annotate lispref/modes.texi @ 62928:8470359e501c

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author Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
date Tue, 31 May 2005 15:00:23 +0000
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1 @c -*-texinfo-*-
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2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999,
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4 @c 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
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6 @setfilename ../info/modes
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7 @node Modes, Documentation, Keymaps, Top
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8 @chapter Major and Minor Modes
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9 @cindex mode
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10
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11 A @dfn{mode} is a set of definitions that customize Emacs and can be
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12 turned on and off while you edit. There are two varieties of modes:
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13 @dfn{major modes}, which are mutually exclusive and used for editing
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14 particular kinds of text, and @dfn{minor modes}, which provide features
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15 that users can enable individually.
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16
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17 This chapter describes how to write both major and minor modes, how to
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18 indicate them in the mode line, and how they run hooks supplied by the
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19 user. For related topics such as keymaps and syntax tables, see
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20 @ref{Keymaps}, and @ref{Syntax Tables}.
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21
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22 @menu
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23 * Hooks:: How to use hooks; how to write code that provides hooks.
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24 * Major Modes:: Defining major modes.
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25 * Minor Modes:: Defining minor modes.
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26 * Mode Line Format:: Customizing the text that appears in the mode line.
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27 * Imenu:: How a mode can provide a menu
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28 of definitions in the buffer.
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29 * Font Lock Mode:: How modes can highlight text according to syntax.
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30 * Desktop Save Mode:: How modes can have buffer state saved between
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31 Emacs sessions.
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32 @end menu
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33
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34 @node Hooks
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35 @section Hooks
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36 @cindex hooks
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37
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38 A @dfn{hook} is a variable where you can store a function or functions
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39 to be called on a particular occasion by an existing program. Emacs
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40 provides hooks for the sake of customization. Most often, hooks are set
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41 up in the init file (@pxref{Init File}), but Lisp programs can set them also.
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42 @xref{Standard Hooks}, for a list of standard hook variables.
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43
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44 @cindex normal hook
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45 Most of the hooks in Emacs are @dfn{normal hooks}. These variables
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46 contain lists of functions to be called with no arguments. When the
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47 hook name ends in @samp{-hook}, that tells you it is normal. We try to
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48 make all hooks normal, as much as possible, so that you can use them in
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49 a uniform way.
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50
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51 Every major mode function is supposed to run a normal hook called the
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52 @dfn{mode hook} as the last step of initialization. This makes it easy
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53 for a user to customize the behavior of the mode, by overriding the
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54 buffer-local variable assignments already made by the mode. Most
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55 minor modes also run a mode hook at their end. But hooks are used in
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56 other contexts too. For example, the hook @code{suspend-hook} runs
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57 just before Emacs suspends itself (@pxref{Suspending Emacs}).
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58
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59 The recommended way to add a hook function to a normal hook is by
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60 calling @code{add-hook} (see below). The hook functions may be any of
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61 the valid kinds of functions that @code{funcall} accepts (@pxref{What
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62 Is a Function}). Most normal hook variables are initially void;
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63 @code{add-hook} knows how to deal with this. You can add hooks either
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64 globally or buffer-locally with @code{add-hook}.
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65
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66 @cindex abnormal hook
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67 If the hook variable's name does not end with @samp{-hook}, that
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68 indicates it is probably an @dfn{abnormal hook}. Then you should look at its
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69 documentation to see how to use the hook properly.
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70
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71 If the variable's name ends in @samp{-functions} or @samp{-hooks},
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72 then the value is a list of functions, but it is abnormal in that either
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73 these functions are called with arguments or their values are used in
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74 some way. You can use @code{add-hook} to add a function to the list,
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75 but you must take care in writing the function. (A few of these
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76 variables, notably those ending in @samp{-hooks}, are actually
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77 normal hooks which were named before we established the convention of
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78 using @samp{-hook} for them.)
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79
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80 If the variable's name ends in @samp{-function}, then its value
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81 is just a single function, not a list of functions.
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82
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83 Here's an example that uses a mode hook to turn on Auto Fill mode when
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84 in Lisp Interaction mode:
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85
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86 @example
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87 (add-hook 'lisp-interaction-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
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88 @end example
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89
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90 At the appropriate time, Emacs uses the @code{run-hooks} function to
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91 run particular hooks.
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92
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93 @defun run-hooks &rest hookvars
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94 This function takes one or more normal hook variable names as
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95 arguments, and runs each hook in turn. Each argument should be a
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96 symbol that is a normal hook variable. These arguments are processed
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97 in the order specified.
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98
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99 If a hook variable has a non-@code{nil} value, that value may be a
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100 function or a list of functions. (The former option is considered
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101 obsolete.) If the value is a function (either a lambda expression or
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102 a symbol with a function definition), it is called. If it is a list
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103 that isn't a function, its elements are called, consecutively. All
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104 the hook functions are called with no arguments.
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105 @end defun
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106
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107 @defun run-hook-with-args hook &rest args
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108 This function is the way to run an abnormal hook and always call all
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109 of the hook functions. It calls each of the hook functions one by
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110 one, passing each of them the arguments @var{args}.
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111 @end defun
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112
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113 @defun run-hook-with-args-until-failure hook &rest args
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114 This function is the way to run an abnormal hook until one of the hook
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115 functions fails. It calls each of the hook functions, passing each of
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116 them the arguments @var{args}, until some hook function returns
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117 @code{nil}. It then stops and returns @code{nil}. If none of the
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118 hook functions return @code{nil}, it returns a non-@code{nil} value.
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119 @end defun
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120
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121 @defun run-hook-with-args-until-success hook &rest args
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122 This function is the way to run an abnormal hook until a hook function
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123 succeeds. It calls each of the hook functions, passing each of them
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124 the arguments @var{args}, until some hook function returns
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125 non-@code{nil}. Then it stops, and returns whatever was returned by
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126 the last hook function that was called. If all hook functions return
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127 @code{nil}, it returns @code{nil} as well.
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128 @end defun
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129
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130 @defun add-hook hook function &optional append local
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131 This function is the handy way to add function @var{function} to hook
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132 variable @var{hook}. You can use it for abnormal hooks as well as for
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133 normal hooks. @var{function} can be any Lisp function that can accept
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134 the proper number of arguments for @var{hook}. For example,
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135
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136 @example
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137 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'my-text-hook-function)
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138 @end example
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139
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140 @noindent
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141 adds @code{my-text-hook-function} to the hook called @code{text-mode-hook}.
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142
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143 If @var{function} is already present in @var{hook} (comparing using
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144 @code{equal}), then @code{add-hook} does not add it a second time.
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145
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146 It is best to design your hook functions so that the order in which they
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147 are executed does not matter. Any dependence on the order is ``asking
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148 for trouble''. However, the order is predictable: normally,
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149 @var{function} goes at the front of the hook list, so it will be
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150 executed first (barring another @code{add-hook} call). If the optional
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151 argument @var{append} is non-@code{nil}, the new hook function goes at
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152 the end of the hook list and will be executed last.
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153
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154 @code{add-hook} can handle the cases where @var{hook} is void or its
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155 value is a single function; it sets or changes the value to a list of
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156 functions.
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157
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158 If @var{local} is non-@code{nil}, that says to add @var{function} to
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159 the buffer-local hook list instead of to the global hook list. If
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160 needed, this makes the hook buffer-local and adds @code{t} to the
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161 buffer-local value. The latter acts as a flag to run the hook
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162 functions in the default value as well as in the local value.
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163 @end defun
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164
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165 @defun remove-hook hook function &optional local
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166 This function removes @var{function} from the hook variable
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167 @var{hook}. It compares @var{function} with elements of @var{hook}
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168 using @code{equal}, so it works for both symbols and lambda
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169 expressions.
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170
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171 If @var{local} is non-@code{nil}, that says to remove @var{function}
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172 from the buffer-local hook list instead of from the global hook list.
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173 @end defun
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174
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175 @node Major Modes
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176 @section Major Modes
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177 @cindex major mode
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178
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179 Major modes specialize Emacs for editing particular kinds of text.
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180 Each buffer has only one major mode at a time. For each major mode
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181 there is a function to switch to that mode in the current buffer; its
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182 name should end in @samp{-mode}. These functions work by setting
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183 buffer-local variable bindings and other data associated with the
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184 buffer, such as a local keymap. The effect lasts until you switch
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185 to another major mode in the same buffer.
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186
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187 @menu
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188 * Major Mode Basics::
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189 * Major Mode Conventions:: Coding conventions for keymaps, etc.
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190 * Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes.
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191 * Auto Major Mode:: How Emacs chooses the major mode automatically.
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192 * Mode Help:: Finding out how to use a mode.
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193 * Derived Modes:: Defining a new major mode based on another major
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194 mode.
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195 * Generic Modes:: Defining a simple major mode that supports
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196 comment syntax and Font Lock mode.
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197 * Mode Hooks:: Hooks run at the end of major mode functions.
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198 @end menu
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199
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200 @node Major Mode Basics
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201 @subsection Major Mode Basics
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202 @cindex Fundamental mode
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203
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204 The least specialized major mode is called @dfn{Fundamental mode}.
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205 This mode has no mode-specific definitions or variable settings, so each
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206 Emacs command behaves in its default manner, and each option is in its
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207 default state. All other major modes redefine various keys and options.
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208 For example, Lisp Interaction mode provides special key bindings for
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209 @kbd{C-j} (@code{eval-print-last-sexp}), @key{TAB}
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210 (@code{lisp-indent-line}), and other keys.
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211
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212 When you need to write several editing commands to help you perform a
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213 specialized editing task, creating a new major mode is usually a good
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214 idea. In practice, writing a major mode is easy (in contrast to
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215 writing a minor mode, which is often difficult).
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216
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217 If the new mode is similar to an old one, it is often unwise to modify
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218 the old one to serve two purposes, since it may become harder to use and
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219 maintain. Instead, copy and rename an existing major mode definition
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220 and alter the copy---or define a @dfn{derived mode} (@pxref{Derived
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221 Modes}). For example, Rmail Edit mode, which is in
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222 @file{emacs/lisp/mail/rmailedit.el}, is a major mode that is very similar to
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223 Text mode except that it provides two additional commands. Its
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224 definition is distinct from that of Text mode, but uses that of Text mode.
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225
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226 Even if the new mode is not an obvious derivative of any other mode,
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227 it is convenient to use @code{define-derived-mode} with a @code{nil}
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228 parent argument, since it automatically enforces the most important
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229 coding conventions for you.
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230
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231 For a very simple programming language major mode that handles
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232 comments and fontification, you can use @code{define-generic-mode}.
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233 @xref{Generic Modes}.
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234
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235 Rmail Edit mode offers an example of changing the major mode
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236 temporarily for a buffer, so it can be edited in a different way (with
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237 ordinary Emacs commands rather than Rmail commands). In such cases, the
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238 temporary major mode usually provides a command to switch back to the
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239 buffer's usual mode (Rmail mode, in this case). You might be tempted to
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240 present the temporary redefinitions inside a recursive edit and restore
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241 the usual ones when the user exits; but this is a bad idea because it
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242 constrains the user's options when it is done in more than one buffer:
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243 recursive edits must be exited most-recently-entered first. Using an
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244 alternative major mode avoids this limitation. @xref{Recursive
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245 Editing}.
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246
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247 The standard GNU Emacs Lisp library directory tree contains the code
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248 for several major modes, in files such as @file{text-mode.el},
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249 @file{texinfo.el}, @file{lisp-mode.el}, @file{c-mode.el}, and
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250 @file{rmail.el}. They are found in various subdirectories of the
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251 @file{lisp} directory. You can study these libraries to see how modes
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252 are written. Text mode is perhaps the simplest major mode aside from
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253 Fundamental mode. Rmail mode is a complicated and specialized mode.
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254
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255 @node Major Mode Conventions
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256 @subsection Major Mode Conventions
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257
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258 The code for existing major modes follows various coding conventions,
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259 including conventions for local keymap and syntax table initialization,
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260 global names, and hooks. Please follow these conventions when you
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261 define a new major mode.
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262
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263 This list of conventions is only partial, because each major mode
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264 should aim for consistency in general with other Emacs major modes.
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265 This makes Emacs as a whole more coherent. It is impossible to list
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266 here all the possible points where this issue might come up; if the
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267 Emacs developers point out an area where your major mode deviates from
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268 the usual conventions, please make it compatible.
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269
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270 @itemize @bullet
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271 @item
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272 Define a command whose name ends in @samp{-mode}, with no arguments,
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273 that switches to the new mode in the current buffer. This command
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274 should set up the keymap, syntax table, and buffer-local variables in an
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275 existing buffer, without changing the buffer's contents.
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276
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277 @item
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278 Write a documentation string for this command that describes the
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279 special commands available in this mode. @kbd{C-h m}
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280 (@code{describe-mode}) in your mode will display this string.
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281
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282 The documentation string may include the special documentation
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283 substrings, @samp{\[@var{command}]}, @samp{\@{@var{keymap}@}}, and
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284 @samp{\<@var{keymap}>}, which enable the documentation to adapt
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285 automatically to the user's own key bindings. @xref{Keys in
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286 Documentation}.
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287
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288 @item
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289 The major mode command should start by calling
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290 @code{kill-all-local-variables}. This is what gets rid of the
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291 buffer-local variables of the major mode previously in effect.
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292
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293 @item
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294 The major mode command should set the variable @code{major-mode} to the
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295 major mode command symbol. This is how @code{describe-mode} discovers
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296 which documentation to print.
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297
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298 @item
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299 The major mode command should set the variable @code{mode-name} to the
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300 ``pretty'' name of the mode, as a string. This string appears in the
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301 mode line.
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302
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303 @item
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304 @cindex functions in modes
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305 Since all global names are in the same name space, all the global
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306 variables, constants, and functions that are part of the mode should
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307 have names that start with the major mode name (or with an abbreviation
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308 of it if the name is long). @xref{Coding Conventions}.
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309
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310 @item
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311 In a major mode for editing some kind of structured text, such as a
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312 programming language, indentation of text according to structure is
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313 probably useful. So the mode should set @code{indent-line-function}
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314 to a suitable function, and probably customize other variables
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315 for indentation.
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316
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317 @item
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318 @cindex keymaps in modes
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319 The major mode should usually have its own keymap, which is used as the
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320 local keymap in all buffers in that mode. The major mode command should
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321 call @code{use-local-map} to install this local map. @xref{Active
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322 Keymaps}, for more information.
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323
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324 This keymap should be stored permanently in a global variable named
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325 @code{@var{modename}-mode-map}. Normally the library that defines the
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326 mode sets this variable.
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327
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328 @xref{Tips for Defining}, for advice about how to write the code to set
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329 up the mode's keymap variable.
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330
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331 @item
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332 The key sequences bound in a major mode keymap should usually start with
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333 @kbd{C-c}, followed by a control character, a digit, or @kbd{@{},
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334 @kbd{@}}, @kbd{<}, @kbd{>}, @kbd{:} or @kbd{;}. The other punctuation
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335 characters are reserved for minor modes, and ordinary letters are
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336 reserved for users.
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337
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338 A major mode can also rebind the keys @kbd{M-n}, @kbd{M-p} and
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339 @kbd{M-s}. The bindings for @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p} should normally
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340 be some kind of ``moving forward and backward,'' but this does not
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341 necessarily mean cursor motion.
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342
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343 It is legitimate for a major mode to rebind a standard key sequence if
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344 it provides a command that does ``the same job'' in a way better
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345 suited to the text this mode is used for. For example, a major mode
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346 for editing a programming language might redefine @kbd{C-M-a} to
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347 ``move to the beginning of a function'' in a way that works better for
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348 that language.
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349
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350 It is also legitimate for a major mode to rebind a standard key
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351 sequence whose standard meaning is rarely useful in that mode. For
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352 instance, minibuffer modes rebind @kbd{M-r}, whose standard meaning is
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353 rarely of any use in the minibuffer. Major modes such as Dired or
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354 Rmail that do not allow self-insertion of text can reasonably redefine
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355 letters and other printing characters as special commands.
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356
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357 @item
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358 Major modes must not define @key{RET} to do anything other than insert
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359 a newline. The command to insert a newline and then indent is
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360 @kbd{C-j}. Please keep this distinction uniform for all major modes.
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361
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362 @item
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363 Major modes should not alter options that are primarily a matter of user
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364 preference, such as whether Auto-Fill mode is enabled. Leave this to
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365 each user to decide. However, a major mode should customize other
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366 variables so that Auto-Fill mode will work usefully @emph{if} the user
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367 decides to use it.
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368
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369 @item
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370 @cindex syntax tables in modes
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371 The mode may have its own syntax table or may share one with other
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372 related modes. If it has its own syntax table, it should store this in
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373 a variable named @code{@var{modename}-mode-syntax-table}. @xref{Syntax
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374 Tables}.
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375
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376 @item
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377 If the mode handles a language that has a syntax for comments, it should
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378 set the variables that define the comment syntax. @xref{Options for
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379 Comments,, Options Controlling Comments, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
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380
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381 @item
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382 @cindex abbrev tables in modes
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383 The mode may have its own abbrev table or may share one with other
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384 related modes. If it has its own abbrev table, it should store this
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385 in a variable named @code{@var{modename}-mode-abbrev-table}. If the
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386 major mode command defines any abbrevs itself, it should pass @code{t}
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387 for the @var{system-flag} argument to @code{define-abbrev}.
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388 @xref{Defining Abbrevs}.
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389
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390 @item
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391 The mode should specify how to do highlighting for Font Lock mode, by
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392 setting up a buffer-local value for the variable
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393 @code{font-lock-defaults} (@pxref{Font Lock Mode}).
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394
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395 @item
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396 The mode should specify how Imenu should find the definitions or
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397 sections of a buffer, by setting up a buffer-local value for the
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398 variable @code{imenu-generic-expression}, for the pair of variables
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399 @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} and
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400 @code{imenu-extract-index-name-function}, or for the variable
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401 @code{imenu-create-index-function} (@pxref{Imenu}).
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402
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403 @item
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404 The mode can specify a local value for
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405 @code{eldoc-documentation-function} to tell ElDoc mode how to handle
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406 this mode.
7f8f03acf7fe (Major Mode Conventions): Explain customizing ElDoc mode.
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407
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408 @item
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409 Use @code{defvar} or @code{defcustom} to set mode-related variables, so
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410 that they are not reinitialized if they already have a value. (Such
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411 reinitialization could discard customizations made by the user.)
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412
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413 @item
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414 @cindex buffer-local variables in modes
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415 To make a buffer-local binding for an Emacs customization variable, use
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416 @code{make-local-variable} in the major mode command, not
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417 @code{make-variable-buffer-local}. The latter function would make the
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418 variable local to every buffer in which it is subsequently set, which
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419 would affect buffers that do not use this mode. It is undesirable for a
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420 mode to have such global effects. @xref{Buffer-Local Variables}.
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421
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422 With rare exceptions, the only reasonable way to use
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423 @code{make-variable-buffer-local} in a Lisp package is for a variable
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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424 which is used only within that package. Using it on a variable used by
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diff changeset
425 other packages would interfere with them.
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426
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427 @item
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428 @cindex mode hook
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429 @cindex major mode hook
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430 Each major mode should have a @dfn{mode hook} named
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431 @code{@var{modename}-mode-hook}. The major mode command should run that
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3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
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432 hook, with @code{run-mode-hooks}, as the very last thing it
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433 does. @xref{Mode Hooks}.
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434
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435 @item
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436 The major mode command may start by calling some other major mode
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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437 command (called the @dfn{parent mode}) and then alter some of its
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
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438 settings. A mode that does this is called a @dfn{derived mode}. The
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
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439 recommended way to define one is to use @code{define-derived-mode},
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f13e9e778c14 (Major Mode Conventions): A derived mode only needs to put the call to
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
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440 but this is not required. Such a mode should call the parent mode
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441 command inside a @code{delay-mode-hooks} form. (Using
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442 @code{define-derived-mode} does this automatically.) @xref{Derived
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
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443 Modes}, and @ref{Mode Hooks}.
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444
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445 @item
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446 If something special should be done if the user switches a buffer from
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66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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447 this mode to any other major mode, this mode can set up a buffer-local
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448 value for @code{change-major-mode-hook} (@pxref{Creating Buffer-Local}).
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449
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450 @item
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451 If this mode is appropriate only for specially-prepared text, then the
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452 major mode command symbol should have a property named @code{mode-class}
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453 with value @code{special}, put on as follows:
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454
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59fa0bb3f282 Index mode-class using @kindex.
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455 @kindex mode-class @r{(property)}
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456 @cindex @code{special}
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457 @example
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458 (put 'funny-mode 'mode-class 'special)
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459 @end example
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460
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461 @noindent
59942
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462 This tells Emacs that new buffers created while the current buffer is
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
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463 in Funny mode should not inherit Funny mode, in case
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
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464 @code{default-major-mode} is @code{nil}. Modes such as Dired, Rmail,
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465 and Buffer List use this feature.
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466
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467 @item
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468 If you want to make the new mode the default for files with certain
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469 recognizable names, add an element to @code{auto-mode-alist} to select
62539
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parents: 62488
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470 the mode for those file names (@pxref{Auto Major Mode}). If you
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
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parents: 62488
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471 define the mode command to autoload, you should add this element in
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
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parents: 62488
diff changeset
472 the same file that calls @code{autoload}. If you use an autoload
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
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473 cookie for the mode command, you can also use an autoload cookie for
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
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474 the form that adds the element (@pxref{autoload cookie}). If you do
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
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parents: 62488
diff changeset
475 not autoload the mode command, it is sufficient to add the element in
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
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parents: 62488
diff changeset
476 the file that contains the mode definition.
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477
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478 @item
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1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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479 In the comments that document the file, you should provide a sample
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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480 @code{autoload} form and an example of how to add to
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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diff changeset
481 @code{auto-mode-alist}, that users can include in their init files
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diff changeset
482 (@pxref{Init File}).
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483
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484 @item
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485 @cindex mode loading
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
486 The top-level forms in the file defining the mode should be written so
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487 that they may be evaluated more than once without adverse consequences.
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488 Even if you never load the file more than once, someone else will.
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489 @end itemize
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490
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491 @node Example Major Modes
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492 @subsection Major Mode Examples
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493
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494 Text mode is perhaps the simplest mode besides Fundamental mode.
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495 Here are excerpts from @file{text-mode.el} that illustrate many of
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496 the conventions listed above:
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497
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498 @smallexample
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499 @group
59942
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500 ;; @r{Create the syntax table for this mode.}
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501 (defvar text-mode-syntax-table
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
502 (let ((st (make-syntax-table)))
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
503 (modify-syntax-entry ?\" ". " st)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
504 (modify-syntax-entry ?\\ ". " st)
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
505 ;; We add `p' so that M-c on 'hello' leads to 'Hello' rather than 'hello'.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
506 (modify-syntax-entry ?' "w p" st)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
507 st)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
508 "Syntax table used while in `text-mode'.")
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diff changeset
509 @end group
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parents:
diff changeset
510
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diff changeset
511 ;; @r{Create the keymap for this mode.}
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diff changeset
512 @group
59942
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
513 (defvar text-mode-map
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
514 (let ((map (make-sparse-keymap)))
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
515 (define-key map "\e\t" 'ispell-complete-word)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
516 (define-key map "\es" 'center-line)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
517 (define-key map "\eS" 'center-paragraph)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
518 map)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
519 "Keymap for `text-mode'.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
520 Many other modes, such as `mail-mode', `outline-mode' and `indented-text-mode',
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
521 inherit all the commands defined in this map.")
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diff changeset
522 @end group
59942
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
523 @end smallexample
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
524
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
525 Here is how the actual mode command is defined now:
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
526
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
527 @smallexample
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
528 @group
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
529 (define-derived-mode text-mode nil "Text"
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
530 "Major mode for editing text written for humans to read.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
531 In this mode, paragraphs are delimited only by blank or white lines.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
532 You can thus get the full benefit of adaptive filling
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
533 (see the variable `adaptive-fill-mode').
59963
2bc848857427 (Example Major Modes): Fix typos.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 59942
diff changeset
534 \\@{text-mode-map@}
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
535 Turning on Text mode runs the normal hook `text-mode-hook'."
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
536 @end group
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537 @group
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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diff changeset
538 (make-local-variable 'text-mode-variant)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
539 (setq text-mode-variant t)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
540 ;; @r{These two lines are a feature added recently.}
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
541 (set (make-local-variable 'require-final-newline)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
542 mode-require-final-newline)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
543 (set (make-local-variable 'indent-line-function) 'indent-relative))
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
544 @end group
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
545 @end smallexample
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
546
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
547 But here is how it was defined formerly, before
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
548 @code{define-derived-mode} existed:
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
549
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
550 @smallexample
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
551 @group
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
552 ;; @r{This isn't needed nowadays, since @code{define-derived-mode} does it.}
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diff changeset
553 (defvar text-mode-abbrev-table nil
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
554 "Abbrev table used while in text mode.")
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
555 (define-abbrev-table 'text-mode-abbrev-table ())
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parents:
diff changeset
556 @end group
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557
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diff changeset
558 @group
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parents:
diff changeset
559 (defun text-mode ()
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560 "Major mode for editing text intended for humans to read...
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561 Special commands: \\@{text-mode-map@}
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562 @end group
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diff changeset
563 @group
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parents:
diff changeset
564 Turning on text-mode runs the hook `text-mode-hook'."
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diff changeset
565 (interactive)
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diff changeset
566 (kill-all-local-variables)
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diff changeset
567 (use-local-map text-mode-map)
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568 @end group
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
569 @group
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
570 (setq local-abbrev-table text-mode-abbrev-table)
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diff changeset
571 (set-syntax-table text-mode-syntax-table)
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572 @end group
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573 @group
59942
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diff changeset
574 ;; @r{These four lines are absent from the current version}
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
575 ;; @r{not because this is done some other way, but rather}
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
576 ;; @r{because nowadays Text mode uses the normal definition of paragraphs.}
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diff changeset
577 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-start)
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578 (setq paragraph-start (concat "[ \t]*$\\|" page-delimiter))
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579 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-separate)
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diff changeset
580 (setq paragraph-separate paragraph-start)
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diff changeset
581 (make-local-variable 'indent-line-function)
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diff changeset
582 (setq indent-line-function 'indent-relative-maybe)
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583 @end group
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diff changeset
584 @group
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diff changeset
585 (setq mode-name "Text")
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diff changeset
586 (setq major-mode 'text-mode)
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3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
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diff changeset
587 (run-mode-hooks 'text-mode-hook)) ; @r{Finally, this permits the user to}
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parents:
diff changeset
588 ; @r{customize the mode with a hook.}
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589 @end group
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590 @end smallexample
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591
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592 @cindex @file{lisp-mode.el}
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diff changeset
593 The three Lisp modes (Lisp mode, Emacs Lisp mode, and Lisp
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diff changeset
594 Interaction mode) have more features than Text mode and the code is
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595 correspondingly more complicated. Here are excerpts from
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596 @file{lisp-mode.el} that illustrate how these modes are written.
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597
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598 @cindex syntax table example
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599 @smallexample
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600 @group
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601 ;; @r{Create mode-specific table variables.}
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diff changeset
602 (defvar lisp-mode-syntax-table nil "")
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603 (defvar lisp-mode-abbrev-table nil "")
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604 @end group
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605
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diff changeset
606 @group
59942
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
607 (defvar emacs-lisp-mode-syntax-table
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
608 (let ((table (make-syntax-table)))
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609 (let ((i 0))
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610 @end group
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611
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612 @group
59942
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
613 ;; @r{Set syntax of chars up to @samp{0} to say they are}
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diff changeset
614 ;; @r{part of symbol names but not words.}
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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diff changeset
615 ;; @r{(The digit @samp{0} is @code{48} in the @acronym{ASCII} character set.)}
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parents: 48700
diff changeset
616 (while (< i ?0)
59942
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
617 (modify-syntax-entry i "_ " table)
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
618 (setq i (1+ i)))
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
619 ;; @r{@dots{} similar code follows for other character ranges.}
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620 @end group
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diff changeset
621 @group
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
622 ;; @r{Then set the syntax codes for characters that are special in Lisp.}
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
623 (modify-syntax-entry ? " " table)
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
624 (modify-syntax-entry ?\t " " table)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
625 (modify-syntax-entry ?\f " " table)
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
626 (modify-syntax-entry ?\n "> " table)
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627 @end group
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628 @group
59942
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diff changeset
629 ;; @r{Give CR the same syntax as newline, for selective-display.}
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
630 (modify-syntax-entry ?\^m "> " table)
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
631 (modify-syntax-entry ?\; "< " table)
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parents: 59516
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632 (modify-syntax-entry ?` "' " table)
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
633 (modify-syntax-entry ?' "' " table)
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diff changeset
634 (modify-syntax-entry ?, "' " table)
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parents: 59516
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635 @end group
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636 @group
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diff changeset
637 ;; @r{@dots{}likewise for many other characters@dots{}}
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638 (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "() " table)
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
639 (modify-syntax-entry ?\) ")( " table)
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
640 (modify-syntax-entry ?\[ "(] " table)
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
641 (modify-syntax-entry ?\] ")[ " table))
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diff changeset
642 table))
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
643 @end group
59963
2bc848857427 (Example Major Modes): Fix typos.
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parents: 59942
diff changeset
644 @group
6451
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diff changeset
645 ;; @r{Create an abbrev table for lisp-mode.}
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diff changeset
646 (define-abbrev-table 'lisp-mode-abbrev-table ())
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diff changeset
647 @end group
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diff changeset
648 @end smallexample
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diff changeset
649
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650 Much code is shared among the three Lisp modes. The following
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parents:
diff changeset
651 function sets various variables; it is called by each of the major Lisp
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652 mode functions:
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653
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parents:
diff changeset
654 @smallexample
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diff changeset
655 @group
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diff changeset
656 (defun lisp-mode-variables (lisp-syntax)
59942
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
657 (when lisp-syntax
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
658 (set-syntax-table lisp-mode-syntax-table))
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diff changeset
659 (setq local-abbrev-table lisp-mode-abbrev-table)
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diff changeset
660 @dots{}
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661 @end group
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662 @end smallexample
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663
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parents:
diff changeset
664 Functions such as @code{forward-paragraph} use the value of the
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diff changeset
665 @code{paragraph-start} variable. Since Lisp code is different from
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diff changeset
666 ordinary text, the @code{paragraph-start} variable needs to be set
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diff changeset
667 specially to handle Lisp. Also, comments are indented in a special
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diff changeset
668 fashion in Lisp and the Lisp modes need their own mode-specific
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diff changeset
669 @code{comment-indent-function}. The code to set these variables is the
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670 rest of @code{lisp-mode-variables}.
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671
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diff changeset
672 @smallexample
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673 @group
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diff changeset
674 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-start)
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675 (setq paragraph-start (concat page-delimiter "\\|$" ))
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diff changeset
676 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-separate)
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677 (setq paragraph-separate paragraph-start)
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678 @dots{}
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679 @end group
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680 @group
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diff changeset
681 (make-local-variable 'comment-indent-function)
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682 (setq comment-indent-function 'lisp-comment-indent))
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diff changeset
683 @dots{}
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684 @end group
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685 @end smallexample
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diff changeset
686
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diff changeset
687 Each of the different Lisp modes has a slightly different keymap. For
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diff changeset
688 example, Lisp mode binds @kbd{C-c C-z} to @code{run-lisp}, but the other
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parents:
diff changeset
689 Lisp modes do not. However, all Lisp modes have some commands in
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diff changeset
690 common. The following code sets up the common commands:
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691
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692 @smallexample
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693 @group
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diff changeset
694 (defvar shared-lisp-mode-map ()
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diff changeset
695 "Keymap for commands shared by all sorts of Lisp modes.")
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696
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diff changeset
697 ;; @r{Putting this @code{if} after the @code{defvar} is an older style.}
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698 (if shared-lisp-mode-map
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diff changeset
699 ()
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
700 (setq shared-lisp-mode-map (make-sparse-keymap))
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diff changeset
701 (define-key shared-lisp-mode-map "\e\C-q" 'indent-sexp)
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diff changeset
702 (define-key shared-lisp-mode-map "\177"
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diff changeset
703 'backward-delete-char-untabify))
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diff changeset
704 @end group
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parents:
diff changeset
705 @end smallexample
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
706
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
707 @noindent
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
708 And here is the code to set up the keymap for Lisp mode:
6451
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
709
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
710 @smallexample
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parents:
diff changeset
711 @group
21682
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
712 (defvar lisp-mode-map ()
25950
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 25875
diff changeset
713 "Keymap for ordinary Lisp mode...")
21682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
714
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
715 (if lisp-mode-map
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
716 ()
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
717 (setq lisp-mode-map (make-sparse-keymap))
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
718 (set-keymap-parent lisp-mode-map shared-lisp-mode-map)
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
719 (define-key lisp-mode-map "\e\C-x" 'lisp-eval-defun)
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
720 (define-key lisp-mode-map "\C-c\C-z" 'run-lisp))
6451
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
721 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
722 @end smallexample
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
723
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
724 Finally, here is the complete major mode function definition for
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23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
725 Lisp mode.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
726
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
727 @smallexample
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
728 @group
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
729 (defun lisp-mode ()
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
730 "Major mode for editing Lisp code for Lisps other than GNU Emacs Lisp.
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8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
731 Commands:
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
732 Delete converts tabs to spaces as it moves back.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
733 Blank lines separate paragraphs. Semicolons start comments.
21682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
734 \\@{lisp-mode-map@}
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
735 Note that `run-lisp' may be used either to start an inferior Lisp job
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
736 or to switch back to an existing one.
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parents:
diff changeset
737 @end group
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
738
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parents:
diff changeset
739 @group
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
740 Entry to this mode calls the value of `lisp-mode-hook'
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
741 if that value is non-nil."
6451
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
742 (interactive)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
743 (kill-all-local-variables)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
744 @end group
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
745 @group
21682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
746 (use-local-map lisp-mode-map) ; @r{Select the mode's keymap.}
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
747 (setq major-mode 'lisp-mode) ; @r{This is how @code{describe-mode}}
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
748 ; @r{finds out what to describe.}
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
749 (setq mode-name "Lisp") ; @r{This goes into the mode line.}
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
750 (lisp-mode-variables t) ; @r{This defines various variables.}
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
751 (make-local-variable 'comment-start-skip)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
752 (setq comment-start-skip
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
753 "\\(\\(^\\|[^\\\\\n]\\)\\(\\\\\\\\\\)*\\)\\(;+\\|#|\\) *")
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
754 (make-local-variable 'font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search)
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
755 (setq font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search t)
21682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
756 @end group
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
757 @group
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
758 (setq imenu-case-fold-search t)
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
759 (set-syntax-table lisp-mode-syntax-table)
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
760 (run-mode-hooks 'lisp-mode-hook)) ; @r{This permits the user to use a}
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
761 ; @r{hook to customize the mode.}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
762 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
763 @end smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
764
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765 @node Auto Major Mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 @subsection How Emacs Chooses a Major Mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
768 Based on information in the file name or in the file itself, Emacs
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769 automatically selects a major mode for the new buffer when a file is
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
770 visited. It also processes local variables specified in the file text.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
772 @deffn Command fundamental-mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
773 Fundamental mode is a major mode that is not specialized for anything
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
774 in particular. Other major modes are defined in effect by comparison
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775 with this one---their definitions say what to change, starting from
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776 Fundamental mode. The @code{fundamental-mode} function does @emph{not}
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
777 run any mode hooks; you're not supposed to customize it. (If you want Emacs
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
778 to behave differently in Fundamental mode, change the @emph{global}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
779 state of Emacs.)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
780 @end deffn
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
781
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
782 @deffn Command normal-mode &optional find-file
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
783 This function establishes the proper major mode and buffer-local variable
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
784 bindings for the current buffer. First it calls @code{set-auto-mode}
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
785 (see below), then it runs @code{hack-local-variables} to parse, and
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
786 bind or evaluate as appropriate, the file's local variables
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
787 (@pxref{File Local Variables}).
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
788
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
789 If the @var{find-file} argument to @code{normal-mode} is non-@code{nil},
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
790 @code{normal-mode} assumes that the @code{find-file} function is calling
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
791 it. In this case, it may process local variables in the @samp{-*-}
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
792 line or at the end of the file. The variable
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
793 @code{enable-local-variables} controls whether to do so. @xref{File
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
794 Variables, , Local Variables in Files, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual},
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
795 for the syntax of the local variables section of a file.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
796
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
797 If you run @code{normal-mode} interactively, the argument
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
798 @var{find-file} is normally @code{nil}. In this case,
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
799 @code{normal-mode} unconditionally processes any file local variables.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
800
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
801 If @code{normal-mode} processes the local variables list and this list
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
802 specifies a major mode, that mode overrides any mode chosen by
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
803 @code{set-auto-mode}. If neither @code{set-auto-mode} nor
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
804 @code{hack-local-variables} specify a major mode, the buffer stays in
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
805 the major mode determined by @code{default-major-mode} (see below).
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807 @cindex file mode specification error
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
808 @code{normal-mode} uses @code{condition-case} around the call to the
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809 major mode function, so errors are caught and reported as a @samp{File
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
810 mode specification error}, followed by the original error message.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811 @end deffn
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
813 @defun set-auto-mode &optional keep-mode-if-same
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 @cindex visited file mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 This function selects the major mode that is appropriate for the
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
816 current buffer. It bases its decision (in order of precedence) on
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
817 the @w{@samp{-*-}} line, on the @w{@samp{#!}} line (using
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
818 @code{interpreter-mode-alist}), on the text at the beginning of the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
819 buffer (using @code{magic-mode-alist}), and finally on the visited
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
820 file name (using @code{auto-mode-alist}). @xref{Choosing Modes, , How
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
821 Major Modes are Chosen, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. However, this
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
822 function does not look for the @samp{mode:} local variable near the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
823 end of a file; the @code{hack-local-variables} function does that.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
824 If @code{enable-local-variables} is @code{nil}, @code{set-auto-mode}
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
825 does not check the @w{@samp{-*-}} line for a mode tag either.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
826
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
827 If @var{keep-mode-if-same} is non-@code{nil}, this function does not
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
828 call the mode command if the buffer is already in the proper major
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
829 mode. For instance, @code{set-visited-file-name} sets this to
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
830 @code{t} to avoid killing buffer local variables that the user may
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
831 have set.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
832 @end defun
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
833
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
834 @defopt default-major-mode
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
835 This variable holds the default major mode for new buffers. The
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
836 standard value is @code{fundamental-mode}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
837
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
838 If the value of @code{default-major-mode} is @code{nil}, Emacs uses
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
839 the (previously) current buffer's major mode as the default major mode
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
840 of a new buffer. However, if that major mode symbol has a @code{mode-class}
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
841 property with value @code{special}, then it is not used for new buffers;
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
842 Fundamental mode is used instead. The modes that have this property are
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
843 those such as Dired and Rmail that are useful only with text that has
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
844 been specially prepared.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
845 @end defopt
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
846
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
847 @defun set-buffer-major-mode buffer
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
848 This function sets the major mode of @var{buffer} to the value of
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
849 @code{default-major-mode}; if that variable is @code{nil}, it uses the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
850 current buffer's major mode (if that is suitable). As an exception,
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
851 if @var{buffer}'s name is @samp{*scratch*}, it sets the mode to
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
852 @code{initial-major-mode}.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
853
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
854 The low-level primitives for creating buffers do not use this function,
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
855 but medium-level commands such as @code{switch-to-buffer} and
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
856 @code{find-file-noselect} use it whenever they create buffers.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
857 @end defun
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
858
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
859 @defopt initial-major-mode
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
860 @cindex @samp{*scratch*}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
861 The value of this variable determines the major mode of the initial
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
862 @samp{*scratch*} buffer. The value should be a symbol that is a major
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
863 mode command. The default value is @code{lisp-interaction-mode}.
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
864 @end defopt
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
865
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
866 @defvar interpreter-mode-alist
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
867 This variable specifies major modes to use for scripts that specify a
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
868 command interpreter in a @samp{#!} line. Its value is an alist with
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
869 elements of the form @code{(@var{interpreter} . @var{mode})}; for
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
870 example, @code{("perl" . perl-mode)} is one element present by
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
871 default. The element says to use mode @var{mode} if the file
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
872 specifies an interpreter which matches @var{interpreter}. The value
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
873 of @var{interpreter} is actually a regular expression. @xref{Regular
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
874 Expressions}.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
875 @end defvar
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
876
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
877 @defvar magic-mode-alist
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
878 This variable's value is an alist with elements of the form
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
879 @code{(@var{regexp} . @var{function})}, where @var{regexp} is a
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
880 regular expression and @var{function} is a function or @code{nil}.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
881 After visiting a file, @code{set-auto-mode} calls @var{function} if
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
882 the text at the beginning of the buffer matches @var{regexp} and
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
883 @var{function} is non-@code{nil}; if @var{function} is @code{nil},
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
884 @code{auto-mode-alist} gets to decide the mode.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
885 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
887 @defvar auto-mode-alist
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888 This variable contains an association list of file name patterns
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
889 (regular expressions) and corresponding major mode commands. Usually,
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
890 the file name patterns test for suffixes, such as @samp{.el} and
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
891 @samp{.c}, but this need not be the case. An ordinary element of the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
892 alist looks like @code{(@var{regexp} . @var{mode-function})}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894 For example,
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897 @group
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
898 (("\\`/tmp/fol/" . text-mode)
8505
d3f7cadf8c95 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8016
diff changeset
899 ("\\.texinfo\\'" . texinfo-mode)
d3f7cadf8c95 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8016
diff changeset
900 ("\\.texi\\'" . texinfo-mode)
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
901 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
902 @group
8505
d3f7cadf8c95 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8016
diff changeset
903 ("\\.el\\'" . emacs-lisp-mode)
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
904 ("\\.c\\'" . c-mode)
8505
d3f7cadf8c95 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8016
diff changeset
905 ("\\.h\\'" . c-mode)
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 @dots{})
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 @end smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
909
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910 When you visit a file whose expanded file name (@pxref{File Name
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
911 Expansion}), with version numbers and backup suffixes removed using
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
912 @code{file-name-sans-versions} (@pxref{File Name Components}), matches
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
913 a @var{regexp}, @code{set-auto-mode} calls the corresponding
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
914 @var{mode-function}. This feature enables Emacs to select the proper
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
915 major mode for most files.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
916
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917 If an element of @code{auto-mode-alist} has the form @code{(@var{regexp}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
918 @var{function} t)}, then after calling @var{function}, Emacs searches
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
919 @code{auto-mode-alist} again for a match against the portion of the file
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
920 name that did not match before. This feature is useful for
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
921 uncompression packages: an entry of the form @code{("\\.gz\\'"
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
922 @var{function} t)} can uncompress the file and then put the uncompressed
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
923 file in the proper mode according to the name sans @samp{.gz}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925 Here is an example of how to prepend several pattern pairs to
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926 @code{auto-mode-alist}. (You might use this sort of expression in your
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
927 init file.)
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
928
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930 @group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931 (setq auto-mode-alist
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
932 (append
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
933 ;; @r{File name (within directory) starts with a dot.}
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
934 '(("/\\.[^/]*\\'" . fundamental-mode)
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
935 ;; @r{File name has no dot.}
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
936 ("[^\\./]*\\'" . fundamental-mode)
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
937 ;; @r{File name ends in @samp{.C}.}
8505
d3f7cadf8c95 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8016
diff changeset
938 ("\\.C\\'" . c++-mode))
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939 auto-mode-alist))
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
941 @end smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
944 @node Mode Help
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
945 @subsection Getting Help about a Major Mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
946 @cindex mode help
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
947 @cindex help for major mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
948 @cindex documentation for major mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
949
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
950 The @code{describe-mode} function is used to provide information
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
951 about major modes. It is normally called with @kbd{C-h m}. The
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
952 @code{describe-mode} function uses the value of @code{major-mode},
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953 which is why every major mode function needs to set the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 @code{major-mode} variable.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 @deffn Command describe-mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957 This function displays the documentation of the current major mode.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
959 The @code{describe-mode} function calls the @code{documentation}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960 function using the value of @code{major-mode} as an argument. Thus, it
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961 displays the documentation string of the major mode function.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
962 (@xref{Accessing Documentation}.)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
963 @end deffn
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
964
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
965 @defvar major-mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
966 This variable holds the symbol for the current buffer's major mode.
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
967 This symbol should have a function definition that is the command to
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
968 switch to that major mode. The @code{describe-mode} function uses the
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
969 documentation string of the function as the documentation of the major
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
970 mode.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
971 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 @node Derived Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974 @subsection Defining Derived Modes
61930
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
975 @cindex derived mode
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
976
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
977 It's often useful to define a new major mode in terms of an existing
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978 one. An easy way to do this is to use @code{define-derived-mode}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
979
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
980 @defmac define-derived-mode variant parent name docstring keyword-args@dots{} body@dots{}
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
981 This construct defines @var{variant} as a major mode command, using
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
982 @var{name} as the string form of the mode name. @var{variant} and
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
983 @var{parent} should be unquoted symbols.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
984
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
985 The new command @var{variant} is defined to call the function
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
986 @var{parent}, then override certain aspects of that parent mode:
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
987
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
988 @itemize @bullet
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
989 @item
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
990 The new mode has its own sparse keymap, named
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
991 @code{@var{variant}-map}. @code{define-derived-mode}
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
992 makes the parent mode's keymap the parent of the new map, unless
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
993 @code{@var{variant}-map} is already set and already has a parent.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
994
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 @item
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
996 The new mode has its own syntax table, kept in the variable
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
997 @code{@var{variant}-syntax-table}, unless you override this using the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
998 @code{:syntax-table} keyword (see below). @code{define-derived-mode}
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
999 makes the parent mode's syntax-table the parent of
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1000 @code{@var{variant}-syntax-table}, unless the latter is already set
62488
5d20851e7295 (Derived Modes): Correct references to non-existing variable
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62434
diff changeset
1001 and already has a parent different from the standard syntax table.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1002
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1003 @item
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1004 The new mode has its own abbrev table, kept in the variable
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1005 @code{@var{variant}-abbrev-table}, unless you override this using the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1006 @code{:abbrev-table} keyword (see below).
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1007
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1008 @item
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1009 The new mode has its own mode hook, @code{@var{variant}-hook}. It
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1010 runs this hook, after running the hooks of its ancestor modes, with
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1011 @code{run-mode-hooks}, as the last thing it does. @xref{Mode Hooks}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1012 @end itemize
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014 In addition, you can specify how to override other aspects of
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1015 @var{parent} with @var{body}. The command @var{variant}
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1016 evaluates the forms in @var{body} after setting up all its usual
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1017 overrides, just before running the mode hooks.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1018
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1019 You can also specify @code{nil} for @var{parent}. This gives the new
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1020 mode no parent. Then @code{define-derived-mode} behaves as described
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1021 above, but, of course, omits all actions connected with @var{parent}.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1022
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1023 The argument @var{docstring} specifies the documentation string for
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1024 the new mode. @code{define-derived-mode} adds some general
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1025 information about the mode's hook, followed by the mode's keymap, at
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1026 the end of this docstring. If you omit @var{docstring},
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1027 @code{define-derived-mode} generates a documentation string.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1028
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1029 The @var{keyword-args} are pairs of keywords and values. The values
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1030 are evaluated. The following keywords are currently supported:
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1031
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1032 @table @code
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1033 @item :syntax-table
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1034 You can use this to explicitly specify a syntax table for the new
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1035 mode. If you specify a @code{nil} value, the new mode uses the same
62488
5d20851e7295 (Derived Modes): Correct references to non-existing variable
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62434
diff changeset
1036 syntax table as @var{parent}, or the standard syntax table if
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1037 @var{parent} is @code{nil}. (Note that this does @emph{not} follow
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1038 the convention used for non-keyword arguments that a @code{nil} value
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1039 is equivalent with not specifying the argument.)
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1040
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1041 @item :abbrev-table
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1042 You can use this to explicitly specify an abbrev table for the new
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1043 mode. If you specify a @code{nil} value, the new mode uses the same
62355
742fd00f9af6 (Derived Modes): Correct typos. Add pxref.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62345
diff changeset
1044 abbrev table as @var{parent}, or @code{fundamental-mode-abbrev-table}
742fd00f9af6 (Derived Modes): Correct typos. Add pxref.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62345
diff changeset
1045 if @var{parent} is @code{nil}. (Again, a @code{nil} value is
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1046 @emph{not} equivalent to not specifying this keyword.)
62594
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
1047
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
1048 @item :group
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
1049 If this is specified, the value should be the customization group for
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
1050 this mode. (Not all major modes have one.) Only the (still
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
1051 experimental and unadvertised) command @code{customize-mode} currently
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
1052 uses this. @code{define-derived-mode} does @emph{not} automatically
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
1053 define the specified customization group.
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1054 @end table
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1055
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1056 Here is a hypothetical example:
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1057
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058 @example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1059 (define-derived-mode hypertext-mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1060 text-mode "Hypertext"
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1061 "Major mode for hypertext.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1062 \\@{hypertext-mode-map@}"
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1063 (setq case-fold-search nil))
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1064
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1065 (define-key hypertext-mode-map
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1066 [down-mouse-3] 'do-hyper-link)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1067 @end example
40928
ebfea94f75d4 Don't write explicit (interactive) in defining a derived mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39793
diff changeset
1068
ebfea94f75d4 Don't write explicit (interactive) in defining a derived mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39793
diff changeset
1069 Do not write an @code{interactive} spec in the definition;
ebfea94f75d4 Don't write explicit (interactive) in defining a derived mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39793
diff changeset
1070 @code{define-derived-mode} does that automatically.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1071 @end defmac
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1072
61930
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1073 @node Generic Modes
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1074 @subsection Generic Modes
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1075 @cindex generic mode
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1076
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1077 @dfn{Generic modes} are simple major modes with basic support for
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1078 comment syntax and Font Lock mode. They are primarily useful for
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1079 configuration files. To define a generic mode, use the macro
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1080 @code{define-generic-mode}. See the file @file{generic-x.el} for some
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1081 examples of the use of @code{define-generic-mode}.
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1082
62259
61b87484a6ec (Generic Modes): Update.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61930
diff changeset
1083 @defmac define-generic-mode mode comment-list keyword-list font-lock-list auto-mode-list function-list &optional docstring
61930
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1084 This macro creates a new generic mode. The argument @var{mode} (an
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1085 unquoted symbol) is the major mode command. The optional argument
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1086 @var{docstring} is the documentation for the mode command. If you do
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1087 not supply it, @code{define-generic-mode} uses a default documentation
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1088 string instead.
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1089
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1090 @var{comment-list} is a list in which each element is either a
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1091 character, a string of one or two characters, or a cons cell. A
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1092 character or a string is set up in the mode's syntax table as a
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1093 ``comment starter.'' If the entry is a cons cell, the @sc{car} is set
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1094 up as a ``comment starter'' and the @sc{cdr} as a ``comment ender.''
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1095 (Use @code{nil} for the latter if you want comments to end at the end
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1096 of the line.) Note that the syntax table has limitations about what
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1097 comment starters and enders are actually possible. @xref{Syntax
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1098 Tables}.
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1099
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1100 @var{keyword-list} is a list of keywords to highlight with
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1101 @code{font-lock-keyword-face}. Each keyword should be a string.
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1102 @var{font-lock-list} is a list of additional expressions to highlight.
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1103 Each element of this list should have the same form as an element of
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1104 @code{font-lock-keywords}. @xref{Search-based Fontification}.
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1105
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1106 @var{auto-mode-list} is a list of regular expressions to add to the
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1107 variable @code{auto-mode-alist}. These regular expressions are added
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1108 when Emacs runs the macro expansion.
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1109
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1110 @var{function-list} is a list of functions to call to do some
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1111 additional setup. The mode command calls these functions just before
62259
61b87484a6ec (Generic Modes): Update.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61930
diff changeset
1112 it runs the mode hook variable @code{@var{mode}-hook}.
61930
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1113 @end defmac
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
1114
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1115 @node Mode Hooks
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1116 @subsection Mode Hooks
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1117
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1118 The two last things a major mode function should do is run its mode
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1119 hook and finally the mode independent normal hook
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1120 @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}. If the major mode is a derived
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1121 mode, that is if it calls another major mode (the parent mode) in its
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1122 body, then the parent's mode hook is run just before the derived
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1123 mode's hook. Neither the parent's mode hook nor
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1124 @code{after-change-major-mode-hook} are run at the end of the actual
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1125 call to the parent mode. This applies recursively if the parent mode
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1126 has itself a parent. That is, the mode hooks of all major modes
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1127 called directly or indirectly by the major mode function are all run
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1128 in sequence at the end, just before
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1129 @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}.
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1130
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1131 These conventions are new in Emacs 22, and some major modes
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1132 implemented by users do not follow them yet. So if you put a function
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1133 onto @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}, keep in mind that some modes
62876
91cd19004788 (Mode Hooks): Fix typo.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62872
diff changeset
1134 will fail to run it. If a user complains about that, you can respond,
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1135 ``That major mode fails to follow Emacs conventions, and that's why it
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1136 fails to work. Please fix the major mode.'' In most cases, that is
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1137 good enough, so go ahead and use @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}.
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1138 However, if a certain feature needs to be completely reliable,
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1139 it should not use @code{after-change-major-mode-hook} as of yet.
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1140
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1141 When you defined a major mode using @code{define-derived-mode}, it
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1142 automatically makes sure these conventions are followed. If you
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1143 define a major mode ``from scratch'', not using
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1144 @code{define-derived-mode}, make sure the major mode command follows
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1145 these and other conventions. @xref{Major Mode Conventions}. You use
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1146 these functions to do it properly.
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1147
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1148 @defun run-mode-hooks &rest hookvars
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1149 Major modes should run their mode hook using this function. It is
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1150 similar to @code{run-hooks} (@pxref{Hooks}), but it also runs
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1151 @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}.
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1152
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1153 When the call to this function is dynamically inside a
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1154 @code{delay-mode-hooks} form, this function does not run any hooks.
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1155 Instead, it arranges for the next call to @code{run-mode-hooks} to run
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1156 @var{hookvars}.
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1157 @end defun
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1158
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1159 @defmac delay-mode-hooks body...
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1160 This macro executes @var{body} like @code{progn}, but all calls to
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1161 @code{run-mode-hooks} inside @var{body} delay running their hooks.
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1162 They will be run by the first call to @code{run-mode-hooks} after exit
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1163 from @code{delay-mode-hooks}. This is the proper way for a major mode
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1164 command to invoke its parent mode.
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1165 @end defmac
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1166
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1167 @defvar after-change-major-mode-hook
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1168 Every major mode function should run this normal hook at its very end.
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1169 It normally does not need to do so explicitly. Indeed, a major mode
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1170 function should normally run its mode hook with @code{run-mode-hooks}
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1171 as the very last thing it does, and the last thing
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
1172 @code{run-mode-hooks} does is run @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}.
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1173 @end defvar
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
1174
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1175 @node Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1176 @section Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1177 @cindex minor mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1178
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1179 A @dfn{minor mode} provides features that users may enable or disable
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1180 independently of the choice of major mode. Minor modes can be enabled
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1181 individually or in combination. Minor modes would be better named
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1182 ``generally available, optional feature modes,'' except that such a name
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1183 would be unwieldy.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1184
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1185 A minor mode is not usually meant as a variation of a single major mode.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1186 Usually they are general and can apply to many major modes. For
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1187 example, Auto Fill mode works with any major mode that permits text
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1188 insertion. To be general, a minor mode must be effectively independent
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1189 of the things major modes do.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1190
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1191 A minor mode is often much more difficult to implement than a major
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1192 mode. One reason is that you should be able to activate and deactivate
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1193 minor modes in any order. A minor mode should be able to have its
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1194 desired effect regardless of the major mode and regardless of the other
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1195 minor modes in effect.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1196
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1197 Often the biggest problem in implementing a minor mode is finding a
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1198 way to insert the necessary hook into the rest of Emacs. Minor mode
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1199 keymaps make this easier than it used to be.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1200
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1201 @defvar minor-mode-list
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1202 The value of this variable is a list of all minor mode commands.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1203 @end defvar
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1204
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1205 @menu
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1206 * Minor Mode Conventions:: Tips for writing a minor mode.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1207 * Keymaps and Minor Modes:: How a minor mode can have its own keymap.
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1208 * Defining Minor Modes:: A convenient facility for defining minor modes.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1209 @end menu
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1210
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1211 @node Minor Mode Conventions
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1212 @subsection Conventions for Writing Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1213 @cindex minor mode conventions
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1214 @cindex conventions for writing minor modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1215
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1216 There are conventions for writing minor modes just as there are for
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1217 major modes. Several of the major mode conventions apply to minor
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1218 modes as well: those regarding the name of the mode initialization
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1219 function, the names of global symbols, and the use of keymaps and
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1220 other tables.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1221
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1222 In addition, there are several conventions that are specific to
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1223 minor modes. (The easiest way to follow all the conventions is to use
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1224 the macro @code{define-minor-mode}; @ref{Defining Minor Modes}.)
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1225
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1226 @itemize @bullet
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1227 @item
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1228 @cindex mode variable
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1229 Make a variable whose name ends in @samp{-mode} to control the minor
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1230 mode. We call this the @dfn{mode variable}. The minor mode command
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1231 should set this variable (@code{nil} to disable; anything else to
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1232 enable).
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1233
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1234 If possible, implement the mode so that setting the variable
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1235 automatically enables or disables the mode. Then the minor mode command
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1236 does not need to do anything except set the variable.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1237
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1238 This variable is used in conjunction with the @code{minor-mode-alist} to
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1239 display the minor mode name in the mode line. It can also enable
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1240 or disable a minor mode keymap. Individual commands or hooks can also
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1241 check the variable's value.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1242
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1243 If you want the minor mode to be enabled separately in each buffer,
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1244 make the variable buffer-local.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1245
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1246 @item
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1247 Define a command whose name is the same as the mode variable.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1248 Its job is to enable and disable the mode by setting the variable.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1249
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1250 The command should accept one optional argument. If the argument is
51794
8a7816e7f5bd (Minor Mode Conventions): Specify only some kinds
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51703
diff changeset
1251 @code{nil}, it should toggle the mode (turn it on if it is off, and
8a7816e7f5bd (Minor Mode Conventions): Specify only some kinds
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51703
diff changeset
1252 off if it is on). It should turn the mode on if the argument is a
8a7816e7f5bd (Minor Mode Conventions): Specify only some kinds
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51703
diff changeset
1253 positive integer, the symbol @code{t}, or a list whose @sc{car} is one
8a7816e7f5bd (Minor Mode Conventions): Specify only some kinds
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51703
diff changeset
1254 of those. It should turn the mode off if the argument is a negative
55831
3d0a4333d97a (Minor Mode Conventions): (-) has no special meaning
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 55687
diff changeset
1255 integer or zero, the symbol @code{-}, or a list whose @sc{car} is a
3d0a4333d97a (Minor Mode Conventions): (-) has no special meaning
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 55687
diff changeset
1256 negative integer or zero. The meaning of other arguments is not
3d0a4333d97a (Minor Mode Conventions): (-) has no special meaning
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 55687
diff changeset
1257 specified.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1258
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1259 Here is an example taken from the definition of @code{transient-mark-mode}.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1260 It shows the use of @code{transient-mark-mode} as a variable that enables or
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1261 disables the mode's behavior, and also shows the proper way to toggle,
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1262 enable or disable the minor mode based on the raw prefix argument value.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1263
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1264 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1265 @group
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1266 (setq transient-mark-mode
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1267 (if (null arg) (not transient-mark-mode)
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1268 (> (prefix-numeric-value arg) 0)))
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1269 @end group
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1270 @end smallexample
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1271
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1272 @item
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1273 Add an element to @code{minor-mode-alist} for each minor mode
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1274 (@pxref{Definition of minor-mode-alist}), if you want to indicate the
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1275 minor mode in the mode line. This element should be a list of the
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1276 following form:
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1278 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279 (@var{mode-variable} @var{string})
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1280 @end smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1281
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1282 Here @var{mode-variable} is the variable that controls enabling of the
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1283 minor mode, and @var{string} is a short string, starting with a space,
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1284 to represent the mode in the mode line. These strings must be short so
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1285 that there is room for several of them at once.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1286
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1287 When you add an element to @code{minor-mode-alist}, use @code{assq} to
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1288 check for an existing element, to avoid duplication. For example:
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1289
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1290 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1291 @group
25875
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1292 (unless (assq 'leif-mode minor-mode-alist)
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1293 (setq minor-mode-alist
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1294 (cons '(leif-mode " Leif") minor-mode-alist)))
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1295 @end group
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1296 @end smallexample
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1297
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1298 @noindent
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1299 or like this, using @code{add-to-list} (@pxref{Setting Variables}):
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1300
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1301 @smallexample
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1302 @group
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1303 (add-to-list 'minor-mode-alist '(leif-mode " Leif"))
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1304 @end group
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1305 @end smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1306 @end itemize
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1307
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1308 Global minor modes distributed with Emacs should if possible support
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1309 enabling and disabling via Custom (@pxref{Customization}). To do this,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1310 the first step is to define the mode variable with @code{defcustom}, and
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1311 specify @code{:type boolean}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1312
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1313 If just setting the variable is not sufficient to enable the mode, you
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1314 should also specify a @code{:set} method which enables the mode by
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1315 invoking the mode command. Note in the variable's documentation string that
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1316 setting the variable other than via Custom may not take effect.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1317
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1318 Also mark the definition with an autoload cookie (@pxref{autoload cookie}),
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1319 and specify a @code{:require} so that customizing the variable will load
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1320 the library that defines the mode. This will copy suitable definitions
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1321 into @file{loaddefs.el} so that users can use @code{customize-option} to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1322 enable the mode. For example:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1323
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1324 @smallexample
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1325 @group
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1326
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1327 ;;;###autoload
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1328 (defcustom msb-mode nil
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1329 "Toggle msb-mode.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1330 Setting this variable directly does not take effect;
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1331 use either \\[customize] or the function `msb-mode'."
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1332 :set (lambda (symbol value)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1333 (msb-mode (or value 0)))
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1334 :initialize 'custom-initialize-default
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1335 :version "20.4"
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1336 :type 'boolean
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1337 :group 'msb
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1338 :require 'msb)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1339 @end group
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1340 @end smallexample
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1341
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1342 @node Keymaps and Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343 @subsection Keymaps and Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1344
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1345 Each minor mode can have its own keymap, which is active when the mode
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1346 is enabled. To set up a keymap for a minor mode, add an element to the
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1347 alist @code{minor-mode-map-alist}. @xref{Definition of minor-mode-map-alist}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1348
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1349 @cindex @code{self-insert-command}, minor modes
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1350 One use of minor mode keymaps is to modify the behavior of certain
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1351 self-inserting characters so that they do something else as well as
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1352 self-insert. In general, this is the only way to do that, since the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1353 facilities for customizing @code{self-insert-command} are limited to
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1354 special cases (designed for abbrevs and Auto Fill mode). (Do not try
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1355 substituting your own definition of @code{self-insert-command} for the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1356 standard one. The editor command loop handles this function specially.)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1357
17278
8ed8412c1ce7 Document key binding conventions for major modes and minor modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16432
diff changeset
1358 The key sequences bound in a minor mode should consist of @kbd{C-c}
8ed8412c1ce7 Document key binding conventions for major modes and minor modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16432
diff changeset
1359 followed by a punctuation character @emph{other than} @kbd{@{},
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1360 @kbd{@}}, @kbd{<}, @kbd{>}, @kbd{:}, and @kbd{;}. (Those few punctuation
17278
8ed8412c1ce7 Document key binding conventions for major modes and minor modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16432
diff changeset
1361 characters are reserved for major modes.)
8ed8412c1ce7 Document key binding conventions for major modes and minor modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16432
diff changeset
1362
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1363 @node Defining Minor Modes
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1364 @subsection Defining Minor Modes
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1365
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1366 The macro @code{define-minor-mode} offers a convenient way of
60220
77336d5f9a37 (Defining Minor Modes): define-minor-mode can be used to define global
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 59996
diff changeset
1367 implementing a mode in one self-contained definition.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1368
60230
d3a84cca7e73 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain that INIT-VALUE, LIGHTER, and KEYMAP
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 60220
diff changeset
1369 @defmac define-minor-mode mode doc [init-value [lighter [keymap]]] keyword-args... body...
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1370 @tindex define-minor-mode
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1371 This macro defines a new minor mode whose name is @var{mode} (a
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1372 symbol). It defines a command named @var{mode} to toggle the minor
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1373 mode, with @var{doc} as its documentation string. It also defines a
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1374 variable named @var{mode}, which is set to @code{t} or @code{nil} by
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1375 enabling or disabling the mode. The variable is initialized to
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1376 @var{init-value}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1377
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1378 The string @var{lighter} says what to display in the mode line
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1379 when the mode is enabled; if it is @code{nil}, the mode is not displayed
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1380 in the mode line.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1381
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1382 The optional argument @var{keymap} specifies the keymap for the minor mode.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1383 It can be a variable name, whose value is the keymap, or it can be an alist
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1384 specifying bindings in this form:
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1385
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1386 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1387 (@var{key-sequence} . @var{definition})
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1388 @end example
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1389
60230
d3a84cca7e73 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain that INIT-VALUE, LIGHTER, and KEYMAP
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 60220
diff changeset
1390 The above three arguments @var{init-value}, @var{lighter}, and
d3a84cca7e73 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain that INIT-VALUE, LIGHTER, and KEYMAP
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 60220
diff changeset
1391 @var{keymap} can be (partially) omitted when @var{keyword-args} are
d3a84cca7e73 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain that INIT-VALUE, LIGHTER, and KEYMAP
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 60220
diff changeset
1392 used. The @var{keyword-args} consist of keywords followed by
d3a84cca7e73 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain that INIT-VALUE, LIGHTER, and KEYMAP
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 60220
diff changeset
1393 corresponding values. A few keywords have special meanings:
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1394
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1395 @table @code
61322
8ac9a1a8591f (Defining Minor Modes): Document :group keyword argument and its
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61034
diff changeset
1396 @item :group @var{group}
8ac9a1a8591f (Defining Minor Modes): Document :group keyword argument and its
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61034
diff changeset
1397 Custom group name to use in all generated @code{defcustom} forms.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
1398 Defaults to @var{mode} without the possible trailing @samp{-mode}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
1399 @strong{Warning:} don't use this default group name unless you have
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
1400 written a @code{defgroup} to define that group properly. @xref{Group
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
1401 Definitions}.
61322
8ac9a1a8591f (Defining Minor Modes): Document :group keyword argument and its
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61034
diff changeset
1402
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1403 @item :global @var{global}
62329
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1404 If non-@code{nil} specifies that the minor mode should be global. By
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1405 default, minor modes defined with @code{define-minor-mode} are
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1406 buffer-local.
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1407
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1408 @item :init-value @var{init-value}
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1409 This is equivalent to specifying @var{init-value} positionally.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1410
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1411 @item :lighter @var{lighter}
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1412 This is equivalent to specifying @var{lighter} positionally.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1413
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1414 @item :keymap @var{keymap}
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1415 This is equivalent to specifying @var{keymap} positionally.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1416 @end table
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1417
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1418 Any other keyword arguments are passed passed directly to the
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1419 @code{defcustom} generated for the variable @var{mode}.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1420
62434
893818a65dc5 (Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62355
diff changeset
1421 The command named @var{mode} first performs the standard actions such
893818a65dc5 (Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62355
diff changeset
1422 as setting the variable named @var{mode} and then executes the
893818a65dc5 (Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62355
diff changeset
1423 @var{body} forms, if any. It finishes by running the mode hook
893818a65dc5 (Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62355
diff changeset
1424 variable @code{@var{mode}-hook}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1425 @end defmac
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1426
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1427 @findex easy-mmode-define-minor-mode
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1428 The name @code{easy-mmode-define-minor-mode} is an alias
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1429 for this macro.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1430
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1431 Here is an example of using @code{define-minor-mode}:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1432
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1433 @smallexample
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1434 (define-minor-mode hungry-mode
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1435 "Toggle Hungry mode.
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1436 With no argument, this command toggles the mode.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1437 Non-null prefix argument turns on the mode.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1438 Null prefix argument turns off the mode.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1439
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1440 When Hungry mode is enabled, the control delete key
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1441 gobbles all preceding whitespace except the last.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1442 See the command \\[hungry-electric-delete]."
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1443 ;; The initial value.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1444 nil
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1445 ;; The indicator for the mode line.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1446 " Hungry"
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1447 ;; The minor mode bindings.
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1448 '(("\C-\^?" . hungry-electric-delete))
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1449 :group 'hunger)
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1450 @end smallexample
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1451
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1452 @noindent
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1453 This defines a minor mode named ``Hungry mode'', a command named
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1454 @code{hungry-mode} to toggle it, a variable named @code{hungry-mode}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1455 which indicates whether the mode is enabled, and a variable named
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1456 @code{hungry-mode-map} which holds the keymap that is active when the
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1457 mode is enabled. It initializes the keymap with a key binding for
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1458 @kbd{C-@key{DEL}}. It puts the variable @code{hungry-mode} into
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1459 custom group @code{hunger}. There are no @var{body} forms---many
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1460 minor modes don't need any.
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1461
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1462 Here's an equivalent way to write it:
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1463
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1464 @smallexample
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1465 (define-minor-mode hungry-mode
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1466 "Toggle Hungry mode.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1467 With no argument, this command toggles the mode.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1468 Non-null prefix argument turns on the mode.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1469 Null prefix argument turns off the mode.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1470
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1471 When Hungry mode is enabled, the control delete key
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1472 gobbles all preceding whitespace except the last.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1473 See the command \\[hungry-electric-delete]."
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1474 ;; The initial value.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1475 :initial-value nil
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1476 ;; The indicator for the mode line.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1477 :lighter " Hungry"
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1478 ;; The minor mode bindings.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1479 :keymap
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1480 '(("\C-\^?" . hungry-electric-delete)
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1481 ("\C-\M-\^?"
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1482 . (lambda ()
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1483 (interactive)
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1484 (hungry-electric-delete t))))
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1485 :group 'hunger)
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1486 @end smallexample
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1487
62329
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1488 @defmac define-global-minor-mode global-mode mode turn-on keyword-args...
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1489 This defines a global minor mode named @var{global-mode} whose meaning
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1490 is to enable the buffer-local minor mode @var{mode} in every buffer.
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1491 To turn on the minor mode in a buffer, it uses the function
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1492 @var{turn-on}; to turn off the minor mode, it calls @code{mode} with
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1493 @minus{}1 as argument.
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1494
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1495 Use @code{:group @var{group}} in @var{keyword-args} to specify the
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1496 custom group for the mode variable of the global minor mode.
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1497 @end defmac
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1498
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1499 @node Mode Line Format
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1500 @section Mode-Line Format
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1501 @cindex mode line
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1502
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1503 Each Emacs window (aside from minibuffer windows) typically has a mode
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1504 line at the bottom, which displays status information about the buffer
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1505 displayed in the window. The mode line contains information about the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1506 buffer, such as its name, associated file, depth of recursive editing,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1507 and major and minor modes. A window can also have a @dfn{header
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1508 line}, which is much like the mode line but appears at the top of the
60450
abf7b131c9ab (Mode Line Format): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60230
diff changeset
1509 window.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1510
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1511 This section describes how to control the contents of the mode line
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1512 and header line. We include it in this chapter because much of the
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1513 information displayed in the mode line relates to the enabled major and
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1514 minor modes.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1515
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1516 @menu
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1517 * Mode Line Basics::
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1518 * Mode Line Data:: The data structure that controls the mode line.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1519 * Mode Line Variables:: Variables used in that data structure.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1520 * %-Constructs:: Putting information into a mode line.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1521 * Properties in Mode:: Using text properties in the mode line.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1522 * Header Lines:: Like a mode line, but at the top.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1523 * Emulating Mode Line:: Formatting text as the mode line would.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1524 @end menu
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1525
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1526 @node Mode Line Basics
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1527 @subsection Mode Line Basics
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1528
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1529 @code{mode-line-format} is a buffer-local variable that holds a
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1530 template used to display the mode line of the current buffer. All
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1531 windows for the same buffer use the same @code{mode-line-format}, so
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1532 their mode lines appear the same---except for scrolling percentages, and
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1533 line and column numbers, since those depend on point and on how the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1534 window is scrolled. @code{header-line-format} is used likewise for
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1535 header lines.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1536
42296
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1537 For efficiency, Emacs does not recompute the mode line and header
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1538 line of a window in every redisplay. It does so when circumstances
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1539 appear to call for it---for instance, if you change the window
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1540 configuration, switch buffers, narrow or widen the buffer, scroll, or
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1541 change the buffer's modification status. If you modify any of the
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1542 variables referenced by @code{mode-line-format} (@pxref{Mode Line
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1543 Variables}), or any other variables and data structures that affect
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1544 how text is displayed (@pxref{Display}), you may want to force an
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1545 update of the mode line so as to display the new information or
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1546 display it in the new way.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1547
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1548 @c Emacs 19 feature
52859
bc7fbf233421 (Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52841
diff changeset
1549 @defun force-mode-line-update &optional all
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1550 Force redisplay of the current buffer's mode line and header line.
42296
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1551 The next redisplay will update the mode line and header line based on
52859
bc7fbf233421 (Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52841
diff changeset
1552 the latest values of all relevant variables. With optional
bc7fbf233421 (Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52841
diff changeset
1553 non-@code{nil} @var{all}, force redisplay of all mode lines and header
bc7fbf233421 (Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52841
diff changeset
1554 lines.
42296
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1555
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1556 This function also forces recomputation of the menu bar menus
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1557 and the frame title.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1558 @end defun
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1559
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1560 The selected window's mode line is usually displayed in a different
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1561 color using the face @code{mode-line}. Other windows' mode lines
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1562 appear in the face @code{mode-line-inactive} instead. @xref{Faces}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1563
42866
03dd2df2b595 (Mode Line Format): Short windows can suppress the mode line and header line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42296
diff changeset
1564 A window that is just one line tall does not display either a mode
03dd2df2b595 (Mode Line Format): Short windows can suppress the mode line and header line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42296
diff changeset
1565 line or a header line, even if the variables call for one. A window
03dd2df2b595 (Mode Line Format): Short windows can suppress the mode line and header line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42296
diff changeset
1566 that is two lines tall cannot display both a mode line and a header
03dd2df2b595 (Mode Line Format): Short windows can suppress the mode line and header line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42296
diff changeset
1567 line at once; if the variables call for both, only the mode line
03dd2df2b595 (Mode Line Format): Short windows can suppress the mode line and header line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42296
diff changeset
1568 actually appears.
03dd2df2b595 (Mode Line Format): Short windows can suppress the mode line and header line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 42296
diff changeset
1569
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1570 @node Mode Line Data
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1571 @subsection The Data Structure of the Mode Line
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1572 @cindex mode-line construct
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1573
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1574 The mode-line contents are controlled by a data structure of lists,
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1575 strings, symbols, and numbers kept in buffer-local variables. The data
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1576 structure is called a @dfn{mode-line construct}, and it is built in
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1577 recursive fashion out of simpler mode-line constructs. The same data
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1578 structure is used for constructing frame titles (@pxref{Frame Titles})
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1579 and header lines (@pxref{Header Lines}).
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1580
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1581 @defvar mode-line-format
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1582 The value of this variable is a mode-line construct with overall
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1583 responsibility for the mode-line format. The value of this variable
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1584 controls which other variables are used to form the mode-line text, and
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1585 where they appear.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1586
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1587 If you set this variable to @code{nil} in a buffer, that buffer does not
60450
abf7b131c9ab (Mode Line Format): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60230
diff changeset
1588 have a mode line.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1589 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1590
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1591 A mode-line construct may be as simple as a fixed string of text, but
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1592 it usually specifies how to use other variables to construct the text.
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1593 Many of these variables are themselves defined to have mode-line
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1594 constructs as their values.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1595
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1596 The default value of @code{mode-line-format} incorporates the values
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1597 of variables such as @code{mode-line-position} and
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1598 @code{mode-line-modes} (which in turn incorporates the values of the
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1599 variables @code{mode-name} and @code{minor-mode-alist}). Because of
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1600 this, very few modes need to alter @code{mode-line-format} itself. For
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1601 most purposes, it is sufficient to alter some of the variables that
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1602 @code{mode-line-format} either directly or indirectly refers to.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1603
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1604 A mode-line construct may be a list, a symbol, or a string. If the
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1605 value is a list, each element may be a list, a symbol, or a string.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1606
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1607 The mode line can display various faces, if the strings that control
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1608 it have the @code{face} property. @xref{Properties in Mode}. In
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1609 addition, the face @code{mode-line} is used as a default for the whole
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1610 mode line (@pxref{Standard Faces}).
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1611
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1612 @table @code
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1613 @cindex percent symbol in mode line
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1614 @item @var{string}
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1615 A string as a mode-line construct is displayed verbatim in the mode line
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1616 except for @dfn{@code{%}-constructs}. Decimal digits after the @samp{%}
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1617 specify the field width for space filling on the right (i.e., the data
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1618 is left justified). @xref{%-Constructs}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1619
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1620 @item @var{symbol}
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1621 A symbol as a mode-line construct stands for its value. The value of
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1622 @var{symbol} is used as a mode-line construct, in place of @var{symbol}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1623 However, the symbols @code{t} and @code{nil} are ignored, as is any
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1624 symbol whose value is void.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1625
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1626 There is one exception: if the value of @var{symbol} is a string, it is
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1627 displayed verbatim: the @code{%}-constructs are not recognized.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1628
52663
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1629 Unless @var{symbol} is marked as ``risky'' (i.e., it has a
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1630 non-@code{nil} @code{risky-local-variable} property), all properties in
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1631 any strings, as well as all @code{:eval} and @code{:propertize} forms in
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1632 the value of that symbol will be ignored.
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1633
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1634 @item (@var{string} @var{rest}@dots{}) @r{or} (@var{list} @var{rest}@dots{})
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1635 A list whose first element is a string or list means to process all the
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1636 elements recursively and concatenate the results. This is the most
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1637 common form of mode-line construct.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1638
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1639 @item (:eval @var{form})
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1640 A list whose first element is the symbol @code{:eval} says to evaluate
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1641 @var{form}, and use the result as a string to display. Make sure this
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1642 evaluation cannot load any files, as doing so could cause infinite
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1643 recursion.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1644
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1645 @item (:propertize @var{elt} @var{props}@dots{})
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1646 A list whose first element is the symbol @code{:propertize} says to
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1647 process the mode-line construct @var{elt} recursively and add the text
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1648 properties specified by @var{props} to the result. The argument
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1649 @var{props} should consist of zero or more pairs @var{text-property}
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59963
diff changeset
1650 @var{value}. (This feature is new as of Emacs 22.1.)
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1651
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1652 @item (@var{symbol} @var{then} @var{else})
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1653 A list whose first element is a symbol that is not a keyword specifies a
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1654 conditional. Its meaning depends on the value of @var{symbol}. If the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1655 value is non-@code{nil}, the second element, @var{then}, is processed
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1656 recursively as a mode-line element. But if the value of @var{symbol} is
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1657 @code{nil}, the third element, @var{else}, is processed recursively.
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1658 You may omit @var{else}; then the mode-line element displays nothing if
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1659 the value of @var{symbol} is @code{nil}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1660
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1661 @item (@var{width} @var{rest}@dots{})
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1662 A list whose first element is an integer specifies truncation or
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1663 padding of the results of @var{rest}. The remaining elements
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1664 @var{rest} are processed recursively as mode-line constructs and
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1665 concatenated together. When @var{width} is positive, the result is
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1666 space filled on the right if its width is less than @var{width}. When
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1667 @var{width} is negative, the result is truncated on the right to
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1668 @minus{}@var{width} columns if its width exceeds @minus{}@var{width}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1669
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1670 For example, the usual way to show what percentage of a buffer is above
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1671 the top of the window is to use a list like this: @code{(-3 "%p")}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1672 @end table
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1673
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1674 If you do alter @code{mode-line-format} itself, the new value should
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1675 use the same variables that appear in the default value (@pxref{Mode
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1676 Line Variables}), rather than duplicating their contents or displaying
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1677 the information in another fashion. This way, customizations made by
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1678 the user or by Lisp programs (such as @code{display-time} and major
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1679 modes) via changes to those variables remain effective.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1680
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1681 @cindex Shell mode @code{mode-line-format}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1682 Here is an example of a @code{mode-line-format} that might be
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1683 useful for @code{shell-mode}, since it contains the host name and default
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1684 directory.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1685
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1686 @example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1687 @group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1688 (setq mode-line-format
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1689 (list "-"
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1690 'mode-line-mule-info
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1691 'mode-line-modified
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1692 'mode-line-frame-identification
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1693 "%b--"
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1694 @end group
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1695 @group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1696 ;; @r{Note that this is evaluated while making the list.}
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1697 ;; @r{It makes a mode-line construct which is just a string.}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1698 (getenv "HOST")
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1699 @end group
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1700 ":"
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1701 'default-directory
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1702 " "
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1703 'global-mode-string
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1704 " %[("
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1705 '(:eval (mode-line-mode-name))
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1706 'mode-line-process
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1707 'minor-mode-alist
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1708 "%n"
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1709 ")%]--"
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1710 @group
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1711 '(which-func-mode ("" which-func-format "--"))
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1712 '(line-number-mode "L%l--")
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1713 '(column-number-mode "C%c--")
52663
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1714 '(-3 "%p")
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1715 "-%-"))
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1716 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1717 @end example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1718
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1719 @noindent
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1720 (The variables @code{line-number-mode}, @code{column-number-mode}
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1721 and @code{which-func-mode} enable particular minor modes; as usual,
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1722 these variable names are also the minor mode command names.)
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1723
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8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1724 @node Mode Line Variables
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1725 @subsection Variables Used in the Mode Line
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1726
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1727 This section describes variables incorporated by the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1728 standard value of @code{mode-line-format} into the text of the mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1729 line. There is nothing inherently special about these variables; any
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1730 other variables could have the same effects on the mode line if
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1731 @code{mode-line-format} were changed to use them.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1732
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1733 @defvar mode-line-mule-info
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1734 This variable holds the value of the mode-line construct that displays
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1735 information about the language environment, buffer coding system, and
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1736 current input method. @xref{Non-ASCII Characters}.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1737 @end defvar
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1738
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1739 @defvar mode-line-modified
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1740 This variable holds the value of the mode-line construct that displays
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1741 whether the current buffer is modified.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1742
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1743 The default value of @code{mode-line-modified} is @code{("%1*%1+")}.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1744 This means that the mode line displays @samp{**} if the buffer is
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1745 modified, @samp{--} if the buffer is not modified, @samp{%%} if the
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1746 buffer is read only, and @samp{%*} if the buffer is read only and
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1747 modified.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1748
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1749 Changing this variable does not force an update of the mode line.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1750 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1751
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1752 @defvar mode-line-frame-identification
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1753 This variable identifies the current frame. The default value is
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1754 @code{" "} if you are using a window system which can show multiple
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1755 frames, or @code{"-%F "} on an ordinary terminal which shows only one
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1756 frame at a time.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1757 @end defvar
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1758
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1759 @defvar mode-line-buffer-identification
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1760 This variable identifies the buffer being displayed in the window. Its
22267
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1761 default value is @code{("%12b")}, which displays the buffer name, padded
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1762 with spaces to at least 12 columns.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1763 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1764
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1765 @defvar mode-line-position
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1766 This variable indicates the position in the buffer. Here is a
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1767 simplified version of its default value. The actual default value
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1768 also specifies addition of the @code{help-echo} text property.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1769
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1770 @example
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1771 @group
52663
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1772 ((-3 "%p")
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1773 (size-indication-mode (8 " of %I"))
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1774 @end group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1775 @group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1776 (line-number-mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1777 ((column-number-mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1778 (10 " (%l,%c)")
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1779 (6 " L%l")))
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1780 ((column-number-mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1781 (5 " C%c")))))
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1782 @end group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1783 @end example
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1784
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1785 This means that @code{mode-line-position} displays at least the buffer
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1786 percentage and possibly the buffer size, the line number and the column
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1787 number.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1788 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1789
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1790 @defvar vc-mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1791 The variable @code{vc-mode}, buffer-local in each buffer, records
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1792 whether the buffer's visited file is maintained with version control,
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1793 and, if so, which kind. Its value is a string that appears in the mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1794 line, or @code{nil} for no version control.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1795 @end defvar
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1796
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1797 @defvar mode-line-modes
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1798 This variable displays the buffer's major and minor modes. Here is a
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1799 simplified version of its default value. The real default value also
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1800 specifies addition of text properties.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1801
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1802 @example
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1803 @group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1804 ("%[(" mode-name
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1805 mode-line-process minor-mode-alist
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1806 "%n" ")%]--")
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1807 @end group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1808 @end example
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1809
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1810 So @code{mode-line-modes} normally also displays the recursive editing
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1811 level, information on the process status and whether narrowing is in
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1812 effect.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1813 @end defvar
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1814
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1815 The following three variables are used in @code{mode-line-modes}:
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1816
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1817 @defvar mode-name
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1818 This buffer-local variable holds the ``pretty'' name of the current
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1819 buffer's major mode. Each major mode should set this variable so that the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1820 mode name will appear in the mode line.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1821 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1822
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74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1823 @defvar mode-line-process
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1824 This buffer-local variable contains the mode-line information on process
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1825 status in modes used for communicating with subprocesses. It is
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1826 displayed immediately following the major mode name, with no intervening
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1827 space. For example, its value in the @samp{*shell*} buffer is
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1828 @code{(":%s")}, which allows the shell to display its status along
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1829 with the major mode as: @samp{(Shell:run)}. Normally this variable
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1830 is @code{nil}.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1831 @end defvar
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1832
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8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1833 @defvar minor-mode-alist
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1834 @anchor{Definition of minor-mode-alist}
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6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1835 This variable holds an association list whose elements specify how the
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1836 mode line should indicate that a minor mode is active. Each element of
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1837 the @code{minor-mode-alist} should be a two-element list:
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1838
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1839 @example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1840 (@var{minor-mode-variable} @var{mode-line-string})
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1841 @end example
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1842
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1843 More generally, @var{mode-line-string} can be any mode-line spec. It
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1844 appears in the mode line when the value of @var{minor-mode-variable}
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1845 is non-@code{nil}, and not otherwise. These strings should begin with
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1846 spaces so that they don't run together. Conventionally, the
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1847 @var{minor-mode-variable} for a specific mode is set to a
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1848 non-@code{nil} value when that minor mode is activated.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1849
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 17278
diff changeset
1850 @code{minor-mode-alist} itself is not buffer-local. Each variable
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1851 mentioned in the alist should be buffer-local if its minor mode can be
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1852 enabled separately in each buffer.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1853 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1854
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1855 @defvar global-mode-string
55508
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1856 This variable holds a mode-line spec that, by default, appears in the
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1857 mode line just after the @code{which-func-mode} minor mode if set,
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1858 else after @code{mode-line-modes}. The command @code{display-time}
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1859 sets @code{global-mode-string} to refer to the variable
55508
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1860 @code{display-time-string}, which holds a string containing the time
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1861 and load information.
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1862
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1863 The @samp{%M} construct substitutes the value of
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1864 @code{global-mode-string}, but that is obsolete, since the variable is
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1865 included in the mode line from @code{mode-line-format}.
25875
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1866 @end defvar
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1867
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1868 The variable @code{default-mode-line-format} is where
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1869 @code{mode-line-format} usually gets its value:
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1870
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1871 @defvar default-mode-line-format
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 6451
diff changeset
1872 This variable holds the default @code{mode-line-format} for buffers
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1873 that do not override it. This is the same as @code{(default-value
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1874 'mode-line-format)}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1875
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1876 Here is a simplified version of the default value of
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1877 @code{default-mode-line-format}. The real default value also
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1878 specifies addition of text properties.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1879
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1880 @example
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parents:
diff changeset
1881 @group
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66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 17278
diff changeset
1882 ("-"
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diff changeset
1883 mode-line-mule-info
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1884 mode-line-modified
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parents: 17278
diff changeset
1885 mode-line-frame-identification
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1886 mode-line-buffer-identification
21007
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parents: 17278
diff changeset
1887 @end group
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1888 " "
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1889 mode-line-position
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1890 (vc-mode vc-mode)
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1891 " "
21007
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diff changeset
1892 @group
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
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parents: 52463
diff changeset
1893 mode-line-modes
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 17278
diff changeset
1894 (which-func-mode ("" which-func-format "--"))
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1895 (global-mode-string ("--" global-mode-string))
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1896 "-%-")
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1897 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1898 @end example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1899 @end defvar
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parents:
diff changeset
1900
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1901 @node %-Constructs
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parents:
diff changeset
1902 @subsection @code{%}-Constructs in the Mode Line
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1903
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1904 The following table lists the recognized @code{%}-constructs and what
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 6451
diff changeset
1905 they mean. In any construct except @samp{%%}, you can add a decimal
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1906 integer after the @samp{%} to specify a minimum field width. If the
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1907 width is less, the field is padded with spaces to the right.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1908
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parents:
diff changeset
1909 @table @code
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1910 @item %b
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1911 The current buffer name, obtained with the @code{buffer-name} function.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1912 @xref{Buffer Names}.
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parents:
diff changeset
1913
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diff changeset
1914 @item %c
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1915 The current column number of point.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1916
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1917 @item %f
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1918 The visited file name, obtained with the @code{buffer-file-name}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1919 function. @xref{Buffer File Name}.
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parents:
diff changeset
1920
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diff changeset
1921 @item %F
21682
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
1922 The title (only on a window system) or the name of the selected frame.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
1923 @xref{Window Frame Parameters}.
12067
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 8960
diff changeset
1924
52463
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1925 @item %i
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1926 The size of the accessible part of the current buffer; basically
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1927 @code{(- (point-max) (point-min))}.
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1928
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1929 @item %I
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1930 Like @samp{%i}, but the size is printed in a more readable way by using
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1931 @samp{k} for 10^3, @samp{M} for 10^6, @samp{G} for 10^9, etc., to
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1932 abbreviate.
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1933
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diff changeset
1934 @item %l
25751
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parents: 24934
diff changeset
1935 The current line number of point, counting within the accessible portion
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 24934
diff changeset
1936 of the buffer.
12067
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1937
25875
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diff changeset
1938 @item %n
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1939 @samp{Narrow} when narrowing is in effect; nothing otherwise (see
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1940 @code{narrow-to-region} in @ref{Narrowing}).
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1941
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1942 @item %p
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1943 The percentage of the buffer text above the @strong{top} of window, or
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1944 @samp{Top}, @samp{Bottom} or @samp{All}. Note that the default
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1945 mode-line specification truncates this to three characters.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1946
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1947 @item %P
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1948 The percentage of the buffer text that is above the @strong{bottom} of
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1949 the window (which includes the text visible in the window, as well as
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1950 the text above the top), plus @samp{Top} if the top of the buffer is
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1951 visible on screen; or @samp{Bottom} or @samp{All}.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1952
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1953 @item %s
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1954 The status of the subprocess belonging to the current buffer, obtained with
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1955 @code{process-status}. @xref{Process Information}.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1956
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1957 @item %t
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1958 Whether the visited file is a text file or a binary file. This is a
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1959 meaningful distinction only on certain operating systems (@pxref{MS-DOS
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1960 File Types}).
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1961
6451
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parents:
diff changeset
1962 @item %*
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1963 @samp{%} if the buffer is read only (see @code{buffer-read-only}); @*
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1964 @samp{*} if the buffer is modified (see @code{buffer-modified-p}); @*
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1965 @samp{-} otherwise. @xref{Buffer Modification}.
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parents:
diff changeset
1966
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parents:
diff changeset
1967 @item %+
12067
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1968 @samp{*} if the buffer is modified (see @code{buffer-modified-p}); @*
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1969 @samp{%} if the buffer is read only (see @code{buffer-read-only}); @*
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1970 @samp{-} otherwise. This differs from @samp{%*} only for a modified
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1971 read-only buffer. @xref{Buffer Modification}.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1972
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1973 @item %&
7253
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parents: 6451
diff changeset
1974 @samp{*} if the buffer is modified, and @samp{-} otherwise.
6451
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parents:
diff changeset
1975
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1976 @item %[
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1977 An indication of the depth of recursive editing levels (not counting
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1978 minibuffer levels): one @samp{[} for each editing level.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1979 @xref{Recursive Editing}.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1980
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1981 @item %]
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1982 One @samp{]} for each recursive editing level (not counting minibuffer
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1983 levels).
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1984
25875
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1985 @item %-
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1986 Dashes sufficient to fill the remainder of the mode line.
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
1987
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1988 @item %%
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1989 The character @samp{%}---this is how to include a literal @samp{%} in a
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1990 string in which @code{%}-constructs are allowed.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1991 @end table
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1992
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1993 The following two @code{%}-constructs are still supported, but they are
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1994 obsolete, since you can get the same results with the variables
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1995 @code{mode-name} and @code{global-mode-string}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1996
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1997 @table @code
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1998 @item %m
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1999 The value of @code{mode-name}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2000
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2001 @item %M
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2002 The value of @code{global-mode-string}. Currently, only
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2003 @code{display-time} modifies the value of @code{global-mode-string}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2004 @end table
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2005
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2006 @node Properties in Mode
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2007 @subsection Properties in the Mode Line
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2008 @cindex text properties in the mode line
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2009
60450
abf7b131c9ab (Mode Line Format): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60230
diff changeset
2010 Certain text properties are meaningful in the
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2011 mode line. The @code{face} property affects the appearance of text; the
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
2012 @code{help-echo} property associates help strings with the text, and
29102
ba9cfbfc601e *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29076
diff changeset
2013 @code{local-map} can make the text mouse-sensitive.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2014
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2015 There are four ways to specify text properties for text in the mode
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2016 line:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2017
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2018 @enumerate
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2019 @item
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2020 Put a string with a text property directly into the mode-line data
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2021 structure.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2022
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2023 @item
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2024 Put a text property on a mode-line %-construct such as @samp{%12b}; then
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2025 the expansion of the %-construct will have that same text property.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2026
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2027 @item
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2028 Use a @code{(:propertize @var{elt} @var{props}@dots{})} construct to
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2029 give @var{elt} a text property specified by @var{props}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2030
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2031 @item
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2032 Use a list containing @code{:eval @var{form}} in the mode-line data
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2033 structure, and make @var{form} evaluate to a string that has a text
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2034 property.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2035 @end enumerate
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2036
29102
ba9cfbfc601e *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29076
diff changeset
2037 You use the @code{local-map} property to specify a keymap. Like any
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2038 keymap, it can bind character keys and function keys; but that has no
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2039 effect, since it is impossible to move point into the mode line. This
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2040 keymap can only take real effect for mouse clicks.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2041
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2042 When the mode line refers to a variable which does not have a
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2043 non-@code{nil} @code{risky-local-variable} property, any text
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2044 properties given or specified within that variable's values are
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2045 ignored. This is because such properties could otherwise specify
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2046 functions to be called, and those functions could come from file
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2047 local variables.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2048
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2049 @node Header Lines
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2050 @subsection Window Header Lines
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2051 @cindex header line (of a window)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2052 @cindex window header line
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2053
60450
abf7b131c9ab (Mode Line Format): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60230
diff changeset
2054 A window can have a @dfn{header line} at the
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2055 top, just as it can have a mode line at the bottom. The header line
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2056 feature works just like the mode-line feature, except that it's
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2057 controlled by different variables.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2058
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2059 @tindex header-line-format
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2060 @defvar header-line-format
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2061 This variable, local in every buffer, specifies how to display the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2062 header line, for windows displaying the buffer. The format of the value
26783
626ae4bb4994 Fix makeinfo complaints.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26696
diff changeset
2063 is the same as for @code{mode-line-format} (@pxref{Mode Line Data}).
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2064 @end defvar
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2065
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2066 @tindex default-header-line-format
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2067 @defvar default-header-line-format
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2068 This variable holds the default @code{header-line-format} for buffers
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2069 that do not override it. This is the same as @code{(default-value
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2070 'header-line-format)}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2071
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2072 It is normally @code{nil}, so that ordinary buffers have no header line.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2073 @end defvar
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2074
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2075 @node Emulating Mode Line
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2076 @subsection Emulating Mode-Line Formatting
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2077
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2078 You can use the function @code{format-mode-line} to compute
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2079 the text that would appear in a mode line or header line
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
2080 based on a certain mode-line specification.
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2081
59516
f50d20947c20 (Emulating Mode Line): Update format-mode-line entry.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59492
diff changeset
2082 @defun format-mode-line format &optional face window buffer
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2083 This function formats a line of text according to @var{format} as if
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2084 it were generating the mode line for @var{window}, but instead of
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2085 displaying the text in the mode line or the header line, it returns
59389
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2086 the text as a string. The argument @var{window} defaults to the
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2087 selected window. If @var{buffer} is non-@code{nil}, all the
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2088 information used is taken from @var{buffer}; by default, it comes from
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2089 @var{window}'s buffer.
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2090
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2091 The value string normally has text properties that correspond to the
59492
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2092 faces, keymaps, etc., that the mode line would have. And any character
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2093 for which no @code{face} property is specified gets a default
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2094 value which is usually @var{face}. (If @var{face} is @code{t},
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2095 that stands for either @code{mode-line} if @var{window} is selected,
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
2096 otherwise @code{mode-line-inactive}. If @var{face} is @code{nil} or
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
2097 omitted, that stands for no face property.)
59492
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2098
59516
f50d20947c20 (Emulating Mode Line): Update format-mode-line entry.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59492
diff changeset
2099 However, if @var{face} is an integer, the value has no text properties.
59389
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2100
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2101 For example, @code{(format-mode-line header-line-format)} returns the
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2102 text that would appear in the selected window's header line (@code{""}
59492
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2103 if it has no header line). @code{(format-mode-line header-line-format
59516
f50d20947c20 (Emulating Mode Line): Update format-mode-line entry.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59492
diff changeset
2104 'header-line)} returns the same text, with each character
59492
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2105 carrying the face that it will have in the header line itself.
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2106 @end defun
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2107
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2108 @node Imenu
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2109 @section Imenu
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2110
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2111 @cindex Imenu
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2112 @dfn{Imenu} is a feature that lets users select a definition or
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2113 section in the buffer, from a menu which lists all of them, to go
52001
b96d92c96bd1 (Imenu): Add xref to Emacs Manual node on Imenu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51917
diff changeset
2114 directly to that location in the buffer. Imenu works by constructing
b96d92c96bd1 (Imenu): Add xref to Emacs Manual node on Imenu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51917
diff changeset
2115 a buffer index which lists the names and buffer positions of the
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2116 definitions, or other named portions of the buffer; then the user can
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2117 choose one of them and move point to it. Major modes can add a menu
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2118 bar item to use Imenu using @code{imenu-add-to-menubar}.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2119
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2120 @defun imenu-add-to-menubar name
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2121 This function defines a local menu bar item named @var{name}
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2122 to run Imenu.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2123 @end defun
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2124
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2125 The user-level commands for using Imenu are described in the Emacs
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2126 Manual (@pxref{Imenu,, Imenu, emacs, the Emacs Manual}). This section
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2127 explains how to customize Imenu's method of finding definitions or
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2128 buffer portions for a particular major mode.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2129
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2130 The usual and simplest way is to set the variable
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2131 @code{imenu-generic-expression}:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2132
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2133 @defvar imenu-generic-expression
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2134 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, is a list that specifies regular
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2135 expressions for finding definitions for Imenu. Simple elements of
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2136 @code{imenu-generic-expression} look like this:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2137
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2138 @example
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2139 (@var{menu-title} @var{regexp} @var{index})
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2140 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2141
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2142 Here, if @var{menu-title} is non-@code{nil}, it says that the matches
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2143 for this element should go in a submenu of the buffer index;
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2144 @var{menu-title} itself specifies the name for the submenu. If
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2145 @var{menu-title} is @code{nil}, the matches for this element go directly
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2146 in the top level of the buffer index.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2147
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2148 The second item in the list, @var{regexp}, is a regular expression
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2149 (@pxref{Regular Expressions}); anything in the buffer that it matches
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2150 is considered a definition, something to mention in the buffer index.
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2151 The third item, @var{index}, is a non-negative integer that indicates
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2152 which subexpression in @var{regexp} matches the definition's name.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2153
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2154 An element can also look like this:
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2155
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2156 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2157 (@var{menu-title} @var{regexp} @var{index} @var{function} @var{arguments}@dots{})
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2158 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2159
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2160 Like in the previous case, each match for this element creates an
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2161 index item. However, if this index item is selected by the user, it
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2162 calls @var{function} with arguments consisting of the item name, the
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2163 buffer position, and @var{arguments}.
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2164
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2165 For Emacs Lisp mode, @code{imenu-generic-expression} could look like
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2166 this:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2167
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2168 @c should probably use imenu-syntax-alist and \\sw rather than [-A-Za-z0-9+]
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2169 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2170 @group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2171 ((nil "^\\s-*(def\\(un\\|subst\\|macro\\|advice\\)\
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2172 \\s-+\\([-A-Za-z0-9+]+\\)" 2)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2173 @end group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2174 @group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2175 ("*Vars*" "^\\s-*(def\\(var\\|const\\)\
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2176 \\s-+\\([-A-Za-z0-9+]+\\)" 2)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2177 @end group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2178 @group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2179 ("*Types*"
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2180 "^\\s-*\
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2181 (def\\(type\\|struct\\|class\\|ine-condition\\)\
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2182 \\s-+\\([-A-Za-z0-9+]+\\)" 2))
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2183 @end group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2184 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2185
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2186 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2187 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2188
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2189 @defvar imenu-case-fold-search
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2190 This variable controls whether matching against the regular
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2191 expressions in the value of @code{imenu-generic-expression} is
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2192 case-sensitive: @code{t}, the default, means matching should ignore
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2193 case.
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2194
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2195 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2196 @end defvar
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2197
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2198 @defvar imenu-syntax-alist
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2199 This variable is an alist of syntax table modifiers to use while
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
2200 processing @code{imenu-generic-expression}, to override the syntax table
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
2201 of the current buffer. Each element should have this form:
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2202
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2203 @example
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2204 (@var{characters} . @var{syntax-description})
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2205 @end example
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2206
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2207 The @sc{car}, @var{characters}, can be either a character or a string.
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2208 The element says to give that character or characters the syntax
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2209 specified by @var{syntax-description}, which is passed to
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2210 @code{modify-syntax-entry} (@pxref{Syntax Table Functions}).
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2211
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2212 This feature is typically used to give word syntax to characters which
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2213 normally have symbol syntax, and thus to simplify
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2214 @code{imenu-generic-expression} and speed up matching.
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2215 For example, Fortran mode uses it this way:
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2216
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2217 @example
52001
b96d92c96bd1 (Imenu): Add xref to Emacs Manual node on Imenu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51917
diff changeset
2218 (setq imenu-syntax-alist '(("_$" . "w")))
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2219 @end example
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2220
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2221 The @code{imenu-generic-expression} regular expressions can then use
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2222 @samp{\\sw+} instead of @samp{\\(\\sw\\|\\s_\\)+}. Note that this
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2223 technique may be inconvenient when the mode needs to limit the initial
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2224 character of a name to a smaller set of characters than are allowed in
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2225 the rest of a name.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2226
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2227 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2228 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2229
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2230 Another way to customize Imenu for a major mode is to set the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2231 variables @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} and
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2232 @code{imenu-extract-index-name-function}:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2233
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2234 @defvar imenu-prev-index-position-function
27332
5cfe77eaff45 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
2235 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, its value should be a function that
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2236 finds the next ``definition'' to put in the buffer index, scanning
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2237 backward in the buffer from point. It should return @code{nil} if it
48700
df6767370b43 Fix typo.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 46914
diff changeset
2238 doesn't find another ``definition'' before point. Otherwise it should
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2239 leave point at the place it finds a ``definition,'' and return any
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2240 non-@code{nil} value.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2241
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2242 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2243 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2244
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2245 @defvar imenu-extract-index-name-function
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2246 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, its value should be a function to
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2247 return the name for a definition, assuming point is in that definition
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2248 as the @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} function would leave
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2249 it.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2250
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2251 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2252 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2253
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2254 The last way to customize Imenu for a major mode is to set the
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2255 variable @code{imenu-create-index-function}:
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2256
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2257 @defvar imenu-create-index-function
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2258 This variable specifies the function to use for creating a buffer
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2259 index. The function should take no arguments, and return an index
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2260 alist for the current buffer. It is called within
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2261 @code{save-excursion}, so where it leaves point makes no difference.
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2262
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2263 The index alist can have three types of elements. Simple elements
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2264 look like this:
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2265
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2266 @example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2267 (@var{index-name} . @var{index-position})
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2268 @end example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2269
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2270 Selecting a simple element has the effect of moving to position
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2271 @var{index-position} in the buffer. Special elements look like this:
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2272
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2273 @example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2274 (@var{index-name} @var{index-position} @var{function} @var{arguments}@dots{})
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2275 @end example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2276
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2277 Selecting a special element performs:
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2278
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2279 @example
52800
d738115b4197 (Faces for Font Lock): Fix typo.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52744
diff changeset
2280 (funcall @var{function}
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2281 @var{index-name} @var{index-position} @var{arguments}@dots{})
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2282 @end example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2283
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2284 A nested sub-alist element looks like this:
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2285
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2286 @example
52802
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2287 (@var{menu-title} @var{sub-alist})
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2288 @end example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2289
52802
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2290 It creates the submenu @var{menu-title} specified by @var{sub-alist}.
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2291
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2292 The default value of @code{imenu-create-index-function} is
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2293 @code{imenu-default-create-index-function}. This function uses
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2294 @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} and
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2295 @code{imenu-extract-index-name-function} to produce the index alist.
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2296 However, if either of these two variables is @code{nil}, the default
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2297 function uses @code{imenu-generic-expression} instead.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2298
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2299 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2300 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2301
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2302 @node Font Lock Mode
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2303 @section Font Lock Mode
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2304 @cindex Font Lock Mode
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2305
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2306 @dfn{Font Lock mode} is a feature that automatically attaches
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2307 @code{face} properties to certain parts of the buffer based on their
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2308 syntactic role. How it parses the buffer depends on the major mode;
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2309 most major modes define syntactic criteria for which faces to use in
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2310 which contexts. This section explains how to customize Font Lock for a
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2311 particular major mode.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2312
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2313 Font Lock mode finds text to highlight in two ways: through
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2314 syntactic parsing based on the syntax table, and through searching
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2315 (usually for regular expressions). Syntactic fontification happens
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2316 first; it finds comments and string constants and highlights them.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2317 Search-based fontification happens second.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2318
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2319 @menu
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2320 * Font Lock Basics:: Overview of customizing Font Lock.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2321 * Search-based Fontification:: Fontification based on regexps.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2322 * Other Font Lock Variables:: Additional customization facilities.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2323 * Levels of Font Lock:: Each mode can define alternative levels
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2324 so that the user can select more or less.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2325 * Precalculated Fontification:: How Lisp programs that produce the buffer
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2326 contents can also specify how to fontify it.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2327 * Faces for Font Lock:: Special faces specifically for Font Lock.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2328 * Syntactic Font Lock:: Fontification based on syntax tables.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2329 * Setting Syntax Properties:: Defining character syntax based on context
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2330 using the Font Lock mechanism.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2331 @end menu
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2332
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2333 @node Font Lock Basics
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2334 @subsection Font Lock Basics
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2335
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2336 There are several variables that control how Font Lock mode highlights
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2337 text. But major modes should not set any of these variables directly.
24934
f5e3b4ecd255 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 22274
diff changeset
2338 Instead, they should set @code{font-lock-defaults} as a buffer-local
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2339 variable. The value assigned to this variable is used, if and when Font
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2340 Lock mode is enabled, to set all the other variables.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2341
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2342 @defvar font-lock-defaults
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2343 This variable is set by major modes, as a buffer-local variable, to
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2344 specify how to fontify text in that mode. It automatically becomes
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2345 buffer-local when you set it. The value should look like this:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2346
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2347 @example
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2348 (@var{keywords} [@var{keywords-only} [@var{case-fold}
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2349 [@var{syntax-alist} [@var{syntax-begin} @var{other-vars}@dots{}]]]])
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2350 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2351
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2352 The first element, @var{keywords}, indirectly specifies the value of
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2353 @code{font-lock-keywords} which directs search-based fontification.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2354 It can be a symbol, a variable or a function whose value is the list
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2355 to use for @code{font-lock-keywords}. It can also be a list of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2356 several such symbols, one for each possible level of fontification.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2357 The first symbol specifies how to do level 1 fontification, the second
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2358 symbol how to do level 2, and so on. @xref{Levels of Font Lock}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2359
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2360 The second element, @var{keywords-only}, specifies the value of the
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2361 variable @code{font-lock-keywords-only}. If this is non-@code{nil},
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2362 syntactic fontification (of strings and comments) is not performed.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2363 @xref{Syntactic Font Lock}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2364
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2365 The third element, @var{case-fold}, specifies the value of
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2366 @code{font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search}. If it is non-@code{nil},
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2367 Font Lock mode ignores case when searching as directed by
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2368 @code{font-lock-keywords}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2369
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2370 If the fourth element, @var{syntax-alist}, is non-@code{nil}, it
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2371 should be a list of cons cells of the form @code{(@var{char-or-string}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2372 . @var{string})}. These are used to set up a syntax table for
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2373 syntactic fontification (@pxref{Syntax Table Functions}). The
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2374 resulting syntax table is stored in @code{font-lock-syntax-table}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2375
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2376 The fifth element, @var{syntax-begin}, specifies the value of
62652
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2377 @code{font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function}. We recommend setting
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2378 this variable to @code{nil} and using @code{syntax-begin-function}
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2379 instead.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2380
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2381 All the remaining elements (if any) are collectively called
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2382 @var{other-vars}. Each of these elements should have the form
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2383 @code{(@var{variable} . @var{value})}---which means, make
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2384 @var{variable} buffer-local and then set it to @var{value}. You can
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2385 use these @var{other-vars} to set other variables that affect
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2386 fontification, aside from those you can control with the first five
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2387 elements. @xref{Other Font Lock Variables}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2388 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2389
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2390 @node Search-based Fontification
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2391 @subsection Search-based Fontification
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2392
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2393 The most important variable for customizing Font Lock mode is
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2394 @code{font-lock-keywords}. It specifies the search criteria for
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2395 search-based fontification. You should specify the value of this
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2396 variable with @var{keywords} in @code{font-lock-defaults}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2397
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2398 @defvar font-lock-keywords
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2399 This variable's value is a list of the keywords to highlight. Be
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2400 careful when composing regular expressions for this list; a poorly
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2401 written pattern can dramatically slow things down!
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2402 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2403
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2404 Each element of @code{font-lock-keywords} specifies how to find
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2405 certain cases of text, and how to highlight those cases. Font Lock mode
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2406 processes the elements of @code{font-lock-keywords} one by one, and for
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2407 each element, it finds and handles all matches. Ordinarily, once
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2408 part of the text has been fontified already, this cannot be overridden
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2409 by a subsequent match in the same text; but you can specify different
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2410 behavior using the @var{override} element of a @var{subexp-highlighter}.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2411
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2412 Each element of @code{font-lock-keywords} should have one of these
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2413 forms:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2414
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2415 @table @code
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2416 @item @var{regexp}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2417 Highlight all matches for @var{regexp} using
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2418 @code{font-lock-keyword-face}. For example,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2419
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2420 @example
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2421 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of the word @samp{foo}}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2422 ;; @r{using @code{font-lock-keyword-face}.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2423 "\\<foo\\>"
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2424 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2425
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2426 The function @code{regexp-opt} (@pxref{Regexp Functions}) is useful
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2427 for calculating optimal regular expressions to match a number of
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2428 different keywords.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2429
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2430 @item @var{function}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2431 Find text by calling @var{function}, and highlight the matches
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2432 it finds using @code{font-lock-keyword-face}.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2433
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2434 When @var{function} is called, it receives one argument, the limit of
55687
4d4340e24361 (Search-based Fontification): Fix typo.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 55508
diff changeset
2435 the search; it should begin searching at point, and not search beyond the
41938
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2436 limit. It should return non-@code{nil} if it succeeds, and set the
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2437 match data to describe the match that was found. Returning @code{nil}
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2438 indicates failure of the search.
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2439
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2440 Fontification will call @var{function} repeatedly with the same limit,
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2441 and with point where the previous invocation left it, until
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2442 @var{function} fails. On failure, @var{function} need not reset point
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2443 in any particular way.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2444
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2445 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{subexp})
24934
f5e3b4ecd255 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 22274
diff changeset
2446 In this kind of element, @var{matcher} is either a regular
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2447 expression or a function, as described above. The @sc{cdr},
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2448 @var{subexp}, specifies which subexpression of @var{matcher} should be
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2449 highlighted (instead of the entire text that @var{matcher} matched).
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2450
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2451 @example
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2452 ;; @r{Highlight the @samp{bar} in each occurrence of @samp{fubar},}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2453 ;; @r{using @code{font-lock-keyword-face}.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2454 ("fu\\(bar\\)" . 1)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2455 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2456
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2457 If you use @code{regexp-opt} to produce the regular expression
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2458 @var{matcher}, then you can use @code{regexp-opt-depth} (@pxref{Regexp
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2459 Functions}) to calculate the value for @var{subexp}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2460
53430
7abfe409def6 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2461 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{facespec})
61678
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2462 In this kind of element, @var{facespec} is an expression whose value
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2463 specifies the face to use for highlighting. In the simplest case,
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2464 @var{facespec} is a Lisp variable (a symbol) whose value is a face
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2465 name.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2466
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2467 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2468 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of @samp{fubar},}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2469 ;; @r{using the face which is the value of @code{fubar-face}.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2470 ("fubar" . fubar-face)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2471 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2472
61678
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2473 However, @var{facespec} can also evaluate to a list of this form:
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2474
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2475 @example
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2476 (face @var{face} @var{prop1} @var{val1} @var{prop2} @var{val2}@dots{})
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2477 @end example
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2478
61678
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2479 @noindent
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2480 to specify the face @var{face} and various additional text properties
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2481 to put on the text that matches. If you do this, be sure to add the
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2482 other text property names that you set in this way to the value of
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2483 @code{font-lock-extra-managed-props} so that the properties will also
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2484 be cleared out when they are no longer appropriate. Alternatively,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2485 you can set the variable @code{font-lock-unfontify-region-function} to
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2486 a function that clears these properties. @xref{Other Font Lock
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2487 Variables}.
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2488
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2489 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{subexp-highlighter})
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2490 In this kind of element, @var{subexp-highlighter} is a list
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2491 which specifies how to highlight matches found by @var{matcher}.
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2492 It has the form:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2493
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2494 @example
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2495 (@var{subexp} @var{facespec} [[@var{override} [@var{laxmatch}]])
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2496 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2497
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2498 The @sc{car}, @var{subexp}, is an integer specifying which subexpression
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2499 of the match to fontify (0 means the entire matching text). The second
61678
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2500 subelement, @var{facespec}, is an expression whose value specifies the
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2501 face, as described above.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2502
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2503 The last two values in @var{subexp-highlighter}, @var{override} and
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2504 @var{laxmatch}, are optional flags. If @var{override} is @code{t},
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2505 this element can override existing fontification made by previous
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2506 elements of @code{font-lock-keywords}. If it is @code{keep}, then
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2507 each character is fontified if it has not been fontified already by
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2508 some other element. If it is @code{prepend}, the face specified by
53430
7abfe409def6 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2509 @var{facespec} is added to the beginning of the @code{font-lock-face}
7abfe409def6 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2510 property. If it is @code{append}, the face is added to the end of the
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2511 @code{font-lock-face} property.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2512
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2513 If @var{laxmatch} is non-@code{nil}, it means there should be no error
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2514 if there is no subexpression numbered @var{subexp} in @var{matcher}.
25975
e368b754fe25 Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 25950
diff changeset
2515 Obviously, fontification of the subexpression numbered @var{subexp} will
e368b754fe25 Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 25950
diff changeset
2516 not occur. However, fontification of other subexpressions (and other
e368b754fe25 Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 25950
diff changeset
2517 regexps) will continue. If @var{laxmatch} is @code{nil}, and the
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
2518 specified subexpression is missing, then an error is signaled which
25975
e368b754fe25 Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 25950
diff changeset
2519 terminates search-based fontification.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2520
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2521 Here are some examples of elements of this kind, and what they do:
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2522
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2523 @smallexample
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2524 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of either @samp{foo} or @samp{bar}, using}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2525 ;; @r{@code{foo-bar-face}, even if they have already been highlighted.}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2526 ;; @r{@code{foo-bar-face} should be a variable whose value is a face.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2527 ("foo\\|bar" 0 foo-bar-face t)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2528
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2529 ;; @r{Highlight the first subexpression within each occurrence}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2530 ;; @r{that the function @code{fubar-match} finds,}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2531 ;; @r{using the face which is the value of @code{fubar-face}.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2532 (fubar-match 1 fubar-face)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2533 @end smallexample
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2534
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2535 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{anchored-highlighter})
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2536 In this kind of element, @var{anchored-highlighter} specifies how to
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2537 highlight text that follows a match found by @var{matcher}. So a
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2538 match found by @var{matcher} acts as the anchor for further searches
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2539 specified by @var{anchored-highlighter}. @var{anchored-highlighter}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2540 is a list of the following form:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2541
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2542 @example
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2543 (@var{anchored-matcher} @var{pre-form} @var{post-form}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2544 @var{subexp-highlighters}@dots{})
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2545 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2546
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2547 Here, @var{anchored-matcher}, like @var{matcher}, is either a regular
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2548 expression or a function. After a match of @var{matcher} is found,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2549 point is at the end of the match. Now, Font Lock evaluates the form
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2550 @var{pre-form}. Then it searches for matches of
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2551 @var{anchored-matcher} and uses @var{subexp-highlighters} to highlight
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2552 these. A @var{subexp-highlighter} is as described above. Finally,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2553 Font Lock evaluates @var{post-form}.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2554
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2555 The forms @var{pre-form} and @var{post-form} can be used to initialize
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2556 before, and cleanup after, @var{anchored-matcher} is used. Typically,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2557 @var{pre-form} is used to move point to some position relative to the
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2558 match of @var{matcher}, before starting with @var{anchored-matcher}.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2559 @var{post-form} might be used to move back, before resuming with
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2560 @var{matcher}.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2561
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2562 After Font Lock evaluates @var{pre-form}, it does not search for
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2563 @var{anchored-matcher} beyond the end of the line. However, if
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2564 @var{pre-form} returns a buffer position that is greater than the
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2565 position of point after @var{pre-form} is evaluated, then the position
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2566 returned by @var{pre-form} is used as the limit of the search instead.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2567 It is generally a bad idea to return a position greater than the end
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2568 of the line; in other words, the @var{anchored-matcher} search should
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2569 not span lines.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2570
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2571 For example,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2572
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2573 @smallexample
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2574 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of the word @samp{item} following}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2575 ;; @r{an occurrence of the word @samp{anchor} (on the same line)}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2576 ;; @r{in the value of @code{item-face}.}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2577 ("\\<anchor\\>" "\\<item\\>" nil nil (0 item-face))
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2578 @end smallexample
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2579
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2580 Here, @var{pre-form} and @var{post-form} are @code{nil}. Therefore
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2581 searching for @samp{item} starts at the end of the match of
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2582 @samp{anchor}, and searching for subsequent instances of @samp{anchor}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2583 resumes from where searching for @samp{item} concluded.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2584
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2585 @item (@var{matcher} @var{highlighters}@dots{})
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2586 This sort of element specifies several @var{highlighter} lists for a
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2587 single @var{matcher}. A @var{highlighter} list can be of the type
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2588 @var{subexp-highlighter} or @var{anchored-highlighter} as described
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2589 above.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2590
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2591 For example,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2592
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2593 @smallexample
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2594 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of the word @samp{anchor} in the value}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2595 ;; @r{of @code{anchor-face}, and subsequent occurrences of the word}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2596 ;; @r{@samp{item} (on the same line) in the value of @code{item-face}.}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2597 ("\\<anchor\\>" (0 anchor-face)
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2598 ("\\<item\\>" nil nil (0 item-face)))
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2599 @end smallexample
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2600
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2601 @item (eval . @var{form})
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2602 Here @var{form} is an expression to be evaluated the first time
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2603 this value of @code{font-lock-keywords} is used in a buffer.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2604 Its value should have one of the forms described in this table.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2605 @end table
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2606
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2607 @vindex font-lock-multiline
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2608 @strong{Warning:} Do not design an element of @code{font-lock-keywords}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2609 to match text which spans lines; this does not work reliably. While
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2610 @code{font-lock-fontify-buffer} handles multi-line patterns correctly,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2611 updating when you edit the buffer does not, since it considers text one
52956
667459455d3c Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 52859
diff changeset
2612 line at a time. If you have patterns that typically only span one
667459455d3c Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 52859
diff changeset
2613 line but can occasionally span two or three, such as
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2614 @samp{<title>...</title>}, you can ask Font Lock to be more careful by
52956
667459455d3c Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 52859
diff changeset
2615 setting @code{font-lock-multiline} to @code{t}. But it still will not
667459455d3c Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 52859
diff changeset
2616 work in all cases.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2617
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2618 You can use @var{case-fold} in @code{font-lock-defaults} to specify
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2619 the value of @code{font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search} which says
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2620 whether search-based fontification should be case-insensitive.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2621
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2622 @defvar font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2623 Non-@code{nil} means that regular expression matching for the sake of
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2624 @code{font-lock-keywords} should be case-insensitive.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2625 @end defvar
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2626
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2627 You can use @code{font-lock-add-keywords} to add additional
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2628 search-based fontification rules to a major mode, and
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2629 @code{font-lock-remove-keywords} to removes rules.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2630
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2631 @defun font-lock-add-keywords mode keywords &optional append
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2632 This function adds highlighting @var{keywords} for @var{mode}. The
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2633 argument @var{keywords} should be a list with the same format as the
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2634 variable @code{font-lock-keywords}. @var{mode} should be a symbol,
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2635 the major mode command name, such as @code{c-mode}. When Font Lock
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2636 mode is turned on in @var{mode}, it adds @var{keywords} to
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2637 @code{font-lock-keywords}. @var{mode} can also be @code{nil}; the
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2638 highlighting @var{keywords} are immediately added to
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2639 @code{font-lock-keywords} in the current buffer in that case.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2640
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2641 By default, @var{keywords} are added at the beginning of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2642 @code{font-lock-keywords}. If the optional argument @var{append} is
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2643 @code{set}, they are used to replace the value of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2644 @code{font-lock-keywords}. If @var{append} is any other
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2645 non-@code{nil} value, they are added at the end of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2646 @code{font-lock-keywords}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2647
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2648 For example:
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2649
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2650 @smallexample
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2651 (font-lock-add-keywords 'c-mode
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2652 '(("\\<\\(FIXME\\):" 1 font-lock-warning-face prepend)
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2653 ("\\<\\(and\\|or\\|not\\)\\>" . font-lock-keyword-face)))
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2654 @end smallexample
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2655
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2656 adds two fontification patterns for C mode: one to fontify the word
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2657 @samp{FIXME}, even in comments, and another to fontify the words
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2658 @samp{and}, @samp{or} and @samp{not} as keywords.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2659
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2660 Some modes have specialized support for additional patterns. See the
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2661 variables @code{c-font-lock-extra-types},
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2662 @code{c++-font-lock-extra-types}, @code{objc-font-lock-extra-types}
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2663 and @code{java-font-lock-extra-types}, for example.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2664 @end defun
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2665
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2666 @defun font-lock-remove-keywords mode keywords
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2667 This function removes highlighting @var{keywords} for @var{mode}. As
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2668 in @code{font-lock-add-keywords}, @var{mode} should be a major mode
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2669 command name or @code{nil}. If @code{nil}, the highlighting
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2670 @var{keywords} are immediately removed in the current buffer.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2671 @end defun
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2672
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2673 @strong{Warning:} Only use a non-@code{nil} @var{mode} argument when
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2674 you use @code{font-lock-add-keywords} or
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2675 @code{font-lock-remove-keywords} in your @file{.emacs} file. When you
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2676 use these functions from a Lisp program (such as a minor mode), we
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2677 recommend that you use @code{nil} for @var{mode} (and place the call
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2678 on a hook) to avoid subtle problems due to the details of the
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2679 implementation.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2680
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2681 @node Other Font Lock Variables
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2682 @subsection Other Font Lock Variables
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2683
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2684 This section describes additional variables that a major mode can
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2685 set by means of @var{other-vars} in @code{font-lock-defaults}
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2686 (@pxref{Font Lock Basics}).
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2687
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2688 @defvar font-lock-mark-block-function
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2689 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, it should be a function that is
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2690 called with no arguments, to choose an enclosing range of text for
61034
38d95bf39f6e (Other Font Lock Variables): font-lock-fontify-block is now bound to M-o M-o.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 60784
diff changeset
2691 refontification for the command @kbd{M-o M-o}
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2692 (@code{font-lock-fontify-block}).
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2693
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2694 The function should report its choice by placing the region around it.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2695 A good choice is a range of text large enough to give proper results,
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2696 but not too large so that refontification becomes slow. Typical values
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2697 are @code{mark-defun} for programming modes or @code{mark-paragraph} for
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2698 textual modes.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2699 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2700
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2701 @defvar font-lock-extra-managed-props
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2702 This variable specifies additional properties (other than
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2703 @code{font-lock-face}) that are being managed by Font Lock mode. It
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2704 is used by @code{font-lock-default-unfontify-region}, which normally
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2705 only manages the @code{font-lock-face} property. If you want Font
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2706 Lock to manage other properties as well, you must specify them in a
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2707 @var{facespec} in @code{font-lock-keywords} as well as add them to
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2708 this list. @xref{Search-based Fontification}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2709 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2710
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2711 @defvar font-lock-fontify-buffer-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2712 Function to use for fontifying the buffer. The default value is
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2713 @code{font-lock-default-fontify-buffer}.
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2714 @end defvar
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2715
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2716 @defvar font-lock-unfontify-buffer-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2717 Function to use for unfontifying the buffer. This is used when
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2718 turning off Font Lock mode. The default value is
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2719 @code{font-lock-default-unfontify-buffer}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2720 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2721
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2722 @defvar font-lock-fontify-region-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2723 Function to use for fontifying a region. It should take two
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2724 arguments, the beginning and end of the region, and an optional third
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2725 argument @var{verbose}. If @var{verbose} is non-@code{nil}, the
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2726 function should print status messages. The default value is
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2727 @code{font-lock-default-fontify-region}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2728 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2729
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2730 @defvar font-lock-unfontify-region-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2731 Function to use for unfontifying a region. It should take two
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2732 arguments, the beginning and end of the region. The default value is
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2733 @code{font-lock-default-unfontify-region}.
52956
667459455d3c Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 52859
diff changeset
2734 @end defvar
667459455d3c Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 52859
diff changeset
2735
60784
569b1f95bbe0 (Other Font Lock Variables): Document font-lock-lines-before.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60450
diff changeset
2736 @defvar font-lock-lines-before
569b1f95bbe0 (Other Font Lock Variables): Document font-lock-lines-before.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60450
diff changeset
2737 This variable specifies the number of extra lines to consider when
569b1f95bbe0 (Other Font Lock Variables): Document font-lock-lines-before.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60450
diff changeset
2738 refontifying the buffer after each text change. Font lock begins
569b1f95bbe0 (Other Font Lock Variables): Document font-lock-lines-before.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60450
diff changeset
2739 refontifying from that number of lines before the changed region. The
569b1f95bbe0 (Other Font Lock Variables): Document font-lock-lines-before.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60450
diff changeset
2740 default is 1, but using a larger value can be useful for coping with
569b1f95bbe0 (Other Font Lock Variables): Document font-lock-lines-before.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60450
diff changeset
2741 multi-line patterns.
569b1f95bbe0 (Other Font Lock Variables): Document font-lock-lines-before.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60450
diff changeset
2742 @end defvar
569b1f95bbe0 (Other Font Lock Variables): Document font-lock-lines-before.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60450
diff changeset
2743
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2744 @ignore
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2745 @defvar font-lock-inhibit-thing-lock
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2746 List of Font Lock mode related modes that should not be turned on.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2747 Currently, valid mode names are @code{fast-lock-mode},
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2748 @code{jit-lock-mode} and @code{lazy-lock-mode}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2749 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2750 @end ignore
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2751
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2752 @node Levels of Font Lock
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2753 @subsection Levels of Font Lock
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2754
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2755 Many major modes offer three different levels of fontification. You
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2756 can define multiple levels by using a list of symbols for @var{keywords}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2757 in @code{font-lock-defaults}. Each symbol specifies one level of
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2758 fontification; it is up to the user to choose one of these levels. The
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2759 chosen level's symbol value is used to initialize
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2760 @code{font-lock-keywords}.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2761
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2762 Here are the conventions for how to define the levels of
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2763 fontification:
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2764
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2765 @itemize @bullet
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2766 @item
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2767 Level 1: highlight function declarations, file directives (such as include or
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2768 import directives), strings and comments. The idea is speed, so only
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2769 the most important and top-level components are fontified.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2770
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2771 @item
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2772 Level 2: in addition to level 1, highlight all language keywords,
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2773 including type names that act like keywords, as well as named constant
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2774 values. The idea is that all keywords (either syntactic or semantic)
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2775 should be fontified appropriately.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2776
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2777 @item
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2778 Level 3: in addition to level 2, highlight the symbols being defined in
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2779 function and variable declarations, and all builtin function names,
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2780 wherever they appear.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2781 @end itemize
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2782
45684
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2783 @node Precalculated Fontification
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2784 @subsection Precalculated Fontification
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2785
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2786 In addition to using @code{font-lock-defaults} for search-based
45684
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2787 fontification, you may use the special character property
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2788 @code{font-lock-face} (@pxref{Special Properties}). This property
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2789 acts just like the explicit @code{face} property, but its activation
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2790 is toggled when the user calls @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode}. Using
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2791 @code{font-lock-face} is especially convenient for special modes
45684
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2792 which construct their text programmatically, such as
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2793 @code{list-buffers} and @code{occur}.
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2794
45714
7057566fa4c1 (Precalcuated Fontification): Note how to use `font-lock-core-only'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45684
diff changeset
2795 If your mode does not use any of the other machinery of Font Lock
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2796 (i.e. it only uses the @code{font-lock-face} property), it should not
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2797 set the variable @code{font-lock-defaults}. That way, it will not
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2798 cause loading of the @file{font-lock} library.
45714
7057566fa4c1 (Precalcuated Fontification): Note how to use `font-lock-core-only'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45684
diff changeset
2799
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2800 @node Faces for Font Lock
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2801 @subsection Faces for Font Lock
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2802
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2803 You can make Font Lock mode use any face, but several faces are
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2804 defined specifically for Font Lock mode. Each of these symbols is both
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2805 a face name, and a variable whose default value is the symbol itself.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2806 Thus, the default value of @code{font-lock-comment-face} is
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2807 @code{font-lock-comment-face}. This means you can write
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2808 @code{font-lock-comment-face} in a context such as
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2809 @code{font-lock-keywords} where a face-name-valued expression is used.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2810
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2811 @table @code
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2812 @item font-lock-comment-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2813 @vindex font-lock-comment-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2814 Used (typically) for comments.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2815
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2816 @item font-lock-comment-delimiter-face
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2817 @vindex font-lock-comment-delimiter-face
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2818 Used (typically) for comments delimiters.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2819
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2820 @item font-lock-doc-face
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2821 @vindex font-lock-doc-face
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2822 Used (typically) for documentation strings in the code.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2823
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2824 @item font-lock-string-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2825 @vindex font-lock-string-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2826 Used (typically) for string constants.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2827
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2828 @item font-lock-keyword-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2829 @vindex font-lock-keyword-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2830 Used (typically) for keywords---names that have special syntactic
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2831 significance, like @code{for} and @code{if} in C.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2832
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2833 @item font-lock-builtin-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2834 @vindex font-lock-builtin-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2835 Used (typically) for built-in function names.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2836
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2837 @item font-lock-function-name-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2838 @vindex font-lock-function-name-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2839 Used (typically) for the name of a function being defined or declared,
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
2840 in a function definition or declaration.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2841
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2842 @item font-lock-variable-name-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2843 @vindex font-lock-variable-name-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2844 Used (typically) for the name of a variable being defined or declared,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2845 in a variable definition or declaration.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2846
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2847 @item font-lock-type-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2848 @vindex font-lock-type-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2849 Used (typically) for names of user-defined data types,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2850 where they are defined and where they are used.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2851
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2852 @item font-lock-constant-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2853 @vindex font-lock-constant-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2854 Used (typically) for constant names.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2855
52800
d738115b4197 (Faces for Font Lock): Fix typo.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52744
diff changeset
2856 @item font-lock-preprocessor-face
d738115b4197 (Faces for Font Lock): Fix typo.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52744
diff changeset
2857 @vindex font-lock-preprocessor-face
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2858 Used (typically) for preprocessor commands.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2859
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2860 @item font-lock-warning-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2861 @vindex font-lock-warning-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2862 Used (typically) for constructs that are peculiar, or that greatly
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2863 change the meaning of other text. For example, this is used for
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2864 @samp{;;;###autoload} cookies in Emacs Lisp, and for @code{#error}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2865 directives in C.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2866 @end table
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2867
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2868 @node Syntactic Font Lock
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2869 @subsection Syntactic Font Lock
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2870
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2871 Syntactic fontification uses the syntax table to find comments and
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2872 string constants (@pxref{Syntax Tables}). It highlights them using
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2873 @code{font-lock-comment-face} and @code{font-lock-string-face}
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2874 (@pxref{Faces for Font Lock}). There are several variables that
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2875 affect syntactic fontification; you should set them by means of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2876 @code{font-lock-defaults} (@pxref{Font Lock Basics}).
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2877
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2878 @defvar font-lock-keywords-only
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2879 Non-@code{nil} means Font Lock should not do syntactic fontification;
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2880 it should only fontify based on @code{font-lock-keywords}. The normal
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2881 way for a mode to set this variable to @code{t} is with
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2882 @var{keywords-only} in @code{font-lock-defaults}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2883 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2884
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2885 @defvar font-lock-syntax-table
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2886 This variable holds the syntax table to use for fontification of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2887 comments and strings. Specify it using @var{syntax-alist} in
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2888 @code{font-lock-defaults}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2889 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2890
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2891 @defvar font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2892 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, it should be a function to move
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2893 point back to a position that is syntactically at ``top level'' and
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2894 outside of strings or comments. Font Lock uses this when necessary
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2895 to get the right results for syntactic fontification.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2896
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2897 This function is called with no arguments. It should leave point at
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2898 the beginning of any enclosing syntactic block. Typical values are
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2899 @code{beginning-of-line} (used when the start of the line is known to
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2900 be outside a syntactic block), or @code{beginning-of-defun} for
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2901 programming modes, or @code{backward-paragraph} for textual modes.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2902
62652
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2903 If the value is @code{nil}, Font Lock uses
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2904 @code{syntax-begin-function} to move back outside of any comment,
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2905 string, or sexp. This variable is semi-obsolete; we recommend setting
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2906 @code{syntax-begin-function} instead.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2907
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2908 Specify this variable using @var{syntax-begin} in
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2909 @code{font-lock-defaults}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2910 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2911
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2912 @defvar font-lock-syntactic-face-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2913 A function to determine which face to use for a given syntactic
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2914 element (a string or a comment). The function is called with one
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2915 argument, the parse state at point returned by
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2916 @code{parse-partial-sexp}, and should return a face. The default
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2917 value returns @code{font-lock-comment-face} for comments and
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2918 @code{font-lock-string-face} for strings.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2919
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2920 This can be used to highlighting different kinds of strings or
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2921 comments differently. It is also sometimes abused together with
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2922 @code{font-lock-syntactic-keywords} to highlight elements that span
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2923 multiple lines, but this is too obscure to document in this manual.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2924
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2925 Specify this variable using @var{other-vars} in
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2926 @code{font-lock-defaults}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2927 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2928
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2929 @node Setting Syntax Properties
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2930 @subsection Setting Syntax Properties
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2931
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2932 Font Lock mode can be used to update @code{syntax-table} properties
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2933 automatically (@pxref{Syntax Properties}). This is useful in
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2934 languages for which a single syntax table by itself is not sufficient.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2935
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2936 @defvar font-lock-syntactic-keywords
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2937 This variable enables and controls updating @code{syntax-table}
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2938 properties by Font Lock. Its value should be a list of elements of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2939 this form:
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2940
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2941 @example
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2942 (@var{matcher} @var{subexp} @var{syntax} @var{override} @var{laxmatch})
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2943 @end example
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2944
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2945 The parts of this element have the same meanings as in the corresponding
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2946 sort of element of @code{font-lock-keywords},
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2947
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2948 @example
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2949 (@var{matcher} @var{subexp} @var{facespec} @var{override} @var{laxmatch})
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2950 @end example
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2951
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2952 However, instead of specifying the value @var{facespec} to use for the
50693
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2953 @code{face} property, it specifies the value @var{syntax} to use for
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2954 the @code{syntax-table} property. Here, @var{syntax} can be a string
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2955 (as taken by @code{modify-syntax-entry}), a syntax table, a cons cell
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2956 (as returned by @code{string-to-syntax}), or an expression whose value
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2957 is one of those two types. @var{override} cannot be @code{prepend} or
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2958 @code{append}.
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2959
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2960 For example, an element of the form:
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2961
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2962 @example
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2963 ("\\$\\(#\\)" 1 ".")
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2964 @end example
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2965
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2966 highlights syntactically a hash character when following a dollar
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2967 character, with a SYNTAX of @code{"."} (meaning punctuation syntax).
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2968 Assuming that the buffer syntax table specifies hash characters to
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2969 have comment start syntax, the element will only highlight hash
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2970 characters that do not follow dollar characters as comments
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2971 syntactically.
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2972
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2973 An element of the form:
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2974
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2975 @example
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2976 ("\\('\\).\\('\\)"
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2977 (1 "\"")
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2978 (2 "\""))
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2979 @end example
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2980
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2981 highlights syntactically both single quotes which surround a single
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2982 character, with a SYNTAX of @code{"\""} (meaning string quote syntax).
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2983 Assuming that the buffer syntax table does not specify single quotes
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2984 to have quote syntax, the element will only highlight single quotes of
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2985 the form @samp{'@var{c}'} as strings syntactically. Other forms, such
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2986 as @samp{foo'bar} or @samp{'fubar'}, will not be highlighted as
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2987 strings.
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2988
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2989 Major modes normally set this variable with @var{other-vars} in
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2990 @code{font-lock-defaults}.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2991 @end defvar
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2992
55414
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
2993 @node Desktop Save Mode
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
2994 @section Desktop Save Mode
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
2995 @cindex desktop save mode
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
2996
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
2997 @dfn{Desktop Save Mode} is a feature to save the state of Emacs from
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
2998 one session to another. The user-level commands for using Desktop
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
2999 Save Mode are described in the GNU Emacs Manual (@pxref{Saving Emacs
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3000 Sessions,,, emacs, the GNU Emacs Manual}). Modes whose buffers visit
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3001 a file, don't have to do anything to use this feature.
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3002
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3003 For buffers not visiting a file to have their state saved, the major
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3004 mode must bind the buffer local variable @code{desktop-save-buffer} to
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
3005 a non-@code{nil} value.
55414
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3006
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3007 @defvar desktop-save-buffer
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3008 If this buffer-local variable is non-@code{nil}, the buffer will have
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3009 its state saved in the desktop file at desktop save. If the value is
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3010 a function, it is called at desktop save with argument
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3011 @var{desktop-dirname}, and its value is saved in the desktop file along
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3012 with the state of the buffer for which it was called. When file names
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3013 are returned as part of the auxiliary information, they should be
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3014 formatted using the call
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3015
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3016 @example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3017 (desktop-file-name @var{file-name} @var{desktop-dirname})
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3018 @end example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3019
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3020 @end defvar
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3021
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3022 For buffers not visiting a file to be restored, the major mode must
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3023 define a function to do the job, and that function must be listed in
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3024 the alist @code{desktop-buffer-mode-handlers}.
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3025
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3026 @defvar desktop-buffer-mode-handlers
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3027 Alist with elements
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3028
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3029 @example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3030 (@var{major-mode} . @var{restore-buffer-function})
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3031 @end example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3032
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3033 The function @var{restore-buffer-function} will be called with
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3034 argument list
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3035
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3036 @example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3037 (@var{buffer-file-name} @var{buffer-name} @var{desktop-buffer-misc})
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3038 @end example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3039
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3040 and it should return the restored buffer.
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3041 Here @var{desktop-buffer-misc} is the value returned by the function
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3042 optionally bound to @code{desktop-save-buffer}.
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3043 @end defvar
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3044
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52197
diff changeset
3045 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52197
diff changeset
3046 arch-tag: 4c7bff41-36e6-4da6-9e7f-9b9289e27c8e
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52197
diff changeset
3047 @end ignore