis role="bold">h.263</emphasis>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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224 Kodek video plików VIVO/2.0 to zmodyfikowany, niestandardowy
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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225 <emphasis role="bold">h.263v2</emphasis>. Dźwięk jest ten sam i może to być
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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226 <emphasis role="bold">g.723 (standardowy)</emphasis> lub
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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227 <emphasis role="bold">Vivo Siren</emphasis>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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228 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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229
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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230 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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231 Zobacz sekcje
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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232 <link linkend="vivo-video">Kodeka video VIVO</link> i
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
233 <link linkend="vivo-audio">Kodeka audio VIVO</link>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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234 by uzyskać informacje na temat instalacji.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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235 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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236 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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237
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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238
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
239 <sect3 id="fli">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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240 <title>Pliki FLI</title>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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241 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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242 <emphasis role="bold">FLI</emphasis> jest bardzo starym formatem używanym przez
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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243 Autodesk Animator, lecz jest to powszechny w sieci format dla krótkich animacji.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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244 <application>MPlayer</application> demultipleksuje i dekoduje pliki FLI i potrafi
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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245 nawet po nich skakać (użyteczne przy zapętlaniu za pomocą opcji
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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246 <option>-loop</option>). Pliki FLI nie zawierają klatek kluczowych, więc obraz
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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247 będzie trochę zaśmiecony przez krótką chwilę po skoku.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
248 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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249 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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250
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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251
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
252 <sect3 id="realmedia">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
253 <title>Pliki RealMedia (RM)</title>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
254
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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255 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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256 Tak, <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi czytać (demultipleksować)
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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257 pliki RealMedia (<filename>.rm</filename>). Skoki działają, ale musisz dodatkowo
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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258 podać opcję <option>-forceidx</option> (format obsługuje klatki kluczowe).
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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259 Tu znajdziesz listę obsługiwanych kodeków <link linkend="realvideo">RealVideo</link>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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260 i <link linkend="realaudio">RealAudio</link>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
261 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
262 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
263
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
264
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
265 <sect3 id="nuppelvideo">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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266 <title>Pliki NuppelVideo</title>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
267 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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268 <ulink url="http://mars.tuwien.ac.at/~roman/nuppelvideo">NuppelVideo</ulink>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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269 jest narzędziem do zgrywania TV (AFAIK :). <application>MPlayer</application>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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270 potrafi czytać jego pliki <filename>.NUV</filename> (tylko NuppelVideo 5.0). Pliki
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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271 te mogą zawierać klatki: nieskompresowane YV12, skompresowane YV12+RTJpeg, skompresowane
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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272 YV12 RTJpeg+lzo i skompresowane YV12+lzo. <application>MPlayer</application> dekoduje je
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273 (a nawet <emphasis role="bold">koduje</emphasis> za pomocą <application>MEncodera</application>)
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274 wszystkie. Działają również skoki.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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275 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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276 </sect3>
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277
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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278
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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279 <sect3 id="yuv4mpeg">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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280 <title>pliki yuv4mpeg</title>
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281 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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282 <ulink url="http://mjpeg.sourceforge.net">yuv4mpeg / yuv4mpeg2</ulink>
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283 to format plików stosowany przez
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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284 <ulink url="http://mjpeg.sf.net">programy mjpegtools</ulink>.
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285 Możesz zgrywać, produkować, filtrować lub kodować video w tym formacie za pomocą
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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286 tych narzędzi. Format ten jest w rzeczywistości sekwencją nieskompresowanych
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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287 obrazów YUV 4:2:0.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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288 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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289 </sect3>
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290
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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291
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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292 <sect3 id="film">
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293 <title>Pliki FILM</title>
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294 <para>
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295 Format ten jest używany przez stare gry CD-ROM na Sega Saturn.
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296 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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297 </sect3>
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298
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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299
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
300 <sect3 id="roq">
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301 <title>Pliki RoQ</title>
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302 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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303 Pliki RoQ to pliki multimedialne używane w niektórych grach ID, np.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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304 Quake III czy Return to Castle Wolfenstein.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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305 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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306 </sect3>
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307
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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308
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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309 <sect3 id="ogg">
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310 <title>Pliki OGG/OGM</title>
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311 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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312 Jest to nowy format plików z <ulink url="http://www.xiph.org">Xiphophorus</ulink>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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313 Może zawierać dowolne kodeki audio i video, CBR lub VBR. Będziesz potrzebował
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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314 zainstalowanych bibliotek <systemitem class="library">libogg</systemitem>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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315 oraz <systemitem class="library">libvorbis</systemitem> zanim skompilujesz
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316 <application>MPlayera</application> by móc go odtwarzać.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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317 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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318 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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319
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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320
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
321 <sect3 id="sdp">
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322 <title>Pliki SDP</title>
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323 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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324 <ulink url="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2327.txt">SDP</ulink> to standardowy
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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325 format IETF dla opisu strumieni RTP audio i/lub video.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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326 (Wymagane jest &quot;<ulink url="http://www.live.com/mplayer/">LIVE.COM Streaming Media</ulink>&quot;.)
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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327 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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328 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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329
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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330
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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331 <sect3 id="pva">
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332 <title>Pliki PVA</title>
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333 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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334 PVA to format MPEGo-podobny używany przez oprogramowanie kart DVB (np.:
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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335 <application>MultiDec</application> lub <application>WinTV</application> pod Windows).
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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336 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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337
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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338 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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339 Specyfikacje PVA są do pobrania pod następującym adresem:
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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340 <ulink url="http://www.technotrend.de/download/av_format_v1.pdf"/>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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341 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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342 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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343
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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344
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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345 <sect3 id="gif">
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346 <title>Pliki GIF</title>
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347 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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348 Format <emphasis role="bold">GIF</emphasis> jest powszechnym formatem zapisu
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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349 grafiki sieciowej. Istnieją dwie wersje specyfikacji GIF: GIF87a oraz GIF89a.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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350 Główną różnicą jest to, że GIF89a pozwala na animację. MPlayer obsługuje oba
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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351 formaty plików za pomocą biblioteki <systemitem class="library">libungif</systemitem>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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352 lub innej, kompatybilnej z libgif biblioteki. Nieanimowane GIFy są wyświetlane
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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353 jako filmy o pojedynczej klatce. (Użyj opcji <option>-loop</option> oraz
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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354 <option>-fixed-vo</option> by wyświetlić je dłużej)
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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355 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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356
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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357 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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358 <application>MPlayer</application> obecnie nie pozwala na skoki w plikach GIF.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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359 Pliki GIF bowiem niekoniecznie muszą mieć stałego rozmiaru klatki, ani stałej
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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360 prędkości odtwarzania. Raczej każda klatka jest niezależnego rozmiaru i ma
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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361 zostać umiejscowiona w odpowiednim miejscu na polu o ustalonym rozmiarze.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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362 Prędkość odtwarzania jest kontrolowana za pomocą opcjonalnego bloku przed
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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363 każdą klatką, która ustala opóźnienie kolejnej klatki w setnych sekundy.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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364 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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365
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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366 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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367 Standardowe pliki GIF zawierają 24-bitowe klatki RGB z co najwyżej 8-bitową
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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368 indeksowaną paletą. Klatki te są przeważnie kompresowane za pomocą LZW, lecz
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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369 niektóre kodery produkują nieskompresowane klatki by uniknąć problemów
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
370 patentowych w związku z kompresją LZW.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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371 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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372
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
373 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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374 Jeśli Twoja dystrybucja nie zawiera biblioteki <systemitem class="library">libungif</systemitem>,
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
375 pobierz ją ze
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
376 <ulink url="http://prtr-13.ucsc.edu/~badger/software/libungif/index.shtml">strony domowej libungif</ulink>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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377 By uzyskać szczegółowe informacje techniczne, zajrzyj do
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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378 <ulink url="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif89a.txt">specyfikacji GIF89a</ulink>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
379 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
380 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
381 </sect2>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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382
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
383 <!-- ********** -->
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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384
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
385 <sect2 id="audio-formats">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
386 <title>Formaty audio</title>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
387
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
388 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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389 <application>MPlayer</application> jest odtwarzaczem
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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390 <emphasis role="bold">filmów</emphasis>, a nie <emphasis role="bold">mediów</emphasis>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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391 Potrafi jednak odtwarzać niektóre pliki audio (są one wymienione w sekcjach poniżej).
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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392 Nie jest to jednak zalecane zastosowanie <application>MPlayera</application>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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393 Powinieneś raczej użyć <ulink url="http://www.xmms.org">XMMSa</ulink>.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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394 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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395
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
396 <sect3 id="mp3">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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397 <title>Pliki MP3</title>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
398 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
399 Możesz mieć pewne problemy przy odtwarzaniu niektórych plików
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
400 MP3, które <application>MPlayer</application> błędnie rozpozna jako
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
401 MPEG i odtworzy je nieprawidłowo lub nie odtworzy ich wcale. Nie da się
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
402 tego naprawić bez porzucenia wsparcia obsługi uszkodzonych plików
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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403 MPEG i tak prawdopodobnie zostanie przez najbliższą przyszłość. Opcja
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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404 <option>-demuxer</option> opisana na stronie man może pomóc Ci w takich
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
405 przypadkach.
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
406 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
407 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
408
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
409 <sect3 id="wav">
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
410 <title>Pliki WAV</title>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
411 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
412 </para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
413 </sect3>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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diff changeset
414
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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415 <sect3 id="ogg-vorbis">
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416 <title>Pliki OGG/OGM (Vorbis)</title>
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417 <para>
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418 Wymaga poprawnie zainstalowanych bibliotek
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419 <systemitem class="library">libogg</systemitem> i
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420 <systemitem class="library">libvorbis</systemitem>.
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421 </para>
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422 </sect3>
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423
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424 <sect3 id="wma-asf">
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425 <title>Pliki WMA/ASF</title>
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426 <para>
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427 </para>
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428 </sect3>
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429
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430 <sect3 id="mp4">
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431 <title>Pliki MP4</title>
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432 <para></para>
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433 </sect3>
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434
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435 <sect3 id="cdda">
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436 <title>CD audio</title>
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437 <para>
0706b9c769d6 more files by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and crew
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438 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi korzystać z programu
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439 <application>cdparanoia</application> do odtwarzania CDDA (Audio CD). Sekcja
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440 ta nie zawiera spisu możliwości programu <application>cdparanoia</application>.
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441 </para>
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442
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443 <para>
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444 Zajrzyj do strony man i przeczytaj opis opcji <option>-cdda</option>, która może
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445 zostać wykorzystana do przekazania opcji do programu <application>cdparanoia</application>.
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446 </para>
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447 </sect3>
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448
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449 <sect3 id="xmms">
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450 <title>XMMS</title>
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451 <para>
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452 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi korzystać z wtyczek wejścia z programu
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453 <application>XMMS</application> do odtwarzania wielu formatów. Istnieją wtyczki do
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454 muzyczek z gier na SNES, muzyczek SID (z Commodore 64), wielu formatów Amigi, .xm,
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455 .it, VQF, musepack, Bonk, shorten i wielu innych. Możesz znaleźć je na
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456 <ulink url="http://www.xmms.org/plugins_input.html">Stronie wtyczek wejściowych do
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457 XMMS</ulink>.
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458 </para>
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459
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460 <para>
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461 Do obsługi tej możliwości musisz mieć <application>XMMSa</application> i skompilować
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462 <application>MPlayera</application> za pomocą <filename>./configure --enable-xmms</filename>.
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463 Jeśli to nie zadziała, być może musisz ustawić ścieżki do wtyczek i bibliotek
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464 <application>XMMSa</application> ręcznie za pomocą opcji konfiguracji
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465 <option>--with-xmmsplugindir</option> i <option>--with-xmmslibdir</option>
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466 </para>
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467 </sect3>
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468 </sect2>
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469 </sect1>