Mercurial > mplayer.hg
diff DOCS/Polish/formats.html @ 3523:dadab20dc2b4
began updated translation by <nell@skrzynka.pl> (work-in-progress)
| author | gabucino |
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| date | Sun, 16 Dec 2001 11:51:02 +0000 |
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| children | ed33540a982b |
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--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/DOCS/Polish/formats.html Sun Dec 16 11:51:02 2001 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ +<HTML> +<BODY BGCOLOR=WHITE> + +<FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1>2.1. Supported formats</A></B></P> + +<P><B>MPlayer</B> can read/play from the following devices/formats:<BR> +<UL> +<LI> <A HREF="#2.1.1.1">VCD</A> (Video CD) directly from CD-ROM or from CDRwin's .bin image file +<LI> <A HREF="#2.1.1.1">DVD</A>, directly from your DVD disk, using libdvdread for decryption +<LI> <A HREF="#2.1.1.1">MPEG 1/2</A> System Stream (PS/PES/VOB) and Elementary Stream (ES) file + formats +<LI> <A HREF="#2.1.1.2">RIFF AVI</A> file format +<LI> <A HREF="#2.1.1.3">ASF/WMV</A> 1.0 file format +<LI> <A HREF="#2.1.1.4">QT/MOV</A> file format with (un)compressed headers +<LI> <A HREF="#2.1.1.5">VIVO</A> format (.viv files) +<LI> supports <A HREF="documentation.html#3.3">reading from stdin</A>, or network via HTTP +</UL></P> + +<P>Note: about realmedia (.ra/.rm) support read the FAQ!</P> + +<P>It's important to clarify a popular mistake. When people see a file with +<B>.AVI</B> extension, they instantly declare that isn't an MPEG file. +That's not true. At least not entirely. If you tell them that such a file +can contain MPEG1 video, they laugh at you. Feel free to kick their dumbass +faces, then tell them to RTFM.</P> + +<P>You see, a <B>codec</B> isn't equal to a <B>file format</B>.<BR> +Video <B>codecs</B> are: MPEG1, MPEG2, DivX, Indeo5, 3ivx.<BR> +Video <B>formats</B> are: MPG, AVI, ASF.<BR> +</P> + +<P>In theory, you can happily put an OpenDivX video and MP3 audio +into a <B>.MPG</B> format file. Though most players won't play it, since +they expect MPEG1 video and MP2 audio (<B>.MPG</B> doesn't have the +necessary fields to describe its video and audio streams, like <B>.AVI</B> +does). Or put MPEG1 video to an .AVI. For example <A HREF="http://ffmpeg.sourceforge.net">ffmpeg</A> can +create these files.</P> + +<P>Audio <B>codecs</B> and <B>formats</B> are basically the same terms.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1>2.1.1. Video formats</A></B></P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.1>2.1.1.1. MPEG files</A></B></P> + +<P> +<LI>MPG : this is the most <B>basic</B> form of MPEG file formats. Contains +MPEG1 video, and MP2 (MPEG-1 layer 2) audio, or rarely MP1.</LI> +<LI>DAT : this is the very same format as MPG, just different extension. Used +on <B>Video CD</B>s. Due to the nature VCDs are created and Linux is designed, +the DAT files can't be played nor copied from VCDs. You have to use the +<CODE>-vcd</CODE> option to play the VideoCD.</LI> +<LI>VOB : this is the MPEG file format on <B>DVD</B>s. The same as MPG, plus +capability to contain subtitles, or non-MPEG (AC3) audio. Contains encoded MPEG2 +video, and usually AC3 audio, but MP2 is allowed too.<BR> +<B>Read the <A HREF="cd-dvd.html#4.2">DVD section</A> !</B></LI> +</P> + +<P>In MPEG files, series of frames are grouped together, and are independent +from the other groups. What this means is you can cut/join an MPEG file with +standard file-tools (like dd, cut), and it remains completely functional.</P> + +<P>One important feature for MPGs is that they have a field to describe +the aspect ratio of the video stream within. For example SVCDs have +480x480 resolution video, and in the header that field is set to 4:3, so +it's played at 640x480. AVI files don't have this field, so one has to +rescale it during encoding.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.2>2.1.1.2. AVI files</A></B></P> + +<P>Designed by Micro$oft, the <B>AVI (Audio Video Interleaved)</B> is a +widespread multipurpose format, currently used mostly for DivX and DivX4 +videos. Has many known drawbacks, and inabilities (for example in streaming). +Has support for one video stream, and 99 audio streams. Can be as big as +2Gb. There exists an extension for it to be bigger, called <B>OpenDMS</B>. +M$ currently strongly discourages its use and propagates ASF/WMV. Not if +anybody cares.<BR> +<B>NOTE</B> : DV cameras can create two types of AVI format, one is the usual and +playable, the other is neither.</P> + +<P>There are two kinds of AVI files: +<UL> + <LI><B>Interleaved</B> : audio and video content is interleaved. This is the + standard usage. Recommended and mostly used. Some tools create interleaved + AVIs with bad sync. <B>MPlayer</B> detects these as interleaved, and this + climaxes in loss of A/V sync, probably at seeking. These files should be + played as non-interleaved (with the <CODE>-ni</CODE> option).</LI> + <LI><B>Non-interleaved</B> : bad. First come the whole video stream, then the whole + audio stream, thus needs a lot of seeking. It's very bad when playing from + network or CDROM.</LI> +</UL> +</P> + +<P>MPlayer supports 2 kind of timing for AVI files: +<UL> + <LI><B>bps-based</B> : it is based on bitrate/samplerate of video/audio stream. This + method is used by most players, including avifile and windows media player. + Files with broken headers, and files created with VBR audio but not + VBR-compliant encoder will result in A/V desync with this method (mostly at + seeking).</LI> + <LI><B>interleaving-based</B> : it doesn't use bitrate value of the header, instead + it uses the relative position of interleaved audio and video chunks. Makes + some badly encoded file with VBR audio playable.</LI> +</UL> +</P> + +<P>Any audio and video codec is allowed, but note that VBR audio isn't well +supported by most of the players. The file format makes it possible to use VBR +audio, but most players expect CBR audio, thus they fail with VBR. VBR is +unusual, and Microsoft's AVI specs only describe CBR audio. I also note, that +most AVI encoders/multiplexers create bad files if using VBR audio. Only 2 +exception (known by me): NaNDub and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A>.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.3>2.1.1.3. ASF/WMV files</A></B></P> + +<P>ASF (active streaming format) comes from Microsoft. They developed two +variants of ASF, v1.0 and v2.0. v1.0 is used by their media tools (windows +media player and windows media encoder) and is very secret. v2.0 is published +and patented :). Of course they differ, there is no compatibility at all (it's +just another legal game). <B>MPlayer</B> supports only v1.0, as nobody has ever seen +v2.0 files :) . Note, that .ASF files nowdays come with the extension .WMA or +.WMV.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.4>2.1.1.4. QuickTime/MOV files</A></B></P> + +<P>These are from Macintosh. Usually have extensions of .QT or .MOV . Note +that since the MPEG4 Group chose QuickTime as the recommended file format +for MPEG4, their .MOV files come with .MPG or .MP4 extension (interesting +that in these files the video stream is a real .MPG file. With the +<CODE>-dumpvideo</CODE> option you can even extract it.).</P> + +<P><B>Codecs</B>: any codecs allowed, both CBR and VBR. Note: most new mov files use +<B>Sorenson</B> video and QDesign Music audio. These formats are completely +secret, and only Apple's quicktime player is able to play these files (on +win/mac only).</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.5>2.1.1.5. VIV files</A></B></P> + +<P><B>MPlayer</B> happily demuxes VIVO file formats. The format's big +disadvantage is that it has no index block, nor fixed packetsize or sync bytes, +and most files lack even keyframes, so forget seeking!</P> + +<P>VIVO/1.0 files' video codec is standard <B>h.263</B> . The VIVO/2.0 files' +video codec is a modified, nonstandard <B>h.263</B> . Audio is the same, +it may be <B>g.723</B> (standard), or <B>Vivo Siren</B> .</P> + +<P>See the <A HREF=codecs.html#2.2.1.4>VIVO video codec</A> +and <A HREF=codecs.html#2.2.2.4>VIVO audio codec</A> sections for installation +instructions.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.2>2.1.2. Audio formats</A></B></P> + +<P>Currently <B>MPlayer</B> is still a <B>Movie</B> and not a <B>Media</B> +player, thus the pure audio formats (for example MP3, WAV, audio ASF) are +unplayable. Use <A HREF="http://www.xmms.org">xmms</A>, <A HREF="http://www.mpg123.de">mpg123</A> +or whatever.</P> + +</BODY> +</HTML>