annotate ABOUT-NLS @ 961:9189916471f5

[gaim-migrate @ 971] And the fun begins... committer: Tailor Script <tailor@pidgin.im>
author Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
date Tue, 10 Oct 2000 03:36:11 +0000
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1 Notes on the Free Translation Project
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2 *************************************
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3
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4 Free software is going international! The Free Translation Project
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5 is a way to get maintainers of free software, translators, and users all
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6 together, so that will gradually become able to speak many languages.
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7 A few packages already provide translations for their messages.
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8
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9 If you found this `ABOUT-NLS' file inside a distribution, you may
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10 assume that the distributed package does use GNU `gettext' internally,
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11 itself available at your nearest GNU archive site. But you do *not*
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12 need to install GNU `gettext' prior to configuring, installing or using
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13 this package with messages translated.
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14
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15 Installers will find here some useful hints. These notes also
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16 explain how users should proceed for getting the programs to use the
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17 available translations. They tell how people wanting to contribute and
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18 work at translations should contact the appropriate team.
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19
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20 When reporting bugs in the `intl/' directory or bugs which may be
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21 related to internationalization, you should tell about the version of
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22 `gettext' which is used. The information can be found in the
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23 `intl/VERSION' file, in internationalized packages.
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24
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25 One advise in advance
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26 =====================
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27
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28 If you want to exploit the full power of internationalization, you
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29 should configure it using
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30
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31 ./configure --with-included-gettext
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32
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33 to force usage of internationalizing routines provided within this
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34 package, despite the existence of internationalizing capabilities in the
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35 operating system where this package is being installed. So far, only
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36 the `gettext' implementation in the GNU C library version 2 provides as
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37 many features (such as locale alias or message inheritance) as the
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38 implementation here. It is also not possible to offer this additional
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39 functionality on top of a `catgets' implementation. Future versions of
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40 GNU `gettext' will very likely convey even more functionality. So it
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41 might be a good idea to change to GNU `gettext' as soon as possible.
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42
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43 So you need not provide this option if you are using GNU libc 2 or
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44 you have installed a recent copy of the GNU gettext package with the
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45 included `libintl'.
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46
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47 INSTALL Matters
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48 ===============
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49
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50 Some packages are "localizable" when properly installed; the
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51 programs they contain can be made to speak your own native language.
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52 Most such packages use GNU `gettext'. Other packages have their own
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53 ways to internationalization, predating GNU `gettext'.
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54
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55 By default, this package will be installed to allow translation of
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56 messages. It will automatically detect whether the system provides
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57 usable `catgets' (if using this is selected by the installer) or
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58 `gettext' functions. If neither is available, the GNU `gettext' own
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59 library will be used. This library is wholly contained within this
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60 package, usually in the `intl/' subdirectory, so prior installation of
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61 the GNU `gettext' package is *not* required. Installers may use
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62 special options at configuration time for changing the default
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63 behaviour. The commands:
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64
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65 ./configure --with-included-gettext
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66 ./configure --with-catgets
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67 ./configure --disable-nls
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68
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69 will respectively bypass any pre-existing `catgets' or `gettext' to use
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70 the internationalizing routines provided within this package, enable
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71 the use of the `catgets' functions (if found on the locale system), or
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72 else, *totally* disable translation of messages.
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73
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74 When you already have GNU `gettext' installed on your system and run
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75 configure without an option for your new package, `configure' will
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76 probably detect the previously built and installed `libintl.a' file and
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77 will decide to use this. This might be not what is desirable. You
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78 should use the more recent version of the GNU `gettext' library. I.e.
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79 if the file `intl/VERSION' shows that the library which comes with this
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80 package is more recent, you should use
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81
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82 ./configure --with-included-gettext
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83
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84 to prevent auto-detection.
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85
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86 By default the configuration process will not test for the `catgets'
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87 function and therefore they will not be used. The reasons are already
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88 given above: the emulation on top of `catgets' cannot provide all the
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89 extensions provided by the GNU `gettext' library. If you nevertheless
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90 want to use the `catgets' functions use
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91
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92 ./configure --with-catgets
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93
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94 to enable the test for `catgets' (this causes no harm if `catgets' is
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95 not available on your system). If you really select this option we
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96 would like to hear about the reasons because we cannot think of any
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97 good one ourself.
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98
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99 Internationalized packages have usually many `po/LL.po' files, where
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100 LL gives an ISO 639 two-letter code identifying the language. Unless
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101 translations have been forbidden at `configure' time by using the
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102 `--disable-nls' switch, all available translations are installed
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103 together with the package. However, the environment variable `LINGUAS'
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104 may be set, prior to configuration, to limit the installed set.
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105 `LINGUAS' should then contain a space separated list of two-letter
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106 codes, stating which languages are allowed.
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107
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108 Using This Package
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109 ==================
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110
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111 As a user, if your language has been installed for this package, you
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112 only have to set the `LANG' environment variable to the appropriate
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113 ISO 639 `LL' two-letter code prior to using the programs in the
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114 package. For example, let's suppose that you speak German. At the
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115 shell prompt, merely execute `setenv LANG de' (in `csh'),
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116 `export LANG; LANG=de' (in `sh') or `export LANG=de' (in `bash'). This
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117 can be done from your `.login' or `.profile' file, once and for all.
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118
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119 An operating system might already offer message localization for
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120 many of its programs, while other programs have been installed locally
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121 with the full capabilities of GNU `gettext'. Just using `gettext'
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122 extended syntax for `LANG' would break proper localization of already
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123 available operating system programs. In this case, users should set
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124 both `LANGUAGE' and `LANG' variables in their environment, as programs
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125 using GNU `gettext' give preference to `LANGUAGE'. For example, some
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126 Swedish users would rather read translations in German than English for
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127 when Swedish is not available. This is easily accomplished by setting
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128 `LANGUAGE' to `sv:de' while leaving `LANG' to `sv'.
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129
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130 Translating Teams
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131 =================
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132
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133 For the Free Translation Project to be a success, we need interested
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134 people who like their own language and write it well, and who are also
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135 able to synergize with other translators speaking the same language.
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136 Each translation team has its own mailing list, courtesy of Linux
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137 International. You may reach your translation team at the address
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138 `LL@li.org', replacing LL by the two-letter ISO 639 code for your
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139 language. Language codes are *not* the same as the country codes given
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140 in ISO 3166. The following translation teams exist, as of December
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141 1997:
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142
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143 Chinese `zh', Czech `cs', Danish `da', Dutch `nl', English `en',
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144 Esperanto `eo', Finnish `fi', French `fr', German `de', Hungarian
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145 `hu', Irish `ga', Italian `it', Indonesian `id', Japanese `ja',
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146 Korean `ko', Latin `la', Norwegian `no', Persian `fa', Polish
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147 `pl', Portuguese `pt', Russian `ru', Slovenian `sl', Spanish `es',
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148 Swedish `sv', and Turkish `tr'.
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149
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150 For example, you may reach the Chinese translation team by writing to
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151 `zh@li.org'.
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152
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153 If you'd like to volunteer to *work* at translating messages, you
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154 should become a member of the translating team for your own language.
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155 The subscribing address is *not* the same as the list itself, it has
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156 `-request' appended. For example, speakers of Swedish can send a
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157 message to `sv-request@li.org', having this message body:
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158
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159 subscribe
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160
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161 Keep in mind that team members are expected to participate
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162 *actively* in translations, or at solving translational difficulties,
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163 rather than merely lurking around. If your team does not exist yet and
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164 you want to start one, or if you are unsure about what to do or how to
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165 get started, please write to `translation@iro.umontreal.ca' to reach the
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166 coordinator for all translator teams.
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167
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168 The English team is special. It works at improving and uniformizing
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169 the terminology in use. Proven linguistic skill are praised more than
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170 programming skill, here.
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171
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172 Available Packages
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173 ==================
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174
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175 Languages are not equally supported in all packages. The following
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176 matrix shows the current state of internationalization, as of December
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177 1997. The matrix shows, in regard of each package, for which languages
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178 PO files have been submitted to translation coordination.
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179
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180 Ready PO files cs da de en es fi fr it ja ko nl no pl pt ru sl sv
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181 .----------------------------------------------------.
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182 bash | [] [] [] | 3
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183 bison | [] [] [] | 3
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184 clisp | [] [] [] [] | 4
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185 cpio | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 6
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186 diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 5
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187 enscript | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 6
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188 fileutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 10
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189 findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 9
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190 flex | [] [] [] [] | 4
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191 gcal | [] [] [] [] [] | 5
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192 gettext | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 12
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193 grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 10
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194 hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 11
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195 id-utils | [] [] [] | 3
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196 indent | [] [] [] [] [] | 5
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197 libc | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 7
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198 m4 | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 6
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199 make | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 6
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200 music | [] [] | 2
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201 ptx | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 8
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202 recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 9
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203 sh-utils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 8
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204 sharutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 6
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205 tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 11
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206 texinfo | [] [] [] | 3
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207 textutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 9
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208 wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 8
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209 `----------------------------------------------------'
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210 17 languages cs da de en es fi fr it ja ko nl no pl pt ru sl sv
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211 27 packages 6 4 25 1 18 1 26 2 1 12 20 9 19 7 4 7 17 179
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212
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213 Some counters in the preceding matrix are higher than the number of
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214 visible blocks let us expect. This is because a few extra PO files are
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215 used for implementing regional variants of languages, or language
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216 dialects.
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217
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218 For a PO file in the matrix above to be effective, the package to
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219 which it applies should also have been internationalized and
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220 distributed as such by its maintainer. There might be an observable
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221 lag between the mere existence a PO file and its wide availability in a
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222 distribution.
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223
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224 If December 1997 seems to be old, you may fetch a more recent copy
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225 of this `ABOUT-NLS' file on most GNU archive sites.
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226