comparison DOCS/xml/en/video.xml @ 10111:a570a78537aa

various fixes and updates

10110:0768c63a7bd3

<para>
Older 3dfx drivers were known to have problems with XVideo acceleration, it
didn't support either YUY2 or YV12, and so. Verify that you have XFree86
version 4.2.0 or greater, it works OK with YV12 and YUY2. Previous
versions, including 4.1.0, <emphasis role="bold">crashes with YV12</emphasis>.
If you experience strange effects using -vo xv, try SDL (it has XVideo too) and
see if it helps. Check the <link linkend="sdl">SDL section</link> for details.
</para>

<para>
<emphasis role="bold">OR</emphasis>, try the NEW

</para>

<caution>
<title>Security risk</title>
<para>
This is a <emphasis role="bold">big</emphasis> security risk! Never do this
on a server or on a computer can be accessed by other people because they
can gain root privileges through SUID root
<application>MPlayer</application>.
</para>
</caution>

<para>

<sect4 id="sdl">
<title>SDL</title>

<para>
SDL (Simple Directmedia Layer) is basically a unified
video/audio interface. Programs that use it know only about SDL, and not
about what video or audio driver does SDL actually use.  For example a Doom
port using SDL can run on svgalib, aalib, X, fbdev, and others, you only
have to specify the (for example) video driver to use with the
<envar>SDL_VIDEODRIVER</envar> environment variable. Well, in theory.

<sect4 id="fbdev">
<title>Framebuffer output (FBdev)</title>

<para>
Whether to build the FBdev target is autodetected during
<filename>./configure</filename>.  Read the framebuffer documentation in
the kernel sources (<filename>Documentation/fb/*</filename>) for more
information.
</para>

<para>

<para>
AAlib is a library for displaying graphics in text mode, using powerful
ASCII renderer. There are <emphasis>lots</emphasis> of programs already
supporting it, like Doom, Quake, etc. <application>MPlayer</application>
contains a very usable driver for it.  If <filename>./configure</filename>
detects aalib installed, the aalib libvo driver will be built.
</para>

<para>
You can use some keys in the AA Window to change rendering options:

<para>
The rendering is very CPU intensive, especially when using AA-on-X
(using aalib on X), and it's least CPU intensive on standard,
non-framebuffer console. Use SVGATextMode to set up a big textmode,
then enjoy! (secondary head Hercules cards rock :)) (but imho you
can use -vf 1bpp option to get graphics on hgafb:)
</para>
</note>

<para>
Use the <option>-framedrop</option> option if your computer isn't fast

<listitem><simpara>
  You can use VIDIX with it, thus getting accelerated video display
  <emphasis role="bold">and</emphasis> TV output at the same time!
  (Recommended for ATI cards.)
  </simpara></listitem>
</itemizedlist>

<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
<title>DISADVANTAGES</title>
<listitem><simpara>

<varlistentry>
  <term><option>-vo vesa:<replaceable>opts</replaceable></option></term>
  <listitem><simpara>
    currently recognized: <literal>dga</literal> to force dga mode and
    <literal>nodga</literal> to disable dga mode. In dga mode you can enable
    double buffering via the -double option. Note: you may omit these parameters
    to enable <emphasis role="bold">autodetection</emphasis> of dga mode.
    </simpara></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<itemizedlist spacing="compact">

  So if you have such problem - always use VESA driver only from
  <emphasis role="bold">text-mode</emphasis>. Otherwise text-mode (#03) will
  be activated anyway and you will need restart your computer.
  </simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara>
  Often after terminating VESA driver you get black screen. To return your
  screen to original state - simply switch to other console (by pressing
  <keycap>Alt</keycap>+<keycap>F&lt;x&gt;</keycap>)
  then switch to your previous console by the same way.
  </simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara>
  To get <emphasis role="bold">working TV-out</emphasis> you need have plugged
  TV-connector in before booting your PC since video BIOS initializes

<title>VIDIX</title>

<formalpara>
<title>PREAMBLE</title>
<para>
VIDIX is the abbreviation for <emphasis role="bold">VID</emphasis>eo
<emphasis role="bold">I</emphasis>nterface for *ni<emphasis role="bold">X</emphasis>.
VIDIX was designed and introduced as an interface for fast user-space drivers
providing such video performance as mga_vid does for Matrox cards. It's also very
portable.
</para>

</itemizedlist>

<formalpara>
<title>USAGE METHODS</title>
<para>
When VIDIX is used as <emphasis>subdevice</emphasis> (<option>-vo
vesa:vidix</option>) then video mode configuration is performed by video
output device (<emphasis>vo_server</emphasis> in short). Therefore you can
pass into command line of <application>MPlayer</application> the same keys
as for vo_server. In addition it understands <option>-double</option> key
as globally visible parameter. (I recommend using this key with VIDIX at
least for ATI's card). As for <option>-vo xvidix</option> : currently it
recognizes the following options: <option>-fs -zoom -x -y -double</option>.

</para>

<para>
Since VIDIX requires direct hardware access you can either run it as root
or set the SUID bit on the <application>MPlayer</application> binary
(<emphasis role="bold">Warning: This is a security risk!</emphasis>
Alternatively, you can use a special kernel module, like this:
</para>

<procedure>
<step><para>

  (it doesn't need the svgalib source to compile) from
  <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/~alex/svgalib_helper-1.9.17-mplayer.tar.bz2">here</ulink>.
  </para></step>
<step><para>
  Compile the module in the <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename>
  directory if you've downloaded the source from the svgalib site) and insmod it.
  </para></step>
<step><para>
  Move the <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename> directory to
  <filename class="directory">mplayer/main/libdha/svgalib_helper</filename>.

<para>
The driver was written and is maintained by Alastair M. Robinson, who
offers the very latest driver versions for download from his
<ulink url="http://www.blackfiveservices.co.uk/EPIAVidix.shtml">homepage</ulink>.
The drivers are added to MPlayer with only a short delay, so CVS should always
be up to date.
</para>
</sect5>

<sect5 id="vidix-3dlabs">
<title>3DLabs cards</title>

</para></blockquote>

<para>I'll exclude DirectFB features from this section.</para>

<para>
Though MPlayer is not supported as a &quot;video provider&quot; in DirectFB, this
output driver will enable video playback through DirectFB. It will - of course -
be accelerated, on my Matrox G400 DirectFB's speed was the same as XVideo.
</para>

<para>
Always try to use the newest version of DirectFB. You can use DirectFB options on
the command line, using the <option>-dfbopts</option> option. Layer selection can

<para><screen>./configure --enable-dvb</screen></para>

<para>If you have ost headers at a non-standard path, set the path with</para>

<para><screen>./configure --with-extraincdir=&lt;DVB source directory&gt;/ost/include
</screen></para>

<para>Then compile and install as usual.</para>

<formalpara>

parameters (hardware horizontal scaling and software vertical scaling
while keeping the right aspect ratio), use the new dvbscale filter:
</para>

<para><screen>
for  3:4 TV: -vf dvbscale,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1
for 16:9 TV: -vf dvbscale=1024,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1
</screen></para>

<formalpara>
<title>FUTURE</title>

<para>
First of all you will need properly installed DXR3/H+ drivers, version 0.12.0
or later. You can find the drivers and installation instructions at the
<ulink url="http://dxr3.sourceforge.net/">DXR3 &amp; Hollywood Plus for Linux</ulink>
site. Configure should detect your card automatically, compilation should go
without problems.
</para>

<!-- FIXME: find a more clear presentation -->
<variablelist>
<title>USAGE</title>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-vo dxr3:prebuf:sync:norm=x:&lt;device&gt;</option></term>
<listitem><para>
<option>overlay</option> activates the overlay instead of TVOut. It requires
that you have a properly configured overlay setup to work right. The easiest
way to configure the overlay is to first run autocal. Then run mplayer with
dxr3 output and without overlay turned on, run dxr3view. In dxr3view you can
tweak the overlay settings and see the effects in realtime, perhaps this feature
will be supported by the MPlayer GUI in the future. When overlay is properly set
up you will no longer need to use dxr3view.&#x0d;
<option>prebuf</option> turns on prebuffering. Prebuffering is a feature of the
em8300 chip that enables it to hold more than one frame of video at a time. This
means that when you are running with prebuffering MPlayer will try to keep the
video buffer filled with data at all times. If you are on a slow machine MPlayer
will probably use close to, or precisely 100% of CPU. This is especially common

<option>norm=x</option> will set the TV norm of the DXR3 card without the need
for external tools like em8300setup. Valid norms are 5 = NTSC, 4 = PAL-60,
3 = PAL. Special norms are 2 (auto-adjust using PAL/PAL-60) and 1 (auto-adjust
using PAL/NTSC) because they decide which norm to use by looking at the frame
rate of the movie. norm = 0 (default) does not change the current norm.
<option>&lt;device&gt;</option> = device number to use if you have more than one em8300
card.
Any of these options may be left out.
<option>:prebuf:sync</option> seems to work great when playing DivX movies. People
have reported problems using the prebuf option when playing MPEG1/2 files. You
might want to try running without any options first, if you have sync problems,

the moment lavc is both faster and gives better image quality, it is suggested
that you use that unless you have problems with it. See the man page for further
info about <option>-vf lavc/fame</option>.
Using lavc is highly recommended. Currently there is no way of setting the fps
of the em8300 which means that it is fixed to 29.97fps. Because of this it is
highly recommended that you use <option>-vf lavc=&lt;quality&gt;:25</option>
especially if you are using prebuffering. Then why 25 and not 29.97? Well, the
thing is that when you use 29.97 the picture becomes a bit jumpy. The reason for
this is unknown to us. If you set it to somewhere between 25 and 27 the picture
becomes stable. For now all we can do is accept this for a fact.
</para></listitem>

then you would issue the following command
<screen>mplayer -vo zr -zrcrop 720x320+80+0 benhur.avi</screen>
</para>

<para>
if you want to use the <systemitem>crop</systemitem> filter, you would do
<screen>mplayer -vo zr -vf crop=720:320:80:0 benhur.avi</screen>
</para>

<para>
Extra occurances of <option>-zrcrop</option> invoke <emphasis>cinerama</emphasis>

participating in <emphasis>cinerama</emphasis> is four, so you can build a
2x2 vidiwall.
</para>

<para>
inally an important remark: Do not start or stop XawTV on the playback device
during playback, it will crash your computer. It is, however, fine to
<emphasis role="bold">FIRST</emphasis> start XawTV, <emphasis role="bold">THEN</emphasis>
start MPlayer, wait for MPlayer to finish and <emphasis role="bold">THEN</emphasis>
stop XawTV.
</para>

    using the 3D engine to zoom, and the YUV framebuffer to display the
    zoomed image. If you really want to use X, use the <option>-vo x11 -fs
    -zoom</option> options, but it will be <emphasis role="bold">SLOW</emphasis>,
    and has <emphasis role="bold">Macrovision</emphasis> copy protection enabled
    (you can "workaround" Macrovision using this
    <ulink url="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/mgamacro.pl">perl
    script</ulink>.
    </para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
  <term>Framebuffer</term>
  <listitem><para>

      </para></step>
    <step><para>
      Next, EDIT and run the <filename>./matroxtv</filename> script. This will
      present you to a very simple menu. Press <keycap>2</keycap> and
      <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Now you should have the same picture on your
      monitor, and TV. The 3rd option will turn on independent display, but
      then you <emphasis>can't use X!</emphasis> If the TV (PAL by default)
      picture has some weird stripes on it, the script wasn't able to set the
      resolution correctly (to 640x512 by default). Try other resolutions
      from the menu and/or experiment with fbset.
      </para></step>
    <step><para>

Check <ulink url="http://www.iki.fi/too/tvout-voodoo3-3000-xfree">this URL</ulink>.
</para>
</sect4>

<sect4 id="tvout-nvidia">
<title>Voodoo 3</title>
<para>
First, you MUST download the closed-source drivers from <ulink url="http://nvidia.com"/>.
I will not describe the installation and configuration process because it does not cover
the scope of this documentation.
</para>

10111:a570a78537aa

<para>
Older 3dfx drivers were known to have problems with XVideo acceleration, it
didn't support either YUY2 or YV12, and so. Verify that you have XFree86
version 4.2.0 or greater, it works OK with YV12 and YUY2. Previous
versions, including 4.1.0, <emphasis role="bold">crashes with YV12</emphasis>.
If you experience strange effects using <option>-vo xv</option>, try SDL (it has XVideo too) and
see if it helps. Check the <link linkend="sdl">SDL section</link> for details.
</para>

<para>
<emphasis role="bold">OR</emphasis>, try the NEW

</para>

<caution>
<title>Security risk</title>
<para>
This is a <emphasis role="bold">big</emphasis> security risk!
<emphasis role="bold">Never</emphasis> do this on a server or on a computer can be
accessed by other people because they can gain root privileges through SUID root
<application>MPlayer</application>.
</para>
</caution>

<para>

<sect4 id="sdl">
<title>SDL</title>

<para>
<acronym>SDL</acronym> (Simple Directmedia Layer) is basically a unified
video/audio interface. Programs that use it know only about SDL, and not
about what video or audio driver does SDL actually use.  For example a Doom
port using SDL can run on svgalib, aalib, X, fbdev, and others, you only
have to specify the (for example) video driver to use with the
<envar>SDL_VIDEODRIVER</envar> environment variable. Well, in theory.

<sect4 id="fbdev">
<title>Framebuffer output (FBdev)</title>

<para>
Whether to build the FBdev target is autodetected during
<filename>./configure</filename>. Read the framebuffer documentation in
the kernel sources (<filename>Documentation/fb/*</filename>) for more
information.
</para>

<para>

<para>
AAlib is a library for displaying graphics in text mode, using powerful
ASCII renderer. There are <emphasis>lots</emphasis> of programs already
supporting it, like Doom, Quake, etc. <application>MPlayer</application>
contains a very usable driver for it. If <filename>./configure</filename>
detects aalib installed, the aalib libvo driver will be built.
</para>

<para>
You can use some keys in the AA Window to change rendering options:

<para>
The rendering is very CPU intensive, especially when using AA-on-X
(using aalib on X), and it's least CPU intensive on standard,
non-framebuffer console. Use SVGATextMode to set up a big textmode,
then enjoy! (secondary head Hercules cards rock :)) (but imho you
can use <option>-vf 1bpp</option> option to get graphics on hgafb:)
</para>
</note>

<para>
Use the <option>-framedrop</option> option if your computer isn't fast

<listitem><simpara>
  You can use VIDIX with it, thus getting accelerated video display
  <emphasis role="bold">and</emphasis> TV output at the same time!
  (Recommended for ATI cards.)
  </simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara>
  If you have VESA VBE 3.0+, and you had specified
  <systemitem>monitor_hfreq, monitor_vfreq, monitor_dotclock</systemitem> somewhere
  (config file, or commandline) you will get the highest possible refresh rate.
  (Using General Timing Formula). To enable this feature you have to specify
  <emphasis role="bold">all</emphasis> your monitor options.
  </simpara></listitem>
</itemizedlist>

<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
<title>DISADVANTAGES</title>
<listitem><simpara>

<varlistentry>
  <term><option>-vo vesa:<replaceable>opts</replaceable></option></term>
  <listitem><simpara>
    currently recognized: <literal>dga</literal> to force dga mode and
    <literal>nodga</literal> to disable dga mode. In dga mode you can enable
    double buffering via the <option>-double</option> option. Note: you may omit
    these parameters to enable <emphasis role="bold">autodetection</emphasis> of
    dga mode.
    </simpara></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<itemizedlist spacing="compact">

  So if you have such problem - always use VESA driver only from
  <emphasis role="bold">text-mode</emphasis>. Otherwise text-mode (#03) will
  be activated anyway and you will need restart your computer.
  </simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara>
  Often after terminating VESA driver you get <emphasis role="bold">black</emphasis>
  screen. To return your screen to original state - simply switch to other console
  (by pressing <keycap>Alt</keycap>+<keycap>F&lt;x&gt;</keycap>)
  then switch to your previous console by the same way.
  </simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara>
  To get <emphasis role="bold">working TV-out</emphasis> you need have plugged
  TV-connector in before booting your PC since video BIOS initializes

<title>VIDIX</title>

<formalpara>
<title>PREAMBLE</title>
<para>
<acronym>VIDIX</acronym> is the abbreviation for <emphasis role="bold">VID</emphasis>eo
<emphasis role="bold">I</emphasis>nterface for *ni<emphasis role="bold">X</emphasis>.
VIDIX was designed and introduced as an interface for fast user-space drivers
providing such video performance as mga_vid does for Matrox cards. It's also very
portable.
</para>

</itemizedlist>

<formalpara>
<title>USAGE METHODS</title>
<para>
When VIDIX is used as <emphasis role="bold">subdevice</emphasis> (<option>-vo
vesa:vidix</option>) then video mode configuration is performed by video
output device (<emphasis role="bold">vo_server</emphasis> in short). Therefore you can
pass into command line of <application>MPlayer</application> the same keys
as for vo_server. In addition it understands <option>-double</option> key
as globally visible parameter. (I recommend using this key with VIDIX at
least for ATI's card). As for <option>-vo xvidix</option> : currently it
recognizes the following options: <option>-fs -zoom -x -y -double</option>.

</para>

<para>
Since VIDIX requires direct hardware access you can either run it as root
or set the SUID bit on the <application>MPlayer</application> binary
(<emphasis role="bold">Warning: This is a security risk!</emphasis>).
Alternatively, you can use a special kernel module, like this:
</para>

<procedure>
<step><para>

  (it doesn't need the svgalib source to compile) from
  <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/~alex/svgalib_helper-1.9.17-mplayer.tar.bz2">here</ulink>.
  </para></step>
<step><para>
  Compile the module in the <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename>
  directory (it can be found inside the <filename class="directory">svgalib-1.9.17/kernel/</filename>
  directory if you've downloaded the source from the svgalib site) and insmod it.
  </para></step>
<step><para>
  Move the <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename> directory to
  <filename class="directory">mplayer/main/libdha/svgalib_helper</filename>.

<para>
The driver was written and is maintained by Alastair M. Robinson, who
offers the very latest driver versions for download from his
<ulink url="http://www.blackfiveservices.co.uk/EPIAVidix.shtml">homepage</ulink>.
The drivers are added to <application>MPlayer</application> with only a short
delay, so CVS should always be up to date.
</para>
</sect5>

<sect5 id="vidix-3dlabs">
<title>3DLabs cards</title>

</para></blockquote>

<para>I'll exclude DirectFB features from this section.</para>

<para>
Though <application>MPlayer</application> is not supported as a &quot;video
provider&quot; in DirectFB, this output driver will enable video playback through
DirectFB. It will - of course - be accelerated, on my Matrox G400 DirectFB's speed
was the same as XVideo.
</para>

<para>
Always try to use the newest version of DirectFB. You can use DirectFB options on
the command line, using the <option>-dfbopts</option> option. Layer selection can

<para><screen>./configure --enable-dvb</screen></para>

<para>If you have ost headers at a non-standard path, set the path with</para>

<para><screen>./configure --with-extraincdir=<replaceable>DVB source directory</replaceable>/ost/include
</screen></para>

<para>Then compile and install as usual.</para>

<formalpara>

parameters (hardware horizontal scaling and software vertical scaling
while keeping the right aspect ratio), use the new dvbscale filter:
</para>

<para><screen>
for  4:3 TV: -vf dvbscale,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1
for 16:9 TV: -vf dvbscale=1024,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1
</screen></para>

<formalpara>
<title>FUTURE</title>

<para>
First of all you will need properly installed DXR3/H+ drivers, version 0.12.0
or later. You can find the drivers and installation instructions at the
<ulink url="http://dxr3.sourceforge.net/">DXR3 &amp; Hollywood Plus for Linux</ulink>
site. <filename>configure</filename> should detect your card automatically,
compilation should go without problems.
</para>

<!-- FIXME: find a more clear presentation -->
<variablelist>
<title>USAGE</title>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-vo dxr3:prebuf:sync:norm=x:<replaceable>device</replaceable></option></term>
<listitem><para>
<option>overlay</option> activates the overlay instead of TVOut. It requires
that you have a properly configured overlay setup to work right. The easiest
way to configure the overlay is to first run autocal. Then run mplayer with
dxr3 output and without overlay turned on, run dxr3view. In dxr3view you can
tweak the overlay settings and see the effects in realtime, perhaps this feature
will be supported by the MPlayer GUI in the future. When overlay is properly set
up you will no longer need to use dxr3view.
<option>prebuf</option> turns on prebuffering. Prebuffering is a feature of the
em8300 chip that enables it to hold more than one frame of video at a time. This
means that when you are running with prebuffering MPlayer will try to keep the
video buffer filled with data at all times. If you are on a slow machine MPlayer
will probably use close to, or precisely 100% of CPU. This is especially common

<option>norm=x</option> will set the TV norm of the DXR3 card without the need
for external tools like em8300setup. Valid norms are 5 = NTSC, 4 = PAL-60,
3 = PAL. Special norms are 2 (auto-adjust using PAL/PAL-60) and 1 (auto-adjust
using PAL/NTSC) because they decide which norm to use by looking at the frame
rate of the movie. norm = 0 (default) does not change the current norm.
<option><replaceable>device</replaceable></option> = device number to use if you have more than one em8300
card.
Any of these options may be left out.
<option>:prebuf:sync</option> seems to work great when playing DivX movies. People
have reported problems using the prebuf option when playing MPEG1/2 files. You
might want to try running without any options first, if you have sync problems,

the moment lavc is both faster and gives better image quality, it is suggested
that you use that unless you have problems with it. See the man page for further
info about <option>-vf lavc/fame</option>.
Using lavc is highly recommended. Currently there is no way of setting the fps
of the em8300 which means that it is fixed to 29.97fps. Because of this it is
highly recommended that you use <option>-vf lavc=<replaceable>quality</replaceable>:25</option>
especially if you are using prebuffering. Then why 25 and not 29.97? Well, the
thing is that when you use 29.97 the picture becomes a bit jumpy. The reason for
this is unknown to us. If you set it to somewhere between 25 and 27 the picture
becomes stable. For now all we can do is accept this for a fact.
</para></listitem>

then you would issue the following command
<screen>mplayer -vo zr -zrcrop 720x320+80+0 benhur.avi</screen>
</para>

<para>
if you want to use the <option>crop</option> filter, you would do
<screen>mplayer -vo zr -vf crop=720:320:80:0 benhur.avi</screen>
</para>

<para>
Extra occurances of <option>-zrcrop</option> invoke <emphasis>cinerama</emphasis>

participating in <emphasis>cinerama</emphasis> is four, so you can build a
2x2 vidiwall.
</para>

<para>
Finally an important remark: Do not start or stop XawTV on the playback device
during playback, it will crash your computer. It is, however, fine to
<emphasis role="bold">FIRST</emphasis> start XawTV, <emphasis role="bold">THEN</emphasis>
start MPlayer, wait for MPlayer to finish and <emphasis role="bold">THEN</emphasis>
stop XawTV.
</para>

    using the 3D engine to zoom, and the YUV framebuffer to display the
    zoomed image. If you really want to use X, use the <option>-vo x11 -fs
    -zoom</option> options, but it will be <emphasis role="bold">SLOW</emphasis>,
    and has <emphasis role="bold">Macrovision</emphasis> copy protection enabled
    (you can "workaround" Macrovision using this
    <ulink url="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/mgamacro.pl">perl script</ulink>).
    </para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
  <term>Framebuffer</term>
  <listitem><para>

      </para></step>
    <step><para>
      Next, EDIT and run the <filename>./matroxtv</filename> script. This will
      present you to a very simple menu. Press <keycap>2</keycap> and
      <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Now you should have the same picture on your
      monitor, and TV. If the TV (PAL by default)
      picture has some weird stripes on it, the script wasn't able to set the
      resolution correctly (to 640x512 by default). Try other resolutions
      from the menu and/or experiment with fbset.
      </para></step>
    <step><para>

Check <ulink url="http://www.iki.fi/too/tvout-voodoo3-3000-xfree">this URL</ulink>.
</para>
</sect4>

<sect4 id="tvout-nvidia">
<title>nVidia</title>
<para>
First, you MUST download the closed-source drivers from <ulink url="http://nvidia.com"/>.
I will not describe the installation and configuration process because it does not cover
the scope of this documentation.
</para>