annotate DOCS/xml/en/mencoder.xml @ 15492:d2073ff48b5b

Fixes the vobsub extraction example
author gpoirier
date Mon, 16 May 2005 21:06:09 +0000
parents fbda59d597ba
children 7bd5a7fb8a75
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
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2 <!-- $Revision$ -->
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3 <chapter id="mencoder">
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4 <title>Encoding with <application>MEncoder</application></title>
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5
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6 <para>
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7 For the complete list of available <application>MEncoder</application> options
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8 and examples, please see the man page. For a series of hands-on examples and
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9 detailed guides on using several encoding parameters, read the
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10 <ulink url="../../tech/encoding-tips.txt">encoding-tips</ulink> that were
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11 collected from several mailing list threads on MPlayer-users. Search the
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12 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/pipermail/mplayer-users/">archives</ulink>
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13 for a wealth of discussions about all aspects of and problems related to
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14 encoding with <application>MEncoder</application>.
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15 </para>
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16
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17 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg4">
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18 <title>Encoding two pass MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;)</title>
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19
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20 <para>
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21 The name comes from the fact that this method encodes the file <emphasis>twice</emphasis>.
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22 The first encoding (dubbed pass) creates some temporary files
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23 (<filename>*.log</filename>) with a size of few megabytes, do not delete
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24 them yet (you can delete the AVI). In the second pass, the two pass output
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25 file is created, using the bitrate data from the temporary files. The
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26 resulting file will have much better image quality. If this is the first
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27 time you heard about this, you should consult some guides available on the
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28 net.
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29 </para>
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30
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31 <example>
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32 <title>copy audio track</title>
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33 <para>
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34 Two pass encode of a DVD to an MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;) AVI while copying
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35 the audio track.
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36 <screen>
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37 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac copy -o <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable>
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38 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 -oac copy -o <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable>
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39 </screen>
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40 </para>
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41 </example>
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42
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43 <example>
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44 <title>encode audio track</title>
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45 <para>
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46 Two pass encode of a DVD to an MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;) AVI while encoding
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47 the audio track to MP3.
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48 <screen>
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49 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable>
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50 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable>
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51 </screen>
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52 </para>
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53 </example>
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54 </sect1>
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55
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56 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg">
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57 <title>Encoding to MPEG format</title>
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58 <para>
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59 <application>MEncoder</application> can create MPEG (MPEG-PS) format output
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60 files. It is probably useful only with
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61 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link>'s
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62 <emphasis>mpeg1video</emphasis> codec, because players - except
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63 <application>MPlayer</application> - expect MPEG-1 video, and MPEG-1 layer 2 (MP2)
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64 audio streams in MPEG files.
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65 </para>
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66
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67 <para>
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68 This feature is not very useful right now, aside that it probably has many bugs,
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69 but the more importantly because <application>MEncoder</application> currently
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70 cannot encode MPEG-1 layer 2 (MP2) audio, which all other players expect in MPEG files.
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71 </para>
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72
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73 <para>
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74 To change <application>MEncoder</application>'s output file format,
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75 use the <option>-of mpeg</option> option.
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76 </para>
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77
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78 <para>
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79 Example:
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80 <screen>
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81 mencoder -of mpeg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video -oac copy <replaceable>other_options</replaceable> <replaceable>media.avi</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.mpg</replaceable>
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82 </screen>
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83 </para>
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84 </sect1>
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85
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86
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87 <sect1 id="menc-feat-rescale">
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88 <title>Rescaling movies</title>
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89
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90 <para>
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91 Often the need to resize movie images' size emerges. Its reasons can be
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92 many: decreasing file size, network bandwidth,etc. Most people even do
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93 rescaling when converting DVDs or SVCDs to DivX AVI. If you wish to rescale,
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94 read the <link linkend="aspect">Preserving aspect ratio</link> section.
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95 </para>
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96
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97 <para>
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98 The scaling process is handled by the <literal>scale</literal> video filter:
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99 <option>-vf scale=<replaceable>width</replaceable>:<replaceable>height</replaceable></option>.
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100 Its quality can be set with the <option>-sws</option> option.
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101 If it is not specified, <application>MEncoder</application> will use 2: bicubic.
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102 </para>
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103
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104 <para>
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105 Usage:
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106 <screen>
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107 mencoder <replaceable>input.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4 -vf scale=640:480 -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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108 </screen>
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109 </para>
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110 </sect1>
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111
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112
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113 <sect1 id="menc-feat-streamcopy">
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114 <title>Stream copying</title>
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115
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116 <para>
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117 <application>MEncoder</application> can handle input streams in two ways:
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118 <emphasis role="bold">encode</emphasis> or <emphasis role="bold">copy</emphasis>
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119 them. This section is about <emphasis role="bold">copying</emphasis>.
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120 </para>
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121
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122 <itemizedlist>
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123 <listitem><para>
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124 <emphasis role="bold">Video stream</emphasis> (option <option>-ovc copy</option>):
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125 nice stuff can be done :) Like, putting (not converting!) FLI or VIVO or
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126 MPEG-1 video into an AVI file! Of course only
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127 <application>MPlayer</application> can play such files :) And it probably
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128 has no real life value at all. Rationally: video stream copying can be
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129 useful for example when only the audio stream has to be encoded (like,
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130 uncompressed PCM to MP3).
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131 </para></listitem>
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132 <listitem><para>
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133 <emphasis role="bold">Audio stream</emphasis> (option <option>-oac copy</option>):
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134 straightforward. It is possible to take an external audio file (MP3,
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135 WAV) and mux it into the output stream. Use the
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136 <option>-audiofile <replaceable>filename</replaceable></option> option
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137 for this.
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138 </para></listitem>
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139 </itemizedlist>
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140 </sect1>
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141
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142
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143 <sect1 id="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec">
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144 <title>Encoding with the <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>
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145 codec family</title>
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146
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147 <para>
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148 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link>
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149 provides simple encoding to a lot of interesting video and audio formats.
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150 You can encode to the following codecs (more or less up to date):
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151
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152 <informaltable frame="all">
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153 <tgroup cols="2">
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154 <thead>
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155 <row><entry>Codec name</entry><entry>Description</entry></row>
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156 </thead>
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157 <tbody>
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158 <row><entry>mjpeg</entry><entry>
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159 Motion JPEG
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160 </entry></row>
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161 <row><entry>ljpeg</entry><entry>
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162 Lossless JPEG
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163 </entry></row>
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164 <row><entry>h263</entry><entry>
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165 H.263
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166 </entry></row>
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167 <row><entry>h263p</entry><entry>
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168 H.263+
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169 </entry></row>
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170 <row><entry>mpeg4</entry><entry>
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171 ISO standard MPEG-4 (DivX 5, XVID compatible)
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172 </entry></row>
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173 <row><entry>msmpeg4</entry><entry>
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174 pre-standard MPEG-4 variant by MS, v3 (AKA DivX3)
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175 </entry></row>
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176 <row><entry>msmpeg4v2</entry><entry>
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177 pre-standard MPEG-4 by MS, v2 (used in old asf files)
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178 </entry></row>
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179 <row><entry>wmv1</entry><entry>
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180 Windows Media Video, version 1 (AKA WMV7)
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181 </entry></row>
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182 <row><entry>wmv2</entry><entry>
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183 Windows Media Video, version 2 (AKA WMV8)
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184 </entry></row>
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185 <row><entry>rv10</entry><entry>
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186 an old RealVideo codec
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187 </entry></row>
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188 <row><entry>mpeg1video</entry><entry>
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189 MPEG-1 video
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190 </entry></row>
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191 <row><entry>mpeg2video</entry><entry>
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192 MPEG-2 video
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193 </entry></row>
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194 <row><entry>huffyuv</entry><entry>
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195 lossless compression
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196 </entry></row>
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197 <row><entry>asv1</entry><entry>
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198 ASUS Video v1
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199 </entry></row>
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200 <row><entry>asv2</entry><entry>
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201 ASUS Video v2
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202 </entry></row>
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203 <row><entry>ffv1</entry><entry>
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204 FFmpeg's lossless video codec
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205 </entry></row>
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206 </tbody>
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207 </tgroup>
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208 </informaltable>
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209
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210 The first column contains the codec names that should be passed after the
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211 <literal>vcodec</literal> config, like: <option>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4</option>
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212 </para>
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213
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214 <informalexample>
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215 <para>
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216 An example, with MJPEG compression:
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217 <screen>mencoder dvd://2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg -oac copy</screen>
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218 </para>
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219 </informalexample>
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220 </sect1>
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221
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222
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223 <sect1 id="menc-feat-enc-images">
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224 <title>Encoding from multiple input image files (JPEG, PNG, TGA, SGI)</title>
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225
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226 <para>
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227 <application>MEncoder</application> is capable of creating movies from one
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228 or more JPEG, PNG or TGA files. With simple framecopy it can create MJPEG
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229 (Motion JPEG), MPNG (Motion PNG) or MTGA (Motion TGA) files.
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230 </para>
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231
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232 <orderedlist>
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233 <title>Explanation of the process:</title>
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234 <listitem><para>
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235 <application>MEncoder</application> <emphasis>decodes</emphasis> the input image(s) with
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236 <systemitem class="library">libjpeg</systemitem> (when decoding PNGs, it
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237 will use <systemitem class="library">libpng</systemitem>).
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238 </para></listitem>
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239 <listitem><para>
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240 <application>MEncoder</application> then feeds the decoded image to the
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241 chosen video compressor (DivX4, XviD, FFmpeg msmpeg4, etc.).
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242 </para></listitem>
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243 </orderedlist>
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244
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245 <formalpara>
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246 <title>Examples</title>
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247 <para>
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248 The explanation of the <option>-mf</option> option is in the man page.
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249
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250 <informalexample>
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251 <para>
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252 Creating an MPEG-4 file from all the JPEG files in the current directory:
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253 <screen>
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254 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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255 </screen>
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256 </para>
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257 </informalexample>
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258
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259 <informalexample>
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260 <para>
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261 Creating an MPEG-4 file from some JPEG files in the current directory:
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262 <screen>
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263 mencoder mf://<replaceable>frame001.jpg,frame002.jpg</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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264 </screen>
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265 </para>
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266 </informalexample>
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267
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268 <informalexample>
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269 <para>
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270 Creating a Motion JPEG (MJPEG) file from all the JPEG files in the current
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271 directory:
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272 <screen>
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273 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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274 </screen>
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275 </para>
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276 </informalexample>
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277
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278 <informalexample>
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279 <para>
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280 Creating an uncompressed file from all the PNG files in the current directory:
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281 <screen>
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282 mencoder mf:// -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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283 </screen>
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284 </para>
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285 </informalexample>
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286
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287 <note><para>
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288 Width must be integer multiple of 4, it is a limitation of the RAW RGB AVI format.
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289 </para></note>
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290
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291 <informalexample>
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292 <para>
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293 Creating a Motion PNG (MPNG) file from all the PNG files in the current
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294 directory:
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295 <screen>
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296 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> <!--
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297 --></screen>
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298 </para>
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299 </informalexample>
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300
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301 <informalexample>
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302 <para>
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303 Creating a Motion TGA (MTGA) file from all the TGA files in the current
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304 directory:
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305 <screen>
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306 mencoder mf://*.tga -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=tga -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable><!--
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307 --></screen>
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308 </para>
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309 </informalexample>
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310
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311 </para>
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312 </formalpara>
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313 </sect1>
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314
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315
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316 <sect1 id="menc-feat-extractsub">
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317 <title>Extracting DVD subtitles to VOBsub file</title>
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318
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319 <para>
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320 <application>MEncoder</application> is capable of extracting subtitles from
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321 a DVD into VOBsub formatted files. They consist of a pair of files ending in
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322 <filename>.idx</filename> and <filename>.sub</filename> and are usually
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323 packaged in a single <filename>.rar</filename> archive.
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324 <application>MPlayer</application> can play these with the
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325 <option>-vobsub</option> and <option>-vobsubid</option> options.
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326 </para>
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327
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328 <para>
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329 You specify the basename (i.e without the <filename>.idx</filename> or
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330 <filename>.sub</filename> extension) of the output files with
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331 <option>-vobsubout</option> and the index for this subtitle in the
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332 resulting files with <option>-vobsuboutindex</option>.
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333 </para>
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334
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335 <para>
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336 If the input is not from a DVD you should use <option>-ifo</option> to
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337 indicate the <filename>.ifo</filename> file needed to construct the
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338 resulting <filename>.idx</filename> file.
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339 </para>
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340
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341 <para>
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342 If the input is not from a DVD and you do not have the
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343 <filename>.ifo</filename> file you will need to use the
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344 <option>-vobsubid</option> option to let it know what language id to put in
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345 the <filename>.idx</filename> file.
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346 </para>
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347
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348 <para>
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349 Each run will append the running subtitle if the <filename>.idx</filename>
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350 and <filename>.sub</filename> files already exist. So you should remove any
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351 before starting.
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352 </para>
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353
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354 <example>
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355 <title>Copying two subtitles from a DVD while doing two pass encoding</title>
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356 <screen>
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357 rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub
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358 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 -sid 2
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359 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 1 -sid 5<!--
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360 --></screen>
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361 </example>
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362
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363 <example>
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364 <title>Copying a french subtitle from an MPEG file</title>
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365 <screen>
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366 rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub
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367 mencoder <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> -ifo <replaceable>movie.ifo</replaceable> -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 -vobsuboutid fr -sid 1 -nosound -ovc copy
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368 </screen>
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369 </example>
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370
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371 </sect1>
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372
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373 <sect1 id="aspect">
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374 <title>Preserving aspect ratio</title>
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375 <para>
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376 DVDs and SVCDs (i.e. MPEG-1/2) files contain an aspect ratio value, which
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377 describes how the player should scale the video stream, so humans will not
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378 have egg heads (ex.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). However when encoding to AVI
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379 (DivX) files, you have be aware that AVI headers do not store this value.
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380 Rescaling the movie is disgusting and time consuming, there has to be a better
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381 way!
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382 </para>
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383
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384 <para>There is</para>
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385
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386 <para>
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387 MPEG-4 has an unique feature: the video stream can contain its needed aspect
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388 ratio. Yes, just like MPEG-1/2 (DVD, SVCD) and H.263 files. Regretfully, there are
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389 <emphasis role="bold">no</emphasis> video players outside which support this
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390 attribute of MPEG-4, except <application>MPlayer</application>.
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391 </para>
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392
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393 <para>
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394 This feature can be used only with
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395 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link>'s
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396 <systemitem>mpeg4</systemitem> codec. Keep in mind: although
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397 <application>MPlayer</application> will correctly play the created file,
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398 other players will use the wrong aspect ratio.
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399 </para>
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400
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401 <para>
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402 You seriously should crop the black bands over and below the movie image.
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403 See the man page for the usage of the <systemitem>cropdetect</systemitem> and
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404 <systemitem>crop</systemitem> filters.
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405 </para>
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406
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407 <para>
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408 Usage
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409 <screen>mencoder <replaceable>sample-svcd.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:autoaspect -vf crop=714:548:0:14 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable></screen>
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410 </para>
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411 </sect1>
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412
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413 <sect1 id="custommatrices"><title>Custom inter/intra matrices</title>
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414
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415 <para>
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416 With this feature of
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417 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link>
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418 you are able to set custom inter (I-frames/keyframes) and intra
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419 (P-frames/predicted frames) matrices. It is supported by many of the codecs:
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420 <systemitem>mpeg1video</systemitem> and <systemitem>mpeg2video</systemitem>
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421 are reported as working.
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422 </para>
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423
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424 <para>
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425 A typical usage of this feature is to set the matrices preferred by the
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426 <ulink url="http://www.kvcd.net/">KVCD</ulink> specifications.
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427 </para>
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428
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429 <para>
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430 The <emphasis role="bold">KVCD &quot;Notch&quot; Quantization Matrix:</emphasis>
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431 </para>
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432
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433 <para>
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434 Intra:
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435 <screen>
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436 8 9 12 22 26 27 29 34
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437 9 10 14 26 27 29 34 37
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438 12 14 18 27 29 34 37 38
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439 22 26 27 31 36 37 38 40
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440 26 27 29 36 39 38 40 48
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441 27 29 34 37 38 40 48 58
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442 29 34 37 38 40 48 58 69
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443 34 37 38 40 48 58 69 79
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444 </screen>
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445
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446 Inter:
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447 <screen>
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448 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
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449 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
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450 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34
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451 22 24 26 30 32 32 34 36
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452 24 26 28 32 34 34 36 38
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453 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
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454 28 30 32 34 36 38 42 42
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455 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
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456 </screen>
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457 </para>
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458
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459 <para>
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460 Usage:
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461 <screen>
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462 $ mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts inter_matrix=...:intra_matrix=...
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463 </screen>
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464 </para>
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465
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466 <para>
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467 <screen>
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468 $ mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts
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469 vcodec=mpeg2video:intra_matrix=8,9,12,22,26,27,29,34,9,10,14,26,27,29,34,37,
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470 12,14,18,27,29,34,37,38,22,26,27,31,36,37,38,40,26,27,29,36,39,38,40,48,27,
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471 29,34,37,38,40,48,58,29,34,37,38,40,48,58,69,34,37,38,40,48,58,69,79
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472 :inter_matrix=16,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,32,20,22,24,26,
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473 28,30,32,34,22,24,26,30,32,32,34,36,24,26,28,32,34,34,36,38,26,28,30,32,34,
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474 36,38,40,28,30,32,34,36,38,42,42,30,32,34,36,38,40,42,44 -oac copy -o svcd.mpg
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475 </screen>
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476 </para>
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477 </sect1>
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478
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479 <sect1 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4">
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480 <title>Making a high quality MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;) rip of a DVD movie</title>
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481
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482 <para>
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483 One frequently asked question is "How do I make the highest quality rip for
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484 a given size?". Another question is "How do I make the highest quality DVD
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485 rip possible? I do not care about file size, I just want the best quality."
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486 </para>
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487
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488 <para>
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489 The latter question is perhaps at least somewhat wrongly posed. After all, if
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490 you do not care about file size, why not simply copy the entire MPEG-2 video
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491 stream from the the DVD? Sure, your AVI will end up being 5GB, give
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492 or take, but if you want the best quality and do not care about size,
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493 this is certainly your best option.
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494 </para>
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495
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496 <para>
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497 In fact, the reason you want to transcode a DVD into MPEG-4 is
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498 specifically because you <emphasis role="bold">do</emphasis> care about
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
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499 file size.
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500 </para>
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501
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502 <para>
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503 It is difficult to offer a cookbook recipe on how to create a very high
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504 quality DVD rip. There are several factors to consider, and you should
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505 understand these details or else you are likely to end up disappointed
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506 with your results. Below we will investigate some of these issues, and
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507 then have a look at an example. We assume you are using
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508 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> to encode the video,
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509 although the theory applies to other codecs as well.
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510 </para>
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511
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512 <para>
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513 If this seems to be too much for you, you should probably use one of the
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514 many fine frontends that are listed in the
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515 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/homepage/design7/projects.html#mencoder_frontends">MEncoder section</ulink>
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516 of our related projects page.
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517 That way, you should be able to achieve high quality rips without too much
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518 thinking, because most of those tools are designed to take clever decisions
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519 for you.
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520 </para>
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521
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522 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-preparing-encode">
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523 <title>Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate</title>
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524 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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525 Before you even think about encoding a movie, you need to take
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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526 several preliminary steps.
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527 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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528
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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529 <para>
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530 The first and most important step before you encode should be
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531 determining what type of content you are dealing with.
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532 If your source material comes from DVD or broadcast/cable/satellite
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533 TV, it will be stored in one of two formats: NTSC for North
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
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534 America and Japan, PAL for Europe, etc.
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
535 It is important to realize, however, that this is just the formatting for
15446
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gpoirier
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536 presentation on a television, and often does
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
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537 <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> correspond to the
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
538 original format of the movie.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
539 In order to produce a suitable encode, you need to know the original
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
540 format.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
541 Failure to take this into account will result in ugly combing
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
542 (interlacing) artifacts in your encode.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
543 Besides being ugly, the artifacts also harm coding efficiency:
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
544 You will get worse quality per bitrate.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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545 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
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546
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
547 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-preparing-encode-fps">
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
548 <title>Identifying source framerate</title>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
549 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
550 Here is a list of common types of source material, where you are
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
551 likely to find them, and their properties:
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
552 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
553 <itemizedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
554 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
555 <emphasis role="bold">Standard Film</emphasis>: Produced for
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
556 theatrical display at 24fps.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
557 </para></listitem>
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
558 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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559 <emphasis role="bold">PAL video</emphasis>: Recorded with a PAL
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
560 video camera at 50 fields per second.
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
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parents: 15446
diff changeset
561 A field consists of just the odd- or even-numbered lines of a
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
562 frame.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
563 Television was designed to refresh these in alternation as a
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
564 cheap form of analog compression.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
565 The human eye supposedly compensates for this, but once you
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
566 understand interlacing you will learn to see it on TV too and
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
567 never enjoy TV again.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
568 Two fields do <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> make a
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
569 complete frame, because they are captured 1/50 of a second apart
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
570 in time, and thus they do not line up unless there is no motion.
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diff changeset
571 </para></listitem>
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gpoirier
parents: 15427
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572 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
573 <emphasis role="bold">NTSC Video</emphasis>: Recorded with an
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
574 NTSC video camera at 60000/1001 fields per second, or 60 fields per
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
575 second in the pre-color era.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
576 Otherwise similar to PAL.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
577 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
578 <listitem><para>
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gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
579 <emphasis role="bold">Animation</emphasis>: Usually drawn at
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
580 24fps, but also comes in mixed-framerate varieties.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
581 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
582 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
583 <emphasis role="bold">Computer Graphics (CG)</emphasis>: Can be
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
584 any framerate, but some are more common than others; 24 and
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
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diff changeset
585 30 frames per second are typical for NTSC, and 25fps is typical
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
586 for PAL.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
587 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
588 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
589 <emphasis role="bold">Old Film</emphasis>: Various lower
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
590 framerates.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
591 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
592 </itemizedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
593 </sect3>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
594
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
595 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-preparing-encode-material">
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
596 <title>Identifying source material</title>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
597 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
598 Movies consisting of frames are referred to as progressive,
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
599 while those consisting of independent fields are called
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
600 either interlaced or video - though this latter term is
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
601 ambiguous.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
602 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
603 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
604 To further complicate matters, some movies will be a mix of
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
605 several of the above.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
606 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
607 <para>
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diff changeset
608 The most important distinction to make between all of these
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
609 formats is that some are frame-based, while others are
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
610 field-based.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
611 <emphasis role="bold">Whenever</emphasis> a movie is prepared
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
612 for display on television (including DVD), it is converted to a
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
613 field-based format.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
614 The various methods by which this can be done are collectively
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
615 referred to as "pulldown", of which the infamous NTSC
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
616 "3:2 telecine" is one variety.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
617 Unless the original material was also field-based (and the same
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
618 fieldrate), you are getting the movie in a format other than the
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
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diff changeset
619 original.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
620 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
621
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
622 <itemizedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
623 <title>There are several common types of pulldown:</title>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
624 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
625 <emphasis role="bold">PAL 2:2 pulldown</emphasis>: The nicest of
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
626 them all.
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
627 Each frame is shown for the duration of two fields, by extracting the
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
628 even and odd lines and showing them in alternation.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
629 If the original material is 24fps, this process speeds up the
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
630 movie by 4%.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
631 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
632 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
633 <emphasis role="bold">PAL 2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:3 pulldown</emphasis>:
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
634 Every 12th frame is shown for the duration of three fields, instead of
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
635 just two.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
636 This avoids the 4% speedup issue, but makes the process much
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
637 more difficult to reverse.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
638 It is usually seen in musical productions where adjusting the
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
639 speed by 4% would seriously damage the musical score.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
640 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
641 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
642 <emphasis role="bold">NTSC 3:2 telecine</emphasis>: Frames are
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
643 shown alternately for the duration of 3 fields or 2 fields.
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
644 This gives a fieldrate 2.5 times the original framerate.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
645 The result is also slowed down very slightly from 60 fields per
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
646 second to 60000/1001 fields per second to maintain NTSC fieldrate.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
647 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
648 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
649 <emphasis role="bold">NTSC 2:2 pulldown</emphasis>: Used for
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
650 showing 30fps material on NTSC.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
651 Nice, just like 2:2 PAL pulldown.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
652 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
653 </itemizedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
654
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
655 <para>
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
656 There are also methods for converting between NTSC and PAL video,
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
657 but such topics are beyond the scope of this guide.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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diff changeset
658 If you encounter such a movie and want to encode it, your best
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
659 bet is to find a copy in the original format.
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
660 Conversion between these two formats is highly destructive and
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
661 cannot be reversed cleanly, so your encode will greatly suffer
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
662 if it is made from a converted source.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
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parents: 15427
diff changeset
663 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
664 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
665 When video is stored on DVD, consecutive pairs of fields are
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
666 grouped as a frame, even though they are not intended to be shown
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
667 at the same moment in time.
15485
62074f6caca7 Hopefully this phrasing is now correct English :-)
gpoirier
parents: 15471
diff changeset
668 The MPEG-2 standard used on DVD and digital TV provides a
62074f6caca7 Hopefully this phrasing is now correct English :-)
gpoirier
parents: 15471
diff changeset
669 way to both encode the original progressive frames and store in
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
670 the header of each frame the number of fields for which it should
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
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diff changeset
671 be shown.
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
672 If this method has been used, the movie will often be described
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
673 as "soft-telecined", since the process only directs the
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
674 DVD player to apply pulldown to the movie rather than altering
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
675 the movie itself.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
676 This case is highly preferable since it can easily be reversed
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
677 (actually ignored) by the encoder, and since it preserves maximal
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
678 quality.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
679 However, many DVD and broadcast production studios do not use
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
680 proper encoding techniques but instead produce movies with
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
681 "hard telecine", where fields are actually duplicated in the
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
682 encoded MPEG-2.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
683 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
684 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
685 The procedures for dealing with these cases will be covered later
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
686 in this guide.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
687 For now, we leave you with some guides to identifying which type
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
688 of material you are dealing with:
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
689 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
690
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
691 <itemizedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
692 <title>NTSC regions:</title>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
693 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
694 If <application>MPlayer</application> prints that the framerate
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
695 has changed to 24000/1001 when watching your movie, and never changes
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
696 back, it is almost certainly progressive content that has been
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
697 "soft telecined".
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
698 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
699 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
700 If <application>MPlayer</application> shows the framerate
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
701 switching back and forth between 24000/1001 and 30000/1001, and you see
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
702 "combing" at times, then there are several possibilities.
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
703 The 24000/1001 fps segments are almost certainly progressive
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
704 content, "soft telecined", but the 30000/1001 fps parts could be
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
705 either hard-telecined 24000/1001 fps content or 60000/1001 fields per second NTSC video.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
706 Use the same guidelines as the following two cases to determine
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
707 which.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
708 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
709 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
710 If <application>MPlayer</application> never shows the framerate
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
711 changing, and every single frame with motion appears combed, your
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
712 movie is NTSC video at 60000/1001 fields per second.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
713 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
714 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
715 If <application>MPlayer</application> never shows the framerate
15471
713d02bb344a some more fixes suggested by The Wanderer and Rich
gpoirier
parents: 15467
diff changeset
716 changing, and two frames out of every five appear combed, your
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
717 movie is "hard telecined" 24000/1001fps content.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
718 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
719 </itemizedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
720
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
721 <itemizedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
722 <title>PAL regions:</title>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
723 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
724 If you never see any combing, your movie is 2:2 pulldown.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
725 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
726 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
727 If you see combing alternating in and out every half second,
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
728 then your movie is 2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:3 pulldown.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
729 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
730 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
731 If you always see combing during motion, then your movie is PAL
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
732 video at 50 fields per second.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
733 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
734 </itemizedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
735
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
736 <note><title>Hint:</title>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
737 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
738 <application>MPlayer</application> can slow down movie playback
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
739 with the -speed option.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
740 Try using <option>-speed</option> 0.2 to watch the movie very
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
741 slowly and identify the pattern, if you cannot see it at full speed.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
742 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
743 </note>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
744 </sect3>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
745 </sect2>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
746
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
747 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-2pass">
15471
713d02bb344a some more fixes suggested by The Wanderer and Rich
gpoirier
parents: 15467
diff changeset
748 <title>Constant quantizer vs. multipass</title>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
749
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
750 <para>
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
751 It is possible to encode your movie at a wide range of qualities.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
752 With modern video encoders and a bit of pre-codec compression
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
753 (downscaling and denoising), it is possible to achieve very good
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
754 quality at 700 MB, for a 90-110 minute widescreen movie.
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
755 Furthermore, all but the longest movies can be encoded with near-perfect
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
756 quality at 1400 MB.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
757 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
758
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
759 <para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
760 There are three approaches to encoding the video: constant bitrate
15471
713d02bb344a some more fixes suggested by The Wanderer and Rich
gpoirier
parents: 15467
diff changeset
761 (CBR), constant quantizer, and multipass (ABR, or average bitrate).
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
762 </para>
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
763
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
764 <note><title>Note:</title>
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
765 <para>
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
766 Most codecs which support ABR encode only support two pass encode
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
767 while some others such as <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
768 and <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> support
15471
713d02bb344a some more fixes suggested by The Wanderer and Rich
gpoirier
parents: 15467
diff changeset
769 multipass, which slightly improves quality at each pass,
15485
62074f6caca7 Hopefully this phrasing is now correct English :-)
gpoirier
parents: 15471
diff changeset
770 yet this improvement is no longer measurable nor noticeable after the
15471
713d02bb344a some more fixes suggested by The Wanderer and Rich
gpoirier
parents: 15467
diff changeset
771 4th or so pass.
713d02bb344a some more fixes suggested by The Wanderer and Rich
gpoirier
parents: 15467
diff changeset
772 Therefore, in this section, two pass and multipass will be used
15467
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
773 interchangeably.
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
774 </para>
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
775 </note>
fed9adae2f26 Nits and corrections suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15446
diff changeset
776
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
777 <para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
778 In each of these modes, <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
779 breaks the video frame into 16x16 pixel macroblocks and then applies a
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
780 quantizer to each macroblock. The lower the quantizer, the better the
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
781 quality and higher the bitrate. The method
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
782 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> uses to determine
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
783 which quantizer to use for a given macroblock varies and is highly
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
784 tunable. (This is an extreme over-simplification of the actual
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
785 process, but the basic concept is useful to understand.)
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
786 </para>
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
787
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
788 <para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
789 When you specify a constant bitrate, <systemitem
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
790 class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> will encode the video, discarding
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
791 detail as much as necessary and as little as possible in order to remain
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
792 lower than the given bitrate. If you truly do not care about file size,
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
793 you could as well use CBR and specify a bitrate of infinity. (In
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
794 practice, this means a value high enough so that it poses no limit, like
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
795 10000Kbit.) With no real restriction on bitrate, the result is that
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
796 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> will use the lowest
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
797 possible quantizer for each macroblock (as specified by
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
798 <option>vqmin</option>, which is 2 by default). As soon as you specify a
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
799 low enough bitrate that <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
800 is forced to use a higher quantizer, then you are almost certainly ruining
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
801 the quality of your video.
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
802 In order to avoid that, you should probably downscale your video, according
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
803 to the method described later on in this guide.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
804 In general, you should avoid CBR altogether if you care about quality.
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
805 </para>
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
806
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
807 <para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
808 With constant quantizer, <systemitem
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
809 class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> uses the same quantizer, as
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
810 specified by the <option>vqscale</option> option, on every macroblock. If
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
811 you want the highest quality rip possible, again ignoring bitrate, you can
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
812 use <option>vqscale=2</option>. This will yield the same bitrate and PSNR
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
813 (peak signal-to-noise ratio) as CBR with
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
814 <option>vbitrate</option>=infinity and the default <option>vqmin</option>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
815 of 2.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
816 </para>
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
817
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
818 <para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
819 The problem with constant quantizing is that it uses the given quantizer
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
820 whether the macroblock needs it or not. That is, it might be possible
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
821 to use a higher quantizer on a macroblock without sacrificing visual
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
822 quality. Why waste the bits on an unnecessarily low quantizer? Your
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
823 CPU has as many cycles as there is time, but there is only so many bits
13523
diego
parents: 13222
diff changeset
824 on your hard disk.
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
825 </para>
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
826
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
827 <para>
14421
4a70b65cd2ae consistent "two pass" spelling
diego
parents: 14131
diff changeset
828 With a two pass encode, the first pass will rip the movie as though it
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
829 were CBR, but it will keep a log of properties for each frame. This
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
830 data is then used during the second pass in order to make intelligent
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
831 decisions about which quantizers to use. During fast action or low
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
832 detail scenes, higher quantizers will likely be used, and during
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
833 slow moving or high detail scenes, lower quantizers will be used.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
834 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
835
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
836 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
837 If you use <option>vqscale=2</option>, then you are wasting bits. If you
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
838 use <option>vqscale=3</option>, then you are not getting the highest
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
839 quality rip. Suppose you rip a DVD at <option>vqscale=3</option>, and
14421
4a70b65cd2ae consistent "two pass" spelling
diego
parents: 14131
diff changeset
840 the result is 1800Kbit. If you do a two pass encode with
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
841 <option>vbitrate=1800</option>, the resulting video will have <emphasis
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
842 role="bold">higher quality</emphasis> for the
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
843 <emphasis role="bold">same bitrate</emphasis>.
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
844 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
845
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
846 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
847 Since you are now convinced that two pass is the way to go, the real
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
848 question now is what bitrate to use? The answer is that there is no
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
849 single answer. Ideally you want to choose a bitrate that yields the
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
850 best balance between quality and file size. This is going to vary
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
851 depending on the source video.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
852 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
853
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
854 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
855 If size does not matter, a good starting point for a very high quality
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
856 rip is about 2000Kbit plus or minus 200Kbit.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
857 For fast action or high detail source video, or if you just have a very
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
858 critical eye, you might decide on 2400 or 2600.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
859 For some DVDs, you might not notice a difference at 1400Kbit. It is a
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
860 good idea to experiment with scenes at different bitrates to get a feel.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
861 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
862
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
863 <para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
864 If you aim at a certain size, you will have to somehow calculate the bitrate.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
865 But before that, you need to know how much space you should reserve for the
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
866 audio track(s), so you should <link linkend="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-audio">rip
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
867 those</link> first.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
868 You can compute the bitrate with the following equation:
15131
3f01fef97002 Fix HTML generation, <equation> is more elaborate in most DTDs.
diego
parents: 15129
diff changeset
869 <systemitem>bitrate = (target_size_in_Mbytes - sound_size_in_Mbytes) *
3f01fef97002 Fix HTML generation, <equation> is more elaborate in most DTDs.
diego
parents: 15129
diff changeset
870 1024 * 1024 / length_in_secs * 8 / 1000</systemitem>
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
871 For instance, to squeeze a two-hour movie onto a 702MB CD, with 60MB
15113
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
872 of audio track, the video bitrate will have to be:
15131
3f01fef97002 Fix HTML generation, <equation> is more elaborate in most DTDs.
diego
parents: 15129
diff changeset
873 <systemitem>(702 - 60) * 1024 * 1024 / (120*60) * 8 / 1000
3f01fef97002 Fix HTML generation, <equation> is more elaborate in most DTDs.
diego
parents: 15129
diff changeset
874 = 740kbps</systemitem>
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
875 </para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
876
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
877 </sect2>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
878
15113
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
879
15114
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
880 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-constraints">
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
881 <title>Constraints for efficient encoding</title>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
882
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
883 <para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
884 Due to the nature of MPEG-type compression, there are various
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
885 constraints you should follow for maximal quality.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
886 MPEG splits the video up into 16x16 squares called macroblocks,
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
887 each composed of 4 8x8 blocks of luma (intensity) information and two
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
888 half-resolution 8x8 chroma (color) blocks (one for red-cyan axis and
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
889 the other for the blue-yellow axis).
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
890 Even if your movie width and height are not multiples of 16, the
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
891 encoder will use enough 16x16 macroblocks to cover the whole picture
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
892 area, and the extra space will go to waste.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
893 So in the interests of maximizing quality at a fixed filesize, it is
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
894 a bad idea to use dimensions that are not multiples of 16.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
895 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
896
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
897 <para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
898 Most DVDs also have some degree of black borders at the edges. Leaving
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
899 these in place can hurt quality in several ways.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
900 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
901
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
902 <orderedlist>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
903 <listitem>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
904 <para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
905 MPEG-type compression is also highly dependent on frequency domain
15129
2075e798f6f2 Typo noticed by Rich
gpoirier
parents: 15114
diff changeset
906 transformations, in particular the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT),
15114
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
907 which is similar to the Fourier transform. This sort of encoding is
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
908 efficient for representing patterns and smooth transitions, but it
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
909 has a hard time with sharp edges. In order to encode them it must
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
910 use many more bits, or else an artifact known as ringing will
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
911 appear.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
912 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
913
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
914 <para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
915 The frequency transform (DCT) takes place separately on each
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
916 macroblock (actually each block), so this problem only applies when
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
917 the sharp edge is inside a block. If your black borders begin
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
918 exactly at multiple-of-16 pixel boundaries, this is not a problem.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
919 However, the black borders on DVDs rarely come nicely aligned, so
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
920 in practice you will always need to crop to avoid this penalty.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
921 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
922 </listitem>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
923 </orderedlist>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
924
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
925 <para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
926 In addition to frequency domain transforms, MPEG-type compression uses
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
927 motion vectors to represent the change from one frame to the next.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
928 Motion vectors naturally work much less efficiently for new content
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
929 coming in from the edges of the picture, because it is not present in
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
930 the previous frame. As long as the picture extends all the way to the
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
931 edge of the encoded region, motion vectors have no problem with
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
932 content moving out the edges of the picture. However, in the presence
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
933 of black borders, there can be trouble:
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
934 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
935
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
936 <orderedlist continuation="continues">
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
937 <listitem>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
938 <para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
939 For each macroblock, MPEG-type compression stores a vector
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
940 identifying which part of the previous frame should be copied into
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
941 this macroblock as a base for predicting the next frame. Only the
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
942 remaining differences need to be encoded. If a macroblock spans the
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
943 edge of the picture and contains part of the black border, then
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
944 motion vectors from other parts of the picture will overwrite the
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
945 black border. This means that lots of bits must be spent either
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
946 re-blackening the border that was overwritten, or (more likely) a
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
947 motion vector will not be used at all and all the changes in this
15114
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
948 macroblock will have to be coded explicitly. Either way, encoding
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
949 efficiency is greatly reduced.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
950 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
951
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
952 <para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
953 Again, this problem only applies if black borders do not line up on
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
954 multiple-of-16 boundaries.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
955 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
956 </listitem>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
957
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
958 <listitem>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
959 <para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
960 Finally, suppose we have a macroblock in the interior of the
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
961 picture, and an object is moving into this block from near the edge
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
962 of the image. MPEG-type coding cannot say "copy the part that is
15114
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
963 inside the picture but not the black border." So the black border
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
964 will get copied inside too, and lots of bits will have to be spent
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
965 encoding the part of the picture that is supposed to be there.
15114
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
966 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
967
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
968 <para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
969 If the picture runs all the way to the edge of the encoded area,
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
970 MPEG has special optimizations to repeatedly copy the pixels at the
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
971 edge of the picture when a motion vector comes from outside the
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
972 encoded area. This feature becomes useless when the movie has black
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
973 borders. Unlike problems 1 and 2, aligning the borders at multiples
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
974 of 16 does not help here.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
975 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
976 </listitem>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
977
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
978 <listitem>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
979 <para>
15210
425dd164a133 Some fixes
wight
parents: 15157
diff changeset
980 Despite the borders being entirely black and never changing, there
15114
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
981 is at least a minimal amount of overhead involved in having more
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
982 macroblocks.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
983 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
984 </listitem>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
985 </orderedlist>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
986
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
987 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
988 For all of these reasons, it is recommended to fully crop black
15114
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
989 borders. Further, if there is an area of noise/distortion at the edge
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
990 of the picture, cropping this will improve encoding efficiency as
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
991 well. Videophile purists who want to preserve the original as close as
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
992 possible may object to this cropping, but unless you plan to encode at
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
993 constant quantizer, the quality you gain from cropping will
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
994 considerably exceed the amount of information lost at the edges.
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
995 </para>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
996 </sect2>
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
997
3d462baeb78e New section "Constraints for efficient encoding",
gpoirier
parents: 15113
diff changeset
998
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
999 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-crop">
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1000 <title>Cropping and Scaling</title>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1001
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1002 <para>
15221
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1003 Recall from the previous section that the final picture size you
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1004 encode should be a multiple of 16 (in both width and height).
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1005 This can be achieved by cropping, scaling, or a combination of both.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1006 </para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1007
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1008 <para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1009 When cropping, there are a few guidelines that must be followed to
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1010 avoid damaging your movie.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1011 The normal YUV format, 4:2:0, stores chroma (color) information
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1012 subsampled, i.e. chroma is only sampled half as often in each
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1013 direction as luma (intensity) information.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1014 Observe this diagram, where L indicates luma sampling points and C
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1015 chroma.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1016 </para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1017
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1018 <informaltable>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1019 <?dbhtml table-width="40%" ?>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1020 <?dbfo table-width="40%" ?>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1021 <tgroup cols="8" align="center">
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1022 <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1023 <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1024 <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1025 <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1026 <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1027 <colspec colnum="6" colname="col6"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1028 <colspec colnum="7" colname="col7"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1029 <colspec colnum="8" colname="col8"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1030 <spanspec spanname="spa1-2" namest="col1" nameend="col2"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1031 <spanspec spanname="spa3-4" namest="col3" nameend="col4"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1032 <spanspec spanname="spa5-6" namest="col5" nameend="col6"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1033 <spanspec spanname="spa7-8" namest="col7" nameend="col8"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1034 <tbody>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1035 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1036 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1037 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1038 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1039 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1040 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1041 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1042 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1043 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1044 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1045 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1046 <entry spanname="spa1-2">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1047 <entry spanname="spa3-4">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1048 <entry spanname="spa5-6">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1049 <entry spanname="spa7-8">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1050 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1051 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1052 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1053 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1054 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1055 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1056 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1057 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1058 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1059 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1060 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1061 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1062 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1063 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1064 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1065 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1066 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1067 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1068 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1069 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1070 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1071 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1072 <entry spanname="spa1-2">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1073 <entry spanname="spa3-4">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1074 <entry spanname="spa5-6">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1075 <entry spanname="spa7-8">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1076 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1077 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1078 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1079 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1080 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1081 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1082 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1083 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1084 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1085 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1086 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1087 </tbody>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1088 </tgroup>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1089 </informaltable>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1090
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1091 <para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1092 As you can see, rows and columns of the image naturally come in pairs.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1093 Thus your crop offsets and dimensions <emphasis>must</emphasis> be
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1094 even numbers.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1095 If they are not, the chroma will no longer line up correctly with the
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1096 luma.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1097 In theory, it is possible to crop with odd offsets, but it requires
15221
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1098 resampling the chroma which is potentially a lossy operation and not
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1099 supported by the crop filter.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1100 </para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1101
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1102 <para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1103 Further, interlaced video is sampled as follows:
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1104 </para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1105
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1106 <informaltable>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1107 <?dbhtml table-width="80%" ?>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1108 <?dbfo table-width="80%" ?>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1109 <tgroup cols="16" align="center">
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1110 <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1111 <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1112 <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1113 <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1114 <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1115 <colspec colnum="6" colname="col6"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1116 <colspec colnum="7" colname="col7"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1117 <colspec colnum="8" colname="col8"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1118 <colspec colnum="9" colname="col9"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1119 <colspec colnum="10" colname="col10"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1120 <colspec colnum="11" colname="col11"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1121 <colspec colnum="12" colname="col12"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1122 <colspec colnum="13" colname="col13"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1123 <colspec colnum="14" colname="col14"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1124 <colspec colnum="15" colname="col15"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1125 <colspec colnum="16" colname="col16"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1126 <spanspec spanname="spa1-2" namest="col1" nameend="col2"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1127 <spanspec spanname="spa3-4" namest="col3" nameend="col4"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1128 <spanspec spanname="spa5-6" namest="col5" nameend="col6"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1129 <spanspec spanname="spa7-8" namest="col7" nameend="col8"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1130 <spanspec spanname="spa9-10" namest="col9" nameend="col10"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1131 <spanspec spanname="spa11-12" namest="col11" nameend="col12"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1132 <spanspec spanname="spa13-14" namest="col13" nameend="col14"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1133 <spanspec spanname="spa15-16" namest="col15" nameend="col16"/>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1134 <tbody>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1135 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1136 <entry namest="col1" nameend="col8">Top field</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1137 <entry namest="col9" nameend="col16">Bottom field</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1138 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1139 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1140 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1141 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1142 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1143 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1144 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1145 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1146 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1147 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1148 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1149 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1150 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1151 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1152 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1153 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1154 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1155 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1156 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1157 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1158 <entry spanname="spa1-2">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1159 <entry spanname="spa3-4">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1160 <entry spanname="spa5-6">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1161 <entry spanname="spa7-8">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1162 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1163 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1164 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1165 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1166 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1167 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1168 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1169 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1170 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1171 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1172 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1173 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1174 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1175 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1176 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1177 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1178 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1179 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1180 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1181 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1182 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1183 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1184 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1185 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1186 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1187 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1188 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1189 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1190 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1191 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1192 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1193 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1194 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1195 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1196 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1197 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1198 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1199 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1200 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1201 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1202 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1203 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1204 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1205 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1206 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1207 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1208 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1209 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1210 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1211 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1212 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1213 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1214 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1215 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1216 <entry spanname="spa9-10">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1217 <entry spanname="spa11-12">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1218 <entry spanname="spa13-14">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1219 <entry spanname="spa15-16">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1220 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1221 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1222 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1223 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1224 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1225 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1226 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1227 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1228 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1229 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1230 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1231 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1232 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1233 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1234 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1235 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1236 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1237 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1238 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1239 <row>
15271
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1240 <entry>L</entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1241 <entry>L</entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1242 <entry>L</entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1243 <entry>L</entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1244 <entry>L</entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1245 <entry>L</entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1246 <entry>L</entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1247 <entry>L</entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1248 <entry></entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1249 <entry></entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1250 <entry></entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1251 <entry></entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1252 <entry></entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1253 <entry></entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1254 <entry></entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1255 <entry></entry>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1256 </row>
15504d659558 Fix the pattern that wasn't repeated every 4 lines.
gpoirier
parents: 15221
diff changeset
1257 <row>
15221
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1258 <entry spanname="spa1-2">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1259 <entry spanname="spa3-4">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1260 <entry spanname="spa5-6">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1261 <entry spanname="spa7-8">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1262 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1263 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1264 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1265 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1266 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1267 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1268 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1269 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1270 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1271 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1272 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1273 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1274 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1275 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1276 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1277 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1278 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1279 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1280 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1281 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1282 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1283 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1284 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1285 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1286 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1287 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1288 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1289 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1290 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1291 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1292 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1293 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1294 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1295 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1296 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1297 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1298 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1299 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1300 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1301 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1302 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1303 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1304 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1305 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1306 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1307 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1308 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1309 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1310 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1311 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1312 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1313 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1314 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1315 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1316 <entry spanname="spa9-10">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1317 <entry spanname="spa11-12">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1318 <entry spanname="spa13-14">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1319 <entry spanname="spa15-16">C</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1320 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1321 <row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1322 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1323 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1324 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1325 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1326 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1327 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1328 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1329 <entry></entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1330 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1331 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1332 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1333 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1334 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1335 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1336 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1337 <entry>L</entry>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1338 </row>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1339 </tbody>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1340 </tgroup>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1341 </informaltable>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1342
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1343 <para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1344 As you can see, the pattern does not repeat until after 4 lines.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1345 So for interlaced video, your y-offset and height for cropping must
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1346 be multiples of 4.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1347 </para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1348
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1349 <para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1350 Native DVD resolution is 720x480 for NTSC, and 720x576 for PAL, but
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1351 there is an aspect flag that specifies whether it is full-screen (4:3) or
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1352 wide-screen (16:9). Many (if not most) widescreen DVDs are not strictly
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1353 16:9, and will be either 1.85:1 or 2.35:1 (cinescope). This means that
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1354 there will be black bands in the video that will need to be cropped out.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1355 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1356
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1357 <para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1358 <application>MPlayer</application> provides a crop detection filter that
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1359 will determine the crop rectangle (<option>-vf cropdetect</option>).
15221
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1360 Run <application>MPlayer</application> with
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1361 <option>-vf cropdetect</option> and it will print out the crop
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1362 settings to remove the borders.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1363 You should let the movie run long enough that the whole picture
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1364 area is used, in order to get accurate crop values.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1365 </para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1366
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1367 <para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1368 Then, test the values you get with <application>MPlayer</application>,
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1369 using the command line which was printed by
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1370 <option>cropdetect</option>, and adjust the rectangle as needed.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1371 The <option>rectangle</option> filter can help by allowing you to
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1372 interactively position the crop rectangle over your movie.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1373 Remember to follow the above divisibility guidelines so that you
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1374 do not misalign the chroma planes.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1375 </para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1376
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1377 <para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1378 In certain cases, scaling may be undesirable.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1379 Scaling in the vertical direction is difficult with interlaced
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1380 video, and if you wish to preserve the interlacing, you should
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1381 usually refrain from scaling.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1382 If you will not be scaling but you still want to use multiple-of-16
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1383 dimensions, you will have to overcrop.
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1384 Do not undercrop, since black borders are very bad for encoding!
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1385 </para>
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1386
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1387 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1388 Because MPEG-4 uses 16x16 macroblocks, you will want to make sure that each
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1389 dimension of the video you are encoding is a multiple of 16 or else you
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1390 will be degrading quality, especially at lower bitrates. You can do this
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1391 by rounding the width and height of the crop rectangle down to the nearest
15221
3c4a863020c8 Rich's tips regarding cropping and scaling
gpoirier
parents: 15216
diff changeset
1392 multiple of 16.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1393 As stated earlier, when cropping, you will want to increase the Y offset by
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1394 half the difference of the old and the new height so that the resulting
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1395 video is taken from the center of the frame. And because of the way DVD
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1396 video is sampled, make sure the offset is an even number. (In fact, as a
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1397 rule, never use odd values for any parameter when you are cropping and
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1398 scaling video.) If you are not comfortable throwing a few extra pixels
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1399 away, you might prefer instead to scale the video instead. We will look
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1400 at this in our example below.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1401 You can actually let the <option>cropdetect</option> filter do all of the
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1402 above for you, as it has an optional <option>round</option> parameter that
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1403 is equal to 16 by default.
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1404 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1405
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1406 <para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1407 Also, be careful about "half black" pixels at the edges. Make sure you
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1408 crop these out too, or else you will be wasting bits there that
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1409 are better spent elsewhere.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1410 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1411
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1412 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1413 After all is said and done, you will probably end up with video whose pixels
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1414 are not quite 1.85:1 or 2.35:1, but rather something close to that. You
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1415 could calculate the new aspect ratio manually, but
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1416 <application>MEncoder</application> offers an option for <systemitem
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1417 class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> called <option>autoaspect</option>
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1418 that will do this for you. Absolutely do not scale this video up in order to
13523
diego
parents: 13222
diff changeset
1419 square the pixels unless you like to waste your hard disk space. Scaling
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1420 should be done on playback, and the player will use the aspect stored in
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1421 the AVI to determine the correct resolution.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1422 Unfortunately, not all players enforce this auto-scaling information,
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1423 therefore you may still want to rescale.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1424 </para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1425
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1426 <para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1427 First, you should compute the encoded aspect ratio:
15131
3f01fef97002 Fix HTML generation, <equation> is more elaborate in most DTDs.
diego
parents: 15129
diff changeset
1428 <systemitem>ARc = (Wc x (ARa / PRdvd )) / Hc</systemitem>
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1429 <itemizedlist>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1430 <title>where:</title>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1431 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1432 Wc and Hc are the width and height of the cropped video,
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1433 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1434 <listitem><para>
15366
d2180f62e0e8 explains what ARa is and a tries to improve the readability of the
gpoirier
parents: 15358
diff changeset
1435 ARa is the displayed aspect ratio, which usually is 4/3 or 16/9,
d2180f62e0e8 explains what ARa is and a tries to improve the readability of the
gpoirier
parents: 15358
diff changeset
1436 </para></listitem>
d2180f62e0e8 explains what ARa is and a tries to improve the readability of the
gpoirier
parents: 15358
diff changeset
1437 <listitem><para>
15216
wight
parents: 15210
diff changeset
1438 PRdvd is the pixel ratio of the DVD which is equal to 1.25=(720/576) for PAL
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1439 DVDs and 1.5=(720/480) for NTSC DVDs,
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1440 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1441 </itemizedlist>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1442 </para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1443
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1444 <para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1445 Then, you can compute the X and Y resolution, according to a certain
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1446 Compression Quality (CQ) factor:
15131
3f01fef97002 Fix HTML generation, <equation> is more elaborate in most DTDs.
diego
parents: 15129
diff changeset
1447 <systemitem>ResY = INT(SQRT( 1000*Bitrate/25/ARc/CQ )/16) * 16</systemitem>
15366
d2180f62e0e8 explains what ARa is and a tries to improve the readability of the
gpoirier
parents: 15358
diff changeset
1448 and
15131
3f01fef97002 Fix HTML generation, <equation> is more elaborate in most DTDs.
diego
parents: 15129
diff changeset
1449 <systemitem>ResX = INT( ResY * ARc / 16) * 16</systemitem>
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1450 </para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1451
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1452 <para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1453 Okay, but what is the CQ?
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1454 The CQ represents the number of bits per pixel and per frame of the encode.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1455 Roughly speaking, the greater the CQ, the less the likelihood to see
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1456 encoding artifacts.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1457 However, if you have a target size for your movie (1 or 2 CDs for instance),
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1458 there is a limited total number of bits that you can spend; therefore it is
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1459 necessary to find a good tradeoff between compressibility and quality.
15113
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1460 </para>
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1461
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1462 <para>
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1463 The CQ depends both on the bitrate and the movie resolution.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1464 In order to raise the CQ, typically you would downscale the movie given that the
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1465 bitrate is computed in function of the target size and the length of the
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1466 movie, which are constant.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1467 A CQ below 0.18 usually ends up in a very blocky picture, because there
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1468 are not enough bits to code the information of each macroblock (MPEG4, like
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1469 many other codecs, groups pixels by blocks of several pixels to compress the
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1470 image; if there are not enough bits, the edges of those blocks are
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1471 visible).
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1472 It is therefore wise to take a CQ ranging from 0.20 to 0.22 for a 1 CD rip,
15210
425dd164a133 Some fixes
wight
parents: 15157
diff changeset
1473 and 0.26-0.28 for 2 CDs.
15113
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1474 </para>
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1475
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1476 <para>
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1477 Please take note that the CQ is just an indicative figure, as depending on
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1478 the encoded content, a CQ of 0.18 may look just fine for a Bergman, contrary
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1479 to a movie such as The Matrix, which contains many high-motion scenes.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1480 On the other hand, it is worthless to raise CQ higher than 0.30 as you would
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1481 be wasting bits without any noticeable quality gain.
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1482 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1483
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1484 </sect2>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1485
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1486 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-audio">
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1487 <title>Audio</title>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1488
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1489 <para>
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1490 Audio is a much simpler problem to solve: if you care about quality, just
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1491 leave it as is.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1492 Even AC3 5.1 streams are at most 448Kbit/s, and they are worth every bit.
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1493 You might be tempted to transcode the audio to high quality Vorbis, but
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1494 just because you do not have an A/V receiver for AC3 pass-through today
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1495 does not mean you will not have one tomorrow. Future-proof your DVD rips by
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1496 preserving the AC3 stream.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1497 You can keep the AC3 stream either by copying it directly into the video
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1498 stream <link linkend="menc-feat-mpeg4">during the encoding</link>.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1499 You can also extract the AC3 stream in order to mux it into containers such
15153
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1500 as NUT or Matroska.
15139
f9490925a69d Add missing <replaceable> tags.
gpoirier
parents: 15131
diff changeset
1501 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>source_file.vob</replaceable> -aid 129 -dumpaudio -dumpfile <replaceable>sound.ac3</replaceable></screen>
15153
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1502 will dump into the file <replaceable>sound.ac3</replaceable> the
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1503 audio track number 129 from the file
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1504 <replaceable>source_file.vob</replaceable> (NB: DVD VOB files
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1505 usually use a different audio numbering,
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1506 which means that the VOB audio track 129 is the 2nd audio track of the file).
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1507 </para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1508
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1509 <para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1510 But sometimes you truly have no choice but to further compress the
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1511 sound so that more bits can be spent on the video.
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1512 Most people choose to compress audio with either MP3 or Vorbis audio
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1513 codecs.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1514 While the latter is a very space-efficient codec, MP3 is better supported
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1515 by hardware players, although this trend is changing.
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1516 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1517
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1518 <para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1519 First of all, you will have to convert the DVD sound into a WAV file that the
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1520 audio codec can use as input.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1521 For example:
15139
f9490925a69d Add missing <replaceable> tags.
gpoirier
parents: 15131
diff changeset
1522 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>source_file.vob</replaceable> -ao pcm:file=<replaceable>destination_sound.wav</replaceable> -vc dummy -aid 1 -vo null</screen>
15153
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1523 will dump the second audio track from the file
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1524 <replaceable>source_file.vob</replaceable> into the file
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1525 <replaceable>destination_sound.wav</replaceable>.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1526 You may want to normalize the sound before encoding, as DVD audio tracks
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1527 are commonly recorded at low volumes.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1528 You can use the tool <application>normalize</application> for instance,
15031
d377a597dc28 Fixes better wording. Suggestions by The Wanderer and Josh Varner.
gpoirier
parents: 15029
diff changeset
1529 which is available in most distributions.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1530 If you are using Windows, a tool such as <application>BeSweet</application>
15031
d377a597dc28 Fixes better wording. Suggestions by The Wanderer and Josh Varner.
gpoirier
parents: 15029
diff changeset
1531 can do the same job.
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1532 You will compress in either Vorbis or MP3.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1533 For example:
15139
f9490925a69d Add missing <replaceable> tags.
gpoirier
parents: 15131
diff changeset
1534 <screen>oggenc -q1 <replaceable>destination_sound.wav</replaceable></screen>
15153
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1535 will encode <replaceable>destination_sound.wav</replaceable> with
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1536 the encoding quality 1, which is roughly equivalent to 80Kb/s, and
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1537 is the minimum quality at which you should encode if you care about
0f3be1ff01fb Nits, better formating and missed suggestions
gpoirier
parents: 15148
diff changeset
1538 quality.
15113
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1539 Please note that MEncoder currently cannot mux Vorbis audio tracks
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1540 into the output file because it only supports AVI and MPEG
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1541 containers as an output, each of which may lead to audio/video
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1542 playback synchronization problems with some players when the AVI file
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1543 contain VBR audio streams such as Vorbis.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1544 Do not worry, this document will show you how you can do that with third
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1545 party programs.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1546 </para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1547
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1548 </sect2>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1549
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1550 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-interlacing">
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1551 <title>Interlacing and Telecine</title>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1552
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1553 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
1554 Almost all movies are shot at 24 fps. Because NTSC is 30000/1001 fps, some
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1555 processing must be done to this 24 fps video to make it run at the correct
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1556 NTSC framerate. The process is called 3:2 pulldown, commonly referred to
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1557 as telecine (because pulldown is often applied during the telecine
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1558 process), and, naively described, it works by slowing the film down to
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
1559 24000/1001 fps, and repeating every fourth frame.
11780
8e7098f960f8 some little clarifications and additions
diego
parents: 11747
diff changeset
1560 </para>
8e7098f960f8 some little clarifications and additions
diego
parents: 11747
diff changeset
1561
8e7098f960f8 some little clarifications and additions
diego
parents: 11747
diff changeset
1562 <para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1563 No special processing, however, is done to the video for PAL DVDs, which
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1564 run at 25 fps. (Technically, PAL can be telecined, called 2:2 pulldown,
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1565 but this does not become an issue in practice.) The 24 fps film is simply
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1566 played back at 25 fps. The result is that the movie runs slightly faster,
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1567 but unless you are an alien, you probably will not notice the difference.
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1568 Most PAL DVDs have pitch-corrected audio, so when they are played back at
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1569 25 fps things will sound right, even though the audio track (and hence the
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1570 whole movie) has a running time that is 4% less than NTSC DVDs.
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1571 </para>
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1572
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1573 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1574 Because the video in a PAL DVD has not been altered, you needn't worry
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1575 much about frame rate. The source is 25 fps, and your rip will be 25
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1576 fps. However, if you are ripping an NTSC DVD movie, you may need to
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1577 apply inverse telecine.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1578 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1579
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1580 <para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1581 For movies shot at 24 fps, the video on the NTSC DVD is either telecined
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
1582 30000/1001, or else it is progressive 24000/1001 fps and intended to be telecined
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1583 on-the-fly by a DVD player. On the other hand, TV series are usually
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1584 only interlaced, not telecined. This is not a hard rule: some TV series
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1585 are interlaced (such as Buffy the Vampire Slayer) whereas some are a
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1586 mixture of progressive and interlaced (such as Angel, or 24).
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1587 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1588
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1589 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1590 It is highly recommended that you read the section on
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
1591 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine">How to deal with telecine and interlacing in NTSC DVDs</link>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
1592 to learn how to handle the different possibilities.
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1593 </para>
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1594
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1595 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1596 However, if you are mostly just ripping movies, likely you are either
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1597 dealing with 24 fps progressive or telecined video, in which case you can
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1598 use the <option>pullup</option> filter <option>-vf
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1599 pullup,softskip</option>.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1600 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1601
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1602 </sect2>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1603
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1604 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-encoding-interlaced">
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1605 <title>Encoding interlaced video</title>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1606
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1607 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1608 If the movie you want to encode is interlaced (NTSC video or
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1609 PAL video), you will need to choose whether you want to
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1610 deinterlace or not.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1611 While deinterlacing will make your movie usable on progressive
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1612 scan displays such a computer monitors and projectors, it comes
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
1613 at a cost: The fieldrate of 50 or 60000/1001 fields per second
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
1614 is halved to 25 or 30000/1001 frames per second, and roughly half of
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1615 the information in your movie will be lost during scenes with
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1616 significant motion.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1617 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1618
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1619 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1620 Therefore, if you are encoding for high quality archival purposes,
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1621 it is recommended not to deinterlace.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1622 You can always deinterlace the movie at playback time when
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1623 displaying it on progressive scan devices, and future players will
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1624 be able to deinterlace to full fieldrate, interpolating 50 or
15487
fbda59d597ba Fix imprecise fps numbers, patch by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>.
diego
parents: 15485
diff changeset
1625 60000/1001 entire frames per second from the interlaced video.
15446
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1626 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1627
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1628 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1629 Special care must be taken when working with interlaced video:
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1630 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1631
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1632 <orderedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1633 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1634 Crop height and y-offset must be multiples of 4.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1635 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1636 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1637 Any vertical scaling must be performed in interlaced mode.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1638 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1639 <listitem><para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1640 Postprocessing and denoising filters may not work as expected
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1641 unless you take special care to operate them a field at a time,
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1642 and they may damage the video if used incorrectly.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1643 </para></listitem>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1644 </orderedlist>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1645
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1646 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1647 With these things in mind, here is our first example:
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1648 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1649 <screen>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1650 mencoder <replaceable>capture.avi</replaceable> -mc 0 -oac lavc -ovc lavc -lavcopts \
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1651 vcodec=mpeg2video:vbitrate=6000:ilmv:ildct:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1652 </screen>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1653 <para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1654 Note the <option>ilmv</option> and <option>ildct</option> options.
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1655 </para>
39b8eafcf94a Preparing to encode: Identifying source material and framerate + how to encode interlaced content
gpoirier
parents: 15427
diff changeset
1656 </sect2>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1657
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1658 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-filtering">
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1659 <title>Filtering</title>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1660
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1661 <para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1662 In general, you want to do as little filtering as possible to the movie
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1663 in order to remain close to the original DVD source. Cropping is often
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1664 necessary (as described above), but do not scale the video. Although
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1665 scaling down is sometimes preferred to using higher quantizers, we want
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1666 to avoid both these things: remember that we decided from the start to
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1667 trade bits for quality.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1668 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1669
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1670 <para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1671 Also, do not adjust gamma, contrast, brightness, etc. What looks good
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1672 on your display may not look good on others. These adjustments should
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1673 be done on playback only.
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1674 </para>
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1675
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1676 <para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1677 One thing you might want to do, however, is pass the video through a
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1678 very light denoise filter, such as <option>-vf hqdn3d=2:1:2</option>.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1679 Again, it is a matter of putting those bits to better use: why waste them
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1680 encoding noise when you can just add that noise back in during playback?
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1681 Increasing the parameters for <option>hqdn3d</option> will further
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1682 improve compressibility, but if you increase the values too much, you
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1683 risk degrading the image visibily. The suggested values above
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1684 (<option>2:1:2</option>) are quite conservative; you should feel free to
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1685 experiment with higher values and observe the results for yourself.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1686 </para>
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1687
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1688 </sect2>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1689
15113
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1690 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-lavc-encoding-options">
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
1691 <title>Encoding options of libavcodec</title>
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1692
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1693 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1694 Ideally, you would probably want to be able to just tell the encoder to switch
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1695 into "high quality" mode and move on.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1696 That would probably be nice, but unfortunately hard to implement as different
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1697 encoding options yield different quality results depending on the source material.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1698 That is because compression depends on the visual properties of the video
15031
d377a597dc28 Fixes better wording. Suggestions by The Wanderer and Josh Varner.
gpoirier
parents: 15029
diff changeset
1699 in question.
d377a597dc28 Fixes better wording. Suggestions by The Wanderer and Josh Varner.
gpoirier
parents: 15029
diff changeset
1700 For example, anime and live action have very different properties and
d377a597dc28 Fixes better wording. Suggestions by The Wanderer and Josh Varner.
gpoirier
parents: 15029
diff changeset
1701 thus require different options to obtain optimum encoding.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1702 The good news is that some options should never be left out, like
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1703 <option>mbd=2</option>, <option>trell</option>, and <option>v4mv</option>.
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1704 See below for a detailed description of common encoding options.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1705 </para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1706
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1707
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1708 <itemizedlist>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1709 <title>Options to adjust:</title>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1710 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1711 <emphasis role="bold">vmax_b_frames</emphasis>: 1 or 2 is good, depending on
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1712 the movie.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1713 Note that libavcodec does not yet support closed GOP (the option
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1714 <option>cgop</option> does not currently work), so DivX5 will not be able to
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1715 decode anything encoded with B-frames.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1716 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1717
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1718 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1719 <emphasis role="bold">vb_strategy=1</emphasis>: helps in high-motion scenes.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1720 Requires vmax_b_frames >= 2.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1721 On some videos, vmax_b_frames may hurt quality, but vmax_b_frames=2 along
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1722 with vb_strategy=1 helps.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1723 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1724
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1725 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1726 <emphasis role="bold">dia</emphasis>: motion search range. Bigger is better
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1727 and slower.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1728 Negative values are a completely different scale.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1729 Good values are -1 for a fast encode, or 2-4 for slower.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1730 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1731
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1732 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1733 <emphasis role="bold">predia</emphasis>: motion search pre-pass.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1734 Not as important as dia. Good values are 1 (default) to 4. Requires preme=2
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1735 to really be useful.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1736 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1737
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1738 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1739 <emphasis role="bold">cmp, subcmp, precmp</emphasis>: Comparison function for
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1740 motion estimation.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1741 Experiment with values of 0 (default), 2 (hadamard), 3 (dct), and 6 (rate
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1742 distortion).
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1743 0 is fastest, and sufficient for precmp.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1744 For cmp and subcmp, 2 is good for anime, and 3 is good for live action.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1745 6 may or may not be slightly better, but is slow.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1746 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1747
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1748 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1749 <emphasis role="bold">last_pred</emphasis>: Number of motion predictors to
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1750 take from the previous frame.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1751 1-3 or so help at little speed cost.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1752 Higher values are slow for no extra gain.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1753 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1754
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1755 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1756 <emphasis role="bold">cbp, mv0</emphasis>: Controls the selection of macroblocks.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1757 Small speed cost for small quality gain.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1758 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1759
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1760 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1761 <emphasis role="bold">qprd</emphasis>: adaptive quantization based on the
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1762 macroblock's complexity.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1763 May help or hurt depending on the video and other options.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1764 This can cause artifacts unless you set vqmax to some reasonably small value
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1765 (6 is good, maybe as low as 4); vqmin=1 should also help.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1766 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1767
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1768 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1769 <emphasis role="bold">qns</emphasis>: very slow, especially when combined
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1770 with qprd.
15031
d377a597dc28 Fixes better wording. Suggestions by The Wanderer and Josh Varner.
gpoirier
parents: 15029
diff changeset
1771 This option will make the encoder minimize noise due to compression
15038
2c9d334d244a grammar fix by the Wanderer
diego
parents: 15034
diff changeset
1772 artifacts instead of making the encoded video strictly match the source.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1773 Do not use this unless you have already tweaked everything else as far as it
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1774 will go and the results still are not good enough.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1775 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1776
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1777 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1778 <emphasis role="bold">vqcomp</emphasis>: Tweak ratecontrol.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1779 What values are good depends on the movie.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1780 You can safely leave this alone if you want.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1781 Reducing vqcomp puts more bits on low-complexity scenes, increasing it puts
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1782 them on high-complexity scenes (default: 0.5, range: 0-1. recommended range:
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1783 0.5-0.7).
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1784 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1785
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1786 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1787 <emphasis role="bold">vlelim, vcelim</emphasis>: Sets the single coefficient
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1788 elimination threshold for luminance and chroma planes.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1789 These are encoded separately in all MPEG-like algorithms.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1790 The idea behind these options is to use some good heuristics to determine
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1791 when the change in a block is less than the threshold you specify, and in
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1792 such a case, to just encode the block as "no change".
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1793 This saves bits and perhaps speeds up encoding. vlelim=-4 and vcelim=9
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1794 seem to be good for live movies, but seem not to help with anime;
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1795 when encoding animation, you should probably leave them unchanged.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1796 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1797
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1798 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1799 <emphasis role="bold">qpel</emphasis>: Quarter pixel motion estimation.
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1800 MPEG-4 uses half pixel precision for its motion search by default,
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1801 therefore this option comes with an overhead as more information will be
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1802 stored in the encoded file.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1803 The compression gain/loss depends on the movie, but it is usually not very
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1804 effective on anime.
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1805 qpel always incurs a significant cost in CPU decode time (+20% in
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1806 practice).
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1807 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1808
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1809 <listitem><para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1810 <emphasis role="bold">psnr</emphasis>: does not affect the actual encoding,
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1811 but writes a log file giving the type/size/quality of each frame, and
15034
3aa4ea67e8f9 misc fixes
diego
parents: 15031
diff changeset
1812 prints a summary of PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) at the end.
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1813 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1814
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1815 </itemizedlist>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1816
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1817 <itemizedlist>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1818 <title>Options not recommended to play with:</title>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1819 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1820 <emphasis role="bold">vme</emphasis>: The default is best.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1821 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1822
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1823 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1824 <emphasis role="bold">lumi_mask, dark_mask</emphasis>: Psychovisual adaptive
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1825 quantization.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1826 You do not want to play with those options if you care about quality.
15031
d377a597dc28 Fixes better wording. Suggestions by The Wanderer and Josh Varner.
gpoirier
parents: 15029
diff changeset
1827 Reasonable values may be effective in your case, but be warned this is very
15010
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1828 subjective.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1829 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1830
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1831 <listitem><para>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1832 <emphasis role="bold">scplx_mask</emphasis>: Tries to prevent blocky
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1833 artifacts, but postprocessing is better.
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1834 </para></listitem>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1835 </itemizedlist>
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1836
aec21cf429cb Improved encoding guide:
gpoirier
parents: 14958
diff changeset
1837 </sect2>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1838
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1839 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-example">
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1840 <title>Example</title>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1841
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1842 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1843 So, you have just bought your shiny new copy of Harry Potter and the Chamber
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1844 of Secrets (widescreen edition, of course), and you want to rip this DVD
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1845 so that you can add it to your Home Theatre PC. This is a region 1 DVD,
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1846 so it is NTSC. The example below will still apply to PAL, except you will
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
1847 omit <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option> (because the output framerate is the
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1848 same as the input framerate), and of course the crop dimensions will be
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1849 different.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1850 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1851
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1852 <para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1853 After running <option>mplayer dvd://1</option>, we follow the process
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1854 detailed in the section <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine">How to deal
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1855 with telecine and interlacing in NTSC DVDs</link> and discover that it is
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
1856 24000/1001 fps progressive video, which means that we needn't use an inverse
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1857 telecine filter, such as <option>pullup</option> or
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1858 <option>filmdint</option>.
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1859 </para>
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1860
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1861 <para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1862 Next, we want to determine the appropriate crop rectangle, so we use the
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1863 cropdetect filter:
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1864
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1865 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -vf cropdetect</screen>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1866
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1867 Make sure you seek to a fully filled frame (such as a bright scene), and
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1868 you will see in <application>MPlayer</application>'s console output:
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1869
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1870 <screen>crop area: X: 0..719 Y: 57..419 (-vf crop=720:362:0:58)</screen>
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1871
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1872 We then play the movie back with this filter to test its correctness:
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1873
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1874 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -vf crop=720:362:0:58</screen>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1875
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1876 And we see that it looks perfectly fine. Next, we ensure the width and
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1877 height are a multiple of 16. The width is fine, however the height is
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1878 not. Since we did not fail 7th grade math, we know that the nearest
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1879 multiple of 16 lower than 362 is 352.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1880 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1881
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1882 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1883 We could just use <option>crop=720:352:0:58</option>, but it would be nice
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1884 to take a little off the top and a little off the bottom so that we
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1885 retain the center. We have shrunk the height by 10 pixels, but we do not
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1886 want to increase the y-offset by 5-pixels since that is an odd number and
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1887 will adversely affect quality. Instead, we will increase the y-offset by
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1888 4 pixels:
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1889
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1890 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -vf crop=720:352:0:62</screen>
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1891
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1892 Another reason to shave pixels from both the top and the bottom is that we
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1893 ensure we have eliminated any half-black pixels if they exist. Note that if
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1894 your video is telecined, make sure the <option>pullup</option> filter (or
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1895 whichever inverse telecine filter you decide to use) appears in the filter
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1896 chain before you crop. If it is interlaced, deinterlace before cropping.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1897 (If you choose to preserve the interlaced video, then make sure your
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1898 vertical crop offset is a multiple of 4.)
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1899 </para>
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1900
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
1901 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1902 If you are really concerned about losing those 10 pixels, you might
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1903 prefer instead to scale the dimensions down to the nearest multiple of 16.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1904 The filter chain would look like:
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1905
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1906 <screen>-vf crop=720:362:0:58,scale=720:352</screen>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1907
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1908 Scaling the video down like this will mean that some small amount of
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1909 detail is lost, though it probably will not be perceptible. Scaling up will
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1910 result in lower quality (unless you increase the bitrate). Cropping
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1911 discards those pixels altogether. It is a tradeoff that you will want to
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1912 consider for each circumstance. For example, if the DVD video was made
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1913 for television, you might want to avoid vertical scaling, since the line
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1914 sampling corresponds to the way the content was originally recorded.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1915 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1916
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1917 <para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1918 On inspection, we see that our movie has a fair bit of action and high
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1919 amounts of detail, so we pick 2400Kbit for our bitrate.
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1920 </para>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1921
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1922 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
1923 We are now ready to do the two pass encode. Pass one:
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1924
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
1925 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -ofps 24000/1001 -oac copy -vf crop=720:352:0:62,hqdn3d=2:1:2 -ovc lavc \
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1926 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=2400:v4mv:mbd=2:trell:cmp=3:subcmp=3:mbcmp=3:autoaspect:vpass=1 \
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1927 -o Harry_Potter_2.avi</screen>
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1928
14422
a4f2691c0109 consistent pass two and pass one spelling
diego
parents: 14421
diff changeset
1929 And pass two is the same, except that we specify <option>vpass=2</option>:
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
1930
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
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1931 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -ofps 24000/1001 -oac copy -vf crop=720:352:0:62,hqdn3d=2:1:2 -ovc lavc \
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1932 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=2400:v4mv:mbd=2:trell:cmp=3:subcmp=3:mbcmp=3:autoaspect:vpass=2 \
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1933 -o Harry_Potter_2.avi</screen>
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1934 </para>
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1935
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1936 <para>
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1937 The options <option>v4mv:mbd=2:trell</option> will greatly increase the
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1938 quality at the expense of encoding time. There is little reason to leave
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1939 these options out when the primary goal is quality. The options
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1940 <option>cmp=3:subcmp=3:mbcmp=3</option> select a comparison function that
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1941 yields higher quality than the defaults. You might try experimenting with
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1942 this parameter (refer to the man page for the possible values) as
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1943 different functions can have a large impact on quality depending on the
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1944 source material. For example, if you find
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1945 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> produces too much
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1946 blocky artifacting, you could try selecting the experimental NSSE as
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1947 comparison function via <option>*cmp=10</option>.
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1948 </para>
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1949
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1950 <para>
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1951 For this movie, the resulting AVI will be 138 minutes long and nearly
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1952 3GB. And because you said that file size does not matter, this is a
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1953 perfectly acceptable size. However, if you had wanted it smaller, you
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1954 could try a lower bitrate. Increasing bitrates have diminishing
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1955 returns, so while we might clearly see an improvement from 1800Kbit to
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
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1956 2000Kbit, it might not be so noticeable above 2000Kbit. Feel
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1957 free to experiment until you are happy.
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1958 </para>
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1959
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1960 <para>
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1961 Because we passed the source video through a denoise filter, you may want
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1962 to add some of it back during playback. This, along with the
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
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1963 <option>spp</option> post-processing filter, drastically improves the
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
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1964 perception of quality and helps eliminate blocky artifacts in the video.
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1965 With <application>MPlayer</application>'s <option>autoq</option> option,
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1966 you can vary the amount of post-processing done by the spp filter
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1967 depending on available CPU. Also, at this point, you may want to apply
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1968 gamma and/or color correction to best suit your display. For example:
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1969
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1970 <screen>mplayer Harry_Potter_2.avi -vf spp,noise=9ah:5ah,eq2=1.2 -autoq 3</screen>
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1971
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1972 </para>
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1973 </sect2>
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1974
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1975 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing">
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1976 <title>Muxing</title>
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1977 <para>
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1978 Now that you have encoded your video, you will most likely want
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1979 to mux it with one or more audio tracks into a movie container, such
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1980 as AVI, MPEG, Matroska or NUT.
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1981 <application>MEncoder</application> is currently only able to output
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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1982 audio and video into MPEG and AVI container formats.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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1983 for example:
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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1984 <screen>mencoder -oac copy -ovc copy -o <replaceable>output_movie.avi</replaceable> -audiofile <replaceable>input_audio.mp2</replaceable> <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable></screen>
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diff changeset
1985 This would merge the video file <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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1986 and the audio file <replaceable>input_audio.mp2</replaceable>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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1987 into the AVI file <replaceable>output_movie.avi</replaceable>.
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1988 This command works with MPEG-1 layer I, II and III (more commonly known
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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1989 as MP3) audio, WAV and a few other audio formats too.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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1990 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
1991
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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1992 <para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
1993 MEncoder features experimental support for
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
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diff changeset
1994 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>, which is a
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
1995 library from the FFmpeg project that supports muxing and demuxing
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
1996 a variety of containers.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
1997 For example:
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
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diff changeset
1998 <screen>mencoder -oac copy -ovc copy -o <replaceable>output_movie.asf</replaceable> -audiofile <replaceable>input_audio.mp2</replaceable> <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable> -of lavf -lavfopts format=asf</screen>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
1999 This will do the same thing as the previous example, except that
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
2000 the output container will be ASF.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
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diff changeset
2001 Please note that this support is highly experimental (but getting
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
2002 better every day), and will only work if you compiled
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
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2003 <application>MPlayer</application> with the support for
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
2004 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> enabled (which
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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2005 means that a pre-packaged binary version will not work in most cases).
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
2006 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
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diff changeset
2007
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
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diff changeset
2008 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing-avi-limitations">
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2009 <title>Limitations of the AVI container</title>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2010 <para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2011 Although it is the most widely-supported container format after MPEG-1,
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2012 AVI also has some major drawbacks.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2013 Perhaps the most obvious is the overhead.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2014 For each chunk of the AVI file, 24 bytes are wasted on headers and
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2015 index.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2016 This translates into a little over 5 MB per hour, or 1-2.5%
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2017 overhead for a 700 MB movie. This may not seem like much, but it could
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2018 mean the difference between being able to use 700 kbit/sec video or
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2019 714 kbit/sec, and every bit of quality counts.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2020 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2021
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2022 <para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2023 In addition this gross inefficiency, AVI also has the following major
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2024 limitations:
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2025 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2026
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2027 <orderedlist>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2028 <listitem>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2029 <para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2030 Only fixed-fps content can be stored. This is particularly limiting
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2031 if the original material you want to encode is mixed content, for
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2032 example a mix of NTSC video and film material.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2033 Actually there are hacks that can be used to store mixed-framerate
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2034 content in AVI, but they increase the (already huge) overhead
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2035 fivefold or more and so are not practical.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2036 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2037 </listitem>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2038 <listitem>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2039 <para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2040 Audio in AVI files must be either constant-bitrate (CBR) or
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2041 constant-framesize (i.e. all frames decode to the same number of
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2042 samples).
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2043 Unfortunately, the most efficient codec, Vorbis, does not meet
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2044 either of these requirements.
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2045 Therefore, if you plan to store your movie in AVI, you will have to
15148
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2046 use a less efficient codec such as MP3 or AC3.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2047 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2048 </listitem>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2049 </orderedlist>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2050
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2051 <para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2052 Having said all that, <application>MEncoder</application> does not
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2053 currently support variable-fps output or Vorbis encoding.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2054 Therefore, you may not see these as limitations if
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2055 <application>MEncoder</application> is the
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2056 only tool you will be using to produce your encodes.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2057 However, it is possible to use <application>MEncoder</application>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2058 only for video encoding, and then use external tools to encode
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2059 audio and mux it into another container format.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2060 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2061 </sect3>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2062
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2063 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing-matroska">
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2064 <title>Muxing into the Matroska container</title>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2065 <para>
15157
c9a7876a9046 Nits suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15153
diff changeset
2066 Matroska is a free, open standard container format, aiming
15148
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2067 to offer a lot of advanced features, which older containers
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2068 like AVI cannot handle.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2069 For example, Matroska supports variable bitrate audio content
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2070 (VBR), variable framerates (VFR), chapters, file attachments,
15157
c9a7876a9046 Nits suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15153
diff changeset
2071 error detection code (EDC) and modern A/V Codecs like "Advanced Audio
c9a7876a9046 Nits suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15153
diff changeset
2072 Coding" (AAC), "Vorbis" or "MPEG-4 AVC" (H.264), next to nothing
15148
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2073 handled by AVI.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2074 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2075
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2076 <para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2077 The tools required to create Matroska files are collectively called
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2078 <application>mkvtoolnix</application>, and are available for most
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2079 Unix platforms as well as <application>Windows</application>.
15157
c9a7876a9046 Nits suggested by The Wanderer
gpoirier
parents: 15153
diff changeset
2080 Because Matroska is an open standard you may find other
15148
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2081 tools that suit you better, but since mkvtoolnix is the most
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2082 common, and is supported by the Matroska team itself, we will
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2083 only cover its usage.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2084 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2085
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2086 <para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2087 Probably the easiest way to get started with Matroska is to use
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2088 <application>MMG</application>, the graphical frontend shipped with
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2089 <application>mkvtoolnix</application>, and follow the
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2090 <ulink url="http://www.bunkus.org/videotools/mkvtoolnix/doc/mkvmerge-gui.html">guide to mkvmerge GUI (mmg)</ulink>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2091 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2092
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2093 <para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2094 You may also mux audio and video files using the command line:
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2095 <screen>mkvmerge -o <replaceable>output.mkv</replaceable> <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>input_audio1.mp3</replaceable> <replaceable>input_audio2.ac3</replaceable></screen>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2096 This would merge the video file <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2097 and the two audio files <replaceable>input_audio1.mp3</replaceable>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2098 and <replaceable>input_audio2.ac3</replaceable> into the Matroska
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2099 file <replaceable>output.mkv</replaceable>.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2100 Matroska, as mentioned earlier, is able to do much more than that, like
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2101 multiple audio tracks (including fine-tuning of audio/video
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2102 synchronization), chapters, subtitles, splitting, etc...
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2103 Please refer to the documentation of those applications for
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2104 more details.
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2105 </para>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2106
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2107 </sect3>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2108
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2109 </sect2>
067f10ad6538 New section: "menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing" about how to mux a video
gpoirier
parents: 15139
diff changeset
2110
11732
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
2111 </sect1>
d5784b575959 DVD ripping section added courtesy of Samuli K«£rkk«£inen with some
diego
parents: 11710
diff changeset
2112
15326
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2113 <sect1 id="menc-feat-x264">
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2114 <title>Encoding with the <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> codec</title>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2115 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2116 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> is a free library for
15370
bd6adbd632e4 Fixes suggested by Diego
gpoirier
parents: 15366
diff changeset
2117 encoding H.264/AVC video streams.
15326
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2118 Before starting to encode, you need to <link linkend="codec-x264-encode">
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2119 set up <application>MEncoder</application> to support it</link>.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2120 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2121
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2122 <sect2 id="menc-feat-x264-intro">
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2123 <title>What options should I use to get the best results?</title>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2124
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2125 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2126 Please begin by reviewing the
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2127 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> section of
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2128 <application>MPlayer</application>'s man page.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2129 This section is intended to be a supplement to the man page.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2130 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2131
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2132 <orderedlist>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2133 <title>There are mainly three types of considerations when choosing encoding
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2134 options:</title>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2135 <listitem><para>Trading off encoding time vs. quality</para></listitem>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2136 <listitem><para>Frame type decision options</para></listitem>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2137 <listitem><para>Ratecontrol and quantization decision options</para></listitem>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2138 </orderedlist>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2139
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2140 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2141 This guide is mostly concerned with the first class of options.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2142 The other two types often have more to do with personal
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2143 preferences and individual requirements.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2144 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2145
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2146 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2147 Before continuing, please note that this guide uses only one
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2148 quality metric: global PSNR.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2149 For a brief explanation of what PSNR is, see
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2150 <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSNR">the Wikipedia article on PSNR</ulink>.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2151 Global PSNR is the last PSNR number reported when you include
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2152 the <option>psnr</option> option in <option>x264encopts</option>.
15358
87121d373127 Minor fixes by Jeff Clagg
gpoirier
parents: 15329
diff changeset
2153 Any time you read a claim about PSNR, one of the assumptions
15326
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2154 behind the claim is that equal bitrates are used.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2155 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2156
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2157 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2158 Nearly all of this guide's comments assume you are using
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2159 two pass.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2160 When comparing options, there are two major reasons for using
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2161 two pass encoding.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2162 First, using two pass often gains around 1dB PSNR, which is a
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2163 very big difference.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2164 Secondly, testing options by doing direct quality comparisons
15370
bd6adbd632e4 Fixes suggested by Diego
gpoirier
parents: 15366
diff changeset
2165 with one pass encodes is a dubious proposition because bitrate
15326
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2166 often varies significantly with each encode.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2167 It is not always easy to tell whether quality changes are due
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2168 mainly to changed options, or if they mostly reflect
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2169 differences in the achieved bitrate.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2170 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2171
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2172 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2173 Of the options which allow you to trade off speed for quality,
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2174 <option>subq</option> and <option>frameref</option> are usually
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2175 by far the most important.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2176 If you are interested in tweaking either speed or quality, these
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2177 are the first options you should consider.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2178 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2179
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2180 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2181 On the speed dimension, the <option>frameref</option> and
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2182 <option>subq</option> options interact with each other fairly
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2183 strongly.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2184 Experience shows that, with one reference frame,
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2185 <option>subq=5</option> takes about 35% more time than
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2186 <option>subq=1</option>.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2187 With 6 reference frames, the penalty grows to over 60%.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2188 <option>subq</option>'s effect on PSNR seems fairly constant
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2189 regardless of the number of reference frames.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2190 Typically, <option>subq=5</option> gains 0.2-0.5 dB
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2191 global PSNR over <option>subq=1</option>.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2192 This is usually enough to be visible.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2193 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2194
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2195 </sect2>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2196
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2197 <sect2 id="menc-feat-x264-encoding-options">
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2198 <title>Encoding options of x264</title>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2199
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2200 <itemizedlist>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2201 <listitem><para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2202 <emphasis role="bold">frameref</emphasis>:
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2203 <option>frameref</option> is set to 1 by default, but this
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2204 should not be taken to imply that it is reasonable to set it
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2205 to 1.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2206 Merely raising <option>frameref</option> to 2 gains around
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2207 0.15dB PSNR with a 5-10% speed penalty; this seems like a
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2208 good tradeoff.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2209 <option>frameref=3</option> gains around 0.25dB PSNR over
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2210 <option>frameref=1</option>, which should be a visible
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2211 difference.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2212 <option>frameref=3</option> is around 15% slower than
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2213 <option>frameref=1</option>.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2214 Unfortunately, diminishing returns set in rapidly.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2215 <option>frameref=6</option> can be expected to gain only
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2216 0.05-0.1 dB over <option>frameref=3</option> at an additional
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2217 15% speed penalty.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2218 Above <option>frameref=6</option>, the quality gains are
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2219 usually very small (although you should keep in mind throughout
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2220 this whole discussion that it can vary quite a lot depending on
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2221 your source).
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2222 In a fairly typical case, <option>frameref=12</option>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2223 will improve global PSNR by a tiny 0.02dB over
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2224 <option>frameref=6</option>, at a speed cost of 15%-20%.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2225 At such high <option>frameref</option> values, the only really
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2226 good thing that can be said is that increasing even further will
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2227 almost certainly never <emphasis role="bold">harm</emphasis>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2228 PSNR, but the additional quality benefits are barely even
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2229 measurable, let alone perceptible.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2230 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2231 <note><title>Note:</title>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2232 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2233 Raising <option>frameref</option> to unnecessarily high values
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2234 <emphasis role="bold">can</emphasis> and
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2235 <emphasis role="bold">usually does</emphasis>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2236 hurt coding efficiency if you turn CABAC off.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2237 With CABAC on (the default behavior), the possibility of setting
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2238 <option>frameref</option> "too high" currently seems too remote
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2239 to even worry about, and in the future, optimizations may remove
15358
87121d373127 Minor fixes by Jeff Clagg
gpoirier
parents: 15329
diff changeset
2240 the possibility altogether.
15326
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2241 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2242 </note>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2243 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2244 If you care about speed, a reasonable compromise is to use low
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2245 <option>subq</option> and <option>frameref</option> values on
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2246 the first pass, and then raise them on the second pass.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2247 Typically, this has a negligible negative effect on the final
15370
bd6adbd632e4 Fixes suggested by Diego
gpoirier
parents: 15366
diff changeset
2248 quality: You will probably lose well under 0.1dB PSNR, which
15326
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2249 should be much too small of a difference to see.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2250 However, different values of <option>frameref</option> can
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2251 occasionally affect frametype decision.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2252 Most likely, these are rare outlying cases, but if you want to
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2253 be pretty sure, consider whether your video has either
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2254 fullscreen repetitive flashing patterns or very large temporary
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2255 occlusions which might force an I-frame.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2256 Adjust the first-pass <option>frameref</option> so it is large
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2257 enough to contain the duration of the flashing cycle (or occlusion).
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2258 For example, if the scene flashes back and forth between two images
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2259 over a duration of three frames, set the first pass
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2260 <option>frameref</option> to 3 or higher.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2261 This issue is probably extremely rare in live action video material,
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2262 but it does sometimes come up in video game captures.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2263 </para></listitem>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2264
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2265 <listitem><para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2266 <emphasis role="bold">bframes</emphasis>:
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2267 The usefulness of B-frames is questionable in most other codecs
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2268 you may be used to.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2269 In H.264, this has changed: there are new techniques and block
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2270 types that are possible in B-frames.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2271 Usually, even a naive B-frame choice algorithm can have a
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2272 significant PSNR benefit.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2273 It is also interesting to note that if you turn off the adaptive
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2274 B-frame decision (<option>nob_adapt</option>), encoding with
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2275 <option>bframes</option> usually speeds up encoding speed somewhat.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2276 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2277 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2278 With adaptive B-frame decision turned off
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2279 (<option>x264encopts</option>'s <option>nob_adapt</option>),
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2280 the optimal value for this setting will usually range from
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2281 <option>bframes=1</option> to <option>bframes=3</option>.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2282 With adaptive B-frame decision on (the default behavior), it is
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2283 probably safe to use higher values; the encoder will try to
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2284 reduce the use of B-frames in scenes where they would hurt
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2285 compression.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2286 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2287 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2288 If you are going to use <option>bframes</option> at all, consider
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2289 setting the maximum number of B-frames to 2 or higher in order to
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2290 take advantage of weighted prediction.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2291 </para></listitem>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2292
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2293 <listitem><para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2294 <emphasis role="bold">b_adapt</emphasis>:
15370
bd6adbd632e4 Fixes suggested by Diego
gpoirier
parents: 15366
diff changeset
2295 Note: This is on by default.
15326
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2296 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2297 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2298 With this option enabled, the encoder will use some simple
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2299 heuristics to reduce the number of B-frames used in scenes that
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2300 might not benefit from them as much.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2301 You can use <option>b_bias</option> to tweak how B-frame-happy
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2302 the encoder is.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2303 The speed penalty of adaptive B-frames is currently rather modest,
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2304 but so is the potential quality gain.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2305 It usually does not hurt, however.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2306 Note that this only affects speed and frametype decision on the
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2307 first pass.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2308 <option>b_adapt</option> and <option>b_bias</option> have no
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2309 effect on subsequent passes.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2310 </para></listitem>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2311
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2312 <listitem><para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2313 <emphasis role="bold">b_pyramid</emphasis>:
15427
21378d633887 Only 2 consecutive bframes are needed for pyramid reordering
gpoirier
parents: 15370
diff changeset
2314 You might as well enable this option if you are using >=2 B-frames;
15370
bd6adbd632e4 Fixes suggested by Diego
gpoirier
parents: 15366
diff changeset
2315 as the man page says, you get a little quality improvement at no
15326
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2316 speed cost.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2317 Note that these videos cannot be read by libavcodec-based decoders
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2318 older than about March 5, 2005.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2319 </para></listitem>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2320
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2321 <listitem><para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2322 <emphasis role="bold">weight_b</emphasis>:
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2323 In typical cases, there is not much gain with this option.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2324 However, in crossfades or fade-to-black scenes, weighted
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2325 prediction gives rather large bitrate savings.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2326 In MPEG-4 ASP, a fade-to-black is usually best coded as a series
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2327 of expensive I-frames; using weighted prediction in B-frames
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2328 makes it possible to turn at least some of these into much more
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2329 reasonably-sized B-frames.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2330 Encoding time cost seems to be minimal, if there is any.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2331 Also, contrary to what some people seem to guess, the decoder
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2332 CPU requirements are not much affected by weighted prediction,
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2333 all else being equal.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2334 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2335 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2336 Unfortunately, the current adaptive B-frame decision algorithm
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2337 has a strong tendency to avoid B-frames during fades.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2338 Until this changes, it may be a good idea to add
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2339 <option>nob_adapt</option> to your x264encopts, if you expect
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2340 fades to have a significant effect in your particular video
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2341 clip.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2342 </para></listitem>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2343
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2344 <listitem><para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2345 <emphasis role="bold">deblockalpha, deblockbeta</emphasis>:
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2346 This topic is going to be a bit controversial.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2347 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2348 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2349 H.264 defines a simple deblocking procedure on I-blocks that uses
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2350 pre-set strengths and thresholds depending on the QP of the block
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2351 in question.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2352 By default, high QP blocks are filtered heavily, and low QP blocks
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2353 are not deblocked at all.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2354 The pre-set strengths defined by the standard are well-chosen and
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2355 the odds are very good that they are PSNR-optimal for whatever
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2356 video you are trying to encode.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2357 The <option>deblockalpha</option> and <option>deblockbeta</option>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2358 parameters allow you to specify offsets to the preset deblocking
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2359 thresholds.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2360 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2361 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2362 Many people seem to think it is a good idea to lower the deblocking
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2363 filter strength by large amounts (say, -3).
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2364 This is however almost never a good idea, and in most cases,
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2365 people who are doing this do not understand very well how
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2366 deblocking works by default.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2367 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2368 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2369 The first and most important thing to know about the in-loop
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2370 deblocking filter is that the default thresholds are almost always
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2371 PSNR-optimal.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2372 In the rare cases that they are not optimal, the ideal offset is
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2373 plus or minus 1.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2374 Adjusting deblocking parameters by a larger amount is almost
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2375 guaranteed to hurt PSNR.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2376 Strengthening the filter will smear more details; weakening the
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2377 filter will increase the appearance of blockiness.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2378 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2379 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2380 It is definitely a bad idea to lower the deblocking thresholds if
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2381 your source is mainly low in spacial complexity (i.e., not a lot
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2382 of detail or noise).
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2383 The in-loop filter does a rather excellent job of concealing
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2384 the artifacts that occur.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2385 If the source is high in spacial complexity, however, artifacts
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2386 are less noticeable.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2387 This is because the ringing tends to look like detail or noise.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2388 Human visual perception easily notices when detail is removed,
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2389 but it does not so easily notice when the noise is wrongly
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2390 represented.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2391 When it comes to subjective quality, noise and detail are somewhat
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2392 interchangeable.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2393 By lowering the deblocking filter strength, you are most likely
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2394 increasing error by adding ringing artifacts, but the eye does
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2395 not notice because it confuses the artifacts with detail.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2396 </para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2397
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2398 <para>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2399 This <emphasis role="bold">still</emphasis> does not justify
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2400 lowering the deblocking filter strength, however.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2401 You can generally get better quality noise from postprocessing.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2402 If your H.264 encodes look too blurry or smeared, try playing with
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2403 <option>-vf noise</option> when you play your encoded movie.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2404 <option>-vf noise=8a:4a</option> should conceal most mild
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2405 artifacting.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2406 It will almost certainly look better than the results you
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2407 would have gotten just by fiddling with the deblocking filter.
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2408 </para></listitem>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2409 </itemizedlist>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2410 </sect2>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2411 </sect1>
f351dd913bc6 x264's encoding and install guide
gpoirier
parents: 15271
diff changeset
2412
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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diff changeset
2413 <sect1 id="menc-feat-telecine">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2414 <title>How to deal with telecine and interlacing within NTSC DVDs</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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diff changeset
2415
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
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diff changeset
2416 <sect2 id="menc-feat-telecine-intro">
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
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diff changeset
2417 <title>Introduction</title>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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diff changeset
2418 <formalpara>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
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diff changeset
2419 <title>What is telecine?</title>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2420 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2421 I suggest you visit this page if you do not understand much of what
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2422 is written in this document:
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2423 <ulink url="http://www.divx.com/support/guides/guide.php?gid=10">http://www.divx.com/support/guides/guide.php?gid=10</ulink>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2424 This URL links to an understandable and reasonably comprehensive
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2425 description of what telecine is.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2426 </para></formalpara>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2427
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2428 <formalpara>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
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parents: 14828
diff changeset
2429 <title>A note about the numbers.</title>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2430 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2431 Many documents, including the guide linked above, refer to the fields
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2432 per second value of NTSC video as 59.94 and the corresponding frames
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2433 per second values as 29.97 (for telecined and interlaced) and 23.976
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2434 (for progressive). For simplicity, some documents even round these
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2435 numbers to 60, 30, and 24.
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2436 </para></formalpara>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2437
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2438 <para>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2439 Strictly speaking, all those numbers are approximations. Black and
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2440 white NTSC video was exactly 60 fields per second, but 60000/1001
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2441 was later chosen to accomodate color data while remaining compatible
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2442 with contemporary black and white televisions. Digital NTSC video
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2443 (such as on a DVD) is also 60000/1001 fields per second. From this,
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2444 interlaced and telecined video are derived to be 30000/1001 frames
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2445 per second; progressive video is 24000/1001 frames per second.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2446 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2447
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2448 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2449 Older versions of the <application>MEncoder</application> documentation
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2450 and many archived mailing list posts refer to 59.94, 29.97, and 23.976.
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2451 All <application>MEncoder</application> documentation has been updated
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2452 to use the fractional values, and you should use them too.
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2453 </para>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2454
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2455 <para>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2456 <option>-ofps 23.976</option> is incorrect.
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2457 <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option> should be used instead.
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2458 </para>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2459
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2460 <formalpara>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2461 <title>How telecine is used.</title>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2462 <para>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2463 All video intended to be displayed on an NTSC
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2464 television set must be 60000/1001 fields per second. Made-for-TV movies
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2465 and shows are often filmed directly at 60000/1001 fields per second, but
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2466 the majority of cinema is filmed at 24 or 24000/1001 frames per
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2467 second. When cinematic movie DVDs are mastered, the video is then
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2468 converted for television using a process called telecine.
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2469 </para></formalpara>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2470
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2471 <para>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2472 On a DVD, the video is never actually stored as 60000/1001 fields per
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2473 second. For video that was originally 60000/1001, each pair of fields is
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2474 combined to form a frame, resulting in 30000/1001 frames per
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2475 second. Hardware DVD players then read a flag embedded in the video
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2476 stream to determine whether the odd- or even-numbered lines should
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2477 form the first field.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2478 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2479
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2480 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2481 Usually, 24000/1001 frames per second content stays as it is when
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2482 encoded for a DVD, and the DVD player must perform telecining
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2483 on-the-fly. Sometimes, however, the video is telecined
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2484 <emphasis>before</emphasis> being stored on the DVD; even though it
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2485 was originally 24000/1001 frames per second, it becomes 60000/1001 fields per
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2486 second. When it is stored on the DVD, pairs of fields are combined to form
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2487 30000/1001 frames per second.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2488 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2489
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2490 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2491 When looking at individual frames formed from 60000/10001 fields per
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2492 second video, telecined or otherwise, interlacing is clearly visible
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2493 wherever there is any motion, because one field (say, the
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2494 even-numbered lines) represents a moment in time 1/(60000/1001)
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2495 seconds later than the other. Playing interlaced video on a computer
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2496 looks ugly both because the monitor is higher resolution and because
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2497 the video is shown frame-after-frame instead of field-after-field.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2498 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2499
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2500 <itemizedlist>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2501 <title>Notes:</title>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2502 <listitem><para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2503 This section only applies to NTSC DVDs, and not PAL.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2504 </para></listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2505 <listitem><para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2506 The example <application>MEncoder</application> lines throughout the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2507 document are <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> intended for
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2508 actual use. They are simply the bare minimum required to encode the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2509 pertaining video category. How to make good DVD rips or fine-tune
15113
a53b942816a5 Removes the section "menc-feat-fix-avi" as part of it was wrong and the other
gpoirier
parents: 15038
diff changeset
2510 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> for maximal
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2511 quality is not within the scope of this document.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2512 </para></listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2513 <listitem><para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
2514 There are a couple footnotes specific to this guide, linked like this:
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2515 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[1]</link>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2516 </para></listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2517 </itemizedlist>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
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parents: 14828
diff changeset
2518 </sect2>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2519
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2520 <sect2 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2521 <title>How to tell what type of video you have</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2522
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2523 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-progressive">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2524 <title>Progressive</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2525 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2526 Progressive video was originally filmed at 24000/1001 fps, and stored
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2527 on the DVD without alteration.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2528 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2529
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2530 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2531 When you play a progressive DVD in <application>MPlayer</application>,
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2532 <application>MPlayer</application> will print the following line as
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2533 soon as the movie begins to play:
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2534
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2535 <screen> demux_mpg: 24000/1001 fps progressive NTSC content detected, switching framerate.</screen>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
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parents: 11823
diff changeset
2536
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2537 From this point forward, demux_mpg should never say it finds
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2538 &quot;30000/1001 fps NTSC content.&quot;
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2539 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2540
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2541 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2542 When you watch progressive video, you should never see any
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2543 interlacing. Beware, however, because sometimes there is a tiny bit
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2544 of telecine mixed in where you would not expect. I have encountered TV
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2545 show DVDs that have one second of telecine at every scene change, or
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2546 at seemingly random places. I once watched a DVD that had a
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2547 progressive first half, and the second half was telecined. If you
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2548 want to be <emphasis>really</emphasis> thorough, you can scan the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2549 entire movie:
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2550
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2551 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -nosound -vo null -benchmark</screen>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2552
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2553 Using <option>-benchmark</option> makes
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2554 <application>MPlayer</application> play the movie as quickly as it
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2555 possibly can; still, depending on your hardware, it can take a
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2556 while. Every time demux_mpg reports a framerate change, the line
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2557 immediately above will show you the time at which the change
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2558 occurred.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2559 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2560
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2561 <para>
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2562 Sometimes progressive video on DVDs is referred to as
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2563 &quot;soft-telecine&quot; because it is intended to
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2564 be telecined by the DVD player.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2565 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2566 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2567
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2568 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-telecined">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2569 <title>Telecined</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2570 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2571 Telecined video was originally filmed at 24000/1001, but was telecined
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2572 <emphasis>before</emphasis> it was written to the DVD.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2573 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2574
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2575 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2576 <application>MPlayer</application> does not (ever) report any
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2577 framerate changes when it plays telecined video.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2578 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2579
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2580 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2581 Watching a telecined video, you will see interlacing artifacts that
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2582 seem to &quot;blink&quot;: they repeatedly appear and disappear.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2583 You can look closely at this by
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2584 <orderedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2585 <listitem>
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2586 <screen>mplayer dvd://1</screen>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2587 </listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2588 <listitem><para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2589 Seek to a part with motion.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2590 </para></listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2591 <listitem><para>
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2592 Use the <keycap>.</keycap> key to step forward one frame at a time.
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2593 </para></listitem>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2594 <listitem><para>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2595 Look at the pattern of interlaced-looking and progressive-looking
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2596 frames. If the pattern you see is PPPII,PPPII,PPPII,... then the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2597 video is telecined. If you see some other pattern, then the video
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2598 may have been telecined using some non-standard method;
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2599 <application>MEncoder</application> cannot losslessly convert
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2600 non-standard telecine to progressive. If you do not see any
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2601 pattern at all, then it is most likely interlaced.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2602 </para></listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2603 </orderedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2604 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2605
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2606 <para>
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2607 Sometimes telecined video on DVDs is referred to as
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2608 &quot;hard-telecine&quot;. Since hard-telecine is already 60000/1001 fields
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2609 per second, the DVD player plays the video without any manipulation.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2610 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2611 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2612
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2613 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-interlaced">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2614 <title>Interlaced</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2615 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2616 Interlaced video was originally filmed at 60000/1001 fields per second,
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2617 and stored on the DVD as 30000/1001 frames per second. The interlacing effect
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2618 (often called &quot;combing&quot;) is a result of combining pairs of
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2619 fields into frames. Each field is supposed to be 1/(60000/1001) seconds apart,
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2620 and when they are displayed simultaneously the difference is apparent.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2621 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2622
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2623 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2624 As with telecined video, <application>MPlayer</application> should
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2625 not ever report any framerate changes when playing interlaced content.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2626 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2627
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2628 <para>
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2629 When you view an interlaced video closely by frame-stepping with the
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2630 <keycap>.</keycap> key, you will see that every single frame is interlaced.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2631 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2632 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2633
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2634 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-mixedpt">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2635 <title>Mixed progressive and telecine</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2636 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2637 All of a &quot;mixed progressive and telecine&quot; video was originally
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2638 24000/1001 frames per second, but some parts of it ended up being telecined.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2639 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2640
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2641 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2642 When <application>MPlayer</application> plays this category, it will
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2643 (often repeatedly) switch back and forth between &quot;30000/1001 fps NTSC&quot;
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2644 and &quot;24000/1001 fps progressive NTSC&quot;. Watch the bottom of
12578
3f543ec01d1e 's should be outside of <application> tags.
diego
parents: 12484
diff changeset
2645 <application>MPlayer</application>'s output to see these messages.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2646 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2647
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2648 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2649 You should check the &quot;30000/1001 fps NTSC&quot; sections to make sure
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2650 they are actually telecine, and not just interlaced.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2651 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2652 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2653
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2654 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-mixedpi">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2655 <title>Mixed progressive and interlaced</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2656 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2657 In &quot;mixed progressive and interlaced&quot; content, progressive
11913
60a38618e6e4 duplicate words and spaces removed
nicolas
parents: 11905
diff changeset
2658 and interlaced video have been spliced together.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2659 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2660
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2661 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2662 This category looks just like &quot;mixed progressive and telecine&quot;,
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2663 until you examine the 30000/1001 fps sections and see that they do not have the
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2664 telecine pattern.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2665 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2666 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2667
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2668 </sect2>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2669
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2670 <sect2 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2671 <title>How to encode each category</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2672 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2673 As I mentioned in the beginning, example <application>MEncoder</application>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2674 lines below are <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> meant to actually be used;
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2675 they only demonstrate the minimum parameters to properly encode each category.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2676 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2677
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2678 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-progressive">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2679 <title>Progressive</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2680 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2681 Progressive video requires no special filtering to encode. The only
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2682 parameter you need to be sure to use is
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2683 <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option>. Otherwise, <application>MEncoder</application>
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2684 will try to encode at 30000/1001 fps and will duplicate frames.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2685 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2686
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2687 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2688 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -nosound -ovc lavc -ofps 24000/1001</screen>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2689 </para>
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2690
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2691 <para>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2692 It is often the case, however, that a video that looks progressive
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2693 actually has very short parts of telecine mixed in. Unless you are
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2694 sure, it is safest to treat the video as
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2695 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-encode-mixedpt">mixed progressive and telecine</link>.
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2696 The performance loss is small
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2697 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[3]</link>.
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2698 </para>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2699 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2700
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2701 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-telecined">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2702 <title>Telecined</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2703 <para>
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2704 Telecine can be reversed to retrieve the original 24000/1001 content,
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2705 using a process called inverse-telecine.
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2706 <application>MPlayer</application> contains several filters to
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2707 accomplish this; the best filter, <option>pullup</option>, is described
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2708 in the <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-encode-mixedpt">mixed
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2709 progressive and telecine</link> section.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2710 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2711 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2712
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2713 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-interlaced">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2714 <title>Interlaced</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2715 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2716 For most practical cases it is not possible to retrieve a complete
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2717 progressive video from interlaced content. The only way to do so
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2718 without losing half of the vertical resolution is to double the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2719 framerate and try to &quot;guess&quot; what ought to make up the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2720 corresponding lines for each field (this has drawbacks - see method
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2721 3).
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2722 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2723
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2724 <orderedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2725 <listitem><para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2726
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2727 Encode the video in interlaced form. Normally, interlacing wreaks
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2728 havoc with the encoder's ability to compress well, but
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2729 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> has two
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2730 parameters specifically for dealing with storing interlaced video a
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2731 bit better: <option> ildct</option> and <option>ilme</option>. Also,
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2732 using <option>mbd=2</option> is strongly recommended
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2733 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[2] </link> because it
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2734 will encode macroblocks as non-interlaced in places where there is
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2735 no motion. Note that <option>-ofps</option> is NOT needed here.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2736
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2737 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -nosound -ovc lavc -lavcopts ildct:ilme:mbd=2</screen>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2738 </para></listitem>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
2739 <listitem><para>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2740 Use a deinterlacing filter before encoding. There are several of
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2741 these filters available to choose from, each with its own advantages
11913
60a38618e6e4 duplicate words and spaces removed
nicolas
parents: 11905
diff changeset
2742 and disadvantages. Consult <option>mplayer -pphelp</option> to see
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2743 what is available (grep for &quot;deint&quot;), and search the
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2744 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/homepage/design6/info.html#mailing_lists">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2745 MPlayer mailing lists</ulink> to find many discussions about the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2746 various filters. Again, the framerate is not changing, so no
11913
60a38618e6e4 duplicate words and spaces removed
nicolas
parents: 11905
diff changeset
2747 <option>-ofps</option>. Also, deinterlacing should be done after
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2748 cropping <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[1]</link> and
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2749 before scaling.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2750
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2751 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -nosound -vf pp=lb -ovc lavc</screen>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2752 </para></listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2753 <listitem><para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2754 Unfortunately, this option is buggy with
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2755 <application>MEncoder</application>; it ought to work well with
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2756 <application>MEncoder G2</application>, but that is not here yet. You
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2757 might experience crahes. Anyway, the purpose of <option> -vf
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2758 tfields</option> is to create a full frame out of each field, which
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2759 makes the framerate 60000/1001. The advantage of this approach is that no
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2760 data is ever lost; however, since each frame comes from only one
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2761 field, the missing lines have to be interpolated somehow. There are
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2762 no very good methods of generating the missing data, and so the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2763 result will look a bit similar to when using some deinterlacing
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2764 filters. Generating the missing lines creates other issues, as well,
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2765 simply because the amount of data doubles. So, higher encoding
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2766 bitrates are required to maintain quality, and more CPU power is
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2767 used for both encoding and decoding. tfields has several different
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2768 options for how to create the missing lines of each frame. If you
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2769 use this method, then Reference the manual, and chose whichever
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2770 option looks best for your material. Note that when using
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2771 <option>tfields</option> you
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
2772 <emphasis role="bold">have to</emphasis> specify both
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2773 <option>-fps</option> and <option>-ofps</option> to be twice the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2774 framerate of your original source.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2775
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2776 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -nosound -vf tfields=2 -ovc lavc -fps 60000/1001 -ofps 60000/1001</screen>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2777 </para></listitem>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
2778 <listitem><para>
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2779 If you plan on downscaling dramatically, you can extract and encode
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2780 only one of the two fields. Of course, you will lose half the vertical
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2781 resolution, but if you plan on downscaling to at most 1/2 of the
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2782 original, the loss will not matter much. The result will be a
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2783 progressive 30000/1001 frames per second file. The procedure is to use
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2784 <option>-vf field</option>, then crop
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2785 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[1]</link> and scale
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2786 appropriately. Remember that you will have to adjust the scale to
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2787 compensate for the vertical resolution being halved.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2788 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -nosound -vf field=0 -ovc lavc</screen>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2789 </para></listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2790 </orderedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2791 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2792
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2793 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-mixedpt">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2794 <title>Mixed progressive and telecine</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2795 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2796 In order to turn mixed progressive and telecine video into entirely
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2797 progressive video, the telecined parts have to be
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2798 inverse-telecined. There are three ways to accomplish this,
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2799 described below. Note that you should
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2800 <emphasis role="bold">always</emphasis> inverse-telecine before any
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2801 rescaling; unless you really know what you are doing,
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2802 inverse-telecine before cropping, too
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2803 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[1]</link>.
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2804 <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option> is needed here because the output video
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2805 will be 24000/1001 frames per second.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2806 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2807
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2808 <itemizedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2809 <listitem><para>
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2810 <option>-vf pullup</option> is designed to inverse-telecine
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2811 telecined material while leaving progressive data alone. In order to
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2812 work properly, <option>pullup</option> <emphasis role="bold">must</emphasis>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2813 be followed by the <option>softskip</option> filter or
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2814 else <application>MEncoder</application> will crash.
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2815 <option>pullup</option> is, however, the cleanest and most
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2816 accurate method available for encoding both telecine and
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2817 &quot;mixed progressive and telecine&quot;.
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2818
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2819 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -nosound -vf pullup,softskip -ovc lavc -ofps 24000/1001</screen>
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2820 </para>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2821
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2822
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2823 </listitem>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2824 <listitem><para>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2825 An older method
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2826 is to, rather than inverse-telecine the telecined parts, telecine
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2827 the non-telecined parts and then inverse-telecine the whole
11913
60a38618e6e4 duplicate words and spaces removed
nicolas
parents: 11905
diff changeset
2828 video. Sound confusing? softpulldown is a filter that goes through
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2829 a video and makes the entire file telecined. If we follow
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2830 softpulldown with either <option>detc</option> or
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2831 <option>ivtc</option>, the final result will be entirely
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2832 progressive. <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option> is needed.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2833
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2834 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -nosound -vf softpulldown,ivtc=1 -ovc lavc -ofps 24000/1001</screen>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2835 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2836 </listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2837
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2838 <listitem><para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2839 I have not used <option>-vf filmdint</option> myself, but here is what
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2840 D Richard Felker III has to say:
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2841
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2842 <blockquote><para>It is OK, but IMO it tries to deinterlace rather
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2843 than doing inverse telecine too often (much like settop DVD
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2844 players &amp; progressive TVs) which gives ugly flickering and
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2845 other artifacts. If you are going to use it, you at least need to
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2846 spend some time tuning the options and watching the output first
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2847 to make sure it is not messing up.</para></blockquote>
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2848 </para></listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2849 </itemizedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2850 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2851
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2852 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-mixedpi">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2853 <title>Mixed progressive and interlaced</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2854 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2855 There are two options for dealing with this category, each of
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2856 which is a compromise. You should decide based on the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2857 duration/location of each type.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2858 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2859
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2860 <itemizedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2861 <listitem><para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2862 Treat it as progressive. The interlaced parts will look interlaced,
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2863 and some of the interlaced fields will have to be dropped, resulting
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2864 in a bit of uneven jumpiness. You can use a postprocessing filter if
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2865 you want to, but it may slightly degrade the progressive parts.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2866 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2867
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2868 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2869 This option should definitely not be used if you want to eventually
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2870 display the video on an interlaced device (with a TV card, for
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2871 example). If you have interlaced frames in a 24000/1001 frames per
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2872 second video, they will be telecined along with the progressive
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2873 frames. Half of the interlaced "frames" will be displayed for three
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2874 fields' duration (3/(60000/1001) seconds), resulting in a flicking
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2875 &quot;jump back in time&quot; effect that looks quite bad. If you
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2876 even attempt this, you <emphasis role="bold">must</emphasis> use a
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2877 deinterlacing filter like <option>lb</option> or
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2878 <option>l5</option>.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2879 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2880
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2881 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2882 It may also be a bad idea for progressive display, too. It will drop
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2883 pairs of consecutive interlaced fields, resulting in a discontinuity
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2884 that can be more visible than with the second method, which shows
14958
85546d215f6e precise framerate values everywhere
diego
parents: 14828
diff changeset
2885 some progressive frames twice. 30000/1001 frames per second interlaced
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2886 video is already a bit choppy because it really should be shown at
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2887 60000/1001 fields per second, so the duplicate frames do not stand out as
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2888 much.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2889 </para>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
2890
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2891 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2892 Either way, it is best to consider your content and how you intend to
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2893 display it. If your video is 90% progressive and you never intend to
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2894 show it on a TV, you should favor a progressive approach. If it is
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2895 only half progressive, you probably want to encode it as if it is all
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2896 interlaced.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2897 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2898 </listitem>
12758
250ce1b2ef8f improved DVD ripping guide by Jason Tackaberry <tack@sault.org>
diego
parents: 12615
diff changeset
2899
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2900 <listitem><para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2901 Treat it as interlaced. Some frames of the progressive parts will
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2902 need to be duplicated, resulting in uneven jumpiness. Again,
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2903 deinterlacing filters may slightly degrade the progressive parts.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2904 </para></listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2906 </itemizedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2907 </sect3>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2908
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2909 </sect2>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2910
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2911 <sect2 id="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2912 <title>Footnotes</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2913 <orderedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2914 <listitem><formalpara>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2915 <title>About cropping:</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2916 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2917 Video data on DVDs are stored in a format called YUV 4:2:0. In YUV
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2918 video, luma (&quot;brightness&quot;) and chroma (&quot;color&quot;)
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2919 are stored separately. Because the human eye is somewhat less
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2920 sensitive to color than it is to brightness, in a YUV 4:2:0 picture
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2921 there is only one chroma pixel for every four luma pixels. In a
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2922 progressive picture, each square of four luma pixels (two on each
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2923 side) has one common chroma pixel. You must crop progressive YUV
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2924 4:2:0 to even resolutions, and use even offsets. For example,
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2925 <option>crop=716:380:2:26</option> is OK but
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2926 <option>crop=716:380:3:26 </option> is not.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2927 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2928 </formalpara>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2929
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2930 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2931 When you are dealing with interlaced YUV 4:2:0, the situation is a
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2932 bit more complicated. Instead of every four luma pixels in the
11913
60a38618e6e4 duplicate words and spaces removed
nicolas
parents: 11905
diff changeset
2933 <emphasis>frame</emphasis> sharing a chroma pixel, every four luma
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2934 pixels in each <emphasis> field</emphasis> share a chroma
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2935 pixel. When fields are interlaced to form a frame, each scanline is
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2936 one pixel high. Now, instead of all four luma pixels being in a
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2937 square, there are two pixels side-by-side, and the other two pixels
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2938 are side-by-side two scanlines down. The two luma pixels in the
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2939 intermediate scanline are from the other field, and so share a
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2940 different chroma pixel with two luma pixels two scanlines away. All
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2941 this confusion makes it necessary to have vertical crop dimensions
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2942 and offsets be multiples of four. Horizontal can stay even.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2943 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2944
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2945 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2946 For telecined video, I recommend that cropping take place after
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2947 inverse telecining. Once the video is progressive you only need to
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2948 crop by even numbers. If you really want to gain the slight speedup
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2949 that cropping first may offer, you must crop vertically by multiples
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2950 of four or else the inverse-telecine filter will not have proper data.
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2951 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2952
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2953 <para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2954 For interlaced (not telecined) video, you must always crop
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2955 vertically by multiples of four unless you use <option>-vf
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2956 field</option> before cropping.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2957 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2958 </listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2959
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2960 <listitem><formalpara>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2961 <title>About encoding parameters and quality:</title>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2962 <para>
15329
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2963 Just because I recommend <option>mbd=2</option> here does not mean it
4c039fa37dbf Removes all English's short forms.
gpoirier
parents: 15326
diff changeset
2964 should not be used elsewhere. Along with <option>trell</option>,
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2965 <option>mbd=2</option> is one of the two
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2966 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> options that
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2967 increases quality the most, and you should always use at least those
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2968 two unless the drop in encoding speed is prohibitive (e.g. realtime
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2969 encoding). There are many other options to
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2970 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> that increase
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2971 encoding quality (and decrease encoding speed) but that is beyond
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2972 the scope of this document.
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2973 </para>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2974 </formalpara>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2975 </listitem>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2976
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2977 <listitem><formalpara>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2978 <title>About the performance of pullup:</title>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2979 <para>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2980 It is safe to use <option>pullup</option> (along with <option>softskip
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2981 </option>) on progressive video, and is usually a good idea unless
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2982 the source has been definitively verified to be entirely progressive.
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2983 The performace loss is small for most cases. On a bare-minimum encode,
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2984 <option>pullup</option> causes <application>MEncoder</application> to
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2985 be 50% slower. Adding sound processing and advanced <option>lavcopts
14828
37112d48fb50 grammar fix by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml at fatooh dot org>
diego
parents: 14734
diff changeset
2986 </option> overshadows that difference, bringing the performance
14734
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2987 decrease of using <option>pullup</option> down to 2%.
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2988 </para>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2989 </formalpara>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2990 </listitem>
0b91f9428c4d Update the MEncoder telecine documentation.
diego
parents: 14422
diff changeset
2991
11905
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2992 </orderedlist>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2993
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2994 </sect2>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2995
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2996 </sect1>
e1730b82a762 Telecine HOWTO by Corey Hickey <bugfood-ml@fatooh.org>, some modifications
diego
parents: 11823
diff changeset
2997
9675
62c5a17038ba XML version of MPlayer's doc
nicolas
parents:
diff changeset
2998 </chapter>