comparison DOCS/xml/en/mencoder.xml @ 15931:545e7ec8bce7

Fixes suggested by Diego

15930:f59fdc0d0d14

    bright or if it is a TFT monitor).
</para></listitem>

<listitem><para>
  <emphasis role="bold">qpel</emphasis>
    Raise the number of candidate motion vectors's by increasing
    the precision of the motion estimation from halfpel to
    quarterpel.
    The idea is to find better motion vectors which will in return
    reduce bitrate (hence increasing quality).
    However, motion vectors with quarterpel precision require a

<listitem><para>
  <emphasis role="bold">gmc</emphasis>
    Tries to save bits on panning scenes by using a single motion
    vector for the whole frame.
    This almost always raise PSNR, but significantly slows down
    encoding (significantly slows down encoding).
    Therefore, you should only use it when you have turned
    <option>vhq</option> to the maximum.
    <systemitem class="library">XviD</systemitem>'s GMC is more
    sophisticated than DivX's, but is only supported by few
    standalone players.

        <entry>23.976, 29.97</entry>
        <entry>4:3, 16:9 (only for 720x480)</entry>
    </row>
    <row>
        <entry>NTSC DVD</entry>
        <entry>352x240*</entry> 
        <entry>MPEG-1</entry>
        <entry>1856 kbps</entry>
        <entry>48000 Hz</entry>
        <entry>AC3,PCM</entry>
        <entry>1536 kbps</entry>

        <entry>25</entry>
        <entry>4:3, 16:9 (only for 720x576)</entry>
    </row>
    <row>
        <entry>PAL DVD</entry>
        <entry>352x288*</entry>
        <entry>MPEG-1</entry>
        <entry>1856 kbps</entry>
        <entry>48000 Hz</entry>
        <entry>MP2,AC3,PCM</entry>
        <entry>1536 kbps</entry>

        <entry>4:3</entry>
    </row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
<para>
  * These resolutions are rarely used for DVDs because they are fairly low
  quality.
</para>

<para>
  If your movie has 2.35:1 aspect (most recent action movies), you will
  have to add black borders or crop the movie down to 16:9 to make a DVD
  or VCD.

<sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints-gop">
<title>GOP Size Constraints</title>
<para>
  DVD, VCD, and SVCD also constrain you to relatively low 
  GOP (Group of Pictures) sizes.
  For 30 fps material the largest allows GOP size is 18.
  For 25 or 25 fps, the maximum is 15.
  The GOP size is set using the <option>keyint</option> option.
</para>
</sect3>

<sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-output-srate">
<title>Sample Rate Conversion</title>
<para>
  If the audio sample rate in the original file is not the same as
  required by the target format, sample rate conversion is required.
  This is acheived using the <option>-srate</option> and 
  <option>-af lavcresample</option> options together.
  </para>
  <para>
  DVD:
  <screen>
  -srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000

  <emphasis role="bold">acodec</emphasis>:
  <option>mp2</option> for VCD, SVCD, or PAL DVD;
  <option>ac3</option> is most commonly used for DVD.
  PCM audio may also be used for DVD, but this is mostly a big waste of
  space.
  Note that mp3 audio is not compliant for any of these formats, but
  players often have no problem playing it anyway.
</para></listitem>

<listitem><para>
  <emphasis role="bold">abitrate</emphasis>:

<para>
  For higher quality encoding, you may also wish to add quality-enhancing
  options to lavcopts, such as <option>trell</option>,
  <option>mbd=2</option>, and others.
  Note that <option>qpel</option> and <option>v4mv</option>, while often
  useful with MPEG-4, are not usable in MPEG-1 or MPEG-2.
  Also, if you are trying to make a very high quality DVD encode, it may
  be useful to add <option>dc=10</option> to lavcopts.
  Doing so may help reduce the appearance of blocks in flat-colored areas.
  Putting it all together, this is an example of a set of lavcopts for a
  higher quality DVD:

</sect2>

<sect2 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio">
<title>Encoding Audio</title>
<para>
  VCD and SVCD supports MPEG-1 layer II audio, using one of
  <systemitem class="library">toolame</systemitem>,
  <systemitem class="library">twolame</systemitem>,
  or <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s mp2 encoder.
  The libavcodec mp2 is far from being as good as the other two libraries,
  however it should always be available to use.
</para>

<para>
  For DVD audio, <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s

15931:545e7ec8bce7

    bright or if it is a TFT monitor).
</para></listitem>

<listitem><para>
  <emphasis role="bold">qpel</emphasis>
    Raise the number of candidate motion vectors by increasing
    the precision of the motion estimation from halfpel to
    quarterpel.
    The idea is to find better motion vectors which will in return
    reduce bitrate (hence increasing quality).
    However, motion vectors with quarterpel precision require a

<listitem><para>
  <emphasis role="bold">gmc</emphasis>
    Tries to save bits on panning scenes by using a single motion
    vector for the whole frame.
    This almost always raises PSNR, but significantly slows down
    encoding (as well as decoding).
    Therefore, you should only use it when you have turned
    <option>vhq</option> to the maximum.
    <systemitem class="library">XviD</systemitem>'s GMC is more
    sophisticated than DivX's, but is only supported by few
    standalone players.

        <entry>23.976, 29.97</entry>
        <entry>4:3, 16:9 (only for 720x480)</entry>
    </row>
    <row>
        <entry>NTSC DVD</entry>
        <entry>352x240<footnote id='fn-rare-resolutions'><para>
	  These resolutions are rarely used for DVDs because
	  they are fairly low quality.</para></footnote></entry> 
        <entry>MPEG-1</entry>
        <entry>1856 kbps</entry>
        <entry>48000 Hz</entry>
        <entry>AC3,PCM</entry>
        <entry>1536 kbps</entry>

        <entry>25</entry>
        <entry>4:3, 16:9 (only for 720x576)</entry>
    </row>
    <row>
        <entry>PAL DVD</entry>
        <entry>352x288<footnoteref linkend='fn-rare-resolutions'/></entry>
        <entry>MPEG-1</entry>
        <entry>1856 kbps</entry>
        <entry>48000 Hz</entry>
        <entry>MP2,AC3,PCM</entry>
        <entry>1536 kbps</entry>

        <entry>4:3</entry>
    </row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>

<para>
  If your movie has 2.35:1 aspect (most recent action movies), you will
  have to add black borders or crop the movie down to 16:9 to make a DVD
  or VCD.

<sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints-gop">
<title>GOP Size Constraints</title>
<para>
  DVD, VCD, and SVCD also constrain you to relatively low 
  GOP (Group of Pictures) sizes.
  For 30 fps material the largest allowed GOP size is 18.
  For 25 or 25 fps, the maximum is 15.
  The GOP size is set using the <option>keyint</option> option.
</para>
</sect3>

<sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-output-srate">
<title>Sample Rate Conversion</title>
<para>
  If the audio sample rate in the original file is not the same as
  required by the target format, sample rate conversion is required.
  This is achieved using the <option>-srate</option> and 
  -af lavcresample options together.
  </para>
  <para>
  DVD:
  <screen>
  -srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000

  <emphasis role="bold">acodec</emphasis>:
  <option>mp2</option> for VCD, SVCD, or PAL DVD;
  <option>ac3</option> is most commonly used for DVD.
  PCM audio may also be used for DVD, but this is mostly a big waste of
  space.
  Note that MP3 audio is not compliant for any of these formats, but
  players often have no problem playing it anyway.
</para></listitem>

<listitem><para>
  <emphasis role="bold">abitrate</emphasis>:

<para>
  For higher quality encoding, you may also wish to add quality-enhancing
  options to lavcopts, such as <option>trell</option>,
  <option>mbd=2</option>, and others.
  Note that <option>qpel</option> and <option>v4mv</option>, while often
  useful with MPEG-4, are not usable with MPEG-1 or MPEG-2.
  Also, if you are trying to make a very high quality DVD encode, it may
  be useful to add <option>dc=10</option> to lavcopts.
  Doing so may help reduce the appearance of blocks in flat-colored areas.
  Putting it all together, this is an example of a set of lavcopts for a
  higher quality DVD:

</sect2>

<sect2 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio">
<title>Encoding Audio</title>
<para>
  VCD and SVCD support MPEG-1 layer II audio, using one of
  <systemitem class="library">toolame</systemitem>,
  <systemitem class="library">twolame</systemitem>,
  or <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s MP2 encoder.
  The libavcodec MP2 is far from being as good as the other two libraries,
  however it should always be available to use.
</para>

<para>
  For DVD audio, <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s