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annotate etc/FAQ @ 19968:88dd57f50303
Merge changes mistakenly made to `Makefile'.
(INFO_TARGETS): Change ../info/custom to ../info/customize.
(../info/customize): Renamed from ../info/custom.
(../info/viper, viper.dvi): Remove dependency on viper-cmd.texi.
author | Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> |
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date | Tue, 23 Sep 1997 18:23:17 +0000 |
parents | d6dbe558099c |
children | 0d84817a4973 |
rev | line source |
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1736 | 1 GNU Emacs FAQ: Introduction |
2 | |
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3 This is the introduction to a list of frequently asked questions (FAQ) |
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4 about GNU Emacs with answers. |
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5 |
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6 The FAQ is posted to reduce the noise level in the `gnu.emacs.help' |
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7 newsgroup (which is also the `help-gnu-emacs' mailing list) which results |
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8 from the repetition of frequently asked questions, wrong answers to these |
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9 questions, corrections to the wrong answers, corrections to the |
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10 corrections, debate, name calling, etc. Also, it serves as a repository of |
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11 the canonical "best" answers to these questions. However, if you know a |
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12 better answer or even a slight change that improves an answer, please tell |
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13 us! |
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14 |
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15 If you know the answer to a question in the FAQ list, please reply to the |
597 | 16 question by e-mail instead of posting. Help reduce noise! |
134 | 17 |
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18 The FAQ is crossposted to `comp.emacs' because some sites do not receive |
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19 the `gnu.*' newsgroups. The FAQ is also crossposted to `news.answers'. |
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20 |
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21 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. |
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22 |
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23 It has been so long since the FAQ was last edited and released that the |
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24 maintainers decided to take a two-step approach. This edition corrects |
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25 many basic inaccuracies in the old FAQ, most of them having to do with ftp |
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26 sites and version numbers. In addition, we have deleted a number of |
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27 questions that are no longer relevant with the release of GNU Emacs 19. |
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28 |
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29 Many questions specific to recent releases of GNU Emacs 19 remain |
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30 unanswered in this version of the FAQ; the maintainers will spend time over |
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31 the next month or two adding new questions (and answers), based in no small |
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32 part on the questions that have come across help-gnu-emacs in recent |
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33 months. |
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34 |
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35 There is no diff file for this version of the FAQ, as many things have |
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36 changed since it was last updated. |
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37 |
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38 Please suggest new questions, answers, wording changes, deletions, etc. |
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39 The most helpful form for suggestions is a context diff (i.e., the output |
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40 of `diff -c'). Include `FAQ' in the subject of messages sent to us about |
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41 the FAQ list. |
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42 |
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43 Please do not send questions to us just because you do not want to disturb |
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44 a lot of people and you think we would know the answer. We do not have |
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45 time to answer questions individually. :-( |
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46 |
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47 -- |
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48 Reuven M. Lerner <reuven@the-tech.mit.edu> and the FAQ team (a full list is |
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49 at the bottom of the FAQ). |
1736 | 50 |
597 | 51 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
52 | |
1736 | 53 Notation Used in FAQ |
54 | |
55 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.? | |
56 2: What does "M-x command" mean? | |
57 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual? | |
58 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el? | |
59 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL? | |
60 | |
61 General Questions | |
62 | |
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63 6: What is the LPF? |
1736 | 64 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft? |
65 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug, | |
66 comp.emacs, etc.? | |
67 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups? | |
68 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with GNU Emacs? | |
69 11: How do I unsubscribe to this mailing list? | |
70 12: What is the current address of the FSF? | |
597 | 71 |
1736 | 72 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help |
73 | |
74 13: I'm just starting GNU Emacs; how do I do basic editing? | |
75 14: How do I find out how to do something in GNU Emacs? | |
76 15: How do I get a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual? | |
77 16: Where can I get documentation on GNU Emacs Lisp? | |
78 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation? | |
79 18: How do I print a Texinfo file? | |
80 19: Can I view Info files without using GNU Emacs? | |
81 20: What informational files are available for GNU Emacs? | |
82 21: Where can I get help in installing GNU Emacs? | |
83 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)? | |
84 | |
85 Status of Emacs | |
86 | |
87 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from? | |
88 24: What is the latest version of GNU Emacs? | |
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89 25: What is different about GNU Emacs 19? |
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90 |
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91 Common Things People Want To Do |
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92 |
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93 26: How do I set up a .emacs file properly? |
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94 27: How do I debug a .emacs file? |
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95 28: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number? |
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96 29: How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode XXX? |
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97 30: How do I turn on auto-fill mode by default? |
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98 31: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files? |
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99 32: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control) |
1736 | 100 characters? |
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101 33: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs? |
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102 34: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing? |
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103 35: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me? |
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104 36: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs? |
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105 37: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents? |
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106 38: How do I change load-path? |
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107 39: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window? |
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108 40: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages? |
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109 41: How do I indent switch statements like this? |
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110 42: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally? |
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111 43: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting? |
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112 44: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal? |
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113 45: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows? |
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114 46: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the |
1736 | 115 indentation of the previous line? |
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116 47: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at? |
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117 48: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef |
1736 | 118 commands are handled by the compiler? |
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119 49: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi? |
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120 50: What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)? |
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121 51: How do I execute a piece of Emacs Lisp code? |
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122 52: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length? |
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123 53: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line? |
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124 54: How do I insert `_^H' before each character in a paragraph to get an |
1736 | 125 underlined paragraph? |
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126 55: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible? |
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127 56: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor |
1736 | 128 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short? |
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129 57: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself? |
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130 58: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs? |
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131 59: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file? |
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132 60: Where is the documentation for `etags'? |
1736 | 133 |
134 Bugs/Problems | |
597 | 135 |
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136 61: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes? |
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137 62: How do I get rid of the ^M junk in my shell buffer? |
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138 63: Why do I get `Process shell exited abnormally with code 1'? |
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139 64: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type `emacs'? |
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140 65: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying `I-search:' and beeping? |
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141 66: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)? |
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142 67: Why does Emacs say `Error in init file'? |
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143 68: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)? |
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144 69: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file? |
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145 70: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name? |
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146 71: Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory? |
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147 72: Are there any security risks in GNU Emacs? |
1736 | 148 |
149 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs | |
150 | |
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151 73: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs? |
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152 74: How do I stop Emacs from failing when the executable is stripped? |
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153 75: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail? |
1736 | 154 |
155 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages | |
597 | 156 |
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157 76: Where can I get GNU Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)? |
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158 77: How do I find a GNU Emacs Lisp package that does XXX? |
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159 78: Where can I get GNU Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs? |
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160 79: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive? |
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161 80: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff? |
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162 81: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Epoch? |
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163 82: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid |
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164 Emacs")? |
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165 83: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS? |
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166 84: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running Microsoft Windows? |
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167 85: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2? |
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168 86: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST? |
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169 87: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga? |
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170 88: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer? |
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171 89: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows? |
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172 90: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, Csh, C++, |
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173 Objective C, Pascal, and Awk? |
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174 91: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ? |
1736 | 175 |
176 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs | |
597 | 177 |
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178 92: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs |
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179 93: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs |
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180 94: Gnus -- news reader within Emacs |
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181 95: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs |
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182 96: Ange-FTP -- transparent FTP access for Emacs's file access routines |
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183 97: VIP -- vi emulation for Emacs |
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184 98: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities |
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185 99: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs |
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186 100: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers |
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187 101: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs |
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188 102: XEmacs -- alternative Emacs 19 with better X interface; formerly |
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189 known as Lucid Emacs or lemacs. |
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190 103: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files |
134 | 191 |
1736 | 192 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems |
193 | |
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194 104: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? |
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195 105: Why does Emacs say `Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters'? |
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196 106: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my |
597 | 197 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up? |
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198 107: How do I use function keys under X Windows? |
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199 108: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys |
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200 emit? |
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201 109: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs? |
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202 110: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control? |
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203 111: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered |
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204 out? |
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205 112: Why does the `Backspace' key invoke help? |
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206 113: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete? |
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207 114: How do I "swap" two keys? |
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208 115: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? |
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209 116: What if I don't have a Meta key? |
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210 117: What if I don't have an Escape key? |
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211 118: Can I make my `Compose Character' key behave like a Meta key? |
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212 119: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? |
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213 120: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window? |
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214 121: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0? |
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215 122: Where can I get key bindings to make Emacs emulate WordStar? |
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216 123: Where can I get an XEDIT emulator for Emacs? |
597 | 217 |
1736 | 218 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets |
597 | 219 |
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220 124: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? |
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221 125: How do I input 8-bit characters? |
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222 126: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle kanji characters? |
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223 127: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle Chinese? |
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224 128: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? |
597 | 225 |
1736 | 226 Mail and News |
597 | 227 |
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228 129: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? |
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229 130: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? |
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230 131: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? |
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231 132: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? |
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232 133: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? |
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233 134: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail? |
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234 135: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? |
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235 136: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? |
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236 137: How do I read news under Emacs? |
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237 138: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? |
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238 139: How do I view text with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)? |
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239 140: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? |
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240 141: Why does Gnus put the subjects in replies beyond the 80th column? |
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241 142: How do I make Gnus start up faster? |
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242 143: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? |
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243 144: Why can't I kill in Gnus on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control line? |
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244 145: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? |
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245 146: Why is catch up slow in Gnus? |
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246 147: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? |
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247 148: Why don't my news postings in Gnus get past the local machine? |
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248 149: Why doesn't Gnus generate the `Lines:' header? |
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249 150: How do I kill all articles in Gnus but those matching a pattern? |
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250 |
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251 ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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252 |
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253 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x |
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254 $" to get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look |
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255 at the text of the answers, just type "C-x $". |
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256 |
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257 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a |
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258 C-r if that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search. |
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259 |
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260 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22, or use |
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261 anonymous FTP to the-tech.mit.edu. |
134 | 262 |
1736 | 263 Notation Used in FAQ |
134 | 264 |
1736 | 265 Skip this section and then come back if you don't understand some of the |
266 later answers. | |
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267 |
1736 | 268 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.? |
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269 |
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270 C-x means press the `x' key while holding down the Control key. M-x |
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271 means press the `x' key while holding down the Meta key. M-C-x means |
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272 press the `x' key while holding down both the Control key and the Meta |
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273 key. C-M-a is a synonym for M-C-a. RET, LFD, DEL, ESC, and TAB |
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274 respectively refer to pressing the Return, Linefeed (aka Newline), |
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275 Delete, Escape, and Tab keys and are equivalent to C-m, C-j, C-?, C-[, |
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276 and C-i. SPC means press the Space bar. |
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277 |
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278 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are |
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279 inside double quotes or on lines by themselves. Any real spaces in such |
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280 a key sequence should be ignored; only SPC really means press the space |
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281 key. |
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282 |
1736 | 283 The ASCII code sent by C-x (except for C-?) is the value that would be |
284 sent by pressing just `x' minus 96 (or 64 for uppercase `X') and will be | |
285 from 0 to 31. The ASCII code sent by M-x is the sum of 128 and the ASCII | |
286 code that would be sent by pressing just the `x' key. Essentially, the | |
287 Control key turns off bits 5 and 6 and the Meta key turns on bit 7. | |
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288 |
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289 For further information, see `Characters' and `Keys' in the on-line |
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290 manual. |
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291 |
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292 NOTE: C-? (aka DEL) is ASCII code 127. It is a misnomer to call C-? a |
1736 | 293 "control" key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON. Also, on very |
294 few keyboards does Control-? generate ASCII code 127. | |
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295 |
1736 | 296 2: What does "M-x command" mean? |
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297 |
134 | 298 "M-x command" means type M-x, then type the name of the command, then |
299 type RET. | |
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300 |
1736 | 301 M-x (by default) invokes the command `execute-extended-command'. This |
302 command allows you to run any Emacs command if you can remember the | |
303 command's name. If you can't remember the command's name, you can type | |
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304 TAB and SPC for completion, "?" for a list of possibilities, and M-p and |
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305 M-n to see previous commands entered. An Emacs "command" is any |
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306 "interactive" Emacs function. |
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307 |
134 | 308 NOTE: Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to |
1736 | 309 invoke execute-extended-command. A function key labeled `Do' is a good |
134 | 310 candidate for this. |
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311 |
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312 To run non-interactive Emacs functions, see question 51. |
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313 |
1736 | 314 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual? |
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315 |
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316 When we refer you to topic XXX in the on-line manual, you can read this |
1736 | 317 manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by typing this: |
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318 |
1736 | 319 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET |
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320 |
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321 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't |
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322 already know how to use Info, type "?" from within Info. |
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323 |
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324 If we refer to topic XXX:YYY, type this: |
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325 |
1736 | 326 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET m YYY RET |
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327 |
1736 | 328 WARNING: Your system administrator may not have installed the Info files, |
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329 or may have installed them improperly. In this case you should complain. |
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330 |
1736 | 331 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el? |
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332 |
1736 | 333 These are files that come with GNU Emacs. The GNU Emacs distribution is |
334 divided into subdirectories; the important ones are `etc', `lisp', and | |
335 `src'. | |
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336 |
134 | 337 If you use GNU Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, |
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338 start Emacs, then type "C-h v data-directory RET". The directory name |
1736 | 339 displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed `etc' |
340 directory. | |
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341 |
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342 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see |
1736 | 343 question 20. All are available in the source distribution. |
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344 |
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345 WARNING: Your system administrator may have removed the src directory and |
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346 many files from the etc directory. |
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347 |
1736 | 348 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL? |
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349 |
134 | 350 FSF == Free Software Foundation |
351 LPF == League for Programming Freedom | |
352 OSF == Open Software Foundation | |
353 GNU == GNU's Not Unix | |
597 | 354 RMS == Richard Matthew Stallman |
134 | 355 FTP == File Transfer Protocol |
356 GPL == GNU General Public Licence | |
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357 |
597 | 358 NOTE: Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes |
359 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make high | |
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360 quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a consortium of |
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361 computer vendors which develops commercial software for Unix systems. |
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362 |
597 | 363 NOTE: The word "free" in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers |
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364 to "freedom," not "zero dollars." Anyone can charge any price for |
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365 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the |
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366 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always |
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367 get the software for less money from someone else, because everyone has |
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368 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software. |
134 | 369 |
370 | |
1736 | 371 General Questions |
134 | 372 |
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373 6: What is the LPF? |
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374 |
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375 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and |
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376 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact |
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377 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact Joe Wells |
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378 <jbw@cs.bu.edu>; he will be happy to talk with you about the LPF. |
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379 |
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380 You can find more information about the LPF in the file etc/LPF. More |
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381 papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and also |
1736 | 382 from the LPF: |
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383 |
1736 | 384 Anonymous FTP: |
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385 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/lpf/ |
1736 | 386 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/lpf/ |
387 Anonymous UUCP: | |
388 osu-cis!~/lpf/* | |
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389 |
1736 | 390 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft? |
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391 |
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392 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public Licence (copyleft) will |
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393 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope. There |
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394 has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to set any |
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395 precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to the |
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396 newsgroup gnu.misc.discuss, which was created to hold the extensive flame |
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397 wars on the subject. |
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398 |
1736 | 399 RMS writes: |
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400 |
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401 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the |
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402 spirit, which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work |
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403 pertaining to Emacs should also be free software. "Free" means that |
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404 all users have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. |
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405 To make sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you |
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406 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the |
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407 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed. |
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408 |
1736 | 409 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug, |
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410 comp.emacs, etc.? |
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411 |
1736 | 412 The file etc/MAILINGLISTS discusses the purpose of each GNU mailing-list. |
413 (See question 20 on how to get a copy.) For those which are gatewayed | |
414 with newsgroups, it lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list | |
415 address. | |
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416 |
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417 comp.emacs is for discussion of Emacs programs in general. This includes |
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418 GNU Emacs along with various other implementations like JOVE, MicroEmacs, |
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419 Freemacs, MG, Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon.. |
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420 |
1736 | 421 Many people post GNU Emacs questions to comp.emacs because they don't |
422 receive any of the gnu.* newsgroups. Arguments have been made both for | |
423 and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to comp.emacs. You have | |
424 to decide for yourself. | |
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425 |
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426 Messages advocating "non-free" software are considered unacceptable on |
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427 any of the gnu.* newsgroups except for gnu.misc.discuss, which was |
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428 created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject. "non-free" |
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429 software includes any software for which the end user can't freely modify |
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430 the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to remove the |
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431 gnu.* groups from the `Newsgroups:' line when posting a followup that |
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432 recommends such software. |
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433 |
1736 | 434 gnu.emacs.bug is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid posting bug |
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435 reports to this newsgroup (see question 10). |
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436 |
1736 | 437 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups? |
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438 |
1736 | 439 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many |
440 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The | |
441 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve individual | |
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442 postings from, but pretty much everything is there. The archive is |
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443 available via anonymous ftp at |
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444 |
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445 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/MailingListArchives/ |
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446 |
1736 | 447 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with GNU Emacs? |
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448 |
1736 | 449 The correct way to report GNU Emacs bugs is by e-mail to |
450 bug-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. Anything sent here also appears in the | |
451 newsgroup gnu.emacs.bug, but please use e-mail instead of news to submit | |
452 the bug report. This way a reliable return address is available so you | |
453 can be contacted for further details. | |
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454 |
1736 | 455 RMS explains: |
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456 |
1736 | 457 Sending bug reports to help-gnu-emacs (which has the effect of posting |
458 on gnu.emacs.help) is undesirable because it takes the time of an | |
459 unnecessarily large group of people, most of whom are just users and | |
460 have no idea how to fix these problem. bug-gnu-emacs reaches a much | |
461 smaller group of people who are more likely to know what to do and have | |
462 expressed a wish to receive more messages about Emacs than the others. | |
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463 |
1736 | 464 However, RMS says there are circumstances when it is okay to post to |
465 gnu.emacs.help: | |
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466 |
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467 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix, |
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468 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on |
1736 | 469 gnu.emacs.help asking if anyone can help you. |
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470 |
1736 | 471 If you are unsure whether you have a bug, RMS describes how to tell: |
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472 |
1736 | 473 ... if Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors |
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474 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that |
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475 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it |
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476 does, that is a bug. |
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477 |
1736 | 478 11: How do I unsubscribe to this mailing list? |
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479 |
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480 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named `XXX', you might be able to |
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481 unsubscribe to it by sending a request to the address |
1736 | 482 `XXX-request@prep.ai.mit.edu'. However, this will not work if you are |
3591
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Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
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483 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a |
1736 | 484 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which |
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485 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the `Received:' headers on |
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486 the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the `EXPN' or |
1736 | 487 `VRFY' sendmail commands through `telnet <site-address> smtp'. Ask your |
488 postmaster for help. | |
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489 |
1736 | 490 12: What is the current address of the FSF? |
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491 |
1736 | 492 E-mail address: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu |
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493 Phone number: (617) 542-5942 |
1736 | 494 Postal address: |
495 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
15743
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496 59 Temple Place - Suite 330 |
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497 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. |
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498 |
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499 For details on how to order, see the file etc/ORDERS. |
1736 | 500 |
501 | |
502 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help | |
503 | |
504 13: I'm just starting GNU Emacs; how do I do basic editing? | |
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505 |
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506 Type "C-h t" to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Typing just C-h is how |
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507 to enter the help system. |
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508 |
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509 WARNING: Your system administrator may have changed C-h to act like DEL |
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510 to deal with local keyboards. You can use M-x help-for-help instead to |
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511 invoke help. To discover what key (if any) invokes help on your system, |
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512 type "M-x where-is RET help-for-help RET". This will print a |
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513 comma-separated list of key sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last |
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514 character in each key sequence listed. Each of the resulting key |
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515 sequences invokes help. |
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516 |
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517 NOTE: Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value |
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518 should be stored in the variable help-char. Andrew Arensburger |
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519 <arensb@kong.gsfc.nasa.gov> wrote a patch that allows the help facility |
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520 to work properly when invoked by multiple character sequences. |
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521 |
1736 | 522 14: How do I find out how to do something in GNU Emacs? |
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523 |
134 | 524 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs. |
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525 |
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526 * The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info |
1736 | 527 hypertext reader. Type "C-h i" to invoke Info. |
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528 |
1736 | 529 * You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. See question 15. |
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530 |
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531 * You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to |
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532 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5), or |
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533 you can print your own from the etc/refcard.tex or etc/refcard.ps files |
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534 in the Emacs distribution. |
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535 |
1736 | 536 * You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word |
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537 (actually which match a regular expression) using "C-h a" (M-x |
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538 command-apropos). |
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539 |
1736 | 540 * You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a |
541 certain word using M-x apropos. | |
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542 |
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543 * There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and |
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544 information. To get a list of these commands, type "C-h C-h C-h". |
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545 |
1736 | 546 15: How do I get a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual? |
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547 |
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548 You can order a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual from the FSF. For |
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549 details see the file etc/ORDERS. |
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550 |
1736 | 551 The full TeX source for the manual also comes in the `man' directory of |
597 | 552 the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to print out this |
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553 420 page manual yourself (see question 18). |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
554 |
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555 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have TeX, |
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556 you can get a PostScript version via anonymous FTP: |
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|
557 |
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558 /ftp.cs.ubc.ca:pub/archive/gnu/manuals_ps/emacs-19.21.ps.gz |
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559 |
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|
560 This site requests that you please CONFINE ANY MAJOR FTPING TO LATE |
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561 EVENINGS OR EARLY MORNINGS OUR TIME (Pacific time zone, GMT-8). A DVI |
1736 | 562 version is also available via FTP: |
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563 |
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|
564 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/emacs-manual-6.0.dvi.gz |
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|
565 |
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|
566 and all prep mirrors (See question 80 for a list). |
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|
567 |
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|
568 A WWW version of the Emacs manual is available on the World-Wide Web at |
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|
569 URL |
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|
570 |
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571 http://asis01.cern.ch/infohtml/emacs/emacs.html |
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572 |
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573 See also question 14 for how to view the manual on-line. |
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574 |
1736 | 575 16: Where can I get documentation on GNU Emacs Lisp? |
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576 |
1736 | 577 Within Emacs, you can type "C-h f" to get the documentation for a |
578 function, "C-h v" for a variable. | |
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579 |
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580 For more information, obtain the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. |
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581 Details on ordering it from FSF are in file etc/ORDERS. |
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582 |
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|
583 For on-line use, a set of pregenerated Info files is available with the |
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|
584 Texinfo source for the Emacs Lisp manual via anonymous FTP at |
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|
585 |
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|
586 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/elisp-manual-19-2.3.tar.gz |
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|
587 |
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588 and all prep mirrors (See question 80 for a list). |
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|
589 |
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590 You can also create the Info files from the Texinfo source. See question |
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591 17 for details on how to install these files on-line. |
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592 |
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593 A WWW version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at |
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|
594 |
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|
595 http://www.cs.indiana.edu/usr/local/www/elisp/lispref/elisp_toc.html |
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596 |
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597 An introduction to Emacs Lisp is available at |
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598 |
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599 http://www.cs.indiana.edu/usr/local/www/elisp/elisp-intro.html |
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600 |
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601 Of course, you can also print this 760-page manual yourself. For |
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602 instructions on how to do this, see question 18. |
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603 |
1736 | 604 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation? |
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605 |
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606 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this |
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607 within Emacs, using "M-x texinfo-format-buffer", or with the standalone |
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608 `makeinfo' program, available as part of the latest Texinfo package via |
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|
609 anonymous ftp from: |
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|
610 |
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|
611 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/texinfo-3.1.tar.gz |
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612 |
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613 and all prep mirrors (See question 80 for a list). |
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614 |
597 | 615 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which |
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616 comes with Emacs. This manual also comes installed in Info format, so |
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617 you can read it on-line. |
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618 |
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619 Neither texinfo-format-buffer nor makeinfo installs the resulting Info |
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620 files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files: |
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621 |
1736 | 622 1. Move the files to the `info' directory in the installed Emacs |
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623 distribution. See question 4 if you don't know where that is. |
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624 |
597 | 625 2. Edit the file info/dir in the installed Emacs distribution, and add a |
626 line for the top level node in the Info package that you are | |
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627 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is: |
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628 |
597 | 629 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic. |
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630 |
597 | 631 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary |
1736 | 632 privileges, you have several options: |
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633 |
1736 | 634 * Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You |
597 | 635 can feed a file name to the Info-goto-node command (invoked by pressing |
636 "g" in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in parentheses. This | |
1736 | 637 goes to the node named `Top' in that file. For example, to view a Info |
638 file named `XXX' in your home directory, you can type this: | |
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639 |
597 | 640 C-h i g (~/XXX) RET |
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641 |
1736 | 642 * You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where the |
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643 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable |
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644 Info-default-directory-list. For example, to use a private Info |
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645 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named `Info', |
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646 you could put this in your .emacs file: |
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647 |
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648 (setq Info-default-directory-list |
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649 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list)) |
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650 |
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651 You will need a top-level Info file named `dir' in this directory which |
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652 has everything the system dir file has in it, except it should list |
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653 only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need it |
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654 if all files in this directory were referenced by other `dir' files. |
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655 The node lists from all dir files in Info-default-directory-list are |
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656 merged by the Info system. |
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657 |
1736 | 658 18: How do I print a Texinfo file? |
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659 |
1736 | 660 NOTE: You can't get nice printed output from Info files; you must still |
661 have the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print. | |
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662 |
597 | 663 1. Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this: |
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664 |
597 | 665 \input texinfo |
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666 |
1736 | 667 You may need to alter `texinfo' to the full pathname of the |
597 | 668 texinfo.tex file, which comes with Emacs as man/texinfo.tex (or copy |
669 or link it into the current directory). | |
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670 |
597 | 671 2. tex XXX.texinfo |
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672 |
597 | 673 3. texindex XXX.?? |
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674 |
1736 | 675 The `texindex' program comes with Emacs as man/texindex.c. |
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676 |
597 | 677 4. tex XXX.texinfo |
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678 |
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679 5. Print the DVI file XXX.dvi in the normal way for printing DVI files at |
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|
680 your site. |
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681 |
597 | 682 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package |
1736 | 683 mentioned in question 17. |
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684 |
1736 | 685 19: Can I view Info files without using GNU Emacs? |
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686 |
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687 Yes, the `info', `xinfo', `tkinfo', and `ivinfo' programs do this. Info |
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688 uses curses, xinfo uses standard X11 libraries, tkinfo uses Tk/Tcl and |
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689 ivinfo uses InterViews. You can get Info as part of the latest Texinfo |
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|
690 package (see question 17). xinfo is available separately: |
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|
691 |
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|
692 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz |
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|
693 |
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|
694 and all prep mirrors (See question 80 for a list). |
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|
695 |
1736 | 696 ivinfo is available in a comp.sources.misc archive or from Tom Horsley |
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697 <tom@ssd.csd.harris.com>. tkinfo is available by anonymous ftp from: |
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|
698 |
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|
699 /ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu:pub/misc/tkinfo-0.6.tar.Z |
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|
700 /ftp.aud.alcatel.com:tcl/code/tkinfo-0.6.tar.gz |
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|
701 |
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|
702 For ivinfo, you need Stanford's InterViews C++ X library, available via |
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|
703 anonymous ftp from interviews.stanford.edu. (A FAQ on InterViews is |
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|
704 available at that site in pub/FAQ.) |
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|
705 |
1736 | 706 20: What informational files are available for GNU Emacs? |
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|
707 |
597 | 708 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of |
709 informational files about GNU Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU | |
710 project are available for you to read. | |
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|
711 |
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712 The following files are available in the `etc' directory of the GNU Emacs |
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|
713 distribution, and also the latest versions are available individually via |
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|
714 anonymous FTP (prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/GNUinfo/): |
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|
715 |
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|
716 APPLE -- Why the FSF doesn't support GNU Emacs on Apple computers |
134 | 717 DISTRIB -- GNU Emacs Availability Information, |
718 including the popular "Free Software Foundation Order Form" | |
719 FTP -- How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP | |
720 GNU -- The GNU Manifesto | |
721 INTERVIEW -- Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain | |
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722 UNIX-compatible software system with BYTE editors |
134 | 723 MACHINES -- Status of GNU Emacs on Various Machines and Systems |
724 MAILINGLISTS -- GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists | |
725 SERVICE -- GNU Service Directory | |
1736 | 726 SUN-SUPPORT -- including "Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs" |
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|
727 |
1736 | 728 These files are available in the `etc' directory of the GNU Emacs |
134 | 729 distribution: |
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|
730 |
134 | 731 COPYING -- GNU Emacs General Public License |
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732 NEWS -- GNU Emacs news, a history of user-visible changes |
597 | 733 LPF -- Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom |
734 FAQ -- GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions (You're reading it) | |
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|
735 |
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|
736 These files are available via anonymous FTP (prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/): |
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737 |
597 | 738 tasks -- GNU Task List |
739 standards.text -- GNU Coding Standards | |
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|
740 |
134 | 741 In addition, all of the above files are available directly from the FSF |
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|
742 via e-mail. Of course, please try to get them from a local source first |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
743 (See question 80 for a list). |
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|
744 |
597 | 745 These additional files are available from the FSF via e-mail: |
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|
746 |
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|
747 * GNU's Bulletin, January 1994 |
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|
748 GNU's Who |
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|
749 GNU's Bulletin |
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|
750 What Is the Free Software Foundation? |
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|
751 What Is Copyleft? |
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|
752 Donations Translate Into Free Software |
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|
753 Cygnus Matches Donations! |
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|
754 GNUs Flashes |
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|
755 What Is the LPF? |
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|
756 News from the LPF |
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|
757 Free Software Support |
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|
758 Project GNU Wish List |
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|
759 Towards a New Strategy of OS Design |
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|
760 Part 1: A More Usable Approach to OS Design |
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761 Part 2: A Look at Some of the Hurd's Beasts |
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|
762 Second Annual GNU Seminar in Japan |
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|
763 GNU and other Free Software in Japan |
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|
764 Freely Available Texts |
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|
765 OCEAN Integrated-Circuit Design System |
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|
766 Hundred Acre Consulting Expands |
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|
767 Project GNU Status Report |
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|
768 GNU Documentation |
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|
769 GNU Software Available Now |
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|
770 Source Code CD-ROM |
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|
771 Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM |
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|
772 Tape & CD-ROM Subscription Service |
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|
773 How to Get GNU Software |
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|
774 The Deluxe Distribution |
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|
775 MS-DOS Distribution |
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|
776 Free Software for Microcomputers |
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|
777 FSF T-shirt |
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|
778 Thank GNUs |
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|
779 Free Software Foundation Order Form |
597 | 780 * Legal issues about contributing code to GNU |
781 * GNU Project Status Report | |
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|
782 |
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|
783 A collection of past GNU's Bulletins is available via anonymous FTP from: |
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|
784 |
1736 | 785 /ftp.funet.fi:pub/gnu/Bulletins/ |
786 | |
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|
787 The latest bulletin is available on the World-Wide Web at URL: |
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|
788 |
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|
789 http://info.desy.de/gnu/www/gnu_bulletin_9401/gnu_bulletin_9401_toc.html |
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790 |
1736 | 791 21: Where can I get help in installing GNU Emacs? |
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|
792 |
1736 | 793 Look in etc/SERVICE for names of companies and individuals who will sell |
794 you this type of service. An up-to-date version of the SERVICE file is | |
795 available on prep.ai.mit.edu (also see question 20). | |
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796 |
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|
797 You might also try the help-gnu-emacs mailing list, which is also known |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
798 as the gnu.emacs.help newsgroup, although many installation questions can |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
799 easily be answered by looking at the PROBLEMS file (in the top-level |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
800 directory when you unpack the Emacs source). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
801 |
1736 | 802 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)? |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
803 |
597 | 804 The GNU Emacs FAQ is available in several ways: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
805 |
1736 | 806 * Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
807 news spool, in both the gnu.emacs.help and comp.emacs newsgroups. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
808 Every news reader should allow you to read any news article that is |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
809 still in the news spool, even if you have read the article before. You |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
810 may need to read the instructions for your news reader to discover how |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
811 to do this. In `rn', this command will do this for you at the article |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
812 selection level: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
813 |
1736 | 814 ?GNU Emacs FAQ?rc:m |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
815 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
816 In Gnus, you should type "C-u c-x c-s" from the *Summary* buffer or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
817 "C-u SPC" from the *Newsgroup* buffer to view all articles in a |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
818 newsgroup. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
819 |
1736 | 820 If the FAQ articles have expired and been deleted from your news spool, |
821 it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
822 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire before for |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
823 a while. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
824 |
1736 | 825 * Via anonymous FTP. You can fetch the FAQ articles via anonymous FTP |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
826 from the-tech.mit.edu, in ~ftp/pub/GNU-Emacs/. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
827 |
1736 | 828 * In the GNU Emacs distribution. Since GNU Emacs 18.56, the latest |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
829 available version of the FAQ at the time of release has been part of |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
830 the GNU Emacs distribution as file etc/FAQ. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
831 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
832 * Via the World-Wide Web. Point your favorite Web browser (Mosaic, Lynx, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
833 w3-mode) to one of the following URLs: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
834 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
835 http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/top.html |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
836 http://scwww.ucs.indiana.edu/FAQ/Emacs/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
837 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
838 * If all goes well, this FAQ should also be available via anonymous ftp |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
839 and e-mail from rtfm.mit.edu, the main repository for FAQs and other |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
840 items posted to news.answers. However, we are omitting explicit |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
841 directions on how to retrieve the FAQ from rtfm.mit.edu, since it's |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
842 possible that it won't end up there right away. (We're new at this |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
843 FAQ-posting business.) Instructions on how to retrieve the FAQ from |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
844 rtfm.mit.edu should be in the next version of the FAQ. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
845 |
1736 | 846 * As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
847 gnu-emacs-faq-maintainers@bigbird.bu.edu. Don't do this unless you |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
848 have made a serious effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
849 methods listed above. |
597 | 850 |
1736 | 851 Status of Emacs |
597 | 852 |
1736 | 853 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from? |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
854 |
1736 | 855 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he "picked |
856 the name `Emacs' because `E' was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
857 the time." The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT by |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
858 RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector (originally Tape |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
859 Editor and COrrector)) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
860 TECO with a "real-time" full screen mode with active keys. Emacs was |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
861 started by Guy Steele <gls@think.com> as a project to unify the many |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
862 divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
863 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
864 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise. See |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
865 alt.lang.teco if you are interested. Someone has written a TECO |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
866 implementation in Emacs Lisp; it would be an interesting project to run |
1736 | 867 the original TECO Emacs inside of GNU Emacs. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
868 |
1736 | 869 24: What is the latest version of GNU Emacs? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
870 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
871 GNU Emacs 19.27 is the current version as of 6 September, 1994. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
872 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
873 25: What is different about GNU Emacs 19? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
874 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
875 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type C-h n (M-x |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
876 view-emacs-news). The oldest changes are at the bottom of the file, so |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
877 you might want to read it starting there, rather than at the top. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
878 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
879 The most obvious changes have to do with the user interface -- GNU Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
880 19 is fully X-aware, and provides pull-down menus and scroll bars. Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
881 19 also supports fonts and colors, including context-specific |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
882 highlighting of source code and other types of buffers. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
883 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
884 Other changes include a line number mode, which displays the current line |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
885 number in the mode line, and default bindings for arrow and paging keys |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
886 that work. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
887 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
888 Lower-level changes include a smarter memory allocation scheme (Emacs now |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
889 returns memory to the operating system when you kill buffers), a better |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
890 byte-compiler, and a source-level Emacs Lisp debugger. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
891 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
892 There are also a number of new Lisp packages, ranging from dunnet (an |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
893 Adventure-like program) to mldrag (allows you to drag the mode line up |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
894 and down with the mouse buttons) to gud (Grand Unified Debugger mode, for |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
895 many flavors of debuggers). A number of popular Lisp packages, such as |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
896 SuperCite and the calendar/diary, are also included. |
1736 | 897 |
898 Common Things People Want To Do | |
899 | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
900 26: How do I set up a .emacs file properly? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
901 |
1736 | 902 See `Init File' in the on-line manual. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
903 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
904 WARNING: In general, new Emacs users should not have .emacs files, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
905 because it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
906 questions to help-gnu-emacs asking why Emacs isn't behaving as |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
907 documented. :-) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
908 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
909 27: How do I debug a .emacs file? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
910 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
911 First start Emacs with the `-debug-init' command-line option. This |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
912 option enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your .emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
913 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
914 line in the trace-back buffer will be the error message, and the second |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
915 or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your .emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
916 that caused the problem. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
917 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
918 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function in |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
919 your .emacs file by moving the cursor to the end of the function or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
920 argument and typing "C-x C-e" (M-x eval-last-sexp). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
921 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
922 Use "C-h v" (M-x describe-variable) to check the value of variables which |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
923 you are trying to set or use. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
924 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
925 28: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
926 |
1736 | 927 To find out what line of the buffer you are on right now, do "M-x |
928 what-line". Use "M-x goto-line" to go to a specific line. To find the | |
929 current column number, type "M-ESC (current-column)". | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
930 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
931 If you use these commands often, you might want to bind them to a key. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
932 See question 104 for instructions on how to do that. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
933 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
934 Typing "C-x l" (or M-x count-lines-page) will also tell you what line you |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
935 are on, provided the buffer isn't separated into "pages" with C-l |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
936 characters. In that case, it will only tell you what line of the current |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
937 "page" you are on. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
938 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
939 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
940 in the mode line, do "M-x line-number-mode". You can also put the form |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
941 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
942 (setq line-number-mode t) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
943 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
944 in your .emacs file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs. Note that |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
945 Emacs will not display the line number if the buffer is larger than the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
946 value of the variable line-number-display-limit. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
947 |
1736 | 948 None of the vi emulation modes provide the `set number' capability of vi |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
949 (as far as we know). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
950 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
951 29: How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode XXX? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
952 |
1736 | 953 Put this in your .emacs file: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
954 |
1736 | 955 (condition-case () |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
956 (quietly-read-abbrev-file) |
1736 | 957 (file-error nil)) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
958 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
959 (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
960 (function |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
961 (lambda () |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
962 (setq abbrev-mode t)))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
963 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
964 30: How do I turn on auto-fill mode by default? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
965 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
966 To turn on auto-fill mode just once for one buffer, use "M-x |
1736 | 967 auto-fill-mode". To turn it on for every buffer in, for example, Text |
968 mode, do this: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
969 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
970 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
971 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
972 If you want auto-fill mode on in all major modes, do this: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
973 |
1736 | 974 (setq-default auto-fill-hook 'do-auto-fill) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
975 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
976 31: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
977 |
1736 | 978 If you want to use XXX mode for all files which end with the extension |
979 `.YYY', this will do it for you: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
980 |
1736 | 981 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.YYY\\'" . XXX-mode) auto-mode-alist)) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
982 |
1736 | 983 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to |
984 edit in XXX mode: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
985 |
1736 | 986 -*-XXX-*- |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
987 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
988 Emacs 19 also includes a new variable, interpreter-mode-alist, that |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
989 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
990 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
991 the file.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't indicate |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
992 which mode to use. Use "C-h v" (or M-x describe-variable) to learn more |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
993 about this variable. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
994 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
995 32: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
996 characters? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
997 |
1736 | 998 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
999 example, `\237', you can type "C-s C-q 2 3 7". (This assumes the value |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1000 of search-quote-char is 17 (i.e., C-q).) Searching for ALL unprintable |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1001 characters is best done with a "regexp" search. The easiest regexp to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1002 use for the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the |
1736 | 1003 printable chars. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1004 |
1736 | 1005 Regexp for the printable chars: [\t\n\r\f -~] |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1006 |
1736 | 1007 Regexp for the unprintable chars: [^\t\n\r\f -~] |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1008 |
1736 | 1009 To type some of these special characters in an interactive argument to |
1010 isearch-forward-regexp or re-search-forward, you need to use C-q. (`\t', | |
1011 `\n', `\r', and `\f' stand respectively for TAB, LFD, RET, and C-l.) So, | |
1012 to search for unprintable characters using re-search-forward: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1013 |
1736 | 1014 M-x re-search-forward RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1015 |
1736 | 1016 Using isearch-forward-regexp: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1017 |
1736 | 1018 M-C-s [^ TAB RET C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1019 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1020 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1021 |
1736 | 1022 M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET RET |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1023 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1024 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable characters |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1025 with a colon, use: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1026 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1027 M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET : RET |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1028 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1029 NOTE: * You don't need to quote TAB with either isearch or typing |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1030 something in the minibuffer. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1031 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1032 33: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1033 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1034 If you are using a windowing system such as X, you can cause the region |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1035 to be highlighted when the mark is active by including |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1036 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1037 (transient-mark-mode t) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1038 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1039 in your .emacs. There are also the following packages for content- based |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1040 highlighting: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1041 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1042 hilit19.el |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1043 font-lock.el |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1044 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1045 34: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1046 |
1736 | 1047 For searching, the value of the variable case-fold-search determines |
1048 whether they are case sensitive: | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1049 |
1736 | 1050 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive |
1051 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1052 |
1736 | 1053 Similarly, for replacing the variable case-replace determines whether |
1054 replacements preserve case. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1055 |
1736 | 1056 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major |
1057 mode's hook. For example: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1058 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1059 (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook |
1736 | 1060 (function |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1061 (lambda () |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1062 (setq case-fold-search nil)))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1063 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1064 35: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1065 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1066 Use auto-fill mode, activated by typing "M-x auto-fill-mode". The |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1067 default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable fill-column. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1068 To learn how to turn this on automatically, see question 30. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1069 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1070 36: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1071 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1072 Use Ispell. See question 101. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1073 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1074 37: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1075 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1076 Use Ispell. See question 101. Ispell can handle TeX and *roff |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1077 documents. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1078 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1079 38: How do I change load-path? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1080 |
1736 | 1081 In general, you should only *add* to the load-path. You can add |
1082 directory /XXX/YYY to the load path like this: | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1083 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1084 (setq load-path (cons "/XXX/YYY/" load-path)) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1085 |
1736 | 1086 To do this relative to your home directory: |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1087 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1088 (setq load-path (cons "~/YYY/" load-path) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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1089 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1090 39: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window? |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1091 |
1736 | 1092 The `emacsclient' program is for editing a file using an already running |
1093 Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does this by sending a | |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1094 request to the already running Emacs, which must be expecting the |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1095 request. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1096 |
1736 | 1097 * Setup |
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|
1098 |
1736 | 1099 Emacs must have executed the `server-start' function for emacsclient to |
1100 work. This can be done either by a command line option: | |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1101 |
1736 | 1102 emacs -f server-start |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1103 |
1736 | 1104 or by invoking server-start from the .emacs file: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1105 |
1736 | 1106 (if (some conditions are met) (server-start)) |
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1107 |
1736 | 1108 When this is done, Emacs starts a subprocess running a program called |
1109 `server'. `server' creates a Unix domain socket in the user's home | |
1110 directory named `.emacs_server'. | |
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|
1111 |
1736 | 1112 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke emacsclient, try |
1113 setting the environment variable EDITOR (or sometimes VISUAL) to the | |
1114 value `emacsclient'. You may have to specify the full pathname of the | |
1115 emacsclient program instead. Examples: | |
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|
1116 |
1736 | 1117 # csh commands: |
1118 setenv EDITOR emacsclient | |
1119 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient # using full pathname | |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1120 |
1736 | 1121 # sh command: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1122 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1123 |
1736 | 1124 * Normal use |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1125 |
1736 | 1126 When emacsclient is run, it connects to the `.emacs_server' socket and |
1127 passes its command line options to `server'. When `server' receives | |
1128 these requests, it sends this information on the the Emacs process, | |
1129 which at the next opportunity will visit the files specified. (Line | |
1130 numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.) The user will have to | |
1131 switch to the Emacs window by hand. When the user is done editing a | |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1132 file, the user can type "C-x #" (or M-x server-edit) to indicate this. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1133 If there is another buffer requested by emacsclient, Emacs will switch |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1134 to it; otherwise emacsclient will exit, signaling the calling program |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1135 to continue. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1136 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1137 NOTE: `emacsclient' and `server' must be running on machines which |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1138 share the same filesystem for this to work. The pathnames that |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1139 emacsclient specifies should be correct for the filesystem that the |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1140 Emacs process sees. The Emacs process should not be suspended at the |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1141 time emacsclient is invoked. emacsclient should either be invoked from |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1142 another X window or from a shell window inside Emacs itself. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1143 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1144 There is an enhanced version of emacsclient/server called `gnuserv' by |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1145 Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> which is available in the Emacs Lisp |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1146 Archive. gnuserv uses Internet domain sockets, so it can work across |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1147 most network connections. It also supports the execution of arbitrary |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1148 Emacs Lisp forms and also does not require the client program to wait |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1149 for completion. It is available via anonymous FTP (Emacs Lisp Archive: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1150 packages/gnuserv.shar). |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1151 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1152 40: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages? |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1153 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1154 The variable compilation-error-regexp-alist helps control how Emacs |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1155 parses your compiler output. It is a list of triples of the form: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1156 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1157 (REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX) |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1158 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1159 where REGEXP, FILE-IDX and LINE-IDX are strings. To help determine what |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1160 the constituent elements should be, load compile.el and then use |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1161 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1162 C-h v compilation-error-regexp-alist RET |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1163 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1164 to see the current value. A good idea is to look at compile.el itself as |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1165 the comments included for this variable are quite useful -- the regular |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1166 expressions required for your compiler's output may be very close to one |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1167 already provided. Once you have determined the proper regexps, use the |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1168 following to inform Emacs of your changes: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1169 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1170 (setq compilation-error-regexp-alist |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1171 (cons '(REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX) |
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|
1172 compilation-error-regexp-alist)) |
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|
1173 |
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|
1174 41: How do I indent switch statements like this? |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1175 |
1736 | 1176 Many people want to indent their switch statements like this: |
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|
1177 |
1736 | 1178 f() |
1179 { | |
1180 switch(x) { | |
1181 case A: | |
1182 x1; | |
1183 break; | |
1184 case B: | |
1185 x2; | |
1186 break; | |
1187 default: | |
1188 x3; | |
1189 } | |
1190 } | |
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|
1191 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1192 The solution at first appears to be: set c-indent-level to 4 and |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1193 c-label-offset to -2. However, this will give you an indentation spacing |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1194 of four instead of two. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1195 |
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1196 The solution is to use cc-mode (available from the Emacs Lisp Archive) |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1197 and add the following line: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1198 |
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|
1199 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+) |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1200 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1201 There appears to be no way to do this with the old c-mode. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1202 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1203 42: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally? |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1204 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1205 Use hscroll.el by Wayne Mesard <wmesard@esd.sgi.com>. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1206 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1207 43: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting? |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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1208 |
1736 | 1209 M-x overwrite-mode (a minor mode). |
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1210 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1211 On some workstations, the "Insert" key toggles insert and overwrite |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1212 modes. |
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|
1213 |
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|
1214 44: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal? |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1215 |
1736 | 1216 Martin R. Frank <martin@cc.gatech.edu> writes: |
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|
1217 |
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1218 Tell Emacs to use the `visible bell' instead of the audible bell, and |
1736 | 1219 set the visible bell to nothing. |
11822
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1220 |
1736 | 1221 Put this in your TERMCAP environment variable: |
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1222 |
1736 | 1223 ... :vb=: ... |
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1224 |
1736 | 1225 And evaluate this: |
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|
1226 |
1736 | 1227 (setq visible-bell t) |
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|
1228 |
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|
1229 45: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows? |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1230 |
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|
1231 You can adjust the bell volume and duration for all programs with the |
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|
1232 shell command xset. |
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|
1233 |
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|
1234 Invoking xset without any arguments produces some basic information, |
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|
1235 including the following: |
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|
1236 |
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|
1237 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ... |
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|
1238 To turn bell off: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1239 -b b off b 0 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1240 To set bell volume, pitch and duration: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1241 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on |
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|
1242 |
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|
1243 46: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1244 indentation of the previous line? |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1245 |
1736 | 1246 One solution is Indented Text Mode (M-x indented-text-mode). |
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|
1247 |
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|
1248 If you have auto-fill mode on (a minor mode, see question 30), you can |
1736 | 1249 tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain character sequence, the |
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|
1250 "fill prefix." Type the prefix at the beginning of a line, position |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1251 point after it, and then type "C-x ." (set-fill-prefix) to set the fill |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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changeset
|
1252 prefix. Thereafter, auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1253 at the beginning of new lines, and M-q (fill-paragraph) will maintain any |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1254 fill prefix when refilling the paragraph. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1255 |
1736 | 1256 NOTE: If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you |
1257 will have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move | |
1258 to a new paragraph. To avoid this hassle, try one of the many packages | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1259 available from the Emacs Lisp Archive. Look up `fill' and `indent' in |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1260 the Lisp Code Directory for guidance. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1261 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1262 47: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1263 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1264 GNU Emacs 19 comes with paren.el, which (when loaded) will automatically |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1265 highlight matching parentheses whenever point (i.e., the cursor) is |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1266 located over one. To load paren automatically, include the line |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1267 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1268 (require 'paren) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1269 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1270 in your .emacs file. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1271 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1272 Alternatives to paren include: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1273 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1274 * If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1275 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will blink the cursor on the matching |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1276 parenthesis. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1277 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1278 * M-C-f (forward-sexp) and M-C-b (backward-sexp) will skip over one set |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1279 of balanced parentheses, so you can see which parentheses match. (You |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1280 can train it to skip over balanced brackets and braces at the same time |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1281 by modifying the syntax table.) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1282 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1283 * Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the % key show the matching |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1284 parenthesis, like in vi. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1285 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1286 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1287 ;; By an unknown contributor |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1288 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1289 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1290 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1291 (defun match-paren (arg) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1292 "Go to the matching parenthesis if on parenthesis otherwise insert %." |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1293 (interactive "p") |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1294 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1)) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1295 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1)) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1296 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1))))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1297 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1298 48: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1299 commands are handled by the compiler? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1300 |
1736 | 1301 M-x hide-ifdef-mode. (This is a minor mode.) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1302 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1303 49: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1304 |
1736 | 1305 (`.' is the redo command in vi. It redoes the last insertion/deletion.) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1306 |
1736 | 1307 No, not really. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1308 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1309 You can type "C-x ESC ESC" (repeat-complex-command) to reinvoke commands |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1310 that used the minibuffer to get arguments. In repeat-complex-command you |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1311 can type M-p and M-n to scan through all the different complex commands |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1312 you've typed. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1313 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1314 To repeat something on each line, use keyboard macros. (See `Keyboard |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1315 Macros' in the on-line manual.) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1316 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1317 50: What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1318 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1319 See Emacs man page, or "Resources X" in the on-line manual. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1320 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1321 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1322 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1323 was compiled with the X toolkit. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1324 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1325 51: How do I execute a piece of Emacs Lisp code? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1326 |
1736 | 1327 There are a number of ways to execute (called "evaluate") an Emacs Lisp |
1328 "form": | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1329 |
1736 | 1330 * If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file |
1331 named `.emacs' in your home directory. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1332 |
1736 | 1333 * You can type the form in the *scratch* buffer, and then type LFD (or |
1334 C-j) after it. The result of evaluating the form will be inserted in | |
1335 the buffer. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1336 |
1736 | 1337 * In Emacs-Lisp mode, typing M-C-x evaluates a top-level form before or |
1338 around point. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1339 |
1736 | 1340 * Typing "C-x C-e" in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately |
1341 before point and prints its value in the echo area. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1342 |
1736 | 1343 * Typing M-ESC or M-x eval-expression allows you to type a Lisp form in |
1344 the minibuffer which will be evaluated. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1345 |
1736 | 1346 * You can use M-x load-file to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp forms in |
1347 a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function `load' instead.) | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1348 |
1736 | 1349 These functions are also used for evaluating Lisp forms: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1350 |
1736 | 1351 load-library, eval-region, eval-current-buffer, require, autoload |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1352 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1353 52: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1354 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1355 Set the variable default-tab-width. For example, to set tab stops every |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1356 10 characters, insert the following in your .emacs file: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1357 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1358 (setq default-tab-width 10) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1359 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1360 53: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1361 |
1736 | 1362 Type "M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET > RET". |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1363 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1364 To do this only in the region, type "C-x n n M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET |
1736 | 1365 > RET C-x w". |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1366 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1367 WARNING: The command narrow-to-region (C-x n n) is disabled by default |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1368 because it can be very confusing (i.e., "Oh no! Where did my file go?"). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1369 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1370 54: How do I insert `_^H' before each character in a paragraph to get an |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1371 underlined paragraph? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1372 |
1736 | 1373 M-x underline-region. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1374 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1375 55: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1376 |
1736 | 1377 Use "C-x (" and "C-x )" to make a keyboard macro that invokes the command |
1378 and then type "M-0 C-x e". | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1379 |
1736 | 1380 WARNING: any messages your command prints in the echo area will be |
1381 suppressed. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1382 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1383 56: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1384 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1385 |
1736 | 1386 M-x picture-mode. (This is a minor mode, in theory anyway ...) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1387 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1388 57: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1389 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1390 "C-z" iconifies Emacs when running in X and suspends Emacs otherwise. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1391 See `Misc X' in the on-line manual. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1392 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1393 58: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1394 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1395 See `Regexps' in the on-line manual. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1396 |
1736 | 1397 WARNING: The "or" operator is `\|', not `|', and the grouping operators |
1398 are `\(' and `\)'. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is "\\". | |
1399 Thus, the string syntax for a regular expression like xxx\(foo\|bar\) is | |
1400 "xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)". Notice the duplicated backslashes! | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1401 |
1736 | 1402 WARNING: Unlike in Unix grep, sed, etc., a complement character set |
1403 ([^...]) can match a newline character (LFD aka C-j aka \n), unless | |
1404 newline is mentioned as one of the characters not to match. | |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1405 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1406 WARNING: The character syntax regexps (e.g., `\sw') are not meaningful |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1407 inside character set regexps (e.g., `[aeiou]'). (This is actually |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1408 typical for regexp syntax.) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1409 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1410 59: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1411 |
1736 | 1412 The "tags" feature of Emacs includes the command tags-query-replace which |
1413 performs a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the TAGS file. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1414 See `Tags:Tags Search' in the on-line manual. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1415 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1416 In addition, Martin Boyer has written a package named global-replace |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1417 which will perform a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1418 *compilation* buffer (usually done after a `grep'), which is available |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1419 via anonymous FTP: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1420 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1421 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/compile.el.z |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1422 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/global-replace.el.z |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1423 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/query.el.z |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1424 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1425 NOTE: These files are compressed using GNU zip ("gzip"); you can get a |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1426 copy from gzip from prep and its mirrors (see question 80). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1427 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1428 60: Where is the documentation for `etags'? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1429 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1430 The `etags' man page should be in the same place as the `emacs' man page. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
1431 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1432 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1433 `etags -H'. |
1736 | 1434 |
1435 | |
1436 Bugs/Problems | |
1437 | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1438 61: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes? |
12307
03b002b0fe23
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
11822
diff
changeset
|
1439 [This problem has been solved better in Emacs 19.29 because the buffer |
03b002b0fe23
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
11822
diff
changeset
|
1440 size limit is now 16 times as large.] |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1441 |
1736 | 1442 Most installed versions of GNU Emacs will use 24-bit signed integers (and |
1443 24-bit pointers) internally. This limits the file size that Emacs can | |
1444 handle to 8,388,607 bytes (2^23 - 1). | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1445 |
1736 | 1446 Leonard N. Zubkoff <lnz@lucid.com> suggests putting the following two |
1447 lines in src/config.h before compiling Emacs to allow for 26-bit integers | |
1448 and pointers (and thus filesizes of up to 33,554,431 bytes): | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1449 |
1736 | 1450 #define VALBITS 26 |
1451 #define GCTYPEBITS 5 | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1452 |
1736 | 1453 WARNING: This method may result in `ILLEGAL DATATYPE' and other random |
1454 errors on some machines. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1455 |
1736 | 1456 David Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> gives an explanation of why |
1457 Emacs uses 24 bit integers and pointers: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1458 |
1736 | 1459 Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed |
1460 language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any | |
1461 variable, or return it from a function, and so on. So each value must | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1462 carry a "tag" along with it identifying what kind of thing it is, e.g., |
1736 | 1463 integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and so on. |
1464 Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the top 8 | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1465 bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value. So integers |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1466 (and pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C integers and |
1736 | 1467 pointers. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1468 |
1736 | 1469 Emacs uses 8-bit tags because that's a little faster on byte-oriented |
1470 machines, but there are only really enough tags to require 6 bits. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1471 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1472 62: How do I get rid of the ^M junk in my shell buffer? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1473 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1474 Try typing "M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m RET" while in shell-mode to make them |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1475 go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1476 |
1736 | 1477 For tcsh, put this in your `.cshrc' (or `.tcshrc') file: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1478 |
1736 | 1479 if ($?EMACS) then |
1480 if ("$EMACS" == t) then | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1481 if ($?tcsh) unset edit |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1482 stty nl |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1483 endif |
1736 | 1484 endif |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1485 |
1736 | 1486 Or put this in your .emacs_tcsh file: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1487 |
1736 | 1488 unset edit |
1489 stty nl | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1490 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1491 Alternatively, use csh in your shell buffers instead of tcsh. One way |
1736 | 1492 is: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1493 |
1736 | 1494 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh") |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1495 |
1736 | 1496 and another is to do this in your .cshrc (or .tcshrc) file: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1497 |
1736 | 1498 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1499 |
1736 | 1500 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly |
1501 set for this to take effect.) | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1502 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1503 63: Why do I get `Process shell exited abnormally with code 1'? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1504 |
1736 | 1505 The most likely reason for this message is that the `env' program is not |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1506 properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture, and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1507 install it with a+x permission in the architecture-dependent Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1508 program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your site by |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1509 inspecting the value of the variable exec-directory by typing "C-h v |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1510 exec-directory RET".) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1511 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1512 You should also check for other programs named `env' in your path (e.g., |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1513 SunOS has a program named /usr/bin/env). We don't understand why this |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1514 can cause a failure and don't know a general solution for working around |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1515 the problem in this case. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1516 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1517 The `make clean' command will remove `env' and other vital programs, so |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1518 be careful when using it. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1519 |
1736 | 1520 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1521 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the |
1736 | 1522 xterm was later terminated. |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1523 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1524 See also PROBLEMS (in the top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
1525 source) for other possible causes of this message. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1526 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1527 64: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type `emacs'? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1528 |
1736 | 1529 The termcap entry for terminal type `emacs' is ordinarily put in the |
1530 TERMCAP environment variable of subshells. It may help in certain | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1531 situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an entry for |
1736 | 1532 `emacs' to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a correct termcap entry |
1533 for `emacs': | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1534 |
1736 | 1535 emacs:tc=unknown: |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1536 |
1736 | 1537 To make a terminfo entry for `emacs', use `tic' or `captoinfo'. You need |
1538 to generate /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs. It may work to simply copy | |
1539 /usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb to /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1540 |
1736 | 1541 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen |
1542 programs in shell buffers. Use M-x terminal-emulator for that instead. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1543 |
1736 | 1544 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to |
1545 change terminal type `emacs' to type `dumb' or `unknown' in your shell | |
1546 start up file. `csh' users could put this in their .cshrc files: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1547 |
1736 | 1548 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1549 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1550 65: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying `I-search:' and beeping? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1551 |
1736 | 1552 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is |
1553 sending C-s and C-q for flow control, and Emacs is receiving these | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1554 characters and interpreting them as commands. (The C-s character |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1555 normally invokes the isearch-forward command.) For possible solutions, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1556 see question 110. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1557 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1558 66: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1559 |
1736 | 1560 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1561 gethostbyname than the rest of the programs on the machine. This is |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1562 often manifested as a message on startup of `X server not responding. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1563 Check your DISPLAY environment variable.' or a message of `Unknown host' |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1564 from open-network-stream. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1565 |
1736 | 1566 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C |
1567 library. The version of gethostbyname in the static C library may only | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1568 look in /etc/hosts and the NIS (YP) maps, while the version in the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1569 dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in addition to or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1570 instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V R3.6, the version |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1571 of gethostbyname in the standard library works, but the one that works |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1572 with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet). Other operating systems |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1573 have similar problems. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1574 |
1736 | 1575 Try these options: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1576 |
1736 | 1577 * Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to /etc/hosts. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1578 |
1736 | 1579 * Relink Emacs with this line in src/config.h: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1580 |
1736 | 1581 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1582 |
1736 | 1583 * Replace gethostbyname and friends in libc.a with more useful versions |
1584 such as the ones in libresolv.a. Then relink Emacs. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1585 |
1736 | 1586 * If you are actually running NIS, make sure that `ypbind' is properly |
1587 told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1588 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1589 * Use tcp.el and tcp.c from Gnus. This has the additional advantage that |
1736 | 1590 you can use numeric IP addresses instead of names. open-network-stream |
1591 currently can't handle numeric addresses. Brian Thomson | |
1592 <thomson@hub.toronto.edu> has a enhancement to open-network-stream to | |
1593 allow it to handle numeric addresses. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1594 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1595 67: Why does Emacs say `Error in init file'? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1596 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1597 An error occurred while loading either your .emacs file or the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1598 system-wide lisp/default.el file. For information on how to debug your |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1599 .emacs file, see question 27. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1600 |
1736 | 1601 It may be the case that you may need to load some package first, or use a |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1602 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1603 of this is explained in question 106. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1604 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1605 68: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1606 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1607 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1608 by the XFILESEARCHPATH, XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, and XAPPLRESDIR environment |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1609 variables, emulating the functionality provided by programs written using |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1610 Xt. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1611 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1612 XFILESEARCHPATH and XUSERFILESEARCHPATH should be a list of file names |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1613 separated by colons; XAPPLRESDIR should be a list of directory names |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1614 separated by colons. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1615 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1616 Emacs searches for X resources |
1736 | 1617 |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1618 + specified on the command line, with the `-xrm RESOURCESTRING' |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1619 option, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1620 + then in the value of the XENVIRONMENT environment variable, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1621 - or if that is unset, in the file named ~/.Xdefaults-HOSTNAME if it |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1622 exists |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1623 (where HOSTNAME is the hostname of the machine Emacs is running on), |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1624 + then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1625 provided by the server, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1626 - or if those properties are unset, in the file named ~/.Xdefaults |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1627 if it exists, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1628 + then in the files listed in XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1629 - or in files named LANG/Emacs in directories listed in XAPPLRESDIR |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1630 (where LANG is the value of the LANG environment variable), if |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1631 the LANG environment variable is set, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1632 - or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in XAPPLRESDIR |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1633 - or in ~/LANG/Emacs (if the LANG environment variable is set), |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1634 - or in ~/Emacs, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1635 + then in the files listed in XFILESEARCHPATH. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1636 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1637 69: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1638 |
1736 | 1639 The usual cause is that the master lock file, `!!!SuperLock!!!' has been |
1640 left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1641 |
1736 | 1642 Mark Meuer <meuer@geom.umn.edu> says that NeXT NFS has a bug where an |
1643 exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This can cause the | |
1644 same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work over NFS anyway, | |
1645 the best solution is to recompile Emacs with CLASH_DETECTION undefined. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1646 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1647 70: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1648 |
1736 | 1649 When entering a filename in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand |
1650 a `$' followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress this | |
1651 behavior, type "$$" instead. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1652 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1653 71: Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1654 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1655 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1656 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1657 guess by recognizing `cd' commands. If you type `cd' followed by a |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1658 directory name with a variable reference (`cd $HOME/bin') or with a shell |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1659 metacharacter (`cd ../lib*'), Emacs will fail to correctly guess the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1660 shell's new current directory. A huge variety of fixes and enhancements |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1661 to shell mode for this problem have been written to handle this problem. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1662 Check the Lisp Code Directory (see question 77). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1663 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1664 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command "M-x |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1665 dirs". |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1666 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1667 72: Are there any security risks in GNU Emacs? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1668 |
1736 | 1669 * the `movemail' incident (No, this is not a risk.) |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1670 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1671 In his book "The Cuckoo's Egg," Cliff Stoll describes this in chapter |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1672 4. The site at LBL had installed the `etc/movemail' program setuid |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1673 root. (As of version 19, movemail is in your architecture-specific |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1674 directory; type "C-h v directory RET" to see what it is.) Since |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1675 `movemail' had not been designed for this situation, a security hole |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1676 was created and users could get root privileges. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1677 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1678 `movemail' has since been changed so that even if it is installed |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1679 setuid root this security hole will not be a result. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1680 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1681 We have heard unverified reports that the Internet worm took advantage |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1682 of this configuration problem. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1683 |
1736 | 1684 * the file-local-variable feature (Yes, a risk, but easy to change.) |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1685 |
1736 | 1686 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1687 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1688 near the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1689 have arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited. |
1736 | 1690 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this |
1691 feature. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1692 |
1736 | 1693 If you set the variable inhibit-local-variables to a non-nil value, |
1694 Emacs will display the special local variable settings of a file that | |
1695 you visit and ask you if you really want them. This variable is not | |
1696 mentioned in the manual. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1697 |
1736 | 1698 It is wise to do this in lisp/site-init.el before building Emacs: |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1699 |
1736 | 1700 (setq inhibit-local-variables t) |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1701 |
1736 | 1702 If Emacs has already been built, the expression can be put in |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1703 lisp/default.el instead, or an individual can put it in their own |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1704 .emacs file. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1705 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1706 The ability to exploit this feature by sending e-mail to an Rmail user |
1736 | 1707 was fixed sometime after Emacs 18.52. However, any new package that |
1708 uses find-file or find-file-noselect has to be careful about this. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1709 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1710 For more information, see `File Variables' in the on-line manual |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1711 (which, incidentally, does not describe how to disable the feature). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1712 |
1736 | 1713 * synthetic X events (Yes, a risk, use MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 or better.) |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1714 |
1736 | 1715 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the SendEvent request as |
1716 though they were regular events. As a result, if you are using the | |
1717 trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X | |
3591
507f64624555
Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
2703
diff
changeset
|
1718 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do |
507f64624555
Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
2703
diff
changeset
|
1719 anything, including run other processes with your privileges. |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1720 |
1736 | 1721 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open |
1722 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real | |
1723 authentication mechanism, such as MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. If using the | |
1724 `xauth' program has any effect, then you are probably using | |
1725 MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. Your site may be using a superior authentication | |
1726 method; ask your system administrator. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1727 |
1736 | 1728 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by |
1729 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X | |
1730 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1731 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1732 DOES NOT ELIMINATE THE RISK. |
1736 | 1733 |
1734 | |
1735 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs | |
1736 | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1737 73: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
1738 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1739 First look in the file PROBLEMS (in the top-level directory when you |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1740 unpack the Emacs source) to see if there is already a solution for your |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1741 problem. Next check the FAQ (you're reading it). If you don't find a |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
1742 solution, then report your problem via e-mail to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1743 bug-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. Please do not post it to gnu.emacs.help |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
1744 or e-mail it to help-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. For further guidelines, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1745 see question 8. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1746 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1747 74: How do I stop Emacs from failing when the executable is stripped? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1748 |
1736 | 1749 Don't do that. |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1750 |
1736 | 1751 This problem has been reported on SGI Indigo machines running Irix 4.0.* |
1752 and RS/6000 machines. Scott Henry <scotth@hoshi.corp.SGi.COM> posted a | |
1753 patch that fixes the problem for Irix. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1754 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1755 75: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1756 |
1736 | 1757 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library, |
1758 libX11.a. This may be missing. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1759 |
1736 | 1760 Under OpenWindows, you may need to use `add_services' to add the |
1761 `OpenWindows Programmers' optional software category from the CD-ROM. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1762 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1763 Under HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run `update' again to load the X11-PRG |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1764 `fileset'. This may be missing even if you specified `all filesets' the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1765 first time. If libcurses.a is missing, you may need to load the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1766 `Berkeley Development Option' {???}. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1767 |
1736 | 1768 If you are building the MIT X11 sources, you may need to modify your |
1769 `site.cf' file to get static versions of the libraries. (Info from David | |
1770 Zuhn <zoo@cygnus.com>.) | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1771 |
1736 | 1772 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define |
1773 CANNOT_DUMP and link with the shared libraries instead. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1774 |
1736 | 1775 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's |
1776 liboldX.a. | |
1777 | |
1778 | |
1779 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages | |
1780 | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1781 76: Where can I get GNU Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1782 |
1736 | 1783 Look in the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for information on nearby |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1784 archive sites and etc/ORDERS for mail orders. If you don't already have |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1785 GNU Emacs, see question 20 for how to get these files. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1786 |
1736 | 1787 The latest version is always available via anonymous FTP at MIT: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1788 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1789 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/emacs-19.27.tar.gz |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1790 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1791 See question 80 for information on where to get other GNU software. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1792 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1793 77: How do I find a GNU Emacs Lisp package that does XXX? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1794 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1795 A listing of Emacs Lisp packages, called the Lisp Code Directory, is |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1796 being maintained by Dave Brennan <brennan@hal.com>. You can search |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1797 through this list to learn if someone has written something that fits |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1798 your needs. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1799 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
1800 This list is file LCD-datafile.Z in the Emacs Lisp Archive (see the next |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1801 question for retrieval instructions). The files lispdir.el.Z and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1802 lispdir.doc in the archive contain Lisp code and information to help you |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1803 use the list. Once you have installed lispdir.el and LCD-datafile, then |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1804 you can use the `M-x lisp-dir-apropos' command to search the listing. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1805 For example, the command `M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET ange-ftp RET' produces |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1806 this output: |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1807 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1808 GNU Emacs Lisp Code Directory Apropos -- "ange-ftp" |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1809 "~/" refers to archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1810 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1811 ange-ftp (4.18) 15-Jul-1992 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1812 Andy Norman, <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1813 ~/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1814 transparent FTP Support for GNU Emacs |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1815 auto-save (1.19) 01-May-1992 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1816 Sebastian Kremer, <sk@thp.uni-koeln.de> |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1817 ~/misc/auto-save.el.Z |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1818 Safer autosaving with support for ange-ftp and /tmp |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1819 ftp-quik (1.0) 28-Jul-1993 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1820 Terrence Brannon, <tb06@pl122f.eecs.lehigh.edu> |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1821 ~/modes/ftp-quik.el.Z |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1822 Quik access to dired'ing of ange-ftp and normal paths |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1823 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1824 78: Where can I get GNU Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs? |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1825 |
1736 | 1826 First, check the Lisp Code Directory to find the name of the package you |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1827 are looking for (see question 77). Next, check local archives and the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1828 Emacs Lisp Archive to find a copy of the relevant files. If you still |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1829 haven't found it, you can send e-mail to the author asking for a copy. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1830 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1831 You can access the Emacs Lisp Archive via anonymous FTP: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1832 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1833 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1834 /ftp.cs.umn.edu:pub/elisp-archive/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1835 /calypso-2.oit.unc.edu:pub/gnu/elisp-archive/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1836 /ftp.uu.net:packages/gnu/emacs-lisp/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1837 /gatekeeper.dec.com:pub/GNU/elisp-archive/ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1838 /nic.switch.ch:mirror/elisp-archive/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1839 /ftp.diku.dk:pub/elisp-archive/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1840 /quepasa.cs.tu-berlin.de:pub/gnu/elisp/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1841 /faui43.informatik.uni-erlangen.de:pub/gnu/elisp-archive/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1842 /ftp.uni-mainz.de:pub/gnu/elisp-archive/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1843 /nic.funet.fi:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1844 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/EmacsBits/elisp-archive/ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1845 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1846 Retrieve and read the file README first. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
1847 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1848 NOTE: * The archive maintainers do not have time to answer individual |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1849 requests for packages or the list of packages in the archive. If |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1850 you cannot use FTP or UUCP to access the archive yourself, try to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1851 find a friend who can, but please don't ask the maintainers. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1852 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1853 * Any files with names ending in `.Z', `.z', or `.gz' are |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1854 compressed, so you should use `binary' mode in FTP to retrieve |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
1855 them. You should also use binary mode whenever you retrieve any |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1856 files with names ending in `.elc'. |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1857 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1858 79: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive? |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1859 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1860 Guidelines and procedures for submission to the archive can be found in |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1861 the file GUIDELINES in the archive directory (see question 78). It |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1862 covers documentation, copyrights, packaging, submission, and the Lisp |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1863 Code Directory Record. Anonymous FTP uploads are not permitted. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1864 Instead, all submissions are mailed to elisp-archive@cis.ohio-state.edu. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1865 The lispdir.el package has a function named submit-lcd-entry which will |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1866 help you with this. |
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1867 |
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1868 80: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff? |
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1869 |
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1870 The most up-to-date official GNU stuff is normally kept on |
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1871 prep.ai.mit.edu and is available for anonymous FTP in the pub/gnu |
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1872 directory. Read the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for more information |
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1873 (see question 20 for retrieval instructions). |
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1874 |
1736 | 1875 The following sites are all mirror images of the GNU distribution area: |
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1876 |
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1877 /col.hp.com:mirrors/gnu/ |
1736 | 1878 /ftp.uu.net:packages/gnu/ |
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1879 /ftp.win.tue.nl:pub/gnu/ |
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1880 /gatekeeper.dec.com:pub/GNU/ |
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1881 /nic.funet.fi:pub/gnu/ |
1736 | 1882 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/ (available via FTP, NIFTP, FTAM) |
1883 /utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:ftpsync/prep/ | |
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1884 /wuarchive.wustl.edu:systems/gnu/ |
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1885 |
1736 | 1886 The directory at ftp.uu.net is a mirror of prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu, |
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1887 except that files larger than one megabyte are split into multiple parts. |
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1888 If you have trouble transferring large files, you should try here. A |
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1889 file normally named `XXX' is split into files XXX-split/part[0-9][0-9], |
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1890 and there will be a file named XXX-split/README which contains the list |
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1891 of parts (especially helpful when FTP-ing by e-mail), their checksums, |
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1892 and reassembly instructions. |
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1893 |
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1894 81: What is the difference between Emacs and Epoch? |
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1895 |
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1896 Epoch was a modified version of GNU Emacs. It was merged |
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1897 into XEmacs (formerly "Lucid Emacs"), and the Epoch redisplay, now |
12307
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1898 being totally rewritten, is slated to be merged into Emacs when the |
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1899 rewrite is done. |
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1900 |
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1901 82: What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid |
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1902 Emacs")? |
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1903 |
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1904 XEmacs is a modified version of GNU Emacs. |
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1905 |
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1906 A comparison between the two versions, written by the XEmacs |
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1907 maintainers, had been included here. Richard Stallman removed it |
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1908 from this copy of the FAQ because it was unfair. It was (1) |
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1909 one-sided, listing only advantages of XEmacs and not advantages of |
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1910 the principal version of Emacs, (2) biased, stating the opinions |
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1911 of the XEmacs maintainers, and (3) out of date, listing as advantages of |
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1912 XEmacs features which in fact both versions have. |
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1913 |
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1914 83: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS? |
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1915 |
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1916 Recent releases of GNU Emacs 19 should compile right out of the box on |
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1917 PCs with a 386 or better, running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. You will need the |
14919 | 1918 following to compile it: |
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1919 |
14996 | 1920 Compiler: djgpp version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp v2.0 or later is |
1921 recommended, since v1.x is being phased out--if you'll have any | |
1922 djgpp-related problem for which there is no known solution, you | |
1923 are on your own when you use djgpp v1.x. | |
1924 | |
1925 You can get the latest release of either v1.x or v2.0 by | |
1926 grabbing everything in the following directory (using anonymous | |
1927 ftp): | |
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1928 |
16506
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1929 ftp.simtel.net:/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp |
14919 | 1930 |
14996 | 1931 There are a few directories under djgpp whose names begin with |
1932 `v1' or `v2'; get the contents of `v2' and `v2gnu' (for djgpp | |
1933 v2) or `v1' and `v1gnu' (for djgpp v1). | |
14919 | 1934 |
1935 GUnZip and Tar: | |
1936 | |
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1937 The easiest way is to use `djtar' which comes with DJGPP v2.x, |
14996 | 1938 because it can unzip .tar.gz archives on-the-fly (so you won't |
1939 need twice the required disk space while untarring the | |
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1940 archive). You get `djtar' with the `v2/djdev201.zip' file from |
14996 | 1941 the above FTP server. |
1942 | |
1943 Another (slower) version of Tar which unzips automatically is | |
1944 available by anonymous ftp on this site: | |
1945 | |
1946 ftp.kiae.su:msdos/arcers/tar320fp.zip | |
1947 | |
1948 Or you can unZip the archive with the DJGPP port of GZip (from | |
16506
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1949 the above directory at ftp.simtel.net look for v2/gzp124b.zip), |
14996 | 1950 then unTar it with any of the Tar ports floating around. A |
1951 DOS version of GNU tar is available via anonymous ftp from | |
1952 | |
1953 ftp.unipg.it:/pub/msdos/aspi/gtar-exe.zip | |
1954 | |
1955 Note that DOS ports of GNU Tar usually cannot unzip compressed | |
1956 archives. | |
1957 | |
1958 Another version of Tar for DOS can be found at | |
1959 | |
1960 ftp.urc.tue.nl:pub/unixtools/dos | |
1961 | |
1962 However, be warned that not all DOS versions of tar work | |
1963 equally well, so you might have to try others if this one gives | |
1964 you trouble. | |
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1965 |
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1966 Utilities: chmod, make, mv, sed, rm. |
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1967 |
14919 | 1968 All of these utilities are available via anonymous ftp from |
1969 the site | |
1970 | |
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1971 ftp.simtel.net:/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu |
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1972 |
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1973 You should grab the file fil313b.zip (contains chmod.exe, |
14919 | 1974 mv.exe, and rm.exe). |
1975 | |
14996 | 1976 A port of GNU Sed is available in the djgpp archives in the |
1977 above directory on ftp.coast.net. Look for a file named | |
1978 v2/sed118b.zip or v1/sed118bn.zip. | |
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1979 |
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1980 The file etc/MSDOS contains some information on the differences between |
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1981 the Unix and MS-DOS versions of GNU Emacs. |
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1982 |
14996 | 1983 MS-DOS systems are notorious in the problems they present when installing |
1984 programs, due to a great variability in both hardware and software. If | |
1985 you have any unusual problems compiling or using Emacs, please consult | |
1986 the latest version of the djgpp FAQ list, available as v2/faqNNNb.zip, | |
1987 where `NNN' is the version number. For v1, get the file v1/faq102.zip. | |
1988 | |
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1989 If you would prefer not to compile Emacs by yourself, you can get |
14919 | 1990 binaries for Emacs via anonymous ftp from many sites; use your Archie |
1991 client to search for them. | |
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1992 |
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1993 You might also be interested in Demacs, which runs under MS-DOS (*not* |
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1994 Microsoft Windows; see question 84) on 386- and 486-based PCs. Demacs is |
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1995 a port of Nemacs (see question 126), rather than a straight port of GNU |
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1996 Emacs 18 or 19. |
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1997 |
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1998 Demacs was developed using an MS-DOS version of gcc called djgpp by |
14919 | 1999 DJ Delorie <dj@delorie.com> which can compile and run large programs |
2000 under MS-DOS and under MS Windows. Demacs was derived from Nemacs | |
11822
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2001 rather than straight from GNU Emacs. You can get the most recent version |
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2002 of Demacs via anonymous ftp from ftp.sigmath.osaka-u.ac.jp in |
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2003 pub/Msdos/Demacs/*. |
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2004 |
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2005 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs |
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2006 look-alikes), consult the list of "Emacs implementations and literature," |
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2007 available via anonymous ftp from rtfm.mit.edu in pub/usenet/comp.emacs. |
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2008 |
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2009 84: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running Microsoft Windows? |
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2010 |
14919 | 2011 * If you compile GNU Emacs with the tools listed above, it will run under |
2012 Microsoft Windows in a DOS box. | |
2013 | |
2014 There are currently two other ports of Emacs that runs under Microsoft | |
2015 Windows: | |
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2016 |
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2017 * Oemacs |
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2018 |
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2019 Current version of Oemacs4.1 is based on Emacs-19.19 and runs in either |
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2020 MS-DOS or Microsoft Windows. There is rumor that the author Darryl |
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2021 Okahata <darrylo@sr.hp.com> would not update unless there is |
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2022 demonstrated interest. It is nearly a full porting of GNU Emacs except |
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2023 that shell-mode does not work due to the limitation of MS-DOS. |
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2024 Anonymous ftp information: |
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2025 |
14919 | 2026 ftp.coast.net:SimTel/vendors/gnu/oemacs/ |
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2027 |
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2028 * The other uses a proprietary X Windows emulator and therefore |
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2029 the FSF does not think it deserves publicity. |
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2030 |
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2031 85: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2? |
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2032 |
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2033 Emacs 19.27 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1. |
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2034 |
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2035 Anonymous FTP info: |
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2036 |
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2037 hobbes.nmsu.edu:os2/2_x/unix/emacs27 |
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2038 |
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2039 86: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST? |
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2040 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2041 (does anyone know?) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2042 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2043 87: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2044 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2045 Amiga software is available through Aminet, a set of interconnected FTP |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2046 sites and other file accessing services for Amiga software. The primary |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2047 sites for Aminet are ftp.wustl.edu (128.252.135.4) and ftp.cdrom.com |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2048 (192.153.46.2). In the directory pub/aminet/util/gnu, there are |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2049 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2050 a1.26-emacs-bin.lha -- Amiga GNU Emacs V1.26, binaries |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2051 a1.26-emacs-src.lha -- Amiga GNU Emacs V1.26, sources |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2052 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2053 There are also quite a few Emacs related files/programs. Please search |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2054 the index of Aminet. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2055 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2056 We have no access to an Amiga, so please send in your experience and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2057 comments on the implementation. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2058 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2059 88: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2060 |
597 | 2061 The FSF is a participant in a boycott of Apple because of Apple's "look |
2062 and feel" copyright suits. See the file etc/APPLE for more details. | |
2063 Because of this boycott, the FSF doesn't include support in GNU software | |
2064 for Apple computers such as the Macintosh. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2065 |
597 | 2066 Please don't help people port or develop software for Apple computers. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2067 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2068 89: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2069 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2070 Version 19.27 has a VMS directory containing installation instructions, a |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2071 makefile, and various .com files. But according to Richard Levitte |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2072 <levitte@e.kth.se>, it does not run out of the box. Even if it does, the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2073 VMSNOTES indicates that the Emacs on VMS is going to have much more |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2074 limited functionality. Richard Levitte has a patched 19.22 that |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2075 supposedly has subprocess and networking functionality just as on Unix, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2076 with virtually the same lisp interface. The source is available via |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2077 anonymous ftp at |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2078 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2079 ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se:GNU-VMS/Beta/EMACS-19_22-********.TAR-GZ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2080 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2081 where ******** is the release date of the kit. You should also read |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2082 http://www.e.kth.se/elev/levitte/gnu/emacs.html for more information. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2083 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2084 90: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, Csh, C++, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2085 Objective C, Pascal, and Awk? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2086 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2087 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution. To |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2088 get additional modes, look in the Lisp Code Directory (see question 77). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2089 For C++, if you use lisp-dir-apropos, you must specify the pattern like |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2090 this: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2091 |
1736 | 2092 M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET c\+\+ RET |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2093 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2094 Note that Barry Warsaw's cc-mode now works for C, C++, and Objective-C |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2095 code. You can get the latest version (4.85, as of this writing) from the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2096 Emacs Lisp Archive. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2097 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2098 91: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2099 |
1736 | 2100 If you are at a site with a deficient nameserver, you may need to know |
2101 the IP address of a host to FTP files from it. You can get this | |
2102 information in two ways: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2103 |
1736 | 2104 * By telnet: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2105 |
1736 | 2106 telnet nic.ddn.mil hostnames (or `telnet 192.112.36.5 101') |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2107 @ whois |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2108 Whois: host XXX.YYY.ZZZ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2109 |
1736 | 2110 * By e-mail: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2111 |
1736 | 2112 To: service@nic.ddn.mil |
2113 Subject: host XXX.YYY.ZZZ | |
2114 or: whois XXX.YYY.ZZZ | |
2115 or: help | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2116 |
1736 | 2117 or: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2118 |
1736 | 2119 To: resolve@cs.widener.edu |
2120 body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2121 |
1736 | 2122 Information from Brendan Kehoe <brendan@cs.widener.edu>. |
134 | 2123 |
1736 | 2124 |
2125 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs | |
134 | 2126 |
1736 | 2127 This section lists version numbers, FTP sites, mailing lists, newsgroups, |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2128 and other information for many important packages, extensions, and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2129 related programs. There is some overlap with the Lisp Code Directory, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2130 but these entries give more detailed information. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2131 |
1736 | 2132 If you know of any other packages that are so substantial that they |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2133 deserve to be mentioned here, please let us know. Having its own mailing |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2134 list or newsgroup or more than half a megabyte of source code are good |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2135 signs. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2136 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2137 92: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2138 |
1736 | 2139 Author: Kyle Jones <kyle@uunet.uu.net> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2140 Latest version: 5.72 (beta) |
1736 | 2141 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2142 /ftp.uu.net:networking/mail/vm-5.72beta.tar.gz |
1736 | 2143 Newsgroups and mailing lists: |
2144 Info-VM: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2145 gnu.emacs.vm.info (newsgroup) |
1736 | 2146 info-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions) |
2147 info-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions) | |
2148 Bug-VM: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2149 gnu.emacs.vm.bug (newsgroup) |
1736 | 2150 bug-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions) |
2151 bug-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions) | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2152 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2153 93: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2154 |
1736 | 2155 Author: Barry Warsaw <bwarsaw@cen.com> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2156 Latest version: 3.54 (comes with GNU Emacs 19) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2157 3.1 (available from the Emacs Lisp Archive) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2158 Anonymous FTP: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2159 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc3.1.tar.Z |
1736 | 2160 Mailing list: supercite-request@anthem.nlm.nih.gov (for subscriptions) |
2161 supercite@anthem.nlm.nih.gov (for submissions) | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2162 NOTE: Superyank is an old version of Supercite. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2163 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2164 94: Gnus -- news reader within Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2165 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2166 Author: Masanobu Umeda <umerin@mse.kyutech.ac.jp> |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2167 Latest version: 4.1 (comes with GNU Emacs 19) |
1736 | 2168 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2169 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/EmacsBits/elisp-archive/packages/gnus-4.1.tar.Z |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2170 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/gnus-4.1.tar.Z |
1736 | 2171 Newsgroups and mailing lists: |
2172 English-only: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2173 gnu.emacs.gnus (newsgroup) |
1736 | 2174 info-gnus-english-request@cis.ohio-state.edu (for subscriptions) |
2175 info-gnus-english@cis.ohio-state.edu (for submissions) | |
2176 Japanese (and some English): | |
2177 info-gnus-request@flab.fujitsu.co.jp (for subscriptions) | |
2178 info-gnus@flab.fujitsu.co.jp (for submissions) | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2179 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2180 95: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2181 |
1736 | 2182 Author: Dave Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2183 Latest version: 2.02c |
1736 | 2184 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2185 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/calc-2.02c.tar.gz |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2186 NOTE: Unlike Wolfram Research, Dave has never threatened to sue |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2187 anyone for having a program with a similar command language to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2188 Calc. :-) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2189 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2190 96: Ange-FTP -- transparent FTP access for Emacs's file access routines |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2191 |
1736 | 2192 Author: Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2193 Latest version: 1.56 (comes with GNU Emacs 19) |
1736 | 2194 Anonymous FTP: |
2195 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z | |
2196 Mailing lists: | |
2197 Ange-FTP Lovers: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2198 ange-ftp-lovers-request@anorman.hpl.hp.com (for subscriptions) |
1736 | 2199 ange-ftp-lovers@anorman.hpl.hp.com (for submissions) |
2200 /ftp.reed.edu:pub/mailing-lists/ange-ftp/ (archives) | |
2201 Ange-FTP Announcements: | |
2202 ange-ftp-lovers-announce@anorman.hpl.hp.com | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2203 NOTE: now supports VMS, CMS, and MTS ftp servers |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2204 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2205 97: VIP -- vi emulation for Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2206 |
1736 | 2207 Author: Aamod Sane <sane@cs.uiuc.edu> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2208 Latest version: 4.3 |
1736 | 2209 Anonymous FTP: |
2210 /cs.uiuc.edu:pub/vip4.3.tar.Z | |
2211 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z | |
2212 NOTE: This version much more closely emulates vi than the one | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2213 distributed with Emacs. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2214 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2215 98: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2216 |
1736 | 2217 Author: Kresten Krab Thorup <krab@iesd.auc.dk> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2218 Latest version: 9.1i |
1736 | 2219 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2220 /iesd.auc.dk:pub/emacs-lisp/auctex-9.1i.tar.gz |
1736 | 2221 Mailing list: |
2222 auc-tex-request@iesd.auc.dk (for subscriptions) | |
2223 auc-tex@iesd.auc.dk (for submissions) | |
2224 auc-tex_mgr@iesd.auc.dk (auc-tex development team) | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2225 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2226 99: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2227 |
1736 | 2228 Author: Bob Weiner <rsw@cs.brown.edu> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2229 Latest version: 3.15 |
1736 | 2230 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2231 /wilma.cs.brown.edu:pub/hyperbole/h3.15.tar.Z |
1736 | 2232 Mailing lists: |
2233 hyperbole-announce -- Hyperbole release announcements only. | |
2234 Subscriptions: | |
2235 To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu | |
2236 Subject: Add <mailbox@domain.name> to hyperbole-announce | |
2237 hyperbole -- Hyperbole discussion. | |
2238 Subscriptions: | |
2239 To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu | |
2240 Subject: Add <mailbox@domain.name> to hyperbole | |
2241 Submissions: | |
2242 hyperbole@cs.brown.edu | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2243 NOTE: Any member of the hyperbole mailing list is automatically a |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2244 member of the hyperbole-announce mailing list. |
1736 | 2245 NOTE: No .UUCP or ! addresses are allowed on these mailing lists. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2246 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2247 100: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2248 |
1736 | 2249 Author: Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2250 Latest released version: 1.50 |
1736 | 2251 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2252 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/bbdb-1.50.tar.Z |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2253 Mailing lists: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2254 info-bbdb-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2255 info-bbdb@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2256 bbdb-announce-request@cs.uiuc.edu (to be informed of new releases) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2257 NOTE: BBDB does not work with VM 4. It does work with VM 5, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2258 Rmail, Gnus, and MH-E. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2259 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2260 101: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2261 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2262 Author: Geoff Kuenning <geoff@itcorp.com> |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2263 Latest released version: 3.1.08 |
1736 | 2264 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2265 Master Sites: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2266 /ftp.cs.ucla.edu:pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.08.tar.gz |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2267 /ftp.math.orst.edu:pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.08.tar.gz |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2268 Known Mirror Sites: (only directory names shown) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2269 /ftp.th-darmstadt.de:pub/dicts/ispell/ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2270 /ftp.nl.net:pub/textproc/ispell/ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2271 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2272 NOTE: * Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2273 He does not have free e-mail. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2274 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2275 * This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2276 Ispell 4.0 is no longer a supported product. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2277 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2278 102: XEmacs -- alternative Emacs 19 with better X interface; formerly |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2279 known as Lucid Emacs or lemacs. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2280 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2281 Primary Maintainer: Chuck Thompson <cthomp@cs.uiuc.edu> |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2282 Other Developers: Ben Wing <wing@netcom.com> |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2283 Richard Mlynarik <mly@adoc.xerox.com> |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2284 Jamie Zawinski <jwz@mcom.com> |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2285 Latest released version: 19.11 |
1736 | 2286 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2287 /ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:pub/xemacs/xemacs-19.11.tar.gz |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2288 Newsgroup and mailing lists: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2289 Bugs: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2290 alt.lucid-emacs.bug |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2291 bug-lucid-emacs-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2292 bug-lucid-emacs@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2293 Help: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2294 alt.lucid-emacs.help |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2295 help-lucid-emacs-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2296 help-lucid-emacs@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2297 NOTE: The XEmacs FAQ is available via the World-Wide Web at URL |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2298 http://xemacs.cs.uiuc.edu/. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2299 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2300 103: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2301 |
1736 | 2302 Author: Larry Wall <lwall@netlabs.com> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2303 Latest version: 2.1 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2304 Anonymous FTP: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2305 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/patch-2.1.tar.gz |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2306 /ftp.funet.fi:pub/gnu/patch-2.1.tar.gz |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2307 /ftp.uni-stuttgart.de:pub/unix/gnu/patch-2.1.tar.gz |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2308 NOTE: See question 80 for other GNU distribution sites. |
1736 | 2309 |
2310 | |
2311 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems | |
2312 | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2313 104: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2314 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2315 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or by predefinition |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2316 (e.g. in the .emacs file). To interactively bind keys for all modes, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2317 type `M-x global-set-key RET KEY CMD RET'; for the current major mode |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2318 only, type `M-x local-set-key RET KEY CMD RET' (see the Emacs on-line |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2319 documentation for further details). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2320 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2321 To bind keys on starting Emacs or on starting any given mode, you can use |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2322 the following "trick." First bind the key interactively, then |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2323 immediately afterwards type `C-x ESC ESC C-a C-k C-g'. Now, the command |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2324 needed to bind the key is in the kill ring and can be yanked into the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2325 .emacs file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the command are |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2326 required. For example, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2327 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2328 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help)) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2329 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2330 can be place directly into the .emacs file. If the key binding is local, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2331 the command is used in conjunction with the `add-hook' command. For |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2332 example, in tex-mode, a local binding might be |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2333 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2334 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2335 (function (lambda () |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2336 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help)))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2337 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2338 NOTE: * Control characters in key sequence position of the form yanked |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2339 from the kill ring are given in their graphic form - i.e. CTRL is |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2340 shown as `^', TAB as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2341 want to convert these into their vector or string forms. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2342 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2343 * If some prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2344 already bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2345 the new binding. For example, if `ESC {' is previously bound: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2346 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2347 (global-unset-key [?\e ?{]) ;; or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2348 (local-unset-key [?\e ?{]) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2349 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2350 * Aside from commands and "lambda lists," a vector or string also |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2351 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2352 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2353 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2354 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g") |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2355 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2356 See `Key Bindings' in the Emacs on-line documentation for further |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2357 details. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2358 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2359 105: Why does Emacs say `Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters'? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2360 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2361 Usually one of two things has happened. In one case, the control |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2362 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. `C-f' used |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2363 instead of `\C-f' within a Lisp expression). In the other case, a |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2364 "prefix key" in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind was |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2365 already bound as a "complete key." Historically, the `ESC [' prefix was |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2366 usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either of these |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2367 forms before attempting to bind the key sequence: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2368 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2369 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2370 (global-unset-key "\e[") |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2371 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2372 106: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2373 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2374 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2375 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2376 order. If some of the code executed in your .emacs file needs to be |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2377 postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has been |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2378 executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2379 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2380 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2381 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2382 window-system setup, treat the code as a "lambda list" and set the value |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2383 of either the `term-setup-hook' or `window-setup-hook' variable to this |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2384 "lambda function." For example, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2385 |
134 | 2386 (setq term-setup-hook |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2387 (function |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2388 (lambda () |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2389 (cond ((string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") "")) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2390 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2391 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command)) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2392 )))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2393 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2394 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2395 lisp/startup.el file. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2396 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2397 107: How do I use function keys under X Windows? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2398 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2399 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. See |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2400 question 104 for details. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2401 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2402 108: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2403 emit? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2404 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2405 Put the following in your .emacs file and type `M-x see-chars' to use: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2406 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2407 (defun see-chars () |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2408 "Display events received, terminated by a 3-second timeout." |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2409 (interactive) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2410 (let (chars |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2411 (inhibit-quit t)) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2412 (message "Enter characters or other events, terminated by a 3-second |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2413 timeout.") |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2414 (while (not (sit-for 3)) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2415 (setq chars (nconc chars (list (read-event))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2416 quit-flag nil) ; quit-flag might be set by C-g. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2417 (if (not (input-pending-p)) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2418 (message "Events received until now: %s..." |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2419 (key-description chars)))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2420 (message "Events received: %s" (key-description chars)))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2421 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2422 Alternatively, type "C-h c" then the function or arrow keys. The command |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2423 will return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2424 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2425 keys as well. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2426 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2427 109: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2428 |
1736 | 2429 Sorry, you can't; there are no "translations" to be set. Emacs is not |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2430 written using the Xt library. The only way to affect the behavior of |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2431 keys within Emacs is through `xmodmap' (outside Emacs) or `define-key' |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2432 (inside Emacs). The `define-key' command should be used in conjunction |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2433 with the `function-key-map' map. For instance, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2434 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2435 (define-key function-key-map [M-tab] [?\M-\t]) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2436 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2437 defines the `META TAB' key sequence. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2438 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2439 110: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2440 |
1736 | 2441 C-s and C-q are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. This screws |
2442 up Emacs because it binds these characters to commands. Also, by default | |
2443 Emacs will not honor them as flow control characters and may overwhelm | |
2444 output buffers. Sometimes, intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow | |
2445 control will prevent Emacs from ever seeing C-s and C-q. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2446 |
1736 | 2447 Possible solutions: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2448 |
1736 | 2449 * Disable the use of C-s and C-q for flow control. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2450 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2451 You need to determine the cause of the flow control. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2452 |
1736 | 2453 * your terminal |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2454 |
1736 | 2455 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display |
2456 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do | |
2457 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For | |
2458 example, on a VT220 you may select `No XOFF' in the setup menu. This | |
2459 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2460 |
1736 | 2461 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to |
2462 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are | |
2463 logged in to or at some terminal server in between. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2464 |
1736 | 2465 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer |
2466 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around | |
2467 this problem by modifying the `termcap' entry for your terminal to | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2468 include extra NUL padding characters. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2469 |
1736 | 2470 * a modem |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2471 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2472 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2473 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2474 |
1736 | 2475 * a router or terminal server |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2476 |
1736 | 2477 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using |
2478 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other | |
2479 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local | |
2480 network experts for help with this. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2481 |
1736 | 2482 * tty and/or pty devices |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2483 |
1736 | 2484 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple tty and/or pty |
2485 devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it is not | |
2486 necessary. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2487 |
1736 | 2488 Eirik Fuller <eirik@theory.tn.cornell.edu> writes: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2489 |
1736 | 2490 Some versions of `rlogin' (and possibly telnet) do not pass flow |
2491 control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2492 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2493 control on the local system. Sometimes `rlogin -8' will avoid this |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2494 problem. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2495 |
1736 | 2496 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2497 (the one running rlogin, not the one running rlogind) using the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2498 stty command, before starting the rlogin process. On many systems, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2499 `stty start u stop u' will do this. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2500 |
1736 | 2501 Some versions of `tcsh' will prevent even this from working. One |
2502 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin, | |
2503 and issue the stty command to disable flow control from that shell. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2504 |
1736 | 2505 Use `stty -ixon' instead of `stty start u stop u' on some systems. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2506 |
1736 | 2507 * Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2508 |
1736 | 2509 You can make Emacs treat C-s and C-q as flow control characters by |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2510 evaluating the form |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2511 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2512 (enable-flow-control) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2513 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2514 to unconditionally enable flow control or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2515 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2516 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19") |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2517 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2518 (using your terminal names instead of "vt100" or "h19") to enable |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2519 selectively. These commands will automatically swap `C-s' and `C-q' to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2520 `C-\' and `C-^'. Variables can be used to change the default swap keys |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2521 (`flow-control-c-s-replacement' and `flow-control-c-q-replacement'). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2522 |
1736 | 2523 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your .emacs |
2524 file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the best place to | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2525 put it is in the lisp/site-start.el file. Putting this form in |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2526 lisp/default.el has the problem that if the user's .emacs file has an |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2527 error, this will prevent lisp/default.el from being loaded and Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2528 may be unusable for the user, even for correcting their .emacs file |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2529 (unless they're smart enough to move it to another name). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2530 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2531 For further discussion of this issue, read the file PROBLEMS (in the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2532 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2533 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2534 111: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2535 out? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2536 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2537 To bind `C-s' and `C-q', use either `enable-flow-control' or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2538 `enable-flow-control-on'. See question 110 for usage and implementation |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2539 details. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2540 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2541 To bind other keys, use `keyboard-translate'. See question 114 for usage |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2542 details. To do this for an entire site, you should swap the keys in |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2543 lisp/site-start.el. See question 110 for an explanation of why |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2544 lisp/default.el should not be used. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2545 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2546 NOTE: * If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2547 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2548 actually behaves. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2549 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2550 112: Why does the `Backspace' key invoke help? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2551 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2552 The `Backspace' key (on most keyboards) generates ASCII code 8. `C-h' |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2553 sends the same code. In Emacs by default `C-h' invokes help-command. |
1736 | 2554 This is intended to be easy to remember since the first letter of "help" |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2555 is "h." The easiest solution to this problem is to use `C-h' (and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2556 Backspace) for help and DEL (the Delete key) for deleting the previous |
1736 | 2557 character. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2558 |
1736 | 2559 For many people this solution may be problematic: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2560 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2561 * They normally use Backspace outside of Emacs for deleting the previous |
1736 | 2562 character typed. This can be solved by making DEL be the command for |
2563 deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. This command will do | |
2564 this on many Unix systems: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2565 |
1736 | 2566 stty erase '^?' |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2567 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2568 * The person may prefer using the Backspace key for deleting the previous |
1736 | 2569 character because it is more conveniently located on their keyboard or |
2570 because they don't even have a separate Delete key. In this case, the | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2571 Backspace key should be made to behave like Delete. There are several |
1736 | 2572 methods. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2573 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2574 * Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) allow the character generated by |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2575 the Backspace key to be changed from a setup menu. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2576 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2577 * You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2578 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2579 * Under X or on a dumb terminal, it is possible to swap the Backspace and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2580 Delete keys inside Emacs: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2581 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2582 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2583 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2584 See question 114 for further details of `keyboard-translate'. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2585 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2586 * Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on "C-x h" |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2587 instead: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2588 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2589 (global-set-key [?\C-h] 'delete-backward-char) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2590 (global-set-key [?\C-x ?h] 'help-command) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2591 ;; overrides mark-whole-buffer |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2592 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2593 Other popular key bindings for help are M-? and "C-x ?". |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2594 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2595 NOTE: * Don't try to bind DEL to help-command, because there are many |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2596 modes that have local bindings of DEL that will interfere. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2597 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2598 113: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2599 |
1736 | 2600 Good question! |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2601 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2602 114: How do I "swap" two keys? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2603 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2604 In Emacs 19, you can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2605 `keyboard-translate' function. For example, to turn `C-h' into DEL and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2606 DEL to `C-h', use |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2607 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2608 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2609 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2610 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2611 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2612 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the keymaps. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2613 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2614 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps. Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2615 contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but there |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2616 is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2617 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations take |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2618 place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are looked |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2619 up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2620 translation. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2621 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2622 Also see `Keyboard Translations' in the on-line manual. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2623 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2624 115: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2625 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2626 On terminals (but not under X), some common "aliases" are: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2627 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2628 CTRL-2 or CTRL-SPC for C-@ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2629 CTRL-6 for C-^ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2630 CTRL-7 or CTRL-SHIFT-- for C-_ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2631 CTRL-4 for C-\ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2632 CTRL-5 for C-] |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2633 CTRL-/ for C-? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2634 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2635 Often other aliases exist; use the `C-h c' command and try `CTRL' with |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2636 all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets generated. You can |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2637 also try the `C-h w' command if you know the name of the command. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2638 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2639 116: What if I don't have a Meta key? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2640 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2641 Instead of typing "M-a", you can type "ESC a". In fact, Emacs converts |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2642 M-a internally into "ESC a" anyway (depending on the value of |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2643 meta-prefix-char). Note that you press "Meta" and "a" together, while |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2644 you press "ESC", release it, and then press "a". |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2645 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2646 117: What if I don't have an Escape key? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2647 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2648 Type "C-[" instead. This should send ASCII code 27 just like an Escape |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2649 key would. "C-3" may also work on some terminal (but not under X). For |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2650 many terminals (notably DEC terminals) "F11" generates the "ESC" key. If |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2651 not, the following form can be used bind it: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2652 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2653 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e]) ; F11 is the documented ESC |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2654 ; replacement on DEC terminals. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2655 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2656 118: Can I make my `Compose Character' key behave like a Meta key? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2657 |
597 | 2658 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain VT220 |
1736 | 2659 clones could have their Compose key configured this way. If you're using |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2660 X, you might be able to do this with the `xmodmap' program. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2661 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2662 119: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2663 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2664 With Emacs 19 you can indicate modified function keys in vector format |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2665 through multi-prefixing the function key symbol. For example (from the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2666 Emacs on-line documentation): |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2667 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2668 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2669 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2670 where "?\C-x" is the Lisp character constant for the character "C-x". |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2671 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2672 You can use the modifier keys CTRL, META, HYPER, SUPER, ALT and SHIFT |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2673 with function keys. To represent these modifiers, prepend the strings |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2674 "C-", "M-", "H-", "s-", "A-" and "S-" to the symbol name. Thus, here is |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2675 how to make "Hyper-Meta-RIGHT" move forward a word: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2676 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2677 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2678 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2679 NOTE: * Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. HYPER, SUPER, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2680 and ALT are available only under X (provided there are such |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2681 keys). Non-ASCII keys and mouse events (e.g. "C-=" and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2682 "mouse-1") also fall under this category. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2683 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2684 See question 104 for general key binding instructions. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2685 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2686 120: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2687 |
597 | 2688 Try all of these methods before asking for further help: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2689 |
1736 | 2690 * You may have big problems using `mwm' as your window manager. {Does |
2691 anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the Meta key in | |
2692 Emacs with mwm?} | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2693 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2694 * For X11: Make sure it really is a Meta key. Use `xev' to find out what |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2695 keysym your Meta key generates. It should be either Meta_L or Meta_R. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2696 If it isn't, use xmodmap to fix the situation. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2697 |
597 | 2698 * Make sure the pty the xterm is using is passing 8 bit characters. |
1736 | 2699 `stty -a' (or `stty everything') should show `cs8' somewhere. If it |
2700 shows `cs7' instead, use `stty cs8 -istrip' (or `stty pass8') to fix | |
597 | 2701 it. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2702 |
597 | 2703 * If there is an rlogin connection between the xterm and the Emacs, the |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2704 `-8' argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2705 of every character. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2706 |
1736 | 2707 * If the Emacs is running under Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating |
2708 (set-input-mode t nil) helps. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2709 |
597 | 2710 * If all else fails, you can make xterm generate "ESC W" when you type |
2711 M-W, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it got the M-W | |
2712 anyway. In X11R4, the following resource specification will do this: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2713 |
597 | 2714 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2715 |
597 | 2716 (This changes the behavior of the insert-eight-bit action.) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2717 |
597 | 2718 With older xterms, you can specify this behavior with a translation: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2719 |
597 | 2720 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \ |
2721 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert() | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2722 |
1736 | 2723 You might have to replace `Meta' with `Alt'. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2724 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2725 121: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2726 |
597 | 2727 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the |
2728 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that | |
2729 XLookupString returns the same result regardless of the Meta key state | |
2730 which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs is fixed, the temporary | |
2731 kludge is to run this command after each time the X server is started but | |
2732 preferably before any xterm clients are: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2733 |
597 | 2734 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch' |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2735 |
597 | 2736 NOTE: This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which |
2737 may be undesirable if you actually intend to use them. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2738 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2739 122: Where can I get key bindings to make Emacs emulate WordStar? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2740 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2741 There is a package `wordstar' by Jim Frost <jimf@saber.com> located under |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2742 the "misc" directory at the Emacs Lisp Archive. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2743 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2744 123: Where can I get an XEDIT emulator for Emacs? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2745 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2746 This question comes up once every couple of months. Searing for "xedit" |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2747 through most recent Lisp Code Directory fails to match any entries. |
1736 | 2748 |
2749 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets | |
2750 | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2751 124: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2752 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2753 GNU Emacs 19 has built-in support for 8-bit characters. Here is an |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2754 excerpt from the `European Display' page of the on-line manual: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2755 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2756 Some European languages use accented letters and other special symbols. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2757 The ISO 8859 Latin-1 character set defines character codes for many |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2758 European languages in the range 160 to 255. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2759 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2760 Emacs can display those characters according to Latin-1, provided the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2761 terminal or font in use supports them. The `M-x |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2762 standard-display-european' command toggles European character display |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2763 mode. With a numeric argument, `M-x standard-display-european' enables |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2764 European character display if and only if the argument is positive. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2765 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2766 Some operating systems let you specify the language you are using by |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2767 setting a locale. Emacs handles one common special case of this: if |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2768 your locale name for character types contains the string `8859-1' or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2769 `88591', Emacs automatically enables European character display mode |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2770 when it starts up. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2771 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2772 125: How do I input 8-bit characters? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2773 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2774 Again, from the `European Display' page of the on-line manual: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2775 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2776 If you enter non-ASCII ISO Latin-1 characters often, you might find ISO |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2777 Accents mode convenient. When this minor mode is enabled, the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2778 characters ``', `'', `"', `^', `/' and `~' modify the following letter |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2779 by adding the corresponding diacritical mark to it, if possible. To |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2780 enable or disable ISO Accents mode, use the command `M-x |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2781 iso-accents-mode'. This command affects only the current buffer. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2782 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2783 To enter one of those six special characters, type the character, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2784 followed by a space. Some of those characters have a corresponding |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2785 "dead key" accent character in the ISO Latin-1 character set; to enter |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2786 that character, type the corresponding ASCII character twice. For |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2787 example, `''' enters the Latin-1 character acute-accent (character code |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2788 0264). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2789 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2790 126: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle kanji characters? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2791 |
1736 | 2792 Nemacs 3.3.2 (Nihongo GNU Emacs) is a modified version of GNU Emacs 18.55 |
2793 that handles kanji characters. It is available via anonymous FTP: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2794 |
1736 | 2795 /crl.nmsu.edu:pub/misc/nemacs-3.3.2.tar.Z |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2796 /ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp:pub/gnu-rel/nemacs/nemacs-3.3.2.tar.gz |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2797 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2798 You might also need files for "wnn," a kanji input method |
1736 | 2799 (wnn-4.0.3{-README,.tar.Z} {on which machine?}). You need a terminal (or |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2800 terminal emulator) that can display text encoded in JIS, Shift-JIS, or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2801 EUC (Extended Unix Code), or the ability to run Nemacs as a direct X |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2802 Windows client. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2803 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2804 127: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle Chinese? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2805 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2806 Cemacs by Stephen G. Simpson <simpson@math.psu.edu> is a patch to Emacs |
1736 | 2807 18.57 (the ctl-arrow patch) and some Emacs Lisp code that combined with |
2808 Cxterm allows using Chinese characters. It is available via anonymous | |
2809 FTP: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2810 |
1736 | 2811 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cemacs.tar.Z |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2812 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2813 Cxterm, a patch to Emacs 18.57 that allows you to enter Chinese |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2814 characters, is available from the same place: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2815 |
1736 | 2816 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cxterm-11.5.1.tar.Z |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2817 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2818 128: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2819 |
1736 | 2820 Joel M. Hoffman <joel@wam.umd.edu> writes: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2821 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2822 A couple of years ago a wrote a hebrew.el file that allows |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2823 right-to-left editing of Hebrew. I relied on the hardware to display |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2824 the Hebrew letters, given the right codes, but not for any |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2825 right-to-left support; the hardware also doesn't have to send any |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2826 specific char. codes. Emacs keeps track of when the user is typing |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2827 Hebrew vs. English. (The VT-* terminals in Israel contain built-in |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2828 support for Hebrew.) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2829 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2830 To get it to work I had to modify only a few lines of GNU Emacs's |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2831 source code --- just enough to make it 8-bit clean. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2832 |
1736 | 2833 [and in a separate message:] |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2834 |
1736 | 2835 It doesn't produce time-order ["sefer" format] (I wouldn't recommend |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2836 trying that with Emacs, because converting time-order to screen-order |
1736 | 2837 with arbitrarily long lines is a bit tricky), but I also concocted a |
2838 quick filter to convert screen-order into time-order. I'll be happy to | |
2839 send you the requisite files if you want them. If you're using it for | |
2840 anything large, however, you'll want something that works better. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2841 |
1736 | 2842 Joel Hoffman has also written a "bi-directional bi-lingual Emacs-like" |
2843 editor for MS-DOS named Ibelbe (Itty Bitty Emacs-Like Bidirectional | |
2844 Editor). Ibelbe is written in Turbo Pascal and comes with source code. | |
2845 Here is the description: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2846 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2847 Ibelbe looks like Emacs (it even has a minibuffer and filename |
1736 | 2848 completion), and fully supports both right-to-left and left-to-right |
2849 editing. Other than an EGA monitor or better, no special hardware is | |
2850 required. You will need an EGA Hebrew font to use Ibelbe with Hebrew. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2851 |
1736 | 2852 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2853 /israel.nysernet.org:israel/computers/software/msdos/ibelbe.zip |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2854 /israel.nysernet.org:israel/computers/software/msdos/hebfont.zip |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2855 |
1736 | 2856 Joseph Friedman <yossi@deshaw.com, yossi@Neon.Stanford.EDU> has written |
2857 patches for Emacs 18.55 and 18.58 that provide Semitic language support | |
2858 under X Windows. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2859 |
1736 | 2860 Warren Burstein <warren@itex.jct.ac.il> says he has mapped 7-bit keys by |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2861 modifying self-insert-command "for Hebrew input on 7-bit keyboards." |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2862 |
1736 | 2863 A good suggestion is to query archie for files named with `hebrew'. |
134 | 2864 |
597 | 2865 |
1736 | 2866 Mail and News |
134 | 2867 |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2868 129: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2869 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2870 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2871 mail-yank-prefix. For VM, set vm-included-text-prefix. For mh-e, set |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2872 mh-ins-buf-prefix. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2873 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2874 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. See question 93. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2875 |
1736 | 2876 A related problem is how to prevent Emacs from including various headers |
2877 of the replied-to message. For this, you should set the value of | |
2878 mail-yank-ignored-headers, which takes a regexp value. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2879 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2880 130: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2881 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2882 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a `BCC:' header in the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2883 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2884 including an `FCC:' header. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2885 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2886 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a `BCC:' to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2887 yourself by putting |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2888 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2889 (setq mail-self-blind t) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2890 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2891 in your .emacs. You can automatically include an `FCC:' field by putting |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2892 something like the following in your .emacs file: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2893 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2894 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing")) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2895 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2896 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2897 by VM, but not always by Rmail. See question 132. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2898 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2899 If you use mh-e add an FCC: or BCC: field to your components file. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2900 |
1736 | 2901 It does not work to put `set record filename' in the .mailrc file. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2902 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2903 131: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2904 |
1736 | 2905 * You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer |
597 | 2906 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses |
2907 like this one: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2908 |
1736 | 2909 To: Willy Smith <wks@xpnsv.lwyrs.com> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2910 |
1736 | 2911 However, you do not need to separate addresses with commas in your |
2912 .mailrc file. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2913 |
1736 | 2914 WARNING: Emacs breaks up aliases in the .mailrc file into multiple |
2915 addresses both on commas and on whitespace, regardless of any use of | |
2916 quotes. This is probably a bug. You can get around this by directly | |
2917 setting the value of mail-aliases. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2918 |
1736 | 2919 * Emacs normally only reads the `.mailrc' file once per session, when you |
597 | 2920 start to compose your first mail message. If you edit .mailrc, you can |
2921 type "M-ESC (build-mail-aliases) RET" to make Emacs reread .mailrc. | |
2922 (You have to include the parentheses where they are shown!) | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2923 |
597 | 2924 * Emacs does not interpret vendor-specific additions to the format of the |
1736 | 2925 .mailrc file such as the `source' command. It also ignores any `set' |
2926 commands. The only commands it looks at are `alias' and `group' | |
2927 commands. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2928 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2929 * If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2930 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2931 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2932 (add-hook 'mail-setup-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2933 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2934 132: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2935 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2936 A file created through the FCC: field in a message is in Unix Mail |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2937 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2938 convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2939 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the saved- messages |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2940 file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the function |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2941 set-rmail-inbox-list. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2942 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2943 133: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2944 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2945 In Rmail, type C-c C-s C-h to get a list of sorting functions and their |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2946 key bindings. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2947 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2948 134: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2949 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2950 This is the behavior of the `movemail' program which Rmail uses. This |
1736 | 2951 indicates that movemail is configured to use lock files. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2952 |
1736 | 2953 RMS writes: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2954 |
1736 | 2955 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files. |
2956 On these systems, movemail must write lock files, or you risk losing | |
2957 mail. You simply must arrange to let movemail write them. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2958 |
1736 | 2959 Other systems use the flock system call to interlock access. On these |
2960 systems, you should configure movemail to use flock. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2961 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2962 135: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2963 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2964 If you have just done rmail-input on a file and you don't want to save it |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2965 in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with C-x k). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2966 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2967 If you typed M-x rmail and it read some messages out of your inbox and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2968 you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use C-o on each message. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2969 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2970 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2971 format, use the command M-x unrmail: it will prompt you for the input and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2972 output file names. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2973 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2974 136: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2975 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2976 To start Emacs in Gnus: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2977 |
1736 | 2978 emacs -f gnus |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2979 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2980 in Rmail: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2981 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2982 emacs -f rmail |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2983 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2984 A more convenient way to start with Gnus: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2985 |
1736 | 2986 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus' |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2987 gnus |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2988 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2989 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2990 from your .emacs file. This would cause problems if you needed to run |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2991 two copies of Emacs at one time. Also, this would make it difficult for |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2992 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2993 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2994 137: How do I read news under Emacs? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2995 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2996 Use M-x gnus. It is documented in Info (see question 14). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2997 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2998 138: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2999 |
1736 | 3000 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests |
3001 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one before | |
3002 blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version 1.5.11 | |
3003 claims to fix this. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3004 |
1736 | 3005 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3006 |
1736 | 3007 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3008 |
1736 | 3009 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3010 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3011 (i.e., `telnet server-machine 119'). The server should give its version |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3012 number in the welcome message. Type `quit' to get out. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3013 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3014 139: How do I view text with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3015 |
1736 | 3016 Underlining appears like this: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3017 |
1736 | 3018 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3019 |
1736 | 3020 You can destructively remove underlining with M-x ununderline-region. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3021 |
1736 | 3022 For ClariNews articles, clari-clean.el by David N. Blank-Edelman |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3023 <dnb@meshugge.media.mit.edu> will remove both underlining and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3024 overstriking automatically. It is available on the Lisp Code Directory |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3025 (see question 77). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3026 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3027 140: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3028 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3029 Use gnus-uu. Type C-c C-v C-h in the Gnus summary buffer to see a list |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3030 of available commands. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3031 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3032 141: Why does Gnus put the subjects in replies beyond the 80th column? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3033 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3034 This is a feature. If you set gnus-thread-hide-subject to non-nil, Gnus |
1736 | 3035 will only display the subject of the first posting in a thread, even if |
3036 some of the replies use different subjects. It hides the subjects by | |
3037 putting them past the edge of the window and setting truncate lines to t. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3038 |
1736 | 3039 If your screen looks messed up, then for some reason truncate-lines in |
3040 your `*Subject*' buffer has been set to nil. It should be set to t. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3041 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3042 142: How do I make Gnus start up faster? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3043 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3044 Remove all the newsgroups in which you have no interest from your .newsrc |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3045 file by using Gnus's C-k or C-w commands in the `*Newsgroup*' buffer, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3046 perhaps after displaying all newsgroups with the L command. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3047 Unsubscribing will not speed up Gnus. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3048 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3049 143: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3050 |
1736 | 3051 In the `*Newsgroup*' buffer, type the following magical incantation: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3052 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3053 M-< C-x ( c y M-0 C-x ) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3054 |
1736 | 3055 Leave off the "M-<" if you only want to catch up from point to the end of |
3056 the `*Newsgroup' buffer. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3057 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3058 144: Why can't I kill in Gnus on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control line? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3059 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3060 Gnus will complain that the `Newsgroups:', `Keywords:', and `Control:' |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3061 headers are `Unknown header field's. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3062 |
1736 | 3063 For the `Newsgroups:' header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3064 `Xref' header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3065 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3066 |
1736 | 3067 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like |
3068 this: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3069 |
1736 | 3070 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)") |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3071 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3072 145: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3073 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3074 Set nntp-debug-read to nil. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3075 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3076 146: Why is catch up slow in Gnus? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3077 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3078 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3079 the variable gnus-use-cross-reference. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3080 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3081 147: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3082 |
1736 | 3083 David Lawrence <tale@uunet.uu.net> explains: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3084 |
1736 | 3085 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3086 POST asks C News's inews to not background itself but rather hang |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3087 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3088 successful. (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3089 of the waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3090 taking a long time because inews is calling relaynews, which often |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3091 waits for another relaynews to free the lock on the news system so it |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3092 can file the article. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3093 |
1736 | 3094 My preferred solution is to change inews to not call relaynews, but |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3095 rather use newsspool. This loses some error-catching functionality, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3096 but is for the most part safe as inews will detect a lot of the errors |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3097 on its own. The C News folks have sped up inews, too, so speed should |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3098 look better to most folks as that update propagates around. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3099 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3100 148: Why don't my news postings in Gnus get past the local machine? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3101 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3102 It could be that your Distribution: field is "local" or a synonym, or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3103 your Path: field may be wrong. This piece of code may fix the latter |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3104 problem: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3105 |
1736 | 3106 (setq gnus-use-generic-path t) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3107 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3108 149: Why doesn't Gnus generate the `Lines:' header? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3109 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3110 The posting software down the line from Gnus often generates a "Lines:" |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3111 header so Gnus doesn't have to. If you want it to, just add Lines to the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3112 list in gnus-required-headers: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3113 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3114 (add-hook 'gnus-startup-hook |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3115 '(lambda () |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3116 (setq gnus-required-headers (cons 'Lines gnus-required-headers)))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3117 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3118 150: How do I kill all articles in Gnus but those matching a pattern? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3119 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3120 Example kill file code: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3121 |
1736 | 3122 ;; kill everything |
3123 (gnus-kill "subject" "" nil nil) | |
3124 ;; then restore stuff by our favorite poster | |
3125 (gnus-kill "from" "good-guy" | |
3126 (function | |
3127 (lambda () | |
3128 (if (eq ?X (char-after (save-excursion | |
3129 (beginning-of-line 1) | |
3130 (point)))) | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3131 (gnus-summary-clear-mark-forward 1)))) |
1736 | 3132 t) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3133 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3134 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3135 ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3136 Slightly modified by Richard Stallman |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3137 Copyright 1994 Reuven M. Lerner |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3138 Copyright 1992, 1993 Steven Byrnes |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3139 Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992 Joseph Brian Wells |
1736 | 3140 |
3141 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers | |
3142 ("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3143 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3144 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3145 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3146 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3147 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3148 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3149 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3150 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3151 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3152 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3153 itself allows free copying and redistribution. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3154 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3155 ------------------------------------------------------------ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3156 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3157 Special thanks to members of the FAQ team, who worked hard to ensure that |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3158 answers were up-to-date: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3159 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3160 Ethan Bradford <ethanb@u.washington.edu>, Luis Fernandes |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3161 <elf@eccles.ee.ryerson.ca>, Denby Wong <3dw16@qlink.QueensU.CA>, Yair |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3162 Friedman <yair@cs.huji.ac.il>, Thi <ttn@netcom.com>, Richard Levitte |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3163 <levitte@e.kth.se>, "William G. Dubuque" <wgd@martigny.ai.mit.edu>, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3164 and Guan-Hsong Hsu <ghsu@relay.nswc.navy.mil>. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3165 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3166 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3167 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3168 |