# HG changeset patch # User jonas # Date 1035732993 0 # Node ID b75cf70d2a7c1eddc39b32cc32da7d9e07e1d9d7 # Parent ebe28de81548db64e63c71a2c00bcd1afe689528 DVD authentication, VCD/DVD structure, more... diff -r ebe28de81548 -r b75cf70d2a7c DOCS/cd-dvd.html --- a/DOCS/cd-dvd.html Sun Oct 27 10:43:38 2002 +0000 +++ b/DOCS/cd-dvd.html Sun Oct 27 15:36:33 2002 +0000 @@ -60,54 +60,173 @@

4.2 DVD playback

For the complete list of available options, please read the man page.

+ +

New-style DVD support (mpdvdkit2)

MPlayer uses libdvdread and libdvdcss for DVD decryption and playback. These two libraries are contained in the libmpdvdkit2/ subdirectory of the MPlayer source tree, you do not have to install them separately. We opted for this solution because - we had to fix a libdvdread bug, and apply a patch which adds - cracked CSS keys caching support to libdvdcss. This results in a large - speed increase because the keys do not have to be cracked every time before - playing. The cracked keys are stored in the - ~/.mplayer/DVDKeys directory.

+ we had to fix a libdvdread bug, and apply a patch which adds cracked CSS + keys caching support to libdvdcss. This results in a large speed increase + because the keys do not have to be cracked every time before playing.

MPlayer can also use system-wide libdvdread and libdvdcss libraries, but this solution is not recommended, as it can result in bugs, library incompatibilities, and slower speed.

Support for DVD navigation via dvdnav is being worked on, but - not finished yet.

DVD Navigation support (dvdnav)

+ +

Support for DVD navigation via dvdnav was being worked on, but + it was never finished properly and is therefore not recommended.

Old-style DVD support - OPTIONAL

Useful if you want to play encoded VOBs from hard disk. Compile and +

Useful if you want to play encoded VOBs from hard disk. Compile and install libcss 0.0.1 (not newer) for this (If MPlayer fails to - detect it, use the -csslib /path/to/libcss.so option).

+ detect it, use the -csslib /path/to/libcss.so option). You need + to be root or use a suid root binary to use it.

+ +

DVD structure

+ +

DVD disks use all 2048 b/s sectors with ecc/crc. They usually have an UDF +filesystem on a single track, containing various files (small .IFO and .BUK +files and big (1GB) .VOB files). They are real files and can be copied/played +from a mounted file system of an unencrypted DVD.

+ +

The .IFO files contain the movie navigation informations (chapter/title/angle +map, language table, etc) and is needed to read and interpret the .VOB content +(movie). The .BUK files are backups of them. They use sectors everywhere, +so you need to use raw addressing of sectors of the disc to implement DVD +navigation. It's also needed to decrypt the content.

+ +

The whole old-style DVD support with libcss needs therefore a mounted DVD +filesystem and a raw sector-based access to the device. Unfortunately you must +be root (under Linux) to get the sector address of a file. You got two choices:

+ +

Force the user to be root or use a suid root mplayer binary like + fibmap_mplayer which does the dvd access for the old-style DVD playback + over libcss.
Don't use the kernel's filesystem driver at all and re-implement it in + userspace. libdvdread 0.9.x and libmpdvdkit does this (New-style DVD + support). The kernel udf filesystem drivers isn't needed as they already + have their own, built-in udf fs driver. Also the dvd, doesn't needs to be + mounted as only the raw sector-based access is used.

+ +

Sometimes /dev/dvd can't be read by users, so the libdvdread authors +implemented an emulation layer which transfers sector addresses to +filenames+offsets, to emulate raw access on the top of a mounted filesystem +or even on a hard disk.

+ +

libdvdread even accepts the mountpoint instead of the device name for raw +access and checks in /proc/mounts to get the device name. It was +developed for Solaris, where device names are dynamically allocated.

+ +

The default DVD device is /dev/dvd. If your setup differs, +make a symlink, or specify the correct device on the command line with the +-dvd-device option.

+ +

DVD authentication

For the complete list of available options, please read the man page.

The authentication and decryption method of the new-style DVD support is done + using a patched libdvdcss (see above). The method can be specified over the + environment variable DVDCSS_METHOD which can be set to + key, disk or title.

+ +

If nothing is specified it tries the following methods + (default: key, title request):

+ +

bus key: This key is negotiated during authentication (a long mix + of ioctls and various key exchanges, crypto stuff) and is used to encrypt + the title and disk keys before sending them over the unprotected bus + (to prevent eavesdropping). The bus key is needed to get and predecrypt the + crypted disk key. +
cached key: MPlayer looks for eventually already cracked + title keys which are stored in the ~/.mplayer/DVDKeys directory + (fast ;).
key: If no cached key is available, MPlayer tries to + decrypt the disk key with a set of included player keys. +
disk: If the key method fails (e.g. no included player keys), + MPlayer will crack the disk key using a brute force algorithm. + This process is CPU intensive and requires 64 MB of memory (16M 32bit + entries hash table) to store temporary data. This method should always + work (slow).
title request:With the disk key MPlayer requests the crypted title + keys, which are inside hidden sectors using ioctl(). + The region protection of RPC-2 drives is performed in this step and may + fail on such drives. If it succeeds, the title keys will be decrypted with + the bus and disk key. +
title: This method is used if the title request failed and does + not rely on any key exchange with the DVD drive. It uses a crypto attack to + guess the title key directly (by finding a repeating pattern in the + decrypted VOB content and guessing that that the plain text for first + encrypted bytes are a continuation of that pattern). + The method is also known as "known plaintext attack" or "DeCSSPlus". + In rare cases this may fail because there is not enough encrypted data on + the disk to perform a statistical attack or because the key changes in the + middle of a title. On the other hand it is the only way to decrypt a DVD + stored on a hard disk or a DVD with the wrong region on an RPC2 drive + (slow).

+ +

RPC-1 DVD drives only protect region settings over software DVD players. + RPC-2 drives have a hardware protection that allows 5 changes only. It might + be needed/recommended to upgrade the firmware to RPC-1 if you have a RPC-2 DVD + drive. Firmware upgrades can be found + here. If there is + no firmware upgrade available for your device, use the + regionset + tool to set the region code of your DVD-drive (under Linux). + Warning: You can only set the region 5 times.

4.3 VCD playback

Playing standard Video CDs:

- -

mplayer -vcd <track> [-cdrom-device device]

For the complete list of available options, please read the man page. +The Syntax for a standard Video CD (VCD) is as followed: +mplayer -vcd <track> [-cdrom-device <device>].
+Example: mplayer -vcd 2 -cdrom-device /dev/hdc

Examples:
- mplayer -vcd 1 - mplayer -fs -vcd 2 -cdrom-device /dev/hdc

VCD structure

-Notes: +

VCD disks consists of 2 or more track:

Do not mount VCDs to play the DAT files directly! It may work - under Windows but will not under Linux. You have to play VCDs with the - -vcd option.
VCD disks usually have 2 tracks: a data track (containing autostart - Windows playback program, karaoke data etc) and a mode-2 track (the movie). - So try -vcd 2 first.
The default VCD device is /dev/cdrom. If your setup differs, - make a symlink, or specify the correct device on the command line with the - -cdrom-device option.
The first track is a few MB 2048 bytes/sector data track, with an iso9660 + filesystem, usualy containing win32 VCD player programs and maybe other infos + (jpegs, text, etc).
The second and other tracks are raw 2324 bytes/sector mpeg tracks, without + any filesystem but raw mpeg ps data, one packet per sector. they contain the + movie(s)... The tracks can't be mounted! It is similar to audio + tracks (e.g. You never mounted an audio cd to play it, or did you? No). + As most movies are inside track too, you should try -vcd 2 + first.
There exist VCD disks without the first track too (single track and no + filesystems at all). They are still playable, but can't be mounted.

About .DAT files:

+ +

The ~600 MB file visible on the first track of the mounted vcd isn't a real +track! It's a so called iso gateway, created to allow Windows to handle such +tracks (Windows doesn't allow raw device access to applications at all). +Under linux, you cannot copy or play such files (they contain garbage). +Under Windows it is possible as its iso9660 driver emulates the raw reading of +tracks in this file. +To play a .DAT file you need a kernel driver which can be found on a powerdvd +Linux version. It is a modified iso9660 fs driver, which is able to emulate the +raw tracks through this shadow .DAT file. If you mount the disc using their +driver, you can copy and even play .DAT files with mplayer. But it won't +work with the standard iso9660 driver of the kernel! It is recommended to +use the -vcd option instead.

+ +

The default VCD device is /dev/cdrom. If your setup differs, +make a symlink, or specify the correct device on the command line with the +-cdrom-device option.