annotate HACKING @ 797:c13e78ae0f86

[gaim-migrate @ 807] egassem gniggubed lufesu erom committer: Tailor Script <tailor@pidgin.im>
author Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
date Wed, 30 Aug 2000 04:31:05 +0000
parents b61607d6c2af
children df664ea5eced
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1 A lot of people have tried to hack gaim, but haven't been able to because
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2 the code is just so horrid. Well, the code isn't getting better anytime
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3 soon, so to help all you would-be hackers help out gaim, here's a brief
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4 tutorial on how gaim works. I'll quickly describe the logical flow of
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5 things, then what you'll find in each of the source files. Hopefully
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6 that's enough to get most of you going.
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7
708
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8 If you're going to hack gaim, PLEASE, PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE send patches
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9 against the absolute latest CVS. I get really annoyed when I get patches
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10 against the last released version, especially since I don't usually have
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11 a copy of it on my computer, and gaim tends to change a lot between
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12 versions. (I sometimes get annoyed when they're against CVS from 3 days
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13 ago, but can't complain because it's usually my fault that I haven't
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14 looked at the patch yet.) To get gaim from CVS (if you haven't already),
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15 run the following commands:
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16
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17 $ export CVSROOT=:pserver:anonymous@cvs.gaim.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/gaim
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18 $ cvs login
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19 (hit enter as the password)
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20 $ cvs co gaim
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21 (you'll see it getting all of the files)
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22 $ cd gaim
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23 $ ./gen
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24
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25 You'll now have your normal gaim tree with ./configure and all. (If you
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26 want to make your life really simple, learn how CVS works. CVS is your
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27 friend.)
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28
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29 There's one little thing that's just a pet peeve, and it's really stupid.
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30 In ./configure there's an --enable-debug option. This does two things:
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31 compiles with -Wall, and prints debugging information to stdout. The
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32 debugging information is printed to the debug window (which can be turned
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33 on in the preferences) whether or not --enable-debug was selected. Most
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34 of the information that's printed is useless anyway though; so the
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35 --enable-debug option really doesn't do a whole lot.
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36
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37 This was written around August 8, 2000. It's now August 15, 2000, and I'm
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38 sure a lot of it is already out of date.
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39
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40
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41 PROGRAM FLOW
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42 ============
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43
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44 Before gaim does anything you can see, it initializes itself, which is
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45 mostly just reading .gaimrc (handled by the functions in gaimrc.c). It
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46 then draws the login window by calling show_login, and waits for input.
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47
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48 At the login window, when "signon" is clicked, dologin() is called. This
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49 in turn calls serv_login, which checks to see if you want to use Oscar or
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50 TOC, and calls oscar_login or toc_login appropriately. We'll assume TOC
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51 for the rest of this discussion; Oscar has a lot of bad hacks to get it
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52 working that I don't even want to think about.
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53
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54 After you're signed in (I'll skip that discussion - I doubt many people
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55 are going to change the login process, since it pretty much just follows
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56 PROTOCOL), Gaim draws the buddy list by calling show_buddy_list, and
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57 waits for input from two places: the server and the user. The first place
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58 it gets input from after signon is invariably the server, when the server
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59 tells Gaim which buddies are signed on.
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60
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61 When there is information ready to be read from the server, toc_callback
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62 is called (by GDK) to parse the incoming information. On an UPDATE,
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63 serv_got_update is called, which takes care of things like notifying
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64 conversation windows of the update if need be; notifying the plugins;
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65 and finally, calling set_buddy.
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66
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67 set_buddy is one of the most frequently called functions in gaim, one of
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68 the largest functions in gaim, and probably one of the buggiest functions
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69 in gaim. It is responsible for updating the pixmaps in the buddy list;
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70 notifying plugins of various events; updating the tooltips for buddies;
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71 making sounds; and updating the ticker. It's also called once per online
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72 buddy every 20 seconds (by GTK through update_all_buddies).
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73
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74 When the user opens a new conversation window, new_conversation is called.
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75 That's easy enough. If there isn't a conversation with the person already
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76 open (checked by calling find_conversation), show_conv is called to
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77 create the new window. All sorts of neat things happen there, but it's
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78 mostly drawing the window. show_conv is the best place to edit the UI. Be
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79 prepared for some incredibly bad GTK programming. (Rob's fixing this as
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80 we speak no doubt.)
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81
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82 That's pretty much it for the quick tutorial. I know it wasn't much but
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83 it's enough to get you started. Make sure you know GTK before you get too
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84 involved. Most of the back-end stuff is pretty basic; most of gaim is GTK.
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85
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86
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87 SOURCE FILES
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88 ============
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89
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90 about.c:
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91 Not much to say here, just a few basic functions.
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92
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93 aim.c:
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94 This is where the main() function is. It takes care of a lot of the
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95 initialization stuff, and showing the login window. It's pretty tiny
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96 and there's not really much to edit in it. Watch out for bad Oscar
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97 sign in hacks.
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98
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99 away.c:
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100 This takes care of most of the away stuff: setting the away message
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101 (do_im_away); coming back (do_im_back); drawing the away window;
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102 etc. To be honest I haven't looked at this file in months.
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103
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104 browser.c:
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105 Code for opening a browser window. Most of the code is trying to deal
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106 with Netscape. The most important function here is open_url. Have fun.
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107
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108 buddy.c:
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109 This takes care of not only nearly everything buddy-related (the buddy
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110 list, the permit/deny lists, and the window), but also a lot of the
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111 code flow and util functions. Look for good things like find_buddy,
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112 set_buddy, and signoff() here.
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113
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114 buddy_chat.c:
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115 This takes care of the buddy chat stuff. This used to be a lot bigger
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116 until the chat and IM windows got merged in the code. Now it mostly
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117 just takes care of chat-specific stuff, like ignoring people and
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118 keeping track of who's in the room. This is also where the chat window
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119 is created.
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120
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121 conversation.c:
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122 This is where most of the functions dealing with the IM and chat windows
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123 are hidden. It tries to abstract things as much as possible, but doesn't
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124 do a very good job. This is also where things like "Enter sends" and
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125 "Ctrl-{B/I/U/S}" options get carried out (look for send_callback). The
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126 chat and IM toolbar (with the B/I/U/S buttons) are both built from the
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127 same function, build_conv_toolbar.
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128
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129 dialogs.c:
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130 A massive file with a lot of little utility functions. This is where
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131 all of those little dialog windows are created. Things like the warn
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132 dialog and the add buddy dialog are here. Not all of the dialogs in
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133 gaim are in this file, though. But most of them are. This is also
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134 where do_import is housed, to import buddy lists.
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135
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136 gaimrc.c:
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137 This controls everything about the .gaimrc file. There's not really much
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138 to say about it; this is probably one of the better designed and easier
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139 to follow files in gaim. The important functions are towards the bottom.
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140
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141 gnome_applet_mgr.c:
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142 A hideous creation from the days before I started working on gaim. Most
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143 of it works, but it has functionsLikeThis. I hate looking at this
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144 file, but I'm too lazy to change the functions. The best functions
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145 are things like set_applet_draw_open, whose sole purpose is to set a
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146 global variable to TRUE. [ note 8/22/00 - I finally changed this file. ]
639
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147
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148 gtkhtml.c:
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149 This is really just one big hack. It started off as an HTML widget that
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150 was written for Gnome as far as I can tell. The current version is
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151 huge, requires way too many libs, and is too hard to upgrade to. But
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152 we've managed to hack this poor old version into basically what we
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153 need it for. I recommend not looking at this file if you want to save
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154 your sanity.
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155
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156 gtkticker.c:
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157 Syd, our resident GTK God, wrote a GtkWidget, GtkTicker. This is that
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158 widget. It's cool, and it's tiny.
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159
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160 html.c:
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161 Don't ask my why this is called html.c. Most of it is just grab_url,
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162 which does like the name says; it downloads a URL to show in the
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163 GtkHTML widget. http.c would be a more appropriate name, but that's OK.
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164
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165 idle.c:
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166 There is a very good reason why this file is still on version 1.1
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167 in CVS. The entire thing is #if 0'd out. I haven't ever really taken
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168 a good look at it, but I think what it was supposed to have done is
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169 set you as being away when a screensaver came on.
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170
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171 network.c:
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172 This has two functions: get_address and connect_address, both of which
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173 call proxy functions. If you want to see how these are used, look at
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174 toc.c and/or rvous.c. These are really just front-ends to the proxy
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175 stuff; use these instead of calling the proxy functions.
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176
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177 oscar.c:
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178 One big hack of copied code. This is supposed to be the libfaim tie-in
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179 in gaim. Most of it is just copied straight from faimtest, the small
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180 program that comes with libfaim. I'm not even sure how half of it works,
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181 if that makes you feel any better.
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182
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183 perl.c:
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184 This was basically copied straight from X-Chat through the power of
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185 the GPL. Perl is the biggest, most confusing piece of C code I've ever
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186 seen in my life (and keep in mind I'm a gaim hacker). I have a basic
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187 idea of what's going on in it, but I couldn't tell you exactly. The
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188 top half sets up perl and tells it what's going on and the bottom half
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189 implements the AIM module.
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190
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191 plugins.c:
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192 This is the "plugin plug", as the file states. This file is probably
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193 the only file in all of gaim that at the top has all of the functions
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194 and global and static variables named out for you. It makes reading
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195 it a little easier, but not by much. A lot of the code in here deals
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196 with the plugin window rather than the plugins themselves.
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197
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198 prefs.c:
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199 The important function in here is build_prefs, but the most useful
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200 function is gaim_button. build_prefs draws the window, and calls
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201 gaim_button probably 30 or 40 times. (I don't really wanna run grep
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202 | wc to count.) This is where you add the toggle button for gaim
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203 preferences. It's very simple, and if you look at a couple of the
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204 calls to gaim_button you'll figure it out right away.
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205
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206 proxy.c:
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207 This is where the bulk of the actual networking code is done. The big
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208 function here is proxy_connect, which will connect through the proxy
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209 setup you've chosen (most of which don't work...) or just regularly.
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210
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211 rvous.c:
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212 This was originally going to be the stuff for all of the Buddy Icon
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213 and Voice Chat stuff, but I got really sick of protocol hacking really
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214 quick. Now it only houses the file transfer stuff, which only works
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215 for TOC.
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216
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217 server.c:
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218 This is where all of the differentiation between TOC and Oscar is
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219 done. Nearly everything that's network related goes through here
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220 at one point or another. This has good things like serv_send_im and
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221 serv_got_update. Most of it should be pretty self-explanatory.
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222
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223 sound.c:
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224 The big important function is play_sound, which plays one of 4 (actually
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225 6) sounds. One of the sounds is called in 3 different events, which
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226 is why there are actually 6 sounds. This then calls play which then
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227 checks for esd, then nas if that's not available, then falls back
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228 to /dev/audio.
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229
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230 ticker.c:
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231 Syd is just so cool. I really can't get over it. He let me come
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232 visit him at Netscape one day, and I got to see all of their toys
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233 (don't worry, I'm under an NDA). Anyway, this file is for the buddy
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234 ticker. This is also a damn cool file because it's got all of the
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235 functions that you'd want right up at the top. Someday I want to be
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236 as cool as Syd.
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237
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238 toc.c:
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239 This handles everything TOC-related, including parsing gaim's buddy
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240 list. Most of this file is toc_callback, which parses the incoming
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241 information from the server. I really don't like TOC though.
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242
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243 util.c:
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244 There's not really a lot of cohesion to this file; it's just a lot of
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245 stuff that happened to be thrown into it for no apparent reason. None
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246 of it is particularly tasty; it's all just utility functions. Just
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247 like the name says.
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248
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249
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250 So that's our little tour of the internals of Gaim. It's really not
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251 difficult to figure out if you've spent any time with GTK. I'm looking
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252 forward to getting all of your patches :)