annotate lispref/modes.texi @ 72455:94094ff11364

* frame.el (blink-cursor-start): Set timer first. (blink-cursor-end): Ignore timer cancelling errors. Suggested by Ken Manheimer.
author Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
date Sun, 20 Aug 2006 14:43:29 +0000
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1 @c -*-texinfo-*-
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2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2002,
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4 @c 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
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6 @setfilename ../info/modes
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7 @node Modes, Documentation, Keymaps, Top
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8 @chapter Major and Minor Modes
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9 @cindex mode
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10
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11 A @dfn{mode} is a set of definitions that customize Emacs and can be
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12 turned on and off while you edit. There are two varieties of modes:
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13 @dfn{major modes}, which are mutually exclusive and used for editing
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14 particular kinds of text, and @dfn{minor modes}, which provide features
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15 that users can enable individually.
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16
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17 This chapter describes how to write both major and minor modes, how to
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18 indicate them in the mode line, and how they run hooks supplied by the
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19 user. For related topics such as keymaps and syntax tables, see
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20 @ref{Keymaps}, and @ref{Syntax Tables}.
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21
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22 @menu
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23 * Hooks:: How to use hooks; how to write code that provides hooks.
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24 * Major Modes:: Defining major modes.
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25 * Minor Modes:: Defining minor modes.
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26 * Mode Line Format:: Customizing the text that appears in the mode line.
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27 * Imenu:: How a mode can provide a menu
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28 of definitions in the buffer.
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29 * Font Lock Mode:: How modes can highlight text according to syntax.
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30 * Desktop Save Mode:: How modes can have buffer state saved between
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31 Emacs sessions.
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32 @end menu
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33
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34 @node Hooks
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35 @section Hooks
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36 @cindex hooks
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37
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38 A @dfn{hook} is a variable where you can store a function or functions
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39 to be called on a particular occasion by an existing program. Emacs
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40 provides hooks for the sake of customization. Most often, hooks are set
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41 up in the init file (@pxref{Init File}), but Lisp programs can set them also.
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42 @xref{Standard Hooks}, for a list of standard hook variables.
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43
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44 @cindex normal hook
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45 Most of the hooks in Emacs are @dfn{normal hooks}. These variables
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46 contain lists of functions to be called with no arguments. By
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47 convention, whenever the hook name ends in @samp{-hook}, that tells
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48 you it is normal. We try to make all hooks normal, as much as
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49 possible, so that you can use them in a uniform way.
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50
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51 Every major mode function is supposed to run a normal hook called
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52 the @dfn{mode hook} as the one of the last steps of initialization.
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53 This makes it easy for a user to customize the behavior of the mode,
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54 by overriding the buffer-local variable assignments already made by
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55 the mode. Most minor mode functions also run a mode hook at the end.
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56 But hooks are used in other contexts too. For example, the hook
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57 @code{suspend-hook} runs just before Emacs suspends itself
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58 (@pxref{Suspending Emacs}).
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59
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60 The recommended way to add a hook function to a normal hook is by
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61 calling @code{add-hook} (see below). The hook functions may be any of
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62 the valid kinds of functions that @code{funcall} accepts (@pxref{What
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63 Is a Function}). Most normal hook variables are initially void;
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64 @code{add-hook} knows how to deal with this. You can add hooks either
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65 globally or buffer-locally with @code{add-hook}.
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66
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67 @cindex abnormal hook
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68 If the hook variable's name does not end with @samp{-hook}, that
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69 indicates it is probably an @dfn{abnormal hook}. That means the hook
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70 functions are called with arguments, or their return values are used
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71 in some way. The hook's documentation says how the functions are
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72 called. You can use @code{add-hook} to add a function to an abnormal
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73 hook, but you must write the function to follow the hook's calling
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74 convention.
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75
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76 By convention, abnormal hook names end in @samp{-functions} or
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77 @samp{-hooks}. If the variable's name ends in @samp{-function}, then
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78 its value is just a single function, not a list of functions.
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79
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80 Here's an example that uses a mode hook to turn on Auto Fill mode when
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81 in Lisp Interaction mode:
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82
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83 @example
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84 (add-hook 'lisp-interaction-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
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85 @end example
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86
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87 At the appropriate time, Emacs uses the @code{run-hooks} function to
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88 run particular hooks.
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89
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90 @defun run-hooks &rest hookvars
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91 This function takes one or more normal hook variable names as
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92 arguments, and runs each hook in turn. Each argument should be a
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93 symbol that is a normal hook variable. These arguments are processed
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94 in the order specified.
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95
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96 If a hook variable has a non-@code{nil} value, that value should be a
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97 list of functions. @code{run-hooks} calls all the functions, one by
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98 one, with no arguments.
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99
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100 The hook variable's value can also be a single function---either a
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101 lambda expression or a symbol with a function definition---which
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102 @code{run-hooks} calls. But this usage is obsolete.
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103 @end defun
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104
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105 @defun run-hook-with-args hook &rest args
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106 This function is the way to run an abnormal hook and always call all
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107 of the hook functions. It calls each of the hook functions one by
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108 one, passing each of them the arguments @var{args}.
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109 @end defun
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110
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111 @defun run-hook-with-args-until-failure hook &rest args
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112 This function is the way to run an abnormal hook until one of the hook
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113 functions fails. It calls each of the hook functions, passing each of
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114 them the arguments @var{args}, until some hook function returns
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115 @code{nil}. It then stops and returns @code{nil}. If none of the
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116 hook functions return @code{nil}, it returns a non-@code{nil} value.
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117 @end defun
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118
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119 @defun run-hook-with-args-until-success hook &rest args
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120 This function is the way to run an abnormal hook until a hook function
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121 succeeds. It calls each of the hook functions, passing each of them
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122 the arguments @var{args}, until some hook function returns
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123 non-@code{nil}. Then it stops, and returns whatever was returned by
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124 the last hook function that was called. If all hook functions return
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125 @code{nil}, it returns @code{nil} as well.
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126 @end defun
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127
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128 @defun add-hook hook function &optional append local
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129 This function is the handy way to add function @var{function} to hook
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130 variable @var{hook}. You can use it for abnormal hooks as well as for
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131 normal hooks. @var{function} can be any Lisp function that can accept
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132 the proper number of arguments for @var{hook}. For example,
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133
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134 @example
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135 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'my-text-hook-function)
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136 @end example
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137
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138 @noindent
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139 adds @code{my-text-hook-function} to the hook called @code{text-mode-hook}.
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140
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141 If @var{function} is already present in @var{hook} (comparing using
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142 @code{equal}), then @code{add-hook} does not add it a second time.
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143
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144 It is best to design your hook functions so that the order in which they
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145 are executed does not matter. Any dependence on the order is ``asking
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146 for trouble.'' However, the order is predictable: normally,
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147 @var{function} goes at the front of the hook list, so it will be
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148 executed first (barring another @code{add-hook} call). If the optional
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149 argument @var{append} is non-@code{nil}, the new hook function goes at
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150 the end of the hook list and will be executed last.
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151
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152 @code{add-hook} can handle the cases where @var{hook} is void or its
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153 value is a single function; it sets or changes the value to a list of
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154 functions.
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155
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156 If @var{local} is non-@code{nil}, that says to add @var{function} to
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157 the buffer-local hook list instead of to the global hook list. If
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158 needed, this makes the hook buffer-local and adds @code{t} to the
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159 buffer-local value. The latter acts as a flag to run the hook
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160 functions in the default value as well as in the local value.
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161 @end defun
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162
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163 @defun remove-hook hook function &optional local
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164 This function removes @var{function} from the hook variable
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165 @var{hook}. It compares @var{function} with elements of @var{hook}
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166 using @code{equal}, so it works for both symbols and lambda
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167 expressions.
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168
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169 If @var{local} is non-@code{nil}, that says to remove @var{function}
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170 from the buffer-local hook list instead of from the global hook list.
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171 @end defun
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172
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173 @node Major Modes
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174 @section Major Modes
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175 @cindex major mode
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176
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177 Major modes specialize Emacs for editing particular kinds of text.
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178 Each buffer has only one major mode at a time. For each major mode
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179 there is a function to switch to that mode in the current buffer; its
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180 name should end in @samp{-mode}. These functions work by setting
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181 buffer-local variable bindings and other data associated with the
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182 buffer, such as a local keymap. The effect lasts until you switch
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183 to another major mode in the same buffer.
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184
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185 @menu
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186 * Major Mode Basics::
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187 * Major Mode Conventions:: Coding conventions for keymaps, etc.
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188 * Auto Major Mode:: How Emacs chooses the major mode automatically.
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189 * Mode Help:: Finding out how to use a mode.
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190 * Derived Modes:: Defining a new major mode based on another major
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191 mode.
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192 * Generic Modes:: Defining a simple major mode that supports
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193 comment syntax and Font Lock mode.
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194 * Mode Hooks:: Hooks run at the end of major mode functions.
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195 * Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes.
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196 @end menu
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197
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198 @node Major Mode Basics
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199 @subsection Major Mode Basics
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200 @cindex Fundamental mode
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201
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202 The least specialized major mode is called @dfn{Fundamental mode}.
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203 This mode has no mode-specific definitions or variable settings, so each
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204 Emacs command behaves in its default manner, and each option is in its
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205 default state. All other major modes redefine various keys and options.
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206 For example, Lisp Interaction mode provides special key bindings for
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207 @kbd{C-j} (@code{eval-print-last-sexp}), @key{TAB}
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208 (@code{lisp-indent-line}), and other keys.
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209
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210 When you need to write several editing commands to help you perform a
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211 specialized editing task, creating a new major mode is usually a good
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212 idea. In practice, writing a major mode is easy (in contrast to
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213 writing a minor mode, which is often difficult).
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214
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215 If the new mode is similar to an old one, it is often unwise to
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216 modify the old one to serve two purposes, since it may become harder
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217 to use and maintain. Instead, copy and rename an existing major mode
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218 definition and alter the copy---or use @code{define-derived-mode} to
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219 define a @dfn{derived mode} (@pxref{Derived Modes}). For example,
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220 Rmail Edit mode is a major mode that is very similar to Text mode
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221 except that it provides two additional commands. Its definition is
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222 distinct from that of Text mode, but uses that of Text mode.
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223
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224 Even if the new mode is not an obvious derivative of any other mode,
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225 it is convenient to use @code{define-derived-mode} with a @code{nil}
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226 parent argument, since it automatically enforces the most important
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227 coding conventions for you.
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228
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229 For a very simple programming language major mode that handles
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230 comments and fontification, you can use @code{define-generic-mode}.
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231 @xref{Generic Modes}.
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232
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233 Rmail Edit mode offers an example of changing the major mode
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234 temporarily for a buffer, so it can be edited in a different way (with
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235 ordinary Emacs commands rather than Rmail commands). In such cases, the
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236 temporary major mode usually provides a command to switch back to the
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237 buffer's usual mode (Rmail mode, in this case). You might be tempted to
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238 present the temporary redefinitions inside a recursive edit and restore
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239 the usual ones when the user exits; but this is a bad idea because it
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240 constrains the user's options when it is done in more than one buffer:
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241 recursive edits must be exited most-recently-entered first. Using an
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242 alternative major mode avoids this limitation. @xref{Recursive
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243 Editing}.
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244
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245 The standard GNU Emacs Lisp library directory tree contains the code
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246 for several major modes, in files such as @file{text-mode.el},
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247 @file{texinfo.el}, @file{lisp-mode.el}, @file{c-mode.el}, and
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248 @file{rmail.el}. They are found in various subdirectories of the
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249 @file{lisp} directory. You can study these libraries to see how modes
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250 are written. Text mode is perhaps the simplest major mode aside from
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251 Fundamental mode. Rmail mode is a complicated and specialized mode.
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252
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253 @node Major Mode Conventions
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254 @subsection Major Mode Conventions
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255
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256 The code for existing major modes follows various coding conventions,
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257 including conventions for local keymap and syntax table initialization,
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258 global names, and hooks. Please follow these conventions when you
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259 define a new major mode.
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260
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261 This list of conventions is only partial, because each major mode
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262 should aim for consistency in general with other Emacs major modes.
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263 This makes Emacs as a whole more coherent. It is impossible to list
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264 here all the possible points where this issue might come up; if the
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265 Emacs developers point out an area where your major mode deviates from
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266 the usual conventions, please make it compatible.
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267
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268 @itemize @bullet
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269 @item
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270 Define a command whose name ends in @samp{-mode}, with no arguments,
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271 that switches to the new mode in the current buffer. This command
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272 should set up the keymap, syntax table, and buffer-local variables in an
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273 existing buffer, without changing the buffer's contents.
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274
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275 @item
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276 Write a documentation string for this command that describes the
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277 special commands available in this mode. @kbd{C-h m}
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278 (@code{describe-mode}) in your mode will display this string.
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279
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280 The documentation string may include the special documentation
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281 substrings, @samp{\[@var{command}]}, @samp{\@{@var{keymap}@}}, and
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282 @samp{\<@var{keymap}>}, which enable the documentation to adapt
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283 automatically to the user's own key bindings. @xref{Keys in
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284 Documentation}.
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285
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286 @item
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287 The major mode command should start by calling
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288 @code{kill-all-local-variables}. This runs the normal hook
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289 @code{change-major-mode-hook}, then gets rid of the buffer-local
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290 variables of the major mode previously in effect. @xref{Creating
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291 Buffer-Local}.
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292
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293 @item
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294 The major mode command should set the variable @code{major-mode} to the
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295 major mode command symbol. This is how @code{describe-mode} discovers
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296 which documentation to print.
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297
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298 @item
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299 The major mode command should set the variable @code{mode-name} to the
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300 ``pretty'' name of the mode, as a string. This string appears in the
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301 mode line.
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302
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303 @item
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304 @cindex functions in modes
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305 Since all global names are in the same name space, all the global
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306 variables, constants, and functions that are part of the mode should
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307 have names that start with the major mode name (or with an abbreviation
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308 of it if the name is long). @xref{Coding Conventions}.
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309
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310 @item
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311 In a major mode for editing some kind of structured text, such as a
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312 programming language, indentation of text according to structure is
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313 probably useful. So the mode should set @code{indent-line-function}
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314 to a suitable function, and probably customize other variables
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315 for indentation.
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316
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317 @item
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318 @cindex keymaps in modes
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319 The major mode should usually have its own keymap, which is used as the
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320 local keymap in all buffers in that mode. The major mode command should
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321 call @code{use-local-map} to install this local map. @xref{Active
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322 Keymaps}, for more information.
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323
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324 This keymap should be stored permanently in a global variable named
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325 @code{@var{modename}-mode-map}. Normally the library that defines the
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326 mode sets this variable.
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327
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328 @xref{Tips for Defining}, for advice about how to write the code to set
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329 up the mode's keymap variable.
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330
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331 @item
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332 The key sequences bound in a major mode keymap should usually start with
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333 @kbd{C-c}, followed by a control character, a digit, or @kbd{@{},
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334 @kbd{@}}, @kbd{<}, @kbd{>}, @kbd{:} or @kbd{;}. The other punctuation
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335 characters are reserved for minor modes, and ordinary letters are
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336 reserved for users.
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337
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338 A major mode can also rebind the keys @kbd{M-n}, @kbd{M-p} and
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339 @kbd{M-s}. The bindings for @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p} should normally
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340 be some kind of ``moving forward and backward,'' but this does not
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341 necessarily mean cursor motion.
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342
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343 It is legitimate for a major mode to rebind a standard key sequence if
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344 it provides a command that does ``the same job'' in a way better
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345 suited to the text this mode is used for. For example, a major mode
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346 for editing a programming language might redefine @kbd{C-M-a} to
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347 ``move to the beginning of a function'' in a way that works better for
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348 that language.
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349
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350 It is also legitimate for a major mode to rebind a standard key
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351 sequence whose standard meaning is rarely useful in that mode. For
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352 instance, minibuffer modes rebind @kbd{M-r}, whose standard meaning is
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353 rarely of any use in the minibuffer. Major modes such as Dired or
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354 Rmail that do not allow self-insertion of text can reasonably redefine
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355 letters and other printing characters as special commands.
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356
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357 @item
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358 Major modes modes for editing text should not define @key{RET} to do
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359 anything other than insert a newline. However, it is ok for
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360 specialized modes for text that users don't directly edit, such as
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361 Dired and Info modes, to redefine @key{RET} to do something entirely
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362 different.
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363
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364 @item
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365 Major modes should not alter options that are primarily a matter of user
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366 preference, such as whether Auto-Fill mode is enabled. Leave this to
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367 each user to decide. However, a major mode should customize other
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368 variables so that Auto-Fill mode will work usefully @emph{if} the user
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369 decides to use it.
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370
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371 @item
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372 @cindex syntax tables in modes
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373 The mode may have its own syntax table or may share one with other
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374 related modes. If it has its own syntax table, it should store this in
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375 a variable named @code{@var{modename}-mode-syntax-table}. @xref{Syntax
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376 Tables}.
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377
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378 @item
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379 If the mode handles a language that has a syntax for comments, it should
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380 set the variables that define the comment syntax. @xref{Options for
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diff changeset
381 Comments,, Options Controlling Comments, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
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382
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383 @item
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384 @cindex abbrev tables in modes
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385 The mode may have its own abbrev table or may share one with other
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386 related modes. If it has its own abbrev table, it should store this
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387 in a variable named @code{@var{modename}-mode-abbrev-table}. If the
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388 major mode command defines any abbrevs itself, it should pass @code{t}
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parents: 59516
diff changeset
389 for the @var{system-flag} argument to @code{define-abbrev}.
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parents: 62343
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390 @xref{Defining Abbrevs}.
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391
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392 @item
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393 The mode should specify how to do highlighting for Font Lock mode, by
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394 setting up a buffer-local value for the variable
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395 @code{font-lock-defaults} (@pxref{Font Lock Mode}).
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396
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397 @item
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398 The mode should specify how Imenu should find the definitions or
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diff changeset
399 sections of a buffer, by setting up a buffer-local value for the
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parents: 63133
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400 variable @code{imenu-generic-expression}, for the two variables
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
401 @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} and
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
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parents: 52663
diff changeset
402 @code{imenu-extract-index-name-function}, or for the variable
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403 @code{imenu-create-index-function} (@pxref{Imenu}).
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404
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diff changeset
405 @item
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diff changeset
406 The mode can specify a local value for
7f8f03acf7fe (Major Mode Conventions): Explain customizing ElDoc mode.
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diff changeset
407 @code{eldoc-documentation-function} to tell ElDoc mode how to handle
7f8f03acf7fe (Major Mode Conventions): Explain customizing ElDoc mode.
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parents: 61678
diff changeset
408 this mode.
7f8f03acf7fe (Major Mode Conventions): Explain customizing ElDoc mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61678
diff changeset
409
7f8f03acf7fe (Major Mode Conventions): Explain customizing ElDoc mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61678
diff changeset
410 @item
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411 Use @code{defvar} or @code{defcustom} to set mode-related variables, so
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diff changeset
412 that they are not reinitialized if they already have a value. (Such
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413 reinitialization could discard customizations made by the user.)
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6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
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414
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parents: 6451
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415 @item
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416 @cindex buffer-local variables in modes
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parents:
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417 To make a buffer-local binding for an Emacs customization variable, use
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418 @code{make-local-variable} in the major mode command, not
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419 @code{make-variable-buffer-local}. The latter function would make the
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parents:
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420 variable local to every buffer in which it is subsequently set, which
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421 would affect buffers that do not use this mode. It is undesirable for a
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422 mode to have such global effects. @xref{Buffer-Local Variables}.
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423
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parents: 48700
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424 With rare exceptions, the only reasonable way to use
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6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
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425 @code{make-variable-buffer-local} in a Lisp package is for a variable
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
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426 which is used only within that package. Using it on a variable used by
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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parents: 25751
diff changeset
427 other packages would interfere with them.
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428
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429 @item
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430 @cindex mode hook
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431 @cindex major mode hook
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432 Each major mode should have a normal @dfn{mode hook} named
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
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433 @code{@var{modename}-mode-hook}. The very last thing the major mode command
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
434 should do is to call @code{run-mode-hooks}. This runs the mode hook,
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
435 and then runs the normal hook @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
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436 @xref{Mode Hooks}.
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437
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438 @item
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
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parents: 51794
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439 The major mode command may start by calling some other major mode
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
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440 command (called the @dfn{parent mode}) and then alter some of its
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
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441 settings. A mode that does this is called a @dfn{derived mode}. The
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
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442 recommended way to define one is to use @code{define-derived-mode},
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f13e9e778c14 (Major Mode Conventions): A derived mode only needs to put the call to
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62857
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443 but this is not required. Such a mode should call the parent mode
f13e9e778c14 (Major Mode Conventions): A derived mode only needs to put the call to
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62857
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444 command inside a @code{delay-mode-hooks} form. (Using
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3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
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445 @code{define-derived-mode} does this automatically.) @xref{Derived
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
446 Modes}, and @ref{Mode Hooks}.
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447
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448 @item
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
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449 If something special should be done if the user switches a buffer from
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 17278
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450 this mode to any other major mode, this mode can set up a buffer-local
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parents: 21007
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451 value for @code{change-major-mode-hook} (@pxref{Creating Buffer-Local}).
6451
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452
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453 @item
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454 If this mode is appropriate only for specially-prepared text, then the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
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455 major mode command symbol should have a property named @code{mode-class}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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456 with value @code{special}, put on as follows:
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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457
51021
59fa0bb3f282 Index mode-class using @kindex.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50693
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458 @kindex mode-class @r{(property)}
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459 @cindex @code{special}
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parents:
diff changeset
460 @example
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parents:
diff changeset
461 (put 'funny-mode 'mode-class 'special)
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462 @end example
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parents:
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463
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parents:
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464 @noindent
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
465 This tells Emacs that new buffers created while the current buffer is
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
466 in Funny mode should not inherit Funny mode, in case
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
467 @code{default-major-mode} is @code{nil}. Modes such as Dired, Rmail,
6451
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diff changeset
468 and Buffer List use this feature.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
469
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parents:
diff changeset
470 @item
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parents:
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471 If you want to make the new mode the default for files with certain
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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472 recognizable names, add an element to @code{auto-mode-alist} to select
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
473 the mode for those file names (@pxref{Auto Major Mode}). If you
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
474 define the mode command to autoload, you should add this element in
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
475 the same file that calls @code{autoload}. If you use an autoload
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
476 cookie for the mode command, you can also use an autoload cookie for
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
477 the form that adds the element (@pxref{autoload cookie}). If you do
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
478 not autoload the mode command, it is sufficient to add the element in
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
479 the file that contains the mode definition.
6451
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parents:
diff changeset
480
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
481 @item
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
482 In the comments that document the file, you should provide a sample
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
483 @code{autoload} form and an example of how to add to
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
484 @code{auto-mode-alist}, that users can include in their init files
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
485 (@pxref{Init File}).
6451
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parents:
diff changeset
486
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
487 @item
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
488 @cindex mode loading
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
489 The top-level forms in the file defining the mode should be written so
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
490 that they may be evaluated more than once without adverse consequences.
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parents:
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491 Even if you never load the file more than once, someone else will.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
492 @end itemize
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
493
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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494 @node Auto Major Mode
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
495 @subsection How Emacs Chooses a Major Mode
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
496
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
497 Based on information in the file name or in the file itself, Emacs
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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498 automatically selects a major mode for the new buffer when a file is
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
499 visited. It also processes local variables specified in the file text.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
500
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
501 @deffn Command fundamental-mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
502 Fundamental mode is a major mode that is not specialized for anything
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
503 in particular. Other major modes are defined in effect by comparison
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
504 with this one---their definitions say what to change, starting from
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
505 Fundamental mode. The @code{fundamental-mode} function does @emph{not}
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
506 run any mode hooks; you're not supposed to customize it. (If you want Emacs
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
507 to behave differently in Fundamental mode, change the @emph{global}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
508 state of Emacs.)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
509 @end deffn
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
510
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
511 @deffn Command normal-mode &optional find-file
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
512 This function establishes the proper major mode and buffer-local variable
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
513 bindings for the current buffer. First it calls @code{set-auto-mode}
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
514 (see below), then it runs @code{hack-local-variables} to parse, and
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
515 bind or evaluate as appropriate, the file's local variables
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
516 (@pxref{File Local Variables}).
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
517
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
518 If the @var{find-file} argument to @code{normal-mode} is non-@code{nil},
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
519 @code{normal-mode} assumes that the @code{find-file} function is calling
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
520 it. In this case, it may process local variables in the @samp{-*-}
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
521 line or at the end of the file. The variable
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
522 @code{enable-local-variables} controls whether to do so. @xref{File
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
523 Variables, , Local Variables in Files, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual},
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
524 for the syntax of the local variables section of a file.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
525
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
526 If you run @code{normal-mode} interactively, the argument
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
527 @var{find-file} is normally @code{nil}. In this case,
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
528 @code{normal-mode} unconditionally processes any file local variables.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
529
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
530 If @code{normal-mode} processes the local variables list and this list
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
531 specifies a major mode, that mode overrides any mode chosen by
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
532 @code{set-auto-mode}. If neither @code{set-auto-mode} nor
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
533 @code{hack-local-variables} specify a major mode, the buffer stays in
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
534 the major mode determined by @code{default-major-mode} (see below).
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
535
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
536 @cindex file mode specification error
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
537 @code{normal-mode} uses @code{condition-case} around the call to the
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
538 major mode function, so errors are caught and reported as a @samp{File
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
539 mode specification error}, followed by the original error message.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
540 @end deffn
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
541
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
542 @defun set-auto-mode &optional keep-mode-if-same
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
543 @cindex visited file mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
544 This function selects the major mode that is appropriate for the
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
545 current buffer. It bases its decision (in order of precedence) on
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
546 the @w{@samp{-*-}} line, on the @w{@samp{#!}} line (using
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
547 @code{interpreter-mode-alist}), on the text at the beginning of the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
548 buffer (using @code{magic-mode-alist}), and finally on the visited
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
549 file name (using @code{auto-mode-alist}). @xref{Choosing Modes, , How
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
550 Major Modes are Chosen, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. However, this
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
551 function does not look for the @samp{mode:} local variable near the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
552 end of a file; the @code{hack-local-variables} function does that.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
553 If @code{enable-local-variables} is @code{nil}, @code{set-auto-mode}
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
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554 does not check the @w{@samp{-*-}} line for a mode tag either.
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parents: 62343
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555
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parents: 62343
diff changeset
556 If @var{keep-mode-if-same} is non-@code{nil}, this function does not
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
557 call the mode command if the buffer is already in the proper major
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parents: 62343
diff changeset
558 mode. For instance, @code{set-visited-file-name} sets this to
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Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
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559 @code{t} to avoid killing buffer local variables that the user may
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
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560 have set.
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561 @end defun
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parents:
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562
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563 @defopt default-major-mode
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564 This variable holds the default major mode for new buffers. The
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565 standard value is @code{fundamental-mode}.
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parents:
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566
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567 If the value of @code{default-major-mode} is @code{nil}, Emacs uses
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568 the (previously) current buffer's major mode as the default major mode
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
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569 of a new buffer. However, if that major mode symbol has a @code{mode-class}
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570 property with value @code{special}, then it is not used for new buffers;
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571 Fundamental mode is used instead. The modes that have this property are
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parents:
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572 those such as Dired and Rmail that are useful only with text that has
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parents:
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573 been specially prepared.
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parents:
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574 @end defopt
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parents:
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575
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576 @defun set-buffer-major-mode buffer
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577 This function sets the major mode of @var{buffer} to the value of
62345
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578 @code{default-major-mode}; if that variable is @code{nil}, it uses the
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parents: 62343
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579 current buffer's major mode (if that is suitable). As an exception,
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parents: 62343
diff changeset
580 if @var{buffer}'s name is @samp{*scratch*}, it sets the mode to
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
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parents: 62343
diff changeset
581 @code{initial-major-mode}.
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parents: 8960
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582
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parents: 8960
diff changeset
583 The low-level primitives for creating buffers do not use this function,
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parents: 12067
diff changeset
584 but medium-level commands such as @code{switch-to-buffer} and
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parents: 12067
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585 @code{find-file-noselect} use it whenever they create buffers.
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586 @end defun
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parents: 8960
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587
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diff changeset
588 @defopt initial-major-mode
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589 @cindex @samp{*scratch*}
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parents:
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590 The value of this variable determines the major mode of the initial
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parents:
diff changeset
591 @samp{*scratch*} buffer. The value should be a symbol that is a major
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 17278
diff changeset
592 mode command. The default value is @code{lisp-interaction-mode}.
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593 @end defopt
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
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diff changeset
594
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
595 @defvar interpreter-mode-alist
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
596 This variable specifies major modes to use for scripts that specify a
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
597 command interpreter in a @samp{#!} line. Its value is an alist with
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
598 elements of the form @code{(@var{interpreter} . @var{mode})}; for
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
599 example, @code{("perl" . perl-mode)} is one element present by
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
600 default. The element says to use mode @var{mode} if the file
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94eca817f666 (Auto Major Mode): interpreter-mode-alist is not a regexp.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64889
diff changeset
601 specifies an interpreter which matches @var{interpreter}.
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parents: 62343
diff changeset
602 @end defvar
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parents: 62343
diff changeset
603
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
604 @defvar magic-mode-alist
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
605 This variable's value is an alist with elements of the form
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
606 @code{(@var{regexp} . @var{function})}, where @var{regexp} is a
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
607 regular expression and @var{function} is a function or @code{nil}.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
608 After visiting a file, @code{set-auto-mode} calls @var{function} if
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
609 the text at the beginning of the buffer matches @var{regexp} and
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
610 @var{function} is non-@code{nil}; if @var{function} is @code{nil},
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
611 @code{auto-mode-alist} gets to decide the mode.
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parents:
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612 @end defvar
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parents:
diff changeset
613
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
614 @defvar auto-mode-alist
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
615 This variable contains an association list of file name patterns
62345
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Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
616 (regular expressions) and corresponding major mode commands. Usually,
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
617 the file name patterns test for suffixes, such as @samp{.el} and
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
618 @samp{.c}, but this need not be the case. An ordinary element of the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
619 alist looks like @code{(@var{regexp} . @var{mode-function})}.
6451
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parents:
diff changeset
620
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
621 For example,
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
622
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
623 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
624 @group
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
625 (("\\`/tmp/fol/" . text-mode)
8505
d3f7cadf8c95 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8016
diff changeset
626 ("\\.texinfo\\'" . texinfo-mode)
d3f7cadf8c95 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8016
diff changeset
627 ("\\.texi\\'" . texinfo-mode)
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8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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628 @end group
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parents:
diff changeset
629 @group
8505
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parents: 8016
diff changeset
630 ("\\.el\\'" . emacs-lisp-mode)
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Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
631 ("\\.c\\'" . c-mode)
8505
d3f7cadf8c95 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8016
diff changeset
632 ("\\.h\\'" . c-mode)
6451
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parents:
diff changeset
633 @dots{})
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
634 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
635 @end smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
636
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
637 When you visit a file whose expanded file name (@pxref{File Name
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
638 Expansion}), with version numbers and backup suffixes removed using
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
639 @code{file-name-sans-versions} (@pxref{File Name Components}), matches
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
640 a @var{regexp}, @code{set-auto-mode} calls the corresponding
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
641 @var{mode-function}. This feature enables Emacs to select the proper
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
642 major mode for most files.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
643
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
644 If an element of @code{auto-mode-alist} has the form @code{(@var{regexp}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
645 @var{function} t)}, then after calling @var{function}, Emacs searches
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
646 @code{auto-mode-alist} again for a match against the portion of the file
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
647 name that did not match before. This feature is useful for
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
648 uncompression packages: an entry of the form @code{("\\.gz\\'"
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
649 @var{function} t)} can uncompress the file and then put the uncompressed
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
650 file in the proper mode according to the name sans @samp{.gz}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
651
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
652 Here is an example of how to prepend several pattern pairs to
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
653 @code{auto-mode-alist}. (You might use this sort of expression in your
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
654 init file.)
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
655
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
656 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
657 @group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
658 (setq auto-mode-alist
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parents: 48700
diff changeset
659 (append
21007
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
660 ;; @r{File name (within directory) starts with a dot.}
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
661 '(("/\\.[^/]*\\'" . fundamental-mode)
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
662 ;; @r{File name has no dot.}
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
663 ("[^\\./]*\\'" . fundamental-mode)
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
664 ;; @r{File name ends in @samp{.C}.}
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d3f7cadf8c95 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8016
diff changeset
665 ("\\.C\\'" . c++-mode))
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parents:
diff changeset
666 auto-mode-alist))
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parents:
diff changeset
667 @end group
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parents:
diff changeset
668 @end smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
669 @end defvar
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
670
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parents:
diff changeset
671 @node Mode Help
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
672 @subsection Getting Help about a Major Mode
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
673 @cindex mode help
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
674 @cindex help for major mode
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
675 @cindex documentation for major mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
676
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parents:
diff changeset
677 The @code{describe-mode} function is used to provide information
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
678 about major modes. It is normally called with @kbd{C-h m}. The
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
679 @code{describe-mode} function uses the value of @code{major-mode},
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
680 which is why every major mode function needs to set the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
681 @code{major-mode} variable.
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parents:
diff changeset
682
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
683 @deffn Command describe-mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
684 This function displays the documentation of the current major mode.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
685
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
686 The @code{describe-mode} function calls the @code{documentation}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
687 function using the value of @code{major-mode} as an argument. Thus, it
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
688 displays the documentation string of the major mode function.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
689 (@xref{Accessing Documentation}.)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
690 @end deffn
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
691
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
692 @defvar major-mode
65369
822218f80ae4 2005-09-08 Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 65320
diff changeset
693 This buffer-local variable holds the symbol for the current buffer's
822218f80ae4 2005-09-08 Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 65320
diff changeset
694 major mode. This symbol should have a function definition that is the
822218f80ae4 2005-09-08 Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 65320
diff changeset
695 command to switch to that major mode. The @code{describe-mode}
822218f80ae4 2005-09-08 Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 65320
diff changeset
696 function uses the documentation string of the function as the
822218f80ae4 2005-09-08 Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 65320
diff changeset
697 documentation of the major mode.
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parents:
diff changeset
698 @end defvar
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699
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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700 @node Derived Modes
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
701 @subsection Defining Derived Modes
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071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
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parents: 61906
diff changeset
702 @cindex derived mode
6451
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diff changeset
703
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
704 It's often useful to define a new major mode in terms of an existing
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
705 one. An easy way to do this is to use @code{define-derived-mode}.
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parents:
diff changeset
706
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Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
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707 @defmac define-derived-mode variant parent name docstring keyword-args@dots{} body@dots{}
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parents:
diff changeset
708 This construct defines @var{variant} as a major mode command, using
62345
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Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
709 @var{name} as the string form of the mode name. @var{variant} and
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
710 @var{parent} should be unquoted symbols.
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parents:
diff changeset
711
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6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 6451
diff changeset
712 The new command @var{variant} is defined to call the function
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 6451
diff changeset
713 @var{parent}, then override certain aspects of that parent mode:
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parents:
diff changeset
714
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parents: 48700
diff changeset
715 @itemize @bullet
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parents:
diff changeset
716 @item
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Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
717 The new mode has its own sparse keymap, named
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
718 @code{@var{variant}-map}. @code{define-derived-mode}
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Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
719 makes the parent mode's keymap the parent of the new map, unless
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
720 @code{@var{variant}-map} is already set and already has a parent.
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parents:
diff changeset
721
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parents:
diff changeset
722 @item
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 6451
diff changeset
723 The new mode has its own syntax table, kept in the variable
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
724 @code{@var{variant}-syntax-table}, unless you override this using the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
725 @code{:syntax-table} keyword (see below). @code{define-derived-mode}
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
726 makes the parent mode's syntax-table the parent of
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
727 @code{@var{variant}-syntax-table}, unless the latter is already set
62488
5d20851e7295 (Derived Modes): Correct references to non-existing variable
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62434
diff changeset
728 and already has a parent different from the standard syntax table.
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729
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730 @item
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 6451
diff changeset
731 The new mode has its own abbrev table, kept in the variable
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
732 @code{@var{variant}-abbrev-table}, unless you override this using the
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
733 @code{:abbrev-table} keyword (see below).
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734
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735 @item
62345
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Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
736 The new mode has its own mode hook, @code{@var{variant}-hook}. It
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
737 runs this hook, after running the hooks of its ancestor modes, with
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
738 @code{run-mode-hooks}, as the last thing it does. @xref{Mode Hooks}.
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parents:
diff changeset
739 @end itemize
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parents:
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740
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741 In addition, you can specify how to override other aspects of
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
742 @var{parent} with @var{body}. The command @var{variant}
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23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
743 evaluates the forms in @var{body} after setting up all its usual
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
744 overrides, just before running the mode hooks.
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745
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5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
746 You can also specify @code{nil} for @var{parent}. This gives the new
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
747 mode no parent. Then @code{define-derived-mode} behaves as described
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
748 above, but, of course, omits all actions connected with @var{parent}.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
749
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
750 The argument @var{docstring} specifies the documentation string for
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
751 the new mode. @code{define-derived-mode} adds some general
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
752 information about the mode's hook, followed by the mode's keymap, at
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
753 the end of this docstring. If you omit @var{docstring},
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
754 @code{define-derived-mode} generates a documentation string.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
755
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
756 The @var{keyword-args} are pairs of keywords and values. The values
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
757 are evaluated. The following keywords are currently supported:
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
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parents: 62343
diff changeset
758
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
759 @table @code
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
760 @item :syntax-table
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
761 You can use this to explicitly specify a syntax table for the new
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
762 mode. If you specify a @code{nil} value, the new mode uses the same
62488
5d20851e7295 (Derived Modes): Correct references to non-existing variable
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62434
diff changeset
763 syntax table as @var{parent}, or the standard syntax table if
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
764 @var{parent} is @code{nil}. (Note that this does @emph{not} follow
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
765 the convention used for non-keyword arguments that a @code{nil} value
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
766 is equivalent with not specifying the argument.)
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
767
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
768 @item :abbrev-table
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
769 You can use this to explicitly specify an abbrev table for the new
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
770 mode. If you specify a @code{nil} value, the new mode uses the same
62355
742fd00f9af6 (Derived Modes): Correct typos. Add pxref.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62345
diff changeset
771 abbrev table as @var{parent}, or @code{fundamental-mode-abbrev-table}
742fd00f9af6 (Derived Modes): Correct typos. Add pxref.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62345
diff changeset
772 if @var{parent} is @code{nil}. (Again, a @code{nil} value is
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
773 @emph{not} equivalent to not specifying this keyword.)
62594
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
774
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
775 @item :group
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
776 If this is specified, the value should be the customization group for
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
777 this mode. (Not all major modes have one.) Only the (still
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
778 experimental and unadvertised) command @code{customize-mode} currently
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
779 uses this. @code{define-derived-mode} does @emph{not} automatically
47219b2b8b6f (Derived Modes): Clarify :group keyword.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62539
diff changeset
780 define the specified customization group.
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
781 @end table
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parents:
diff changeset
782
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
783 Here is a hypothetical example:
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
784
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
785 @example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
786 (define-derived-mode hypertext-mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
787 text-mode "Hypertext"
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
788 "Major mode for hypertext.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
789 \\@{hypertext-mode-map@}"
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790 (setq case-fold-search nil))
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
791
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
792 (define-key hypertext-mode-map
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
793 [down-mouse-3] 'do-hyper-link)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794 @end example
40928
ebfea94f75d4 Don't write explicit (interactive) in defining a derived mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39793
diff changeset
795
ebfea94f75d4 Don't write explicit (interactive) in defining a derived mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39793
diff changeset
796 Do not write an @code{interactive} spec in the definition;
ebfea94f75d4 Don't write explicit (interactive) in defining a derived mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 39793
diff changeset
797 @code{define-derived-mode} does that automatically.
6451
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parents:
diff changeset
798 @end defmac
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parents:
diff changeset
799
61930
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
800 @node Generic Modes
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
801 @subsection Generic Modes
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
802 @cindex generic mode
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
803
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
804 @dfn{Generic modes} are simple major modes with basic support for
72304
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
805 comment syntax and Font Lock mode. To define a generic mode, use the
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
806 macro @code{define-generic-mode}. See the file @file{generic-x.el}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
807 for some examples of the use of @code{define-generic-mode}.
61930
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
808
62259
61b87484a6ec (Generic Modes): Update.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61930
diff changeset
809 @defmac define-generic-mode mode comment-list keyword-list font-lock-list auto-mode-list function-list &optional docstring
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
810 This macro defines a generic mode command named @var{mode} (a symbol,
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
811 not quoted). The optional argument @var{docstring} is the
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
812 documentation for the mode command. If you do not supply it,
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
813 @code{define-generic-mode} generates one by default.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
814
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
815 The argument @var{comment-list} is a list in which each element is
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
816 either a character, a string of one or two characters, or a cons cell.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
817 A character or a string is set up in the mode's syntax table as a
61930
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
818 ``comment starter.'' If the entry is a cons cell, the @sc{car} is set
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
819 up as a ``comment starter'' and the @sc{cdr} as a ``comment ender.''
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
820 (Use @code{nil} for the latter if you want comments to end at the end
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
821 of the line.) Note that the syntax table mechanism has limitations
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
822 about what comment starters and enders are actually possible.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
823 @xref{Syntax Tables}.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
824
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
825 The argument @var{keyword-list} is a list of keywords to highlight
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
826 with @code{font-lock-keyword-face}. Each keyword should be a string.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
827 Meanwhile, @var{font-lock-list} is a list of additional expressions to
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
828 highlight. Each element of this list should have the same form as an
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
829 element of @code{font-lock-keywords}. @xref{Search-based
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
830 Fontification}.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
831
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
832 The argument @var{auto-mode-list} is a list of regular expressions to
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
833 add to the variable @code{auto-mode-alist}. They are added by the execution
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
834 of the @code{define-generic-mode} form, not by expanding the macro call.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
835
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
836 Finally, @var{function-list} is a list of functions for the mode
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
837 command to call for additional setup. It calls these functions just
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
838 before it runs the mode hook variable @code{@var{mode}-hook}.
61930
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
839 @end defmac
071e38f3801c (Generic Modes): New node.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61906
diff changeset
840
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
841 @node Mode Hooks
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
842 @subsection Mode Hooks
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
843
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
844 Every major mode function should finish by running its mode hook and
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
845 the mode-independent normal hook @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
846 It does this by calling @code{run-mode-hooks}. If the major mode is a
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
847 derived mode, that is if it calls another major mode (the parent mode)
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
848 in its body, it should do this inside @code{delay-mode-hooks} so that
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
849 the parent won't run these hooks itself. Instead, the derived mode's
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
850 call to @code{run-mode-hooks} runs the parent's mode hook too.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
851 @xref{Major Mode Conventions}.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
852
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
853 Emacs versions before Emacs 22 did not have @code{delay-mode-hooks}.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
854 When user-implemented major modes have not been updated to use it,
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
855 they won't entirely follow these conventions: they may run the
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
856 parent's mode hook too early, or fail to run
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
857 @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}. If you encounter such a major
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
858 mode, please correct it to follow these conventions.
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
859
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
860 When you defined a major mode using @code{define-derived-mode}, it
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
861 automatically makes sure these conventions are followed. If you
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
862 define a major mode ``by hand,'' not using @code{define-derived-mode},
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
863 use the following functions to handle these conventions automatically.
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
864
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
865 @defun run-mode-hooks &rest hookvars
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
866 Major modes should run their mode hook using this function. It is
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
867 similar to @code{run-hooks} (@pxref{Hooks}), but it also runs
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
868 @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}.
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
869
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
870 When this function is called during the execution of a
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
871 @code{delay-mode-hooks} form, it does not run the hooks immediately.
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0 (Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62652
diff changeset
872 Instead, it arranges for the next call to @code{run-mode-hooks} to run
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
873 them.
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
874 @end defun
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
875
66145
9d237c376071 (Mode Hooks, Defining Minor Modes):
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 65369
diff changeset
876 @defmac delay-mode-hooks body@dots{}
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
877 When one major mode command calls another, it should do so inside of
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
878 @code{delay-mode-hooks}.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
879
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
880 This macro executes @var{body}, but tells all @code{run-mode-hooks}
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
881 calls during the execution of @var{body} to delay running their hooks.
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
882 The hooks will actually run during the next call to
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
883 @code{run-mode-hooks} after the end of the @code{delay-mode-hooks}
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
884 construct.
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
885 @end defmac
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
886
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
887 @defvar after-change-major-mode-hook
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
888 This is a normal hook run by @code{run-mode-hooks}. It is run at the
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
889 very end of every properly-written major mode function.
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
890 @end defvar
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
891
72304
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
892 @node Example Major Modes
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
893 @subsection Major Mode Examples
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
894
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
895 Text mode is perhaps the simplest mode besides Fundamental mode.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
896 Here are excerpts from @file{text-mode.el} that illustrate many of
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
897 the conventions listed above:
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
898
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
899 @smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
900 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
901 ;; @r{Create the syntax table for this mode.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
902 (defvar text-mode-syntax-table
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
903 (let ((st (make-syntax-table)))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
904 (modify-syntax-entry ?\" ". " st)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
905 (modify-syntax-entry ?\\ ". " st)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
906 ;; Add `p' so M-c on `hello' leads to `Hello', not `hello'.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
907 (modify-syntax-entry ?' "w p" st)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
908 st)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
909 "Syntax table used while in `text-mode'.")
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
910 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
911
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
912 ;; @r{Create the keymap for this mode.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
913 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
914 (defvar text-mode-map
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
915 (let ((map (make-sparse-keymap)))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
916 (define-key map "\e\t" 'ispell-complete-word)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
917 (define-key map "\es" 'center-line)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
918 (define-key map "\eS" 'center-paragraph)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
919 map)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
920 "Keymap for `text-mode'.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
921 Many other modes, such as Mail mode, Outline mode
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
922 and Indented Text mode, inherit all the commands
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
923 defined in this map.")
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
924 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
925 @end smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
926
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
927 Here is how the actual mode command is defined now:
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
928
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
929 @smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
930 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
931 (define-derived-mode text-mode nil "Text"
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
932 "Major mode for editing text written for humans to read.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
933 In this mode, paragraphs are delimited only by blank or white lines.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
934 You can thus get the full benefit of adaptive filling
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
935 (see the variable `adaptive-fill-mode').
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
936 \\@{text-mode-map@}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
937 Turning on Text mode runs the normal hook `text-mode-hook'."
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
938 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
939 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
940 (make-local-variable 'text-mode-variant)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
941 (setq text-mode-variant t)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
942 ;; @r{These two lines are a feature added recently.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
943 (set (make-local-variable 'require-final-newline)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
944 mode-require-final-newline)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
945 (set (make-local-variable 'indent-line-function) 'indent-relative))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
946 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
947 @end smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
948
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
949 But here is how it was defined formerly, before
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
950 @code{define-derived-mode} existed:
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
951
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
952 @smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
953 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
954 ;; @r{This isn't needed nowadays, since @code{define-derived-mode} does it.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
955 (defvar text-mode-abbrev-table nil
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
956 "Abbrev table used while in text mode.")
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
957 (define-abbrev-table 'text-mode-abbrev-table ())
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
958 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
959
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
960 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
961 (defun text-mode ()
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
962 "Major mode for editing text intended for humans to read...
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
963 Special commands: \\@{text-mode-map@}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
964 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
965 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
966 Turning on text-mode runs the hook `text-mode-hook'."
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
967 (interactive)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
968 (kill-all-local-variables)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
969 (use-local-map text-mode-map)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
970 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
971 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
972 (setq local-abbrev-table text-mode-abbrev-table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
973 (set-syntax-table text-mode-syntax-table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
974 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
975 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
976 ;; @r{These four lines are absent from the current version}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
977 ;; @r{not because this is done some other way, but rather}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
978 ;; @r{because nowadays Text mode uses the normal definition of paragraphs.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
979 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-start)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
980 (setq paragraph-start (concat "[ \t]*$\\|" page-delimiter))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
981 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-separate)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
982 (setq paragraph-separate paragraph-start)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
983 (make-local-variable 'indent-line-function)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
984 (setq indent-line-function 'indent-relative-maybe)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
985 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
986 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
987 (setq mode-name "Text")
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
988 (setq major-mode 'text-mode)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
989 (run-mode-hooks 'text-mode-hook)) ; @r{Finally, this permits the user to}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
990 ; @r{customize the mode with a hook.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
991 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
992 @end smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
993
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
994 @cindex @file{lisp-mode.el}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
995 The three Lisp modes (Lisp mode, Emacs Lisp mode, and Lisp
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
996 Interaction mode) have more features than Text mode and the code is
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
997 correspondingly more complicated. Here are excerpts from
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
998 @file{lisp-mode.el} that illustrate how these modes are written.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
999
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1000 @cindex syntax table example
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1001 @smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1002 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1003 ;; @r{Create mode-specific table variables.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1004 (defvar lisp-mode-syntax-table nil "")
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1005 (defvar lisp-mode-abbrev-table nil "")
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1006 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1007
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1008 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1009 (defvar emacs-lisp-mode-syntax-table
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1010 (let ((table (make-syntax-table)))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1011 (let ((i 0))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1012 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1013
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1014 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1015 ;; @r{Set syntax of chars up to @samp{0} to say they are}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1016 ;; @r{part of symbol names but not words.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1017 ;; @r{(The digit @samp{0} is @code{48} in the @acronym{ASCII} character set.)}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1018 (while (< i ?0)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1019 (modify-syntax-entry i "_ " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1020 (setq i (1+ i)))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1021 ;; @r{@dots{} similar code follows for other character ranges.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1022 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1023 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1024 ;; @r{Then set the syntax codes for characters that are special in Lisp.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1025 (modify-syntax-entry ? " " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1026 (modify-syntax-entry ?\t " " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1027 (modify-syntax-entry ?\f " " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1028 (modify-syntax-entry ?\n "> " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1029 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1030 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1031 ;; @r{Give CR the same syntax as newline, for selective-display.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1032 (modify-syntax-entry ?\^m "> " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1033 (modify-syntax-entry ?\; "< " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1034 (modify-syntax-entry ?` "' " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1035 (modify-syntax-entry ?' "' " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1036 (modify-syntax-entry ?, "' " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1037 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1038 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1039 ;; @r{@dots{}likewise for many other characters@dots{}}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1040 (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "() " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1041 (modify-syntax-entry ?\) ")( " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1042 (modify-syntax-entry ?\[ "(] " table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1043 (modify-syntax-entry ?\] ")[ " table))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1044 table))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1045 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1046 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1047 ;; @r{Create an abbrev table for lisp-mode.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1048 (define-abbrev-table 'lisp-mode-abbrev-table ())
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1049 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1050 @end smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1051
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
1052 The three modes for Lisp share much of their code. For instance,
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
1053 each calls the following function to set various variables:
72304
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1054
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1055 @smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1056 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1057 (defun lisp-mode-variables (lisp-syntax)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1058 (when lisp-syntax
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1059 (set-syntax-table lisp-mode-syntax-table))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1060 (setq local-abbrev-table lisp-mode-abbrev-table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1061 @dots{}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1062 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1063 @end smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1064
72318
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
1065 In Lisp and most programming languages, we want the paragraph
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
1066 commands to treat only blank lines as paragraph separators. And the
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
1067 modes should undestand the Lisp conventions for comments. The rest of
6e29ae378991 Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 72304
diff changeset
1068 @code{lisp-mode-variables} sets this up:
72304
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1069
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1070 @smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1071 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1072 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-start)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1073 (setq paragraph-start (concat page-delimiter "\\|$" ))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1074 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-separate)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1075 (setq paragraph-separate paragraph-start)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1076 @dots{}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1077 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1078 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1079 (make-local-variable 'comment-indent-function)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1080 (setq comment-indent-function 'lisp-comment-indent))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1081 @dots{}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1082 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1083 @end smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1084
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1085 Each of the different Lisp modes has a slightly different keymap. For
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1086 example, Lisp mode binds @kbd{C-c C-z} to @code{run-lisp}, but the other
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1087 Lisp modes do not. However, all Lisp modes have some commands in
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1088 common. The following code sets up the common commands:
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1089
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1090 @smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1091 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1092 (defvar shared-lisp-mode-map ()
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1093 "Keymap for commands shared by all sorts of Lisp modes.")
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1094
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1095 ;; @r{Putting this @code{if} after the @code{defvar} is an older style.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1096 (if shared-lisp-mode-map
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1097 ()
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1098 (setq shared-lisp-mode-map (make-sparse-keymap))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1099 (define-key shared-lisp-mode-map "\e\C-q" 'indent-sexp)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1100 (define-key shared-lisp-mode-map "\177"
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1101 'backward-delete-char-untabify))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1102 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1103 @end smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1104
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1105 @noindent
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1106 And here is the code to set up the keymap for Lisp mode:
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1107
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1108 @smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1109 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1110 (defvar lisp-mode-map ()
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1111 "Keymap for ordinary Lisp mode...")
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1112
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1113 (if lisp-mode-map
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1114 ()
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1115 (setq lisp-mode-map (make-sparse-keymap))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1116 (set-keymap-parent lisp-mode-map shared-lisp-mode-map)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1117 (define-key lisp-mode-map "\e\C-x" 'lisp-eval-defun)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1118 (define-key lisp-mode-map "\C-c\C-z" 'run-lisp))
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1119 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1120 @end smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1121
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1122 Finally, here is the complete major mode function definition for
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1123 Lisp mode.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1124
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1125 @smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1126 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1127 (defun lisp-mode ()
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1128 "Major mode for editing Lisp code for Lisps other than GNU Emacs Lisp.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1129 Commands:
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1130 Delete converts tabs to spaces as it moves back.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1131 Blank lines separate paragraphs. Semicolons start comments.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1132 \\@{lisp-mode-map@}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1133 Note that `run-lisp' may be used either to start an inferior Lisp job
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1134 or to switch back to an existing one.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1135 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1136
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1137 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1138 Entry to this mode calls the value of `lisp-mode-hook'
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1139 if that value is non-nil."
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1140 (interactive)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1141 (kill-all-local-variables)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1142 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1143 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1144 (use-local-map lisp-mode-map) ; @r{Select the mode's keymap.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1145 (setq major-mode 'lisp-mode) ; @r{This is how @code{describe-mode}}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1146 ; @r{finds out what to describe.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1147 (setq mode-name "Lisp") ; @r{This goes into the mode line.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1148 (lisp-mode-variables t) ; @r{This defines various variables.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1149 (make-local-variable 'comment-start-skip)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1150 (setq comment-start-skip
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1151 "\\(\\(^\\|[^\\\\\n]\\)\\(\\\\\\\\\\)*\\)\\(;+\\|#|\\) *")
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1152 (make-local-variable 'font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1153 (setq font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search t)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1154 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1155 @group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1156 (setq imenu-case-fold-search t)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1157 (set-syntax-table lisp-mode-syntax-table)
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1158 (run-mode-hooks 'lisp-mode-hook)) ; @r{This permits the user to use a}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1159 ; @r{hook to customize the mode.}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1160 @end group
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1161 @end smallexample
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1162
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1163 @node Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1164 @section Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1165 @cindex minor mode
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1166
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1167 A @dfn{minor mode} provides features that users may enable or disable
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1168 independently of the choice of major mode. Minor modes can be enabled
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1169 individually or in combination. Minor modes would be better named
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1170 ``generally available, optional feature modes,'' except that such a name
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1171 would be unwieldy.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1172
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1173 A minor mode is not usually meant as a variation of a single major mode.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1174 Usually they are general and can apply to many major modes. For
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1175 example, Auto Fill mode works with any major mode that permits text
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1176 insertion. To be general, a minor mode must be effectively independent
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1177 of the things major modes do.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1178
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1179 A minor mode is often much more difficult to implement than a major
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1180 mode. One reason is that you should be able to activate and deactivate
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1181 minor modes in any order. A minor mode should be able to have its
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1182 desired effect regardless of the major mode and regardless of the other
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1183 minor modes in effect.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1184
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1185 Often the biggest problem in implementing a minor mode is finding a
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1186 way to insert the necessary hook into the rest of Emacs. Minor mode
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1187 keymaps make this easier than it used to be.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1188
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1189 @defvar minor-mode-list
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1190 The value of this variable is a list of all minor mode commands.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1191 @end defvar
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1192
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1193 @menu
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1194 * Minor Mode Conventions:: Tips for writing a minor mode.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1195 * Keymaps and Minor Modes:: How a minor mode can have its own keymap.
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1196 * Defining Minor Modes:: A convenient facility for defining minor modes.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1197 @end menu
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1198
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1199 @node Minor Mode Conventions
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1200 @subsection Conventions for Writing Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1201 @cindex minor mode conventions
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1202 @cindex conventions for writing minor modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1203
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1204 There are conventions for writing minor modes just as there are for
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1205 major modes. Several of the major mode conventions apply to minor
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1206 modes as well: those regarding the name of the mode initialization
66935
1af402fe3e48 (Minor Mode Conventions): Use custom-set-minor-mode.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 66933
diff changeset
1207 function, the names of global symbols, the use of a hook at the end of
1af402fe3e48 (Minor Mode Conventions): Use custom-set-minor-mode.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 66933
diff changeset
1208 the initialization function, and the use of keymaps and other tables.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1209
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1210 In addition, there are several conventions that are specific to
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1211 minor modes. (The easiest way to follow all the conventions is to use
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1212 the macro @code{define-minor-mode}; @ref{Defining Minor Modes}.)
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1213
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1214 @itemize @bullet
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1215 @item
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1216 @cindex mode variable
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1217 Make a variable whose name ends in @samp{-mode} to control the minor
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1218 mode. We call this the @dfn{mode variable}. The minor mode command
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1219 should set this variable (@code{nil} to disable; anything else to
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1220 enable).
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1221
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1222 If possible, implement the mode so that setting the variable
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1223 automatically enables or disables the mode. Then the minor mode command
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1224 does not need to do anything except set the variable.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1225
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1226 This variable is used in conjunction with the @code{minor-mode-alist} to
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1227 display the minor mode name in the mode line. It can also enable
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1228 or disable a minor mode keymap. Individual commands or hooks can also
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1229 check the variable's value.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1230
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1231 If you want the minor mode to be enabled separately in each buffer,
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1232 make the variable buffer-local.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1233
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1234 @item
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1235 Define a command whose name is the same as the mode variable.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1236 Its job is to enable and disable the mode by setting the variable.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1237
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1238 The command should accept one optional argument. If the argument is
51794
8a7816e7f5bd (Minor Mode Conventions): Specify only some kinds
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51703
diff changeset
1239 @code{nil}, it should toggle the mode (turn it on if it is off, and
8a7816e7f5bd (Minor Mode Conventions): Specify only some kinds
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51703
diff changeset
1240 off if it is on). It should turn the mode on if the argument is a
8a7816e7f5bd (Minor Mode Conventions): Specify only some kinds
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51703
diff changeset
1241 positive integer, the symbol @code{t}, or a list whose @sc{car} is one
8a7816e7f5bd (Minor Mode Conventions): Specify only some kinds
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51703
diff changeset
1242 of those. It should turn the mode off if the argument is a negative
55831
3d0a4333d97a (Minor Mode Conventions): (-) has no special meaning
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 55687
diff changeset
1243 integer or zero, the symbol @code{-}, or a list whose @sc{car} is a
3d0a4333d97a (Minor Mode Conventions): (-) has no special meaning
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 55687
diff changeset
1244 negative integer or zero. The meaning of other arguments is not
3d0a4333d97a (Minor Mode Conventions): (-) has no special meaning
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 55687
diff changeset
1245 specified.
6451
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1246
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1247 Here is an example taken from the definition of @code{transient-mark-mode}.
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1248 It shows the use of @code{transient-mark-mode} as a variable that enables or
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1249 disables the mode's behavior, and also shows the proper way to toggle,
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1250 enable or disable the minor mode based on the raw prefix argument value.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1251
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1252 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1253 @group
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1254 (setq transient-mark-mode
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1255 (if (null arg) (not transient-mark-mode)
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1256 (> (prefix-numeric-value arg) 0)))
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1257 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1258 @end smallexample
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1259
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1260 @item
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1261 Add an element to @code{minor-mode-alist} for each minor mode
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1262 (@pxref{Definition of minor-mode-alist}), if you want to indicate the
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1263 minor mode in the mode line. This element should be a list of the
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1264 following form:
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1265
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1266 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1267 (@var{mode-variable} @var{string})
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1268 @end smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1269
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1270 Here @var{mode-variable} is the variable that controls enabling of the
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1271 minor mode, and @var{string} is a short string, starting with a space,
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1272 to represent the mode in the mode line. These strings must be short so
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1273 that there is room for several of them at once.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1274
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1275 When you add an element to @code{minor-mode-alist}, use @code{assq} to
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1276 check for an existing element, to avoid duplication. For example:
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1278 @smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279 @group
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1280 (unless (assq 'leif-mode minor-mode-alist)
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1281 (setq minor-mode-alist
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1282 (cons '(leif-mode " Leif") minor-mode-alist)))
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1283 @end group
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1284 @end smallexample
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1285
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1286 @noindent
72205
5be1e2d2d010 (Minor Mode Conventions): Update link for add-to-list.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents: 72125
diff changeset
1287 or like this, using @code{add-to-list} (@pxref{List Variables}):
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1288
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1289 @smallexample
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1290 @group
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1291 (add-to-list 'minor-mode-alist '(leif-mode " Leif"))
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1292 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1293 @end smallexample
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1294 @end itemize
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1295
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1296 Global minor modes distributed with Emacs should if possible support
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1297 enabling and disabling via Custom (@pxref{Customization}). To do this,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1298 the first step is to define the mode variable with @code{defcustom}, and
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1299 specify @code{:type boolean}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1300
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1301 If just setting the variable is not sufficient to enable the mode, you
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1302 should also specify a @code{:set} method which enables the mode by
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1303 invoking the mode command. Note in the variable's documentation string that
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1304 setting the variable other than via Custom may not take effect.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1305
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1306 Also mark the definition with an autoload cookie (@pxref{autoload cookie}),
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1307 and specify a @code{:require} so that customizing the variable will load
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1308 the library that defines the mode. This will copy suitable definitions
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1309 into @file{loaddefs.el} so that users can use @code{customize-option} to
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1310 enable the mode. For example:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1311
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1312 @smallexample
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1313 @group
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1314
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1315 ;;;###autoload
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1316 (defcustom msb-mode nil
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1317 "Toggle msb-mode.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1318 Setting this variable directly does not take effect;
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1319 use either \\[customize] or the function `msb-mode'."
66933
6b323e275ccb (Minor Mode Conventions): Use custom-set-minor-mode.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 66145
diff changeset
1320 :set 'custom-set-minor-mode
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1321 :initialize 'custom-initialize-default
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1322 :version "20.4"
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1323 :type 'boolean
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1324 :group 'msb
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1325 :require 'msb)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1326 @end group
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1327 @end smallexample
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1328
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1329 @node Keymaps and Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1330 @subsection Keymaps and Minor Modes
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1331
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1332 Each minor mode can have its own keymap, which is active when the mode
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1333 is enabled. To set up a keymap for a minor mode, add an element to the
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1334 alist @code{minor-mode-map-alist}. @xref{Definition of minor-mode-map-alist}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1335
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1336 @cindex @code{self-insert-command}, minor modes
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1337 One use of minor mode keymaps is to modify the behavior of certain
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1338 self-inserting characters so that they do something else as well as
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1339 self-insert. In general, this is the only way to do that, since the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1340 facilities for customizing @code{self-insert-command} are limited to
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1341 special cases (designed for abbrevs and Auto Fill mode). (Do not try
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1342 substituting your own definition of @code{self-insert-command} for the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343 standard one. The editor command loop handles this function specially.)
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1344
17278
8ed8412c1ce7 Document key binding conventions for major modes and minor modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16432
diff changeset
1345 The key sequences bound in a minor mode should consist of @kbd{C-c}
72104
372038a731dd (Keymaps and Minor Modes): List punct chars for minor modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 71957
diff changeset
1346 followed by one of @kbd{.,/?`'"[]\|~!#$%^&*()-_+=}. (The other
372038a731dd (Keymaps and Minor Modes): List punct chars for minor modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 71957
diff changeset
1347 punctuation characters are reserved for major modes.)
17278
8ed8412c1ce7 Document key binding conventions for major modes and minor modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 16432
diff changeset
1348
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1349 @node Defining Minor Modes
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1350 @subsection Defining Minor Modes
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1351
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1352 The macro @code{define-minor-mode} offers a convenient way of
60220
77336d5f9a37 (Defining Minor Modes): define-minor-mode can be used to define global
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 59996
diff changeset
1353 implementing a mode in one self-contained definition.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1354
66145
9d237c376071 (Mode Hooks, Defining Minor Modes):
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 65369
diff changeset
1355 @defmac define-minor-mode mode doc [init-value [lighter [keymap]]] keyword-args@dots{} body@dots{}
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1356 This macro defines a new minor mode whose name is @var{mode} (a
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1357 symbol). It defines a command named @var{mode} to toggle the minor
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1358 mode, with @var{doc} as its documentation string. It also defines a
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1359 variable named @var{mode}, which is set to @code{t} or @code{nil} by
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1360 enabling or disabling the mode. The variable is initialized to
64845
583d71cf38e2 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64650
diff changeset
1361 @var{init-value}. Except in unusual circumstances (see below), this
583d71cf38e2 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64650
diff changeset
1362 value must be @code{nil}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1363
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1364 The string @var{lighter} says what to display in the mode line
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1365 when the mode is enabled; if it is @code{nil}, the mode is not displayed
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1366 in the mode line.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1367
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1368 The optional argument @var{keymap} specifies the keymap for the minor mode.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1369 It can be a variable name, whose value is the keymap, or it can be an alist
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1370 specifying bindings in this form:
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1371
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1372 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1373 (@var{key-sequence} . @var{definition})
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1374 @end example
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1375
60230
d3a84cca7e73 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain that INIT-VALUE, LIGHTER, and KEYMAP
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 60220
diff changeset
1376 The above three arguments @var{init-value}, @var{lighter}, and
d3a84cca7e73 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain that INIT-VALUE, LIGHTER, and KEYMAP
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 60220
diff changeset
1377 @var{keymap} can be (partially) omitted when @var{keyword-args} are
d3a84cca7e73 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain that INIT-VALUE, LIGHTER, and KEYMAP
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 60220
diff changeset
1378 used. The @var{keyword-args} consist of keywords followed by
d3a84cca7e73 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain that INIT-VALUE, LIGHTER, and KEYMAP
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 60220
diff changeset
1379 corresponding values. A few keywords have special meanings:
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1380
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1381 @table @code
61322
8ac9a1a8591f (Defining Minor Modes): Document :group keyword argument and its
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61034
diff changeset
1382 @item :group @var{group}
8ac9a1a8591f (Defining Minor Modes): Document :group keyword argument and its
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61034
diff changeset
1383 Custom group name to use in all generated @code{defcustom} forms.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
1384 Defaults to @var{mode} without the possible trailing @samp{-mode}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
1385 @strong{Warning:} don't use this default group name unless you have
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
1386 written a @code{defgroup} to define that group properly. @xref{Group
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
1387 Definitions}.
61322
8ac9a1a8591f (Defining Minor Modes): Document :group keyword argument and its
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61034
diff changeset
1388
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1389 @item :global @var{global}
62329
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1390 If non-@code{nil} specifies that the minor mode should be global. By
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1391 default, minor modes defined with @code{define-minor-mode} are
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1392 buffer-local.
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1393
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1394 @item :init-value @var{init-value}
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1395 This is equivalent to specifying @var{init-value} positionally.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1396
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1397 @item :lighter @var{lighter}
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1398 This is equivalent to specifying @var{lighter} positionally.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1399
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1400 @item :keymap @var{keymap}
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1401 This is equivalent to specifying @var{keymap} positionally.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1402 @end table
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1403
64453
5bf18d0546ae (Defining Minor Modes): Delete duplicate words.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 63583
diff changeset
1404 Any other keyword arguments are passed directly to the
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1405 @code{defcustom} generated for the variable @var{mode}.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1406
62434
893818a65dc5 (Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62355
diff changeset
1407 The command named @var{mode} first performs the standard actions such
893818a65dc5 (Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62355
diff changeset
1408 as setting the variable named @var{mode} and then executes the
893818a65dc5 (Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62355
diff changeset
1409 @var{body} forms, if any. It finishes by running the mode hook
893818a65dc5 (Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62355
diff changeset
1410 variable @code{@var{mode}-hook}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1411 @end defmac
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1412
64845
583d71cf38e2 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64650
diff changeset
1413 The initial value must be @code{nil} except in cases where (1) the
68084
9b969687ff7c Fix typos.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67909
diff changeset
1414 mode is preloaded in Emacs, or (2) it is painless for loading to
64845
583d71cf38e2 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64650
diff changeset
1415 enable the mode even though the user did not request it. For
583d71cf38e2 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64650
diff changeset
1416 instance, if the mode has no effect unless something else is enabled,
583d71cf38e2 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64650
diff changeset
1417 and will always be loaded by that time, enabling it by default is
583d71cf38e2 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64650
diff changeset
1418 harmless. But these are unusual circumstances. Normally, the
583d71cf38e2 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64650
diff changeset
1419 initial value must be @code{nil}.
583d71cf38e2 (Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64650
diff changeset
1420
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1421 @findex easy-mmode-define-minor-mode
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1422 The name @code{easy-mmode-define-minor-mode} is an alias
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1423 for this macro.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1424
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1425 Here is an example of using @code{define-minor-mode}:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1426
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1427 @smallexample
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1428 (define-minor-mode hungry-mode
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1429 "Toggle Hungry mode.
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1430 With no argument, this command toggles the mode.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1431 Non-null prefix argument turns on the mode.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1432 Null prefix argument turns off the mode.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1433
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1434 When Hungry mode is enabled, the control delete key
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1435 gobbles all preceding whitespace except the last.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1436 See the command \\[hungry-electric-delete]."
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1437 ;; The initial value.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1438 nil
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1439 ;; The indicator for the mode line.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1440 " Hungry"
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1441 ;; The minor mode bindings.
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1442 '(("\C-\^?" . hungry-electric-delete))
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1443 :group 'hunger)
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1444 @end smallexample
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1445
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1446 @noindent
71957
61cb5aae3bc3 Put period and comma inside quotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 71940
diff changeset
1447 This defines a minor mode named ``Hungry mode,'' a command named
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1448 @code{hungry-mode} to toggle it, a variable named @code{hungry-mode}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1449 which indicates whether the mode is enabled, and a variable named
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1450 @code{hungry-mode-map} which holds the keymap that is active when the
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1451 mode is enabled. It initializes the keymap with a key binding for
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1452 @kbd{C-@key{DEL}}. It puts the variable @code{hungry-mode} into
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1453 custom group @code{hunger}. There are no @var{body} forms---many
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1454 minor modes don't need any.
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1455
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1456 Here's an equivalent way to write it:
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1457
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1458 @smallexample
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1459 (define-minor-mode hungry-mode
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1460 "Toggle Hungry mode.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1461 With no argument, this command toggles the mode.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1462 Non-null prefix argument turns on the mode.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1463 Null prefix argument turns off the mode.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1464
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1465 When Hungry mode is enabled, the control delete key
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1466 gobbles all preceding whitespace except the last.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1467 See the command \\[hungry-electric-delete]."
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1468 ;; The initial value.
64650
82d9ac62ed1d (Defining Minor Modes): The keyword for the initial value is
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 64453
diff changeset
1469 :init-value nil
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1470 ;; The indicator for the mode line.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1471 :lighter " Hungry"
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1472 ;; The minor mode bindings.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1473 :keymap
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1474 '(("\C-\^?" . hungry-electric-delete)
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1475 ("\C-\M-\^?"
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1476 . (lambda ()
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1477 (interactive)
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1478 (hungry-electric-delete t))))
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1479 :group 'hunger)
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
1480 @end smallexample
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19 Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26211
diff changeset
1481
66145
9d237c376071 (Mode Hooks, Defining Minor Modes):
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 65369
diff changeset
1482 @defmac define-global-minor-mode global-mode mode turn-on keyword-args@dots{}
62329
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1483 This defines a global minor mode named @var{global-mode} whose meaning
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1484 is to enable the buffer-local minor mode @var{mode} in every buffer.
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1485 To turn on the minor mode in a buffer, it uses the function
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1486 @var{turn-on}; to turn off the minor mode, it calls @code{mode} with
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1487 @minus{}1 as argument.
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1488
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1489 Use @code{:group @var{group}} in @var{keyword-args} to specify the
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1490 custom group for the mode variable of the global minor mode.
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1491 @end defmac
37b336c94e15 (Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62259
diff changeset
1492
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1493 @node Mode Line Format
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1494 @section Mode-Line Format
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1495 @cindex mode line
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1496
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1497 Each Emacs window (aside from minibuffer windows) typically has a mode
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1498 line at the bottom, which displays status information about the buffer
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1499 displayed in the window. The mode line contains information about the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1500 buffer, such as its name, associated file, depth of recursive editing,
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1501 and major and minor modes. A window can also have a @dfn{header
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1502 line}, which is much like the mode line but appears at the top of the
60450
abf7b131c9ab (Mode Line Format): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60230
diff changeset
1503 window.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1504
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1505 This section describes how to control the contents of the mode line
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1506 and header line. We include it in this chapter because much of the
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1507 information displayed in the mode line relates to the enabled major and
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1508 minor modes.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1509
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1510 @menu
67900
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1511 * Base: Mode Line Basics. Basic ideas of mode line control.
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1512 * Data: Mode Line Data. The data structure that controls the mode line.
67909
a01ca682e5e1 (Mode Line Format): Correct typo in menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 67900
diff changeset
1513 * Top: Mode Line Top. The top level variable, mode-line-format.
62345
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1514 * Mode Line Variables:: Variables used in that data structure.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1515 * %-Constructs:: Putting information into a mode line.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1516 * Properties in Mode:: Using text properties in the mode line.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1517 * Header Lines:: Like a mode line, but at the top.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1518 * Emulating Mode Line:: Formatting text as the mode line would.
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1519 @end menu
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1520
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1521 @node Mode Line Basics
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1522 @subsection Mode Line Basics
5a29669290ac (Modes): Update Menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62343
diff changeset
1523
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1524 @code{mode-line-format} is a buffer-local variable that holds a
72304
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1525 @dfn{mode line construct}, a kind of template, which controls what is
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1526 displayed on the mode line of the current buffer. The value of
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1527 @code{header-line-format} specifies the buffer's header line in the
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1528 same way. All windows for the same buffer use the same
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1529 @code{mode-line-format} and @code{header-line-format}.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1530
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1531 For efficiency, Emacs does not continuously recompute the mode
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1532 line and header line of a window. It does so when circumstances
42296
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1533 appear to call for it---for instance, if you change the window
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1534 configuration, switch buffers, narrow or widen the buffer, scroll, or
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1535 change the buffer's modification status. If you modify any of the
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1536 variables referenced by @code{mode-line-format} (@pxref{Mode Line
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1537 Variables}), or any other variables and data structures that affect
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1538 how text is displayed (@pxref{Display}), you may want to force an
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1539 update of the mode line so as to display the new information or
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1540 display it in the new way.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1541
52859
bc7fbf233421 (Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52841
diff changeset
1542 @defun force-mode-line-update &optional all
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1543 Force redisplay of the current buffer's mode line and header line.
42296
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1544 The next redisplay will update the mode line and header line based on
52859
bc7fbf233421 (Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52841
diff changeset
1545 the latest values of all relevant variables. With optional
bc7fbf233421 (Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52841
diff changeset
1546 non-@code{nil} @var{all}, force redisplay of all mode lines and header
bc7fbf233421 (Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52841
diff changeset
1547 lines.
42296
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1548
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1549 This function also forces recomputation of the menu bar menus
7b9a0bcca3c2 Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 41938
diff changeset
1550 and the frame title.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1551 @end defun
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1552
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1553 The selected window's mode line is usually displayed in a different
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1554 color using the face @code{mode-line}. Other windows' mode lines
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
1555 appear in the face @code{mode-line-inactive} instead. @xref{Faces}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1556
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1557 @node Mode Line Data
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1558 @subsection The Data Structure of the Mode Line
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1559 @cindex mode-line construct
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1560
67900
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1561 The mode-line contents are controlled by a data structure called a
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1562 @dfn{mode-line construct}, made up of lists, strings, symbols, and
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1563 numbers kept in buffer-local variables. Each data type has a specific
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1564 meaning for the mode-line appearance, as described below. The same
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1565 data structure is used for constructing frame titles (@pxref{Frame
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1566 Titles}) and header lines (@pxref{Header Lines}).
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1567
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1568 A mode-line construct may be as simple as a fixed string of text,
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1569 but it usually specifies how to combine fixed strings with variables'
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1570 values to construct the text. Many of these variables are themselves
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1571 defined to have mode-line constructs as their values.
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1572
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1573 Here are the meanings of various data types as mode-line constructs:
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1574
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1575 @table @code
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1576 @cindex percent symbol in mode line
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1577 @item @var{string}
72304
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1578 A string as a mode-line construct appears verbatim except for
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1579 @dfn{@code{%}-constructs} in it. These stand for substitution of
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1580 other data; see @ref{%-Constructs}.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1581
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1582 If parts of the string have @code{face} properties, they control
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1583 display of the text just as they would text in the buffer. Any
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1584 characters which have no @code{face} properties are displayed, by
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1585 default, in the face @code{mode-line} or @code{mode-line-inactive}
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1586 (@pxref{Standard Faces,,, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). The
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1587 @code{help-echo} and @code{local-map} properties in @var{string} have
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1588 special meanings. @xref{Properties in Mode}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1589
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1590 @item @var{symbol}
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1591 A symbol as a mode-line construct stands for its value. The value of
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1592 @var{symbol} is used as a mode-line construct, in place of @var{symbol}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1593 However, the symbols @code{t} and @code{nil} are ignored, as is any
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1594 symbol whose value is void.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1595
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1596 There is one exception: if the value of @var{symbol} is a string, it is
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1597 displayed verbatim: the @code{%}-constructs are not recognized.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1598
52663
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1599 Unless @var{symbol} is marked as ``risky'' (i.e., it has a
67900
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1600 non-@code{nil} @code{risky-local-variable} property), all text
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1601 properties specified in @var{symbol}'s value are ignored. This
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1602 includes the text properties of strings in @var{symbol}'s value, as
72304
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1603 well as all @code{:eval} and @code{:propertize} forms in it. (The
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1604 reason for this is security: non-risky variables could be set
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
1605 automatically from file variables without prompting the user.)
67900
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1606
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1607 @item (@var{string} @var{rest}@dots{})
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1608 @itemx (@var{list} @var{rest}@dots{})
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1609 A list whose first element is a string or list means to process all the
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1610 elements recursively and concatenate the results. This is the most
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1611 common form of mode-line construct.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1612
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1613 @item (:eval @var{form})
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1614 A list whose first element is the symbol @code{:eval} says to evaluate
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1615 @var{form}, and use the result as a string to display. Make sure this
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1616 evaluation cannot load any files, as doing so could cause infinite
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1617 recursion.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1618
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1619 @item (:propertize @var{elt} @var{props}@dots{})
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1620 A list whose first element is the symbol @code{:propertize} says to
67900
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1621 process the mode-line construct @var{elt} recursively, then add the text
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1622 properties specified by @var{props} to the result. The argument
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1623 @var{props} should consist of zero or more pairs @var{text-property}
59996
aac0a33f5772 Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59963
diff changeset
1624 @var{value}. (This feature is new as of Emacs 22.1.)
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1625
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1626 @item (@var{symbol} @var{then} @var{else})
63133
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
1627 A list whose first element is a symbol that is not a keyword specifies
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
1628 a conditional. Its meaning depends on the value of @var{symbol}. If
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
1629 @var{symbol} has a non-@code{nil} value, the second element,
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
1630 @var{then}, is processed recursively as a mode-line element.
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
1631 Otherwise, the third element, @var{else}, is processed recursively.
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
1632 You may omit @var{else}; then the mode-line element displays nothing
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
1633 if the value of @var{symbol} is @code{nil} or void.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1634
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1635 @item (@var{width} @var{rest}@dots{})
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1636 A list whose first element is an integer specifies truncation or
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1637 padding of the results of @var{rest}. The remaining elements
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1638 @var{rest} are processed recursively as mode-line constructs and
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1639 concatenated together. When @var{width} is positive, the result is
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1640 space filled on the right if its width is less than @var{width}. When
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1641 @var{width} is negative, the result is truncated on the right to
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1642 @minus{}@var{width} columns if its width exceeds @minus{}@var{width}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1643
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1644 For example, the usual way to show what percentage of a buffer is above
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1645 the top of the window is to use a list like this: @code{(-3 "%p")}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1646 @end table
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1647
67900
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1648 @node Mode Line Top
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1649 @subsection The Top Level of Mode Line Control
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1650
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1651 The variable in overall control of the mode line is
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1652 @code{mode-line-format}.
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1653
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1654 @defvar mode-line-format
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1655 The value of this variable is a mode-line construct that controls the
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1656 contents of the mode-line. It is always buffer-local in all buffers.
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1657
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1658 If you set this variable to @code{nil} in a buffer, that buffer does
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1659 not have a mode line. (A window that is just one line tall never
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1660 displays a mode line.)
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1661 @end defvar
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1662
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1663 The default value of @code{mode-line-format} is designed to use the
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1664 values of other variables such as @code{mode-line-position} and
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1665 @code{mode-line-modes} (which in turn incorporates the values of the
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1666 variables @code{mode-name} and @code{minor-mode-alist}). Very few
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1667 modes need to alter @code{mode-line-format} itself. For most
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1668 purposes, it is sufficient to alter some of the variables that
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1669 @code{mode-line-format} either directly or indirectly refers to.
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1670
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1671 If you do alter @code{mode-line-format} itself, the new value should
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1672 use the same variables that appear in the default value (@pxref{Mode
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1673 Line Variables}), rather than duplicating their contents or displaying
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1674 the information in another fashion. This way, customizations made by
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1675 the user or by Lisp programs (such as @code{display-time} and major
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1676 modes) via changes to those variables remain effective.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1677
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1678 @cindex Shell mode @code{mode-line-format}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1679 Here is an example of a @code{mode-line-format} that might be
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1680 useful for @code{shell-mode}, since it contains the host name and default
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1681 directory.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1682
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1683 @example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1684 @group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1685 (setq mode-line-format
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1686 (list "-"
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1687 'mode-line-mule-info
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1688 'mode-line-modified
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1689 'mode-line-frame-identification
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1690 "%b--"
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1691 @end group
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1692 @group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1693 ;; @r{Note that this is evaluated while making the list.}
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1694 ;; @r{It makes a mode-line construct which is just a string.}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1695 (getenv "HOST")
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1696 @end group
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1697 ":"
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1698 'default-directory
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1699 " "
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1700 'global-mode-string
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1701 " %[("
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1702 '(:eval (mode-line-mode-name))
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1703 'mode-line-process
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1704 'minor-mode-alist
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
1705 "%n"
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1706 ")%]--"
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1707 @group
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1708 '(which-func-mode ("" which-func-format "--"))
12098
a6eb5f12b0f3 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 12067
diff changeset
1709 '(line-number-mode "L%l--")
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1710 '(column-number-mode "C%c--")
52663
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1711 '(-3 "%p")
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1712 "-%-"))
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1713 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1714 @end example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1715
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1716 @noindent
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1717 (The variables @code{line-number-mode}, @code{column-number-mode}
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1718 and @code{which-func-mode} enable particular minor modes; as usual,
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1719 these variable names are also the minor mode command names.)
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
1720
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1721 @node Mode Line Variables
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1722 @subsection Variables Used in the Mode Line
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1723
67900
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1724 This section describes variables incorporated by the standard value
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1725 of @code{mode-line-format} into the text of the mode line. There is
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1726 nothing inherently special about these variables; any other variables
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1727 could have the same effects on the mode line if
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1728 @code{mode-line-format}'s value were changed to use them. However,
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1729 various parts of Emacs set these variables on the understanding that
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1730 they will control parts of the mode line; therefore, practically
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1731 speaking, it is essential for the mode line to use them.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1732
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1733 @defvar mode-line-mule-info
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1734 This variable holds the value of the mode-line construct that displays
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1735 information about the language environment, buffer coding system, and
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1736 current input method. @xref{Non-ASCII Characters}.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1737 @end defvar
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1738
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1739 @defvar mode-line-modified
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1740 This variable holds the value of the mode-line construct that displays
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1741 whether the current buffer is modified.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1742
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1743 The default value of @code{mode-line-modified} is @code{("%1*%1+")}.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1744 This means that the mode line displays @samp{**} if the buffer is
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1745 modified, @samp{--} if the buffer is not modified, @samp{%%} if the
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1746 buffer is read only, and @samp{%*} if the buffer is read only and
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1747 modified.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1748
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1749 Changing this variable does not force an update of the mode line.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1750 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1751
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
1752 @defvar mode-line-frame-identification
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1753 This variable identifies the current frame. The default value is
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1754 @code{" "} if you are using a window system which can show multiple
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1755 frames, or @code{"-%F "} on an ordinary terminal which shows only one
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1756 frame at a time.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1757 @end defvar
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
1758
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1759 @defvar mode-line-buffer-identification
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1760 This variable identifies the buffer being displayed in the window. Its
22267
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1761 default value is @code{("%12b")}, which displays the buffer name, padded
dfac7398266b *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22252
diff changeset
1762 with spaces to at least 12 columns.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1763 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1764
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1765 @defvar mode-line-position
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1766 This variable indicates the position in the buffer. Here is a
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1767 simplified version of its default value. The actual default value
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1768 also specifies addition of the @code{help-echo} text property.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1769
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1770 @example
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1771 @group
52663
5f70316d2ec5 (Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52628
diff changeset
1772 ((-3 "%p")
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1773 (size-indication-mode (8 " of %I"))
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1774 @end group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1775 @group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1776 (line-number-mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1777 ((column-number-mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1778 (10 " (%l,%c)")
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1779 (6 " L%l")))
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1780 ((column-number-mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1781 (5 " C%c")))))
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1782 @end group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1783 @end example
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1784
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1785 This means that @code{mode-line-position} displays at least the buffer
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1786 percentage and possibly the buffer size, the line number and the column
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1787 number.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1788 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1789
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1790 @defvar vc-mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1791 The variable @code{vc-mode}, buffer-local in each buffer, records
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1792 whether the buffer's visited file is maintained with version control,
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1793 and, if so, which kind. Its value is a string that appears in the mode
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1794 line, or @code{nil} for no version control.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1795 @end defvar
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1796
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1797 @defvar mode-line-modes
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1798 This variable displays the buffer's major and minor modes. Here is a
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1799 simplified version of its default value. The real default value also
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1800 specifies addition of text properties.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1801
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1802 @example
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1803 @group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1804 ("%[(" mode-name
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1805 mode-line-process minor-mode-alist
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1806 "%n" ")%]--")
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1807 @end group
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1808 @end example
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1809
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1810 So @code{mode-line-modes} normally also displays the recursive editing
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1811 level, information on the process status and whether narrowing is in
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1812 effect.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1813 @end defvar
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1814
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1815 The following three variables are used in @code{mode-line-modes}:
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1816
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1817 @defvar mode-name
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1818 This buffer-local variable holds the ``pretty'' name of the current
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1819 buffer's major mode. Each major mode should set this variable so that the
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1820 mode name will appear in the mode line.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1821 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1822
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1823 @defvar mode-line-process
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1824 This buffer-local variable contains the mode-line information on process
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1825 status in modes used for communicating with subprocesses. It is
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1826 displayed immediately following the major mode name, with no intervening
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1827 space. For example, its value in the @samp{*shell*} buffer is
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1828 @code{(":%s")}, which allows the shell to display its status along
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1829 with the major mode as: @samp{(Shell:run)}. Normally this variable
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1830 is @code{nil}.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1831 @end defvar
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1832
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1833 @defvar minor-mode-alist
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
1834 @anchor{Definition of minor-mode-alist}
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1835 This variable holds an association list whose elements specify how the
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1836 mode line should indicate that a minor mode is active. Each element of
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1837 the @code{minor-mode-alist} should be a two-element list:
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1838
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1839 @example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1840 (@var{minor-mode-variable} @var{mode-line-string})
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1841 @end example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1842
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1843 More generally, @var{mode-line-string} can be any mode-line spec. It
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1844 appears in the mode line when the value of @var{minor-mode-variable}
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1845 is non-@code{nil}, and not otherwise. These strings should begin with
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1846 spaces so that they don't run together. Conventionally, the
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1847 @var{minor-mode-variable} for a specific mode is set to a
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1848 non-@code{nil} value when that minor mode is activated.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1849
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1850 @code{minor-mode-alist} itself is not buffer-local. Each variable
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1851 mentioned in the alist should be buffer-local if its minor mode can be
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1852 enabled separately in each buffer.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1853 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1854
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1855 @defvar global-mode-string
55508
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1856 This variable holds a mode-line spec that, by default, appears in the
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1857 mode line just after the @code{which-func-mode} minor mode if set,
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1858 else after @code{mode-line-modes}. The command @code{display-time}
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1859 sets @code{global-mode-string} to refer to the variable
55508
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1860 @code{display-time-string}, which holds a string containing the time
44124e158456 (Mode Line Variables): Fix description of global-mode-string, which is now after
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 55414
diff changeset
1861 and load information.
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1862
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1863 The @samp{%M} construct substitutes the value of
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1864 @code{global-mode-string}, but that is obsolete, since the variable is
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1865 included in the mode line from @code{mode-line-format}.
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1866 @end defvar
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1867
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1868 The variable @code{default-mode-line-format} is where
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1869 @code{mode-line-format} usually gets its value:
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1870
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1871 @defvar default-mode-line-format
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1872 This variable holds the default @code{mode-line-format} for buffers
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1873 that do not override it. This is the same as @code{(default-value
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1874 'mode-line-format)}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1875
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1876 Here is a simplified version of the default value of
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1877 @code{default-mode-line-format}. The real default value also
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1878 specifies addition of text properties.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1879
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1880 @example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1881 @group
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1882 ("-"
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1883 mode-line-mule-info
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1884 mode-line-modified
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1885 mode-line-frame-identification
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1886 mode-line-buffer-identification
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1887 @end group
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1888 " "
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1889 mode-line-position
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1890 (vc-mode vc-mode)
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1891 " "
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1892 @group
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1893 mode-line-modes
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
1894 (which-func-mode ("" which-func-format "--"))
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
1895 (global-mode-string ("--" global-mode-string))
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1896 "-%-")
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1897 @end group
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1898 @end example
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1899 @end defvar
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1900
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1901 @node %-Constructs
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1902 @subsection @code{%}-Constructs in the Mode Line
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1903
67900
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1904 Strings used as mode-line constructs can use certain
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1905 @code{%}-constructs to substitute various kinds of data. Here is a
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1906 list of the defined @code{%}-constructs, and what they mean. In any
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1907 construct except @samp{%%}, you can add a decimal integer after the
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1908 @samp{%} to specify a minimum field width. If the width is less, the
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
1909 field is padded with spaces to the right.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1910
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1911 @table @code
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1912 @item %b
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1913 The current buffer name, obtained with the @code{buffer-name} function.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1914 @xref{Buffer Names}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1915
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1916 @item %c
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1917 The current column number of point.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
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1918
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Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1919 @item %e
76fee807f4c0 (%-Constructs): Add %e, %z, %Z.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1920 When Emacs is nearly out of memory for Lisp objects, a brief message
76fee807f4c0 (%-Constructs): Add %e, %z, %Z.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1921 saying so. Otherwise, this is empty.
76fee807f4c0 (%-Constructs): Add %e, %z, %Z.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1922
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parents:
diff changeset
1923 @item %f
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1924 The visited file name, obtained with the @code{buffer-file-name}
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1925 function. @xref{Buffer File Name}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1926
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parents: 8960
diff changeset
1927 @item %F
21682
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parents: 21007
diff changeset
1928 The title (only on a window system) or the name of the selected frame.
64874
aa029c72e536 (%-Constructs): Fix xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 64845
diff changeset
1929 @xref{Basic Parameters}.
12067
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parents: 8960
diff changeset
1930
52463
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1931 @item %i
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1932 The size of the accessible part of the current buffer; basically
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1933 @code{(- (point-max) (point-min))}.
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1934
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1935 @item %I
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1936 Like @samp{%i}, but the size is printed in a more readable way by using
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1937 @samp{k} for 10^3, @samp{M} for 10^6, @samp{G} for 10^9, etc., to
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1938 abbreviate.
be54b19bb668 (%-Constructs): Document new `%i' and `%I' constructs.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
1939
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1940 @item %l
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parents: 24934
diff changeset
1941 The current line number of point, counting within the accessible portion
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
1942 of the buffer.
12067
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parents: 8960
diff changeset
1943
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diff changeset
1944 @item %n
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1945 @samp{Narrow} when narrowing is in effect; nothing otherwise (see
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1946 @code{narrow-to-region} in @ref{Narrowing}).
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1947
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1948 @item %p
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1949 The percentage of the buffer text above the @strong{top} of window, or
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1950 @samp{Top}, @samp{Bottom} or @samp{All}. Note that the default
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1951 mode-line specification truncates this to three characters.
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1952
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1953 @item %P
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1954 The percentage of the buffer text that is above the @strong{bottom} of
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1955 the window (which includes the text visible in the window, as well as
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1956 the text above the top), plus @samp{Top} if the top of the buffer is
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1957 visible on screen; or @samp{Bottom} or @samp{All}.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1958
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1959 @item %s
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1960 The status of the subprocess belonging to the current buffer, obtained with
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1961 @code{process-status}. @xref{Process Information}.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1962
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1963 @item %t
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1964 Whether the visited file is a text file or a binary file. This is a
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1965 meaningful distinction only on certain operating systems (@pxref{MS-DOS
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1966 File Types}).
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1967
70928
76fee807f4c0 (%-Constructs): Add %e, %z, %Z.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1968 @item %z
76fee807f4c0 (%-Constructs): Add %e, %z, %Z.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1969 The mnemonics of buffer, terminal, and keyboard coding systems.
76fee807f4c0 (%-Constructs): Add %e, %z, %Z.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1970
76fee807f4c0 (%-Constructs): Add %e, %z, %Z.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1971 @item %Z
76fee807f4c0 (%-Constructs): Add %e, %z, %Z.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1972 Like @samp{%z}, but including the end-of-line format.
76fee807f4c0 (%-Constructs): Add %e, %z, %Z.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 70289
diff changeset
1973
6451
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1974 @item %*
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1975 @samp{%} if the buffer is read only (see @code{buffer-read-only}); @*
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1976 @samp{*} if the buffer is modified (see @code{buffer-modified-p}); @*
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1977 @samp{-} otherwise. @xref{Buffer Modification}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1978
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1979 @item %+
12067
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1980 @samp{*} if the buffer is modified (see @code{buffer-modified-p}); @*
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1981 @samp{%} if the buffer is read only (see @code{buffer-read-only}); @*
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1982 @samp{-} otherwise. This differs from @samp{%*} only for a modified
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1983 read-only buffer. @xref{Buffer Modification}.
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1984
73dc8205d259 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 8960
diff changeset
1985 @item %&
7253
6ba87aed7836 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 6451
diff changeset
1986 @samp{*} if the buffer is modified, and @samp{-} otherwise.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1987
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1988 @item %[
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1989 An indication of the depth of recursive editing levels (not counting
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1990 minibuffer levels): one @samp{[} for each editing level.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1991 @xref{Recursive Editing}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1992
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1993 @item %]
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1994 One @samp{]} for each recursive editing level (not counting minibuffer
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1995 levels).
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1996
25875
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Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1997 @item %-
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1998 Dashes sufficient to fill the remainder of the mode line.
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
1999
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2000 @item %%
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2001 The character @samp{%}---this is how to include a literal @samp{%} in a
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2002 string in which @code{%}-constructs are allowed.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2003 @end table
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2004
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2005 The following two @code{%}-constructs are still supported, but they are
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2006 obsolete, since you can get the same results with the variables
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2007 @code{mode-name} and @code{global-mode-string}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2008
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2009 @table @code
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2010 @item %m
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2011 The value of @code{mode-name}.
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2012
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2013 @item %M
68727
d842e198bb96 (%-Constructs): Remove obsolete info about `global-mode-string'.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 68648
diff changeset
2014 The value of @code{global-mode-string}.
6451
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2015 @end table
8240c0b1d695 Initial revision
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2016
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2017 @node Properties in Mode
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2018 @subsection Properties in the Mode Line
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2019 @cindex text properties in the mode line
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2020
60450
abf7b131c9ab (Mode Line Format): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60230
diff changeset
2021 Certain text properties are meaningful in the
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2022 mode line. The @code{face} property affects the appearance of text; the
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
2023 @code{help-echo} property associates help strings with the text, and
29102
ba9cfbfc601e *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 29076
diff changeset
2024 @code{local-map} can make the text mouse-sensitive.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2025
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2026 There are four ways to specify text properties for text in the mode
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2027 line:
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2028
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2029 @enumerate
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2030 @item
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2031 Put a string with a text property directly into the mode-line data
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2032 structure.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2033
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2034 @item
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2035 Put a text property on a mode-line %-construct such as @samp{%12b}; then
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2036 the expansion of the %-construct will have that same text property.
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2037
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2038 @item
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2039 Use a @code{(:propertize @var{elt} @var{props}@dots{})} construct to
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2040 give @var{elt} a text property specified by @var{props}.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2041
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2042 @item
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2043 Use a list containing @code{:eval @var{form}} in the mode-line data
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2044 structure, and make @var{form} evaluate to a string that has a text
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2045 property.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2046 @end enumerate
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2047
72304
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
2048 You can use the @code{local-map} property to specify a keymap. This
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
2049 keymap only takes real effect for mouse clicks; binding character keys
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
2050 and function keys to it has no effect, since it is impossible to move
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
2051 point into the mode line.
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2052
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2053 When the mode line refers to a variable which does not have a
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2054 non-@code{nil} @code{risky-local-variable} property, any text
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2055 properties given or specified within that variable's values are
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2056 ignored. This is because such properties could otherwise specify
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2057 functions to be called, and those functions could come from file
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2058 local variables.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2059
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2060 @node Header Lines
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2061 @subsection Window Header Lines
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2062 @cindex header line (of a window)
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2063 @cindex window header line
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2064
60450
abf7b131c9ab (Mode Line Format): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 60230
diff changeset
2065 A window can have a @dfn{header line} at the
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2066 top, just as it can have a mode line at the bottom. The header line
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2067 feature works just like the mode-line feature, except that it's
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2068 controlled by different variables.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2069
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2070 @defvar header-line-format
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2071 This variable, local in every buffer, specifies how to display the
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2072 header line, for windows displaying the buffer. The format of the value
26783
626ae4bb4994 Fix makeinfo complaints.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 26696
diff changeset
2073 is the same as for @code{mode-line-format} (@pxref{Mode Line Data}).
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2074 @end defvar
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2075
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2076 @defvar default-header-line-format
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2077 This variable holds the default @code{header-line-format} for buffers
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2078 that do not override it. This is the same as @code{(default-value
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2079 'header-line-format)}.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2080
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2081 It is normally @code{nil}, so that ordinary buffers have no header line.
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2082 @end defvar
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2083
67900
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
2084 A window that is just one line tall never displays a header line. A
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
2085 window that is two lines tall cannot display both a mode line and a
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
2086 header line at once; if it has a mode line, then it does not display a
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
2087 header line.
1d5d6f907447 (Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 67572
diff changeset
2088
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2089 @node Emulating Mode Line
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2090 @subsection Emulating Mode-Line Formatting
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2091
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2092 You can use the function @code{format-mode-line} to compute
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2093 the text that would appear in a mode line or header line
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
2094 based on a certain mode-line specification.
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2095
59516
f50d20947c20 (Emulating Mode Line): Update format-mode-line entry.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59492
diff changeset
2096 @defun format-mode-line format &optional face window buffer
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2097 This function formats a line of text according to @var{format} as if
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2098 it were generating the mode line for @var{window}, but instead of
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2099 displaying the text in the mode line or the header line, it returns
59389
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2100 the text as a string. The argument @var{window} defaults to the
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2101 selected window. If @var{buffer} is non-@code{nil}, all the
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2102 information used is taken from @var{buffer}; by default, it comes from
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2103 @var{window}'s buffer.
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2104
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2105 The value string normally has text properties that correspond to the
59492
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2106 faces, keymaps, etc., that the mode line would have. And any character
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2107 for which no @code{face} property is specified gets a default
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2108 value which is usually @var{face}. (If @var{face} is @code{t},
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2109 that stands for either @code{mode-line} if @var{window} is selected,
62539
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
2110 otherwise @code{mode-line-inactive}. If @var{face} is @code{nil} or
14e404c9c65f (Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 62488
diff changeset
2111 omitted, that stands for no face property.)
59492
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2112
59516
f50d20947c20 (Emulating Mode Line): Update format-mode-line entry.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59492
diff changeset
2113 However, if @var{face} is an integer, the value has no text properties.
59389
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2114
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2115 For example, @code{(format-mode-line header-line-format)} returns the
f1eb5a3ef974 (Emulating Mode Line): format-mode-line requires 1 arg.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59138
diff changeset
2116 text that would appear in the selected window's header line (@code{""}
59492
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2117 if it has no header line). @code{(format-mode-line header-line-format
59516
f50d20947c20 (Emulating Mode Line): Update format-mode-line entry.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents: 59492
diff changeset
2118 'header-line)} returns the same text, with each character
59492
8732f8552b7d (Emulating Mode Line): Doc FACE arg in format-header-line.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59389
diff changeset
2119 carrying the face that it will have in the header line itself.
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2120 @end defun
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2121
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2122 @node Imenu
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2123 @section Imenu
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2124
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2125 @cindex Imenu
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2126 @dfn{Imenu} is a feature that lets users select a definition or
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2127 section in the buffer, from a menu which lists all of them, to go
52001
b96d92c96bd1 (Imenu): Add xref to Emacs Manual node on Imenu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51917
diff changeset
2128 directly to that location in the buffer. Imenu works by constructing
b96d92c96bd1 (Imenu): Add xref to Emacs Manual node on Imenu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51917
diff changeset
2129 a buffer index which lists the names and buffer positions of the
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2130 definitions, or other named portions of the buffer; then the user can
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2131 choose one of them and move point to it. Major modes can add a menu
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2132 bar item to use Imenu using @code{imenu-add-to-menubar}.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2133
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2134 @defun imenu-add-to-menubar name
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2135 This function defines a local menu bar item named @var{name}
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2136 to run Imenu.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2137 @end defun
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2138
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2139 The user-level commands for using Imenu are described in the Emacs
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2140 Manual (@pxref{Imenu,, Imenu, emacs, the Emacs Manual}). This section
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2141 explains how to customize Imenu's method of finding definitions or
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2142 buffer portions for a particular major mode.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2143
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2144 The usual and simplest way is to set the variable
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2145 @code{imenu-generic-expression}:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2146
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2147 @defvar imenu-generic-expression
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2148 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, is a list that specifies regular
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2149 expressions for finding definitions for Imenu. Simple elements of
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2150 @code{imenu-generic-expression} look like this:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2151
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2152 @example
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2153 (@var{menu-title} @var{regexp} @var{index})
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2154 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2155
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2156 Here, if @var{menu-title} is non-@code{nil}, it says that the matches
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2157 for this element should go in a submenu of the buffer index;
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2158 @var{menu-title} itself specifies the name for the submenu. If
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2159 @var{menu-title} is @code{nil}, the matches for this element go directly
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2160 in the top level of the buffer index.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2161
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2162 The second item in the list, @var{regexp}, is a regular expression
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2163 (@pxref{Regular Expressions}); anything in the buffer that it matches
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2164 is considered a definition, something to mention in the buffer index.
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2165 The third item, @var{index}, is a non-negative integer that indicates
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2166 which subexpression in @var{regexp} matches the definition's name.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2167
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2168 An element can also look like this:
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2169
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2170 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2171 (@var{menu-title} @var{regexp} @var{index} @var{function} @var{arguments}@dots{})
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2172 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2173
70088
c6bf77b3c5b8 (Imenu): Clarify what special items do.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 69499
diff changeset
2174 Each match for this element creates an index item, and when the index
c6bf77b3c5b8 (Imenu): Clarify what special items do.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 69499
diff changeset
2175 item is selected by the user, it calls @var{function} with arguments
c6bf77b3c5b8 (Imenu): Clarify what special items do.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 69499
diff changeset
2176 consisting of the item name, the buffer position, and @var{arguments}.
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2177
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2178 For Emacs Lisp mode, @code{imenu-generic-expression} could look like
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2179 this:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2180
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2181 @c should probably use imenu-syntax-alist and \\sw rather than [-A-Za-z0-9+]
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2182 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2183 @group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2184 ((nil "^\\s-*(def\\(un\\|subst\\|macro\\|advice\\)\
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2185 \\s-+\\([-A-Za-z0-9+]+\\)" 2)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2186 @end group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2187 @group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2188 ("*Vars*" "^\\s-*(def\\(var\\|const\\)\
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2189 \\s-+\\([-A-Za-z0-9+]+\\)" 2)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2190 @end group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2191 @group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2192 ("*Types*"
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2193 "^\\s-*\
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2194 (def\\(type\\|struct\\|class\\|ine-condition\\)\
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2195 \\s-+\\([-A-Za-z0-9+]+\\)" 2))
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2196 @end group
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2197 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2198
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2199 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2200 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2201
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2202 @defvar imenu-case-fold-search
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2203 This variable controls whether matching against the regular
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2204 expressions in the value of @code{imenu-generic-expression} is
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2205 case-sensitive: @code{t}, the default, means matching should ignore
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2206 case.
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2207
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2208 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2209 @end defvar
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2210
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2211 @defvar imenu-syntax-alist
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2212 This variable is an alist of syntax table modifiers to use while
22252
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
2213 processing @code{imenu-generic-expression}, to override the syntax table
40089afa2b1d *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 22138
diff changeset
2214 of the current buffer. Each element should have this form:
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2215
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2216 @example
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2217 (@var{characters} . @var{syntax-description})
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2218 @end example
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2219
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2220 The @sc{car}, @var{characters}, can be either a character or a string.
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2221 The element says to give that character or characters the syntax
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2222 specified by @var{syntax-description}, which is passed to
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2223 @code{modify-syntax-entry} (@pxref{Syntax Table Functions}).
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2224
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2225 This feature is typically used to give word syntax to characters which
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2226 normally have symbol syntax, and thus to simplify
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2227 @code{imenu-generic-expression} and speed up matching.
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2228 For example, Fortran mode uses it this way:
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2229
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2230 @example
52001
b96d92c96bd1 (Imenu): Add xref to Emacs Manual node on Imenu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51917
diff changeset
2231 (setq imenu-syntax-alist '(("_$" . "w")))
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2232 @end example
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2233
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2234 The @code{imenu-generic-expression} regular expressions can then use
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2235 @samp{\\sw+} instead of @samp{\\(\\sw\\|\\s_\\)+}. Note that this
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2236 technique may be inconvenient when the mode needs to limit the initial
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2237 character of a name to a smaller set of characters than are allowed in
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2238 the rest of a name.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2239
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2240 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2241 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2242
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2243 Another way to customize Imenu for a major mode is to set the
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2244 variables @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} and
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2245 @code{imenu-extract-index-name-function}:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2246
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2247 @defvar imenu-prev-index-position-function
27332
5cfe77eaff45 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 27189
diff changeset
2248 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, its value should be a function that
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2249 finds the next ``definition'' to put in the buffer index, scanning
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2250 backward in the buffer from point. It should return @code{nil} if it
48700
df6767370b43 Fix typo.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 46914
diff changeset
2251 doesn't find another ``definition'' before point. Otherwise it should
68084
9b969687ff7c Fix typos.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 67909
diff changeset
2252 leave point at the place it finds a ``definition'' and return any
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2253 non-@code{nil} value.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2254
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2255 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2256 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2257
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2258 @defvar imenu-extract-index-name-function
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2259 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, its value should be a function to
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2260 return the name for a definition, assuming point is in that definition
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2261 as the @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} function would leave
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2262 it.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2263
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2264 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2265 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2266
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2267 The last way to customize Imenu for a major mode is to set the
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2268 variable @code{imenu-create-index-function}:
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2269
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2270 @defvar imenu-create-index-function
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2271 This variable specifies the function to use for creating a buffer
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2272 index. The function should take no arguments, and return an index
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2273 alist for the current buffer. It is called within
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2274 @code{save-excursion}, so where it leaves point makes no difference.
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2275
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2276 The index alist can have three types of elements. Simple elements
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2277 look like this:
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2278
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2279 @example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2280 (@var{index-name} . @var{index-position})
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2281 @end example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2282
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2283 Selecting a simple element has the effect of moving to position
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2284 @var{index-position} in the buffer. Special elements look like this:
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2285
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2286 @example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2287 (@var{index-name} @var{index-position} @var{function} @var{arguments}@dots{})
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2288 @end example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2289
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2290 Selecting a special element performs:
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2291
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2292 @example
52800
d738115b4197 (Faces for Font Lock): Fix typo.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52744
diff changeset
2293 (funcall @var{function}
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2294 @var{index-name} @var{index-position} @var{arguments}@dots{})
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2295 @end example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2296
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2297 A nested sub-alist element looks like this:
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2298
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2299 @example
52802
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2300 (@var{menu-title} @var{sub-alist})
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2301 @end example
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2302
52802
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2303 It creates the submenu @var{menu-title} specified by @var{sub-alist}.
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2304
675fbfca3a2a (Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52800
diff changeset
2305 The default value of @code{imenu-create-index-function} is
63583
99e9892a51d9 Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63133
diff changeset
2306 @code{imenu-default-create-index-function}. This function calls the
99e9892a51d9 Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63133
diff changeset
2307 value of @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} and the value of
52744
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2308 @code{imenu-extract-index-name-function} to produce the index alist.
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2309 However, if either of these two variables is @code{nil}, the default
c81c292a982b (Major Mode Conventions): Mention third way to set up Imenu.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52663
diff changeset
2310 function uses @code{imenu-generic-expression} instead.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2311
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2312 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2313 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2314
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2315 @node Font Lock Mode
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2316 @section Font Lock Mode
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2317 @cindex Font Lock Mode
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2318
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2319 @dfn{Font Lock mode} is a feature that automatically attaches
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2320 @code{face} properties to certain parts of the buffer based on their
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2321 syntactic role. How it parses the buffer depends on the major mode;
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2322 most major modes define syntactic criteria for which faces to use in
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2323 which contexts. This section explains how to customize Font Lock for a
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2324 particular major mode.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2325
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2326 Font Lock mode finds text to highlight in two ways: through
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2327 syntactic parsing based on the syntax table, and through searching
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2328 (usually for regular expressions). Syntactic fontification happens
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2329 first; it finds comments and string constants and highlights them.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2330 Search-based fontification happens second.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2331
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2332 @menu
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2333 * Font Lock Basics:: Overview of customizing Font Lock.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2334 * Search-based Fontification:: Fontification based on regexps.
63133
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2335 * Customizing Keywords:: Customizing search-based fontification.
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2336 * Other Font Lock Variables:: Additional customization facilities.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2337 * Levels of Font Lock:: Each mode can define alternative levels
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2338 so that the user can select more or less.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2339 * Precalculated Fontification:: How Lisp programs that produce the buffer
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2340 contents can also specify how to fontify it.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2341 * Faces for Font Lock:: Special faces specifically for Font Lock.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2342 * Syntactic Font Lock:: Fontification based on syntax tables.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2343 * Setting Syntax Properties:: Defining character syntax based on context
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2344 using the Font Lock mechanism.
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
2345 * Multiline Font Lock:: How to coerce Font Lock into properly
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
2346 highlighting multiline constructs.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2347 @end menu
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2348
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2349 @node Font Lock Basics
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2350 @subsection Font Lock Basics
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2351
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2352 There are several variables that control how Font Lock mode highlights
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2353 text. But major modes should not set any of these variables directly.
24934
f5e3b4ecd255 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 22274
diff changeset
2354 Instead, they should set @code{font-lock-defaults} as a buffer-local
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2355 variable. The value assigned to this variable is used, if and when Font
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2356 Lock mode is enabled, to set all the other variables.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2357
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2358 @defvar font-lock-defaults
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2359 This variable is set by major modes, as a buffer-local variable, to
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2360 specify how to fontify text in that mode. It automatically becomes
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2361 buffer-local when you set it. The value should look like this:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2362
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2363 @example
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2364 (@var{keywords} [@var{keywords-only} [@var{case-fold}
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2365 [@var{syntax-alist} [@var{syntax-begin} @var{other-vars}@dots{}]]]])
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2366 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2367
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2368 The first element, @var{keywords}, indirectly specifies the value of
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2369 @code{font-lock-keywords} which directs search-based fontification.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2370 It can be a symbol, a variable or a function whose value is the list
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2371 to use for @code{font-lock-keywords}. It can also be a list of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2372 several such symbols, one for each possible level of fontification.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2373 The first symbol specifies how to do level 1 fontification, the second
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2374 symbol how to do level 2, and so on. @xref{Levels of Font Lock}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2375
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2376 The second element, @var{keywords-only}, specifies the value of the
22138
d4ac295a98b3 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21682
diff changeset
2377 variable @code{font-lock-keywords-only}. If this is non-@code{nil},
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2378 syntactic fontification (of strings and comments) is not performed.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2379 @xref{Syntactic Font Lock}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2380
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2381 The third element, @var{case-fold}, specifies the value of
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2382 @code{font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search}. If it is non-@code{nil},
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2383 Font Lock mode ignores case when searching as directed by
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2384 @code{font-lock-keywords}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2385
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2386 If the fourth element, @var{syntax-alist}, is non-@code{nil}, it
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2387 should be a list of cons cells of the form @code{(@var{char-or-string}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2388 . @var{string})}. These are used to set up a syntax table for
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2389 syntactic fontification (@pxref{Syntax Table Functions}). The
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2390 resulting syntax table is stored in @code{font-lock-syntax-table}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2391
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2392 The fifth element, @var{syntax-begin}, specifies the value of
62652
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2393 @code{font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function}. We recommend setting
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2394 this variable to @code{nil} and using @code{syntax-begin-function}
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2395 instead.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2396
25875
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2397 All the remaining elements (if any) are collectively called
6a17c48b52ef *** empty log message ***
Phillip Rulon <pjr@gnu.org>
parents: 25751
diff changeset
2398 @var{other-vars}. Each of these elements should have the form
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2399 @code{(@var{variable} . @var{value})}---which means, make
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2400 @var{variable} buffer-local and then set it to @var{value}. You can
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2401 use these @var{other-vars} to set other variables that affect
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2402 fontification, aside from those you can control with the first five
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2403 elements. @xref{Other Font Lock Variables}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2404 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2405
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2406 @node Search-based Fontification
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2407 @subsection Search-based Fontification
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2408
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2409 The most important variable for customizing Font Lock mode is
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2410 @code{font-lock-keywords}. It specifies the search criteria for
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2411 search-based fontification. You should specify the value of this
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2412 variable with @var{keywords} in @code{font-lock-defaults}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2413
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2414 @defvar font-lock-keywords
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2415 This variable's value is a list of the keywords to highlight. Be
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2416 careful when composing regular expressions for this list; a poorly
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2417 written pattern can dramatically slow things down!
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2418 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2419
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2420 Each element of @code{font-lock-keywords} specifies how to find
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2421 certain cases of text, and how to highlight those cases. Font Lock mode
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2422 processes the elements of @code{font-lock-keywords} one by one, and for
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2423 each element, it finds and handles all matches. Ordinarily, once
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2424 part of the text has been fontified already, this cannot be overridden
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2425 by a subsequent match in the same text; but you can specify different
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2426 behavior using the @var{override} element of a @var{subexp-highlighter}.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2427
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2428 Each element of @code{font-lock-keywords} should have one of these
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2429 forms:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2430
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2431 @table @code
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2432 @item @var{regexp}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2433 Highlight all matches for @var{regexp} using
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2434 @code{font-lock-keyword-face}. For example,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2435
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2436 @example
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2437 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of the word @samp{foo}}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2438 ;; @r{using @code{font-lock-keyword-face}.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2439 "\\<foo\\>"
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2440 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2441
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2442 The function @code{regexp-opt} (@pxref{Regexp Functions}) is useful
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2443 for calculating optimal regular expressions to match a number of
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2444 different keywords.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2445
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2446 @item @var{function}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2447 Find text by calling @var{function}, and highlight the matches
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2448 it finds using @code{font-lock-keyword-face}.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2449
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2450 When @var{function} is called, it receives one argument, the limit of
55687
4d4340e24361 (Search-based Fontification): Fix typo.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 55508
diff changeset
2451 the search; it should begin searching at point, and not search beyond the
41938
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2452 limit. It should return non-@code{nil} if it succeeds, and set the
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2453 match data to describe the match that was found. Returning @code{nil}
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2454 indicates failure of the search.
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2455
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2456 Fontification will call @var{function} repeatedly with the same limit,
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2457 and with point where the previous invocation left it, until
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2458 @var{function} fails. On failure, @var{function} need not reset point
f8c0a921c536 Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 40928
diff changeset
2459 in any particular way.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2460
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2461 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{subexp})
24934
f5e3b4ecd255 *** empty log message ***
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 22274
diff changeset
2462 In this kind of element, @var{matcher} is either a regular
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2463 expression or a function, as described above. The @sc{cdr},
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2464 @var{subexp}, specifies which subexpression of @var{matcher} should be
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2465 highlighted (instead of the entire text that @var{matcher} matched).
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2466
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2467 @example
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2468 ;; @r{Highlight the @samp{bar} in each occurrence of @samp{fubar},}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2469 ;; @r{using @code{font-lock-keyword-face}.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2470 ("fu\\(bar\\)" . 1)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2471 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2472
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2473 If you use @code{regexp-opt} to produce the regular expression
63583
99e9892a51d9 Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63133
diff changeset
2474 @var{matcher}, you can use @code{regexp-opt-depth} (@pxref{Regexp
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2475 Functions}) to calculate the value for @var{subexp}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2476
53430
7abfe409def6 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2477 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{facespec})
61678
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2478 In this kind of element, @var{facespec} is an expression whose value
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2479 specifies the face to use for highlighting. In the simplest case,
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2480 @var{facespec} is a Lisp variable (a symbol) whose value is a face
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2481 name.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2482
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2483 @example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2484 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of @samp{fubar},}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2485 ;; @r{using the face which is the value of @code{fubar-face}.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2486 ("fubar" . fubar-face)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2487 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2488
61678
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2489 However, @var{facespec} can also evaluate to a list of this form:
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2490
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2491 @example
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2492 (face @var{face} @var{prop1} @var{val1} @var{prop2} @var{val2}@dots{})
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2493 @end example
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2494
61678
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2495 @noindent
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2496 to specify the face @var{face} and various additional text properties
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2497 to put on the text that matches. If you do this, be sure to add the
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2498 other text property names that you set in this way to the value of
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2499 @code{font-lock-extra-managed-props} so that the properties will also
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2500 be cleared out when they are no longer appropriate. Alternatively,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2501 you can set the variable @code{font-lock-unfontify-region-function} to
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2502 a function that clears these properties. @xref{Other Font Lock
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2503 Variables}.
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2504
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2505 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{subexp-highlighter})
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2506 In this kind of element, @var{subexp-highlighter} is a list
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2507 which specifies how to highlight matches found by @var{matcher}.
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2508 It has the form:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2509
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2510 @example
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2511 (@var{subexp} @var{facespec} [[@var{override} [@var{laxmatch}]])
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2512 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2513
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2514 The @sc{car}, @var{subexp}, is an integer specifying which subexpression
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2515 of the match to fontify (0 means the entire matching text). The second
61678
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2516 subelement, @var{facespec}, is an expression whose value specifies the
3c8535295b32 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 61377
diff changeset
2517 face, as described above.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2518
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2519 The last two values in @var{subexp-highlighter}, @var{override} and
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2520 @var{laxmatch}, are optional flags. If @var{override} is @code{t},
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2521 this element can override existing fontification made by previous
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2522 elements of @code{font-lock-keywords}. If it is @code{keep}, then
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2523 each character is fontified if it has not been fontified already by
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2524 some other element. If it is @code{prepend}, the face specified by
53430
7abfe409def6 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2525 @var{facespec} is added to the beginning of the @code{font-lock-face}
7abfe409def6 (Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52978
diff changeset
2526 property. If it is @code{append}, the face is added to the end of the
52187
a39b6df244a7 (Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52001
diff changeset
2527 @code{font-lock-face} property.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2528
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2529 If @var{laxmatch} is non-@code{nil}, it means there should be no error
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2530 if there is no subexpression numbered @var{subexp} in @var{matcher}.
25975
e368b754fe25 Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 25950
diff changeset
2531 Obviously, fontification of the subexpression numbered @var{subexp} will
e368b754fe25 Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 25950
diff changeset
2532 not occur. However, fontification of other subexpressions (and other
e368b754fe25 Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 25950
diff changeset
2533 regexps) will continue. If @var{laxmatch} is @code{nil}, and the
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
2534 specified subexpression is missing, then an error is signaled which
25975
e368b754fe25 Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 25950
diff changeset
2535 terminates search-based fontification.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2536
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2537 Here are some examples of elements of this kind, and what they do:
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2538
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2539 @smallexample
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2540 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of either @samp{foo} or @samp{bar}, using}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2541 ;; @r{@code{foo-bar-face}, even if they have already been highlighted.}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2542 ;; @r{@code{foo-bar-face} should be a variable whose value is a face.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2543 ("foo\\|bar" 0 foo-bar-face t)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2544
25751
467b88fab665 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 24934
diff changeset
2545 ;; @r{Highlight the first subexpression within each occurrence}
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2546 ;; @r{that the function @code{fubar-match} finds,}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2547 ;; @r{using the face which is the value of @code{fubar-face}.}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2548 (fubar-match 1 fubar-face)
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2549 @end smallexample
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2550
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2551 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{anchored-highlighter})
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2552 In this kind of element, @var{anchored-highlighter} specifies how to
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2553 highlight text that follows a match found by @var{matcher}. So a
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2554 match found by @var{matcher} acts as the anchor for further searches
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2555 specified by @var{anchored-highlighter}. @var{anchored-highlighter}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2556 is a list of the following form:
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2557
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2558 @example
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2559 (@var{anchored-matcher} @var{pre-form} @var{post-form}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2560 @var{subexp-highlighters}@dots{})
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2561 @end example
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2562
61377
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2563 Here, @var{anchored-matcher}, like @var{matcher}, is either a regular
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2564 expression or a function. After a match of @var{matcher} is found,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2565 point is at the end of the match. Now, Font Lock evaluates the form
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2566 @var{pre-form}. Then it searches for matches of
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2567 @var{anchored-matcher} and uses @var{subexp-highlighters} to highlight
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2568 these. A @var{subexp-highlighter} is as described above. Finally,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2569 Font Lock evaluates @var{post-form}.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2570
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2571 The forms @var{pre-form} and @var{post-form} can be used to initialize
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2572 before, and cleanup after, @var{anchored-matcher} is used. Typically,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2573 @var{pre-form} is used to move point to some position relative to the
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2574 match of @var{matcher}, before starting with @var{anchored-matcher}.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2575 @var{post-form} might be used to move back, before resuming with
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2576 @var{matcher}.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2577
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2578 After Font Lock evaluates @var{pre-form}, it does not search for
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2579 @var{anchored-matcher} beyond the end of the line. However, if
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2580 @var{pre-form} returns a buffer position that is greater than the
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2581 position of point after @var{pre-form} is evaluated, then the position
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2582 returned by @var{pre-form} is used as the limit of the search instead.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2583 It is generally a bad idea to return a position greater than the end
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2584 of the line; in other words, the @var{anchored-matcher} search should
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2585 not span lines.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2586
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2587 For example,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2588
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2589 @smallexample
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2590 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of the word @samp{item} following}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2591 ;; @r{an occurrence of the word @samp{anchor} (on the same line)}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2592 ;; @r{in the value of @code{item-face}.}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2593 ("\\<anchor\\>" "\\<item\\>" nil nil (0 item-face))
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2594 @end smallexample
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2595
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2596 Here, @var{pre-form} and @var{post-form} are @code{nil}. Therefore
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2597 searching for @samp{item} starts at the end of the match of
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2598 @samp{anchor}, and searching for subsequent instances of @samp{anchor}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2599 resumes from where searching for @samp{item} concluded.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2600
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2601 @item (@var{matcher} @var{highlighters}@dots{})
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2602 This sort of element specifies several @var{highlighter} lists for a
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2603 single @var{matcher}. A @var{highlighter} list can be of the type
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2604 @var{subexp-highlighter} or @var{anchored-highlighter} as described
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2605 above.
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2606
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2607 For example,
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2608
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2609 @smallexample
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2610 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of the word @samp{anchor} in the value}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2611 ;; @r{of @code{anchor-face}, and subsequent occurrences of the word}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2612 ;; @r{@samp{item} (on the same line) in the value of @code{item-face}.}
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2613 ("\\<anchor\\>" (0 anchor-face)
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2614 ("\\<item\\>" nil nil (0 item-face)))
d719a3a92aa5 (Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61322
diff changeset
2615 @end smallexample
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2616
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2617 @item (eval . @var{form})
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2618 Here @var{form} is an expression to be evaluated the first time
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2619 this value of @code{font-lock-keywords} is used in a buffer.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2620 Its value should have one of the forms described in this table.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2621 @end table
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2622
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2623 @strong{Warning:} Do not design an element of @code{font-lock-keywords}
70208
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
2624 to match text which spans lines; this does not work reliably.
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
2625 For details, see @xref{Multiline Font Lock}.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2626
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2627 You can use @var{case-fold} in @code{font-lock-defaults} to specify
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2628 the value of @code{font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search} which says
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2629 whether search-based fontification should be case-insensitive.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2630
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2631 @defvar font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2632 Non-@code{nil} means that regular expression matching for the sake of
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2633 @code{font-lock-keywords} should be case-insensitive.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2634 @end defvar
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2635
63133
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2636 @node Customizing Keywords
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2637 @subsection Customizing Search-Based Fontification
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2638
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2639 You can use @code{font-lock-add-keywords} to add additional
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2640 search-based fontification rules to a major mode, and
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2641 @code{font-lock-remove-keywords} to removes rules.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2642
67572
3ee5685f7930 (Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66935
diff changeset
2643 @defun font-lock-add-keywords mode keywords &optional how
63133
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2644 This function adds highlighting @var{keywords}, for the current buffer
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2645 or for major mode @var{mode}. The argument @var{keywords} should be a
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2646 list with the same format as the variable @code{font-lock-keywords}.
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2647
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2648 If @var{mode} is a symbol which is a major mode command name, such as
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2649 @code{c-mode}, the effect is that enabling Font Lock mode in
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2650 @var{mode} will add @var{keywords} to @code{font-lock-keywords}.
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2651 Calling with a non-@code{nil} value of @var{mode} is correct only in
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2652 your @file{~/.emacs} file.
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2653
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2654 If @var{mode} is @code{nil}, this function adds @var{keywords} to
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2655 @code{font-lock-keywords} in the current buffer. This way of calling
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2656 @code{font-lock-add-keywords} is usually used in mode hook functions.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2657
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2658 By default, @var{keywords} are added at the beginning of
67572
3ee5685f7930 (Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66935
diff changeset
2659 @code{font-lock-keywords}. If the optional argument @var{how} is
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2660 @code{set}, they are used to replace the value of
67572
3ee5685f7930 (Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66935
diff changeset
2661 @code{font-lock-keywords}. If @var{how} is any other non-@code{nil}
3ee5685f7930 (Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66935
diff changeset
2662 value, they are added at the end of @code{font-lock-keywords}.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2663
63133
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2664 Some modes provide specialized support you can use in additional
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2665 highlighting patterns. See the variables
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2666 @code{c-font-lock-extra-types}, @code{c++-font-lock-extra-types},
63583
99e9892a51d9 Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 63133
diff changeset
2667 and @code{java-font-lock-extra-types}, for example.
63133
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2668
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2669 @strong{Warning:} major mode functions must not call
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2670 @code{font-lock-add-keywords} under any circumstances, either directly
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2671 or indirectly, except through their mode hooks. (Doing so would lead
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2672 to incorrect behavior for some minor modes.) They should set up their
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2673 rules for search-based fontification by setting
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2674 @code{font-lock-keywords}.
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2675 @end defun
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2676
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2677 @defun font-lock-remove-keywords mode keywords
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2678 This function removes @var{keywords} from @code{font-lock-keywords}
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2679 for the current buffer or for major mode @var{mode}. As in
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2680 @code{font-lock-add-keywords}, @var{mode} should be a major mode
67572
3ee5685f7930 (Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents: 66935
diff changeset
2681 command name or @code{nil}. All the caveats and requirements for
63133
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2682 @code{font-lock-add-keywords} apply here too.
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2683 @end defun
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2684
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2685 For example, this code
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2686
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2687 @smallexample
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2688 (font-lock-add-keywords 'c-mode
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2689 '(("\\<\\(FIXME\\):" 1 font-lock-warning-face prepend)
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2690 ("\\<\\(and\\|or\\|not\\)\\>" . font-lock-keyword-face)))
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2691 @end smallexample
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2692
63133
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2693 @noindent
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2694 adds two fontification patterns for C mode: one to fontify the word
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2695 @samp{FIXME}, even in comments, and another to fontify the words
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2696 @samp{and}, @samp{or} and @samp{not} as keywords.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2697
63133
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2698 @noindent
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2699 That example affects only C mode proper. To add the same patterns to
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2700 C mode @emph{and} all modes derived from it, do this instead:
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2701
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2702 @smallexample
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2703 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2704 (lambda ()
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2705 (font-lock-add-keywords nil
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2706 '(("\\<\\(FIXME\\):" 1 font-lock-warning-face prepend)
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2707 ("\\<\\(and\\|or\\|not\\)\\>" .
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2708 font-lock-keyword-face)))))
2244564c10de (Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 62876
diff changeset
2709 @end smallexample
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2710
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2711 @node Other Font Lock Variables
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2712 @subsection Other Font Lock Variables
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2713
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2714 This section describes additional variables that a major mode can
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2715 set by means of @var{other-vars} in @code{font-lock-defaults}
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2716 (@pxref{Font Lock Basics}).
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2717
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2718 @defvar font-lock-mark-block-function
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2719 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, it should be a function that is
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2720 called with no arguments, to choose an enclosing range of text for
61034
38d95bf39f6e (Other Font Lock Variables): font-lock-fontify-block is now bound to M-o M-o.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 60784
diff changeset
2721 refontification for the command @kbd{M-o M-o}
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2722 (@code{font-lock-fontify-block}).
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2723
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2724 The function should report its choice by placing the region around it.
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2725 A good choice is a range of text large enough to give proper results,
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2726 but not too large so that refontification becomes slow. Typical values
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2727 are @code{mark-defun} for programming modes or @code{mark-paragraph} for
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2728 textual modes.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2729 @end defvar
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2730
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2731 @defvar font-lock-extra-managed-props
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2732 This variable specifies additional properties (other than
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2733 @code{font-lock-face}) that are being managed by Font Lock mode. It
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2734 is used by @code{font-lock-default-unfontify-region}, which normally
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2735 only manages the @code{font-lock-face} property. If you want Font
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2736 Lock to manage other properties as well, you must specify them in a
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2737 @var{facespec} in @code{font-lock-keywords} as well as add them to
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2738 this list. @xref{Search-based Fontification}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2739 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2740
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2741 @defvar font-lock-fontify-buffer-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2742 Function to use for fontifying the buffer. The default value is
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2743 @code{font-lock-default-fontify-buffer}.
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2744 @end defvar
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2745
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2746 @defvar font-lock-unfontify-buffer-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2747 Function to use for unfontifying the buffer. This is used when
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2748 turning off Font Lock mode. The default value is
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2749 @code{font-lock-default-unfontify-buffer}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2750 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2751
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2752 @defvar font-lock-fontify-region-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2753 Function to use for fontifying a region. It should take two
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2754 arguments, the beginning and end of the region, and an optional third
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2755 argument @var{verbose}. If @var{verbose} is non-@code{nil}, the
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2756 function should print status messages. The default value is
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2757 @code{font-lock-default-fontify-region}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2758 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2759
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2760 @defvar font-lock-unfontify-region-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2761 Function to use for unfontifying a region. It should take two
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2762 arguments, the beginning and end of the region. The default value is
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2763 @code{font-lock-default-unfontify-region}.
52956
667459455d3c Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 52859
diff changeset
2764 @end defvar
667459455d3c Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 52859
diff changeset
2765
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2766 @ignore
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2767 @defvar font-lock-inhibit-thing-lock
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2768 List of Font Lock mode related modes that should not be turned on.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2769 Currently, valid mode names are @code{fast-lock-mode},
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2770 @code{jit-lock-mode} and @code{lazy-lock-mode}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2771 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2772 @end ignore
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2773
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2774 @node Levels of Font Lock
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2775 @subsection Levels of Font Lock
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2776
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2777 Many major modes offer three different levels of fontification. You
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2778 can define multiple levels by using a list of symbols for @var{keywords}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2779 in @code{font-lock-defaults}. Each symbol specifies one level of
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2780 fontification; it is up to the user to choose one of these levels. The
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2781 chosen level's symbol value is used to initialize
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2782 @code{font-lock-keywords}.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2783
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2784 Here are the conventions for how to define the levels of
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2785 fontification:
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2786
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2787 @itemize @bullet
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2788 @item
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2789 Level 1: highlight function declarations, file directives (such as include or
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2790 import directives), strings and comments. The idea is speed, so only
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2791 the most important and top-level components are fontified.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2792
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2793 @item
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2794 Level 2: in addition to level 1, highlight all language keywords,
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2795 including type names that act like keywords, as well as named constant
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2796 values. The idea is that all keywords (either syntactic or semantic)
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2797 should be fontified appropriately.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2798
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2799 @item
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2800 Level 3: in addition to level 2, highlight the symbols being defined in
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2801 function and variable declarations, and all builtin function names,
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2802 wherever they appear.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2803 @end itemize
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2804
45684
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2805 @node Precalculated Fontification
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2806 @subsection Precalculated Fontification
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2807
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2808 In addition to using @code{font-lock-defaults} for search-based
45684
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2809 fontification, you may use the special character property
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2810 @code{font-lock-face} (@pxref{Special Properties}). This property
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2811 acts just like the explicit @code{face} property, but its activation
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2812 is toggled when the user calls @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode}. Using
52628
74d358d76ea8 (Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52463
diff changeset
2813 @code{font-lock-face} is especially convenient for special modes
45684
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2814 which construct their text programmatically, such as
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2815 @code{list-buffers} and @code{occur}.
6f73f208b4ce (Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 43677
diff changeset
2816
45714
7057566fa4c1 (Precalcuated Fontification): Note how to use `font-lock-core-only'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45684
diff changeset
2817 If your mode does not use any of the other machinery of Font Lock
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2818 (i.e. it only uses the @code{font-lock-face} property), it should not
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2819 set the variable @code{font-lock-defaults}. That way, it will not
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2820 cause loading of the @file{font-lock} library.
45714
7057566fa4c1 (Precalcuated Fontification): Note how to use `font-lock-core-only'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents: 45684
diff changeset
2821
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2822 @node Faces for Font Lock
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2823 @subsection Faces for Font Lock
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2824
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2825 You can make Font Lock mode use any face, but several faces are
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2826 defined specifically for Font Lock mode. Each of these symbols is both
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2827 a face name, and a variable whose default value is the symbol itself.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2828 Thus, the default value of @code{font-lock-comment-face} is
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2829 @code{font-lock-comment-face}. This means you can write
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2830 @code{font-lock-comment-face} in a context such as
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2831 @code{font-lock-keywords} where a face-name-valued expression is used.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2832
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2833 @table @code
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2834 @item font-lock-comment-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2835 @vindex font-lock-comment-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2836 Used (typically) for comments.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2837
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2838 @item font-lock-comment-delimiter-face
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2839 @vindex font-lock-comment-delimiter-face
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2840 Used (typically) for comments delimiters.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2841
59942
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2842 @item font-lock-doc-face
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2843 @vindex font-lock-doc-face
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2844 Used (typically) for documentation strings in the code.
1f6a9cf44999 (Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 59516
diff changeset
2845
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2846 @item font-lock-string-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2847 @vindex font-lock-string-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2848 Used (typically) for string constants.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2849
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2850 @item font-lock-keyword-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2851 @vindex font-lock-keyword-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2852 Used (typically) for keywords---names that have special syntactic
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2853 significance, like @code{for} and @code{if} in C.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2854
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2855 @item font-lock-builtin-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2856 @vindex font-lock-builtin-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2857 Used (typically) for built-in function names.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2858
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2859 @item font-lock-function-name-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2860 @vindex font-lock-function-name-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2861 Used (typically) for the name of a function being defined or declared,
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 48700
diff changeset
2862 in a function definition or declaration.
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2863
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2864 @item font-lock-variable-name-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2865 @vindex font-lock-variable-name-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2866 Used (typically) for the name of a variable being defined or declared,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2867 in a variable definition or declaration.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2868
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2869 @item font-lock-type-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2870 @vindex font-lock-type-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2871 Used (typically) for names of user-defined data types,
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2872 where they are defined and where they are used.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2873
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2874 @item font-lock-constant-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2875 @vindex font-lock-constant-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2876 Used (typically) for constant names.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2877
52800
d738115b4197 (Faces for Font Lock): Fix typo.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52744
diff changeset
2878 @item font-lock-preprocessor-face
d738115b4197 (Faces for Font Lock): Fix typo.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 52744
diff changeset
2879 @vindex font-lock-preprocessor-face
51917
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2880 Used (typically) for preprocessor commands.
3039afbb0746 (Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 51794
diff changeset
2881
72304
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
2882 @item font-lock-negation-char-face
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
2883 @vindex font-lock-negation-char-face
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
2884 Used (typically) for easily-overlooked negation characters.
ffa74c9e9a48 * modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents: 72252
diff changeset
2885
21007
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2886 @item font-lock-warning-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2887 @vindex font-lock-warning-face
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2888 Used (typically) for constructs that are peculiar, or that greatly
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2889 change the meaning of other text. For example, this is used for
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2890 @samp{;;;###autoload} cookies in Emacs Lisp, and for @code{#error}
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2891 directives in C.
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2892 @end table
66d807bdc5b4 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 17278
diff changeset
2893
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2894 @node Syntactic Font Lock
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2895 @subsection Syntactic Font Lock
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2896
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2897 Syntactic fontification uses the syntax table to find comments and
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2898 string constants (@pxref{Syntax Tables}). It highlights them using
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2899 @code{font-lock-comment-face} and @code{font-lock-string-face}
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2900 (@pxref{Faces for Font Lock}). There are several variables that
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2901 affect syntactic fontification; you should set them by means of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2902 @code{font-lock-defaults} (@pxref{Font Lock Basics}).
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2903
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2904 @defvar font-lock-keywords-only
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2905 Non-@code{nil} means Font Lock should not do syntactic fontification;
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2906 it should only fontify based on @code{font-lock-keywords}. The normal
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2907 way for a mode to set this variable to @code{t} is with
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2908 @var{keywords-only} in @code{font-lock-defaults}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2909 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2910
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2911 @defvar font-lock-syntax-table
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2912 This variable holds the syntax table to use for fontification of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2913 comments and strings. Specify it using @var{syntax-alist} in
71940
6bc43bba870c (Syntactic Font Lock): Give default for font-lock-syntax-table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 71701
diff changeset
2914 @code{font-lock-defaults}. If this is @code{nil}, fontification uses
6bc43bba870c (Syntactic Font Lock): Give default for font-lock-syntax-table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 71701
diff changeset
2915 the buffer's syntax table.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2916 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2917
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2918 @defvar font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2919 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, it should be a function to move
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2920 point back to a position that is syntactically at ``top level'' and
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2921 outside of strings or comments. Font Lock uses this when necessary
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2922 to get the right results for syntactic fontification.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2923
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2924 This function is called with no arguments. It should leave point at
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2925 the beginning of any enclosing syntactic block. Typical values are
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2926 @code{beginning-of-line} (used when the start of the line is known to
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2927 be outside a syntactic block), or @code{beginning-of-defun} for
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2928 programming modes, or @code{backward-paragraph} for textual modes.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2929
62652
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2930 If the value is @code{nil}, Font Lock uses
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2931 @code{syntax-begin-function} to move back outside of any comment,
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2932 string, or sexp. This variable is semi-obsolete; we recommend setting
e89d01c0c1c4 (Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 62594
diff changeset
2933 @code{syntax-begin-function} instead.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2934
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2935 Specify this variable using @var{syntax-begin} in
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2936 @code{font-lock-defaults}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2937 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2938
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2939 @defvar font-lock-syntactic-face-function
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2940 A function to determine which face to use for a given syntactic
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2941 element (a string or a comment). The function is called with one
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2942 argument, the parse state at point returned by
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2943 @code{parse-partial-sexp}, and should return a face. The default
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2944 value returns @code{font-lock-comment-face} for comments and
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2945 @code{font-lock-string-face} for strings.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2946
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2947 This can be used to highlighting different kinds of strings or
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2948 comments differently. It is also sometimes abused together with
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
2949 @code{font-lock-syntactic-keywords} to highlight constructs that span
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
2950 multiple lines, but this is too esoteric to document here.
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2951
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2952 Specify this variable using @var{other-vars} in
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2953 @code{font-lock-defaults}.
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2954 @end defvar
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2955
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2956 @node Setting Syntax Properties
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2957 @subsection Setting Syntax Properties
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2958
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2959 Font Lock mode can be used to update @code{syntax-table} properties
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2960 automatically (@pxref{Syntax Properties}). This is useful in
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2961 languages for which a single syntax table by itself is not sufficient.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2962
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2963 @defvar font-lock-syntactic-keywords
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2964 This variable enables and controls updating @code{syntax-table}
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2965 properties by Font Lock. Its value should be a list of elements of
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2966 this form:
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2967
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2968 @example
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2969 (@var{matcher} @var{subexp} @var{syntax} @var{override} @var{laxmatch})
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2970 @end example
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2971
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2972 The parts of this element have the same meanings as in the corresponding
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2973 sort of element of @code{font-lock-keywords},
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2974
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2975 @example
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2976 (@var{matcher} @var{subexp} @var{facespec} @var{override} @var{laxmatch})
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2977 @end example
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
2978
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
2979 However, instead of specifying the value @var{facespec} to use for the
50693
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2980 @code{face} property, it specifies the value @var{syntax} to use for
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2981 the @code{syntax-table} property. Here, @var{syntax} can be a string
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2982 (as taken by @code{modify-syntax-entry}), a syntax table, a cons cell
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2983 (as returned by @code{string-to-syntax}), or an expression whose value
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2984 is one of those two types. @var{override} cannot be @code{prepend} or
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2985 @code{append}.
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2986
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2987 For example, an element of the form:
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2988
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2989 @example
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2990 ("\\$\\(#\\)" 1 ".")
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2991 @end example
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2992
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2993 highlights syntactically a hash character when following a dollar
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2994 character, with a SYNTAX of @code{"."} (meaning punctuation syntax).
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2995 Assuming that the buffer syntax table specifies hash characters to
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2996 have comment start syntax, the element will only highlight hash
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2997 characters that do not follow dollar characters as comments
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2998 syntactically.
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
2999
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3000 An element of the form:
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3001
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3002 @example
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3003 ("\\('\\).\\('\\)"
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3004 (1 "\"")
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3005 (2 "\""))
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3006 @end example
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3007
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3008 highlights syntactically both single quotes which surround a single
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3009 character, with a SYNTAX of @code{"\""} (meaning string quote syntax).
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3010 Assuming that the buffer syntax table does not specify single quotes
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3011 to have quote syntax, the element will only highlight single quotes of
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3012 the form @samp{'@var{c}'} as strings syntactically. Other forms, such
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3013 as @samp{foo'bar} or @samp{'fubar'}, will not be highlighted as
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3014 strings.
17c60796aa6a (font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
diff changeset
3015
61906
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
3016 Major modes normally set this variable with @var{other-vars} in
1210b12b4089 (Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents: 61853
diff changeset
3017 @code{font-lock-defaults}.
21682
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3018 @end defvar
90da2489c498 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 21007
diff changeset
3019
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3020 @node Multiline Font Lock
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3021 @subsection Multiline Font Lock Constructs
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3022 @cindex multiline font lock
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3023
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3024 Normally, elements of @code{font-lock-keywords} should not match
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3025 across multiple lines; that doesn't work reliably, because Font Lock
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3026 usually scans just part of the buffer, and it can miss a multi-line
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3027 construct that crosses the line boundary where the scan starts. (The
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3028 scan normally starts at the beginning of a line.)
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3029
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3030 Making elements that match multiline constructs work properly has
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3031 two aspects: correct @emph{identification} and correct
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3032 @emph{rehighlighting}. The first means that Font Lock finds all
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3033 multiline constructs. The second means that Font Lock will correctly
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3034 rehighlight all the relevant text when a multiline construct is
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3035 changed---for example, if some of the text that was previously part of
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3036 a multiline construct ceases to be part of it. The two aspects are
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3037 closely related, and often getting one of them to work will appear to
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3038 make the other also work. However, for reliable results you must
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3039 attend explicitly to both aspects.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3040
72251
0933613f837b (font-lock-beg, font-lock-end, font-lock-extend-region-functions): New vars.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 72250
diff changeset
3041 There are three ways to ensure correct identification of multiline
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3042 constructs:
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3043
70275
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3044 @itemize
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3045 @item
72125
9b546c70be9e (Multiline Font Lock): Can't use jit-lock-defer-multiline
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 72104
diff changeset
3046 Place a @code{font-lock-multiline}
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3047 property on the construct when it is added to the buffer.
70275
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3048 @item
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3049 Use @code{font-lock-fontify-region-function} hook to extend the scan
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3050 so that the scanned text never starts or ends in the middle of a
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3051 multiline construct.
72251
0933613f837b (font-lock-beg, font-lock-end, font-lock-extend-region-functions): New vars.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 72250
diff changeset
3052 @item
0933613f837b (font-lock-beg, font-lock-end, font-lock-extend-region-functions): New vars.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 72250
diff changeset
3053 Add a function to @code{font-lock-extend-region-functions} that does
72252
54e1bf749744 Fix typo in markup.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 72251
diff changeset
3054 the @emph{identification} and extends the scan so that the scanned
72251
0933613f837b (font-lock-beg, font-lock-end, font-lock-extend-region-functions): New vars.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 72250
diff changeset
3055 text never starts or ends in the middle of a multiline construct.
70275
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3056 @end itemize
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3057
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3058 There are three ways to do rehighlighting of multiline constructs:
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3059
70275
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3060 @itemize
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3061 @item
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3062 Place a @code{font-lock-multiline} property on the construct. This
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3063 will rehighlight the whole construct if any part of it is changed. In
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3064 some cases you can do this automatically by setting the
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3065 @code{font-lock-multiline} variable.
70275
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3066 @item
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3067 Use @code{jit-lock-contextually}. This will only rehighlight the part
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3068 of the construct that follows the actual change, and will do it after
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3069 a short delay. This only works if the highlighting of the various
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3070 parts of your multiline construct never depends on text in subsequent
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3071 lines. Since @code{jit-lock-contextually} is activated by default,
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3072 this can be an attractive solution.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3073 @item
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3074 Place a @code{jit-lock-defer-multiline} property on the construct.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3075 This works only if @code{jit-lock-contextually} is used, but it can
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3076 handle the case where highlighting depends on subsequent lines.
70275
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3077 @end itemize
70208
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3078
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3079 @menu
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3080 * Font Lock Multiline:: Marking multiline chunks with a text property
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3081 * Region to Fontify:: Controlling which region gets refontified
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3082 after a buffer change.
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3083 @end menu
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3084
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3085 @node Font Lock Multiline
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3086 @subsubsection Font Lock Multiline
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3087
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3088 One way to ensure reliable rehighlighting of multiline Font Lock
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3089 constructs is to put on the text property @code{font-lock-multiline}.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3090 It should be present and non-@code{nil} for text that is part of a
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3091 multiline construct.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3092
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3093 When Font Lock is about to highlight a range of text, it first
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3094 extends the boundaries of the range as necessary so that they do not
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3095 fall within text marked with the @code{font-lock-multiline} property.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3096 Then it removes any @code{font-lock-multiline} properties from the
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3097 range, and highlights it. The highlighting specification (mostly
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3098 @code{font-lock-keywords}) must reinstall this property each time,
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3099 whenever it is appropriate.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3100
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3101 @strong{Warning:} don't use the @code{font-lock-multiline} property
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3102 on large ranges of text, because that will make rehighlighting slow.
70208
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3103
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3104 @defvar font-lock-multiline
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3105 If the @code{font-lock-multiline} variable is set to @code{t}, Font
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3106 Lock will try to add the @code{font-lock-multiline} property
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3107 automatically on multiline constructs. This is not a universal
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3108 solution, however, since it slows down Font Lock somewhat. It can
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3109 miss some multiline constructs, or make the property larger or smaller
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3110 than necessary.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3111
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3112 For elements whose @var{matcher} is a function, the function should
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3113 ensure that submatch 0 covers the whole relevant multiline construct,
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3114 even if only a small subpart will be highlighted. It is often just as
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3115 easy to add the @code{font-lock-multiline} property by hand.
70208
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3116 @end defvar
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3117
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3118 The @code{font-lock-multiline} property is meant to ensure proper
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3119 refontification; it does not automatically identify new multiline
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3120 constructs. Identifying the requires that Font-Lock operate on large
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3121 enough chunks at a time. This will happen by accident on many cases,
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3122 which may give the impression that multiline constructs magically work.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3123 If you set the @code{font-lock-multiline} variable non-@code{nil},
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3124 this impression will be even stronger, since the highlighting of those
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3125 constructs which are found will be properly updated from then on.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3126 But that does not work reliably.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3127
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3128 To find multiline constructs reliably, you must either manually
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3129 place the @code{font-lock-multiline} property on the text before
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3130 Font-Lock looks at it, or use
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3131 @code{font-lock-fontify-region-function}.
70275
3d36e736dc2a Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70223
diff changeset
3132
70208
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3133 @node Region to Fontify
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3134 @subsubsection Region to Fontify after a Buffer Change
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3135
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3136 When a buffer is changed, the region that Font Lock refontifies is
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3137 by default the smallest sequence of whole lines that spans the change.
70208
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3138 While this works well most of the time, sometimes it doesn't---for
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3139 example, when a change alters the syntactic meaning of text on an
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3140 earlier line.
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3141
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3142 You can enlarge (or even reduce) the region to fontify by setting
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3143 one the following variables:
70208
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3144
72250
482bf4e8cc00 (font-lock-extend-after-change-region-function):
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 72205
diff changeset
3145 @defvar font-lock-extend-after-change-region-function
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3146 This buffer-local variable is either @code{nil} or a function for
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3147 Font-Lock to call to determine the region to scan and fontify.
70208
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3148
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3149 The function is given three parameters, the standard @var{beg},
70289
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3150 @var{end}, and @var{old-len} from after-change-functions
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3151 (@pxref{Change Hooks}). It should return either a cons of the
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3152 beginning and end buffer positions (in that order) of the region to
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3153 fontify, or @code{nil} (which means choose the region in the standard
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3154 way). This function needs to preserve point, the match-data, and the
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3155 current restriction. The region it returns may start or end in the
608b16c56304 (Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 70275
diff changeset
3156 middle of a line.
70208
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3157
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3158 Since this function is called after every buffer change, it should be
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3159 reasonably fast.
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3160 @end defvar
d96cefbe70c2 Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 70088
diff changeset
3161
55414
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3162 @node Desktop Save Mode
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3163 @section Desktop Save Mode
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3164 @cindex desktop save mode
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3165
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3166 @dfn{Desktop Save Mode} is a feature to save the state of Emacs from
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3167 one session to another. The user-level commands for using Desktop
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3168 Save Mode are described in the GNU Emacs Manual (@pxref{Saving Emacs
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3169 Sessions,,, emacs, the GNU Emacs Manual}). Modes whose buffers visit
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3170 a file, don't have to do anything to use this feature.
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3171
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3172 For buffers not visiting a file to have their state saved, the major
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3173 mode must bind the buffer local variable @code{desktop-save-buffer} to
57213
3497eca006fe Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 56768
diff changeset
3174 a non-@code{nil} value.
55414
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3175
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3176 @defvar desktop-save-buffer
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3177 If this buffer-local variable is non-@code{nil}, the buffer will have
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3178 its state saved in the desktop file at desktop save. If the value is
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3179 a function, it is called at desktop save with argument
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3180 @var{desktop-dirname}, and its value is saved in the desktop file along
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3181 with the state of the buffer for which it was called. When file names
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3182 are returned as part of the auxiliary information, they should be
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3183 formatted using the call
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3184
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3185 @example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3186 (desktop-file-name @var{file-name} @var{desktop-dirname})
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3187 @end example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3188
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3189 @end defvar
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3190
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3191 For buffers not visiting a file to be restored, the major mode must
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3192 define a function to do the job, and that function must be listed in
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3193 the alist @code{desktop-buffer-mode-handlers}.
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3194
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3195 @defvar desktop-buffer-mode-handlers
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3196 Alist with elements
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3197
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3198 @example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3199 (@var{major-mode} . @var{restore-buffer-function})
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3200 @end example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3201
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3202 The function @var{restore-buffer-function} will be called with
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3203 argument list
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3204
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3205 @example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3206 (@var{buffer-file-name} @var{buffer-name} @var{desktop-buffer-misc})
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3207 @end example
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3208
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3209 and it should return the restored buffer.
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3210 Here @var{desktop-buffer-misc} is the value returned by the function
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3211 optionally bound to @code{desktop-save-buffer}.
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3212 @end defvar
029817c8eef3 (Desktop Save Mode): Add.
Lars Hansen <larsh@soem.dk>
parents: 54041
diff changeset
3213
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52197
diff changeset
3214 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52197
diff changeset
3215 arch-tag: 4c7bff41-36e6-4da6-9e7f-9b9289e27c8e
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52197
diff changeset
3216 @end ignore