Mercurial > emacs
annotate etc/WHY-FREE @ 109462:a150e8a14679
Install version 7.01 of Org-mode
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* ob-C.el: New file.
* ob-R.el: New file.
* ob-asymptote.el: New file.
* ob-clojure.el: New file.
* ob-comint.el: New file.
* ob-css.el: New file.
* ob-ditaa.el: New file.
* ob-dot.el: New file.
* ob-emacs-lisp.el: New file.
* ob-eval.el: New file.
* ob-exp.el: New file.
* ob-gnuplot.el: New file.
* ob-haskell.el: New file.
* ob-keys.el: New file.
* ob-latex.el: New file.
* ob-lob.el: New file.
* ob-matlab.el: New file.
* ob-mscgen.el: New file.
* ob-ocaml.el: New file.
* ob-octave.el: New file.
* ob-perl.el: New file.
* ob-python.el: New file.
* ob-ref.el: New file.
* ob-ruby.el: New file.
* ob-sass.el: New file.
* ob-screen.el: New file.
* ob-sh.el: New file.
* ob-sql.el: New file.
* ob-sqlite.el: New file.
* ob-table.el: New file.
* ob-tangle.el: New file.
* ob.el: New file.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-mks.el: New file.
* org-capture.el: New file.
2010-07-19 Christian Egli <christian.egli@sbszh.ch>
* org-taskjuggler.el: New file.
2010-07-19 Matt Lundin <mdl@imapmail.org>
* org-agenda.el (org-search-view): Fixed inclusion of agenda-archives
in org-agenda-text-search-extra-files.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-list.el (org-list-send-list): Locally bind variable
`txt'.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-reload): now also reloading babel files
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-capture.el (org-capture-set-plist): Make sure txt is a string
before calling `string-match'.
(org-capture-templates): Fix customization type.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-preprocess): Make a special case for \nbsp.
(org-latex-entities): Remove the entry for \nbsp.
(org-latex-entities-exceptions): Variable removed.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-capture.el (org-capture-refile): Do not try to manipulate
bookmark list.
* org.el (org-refile): Use the correct bookmark here.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-list.el (org-list-send-list): Parse list from its true beginning.
* org.el (org-ctrl-c-ctrl-c): Maybe send the list when at a list item.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-insert-link): Correctly determine if we should use
a relative path.
2010-07-19 Nicolas Goaziou <n.goaziou@gmail.com>
* org-list.el (org-list-radio-list-templates): Fix templates.
2010-07-19 Nicolas Goaziou <n.goaziou@gmail.com>
* org-list.el (org-list-send-list): regexp defining the start of
a radio list is now on par with the one used for radio tables.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-entities.el (org-entities-help): Add a headline for
the user-defined entities.
2010-07-19 Dirk-Jan C. Binnema <djcb.bulk@gmail.com> (tiny change)
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-action): Document capture key and add it
to the prompt.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-listings-langs): added (sqlite "SQL")
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-first-lines): Do not mark
meta lines for removal. Do not remove BABEL config lines during export
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-capture.el (org-capture): Check if
`org-capture-link-is-already-stored' is bound before evaluating.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org.el: added autoload for org-babel-do-load-languages
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-src.el (org-src-lang-modes): added sqlite to sql-mode
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-feed.el: Change indentation to match coding style
guideline.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-feed.el (org-feed-unescape, org-feed-parse-atom-feed): Load XML
library if necessary.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-beamer.el (org-beamer-amend-header): Standardize the
header cookie for the beamer extra stuff.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-beamer.el (org-beamer-amend-header): Put extra header
last in header.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-exp-blocks.el (org-export-blocks-format-ditaa)
(org-export-blocks-format-dot): Remove text properties of body before
calculating cache hash.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-tabular-environment): New option.
(org-export-latex-tables): Use `org-export-latex-tabular-environment'.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-compat.el (org-version-check): New function.
* org-indent.el (org-indent-mode): Check for exact emacs version.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-capture.el (org-capture-templates): Allow the template
to come from a file or function call.
(org-capture-place-entry): Get the template from file or function.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-bulk-action): Don't create marker for
position if target is entire file.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-autoload): Autoload a few more org-table functions.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-babel-load-languages): adding ob-mscgen
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-tables): format string now
matches options
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-babel-load-languages): this variable controls which
languages will be loaded by org-babel. It is customizable through
the customize interface.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-format-image): updated number of
arguments to allow for an optional short-name
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-indent.el (org-indent-mode): Refuse to turn on prior to Emacs 23.2
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-capture.el (org-capture-set-target-location): Store
exact positions for file+regexp and file+function targets.
(org-capture-place-entry, org-capture-place-item)
(org-capture-place-table-line, org-capture-place-plain-text): Respect
exact positions.
(org-capture-finalize): Make sure we are at the beginning of a line
when fixing the empty lines after the entry.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-entry-get-with-inheritance): New argument LITERAL-NIL.
(org-entry-get): Pass `literal-nil' into
`org-entry-get-with-inheritance'.
(org-todo): React to nil values of the LOGGING property.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-default-notes-file): Update docstring
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-link-frame-setup): Use `org-gnus-no-new-news' as default.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el (org-export-attach-captions-and-attributes): adding
a shortname attribute to caption strings under the symbol name
org-caption-shortn.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-switchb): Renamed from `org-iswitchb'. Improve
docstring.
(org-iswitchb): New alias.
(org-ido-switchb): Make alias point to `org-switchb'.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-capture.el (org-capture-fill-template): Respect
time-of-day preference in template prompt.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-feed.el (org-feed-unescape): Remove superfluous lambda.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-wl.el (org-wl-disable-folder-check): New customization
variable.
(org-wl-open): Disable folder check depending on
`org-wl-disable-folder-check'.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-capture.el (org-capture-set-target-location): Fix
file+function interpretation.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-feed.el (org-feed-parse-rss-entry): Unescape rss element
content.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-feed.el (xml-entity-alist): Declare variable
`xml-entity-alist' for byte compiler.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-feed.el (org-feed-unescape): New function. Unescape
protected entities.
(org-feed-parse-atom-entry): Use function for atom:content
type text and html.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-feed.el (org-feed-parse-rss-feed): Ignore case of rss
element names.
2010-07-19 Bernt Hansen <bernt@norang.ca>
* org.el (org-time-string-to-absolute): Ignore cyclic repeater
when displaying items on todays agenda date.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-get-progress): Avoid reusing previous
value of EXTRA.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-publish.el (org-publish-initialize-cache): Make
timestamp directory, the entire path to it.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el (org-export-handle-comments): Make sure to check
for protection in the comment line, and not in the line after it.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-html.el (org-export-html-preprocess): Call org-format-latex,
possibly with a protect-only argument.
* org.el (org-format-latex): New argument PROTECT-ONLY.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el (org-export-handle-table-metalines): this function
removes table specific meta-lines, now that we aren't wiping
everything that looks remotely like a comment at the end of the
export process we have to be sure to catch all of the specific lines
in org-exp.el
2010-07-19 Nicolas Goaziou <n.goaziou@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el: (org-export-select-backend-specific-text) Properly
get rid of #+Backend and #+ATTR_Backend specifics to backends not
matching the one we're exporting to.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* Makefile (lisp/org-install.el): replacing babel files in
construction of org-install.el
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-table.el (orgtbl-to-generic): added the :remove-newlines
option which will strip newline characters from the text of table
cells and replace then with "\n"
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-confirm-shell-link-function):
(org-confirm-elisp-link-function): Limit the values that can be set by
file variables.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-compute-latex-and-specials-regexp): Deal with
string elements by discarding them.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-iswitchb): Make sure to use at least iswitchb.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-capture.el (org-capture-position-for-last-stored):
org-capture-bookmark-last-stored-position): New functions.
(org-capture-place-table-line): Better error catching.
(org-capture-place-item):
(org-capture-place-entry):
(org-capture-place-plain-text): Call
`org-capture-position-for-last-stored'.
(org-capture-finalize): Just call
`org-capture-bookmark-last-stored-position'.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el (org-export-mark-blockquote-verse-center): fixed
small bug, now grabbing match data before overwritten by looking-at
this fixes a problem with remainders of #+end_quote lines appearing
in exported output
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org.el (org-link-frame-setup): Add customization option for
Wanderlust.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-fixed-width): now checking
org-example rather than org-protected on verbatim export, because by
default all ": " prefixed lines are marked protected
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-fixed-width): check for
protection before wrapping ": " lines as verbatim
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el (org-export-handle-comments): check for protection
before removing comments
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-entities.el (org-entities): Restructure the list.
(org-entities-help): Turn the help output into a buffer
in Org-mode, so that it becomes easier to find a symbol
in the structure.
(org-entities-create-table): Deal with new structure.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-agenda.el (org-write-agenda): Use backquotes to expand
`flet' at compile time.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-entry-properties): Make sure that standard property
names are used even if the user has customized time keywords.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-macs.el (org-not-nil): Return the value if not interpreted
as nil.
* org.el (org-entry-get):
(org-entry-get-with-inheritance): Interpret the value "nil"
as nil for properties.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-switch-to-buffer-other-window): Return the buffer.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-macs.el (org-not-nil): New function.
* org.el (org-block-todo-from-children-or-siblings-or-parent):
Use `org-not-nil' to interpret a property value of nil.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-truely-invisible-p): New function.
(org-beginning-of-line): Use `org-truely-invisible-p'.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-get-timestamps): No errors
while getting TODO state.
(org-agenda-highlight-todo): No error when no keyword has
been matched.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-timestamp-change): New optional argument UPDOWN.
Use this to identify calls from org-timestamp-up/down, so that we can
skip by rounding minutes in this case.
(org-timestamp-up):
(org-timestamp-down):
(org-timestamp-up-day):
(org-timestamp-down-day): Call org-timestamp-change with the
updown argument.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-action): Make `c' key call org-capture.
* org-capture.el: New file.
* org-compat.el (org-get-x-clipboard): Function moved here from
remember.el.
* org-mks.el: New file
* org.el (org-set-regexps-and-options): Allow statistic cookies as
part of complex headlines.
(org-find-olp): New argument THIS-BUFFER. When set, assume that the
OLP does not contain a file name.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-mode): Set `comment-start' instead of changing the
syntax of the `#' character.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el (org-export-format-source-code-or-example): Mark examples
by a property. o
* org-html.el (org-export-html-close-lists-maybe): Check if raw
HTML stuff was actually made from an example
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* Makefile (LISPF): let's not compile files that won't often be used.
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-latex.el: items are no longer skipped when their first line
ends on a protected element.
* org-list.el: protected environments looking like lists are not
exported anymore.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-exp-blocks.el (org-export-blocks-preprocess):
cleanup trailing newline after block
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-exp.el: comment regexp now matches documentation. No more
protection check when deleting comments before export.
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-exp.el (org-export-preprocess-string):
now using `org-export-handle-include-files-recurse' to resolve
included files
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-get-deadlines):
(org-agenda-get-scheduled):
* org.el (org-time-string-to-seconds):
For deadline and scheduled agenda display ignore the cyclic repeater
when calculating how many days late the task is. If you have a weekly
task and miss the date the agenda view will show more than a week late
now instead of resetting on the cyclic repeating date. This makes it
much more obvious when you missed a repeating task after the repeater.
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-exp.el (org-export-mark-blockquote-verse-center):
Consider environments that end at eob.
2010-07-19 Mikael Fornius <mfo@abc.se>
* org.el (org-raise-scripts): Do not fontify sub/superscripts of text
with face `org-special-keyword'. Makes property keys as :LAST_REPEAT:
display correctly.
2010-07-19 Mikael Fornius <mfo@abc.se>
* org.el (org-at-property-p): Use save-match-data macro instead of let.
2010-07-19 Mikael Fornius <mfo@abc.se>
* org.el (test): Removed unused test function.
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-exp-blocks.el (org-export-blocks-preprocess): fixed typo
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-exp-blocks.el (org-export-blocks-postblock-hook): adding
documentation to and turning into a defcustom
2010-07-19 Eric Schulte <schulte.eric@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el (org-get-file-contents): by un-setting prefix1 to ""
instead of to nil we avoid errors when :prefix1 is defined, but
prefix is not.
2010-07-19 Nicolas Goaziou <n.goaziou@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-preprocess): Environments coming
from latex backend specific instructions (#+LaTeX) are already
protected and won't be treated as normal environments.
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-timer.el (org-timer-set-timer): Fix typo in the docstring.
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-timer.el (org-timer-set-timer): Use a prefix argument.
See the docstring of the function.
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-timer.el (org-timer-set-timer): Fix bug about cancelling
timers.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-w3m.el (org-w3m-copy-for-org-mode)
(org-w3m-get-next-link-start, org-w3m-get-prev-link-start):
Get text property directly, not using macro `w3m-anchor'.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-emph-re): Document the match groups.
2010-07-19 Bernt Hansen <bernt@norang.ca>
* org-clock.el (org-clock-in): Set `org-clock-clocking-in' to
t before calling `org-clock-out', so that that function can
know its call context.
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-timer.el (org-timer-default-timer): New variable.
(org-timer-set-timer): Use the new variable. Also offer the
possibility to replace the current timer by a new one.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-kill-note-or-show-branches): Hide subtree before
exposing the headings.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-add-planning-info): Remove the empty line also
if there is no whitespace at all in there.
* org-table.el (org-table-align): Fix alignment of strings
with invisible characters.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org.el (org-refile-cache-get): Return empty list of targets
when cache was cleared.
(org-clone-subtree-with-time-shift): Maybe create ID property
in cloned subtrees.
(org-clone-delete-id): New customization variable.
(org-clone-subtree-with-time-shift): Use customization
variable `org-clone-delete-id'.
(org-clone-subtree-with-time-shift): Remove empty property
drawer in cloned subtrees.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-refile-use-cache): New option.
(org-refile-cache, org-refile-markers): New variable.
(org-refile-marker, org-refile-cache-clear)
(org-refile-cache-check-set, org-refile-cache-put)
(org-refile-cache-get): New function.
(org-get-refile-targets): Use the refile cache.
* org-clock.el (org-clock-sum): Don't include running clock if
the time block is wrong.
2010-07-19 John Wiegley <jwiegley@gmail.com>
* org-clock.el (org-clock-clock-in, org-clock-in): Added
parameter `start-time'.
(org-clock-resolve-clock): Added parameter `clock-out-time'.
If set, and resolve-to is a past time, then the clock out
event occurs at `clock-out-time' rather than at `resolve-to'.
In this case, `resolve-to' becomes the clock in time.
(org-clock-jump-to-current-clock): Created new global command
to reveal the current clock.
(org-clock-resolve): Added new commands g/G and j/J, and a
help window describing all commands and their meaning.
(org-clock-resolve-expert): New customization variable.
(org-find-open-clocks): Fixed a bug that caused discovered
clocks not to match up with the currently active clock.
(org-resolve-clocks): Changed the argument
`also-non-dangling-p' to `only-dangling-p', since due to a bug
this was the default behavior all along.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-id.el (org-id-uuid): New function. Return string with
random (version 4) UUID.
(org-id-method): Make 'uuid the new default value.
(org-id-new): Use `org-id-uuid' if call to uuidgen program
does not return a UUID.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-format-image): Add support
for multicolumn figures in LaTeX.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org.el (org-clone-subtree-with-time-shift): Remove ID
property of original subtree in cloned subtrees.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el (org-export-format-source-code-or-example):
XEmacs compatibility.
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-tables): Accept comma in
align string.
* org-docbook.el (org-export-docbook-xslt-stylesheet): New option.
(org-export-docbook-xslt-proc-command): Fix docstring.
(org-export-docbook-xsl-fo-proc-command): Fix docstring.
(org-export-as-docbook-pdf): Improve
formatting of the xslt command.
* org-exp.el (org-infile-export-plist): Check for XSLT setting.
* org.el (org-file-contents): Improve error message.
(org-set-regexps-and-options): Remove spaces at both ends.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-docbook.el (org-export-as-docbook-pdf): Improve
formatting of the xslt command.
2010-07-19 Sebastian Rose <sebastian_rose@gmx.de>
* org-publish.el (org-publish-cache): Use one big hashmap for
each project defined in `org-publish-project-alist'.
(initialize-files-alist): Function removed.
(org-publish-validate-link): Function removed.
(org-publish-get-base-files): Add variable `sitemap-requested'
to avoid sorting where possible.
(org-publish-get-files): Function removed.
(org-publish-get-project-from-filename): Make independent of
file list.
(org-publish-file): New argument NO-CACHE.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-beginning-of-defun, org-end-of-defun): New
functions.
(org-mode): Install the `org-beginning-of-defun' and
`org-end-of-defun' functions.
(org-pretty-entities): New option.
(org-toggle-pretty-entities): New command.
(org-fontify-entities): New function.
(org-startup-options): New keywords for pretty entities.
(org-set-font-lock-defaults): Call the pretty entities
function.
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-keywords-maybe): Protect the
TODO markup.
2010-07-19 Mikael Fornius <mfo@abc.se>
* org-habit.el (org-habit-build-graph): Help-echo date when
mouse is over stars.
2010-07-19 Jan Bker <jan.boecker@jboecker.de>
* org.el (org-file-apps): Improve docstring to reflect
grouping matches
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-set-startup-visibility): Fix empty line display.
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-links): Use the formatting
function of the link type, if it is available.
* org-table.el (org-table-get-remote-range): Return to
original buffer when retrieving remote reference.
* org.el (org-display-inline-images): Do the entire buffer,
not just the narrowed region. Clear the cache.
(org-display-inline-images): Match mode file paths.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-wl.el (org-wl-store-link-folder): Don't throw error when
called on WL folder group.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-replace-escapes): Make sure the cdr is not nil.
(org-read-date): Make `M-v' and `C-v' scroll the popup calendar.
(org-mode): Revert comment syntax changes.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-sparse-tree): Make `C-c / t' search for all TODO
keywords, and `C-c / T' for a specific one.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-mode): Fix comment syntax settings.
* org-src.el (org-edit-src-allow-write-back-p): Define
variable.
* org.el (org-inline-image-overlays): New variable.
(org-toggle-inline-images, org-display-inline-images)
(org-remove-inline-images): New commands.
(org-mode-map): Define a key for `org-toggle-inline-images'.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-wl.el (org-wl-message-field): New function. Return
content of header field in message entity.
(org-wl-store-link): Call `org-wl-store-link-folder' or
`org-wl-store-link-message' depending on major-mode.
(org-wl-store-link-folder): New function. Store link to
Wanderlust folder.
(org-wl-store-link-message): New function. Store link to
Wanderlust message.
(org-wl-store-link-message): Store link to message while
visiting message.
(org-wl-open): Don't try to jump to message when opening a
folder link.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org.el (org-replace-escapes): Avoid infinite loop when
replace string contains escape sequence it replaces.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-crypt.el (org-crypt-key-for-heading): Use symmetric
encryption when now key is set.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-table.el (org-table-recalculate-buffer-tables)
(org-table-iterate-buffer-tables): New commands.
* org.el (org-check-for-hidden): When there is a region, skip
the check.
2010-07-19 Dan Davison <davison@stats.ox.ac.uk>
* org-src.el (org-edit-src-code): allow-write-back-p had
erroneously been omitted from let binding
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-agenda.el (org-sorting-choice): New sorting type alpha.
(org-cmp-alpha): New defsubst.
(org-em): New defsubst.
(org-entries-lessp): Only compute needed comparisons.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-html.el (org-format-org-table-html): Test all columns
for number content.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-treat-sub-super-char): Make
sure parenthesis matching is consistent.
* org-table.el (org-table-colgroup-line-p)
(org-table-cookie-line-p): New functions.
* org-exp.el (org-table-clean-before-export): Better tests for
colgroup and cookie lines.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-goto): Push a mark before changing
the position.
* org-footnote.el (org-footnote): New group.
(org-footnote-section)
(org-footnote-tag-for-non-org-mode-files): Fix typos.
* org-list.el (org-end-of-item-text-before-children): Also do
the right thing at the end of a file.
* org.el (org-set-packages-alist, org-get-packages-alist): New
function.
(org-export-latex-default-packages-alist)
(org-export-latex-packages-alist): Add extra flag to
each package, indicating if it should be used for snippets.
(org-create-formula-image): Add the snippet argument.
(org-splice-latex-header): New argument SNIPPET-P, pass it
through to `org-latex-packages-to-string'.
(org-latex-packages-to-string): New argument SNIPPET-P.
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-make-header): Add the snippet
argument.
* org-docbook.el (org-export-as-docbook): Implement ordered
lists starting at some offset.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-link-types, org-open-at-point): Add doi links.
* org-ascii.el (org-export-ascii-preprocess): Remove list
startcounter cookies.
* org-list.el (org-renumber-ordered-list): Respect counter
start values.
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-lists): Accept ordered list
item offset cookie.
* org-html.el (org-export-as-html): Accept ordered list
item offset cookie.
* org-indent.el (org-indent-mode): Turn off `indent-tabs-mode'
which messes up alignment of tags.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-clock.el (org-clock-cancel, org-clock-out): Make sure
the modeline display is removed.
* org-exp.el (org-export-format-drawer-function): Fix
docstring.
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-refile): New optional argument
NO-UPDATE.
(org-agenda-refile): Call `org-agenda-redo' unless NO-UPDATE
is set.
(org-agenda-bulk-action): Call the refile command with updates
suppressed - but arrange for `org-agenda-redo' to be called at
the end.
* org.el (org-mode): Make table mapping quiet.
(org-table-map-tables): New optional argument QUIETLY.
* org-ascii.el (org-export-ascii-preprocess): Make table
mapping quiet.
* org-html.el (org-export-as-html, org-html-level-start): Change
XHTML IDs to not use dots.
* org-exp.el (org-export-define-heading-targets): Change
XHTML IDs to not use dots.
* org-docbook.el (org-export-docbook-level-start): Change
XHTML IDs to not use dots.
* org-latex.el (org-export-as-latex): Make sure that the
result buffer is in latex-mode.
* org.el (org-shiftup-final-hook, org-shiftdown-final-hook)
(org-shiftleft-final-hook, org-shiftright-final-hook): New
hooks.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-table.el (org-table-justify-field-maybe): Make sure that
inserting a value does not turn a line into a hline.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-clock.el (org-clock-sum): New argument HEADLINE-FILTER.
(org-clock-sum): Add property to selected headlines.
(org-dblock-write:clocktable): Make tags matcher.
* org.el (org-set-autofill-regexps): XEmacs compatibility.
* org-latex.el (org-export-latex-set-initial-vars): Allow "-"
in latex class definitions
* org.el (org-shiftup-hook, org-shiftdown-hook)
(org-shiftleft-hook, org-shiftright-hook): New hooks.
* org-entities.el (org-entities): Use \land and \lor for logical
operators.
* org.el (org-shiftmetaleft, org-shiftmetaright): Call the subtree
indentation commands.
(org-hidden-tree-error): New defsubst.
(org-metaleft, org-metaright): Check for hidden stuff and throw an
error.
(org-check-for-hidden): New function.
* org-list.el (org-item-re): New function.
(org-at-item-p): Use `org-item-re'.
(org-end-of-item-text-before-children): New function.
(org-outdent-item, org-indent-item): Arrange for leaving the
subtree alone.
(org-outdent-item-tree, org-indent-item-tree): New argument
NO-SUBTREE.
(org-indent-item-tree): Use `org-end-of-item-text-before-children'
to find the end for processing while ignoring the subtree.
* org-publish.el (org-publish-sitemap-sort-alphabetically)
(org-publish-sitemap-sort-folders)
(org-publish-sitemap-sort-ignore-case): New options.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-publish.el (org-publish-compare-directory-files): Fix sorting.
* org-compat.el (org-get-x-clipboard-compat): Use (featurep 'xemacs).
* org-publish.el (org-publish-project-alist): Update docstring.
(org-publish-file-title-cache): New variable.
(org-publish-initialize-files-alist): Initialize
`org-publish-initialize-files-alist' to nil.
(org-publish-sort-directory-files): New function.
(org-publish-projects): Access the new properties.
(org-publish-find-title): Use the file title cache.
(org-publish-find-title): Build the file title cache.
(org-publish-get-base-files-1): Sort files.
(org-publish-aux-preprocess): Do not throw an error when before
the first headline. Allow an empty target, meaning to link just
to the file.
(org-publish-index-generate-theindex.inc): Check if there is
actually a target and only then add it to the link.
(org-publish-projects): Fix a remaining issue with the last commit
* org-html.el (org-export-as-html): Treat verse as open/close
paragraph.
(org-export-html-close-lists-maybe): Allow to splice raw HTML into
and out of lists.
2010-07-19 Dan Davison <davison@stats.ox.ac.uk>
* org-src.el (org-edit-src-code): Allow the org-src edit buffer to
be used in a read-only mode.
(org-edit-src-code): Different message in read-only mode
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-src.el (org-edit-src-find-region-and-lang): Test for
table.el as late as possible.
* org-colview-xemacs.el: Make sure this file is never loaded into
Emacs. Remove all tests for XEmacs.
* org-colview.el: Make sure this file is never loaded into XEmacs.
* org-agenda.el (org-highlight, org-unhighlight): Use direct
overlay calls.
* org.el (org-key): Apply the translations defined in
`org-xemacs-key-equivalents'.
* org-mouse.el (org-mode-hook): Use `org-defkey'.
* org-compat.el (org-xemacs-key-equivalents): New constant.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-inlinetask.el (org-inlinetask-defaut-state): New option.
(org-inlinetask-insert-task): Use `org-inlinetask-defaut-state'.
Obey `org-odd-levels-only'.
* org-compat.el (org-find-overlays): Use overlays-in/at.
* org.el (org-remove-empty-overlays-at)
(org-outline-overlay-data, org-hide-block-toggle)
(org-format-latex, org-context): Use overlays-in/at.
* org-src.el (org-edit-src-exit): Use overlays-in/at.
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-mark-clocking-task)
(org-agenda-fontify-priorities, org-agenda-dim-blocked-tasks)
(org-agenda-entry-text-hide)
(org-agenda-fix-tags-filter-overlays-at)
(org-agenda-bulk-remove-overlays): Use overlays-in/at.
* org-compat.el (org-overlays-at): Function removed.
(org-overlays-in): Function removed.
2010-07-19 Bastien Guerry <bzg@altern.org>
* org-clock.el (org-clock-set-current): Just return the headline
itself, strip the TODO keyword, the priority cookie and the tags.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-compat.el (org-xemacs-without-invisibility): New macro.
(org-xemacs-without-invisibility): New macro.
(org-indent-to-column, org-indent-line-to, org-move-to-column):
Redefine using the macro `org-xemacs-without-invisibility'.
* org.el (org-mode, org-org-menu): Use `add-to-invisibility-spec'.
* org-table.el (orgtbl-mode): Use `add-to-invisibility-spec'.
* org-compat.el (org-make-overlay, org-delete-overlay)
(org-overlay-start, org-overlay-end, org-overlay-put)
(org-overlay-get, org-overlay-move, org-overlay-buffer): Functions
removed.
(org-add-to-invisibility-spec): Function removed.
* org-html.el (org-export-as-html-and-open): Add argument to
kill-buffer.
* org-habit.el (require): `calendar' is now required already by
org.el on top level.
* org-clock.el (require): `calendar' is now required already by
org.el on top level.
* org-agenda.el (require, org-timeline, org-agenda-list)
(org-todo-list, org-agenda-to-appt): `calendar' is now required
already by org.el on top level.
* org.el (org-export-latex-fix-inputenc): Declare function.
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-goto-calendar): Do not bind obsolete
variables.
* org.el (calendar): Require calendar now on top level in org.el
and define aliases to new variables when needed.
(org-read-date, org-goto-calendar): Do not bind obsolete
variables.
* org-clock.el (org-clock-out, org-clock-cancel): Get rid of
compilation warning, add comment that this cannot be done with
`with-current-buffer'.
* org-wl.el (org-wl-open): Use `with-current-buffer'.
* org.el (overlay, org-remove-empty-overlays-at)
(org-outline-overlay-data, org-set-outline-overlay-data)
(org-show-block-all, org-hide-block-toggle)
(org-highlight-new-match, org-remove-occur-highlights)
(org-tags-overlay, org-fast-tag-selection, org-date-ovl)
(org-read-date, org-read-date-display, org-eval-in-calendar)
(org-format-latex, org-context)
(org-speedbar-restriction-lock-overlay)
(org-speedbar-set-agenda-restriction): Use the normal overlay API.
* org-table.el (org-table-add-rectangle-overlay)
(org-table-remove-rectangle-highlight)
(org-table-overlay-coordinates)
(org-table-toggle-coordinate-overlays): Use the normal overlay
API.
* org-src.el (org-edit-src-code, org-edit-fixed-width-region)
(org-edit-src-exit, org-src-mode-configure-edit-buffer): Use the
normal overlay API.
* org-colview.el (org-columns-new-overlay)
(org-columns-display-here, org-columns-remove-overlays)
(org-columns-edit-value, org-columns-next-allowed-value)
(org-columns-update): Use the normal overlay API.
* org-clock.el (org-clock-out, org-clock-cancel)
(org-clock-put-overlay, org-clock-remove-overlays): Use the normal
overlay API.
* org-agenda.el (org-agenda-mark-filtered-text)
(org-agenda-mark-clocking-task, org-agenda-fontify-priorities)
(org-agenda-dim-blocked-tasks, org-agenda-entry-text-show-here)
(org-agenda-entry-text-hide)
(org-agenda-restriction-lock-overlay)
(org-agenda-set-restriction-lock)
(org-agenda-filter-by-tag-hide-line)
(org-agenda-fix-tags-filter-overlays-at)
(org-agenda-filter-by-tag-show-all, org-hl)
(org-agenda-goto-calendar, org-agenda-bulk-mark)
(org-agenda-bulk-remove-overlays): Use the normal overlay API.
* org-freemind.el (org-freemind-from-org-mode-node)
(org-freemind-from-org-mode, )
(org-freemind-from-org-sparse-tree, org-freemind-to-org-mode): Use
interactive-p instead of called-interactively, because this is
backward compatible with older Emacsen I still support..
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-exp.el (org-export-define-heading-targets): Fix bug in
regexp finding ID and CUSTOM_ID properties.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-footnote.el (org-footnote-goto-previous-reference): Renamed
from `org-footnote-goto-next-reference'.
* org.el (org-auto-repeat-maybe): Only record LAST_REPEAT if
org-log-repeat is non-nil, or if there is clocking data in the
entry.
* org-crypt.el (org-encrypt-entry): Improve mapping behavior.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-align-all-tags): New command.
2010-07-19 David Maus <dmaus@ictsoc.de>
* org-wl.el (org-wl-link-remove-filter): New customizable
variable. If non-nil, filter conditions are stripped when storing
link to message in filter folder.
(org-wl-shimbun-prefer-web-links): New customizable variable. If
non-nil, links to shimbun messages are created as web links to
message source.
(org-wl-nntp-prefer-web-links): New customizable variable. If
non-nil, links to nntp message are created as web links to gmane
or googlegroups.
(org-wl-namazu-default-index): New customizable variable.
Directory of namazu search index that should be used as default
when opening a link in a search folder.
(org-wl-folder-types): New constant. Wanderlust folder type
indicators.
(org-wl-folder-type): New function. Return type of Wanderlust
folder.
(org-wl-store-link): Create web links for shimbun or nntp messages
and strip filter conditions depending on customizable variables.
(org-wl-open): Open namazu search folder for message when called
with prefix.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-remove-if, org-remove-if-not): New functions.
(org-open-file): Use internal remove-if functions.
2010-07-19 Jan Bcker <jan.boecker@jboecker.de>
* org.el (org-file-apps-entry-match-against-dlink-p): new function.
(org-file-apps-ex): remove variable.
(org-open-file): Integrate org-file-apps-ex functionality back
into org-file-apps, and decide whether to match a regexp against
the link or the filename using org-file-apps-entry-uses-grouping-p.
2010-07-19 Jan Bcker <jan.boecker@jboecker.de>
* org.el (org-file-apps-ex): new variable.
(org-open-file): Before considering org-file-apps, first match the
regexps from org-file-apps-ex against the whole link. See
docstring of org-file-apps-ex.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.el (org-export-latex-default-packages-alist): Remove
microtype package.
(org-todo-repeat-to-state): New variable.
(org-auto-repeat-maybe): Allow user-selected target states.
(org-default-properties): Add the new property REPEAT_TO_STATE.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org-mobile.el (org-mobile-check-setup): Make sure that there is
a binary to compute checksums.
2010-07-19 Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com>
* org.texi: Add macros to get plain quotes in PDF output.
List additional contributors.
(Capture): New section, replaces the section about remember.
(Working With Source Code): New chapter, focused on documenting Org
Babel.
(Code evaluation security): New section.
(MobileOrg): Document DropBox support.
(TaskJuggler export): Document taskjuggler and Gantt chart support.
(Special symbols): Show how to display UTF8 characters for entities.
(Global TODO list): Clarify the use of the "M" key and the differences
to the "m" key.
(RSS Feeds): Mention Atom feeds as well.
(Setting tags): Remove paragraph about
`org-complete-tags-always-offer-all-agenda-tags'.
author | Carsten Dominik <carsten.dominik@gmail.com> |
---|---|
date | Mon, 19 Jul 2010 11:47:27 +0200 |
parents | 23a1cea22d13 |
children |
rev | line source |
---|---|
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
25853
diff
changeset
|
1 Why Software Should Not Have Owners |
25853 | 2 |
3 by Richard Stallman | |
4 | |
5 Digital information technology contributes to the world by making it | |
6 easier to copy and modify information. Computers promise to make this | |
7 easier for all of us. | |
8 | |
9 Not everyone wants it to be easier. The system of copyright gives | |
10 software programs "owners", most of whom aim to withhold software's | |
11 potential benefit from the rest of the public. They would like to be | |
12 the only ones who can copy and modify the software that we use. | |
13 | |
14 The copyright system grew up with printing--a technology for mass | |
15 production copying. Copyright fit in well with this technology | |
16 because it restricted only the mass producers of copies. It did not | |
17 take freedom away from readers of books. An ordinary reader, who did | |
18 not own a printing press, could copy books only with pen and ink, and | |
19 few readers were sued for that. | |
20 | |
21 Digital technology is more flexible than the printing press: when | |
22 information has digital form, you can easily copy it to share it with | |
23 others. This very flexibility makes a bad fit with a system like | |
24 copyright. That's the reason for the increasingly nasty and draconian | |
25 measures now used to enforce software copyright. Consider these four | |
26 practices of the Software Publishers Association (SPA): | |
27 | |
28 * Massive propaganda saying it is wrong to disobey the owners | |
29 to help your friend. | |
30 | |
31 * Solicitation for stool pigeons to inform on their coworkers and | |
32 colleagues. | |
33 | |
34 * Raids (with police help) on offices and schools, in which people are | |
35 told they must prove they are innocent of illegal copying. | |
36 | |
37 * Prosecution (by the US government, at the SPA's request) of people | |
38 such as MIT's David LaMacchia, not for copying software (he is not | |
39 accused of copying any), but merely for leaving copying facilities | |
40 unguarded and failing to censor their use. | |
41 | |
42 All four practices resemble those used in the former Soviet Union, | |
43 where every copying machine had a guard to prevent forbidden copying, | |
44 and where individuals had to copy information secretly and pass it | |
45 from hand to hand as "samizdat". There is of course a difference: the | |
46 motive for information control in the Soviet Union was political; in | |
47 the US the motive is profit. But it is the actions that affect us, | |
48 not the motive. Any attempt to block the sharing of information, no | |
49 matter why, leads to the same methods and the same harshness. | |
50 | |
51 Owners make several kinds of arguments for giving them the power | |
52 to control how we use information: | |
53 | |
54 * Name calling. | |
55 | |
56 Owners use smear words such as "piracy" and "theft", as well as expert | |
57 terminology such as "intellectual property" and "damage", to suggest a | |
58 certain line of thinking to the public--a simplistic analogy between | |
59 programs and physical objects. | |
60 | |
61 Our ideas and intuitions about property for material objects are about | |
62 whether it is right to *take an object away* from someone else. They | |
63 don't directly apply to *making a copy* of something. But the owners | |
64 ask us to apply them anyway. | |
65 | |
66 * Exaggeration. | |
67 | |
68 Owners say that they suffer "harm" or "economic loss" when users copy | |
69 programs themselves. But the copying has no direct effect on the | |
70 owner, and it harms no one. The owner can lose only if the person who | |
71 made the copy would otherwise have paid for one from the owner. | |
72 | |
73 A little thought shows that most such people would not have bought | |
74 copies. Yet the owners compute their "losses" as if each and every | |
75 one would have bought a copy. That is exaggeration--to put it kindly. | |
76 | |
77 * The law. | |
78 | |
79 Owners often describe the current state of the law, and the harsh | |
80 penalties they can threaten us with. Implicit in this approach is the | |
81 suggestion that today's law reflects an unquestionable view of | |
82 morality--yet at the same time, we are urged to regard these penalties | |
83 as facts of nature that can't be blamed on anyone. | |
84 | |
85 This line of persuasion isn't designed to stand up to critical | |
86 thinking; it's intended to reinforce a habitual mental pathway. | |
87 | |
88 It's elemental that laws don't decide right and wrong. Every American | |
89 should know that, forty years ago, it was against the law in many | |
90 states for a black person to sit in the front of a bus; but only | |
91 racists would say sitting there was wrong. | |
92 | |
93 * Natural rights. | |
94 | |
95 Authors often claim a special connection with programs they have | |
96 written, and go on to assert that, as a result, their desires and | |
97 interests concerning the program simply outweigh those of anyone | |
98 else--or even those of the whole rest of the world. (Typically | |
99 companies, not authors, hold the copyrights on software, but we are | |
100 expected to ignore this discrepancy.) | |
101 | |
102 To those who propose this as an ethical axiom--the author is more | |
103 important than you--I can only say that I, a notable software author | |
104 myself, call it bunk. | |
105 | |
106 But people in general are only likely to feel any sympathy with the | |
107 natural rights claims for two reasons. | |
108 | |
109 One reason is an overstretched analogy with material objects. When I | |
110 cook spaghetti, I do object if someone else takes it and stops me from | |
111 eating it. In this case, that person and I have the same material | |
112 interests at stake, and it's a zero-sum game. The smallest | |
113 distinction between us is enough to tip the ethical balance. | |
114 | |
115 But whether you run or change a program I wrote affects you directly | |
116 and me only indirectly. Whether you give a copy to your friend | |
117 affects you and your friend much more than it affects me. I shouldn't | |
118 have the power to tell you not to do these things. No one should. | |
119 | |
120 The second reason is that people have been told that natural rights | |
121 for authors is the accepted and unquestioned tradition of our society. | |
122 | |
123 As a matter of history, the opposite is true. The idea of natural | |
124 rights of authors was proposed and decisively rejected when the US | |
125 Constitution was drawn up. That's why the Constitution only *permits* | |
126 a system of copyright and does not *require* one; that's why it says | |
127 that copyright must be temporary. It also states that the purpose of | |
128 copyright is to promote progress--not to reward authors. Copyright | |
129 does reward authors somewhat, and publishers more, but that is | |
130 intended as a means of modifying their behavior. | |
131 | |
132 The real established tradition of our society is that copyright cuts | |
133 into the natural rights of the public--and that this can only be | |
134 justified for the public's sake. | |
135 | |
136 * Economics. | |
137 | |
138 The final argument made for having owners of software is that this | |
139 leads to production of more software. | |
140 | |
141 Unlike the others, this argument at least takes a legitimate approach | |
142 to the subject. It is based on a valid goal--satisfying the users of | |
143 software. And it is empirically clear that people will produce more of | |
144 something if they are well paid for doing so. | |
145 | |
146 But the economic argument has a flaw: it is based on the assumption | |
147 that the difference is only a matter of how much money we have to pay. | |
148 It assumes that "production of software" is what we want, whether the | |
149 software has owners or not. | |
150 | |
151 People readily accept this assumption because it accords with our | |
152 experiences with material objects. Consider a sandwich, for instance. | |
153 You might well be able to get an equivalent sandwich either free or | |
154 for a price. If so, the amount you pay is the only difference. | |
155 Whether or not you have to buy it, the sandwich has the same taste, | |
156 the same nutritional value, and in either case you can only eat it | |
157 once. Whether you get the sandwich from an owner or not cannot | |
158 directly affect anything but the amount of money you have afterwards. | |
159 | |
160 This is true for any kind of material object--whether or not it has an | |
161 owner does not directly affect what it *is*, or what you can do with | |
162 it if you acquire it. | |
163 | |
164 But if a program has an owner, this very much affects what it is, and | |
165 what you can do with a copy if you buy one. The difference is not | |
166 just a matter of money. The system of owners of software encourages | |
167 software owners to produce something--but not what society really | |
168 needs. And it causes intangible ethical pollution that affects us | |
169 all. | |
170 | |
171 What does society need? It needs information that is truly available | |
172 to its citizens--for example, programs that people can read, fix, | |
173 adapt, and improve, not just operate. But what software owners | |
174 typically deliver is a black box that we can't study or change. | |
175 | |
176 Society also needs freedom. When a program has an owner, the users | |
177 lose freedom to control part of their own lives. | |
178 | |
179 And above all society needs to encourage the spirit of voluntary | |
180 cooperation in its citizens. When software owners tell us that | |
181 helping our neighbors in a natural way is "piracy", they pollute our | |
182 society's civic spirit. | |
183 | |
184 This is why we say that free software is a matter of freedom, not | |
185 price. | |
186 | |
187 The economic argument for owners is erroneous, but the economic issue | |
188 is real. Some people write useful software for the pleasure of | |
189 writing it or for admiration and love; but if we want more software | |
190 than those people write, we need to raise funds. | |
191 | |
192 For ten years now, free software developers have tried various methods | |
193 of finding funds, with some success. There's no need to make anyone | |
194 rich; the median US family income, around $35k, proves to be enough | |
195 incentive for many jobs that are less satisfying than programming. | |
196 | |
197 For years, until a fellowship made it unnecessary, I made a living | |
198 from custom enhancements of the free software I had written. Each | |
199 enhancement was added to the standard released version and thus | |
200 eventually became available to the general public. Clients paid me so | |
201 that I would work on the enhancements they wanted, rather than on the | |
202 features I would otherwise have considered highest priority. | |
203 | |
204 The Free Software Foundation, a tax-exempt charity for free software | |
205 development, raises funds by selling CD-ROMs, tapes and manuals (all | |
206 of which users are free to copy and change), as well as from | |
207 donations. It now has a staff of five programmers, plus three | |
208 employees who handle mail orders. | |
209 | |
210 Some free software developers make money by selling support services. | |
211 Cygnus Support, with around 50 employees, estimates that about 15 per | |
212 cent of its staff activity is free software development--a respectable | |
213 percentage for a software company. | |
214 | |
215 Companies including Intel, Motorola, Texas Instruments and Analog | |
216 Devices have combined to fund the continued development of the free | |
217 GNU compiler for the language C. Meanwhile, the GNU compiler for the | |
218 Ada language is being funded by the US Air Force, which believes this | |
219 is the most cost-effective way to get a high quality compiler. | |
220 | |
221 All these examples are small; the free software movement is still | |
222 small, and still young. But the example of listener-supported radio | |
223 in this country shows it's possible to support a large activity | |
224 without forcing each user to pay. | |
225 | |
226 As a computer user today, you may find yourself using a proprietary | |
227 program. If your friend asks to make a copy, it would be wrong to | |
228 refuse. Cooperation is more important than copyright. But | |
229 underground, closet cooperation does not make for a good society. A | |
230 person should aspire to live an upright life openly with pride, and | |
231 this means saying "No" to proprietary software. | |
232 | |
233 You deserve to be able to cooperate openly and freely with other | |
234 people who use software. You deserve to be able to learn how the | |
235 software works, and to teach your students with it. You deserve to be | |
236 able to hire your favorite programmer to fix it when it breaks. | |
237 | |
238 You deserve free software. | |
239 | |
240 | |
241 Copyright 1994 Richard Stallman | |
242 Verbatim copying and redistribution is permitted | |
243 without royalty as long as this notice is preserved; | |
244 alteration is not permitted. |