annotate libpurple/nat-pmp.c @ 31823:6f3df8fc3037

Remove checks for NEWS. We're not using this file anymore. Most people don't read it. If there is NEWS that we want to provide to people then we are better off posting it on the web site (although we might want to come up with a better "news" section)

/**
 * @file nat-pmp.c NAT-PMP Implementation
 * @ingroup core
 */

/* purple
 *
 * Purple is the legal property of its developers, whose names are too numerous
 * to list here.  Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this
 * source distribution.
 *
 * Most code in nat-pmp.c copyright (C) 2007, R. Tyler Ballance, bleep, LLC.
 * This file is distributed under the 3-clause (modified) BSD license:
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
 * provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
 * the following disclaimer.
 * Neither the name of the bleep. LLC nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote
 * products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
 * PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
 * OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include "internal.h"
#include "nat-pmp.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "signals.h"
#include "network.h"

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
#include <sys/param.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SYSCTL_H
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif

/* We will need sysctl() and NET_RT_DUMP, both of which are not present
 * on all platforms, to continue. */
#if defined(HAVE_SYS_SYSCTL_H) && defined(NET_RT_DUMP)

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <net/route.h>

#define PMP_DEBUG	1

typedef struct {
	guint8	version;
	guint8 opcode;
} PurplePmpIpRequest;

typedef struct {
	guint8		version;
	guint8		opcode; /* 128 + n */
	guint16		resultcode;
	guint32		epoch;
	guint32		address;
} PurplePmpIpResponse;

typedef struct {
	guint8		version;
	guint8		opcode;
	char		reserved[2];
	guint16		privateport;
	guint16		publicport;
	guint32		lifetime;
} PurplePmpMapRequest;

struct _PurplePmpMapResponse {
	guint8		version;
	guint8		opcode;
	guint16		resultcode;
	guint32		epoch;
	guint16		privateport;
	guint16		publicport;
	guint32		lifetime;
};

typedef struct _PurplePmpMapResponse PurplePmpMapResponse;

typedef enum {
	PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNDISCOVERED = -1,
	PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNABLE_TO_DISCOVER,
	PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_DISCOVERING,
	PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_DISCOVERED
} PurpleUPnPStatus;

typedef struct {
	PurpleUPnPStatus status;
	gchar *publicip;
} PurplePmpInfo;

static PurplePmpInfo pmp_info = {PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNDISCOVERED, NULL};

/*
 *	Thanks to R. Matthew Emerson for the fixes on this
 */

#define PMP_MAP_OPCODE_UDP	1
#define PMP_MAP_OPCODE_TCP	2

#define PMP_VERSION			0
#define PMP_PORT			5351
#define PMP_TIMEOUT			250000	/* 250000 useconds */

/* alignment constraint for routing socket */
#define ROUNDUP(a)			((a) > 0 ? (1 + (((a) - 1) | (sizeof(long) - 1))) : sizeof(long))
#define ADVANCE(x, n)		(x += ROUNDUP((n)->sa_len))

static void
get_rtaddrs(int bitmask, struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr *addrs[])
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++)
	{
		if (bitmask & (1 << i))
		{
			addrs[i] = sa;
#ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN
			sa = (struct sockaddr *)(ROUNDUP(sa->sa_len) + (char *)sa);
#else
			if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
				sa = (struct sockaddr*)(sizeof(struct sockaddr_in) + (char *)sa);
#ifdef AF_INET6
			else if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET6)
				sa = (struct sockaddr*)(sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) + (char *)sa);
#endif
#endif
		}
		else
		{
			addrs[i] = NULL;
		}
	}
}

static int
is_default_route(struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr *mask)
{
    struct sockaddr_in *sin;

    if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
		return 0;

    sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
    if ((sin->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) &&
		mask &&
		(ntohl(((struct sockaddr_in *)mask)->sin_addr.s_addr) == 0L ||
#ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN
		 mask->sa_len == 0
#else
		0
#endif
		))
		return 1;
    else
		return 0;
}

/*!
 * The return sockaddr_in must be g_free()'d when no longer needed
 */
static struct sockaddr_in *
default_gw()
{
	int mib[6];
	size_t needed;
	char *buf, *next, *lim;
	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
	struct sockaddr *sa;
	struct sockaddr_in *sin = NULL;

	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE; /* entire routing table or a subset of it */
	mib[2] = 0; /* protocol number - always 0 */
	mib[3] = 0; /* address family - 0 for all addres families */
	mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
	mib[5] = 0;

	/* Determine the buffer side needed to get the full routing table */
	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
	{
		purple_debug_warning("nat-pmp", "sysctl: net.route.0.0.dump estimate\n");
		return NULL;
	}

	if (!(buf = malloc(needed)))
	{
		purple_debug_warning("nat-pmp", "Failed to malloc %" G_GSIZE_FORMAT "\n", needed);
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Read the routing table into buf */
	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
	{
		free(buf);
		purple_debug_warning("nat-pmp", "sysctl: net.route.0.0.dump\n");
		return NULL;
	}

	lim = buf + needed;

	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen)
	{
		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
		sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);

		if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
		{
			struct sockaddr_in *cursin = (struct sockaddr_in*) sa;

			if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY)
			    && cursin->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY)
			{
				/* We found the default route. Now get the destination address and netmask. */
				struct sockaddr *rti_info[RTAX_MAX];
				struct sockaddr addr, mask;

				get_rtaddrs(rtm->rtm_addrs, sa, rti_info);
				memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));

				if (rtm->rtm_addrs & RTA_DST)
					memcpy(&addr, rti_info[RTAX_DST], sizeof(addr));

				memset(&mask, 0, sizeof(mask));

				if (rtm->rtm_addrs & RTA_NETMASK)
					memcpy(&mask, rti_info[RTAX_NETMASK], sizeof(mask));

				if (rtm->rtm_addrs & RTA_GATEWAY &&
					is_default_route(&addr, &mask))
				{
					if (rti_info[RTAX_GATEWAY]) {
						struct sockaddr_in *rti_sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)rti_info[RTAX_GATEWAY];
						sin = g_new0(struct sockaddr_in, 1);
						sin->sin_family = rti_sin->sin_family;
						sin->sin_port = rti_sin->sin_port;
						sin->sin_addr.s_addr = rti_sin->sin_addr.s_addr;
						memcpy(sin, rti_info[RTAX_GATEWAY], sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));

						purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "Found a default gateway\n");
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	free(buf);
	return sin;
}

/*!
 *	purple_pmp_get_public_ip() will return the publicly facing IP address of the
 *	default NAT gateway. The function will return NULL if:
 *		- The gateway doesn't support NAT-PMP
 *		- The gateway errors in some other spectacular fashion
 */
char *
purple_pmp_get_public_ip()
{
	struct sockaddr_in addr, *gateway, *publicsockaddr = NULL;
	struct timeval req_timeout;
	socklen_t len;

	PurplePmpIpRequest req;
	PurplePmpIpResponse resp;
	int sendfd;

	if (pmp_info.status == PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNABLE_TO_DISCOVER)
		return NULL;

	if ((pmp_info.status == PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_DISCOVERED) && (pmp_info.publicip != NULL))
	{
#ifdef PMP_DEBUG
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "Returning cached publicip %s\n",pmp_info.publicip);
#endif
		return pmp_info.publicip;
	}

	gateway = default_gw();

	if (!gateway)
	{
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "Cannot request public IP from a NULL gateway!\n");
		/* If we get a NULL gateway, don't try again next time */
		pmp_info.status = PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNABLE_TO_DISCOVER;
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Default port for NAT-PMP is 5351 */
	if (gateway->sin_port != PMP_PORT)
		gateway->sin_port = htons(PMP_PORT);

	req_timeout.tv_sec = 0;
	req_timeout.tv_usec = PMP_TIMEOUT;

	sendfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);

	/* Clean out both req and resp structures */
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(PurplePmpIpRequest));
	memset(&resp, 0, sizeof(PurplePmpIpResponse));
	req.version = 0;
	req.opcode = 0;

	/* The NAT-PMP spec says we should attempt to contact the gateway 9 times, doubling the time we wait each time.
	 * Even starting with a timeout of 0.1 seconds, that means that we have a total waiting of 204.6 seconds.
	 * With the recommended timeout of 0.25 seconds, we're talking 511.5 seconds (8.5 minutes).
	 *
	 * This seems really silly... if this were nonblocking, a couple retries might be in order, but it's not at present.
	 */
#ifdef PMP_DEBUG
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "Attempting to retrieve the public ip address for the NAT device at: %s\n", inet_ntoa(gateway->sin_addr));
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "\tTimeout: %ds %dus\n", req_timeout.tv_sec, req_timeout.tv_usec);
#endif

	/* TODO: Non-blocking! */

	if (sendto(sendfd, &req, sizeof(req), 0, (struct sockaddr *)(gateway), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0)
	{
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "There was an error sending the NAT-PMP public IP request! (%s)\n", g_strerror(errno));
		g_free(gateway);
		pmp_info.status = PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNABLE_TO_DISCOVER;
		return NULL;
	}

	if (setsockopt(sendfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &req_timeout, sizeof(req_timeout)) < 0)
	{
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "There was an error setting the socket's options! (%s)\n", g_strerror(errno));
		g_free(gateway);
		pmp_info.status = PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNABLE_TO_DISCOVER;
		return NULL;
	}

	/* TODO: Non-blocking! */
	len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
	if (recvfrom(sendfd, &resp, sizeof(PurplePmpIpResponse), 0, (struct sockaddr *)(&addr), &len) < 0)
	{
		if (errno != EAGAIN)
		{
			purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "There was an error receiving the response from the NAT-PMP device! (%s)\n", g_strerror(errno));
			g_free(gateway);
			pmp_info.status = PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNABLE_TO_DISCOVER;
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	if (addr.sin_addr.s_addr == gateway->sin_addr.s_addr)
		publicsockaddr = &addr;
	else
	{
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "Response was not received from our gateway! Instead from: %s\n", inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr));
		g_free(gateway);

		pmp_info.status = PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNABLE_TO_DISCOVER;
		return NULL;
	}

	if (!publicsockaddr) {
		g_free(gateway);

		pmp_info.status = PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNABLE_TO_DISCOVER;
		return NULL;
	}

#ifdef PMP_DEBUG
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "Response received from NAT-PMP device:\n");
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "version: %d\n", resp.version);
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "opcode: %d\n", resp.opcode);
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "resultcode: %d\n", ntohs(resp.resultcode));
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "epoch: %d\n", ntohl(resp.epoch));
	struct in_addr in;
	in.s_addr = resp.address;
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "address: %s\n", inet_ntoa(in));
#endif

	publicsockaddr->sin_addr.s_addr = resp.address;

	g_free(gateway);

	g_free(pmp_info.publicip);
	pmp_info.publicip = g_strdup(inet_ntoa(publicsockaddr->sin_addr));
	pmp_info.status = PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_DISCOVERED;

	return inet_ntoa(publicsockaddr->sin_addr);
}

gboolean
purple_pmp_create_map(PurplePmpType type, unsigned short privateport, unsigned short publicport, int lifetime)
{
	struct sockaddr_in *gateway;
	gboolean success = TRUE;
	int sendfd;
	struct timeval req_timeout;
	PurplePmpMapRequest req;
	PurplePmpMapResponse *resp;

	gateway = default_gw();

	if (!gateway)
	{
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "Cannot create mapping on a NULL gateway!\n");
		return FALSE;
	}

	/* Default port for NAT-PMP is 5351 */
	if (gateway->sin_port != PMP_PORT)
		gateway->sin_port = htons(PMP_PORT);

	resp = g_new0(PurplePmpMapResponse, 1);

	req_timeout.tv_sec = 0;
	req_timeout.tv_usec = PMP_TIMEOUT;

	sendfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);

	/* Set up the req */
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(PurplePmpMapRequest));
	req.version = 0;
	req.opcode = ((type == PURPLE_PMP_TYPE_UDP) ? PMP_MAP_OPCODE_UDP : PMP_MAP_OPCODE_TCP);
	req.privateport = htons(privateport); /* What a difference byte ordering makes...d'oh! */
	req.publicport = htons(publicport);
	req.lifetime = htonl(lifetime);

	/* The NAT-PMP spec says we should attempt to contact the gateway 9 times, doubling the time we wait each time.
	 * Even starting with a timeout of 0.1 seconds, that means that we have a total waiting of 204.6 seconds.
	 * With the recommended timeout of 0.25 seconds, we're talking 511.5 seconds (8.5 minutes).
	 *
	 * This seems really silly... if this were nonblocking, a couple retries might be in order, but it's not at present.
	 * XXX Make this nonblocking.
	 * XXX This code looks like the pmp_get_public_ip() code. Can it be consolidated?
	 */
#ifdef PMP_DEBUG
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "Attempting to create a NAT-PMP mapping the private port %d, and the public port %d\n", privateport, publicport);
	purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "\tTimeout: %ds %dus\n", req_timeout.tv_sec, req_timeout.tv_usec);
#endif

	/* TODO: Non-blocking! */
	success = (sendto(sendfd, &req, sizeof(req), 0, (struct sockaddr *)(gateway), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) >= 0);
	if (!success)
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "There was an error sending the NAT-PMP mapping request! (%s)\n", g_strerror(errno));

	if (success)
	{
		success = (setsockopt(sendfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &req_timeout, sizeof(req_timeout)) >= 0);
		if (!success)
			purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "There was an error setting the socket's options! (%s)\n", g_strerror(errno));
	}

	if (success)
	{
		/* The original code treats EAGAIN as a reason to iterate.. but I've removed iteration. This may be a problem */
		/* TODO: Non-blocking! */
		success = ((recvfrom(sendfd, resp, sizeof(PurplePmpMapResponse), 0, NULL, NULL) >= 0) ||
				   (errno == EAGAIN));
		if (!success)
			purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "There was an error receiving the response from the NAT-PMP device! (%s)\n", g_strerror(errno));
	}

	if (success)
	{
		success = (resp->opcode == (req.opcode + 128));
		if (!success)
			purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "The opcode for the response from the NAT device (%i) does not match the request opcode (%i + 128 = %i)!\n",
							  resp->opcode, req.opcode, req.opcode + 128);
	}

#ifdef PMP_DEBUG
	if (success)
	{
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "Response received from NAT-PMP device:\n");
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "version: %d\n", resp->version);
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "opcode: %d\n", resp->opcode);
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "resultcode: %d\n", ntohs(resp->resultcode));
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "epoch: %d\n", ntohl(resp->epoch));
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "privateport: %d\n", ntohs(resp->privateport));
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "publicport: %d\n", ntohs(resp->publicport));
		purple_debug_info("nat-pmp", "lifetime: %d\n", ntohl(resp->lifetime));
	}
#endif

	g_free(resp);
	g_free(gateway);

	/* XXX The private port may actually differ from the one we requested, according to the spec.
	 * We don't handle that situation at present.
	 *
	 * TODO: Look at the result and verify it matches what we wanted; either return a failure if it doesn't,
	 * or change network.c to know what to do if the desired private port shifts as a result of the nat-pmp operation.
	 */
	return success;
}

gboolean
purple_pmp_destroy_map(PurplePmpType type, unsigned short privateport)
{
	gboolean success;

	success = purple_pmp_create_map(((type == PURPLE_PMP_TYPE_UDP) ? PMP_MAP_OPCODE_UDP : PMP_MAP_OPCODE_TCP),
							privateport, 0, 0);
	if (!success)
		purple_debug_warning("nat-pmp", "Failed to properly destroy mapping for %s port %d!\n",
							 ((type == PURPLE_PMP_TYPE_UDP) ? "UDP" : "TCP"), privateport);

	return success;
}

static void
purple_pmp_network_config_changed_cb(void *data)
{
	pmp_info.status = PURPLE_PMP_STATUS_UNDISCOVERED;
	g_free(pmp_info.publicip);
	pmp_info.publicip = NULL;
}

static void*
purple_pmp_get_handle(void)
{
	static int handle;

	return &handle;
}

void
purple_pmp_init()
{
	purple_signal_connect(purple_network_get_handle(), "network-configuration-changed",
		  purple_pmp_get_handle(), PURPLE_CALLBACK(purple_pmp_network_config_changed_cb),
		  GINT_TO_POINTER(0));
}
#else /* #ifdef NET_RT_DUMP */
char *
purple_pmp_get_public_ip()
{
	return NULL;
}

gboolean
purple_pmp_create_map(PurplePmpType type, unsigned short privateport, unsigned short publicport, int lifetime)
{
	return FALSE;
}

gboolean
purple_pmp_destroy_map(PurplePmpType type, unsigned short privateport)
{
	return FALSE;
}

void
purple_pmp_init()
{

}
#endif /* #if !(defined(HAVE_SYS_SYCTL_H) && defined(NET_RT_DUMP)) */