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annotate lispref/modes.texi @ 76891:b219eac092dd
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6451 | 1 @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. | |
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2001, |
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4 @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6451 | 5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions. |
6 @setfilename ../info/modes | |
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7 @node Modes, Documentation, Keymaps, Top |
6451 | 8 @chapter Major and Minor Modes |
9 @cindex mode | |
10 | |
11 A @dfn{mode} is a set of definitions that customize Emacs and can be | |
12 turned on and off while you edit. There are two varieties of modes: | |
13 @dfn{major modes}, which are mutually exclusive and used for editing | |
14 particular kinds of text, and @dfn{minor modes}, which provide features | |
15 that users can enable individually. | |
16 | |
17 This chapter describes how to write both major and minor modes, how to | |
18 indicate them in the mode line, and how they run hooks supplied by the | |
19 user. For related topics such as keymaps and syntax tables, see | |
20 @ref{Keymaps}, and @ref{Syntax Tables}. | |
21 | |
22 @menu | |
62345 | 23 * Hooks:: How to use hooks; how to write code that provides hooks. |
6451 | 24 * Major Modes:: Defining major modes. |
25 * Minor Modes:: Defining minor modes. | |
26 * Mode Line Format:: Customizing the text that appears in the mode line. | |
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27 * Imenu:: How a mode can provide a menu |
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28 of definitions in the buffer. |
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29 * Font Lock Mode:: How modes can highlight text according to syntax. |
55414 | 30 * Desktop Save Mode:: How modes can have buffer state saved between |
31 Emacs sessions. | |
6451 | 32 @end menu |
33 | |
62345 | 34 @node Hooks |
35 @section Hooks | |
36 @cindex hooks | |
37 | |
38 A @dfn{hook} is a variable where you can store a function or functions | |
39 to be called on a particular occasion by an existing program. Emacs | |
40 provides hooks for the sake of customization. Most often, hooks are set | |
41 up in the init file (@pxref{Init File}), but Lisp programs can set them also. | |
42 @xref{Standard Hooks}, for a list of standard hook variables. | |
43 | |
44 @cindex normal hook | |
45 Most of the hooks in Emacs are @dfn{normal hooks}. These variables | |
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46 contain lists of functions to be called with no arguments. By |
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47 convention, whenever the hook name ends in @samp{-hook}, that tells |
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48 you it is normal. We try to make all hooks normal, as much as |
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49 possible, so that you can use them in a uniform way. |
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50 |
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51 Every major mode function is supposed to run a normal hook called |
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52 the @dfn{mode hook} as the one of the last steps of initialization. |
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53 This makes it easy for a user to customize the behavior of the mode, |
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54 by overriding the buffer-local variable assignments already made by |
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55 the mode. Most minor mode functions also run a mode hook at the end. |
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56 But hooks are used in other contexts too. For example, the hook |
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57 @code{suspend-hook} runs just before Emacs suspends itself |
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58 (@pxref{Suspending Emacs}). |
62345 | 59 |
60 The recommended way to add a hook function to a normal hook is by | |
61 calling @code{add-hook} (see below). The hook functions may be any of | |
62 the valid kinds of functions that @code{funcall} accepts (@pxref{What | |
63 Is a Function}). Most normal hook variables are initially void; | |
64 @code{add-hook} knows how to deal with this. You can add hooks either | |
65 globally or buffer-locally with @code{add-hook}. | |
66 | |
67 @cindex abnormal hook | |
68 If the hook variable's name does not end with @samp{-hook}, that | |
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69 indicates it is probably an @dfn{abnormal hook}. That means the hook |
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70 functions are called with arguments, or their return values are used |
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71 in some way. The hook's documentation says how the functions are |
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72 called. You can use @code{add-hook} to add a function to an abnormal |
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73 hook, but you must write the function to follow the hook's calling |
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74 convention. |
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75 |
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76 By convention, abnormal hook names end in @samp{-functions} or |
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77 @samp{-hooks}. If the variable's name ends in @samp{-function}, then |
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78 its value is just a single function, not a list of functions. |
62345 | 79 |
80 Here's an example that uses a mode hook to turn on Auto Fill mode when | |
81 in Lisp Interaction mode: | |
82 | |
83 @example | |
84 (add-hook 'lisp-interaction-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill) | |
85 @end example | |
86 | |
87 At the appropriate time, Emacs uses the @code{run-hooks} function to | |
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88 run particular hooks. |
62345 | 89 |
90 @defun run-hooks &rest hookvars | |
91 This function takes one or more normal hook variable names as | |
92 arguments, and runs each hook in turn. Each argument should be a | |
93 symbol that is a normal hook variable. These arguments are processed | |
94 in the order specified. | |
95 | |
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96 If a hook variable has a non-@code{nil} value, that value should be a |
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97 list of functions. @code{run-hooks} calls all the functions, one by |
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98 one, with no arguments. |
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99 |
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100 The hook variable's value can also be a single function---either a |
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101 lambda expression or a symbol with a function definition---which |
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102 @code{run-hooks} calls. But this usage is obsolete. |
62345 | 103 @end defun |
104 | |
105 @defun run-hook-with-args hook &rest args | |
106 This function is the way to run an abnormal hook and always call all | |
107 of the hook functions. It calls each of the hook functions one by | |
108 one, passing each of them the arguments @var{args}. | |
109 @end defun | |
110 | |
111 @defun run-hook-with-args-until-failure hook &rest args | |
112 This function is the way to run an abnormal hook until one of the hook | |
113 functions fails. It calls each of the hook functions, passing each of | |
114 them the arguments @var{args}, until some hook function returns | |
115 @code{nil}. It then stops and returns @code{nil}. If none of the | |
116 hook functions return @code{nil}, it returns a non-@code{nil} value. | |
117 @end defun | |
118 | |
119 @defun run-hook-with-args-until-success hook &rest args | |
120 This function is the way to run an abnormal hook until a hook function | |
121 succeeds. It calls each of the hook functions, passing each of them | |
122 the arguments @var{args}, until some hook function returns | |
123 non-@code{nil}. Then it stops, and returns whatever was returned by | |
124 the last hook function that was called. If all hook functions return | |
125 @code{nil}, it returns @code{nil} as well. | |
126 @end defun | |
127 | |
128 @defun add-hook hook function &optional append local | |
129 This function is the handy way to add function @var{function} to hook | |
130 variable @var{hook}. You can use it for abnormal hooks as well as for | |
131 normal hooks. @var{function} can be any Lisp function that can accept | |
132 the proper number of arguments for @var{hook}. For example, | |
133 | |
134 @example | |
135 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'my-text-hook-function) | |
136 @end example | |
137 | |
138 @noindent | |
139 adds @code{my-text-hook-function} to the hook called @code{text-mode-hook}. | |
140 | |
141 If @var{function} is already present in @var{hook} (comparing using | |
142 @code{equal}), then @code{add-hook} does not add it a second time. | |
143 | |
144 It is best to design your hook functions so that the order in which they | |
145 are executed does not matter. Any dependence on the order is ``asking | |
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146 for trouble.'' However, the order is predictable: normally, |
62345 | 147 @var{function} goes at the front of the hook list, so it will be |
148 executed first (barring another @code{add-hook} call). If the optional | |
149 argument @var{append} is non-@code{nil}, the new hook function goes at | |
150 the end of the hook list and will be executed last. | |
151 | |
152 @code{add-hook} can handle the cases where @var{hook} is void or its | |
153 value is a single function; it sets or changes the value to a list of | |
154 functions. | |
155 | |
156 If @var{local} is non-@code{nil}, that says to add @var{function} to | |
157 the buffer-local hook list instead of to the global hook list. If | |
158 needed, this makes the hook buffer-local and adds @code{t} to the | |
159 buffer-local value. The latter acts as a flag to run the hook | |
160 functions in the default value as well as in the local value. | |
161 @end defun | |
162 | |
163 @defun remove-hook hook function &optional local | |
164 This function removes @var{function} from the hook variable | |
165 @var{hook}. It compares @var{function} with elements of @var{hook} | |
166 using @code{equal}, so it works for both symbols and lambda | |
167 expressions. | |
168 | |
169 If @var{local} is non-@code{nil}, that says to remove @var{function} | |
170 from the buffer-local hook list instead of from the global hook list. | |
171 @end defun | |
172 | |
6451 | 173 @node Major Modes |
174 @section Major Modes | |
175 @cindex major mode | |
176 | |
177 Major modes specialize Emacs for editing particular kinds of text. | |
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178 Each buffer has only one major mode at a time. For each major mode |
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179 there is a function to switch to that mode in the current buffer; its |
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180 name should end in @samp{-mode}. These functions work by setting |
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181 buffer-local variable bindings and other data associated with the |
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182 buffer, such as a local keymap. The effect lasts until you switch |
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183 to another major mode in the same buffer. |
6451 | 184 |
62345 | 185 @menu |
186 * Major Mode Basics:: | |
187 * Major Mode Conventions:: Coding conventions for keymaps, etc. | |
188 * Auto Major Mode:: How Emacs chooses the major mode automatically. | |
189 * Mode Help:: Finding out how to use a mode. | |
190 * Derived Modes:: Defining a new major mode based on another major | |
191 mode. | |
192 * Generic Modes:: Defining a simple major mode that supports | |
193 comment syntax and Font Lock mode. | |
194 * Mode Hooks:: Hooks run at the end of major mode functions. | |
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195 * Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes. |
62345 | 196 @end menu |
197 | |
198 @node Major Mode Basics | |
199 @subsection Major Mode Basics | |
200 @cindex Fundamental mode | |
201 | |
6451 | 202 The least specialized major mode is called @dfn{Fundamental mode}. |
203 This mode has no mode-specific definitions or variable settings, so each | |
204 Emacs command behaves in its default manner, and each option is in its | |
205 default state. All other major modes redefine various keys and options. | |
206 For example, Lisp Interaction mode provides special key bindings for | |
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207 @kbd{C-j} (@code{eval-print-last-sexp}), @key{TAB} |
6451 | 208 (@code{lisp-indent-line}), and other keys. |
209 | |
210 When you need to write several editing commands to help you perform a | |
211 specialized editing task, creating a new major mode is usually a good | |
212 idea. In practice, writing a major mode is easy (in contrast to | |
213 writing a minor mode, which is often difficult). | |
214 | |
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215 If the new mode is similar to an old one, it is often unwise to |
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216 modify the old one to serve two purposes, since it may become harder |
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217 to use and maintain. Instead, copy and rename an existing major mode |
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218 definition and alter the copy---or use @code{define-derived-mode} to |
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219 define a @dfn{derived mode} (@pxref{Derived Modes}). For example, |
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220 Rmail Edit mode is a major mode that is very similar to Text mode |
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221 except that it provides two additional commands. Its definition is |
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222 distinct from that of Text mode, but uses that of Text mode. |
6451 | 223 |
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224 Even if the new mode is not an obvious derivative of any other mode, |
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225 it is convenient to use @code{define-derived-mode} with a @code{nil} |
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226 parent argument, since it automatically enforces the most important |
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227 coding conventions for you. |
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228 |
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229 For a very simple programming language major mode that handles |
62259 | 230 comments and fontification, you can use @code{define-generic-mode}. |
231 @xref{Generic Modes}. | |
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232 |
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233 Rmail Edit mode offers an example of changing the major mode |
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234 temporarily for a buffer, so it can be edited in a different way (with |
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235 ordinary Emacs commands rather than Rmail commands). In such cases, the |
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236 temporary major mode usually provides a command to switch back to the |
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237 buffer's usual mode (Rmail mode, in this case). You might be tempted to |
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238 present the temporary redefinitions inside a recursive edit and restore |
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239 the usual ones when the user exits; but this is a bad idea because it |
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240 constrains the user's options when it is done in more than one buffer: |
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241 recursive edits must be exited most-recently-entered first. Using an |
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242 alternative major mode avoids this limitation. @xref{Recursive |
6451 | 243 Editing}. |
244 | |
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245 The standard GNU Emacs Lisp library directory tree contains the code |
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246 for several major modes, in files such as @file{text-mode.el}, |
6451 | 247 @file{texinfo.el}, @file{lisp-mode.el}, @file{c-mode.el}, and |
25875 | 248 @file{rmail.el}. They are found in various subdirectories of the |
249 @file{lisp} directory. You can study these libraries to see how modes | |
250 are written. Text mode is perhaps the simplest major mode aside from | |
6451 | 251 Fundamental mode. Rmail mode is a complicated and specialized mode. |
252 | |
253 @node Major Mode Conventions | |
254 @subsection Major Mode Conventions | |
76841 | 255 @cindex major mode conventions |
256 @cindex conventions for writing major modes | |
6451 | 257 |
258 The code for existing major modes follows various coding conventions, | |
259 including conventions for local keymap and syntax table initialization, | |
260 global names, and hooks. Please follow these conventions when you | |
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261 define a new major mode. (Fundamental mode is an exception to many |
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262 of these conventions, because its definition is to present the global |
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263 state of Emacs.) |
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264 |
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265 This list of conventions is only partial, because each major mode |
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266 should aim for consistency in general with other Emacs major modes. |
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267 This makes Emacs as a whole more coherent. It is impossible to list |
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268 here all the possible points where this issue might come up; if the |
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269 Emacs developers point out an area where your major mode deviates from |
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270 the usual conventions, please make it compatible. |
6451 | 271 |
272 @itemize @bullet | |
273 @item | |
274 Define a command whose name ends in @samp{-mode}, with no arguments, | |
275 that switches to the new mode in the current buffer. This command | |
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276 should set up the keymap, syntax table, and buffer-local variables in an |
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277 existing buffer, without changing the buffer's contents. |
6451 | 278 |
279 @item | |
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280 Write a documentation string for this command that describes the |
6451 | 281 special commands available in this mode. @kbd{C-h m} |
282 (@code{describe-mode}) in your mode will display this string. | |
283 | |
284 The documentation string may include the special documentation | |
285 substrings, @samp{\[@var{command}]}, @samp{\@{@var{keymap}@}}, and | |
24934 | 286 @samp{\<@var{keymap}>}, which enable the documentation to adapt |
6451 | 287 automatically to the user's own key bindings. @xref{Keys in |
288 Documentation}. | |
289 | |
290 @item | |
291 The major mode command should start by calling | |
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292 @code{kill-all-local-variables}. This runs the normal hook |
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293 @code{change-major-mode-hook}, then gets rid of the buffer-local |
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294 variables of the major mode previously in effect. @xref{Creating |
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295 Buffer-Local}. |
6451 | 296 |
297 @item | |
298 The major mode command should set the variable @code{major-mode} to the | |
299 major mode command symbol. This is how @code{describe-mode} discovers | |
300 which documentation to print. | |
301 | |
302 @item | |
303 The major mode command should set the variable @code{mode-name} to the | |
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304 ``pretty'' name of the mode, as a string. This string appears in the |
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305 mode line. |
6451 | 306 |
307 @item | |
308 @cindex functions in modes | |
309 Since all global names are in the same name space, all the global | |
310 variables, constants, and functions that are part of the mode should | |
311 have names that start with the major mode name (or with an abbreviation | |
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312 of it if the name is long). @xref{Coding Conventions}. |
6451 | 313 |
314 @item | |
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315 In a major mode for editing some kind of structured text, such as a |
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316 programming language, indentation of text according to structure is |
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317 probably useful. So the mode should set @code{indent-line-function} |
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318 to a suitable function, and probably customize other variables |
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319 for indentation. |
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320 |
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321 @item |
6451 | 322 @cindex keymaps in modes |
323 The major mode should usually have its own keymap, which is used as the | |
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324 local keymap in all buffers in that mode. The major mode command should |
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325 call @code{use-local-map} to install this local map. @xref{Active |
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326 Keymaps}, for more information. |
6451 | 327 |
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328 This keymap should be stored permanently in a global variable named |
6451 | 329 @code{@var{modename}-mode-map}. Normally the library that defines the |
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330 mode sets this variable. |
6451 | 331 |
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332 @xref{Tips for Defining}, for advice about how to write the code to set |
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333 up the mode's keymap variable. |
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334 |
6451 | 335 @item |
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336 The key sequences bound in a major mode keymap should usually start with |
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337 @kbd{C-c}, followed by a control character, a digit, or @kbd{@{}, |
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338 @kbd{@}}, @kbd{<}, @kbd{>}, @kbd{:} or @kbd{;}. The other punctuation |
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339 characters are reserved for minor modes, and ordinary letters are |
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340 reserved for users. |
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341 |
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342 A major mode can also rebind the keys @kbd{M-n}, @kbd{M-p} and |
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343 @kbd{M-s}. The bindings for @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p} should normally |
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344 be some kind of ``moving forward and backward,'' but this does not |
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345 necessarily mean cursor motion. |
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346 |
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347 It is legitimate for a major mode to rebind a standard key sequence if |
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348 it provides a command that does ``the same job'' in a way better |
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349 suited to the text this mode is used for. For example, a major mode |
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350 for editing a programming language might redefine @kbd{C-M-a} to |
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351 ``move to the beginning of a function'' in a way that works better for |
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352 that language. |
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353 |
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354 It is also legitimate for a major mode to rebind a standard key |
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355 sequence whose standard meaning is rarely useful in that mode. For |
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356 instance, minibuffer modes rebind @kbd{M-r}, whose standard meaning is |
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357 rarely of any use in the minibuffer. Major modes such as Dired or |
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358 Rmail that do not allow self-insertion of text can reasonably redefine |
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359 letters and other printing characters as special commands. |
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360 |
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361 @item |
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362 Major modes modes for editing text should not define @key{RET} to do |
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363 anything other than insert a newline. However, it is ok for |
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364 specialized modes for text that users don't directly edit, such as |
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365 Dired and Info modes, to redefine @key{RET} to do something entirely |
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366 different. |
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367 |
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368 @item |
54041 | 369 Major modes should not alter options that are primarily a matter of user |
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370 preference, such as whether Auto-Fill mode is enabled. Leave this to |
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371 each user to decide. However, a major mode should customize other |
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372 variables so that Auto-Fill mode will work usefully @emph{if} the user |
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373 decides to use it. |
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374 |
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375 @item |
6451 | 376 @cindex syntax tables in modes |
377 The mode may have its own syntax table or may share one with other | |
378 related modes. If it has its own syntax table, it should store this in | |
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379 a variable named @code{@var{modename}-mode-syntax-table}. @xref{Syntax |
6451 | 380 Tables}. |
381 | |
382 @item | |
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383 If the mode handles a language that has a syntax for comments, it should |
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384 set the variables that define the comment syntax. @xref{Options for |
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385 Comments,, Options Controlling Comments, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. |
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386 |
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387 @item |
6451 | 388 @cindex abbrev tables in modes |
389 The mode may have its own abbrev table or may share one with other | |
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390 related modes. If it has its own abbrev table, it should store this |
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391 in a variable named @code{@var{modename}-mode-abbrev-table}. If the |
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392 major mode command defines any abbrevs itself, it should pass @code{t} |
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393 for the @var{system-flag} argument to @code{define-abbrev}. |
62345 | 394 @xref{Defining Abbrevs}. |
6451 | 395 |
396 @item | |
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397 The mode should specify how to do highlighting for Font Lock mode, by |
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398 setting up a buffer-local value for the variable |
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399 @code{font-lock-defaults} (@pxref{Font Lock Mode}). |
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400 |
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401 @item |
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402 The mode should specify how Imenu should find the definitions or |
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403 sections of a buffer, by setting up a buffer-local value for the |
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404 variable @code{imenu-generic-expression}, for the two variables |
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405 @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} and |
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406 @code{imenu-extract-index-name-function}, or for the variable |
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407 @code{imenu-create-index-function} (@pxref{Imenu}). |
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408 |
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409 @item |
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410 The mode can specify a local value for |
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411 @code{eldoc-documentation-function} to tell ElDoc mode how to handle |
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412 this mode. |
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413 |
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414 @item |
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415 Use @code{defvar} or @code{defcustom} to set mode-related variables, so |
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416 that they are not reinitialized if they already have a value. (Such |
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417 reinitialization could discard customizations made by the user.) |
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418 |
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419 @item |
6451 | 420 @cindex buffer-local variables in modes |
421 To make a buffer-local binding for an Emacs customization variable, use | |
422 @code{make-local-variable} in the major mode command, not | |
423 @code{make-variable-buffer-local}. The latter function would make the | |
424 variable local to every buffer in which it is subsequently set, which | |
425 would affect buffers that do not use this mode. It is undesirable for a | |
426 mode to have such global effects. @xref{Buffer-Local Variables}. | |
427 | |
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428 With rare exceptions, the only reasonable way to use |
25875 | 429 @code{make-variable-buffer-local} in a Lisp package is for a variable |
430 which is used only within that package. Using it on a variable used by | |
431 other packages would interfere with them. | |
6451 | 432 |
433 @item | |
434 @cindex mode hook | |
435 @cindex major mode hook | |
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436 Each major mode should have a normal @dfn{mode hook} named |
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437 @code{@var{modename}-mode-hook}. The very last thing the major mode command |
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438 should do is to call @code{run-mode-hooks}. This runs the mode hook, |
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439 and then runs the normal hook @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}. |
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440 @xref{Mode Hooks}. |
6451 | 441 |
442 @item | |
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443 The major mode command may start by calling some other major mode |
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444 command (called the @dfn{parent mode}) and then alter some of its |
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445 settings. A mode that does this is called a @dfn{derived mode}. The |
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446 recommended way to define one is to use @code{define-derived-mode}, |
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447 but this is not required. Such a mode should call the parent mode |
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448 command inside a @code{delay-mode-hooks} form. (Using |
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449 @code{define-derived-mode} does this automatically.) @xref{Derived |
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450 Modes}, and @ref{Mode Hooks}. |
6451 | 451 |
452 @item | |
453 If something special should be done if the user switches a buffer from | |
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454 this mode to any other major mode, this mode can set up a buffer-local |
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455 value for @code{change-major-mode-hook} (@pxref{Creating Buffer-Local}). |
6451 | 456 |
457 @item | |
458 If this mode is appropriate only for specially-prepared text, then the | |
459 major mode command symbol should have a property named @code{mode-class} | |
460 with value @code{special}, put on as follows: | |
461 | |
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462 @kindex mode-class @r{(property)} |
6451 | 463 @cindex @code{special} |
464 @example | |
465 (put 'funny-mode 'mode-class 'special) | |
466 @end example | |
467 | |
468 @noindent | |
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469 This tells Emacs that new buffers created while the current buffer is |
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470 in Funny mode should not inherit Funny mode, in case |
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471 @code{default-major-mode} is @code{nil}. Modes such as Dired, Rmail, |
6451 | 472 and Buffer List use this feature. |
473 | |
474 @item | |
475 If you want to make the new mode the default for files with certain | |
476 recognizable names, add an element to @code{auto-mode-alist} to select | |
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477 the mode for those file names (@pxref{Auto Major Mode}). If you |
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478 define the mode command to autoload, you should add this element in |
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479 the same file that calls @code{autoload}. If you use an autoload |
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480 cookie for the mode command, you can also use an autoload cookie for |
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481 the form that adds the element (@pxref{autoload cookie}). If you do |
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482 not autoload the mode command, it is sufficient to add the element in |
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483 the file that contains the mode definition. |
6451 | 484 |
485 @item | |
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486 In the comments that document the file, you should provide a sample |
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487 @code{autoload} form and an example of how to add to |
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488 @code{auto-mode-alist}, that users can include in their init files |
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489 (@pxref{Init File}). |
6451 | 490 |
491 @item | |
492 @cindex mode loading | |
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493 The top-level forms in the file defining the mode should be written so |
6451 | 494 that they may be evaluated more than once without adverse consequences. |
495 Even if you never load the file more than once, someone else will. | |
496 @end itemize | |
497 | |
498 @node Auto Major Mode | |
499 @subsection How Emacs Chooses a Major Mode | |
76841 | 500 @cindex major mode, automatic selection |
6451 | 501 |
502 Based on information in the file name or in the file itself, Emacs | |
503 automatically selects a major mode for the new buffer when a file is | |
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504 visited. It also processes local variables specified in the file text. |
6451 | 505 |
506 @deffn Command fundamental-mode | |
507 Fundamental mode is a major mode that is not specialized for anything | |
508 in particular. Other major modes are defined in effect by comparison | |
509 with this one---their definitions say what to change, starting from | |
510 Fundamental mode. The @code{fundamental-mode} function does @emph{not} | |
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511 run any mode hooks; you're not supposed to customize it. (If you want Emacs |
6451 | 512 to behave differently in Fundamental mode, change the @emph{global} |
513 state of Emacs.) | |
514 @end deffn | |
515 | |
516 @deffn Command normal-mode &optional find-file | |
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517 This function establishes the proper major mode and buffer-local variable |
62345 | 518 bindings for the current buffer. First it calls @code{set-auto-mode} |
519 (see below), then it runs @code{hack-local-variables} to parse, and | |
520 bind or evaluate as appropriate, the file's local variables | |
521 (@pxref{File Local Variables}). | |
6451 | 522 |
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523 If the @var{find-file} argument to @code{normal-mode} is non-@code{nil}, |
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524 @code{normal-mode} assumes that the @code{find-file} function is calling |
62345 | 525 it. In this case, it may process local variables in the @samp{-*-} |
526 line or at the end of the file. The variable | |
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527 @code{enable-local-variables} controls whether to do so. @xref{File |
62345 | 528 Variables, , Local Variables in Files, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, |
529 for the syntax of the local variables section of a file. | |
6451 | 530 |
12098 | 531 If you run @code{normal-mode} interactively, the argument |
6451 | 532 @var{find-file} is normally @code{nil}. In this case, |
62345 | 533 @code{normal-mode} unconditionally processes any file local variables. |
534 | |
535 If @code{normal-mode} processes the local variables list and this list | |
536 specifies a major mode, that mode overrides any mode chosen by | |
537 @code{set-auto-mode}. If neither @code{set-auto-mode} nor | |
538 @code{hack-local-variables} specify a major mode, the buffer stays in | |
539 the major mode determined by @code{default-major-mode} (see below). | |
6451 | 540 |
541 @cindex file mode specification error | |
12098 | 542 @code{normal-mode} uses @code{condition-case} around the call to the |
6451 | 543 major mode function, so errors are caught and reported as a @samp{File |
544 mode specification error}, followed by the original error message. | |
545 @end deffn | |
546 | |
62345 | 547 @defun set-auto-mode &optional keep-mode-if-same |
6451 | 548 @cindex visited file mode |
549 This function selects the major mode that is appropriate for the | |
62345 | 550 current buffer. It bases its decision (in order of precedence) on |
551 the @w{@samp{-*-}} line, on the @w{@samp{#!}} line (using | |
552 @code{interpreter-mode-alist}), on the text at the beginning of the | |
553 buffer (using @code{magic-mode-alist}), and finally on the visited | |
554 file name (using @code{auto-mode-alist}). @xref{Choosing Modes, , How | |
555 Major Modes are Chosen, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. However, this | |
556 function does not look for the @samp{mode:} local variable near the | |
557 end of a file; the @code{hack-local-variables} function does that. | |
558 If @code{enable-local-variables} is @code{nil}, @code{set-auto-mode} | |
559 does not check the @w{@samp{-*-}} line for a mode tag either. | |
560 | |
561 If @var{keep-mode-if-same} is non-@code{nil}, this function does not | |
562 call the mode command if the buffer is already in the proper major | |
563 mode. For instance, @code{set-visited-file-name} sets this to | |
564 @code{t} to avoid killing buffer local variables that the user may | |
565 have set. | |
6451 | 566 @end defun |
567 | |
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568 @defopt default-major-mode |
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569 This variable holds the default major mode for new buffers. The |
6451 | 570 standard value is @code{fundamental-mode}. |
571 | |
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572 If the value of @code{default-major-mode} is @code{nil}, Emacs uses |
62345 | 573 the (previously) current buffer's major mode as the default major mode |
574 of a new buffer. However, if that major mode symbol has a @code{mode-class} | |
6451 | 575 property with value @code{special}, then it is not used for new buffers; |
576 Fundamental mode is used instead. The modes that have this property are | |
577 those such as Dired and Rmail that are useful only with text that has | |
578 been specially prepared. | |
579 @end defopt | |
580 | |
12067 | 581 @defun set-buffer-major-mode buffer |
582 This function sets the major mode of @var{buffer} to the value of | |
62345 | 583 @code{default-major-mode}; if that variable is @code{nil}, it uses the |
584 current buffer's major mode (if that is suitable). As an exception, | |
585 if @var{buffer}'s name is @samp{*scratch*}, it sets the mode to | |
586 @code{initial-major-mode}. | |
12067 | 587 |
588 The low-level primitives for creating buffers do not use this function, | |
12098 | 589 but medium-level commands such as @code{switch-to-buffer} and |
590 @code{find-file-noselect} use it whenever they create buffers. | |
12067 | 591 @end defun |
592 | |
62345 | 593 @defopt initial-major-mode |
6451 | 594 @cindex @samp{*scratch*} |
595 The value of this variable determines the major mode of the initial | |
596 @samp{*scratch*} buffer. The value should be a symbol that is a major | |
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597 mode command. The default value is @code{lisp-interaction-mode}. |
62345 | 598 @end defopt |
599 | |
600 @defvar interpreter-mode-alist | |
601 This variable specifies major modes to use for scripts that specify a | |
602 command interpreter in a @samp{#!} line. Its value is an alist with | |
603 elements of the form @code{(@var{interpreter} . @var{mode})}; for | |
604 example, @code{("perl" . perl-mode)} is one element present by | |
605 default. The element says to use mode @var{mode} if the file | |
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606 specifies an interpreter which matches @var{interpreter}. |
62345 | 607 @end defvar |
608 | |
609 @defvar magic-mode-alist | |
610 This variable's value is an alist with elements of the form | |
611 @code{(@var{regexp} . @var{function})}, where @var{regexp} is a | |
612 regular expression and @var{function} is a function or @code{nil}. | |
613 After visiting a file, @code{set-auto-mode} calls @var{function} if | |
614 the text at the beginning of the buffer matches @var{regexp} and | |
615 @var{function} is non-@code{nil}; if @var{function} is @code{nil}, | |
616 @code{auto-mode-alist} gets to decide the mode. | |
6451 | 617 @end defvar |
618 | |
619 @defvar auto-mode-alist | |
620 This variable contains an association list of file name patterns | |
62345 | 621 (regular expressions) and corresponding major mode commands. Usually, |
622 the file name patterns test for suffixes, such as @samp{.el} and | |
623 @samp{.c}, but this need not be the case. An ordinary element of the | |
624 alist looks like @code{(@var{regexp} . @var{mode-function})}. | |
6451 | 625 |
626 For example, | |
627 | |
628 @smallexample | |
629 @group | |
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630 (("\\`/tmp/fol/" . text-mode) |
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631 ("\\.texinfo\\'" . texinfo-mode) |
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632 ("\\.texi\\'" . texinfo-mode) |
6451 | 633 @end group |
634 @group | |
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635 ("\\.el\\'" . emacs-lisp-mode) |
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636 ("\\.c\\'" . c-mode) |
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637 ("\\.h\\'" . c-mode) |
6451 | 638 @dots{}) |
639 @end group | |
640 @end smallexample | |
641 | |
642 When you visit a file whose expanded file name (@pxref{File Name | |
62345 | 643 Expansion}), with version numbers and backup suffixes removed using |
644 @code{file-name-sans-versions} (@pxref{File Name Components}), matches | |
645 a @var{regexp}, @code{set-auto-mode} calls the corresponding | |
646 @var{mode-function}. This feature enables Emacs to select the proper | |
647 major mode for most files. | |
6451 | 648 |
649 If an element of @code{auto-mode-alist} has the form @code{(@var{regexp} | |
650 @var{function} t)}, then after calling @var{function}, Emacs searches | |
651 @code{auto-mode-alist} again for a match against the portion of the file | |
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652 name that did not match before. This feature is useful for |
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653 uncompression packages: an entry of the form @code{("\\.gz\\'" |
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654 @var{function} t)} can uncompress the file and then put the uncompressed |
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655 file in the proper mode according to the name sans @samp{.gz}. |
6451 | 656 |
657 Here is an example of how to prepend several pattern pairs to | |
658 @code{auto-mode-alist}. (You might use this sort of expression in your | |
25875 | 659 init file.) |
6451 | 660 |
661 @smallexample | |
662 @group | |
663 (setq auto-mode-alist | |
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664 (append |
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665 ;; @r{File name (within directory) starts with a dot.} |
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666 '(("/\\.[^/]*\\'" . fundamental-mode) |
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667 ;; @r{File name has no dot.} |
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668 ("[^\\./]*\\'" . fundamental-mode) |
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669 ;; @r{File name ends in @samp{.C}.} |
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670 ("\\.C\\'" . c++-mode)) |
6451 | 671 auto-mode-alist)) |
672 @end group | |
673 @end smallexample | |
674 @end defvar | |
675 | |
676 @node Mode Help | |
677 @subsection Getting Help about a Major Mode | |
678 @cindex mode help | |
679 @cindex help for major mode | |
680 @cindex documentation for major mode | |
681 | |
682 The @code{describe-mode} function is used to provide information | |
683 about major modes. It is normally called with @kbd{C-h m}. The | |
684 @code{describe-mode} function uses the value of @code{major-mode}, | |
685 which is why every major mode function needs to set the | |
686 @code{major-mode} variable. | |
687 | |
688 @deffn Command describe-mode | |
689 This function displays the documentation of the current major mode. | |
690 | |
691 The @code{describe-mode} function calls the @code{documentation} | |
692 function using the value of @code{major-mode} as an argument. Thus, it | |
693 displays the documentation string of the major mode function. | |
694 (@xref{Accessing Documentation}.) | |
695 @end deffn | |
696 | |
697 @defvar major-mode | |
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698 This buffer-local variable holds the symbol for the current buffer's |
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699 major mode. This symbol should have a function definition that is the |
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700 command to switch to that major mode. The @code{describe-mode} |
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701 function uses the documentation string of the function as the |
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702 documentation of the major mode. |
6451 | 703 @end defvar |
704 | |
705 @node Derived Modes | |
706 @subsection Defining Derived Modes | |
61930 | 707 @cindex derived mode |
6451 | 708 |
709 It's often useful to define a new major mode in terms of an existing | |
710 one. An easy way to do this is to use @code{define-derived-mode}. | |
711 | |
62345 | 712 @defmac define-derived-mode variant parent name docstring keyword-args@dots{} body@dots{} |
6451 | 713 This construct defines @var{variant} as a major mode command, using |
62345 | 714 @var{name} as the string form of the mode name. @var{variant} and |
715 @var{parent} should be unquoted symbols. | |
6451 | 716 |
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717 The new command @var{variant} is defined to call the function |
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718 @var{parent}, then override certain aspects of that parent mode: |
6451 | 719 |
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720 @itemize @bullet |
6451 | 721 @item |
62345 | 722 The new mode has its own sparse keymap, named |
723 @code{@var{variant}-map}. @code{define-derived-mode} | |
724 makes the parent mode's keymap the parent of the new map, unless | |
725 @code{@var{variant}-map} is already set and already has a parent. | |
6451 | 726 |
727 @item | |
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728 The new mode has its own syntax table, kept in the variable |
62345 | 729 @code{@var{variant}-syntax-table}, unless you override this using the |
730 @code{:syntax-table} keyword (see below). @code{define-derived-mode} | |
731 makes the parent mode's syntax-table the parent of | |
732 @code{@var{variant}-syntax-table}, unless the latter is already set | |
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733 and already has a parent different from the standard syntax table. |
6451 | 734 |
735 @item | |
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736 The new mode has its own abbrev table, kept in the variable |
62345 | 737 @code{@var{variant}-abbrev-table}, unless you override this using the |
738 @code{:abbrev-table} keyword (see below). | |
6451 | 739 |
740 @item | |
62345 | 741 The new mode has its own mode hook, @code{@var{variant}-hook}. It |
742 runs this hook, after running the hooks of its ancestor modes, with | |
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743 @code{run-mode-hooks}, as the last thing it does. @xref{Mode Hooks}. |
6451 | 744 @end itemize |
745 | |
746 In addition, you can specify how to override other aspects of | |
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747 @var{parent} with @var{body}. The command @var{variant} |
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748 evaluates the forms in @var{body} after setting up all its usual |
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749 overrides, just before running the mode hooks. |
6451 | 750 |
62345 | 751 You can also specify @code{nil} for @var{parent}. This gives the new |
752 mode no parent. Then @code{define-derived-mode} behaves as described | |
753 above, but, of course, omits all actions connected with @var{parent}. | |
754 | |
755 The argument @var{docstring} specifies the documentation string for | |
756 the new mode. @code{define-derived-mode} adds some general | |
757 information about the mode's hook, followed by the mode's keymap, at | |
758 the end of this docstring. If you omit @var{docstring}, | |
759 @code{define-derived-mode} generates a documentation string. | |
760 | |
761 The @var{keyword-args} are pairs of keywords and values. The values | |
762 are evaluated. The following keywords are currently supported: | |
763 | |
764 @table @code | |
765 @item :syntax-table | |
766 You can use this to explicitly specify a syntax table for the new | |
767 mode. If you specify a @code{nil} value, the new mode uses the same | |
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768 syntax table as @var{parent}, or the standard syntax table if |
62345 | 769 @var{parent} is @code{nil}. (Note that this does @emph{not} follow |
770 the convention used for non-keyword arguments that a @code{nil} value | |
771 is equivalent with not specifying the argument.) | |
772 | |
773 @item :abbrev-table | |
774 You can use this to explicitly specify an abbrev table for the new | |
775 mode. If you specify a @code{nil} value, the new mode uses the same | |
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776 abbrev table as @var{parent}, or @code{fundamental-mode-abbrev-table} |
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777 if @var{parent} is @code{nil}. (Again, a @code{nil} value is |
62345 | 778 @emph{not} equivalent to not specifying this keyword.) |
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779 |
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780 @item :group |
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781 If this is specified, the value should be the customization group for |
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782 this mode. (Not all major modes have one.) Only the (still |
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783 experimental and unadvertised) command @code{customize-mode} currently |
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784 uses this. @code{define-derived-mode} does @emph{not} automatically |
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785 define the specified customization group. |
62345 | 786 @end table |
6451 | 787 |
788 Here is a hypothetical example: | |
789 | |
790 @example | |
791 (define-derived-mode hypertext-mode | |
792 text-mode "Hypertext" | |
793 "Major mode for hypertext. | |
794 \\@{hypertext-mode-map@}" | |
795 (setq case-fold-search nil)) | |
796 | |
797 (define-key hypertext-mode-map | |
798 [down-mouse-3] 'do-hyper-link) | |
799 @end example | |
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800 |
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801 Do not write an @code{interactive} spec in the definition; |
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802 @code{define-derived-mode} does that automatically. |
6451 | 803 @end defmac |
804 | |
61930 | 805 @node Generic Modes |
806 @subsection Generic Modes | |
807 @cindex generic mode | |
808 | |
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809 @dfn{Generic modes} are simple major modes with basic support for |
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810 comment syntax and Font Lock mode. To define a generic mode, use the |
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811 macro @code{define-generic-mode}. See the file @file{generic-x.el} |
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812 for some examples of the use of @code{define-generic-mode}. |
61930 | 813 |
62259 | 814 @defmac define-generic-mode mode comment-list keyword-list font-lock-list auto-mode-list function-list &optional docstring |
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815 This macro defines a generic mode command named @var{mode} (a symbol, |
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816 not quoted). The optional argument @var{docstring} is the |
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817 documentation for the mode command. If you do not supply it, |
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818 @code{define-generic-mode} generates one by default. |
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819 |
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820 The argument @var{comment-list} is a list in which each element is |
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821 either a character, a string of one or two characters, or a cons cell. |
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822 A character or a string is set up in the mode's syntax table as a |
61930 | 823 ``comment starter.'' If the entry is a cons cell, the @sc{car} is set |
824 up as a ``comment starter'' and the @sc{cdr} as a ``comment ender.'' | |
825 (Use @code{nil} for the latter if you want comments to end at the end | |
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826 of the line.) Note that the syntax table mechanism has limitations |
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827 about what comment starters and enders are actually possible. |
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828 @xref{Syntax Tables}. |
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829 |
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830 The argument @var{keyword-list} is a list of keywords to highlight |
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831 with @code{font-lock-keyword-face}. Each keyword should be a string. |
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832 Meanwhile, @var{font-lock-list} is a list of additional expressions to |
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833 highlight. Each element of this list should have the same form as an |
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834 element of @code{font-lock-keywords}. @xref{Search-based |
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835 Fontification}. |
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836 |
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837 The argument @var{auto-mode-list} is a list of regular expressions to |
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838 add to the variable @code{auto-mode-alist}. They are added by the execution |
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839 of the @code{define-generic-mode} form, not by expanding the macro call. |
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840 |
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841 Finally, @var{function-list} is a list of functions for the mode |
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842 command to call for additional setup. It calls these functions just |
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843 before it runs the mode hook variable @code{@var{mode}-hook}. |
61930 | 844 @end defmac |
845 | |
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846 @node Mode Hooks |
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847 @subsection Mode Hooks |
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848 |
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849 Every major mode function should finish by running its mode hook and |
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850 the mode-independent normal hook @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}. |
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851 It does this by calling @code{run-mode-hooks}. If the major mode is a |
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852 derived mode, that is if it calls another major mode (the parent mode) |
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853 in its body, it should do this inside @code{delay-mode-hooks} so that |
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854 the parent won't run these hooks itself. Instead, the derived mode's |
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855 call to @code{run-mode-hooks} runs the parent's mode hook too. |
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856 @xref{Major Mode Conventions}. |
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857 |
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858 Emacs versions before Emacs 22 did not have @code{delay-mode-hooks}. |
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859 When user-implemented major modes have not been updated to use it, |
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860 they won't entirely follow these conventions: they may run the |
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861 parent's mode hook too early, or fail to run |
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862 @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}. If you encounter such a major |
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863 mode, please correct it to follow these conventions. |
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864 |
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865 When you defined a major mode using @code{define-derived-mode}, it |
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866 automatically makes sure these conventions are followed. If you |
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867 define a major mode ``by hand,'' not using @code{define-derived-mode}, |
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868 use the following functions to handle these conventions automatically. |
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869 |
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870 @defun run-mode-hooks &rest hookvars |
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871 Major modes should run their mode hook using this function. It is |
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0
(Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62652
diff
changeset
|
872 similar to @code{run-hooks} (@pxref{Hooks}), but it also runs |
9f2d0e4a66d0
(Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62652
diff
changeset
|
873 @code{after-change-major-mode-hook}. |
9f2d0e4a66d0
(Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62652
diff
changeset
|
874 |
72318
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
875 When this function is called during the execution of a |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
876 @code{delay-mode-hooks} form, it does not run the hooks immediately. |
62857
9f2d0e4a66d0
(Mode Hooks): Explain that after-change-major-mode-hook is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62652
diff
changeset
|
877 Instead, it arranges for the next call to @code{run-mode-hooks} to run |
72318
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
878 them. |
57213
3497eca006fe
Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56768
diff
changeset
|
879 @end defun |
3497eca006fe
Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56768
diff
changeset
|
880 |
66145
9d237c376071
(Mode Hooks, Defining Minor Modes):
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
881 @defmac delay-mode-hooks body@dots{} |
72318
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
882 When one major mode command calls another, it should do so inside of |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
883 @code{delay-mode-hooks}. |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
884 |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
885 This macro executes @var{body}, but tells all @code{run-mode-hooks} |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
886 calls during the execution of @var{body} to delay running their hooks. |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
887 The hooks will actually run during the next call to |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
888 @code{run-mode-hooks} after the end of the @code{delay-mode-hooks} |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
889 construct. |
57213
3497eca006fe
Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56768
diff
changeset
|
890 @end defmac |
3497eca006fe
Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56768
diff
changeset
|
891 |
3497eca006fe
Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56768
diff
changeset
|
892 @defvar after-change-major-mode-hook |
72318
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
893 This is a normal hook run by @code{run-mode-hooks}. It is run at the |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
894 very end of every properly-written major mode function. |
57213
3497eca006fe
Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56768
diff
changeset
|
895 @end defvar |
3497eca006fe
Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56768
diff
changeset
|
896 |
72304
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
897 @node Example Major Modes |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
898 @subsection Major Mode Examples |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
899 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
900 Text mode is perhaps the simplest mode besides Fundamental mode. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
901 Here are excerpts from @file{text-mode.el} that illustrate many of |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
902 the conventions listed above: |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
903 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
904 @smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
905 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
906 ;; @r{Create the syntax table for this mode.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
907 (defvar text-mode-syntax-table |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
908 (let ((st (make-syntax-table))) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
909 (modify-syntax-entry ?\" ". " st) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
910 (modify-syntax-entry ?\\ ". " st) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
911 ;; Add `p' so M-c on `hello' leads to `Hello', not `hello'. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
912 (modify-syntax-entry ?' "w p" st) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
913 st) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
914 "Syntax table used while in `text-mode'.") |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
915 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
916 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
917 ;; @r{Create the keymap for this mode.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
918 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
919 (defvar text-mode-map |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
920 (let ((map (make-sparse-keymap))) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
921 (define-key map "\e\t" 'ispell-complete-word) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
922 (define-key map "\es" 'center-line) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
923 (define-key map "\eS" 'center-paragraph) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
924 map) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
925 "Keymap for `text-mode'. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
926 Many other modes, such as Mail mode, Outline mode |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
927 and Indented Text mode, inherit all the commands |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
928 defined in this map.") |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
929 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
930 @end smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
931 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
932 Here is how the actual mode command is defined now: |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
933 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
934 @smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
935 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
936 (define-derived-mode text-mode nil "Text" |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
937 "Major mode for editing text written for humans to read. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
938 In this mode, paragraphs are delimited only by blank or white lines. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
939 You can thus get the full benefit of adaptive filling |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
940 (see the variable `adaptive-fill-mode'). |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
941 \\@{text-mode-map@} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
942 Turning on Text mode runs the normal hook `text-mode-hook'." |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
943 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
944 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
945 (make-local-variable 'text-mode-variant) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
946 (setq text-mode-variant t) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
947 ;; @r{These two lines are a feature added recently.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
948 (set (make-local-variable 'require-final-newline) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
949 mode-require-final-newline) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
950 (set (make-local-variable 'indent-line-function) 'indent-relative)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
951 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
952 @end smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
953 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
954 But here is how it was defined formerly, before |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
955 @code{define-derived-mode} existed: |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
956 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
957 @smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
958 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
959 ;; @r{This isn't needed nowadays, since @code{define-derived-mode} does it.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
960 (defvar text-mode-abbrev-table nil |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
961 "Abbrev table used while in text mode.") |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
962 (define-abbrev-table 'text-mode-abbrev-table ()) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
963 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
964 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
965 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
966 (defun text-mode () |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
967 "Major mode for editing text intended for humans to read... |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
968 Special commands: \\@{text-mode-map@} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
969 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
970 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
971 Turning on text-mode runs the hook `text-mode-hook'." |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
972 (interactive) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
973 (kill-all-local-variables) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
974 (use-local-map text-mode-map) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
975 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
976 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
977 (setq local-abbrev-table text-mode-abbrev-table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
978 (set-syntax-table text-mode-syntax-table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
979 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
980 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
981 ;; @r{These four lines are absent from the current version} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
982 ;; @r{not because this is done some other way, but rather} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
983 ;; @r{because nowadays Text mode uses the normal definition of paragraphs.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
984 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-start) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
985 (setq paragraph-start (concat "[ \t]*$\\|" page-delimiter)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
986 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-separate) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
987 (setq paragraph-separate paragraph-start) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
988 (make-local-variable 'indent-line-function) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
989 (setq indent-line-function 'indent-relative-maybe) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
990 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
991 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
992 (setq mode-name "Text") |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
993 (setq major-mode 'text-mode) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
994 (run-mode-hooks 'text-mode-hook)) ; @r{Finally, this permits the user to} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
995 ; @r{customize the mode with a hook.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
996 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
997 @end smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
998 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
999 @cindex @file{lisp-mode.el} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1000 The three Lisp modes (Lisp mode, Emacs Lisp mode, and Lisp |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1001 Interaction mode) have more features than Text mode and the code is |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1002 correspondingly more complicated. Here are excerpts from |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1003 @file{lisp-mode.el} that illustrate how these modes are written. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1004 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1005 @cindex syntax table example |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1006 @smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1007 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1008 ;; @r{Create mode-specific table variables.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1009 (defvar lisp-mode-syntax-table nil "") |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1010 (defvar lisp-mode-abbrev-table nil "") |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1011 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1012 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1013 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1014 (defvar emacs-lisp-mode-syntax-table |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1015 (let ((table (make-syntax-table))) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1016 (let ((i 0)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1017 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1018 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1019 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1020 ;; @r{Set syntax of chars up to @samp{0} to say they are} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1021 ;; @r{part of symbol names but not words.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1022 ;; @r{(The digit @samp{0} is @code{48} in the @acronym{ASCII} character set.)} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1023 (while (< i ?0) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1024 (modify-syntax-entry i "_ " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1025 (setq i (1+ i))) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1026 ;; @r{@dots{} similar code follows for other character ranges.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1027 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1028 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1029 ;; @r{Then set the syntax codes for characters that are special in Lisp.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1030 (modify-syntax-entry ? " " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1031 (modify-syntax-entry ?\t " " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1032 (modify-syntax-entry ?\f " " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1033 (modify-syntax-entry ?\n "> " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1034 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1035 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1036 ;; @r{Give CR the same syntax as newline, for selective-display.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1037 (modify-syntax-entry ?\^m "> " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1038 (modify-syntax-entry ?\; "< " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1039 (modify-syntax-entry ?` "' " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1040 (modify-syntax-entry ?' "' " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1041 (modify-syntax-entry ?, "' " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1042 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1043 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1044 ;; @r{@dots{}likewise for many other characters@dots{}} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1045 (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "() " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1046 (modify-syntax-entry ?\) ")( " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1047 (modify-syntax-entry ?\[ "(] " table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1048 (modify-syntax-entry ?\] ")[ " table)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1049 table)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1050 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1051 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1052 ;; @r{Create an abbrev table for lisp-mode.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1053 (define-abbrev-table 'lisp-mode-abbrev-table ()) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1054 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1055 @end smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1056 |
72318
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
1057 The three modes for Lisp share much of their code. For instance, |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
1058 each calls the following function to set various variables: |
72304
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1059 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1060 @smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1061 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1062 (defun lisp-mode-variables (lisp-syntax) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1063 (when lisp-syntax |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1064 (set-syntax-table lisp-mode-syntax-table)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1065 (setq local-abbrev-table lisp-mode-abbrev-table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1066 @dots{} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1067 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1068 @end smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1069 |
72318
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
1070 In Lisp and most programming languages, we want the paragraph |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
1071 commands to treat only blank lines as paragraph separators. And the |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
1072 modes should undestand the Lisp conventions for comments. The rest of |
6e29ae378991
Clean up wording in previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72304
diff
changeset
|
1073 @code{lisp-mode-variables} sets this up: |
72304
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1074 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1075 @smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1076 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1077 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-start) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1078 (setq paragraph-start (concat page-delimiter "\\|$" )) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1079 (make-local-variable 'paragraph-separate) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1080 (setq paragraph-separate paragraph-start) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1081 @dots{} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1082 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1083 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1084 (make-local-variable 'comment-indent-function) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1085 (setq comment-indent-function 'lisp-comment-indent)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1086 @dots{} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1087 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1088 @end smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1089 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1090 Each of the different Lisp modes has a slightly different keymap. For |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1091 example, Lisp mode binds @kbd{C-c C-z} to @code{run-lisp}, but the other |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1092 Lisp modes do not. However, all Lisp modes have some commands in |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1093 common. The following code sets up the common commands: |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1094 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1095 @smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1096 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1097 (defvar shared-lisp-mode-map () |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1098 "Keymap for commands shared by all sorts of Lisp modes.") |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1099 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1100 ;; @r{Putting this @code{if} after the @code{defvar} is an older style.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1101 (if shared-lisp-mode-map |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1102 () |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1103 (setq shared-lisp-mode-map (make-sparse-keymap)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1104 (define-key shared-lisp-mode-map "\e\C-q" 'indent-sexp) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1105 (define-key shared-lisp-mode-map "\177" |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1106 'backward-delete-char-untabify)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1107 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1108 @end smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1109 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1110 @noindent |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1111 And here is the code to set up the keymap for Lisp mode: |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1112 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1113 @smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1114 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1115 (defvar lisp-mode-map () |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1116 "Keymap for ordinary Lisp mode...") |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1117 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1118 (if lisp-mode-map |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1119 () |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1120 (setq lisp-mode-map (make-sparse-keymap)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1121 (set-keymap-parent lisp-mode-map shared-lisp-mode-map) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1122 (define-key lisp-mode-map "\e\C-x" 'lisp-eval-defun) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1123 (define-key lisp-mode-map "\C-c\C-z" 'run-lisp)) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1124 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1125 @end smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1126 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1127 Finally, here is the complete major mode function definition for |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1128 Lisp mode. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1129 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1130 @smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1131 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1132 (defun lisp-mode () |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1133 "Major mode for editing Lisp code for Lisps other than GNU Emacs Lisp. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1134 Commands: |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1135 Delete converts tabs to spaces as it moves back. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1136 Blank lines separate paragraphs. Semicolons start comments. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1137 \\@{lisp-mode-map@} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1138 Note that `run-lisp' may be used either to start an inferior Lisp job |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1139 or to switch back to an existing one. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1140 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1141 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1142 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1143 Entry to this mode calls the value of `lisp-mode-hook' |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1144 if that value is non-nil." |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1145 (interactive) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1146 (kill-all-local-variables) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1147 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1148 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1149 (use-local-map lisp-mode-map) ; @r{Select the mode's keymap.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1150 (setq major-mode 'lisp-mode) ; @r{This is how @code{describe-mode}} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1151 ; @r{finds out what to describe.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1152 (setq mode-name "Lisp") ; @r{This goes into the mode line.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1153 (lisp-mode-variables t) ; @r{This defines various variables.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1154 (make-local-variable 'comment-start-skip) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1155 (setq comment-start-skip |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1156 "\\(\\(^\\|[^\\\\\n]\\)\\(\\\\\\\\\\)*\\)\\(;+\\|#|\\) *") |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1157 (make-local-variable 'font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1158 (setq font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search t) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1159 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1160 @group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1161 (setq imenu-case-fold-search t) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1162 (set-syntax-table lisp-mode-syntax-table) |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1163 (run-mode-hooks 'lisp-mode-hook)) ; @r{This permits the user to use a} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1164 ; @r{hook to customize the mode.} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1165 @end group |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1166 @end smallexample |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1167 |
6451 | 1168 @node Minor Modes |
1169 @section Minor Modes | |
1170 @cindex minor mode | |
1171 | |
1172 A @dfn{minor mode} provides features that users may enable or disable | |
1173 independently of the choice of major mode. Minor modes can be enabled | |
1174 individually or in combination. Minor modes would be better named | |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
1175 ``generally available, optional feature modes,'' except that such a name |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
1176 would be unwieldy. |
6451 | 1177 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1178 A minor mode is not usually meant as a variation of a single major mode. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1179 Usually they are general and can apply to many major modes. For |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
1180 example, Auto Fill mode works with any major mode that permits text |
6451 | 1181 insertion. To be general, a minor mode must be effectively independent |
1182 of the things major modes do. | |
1183 | |
1184 A minor mode is often much more difficult to implement than a major | |
1185 mode. One reason is that you should be able to activate and deactivate | |
7253
6ba87aed7836
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
1186 minor modes in any order. A minor mode should be able to have its |
6ba87aed7836
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
1187 desired effect regardless of the major mode and regardless of the other |
6ba87aed7836
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1188 minor modes in effect. |
6451 | 1189 |
1190 Often the biggest problem in implementing a minor mode is finding a | |
1191 way to insert the necessary hook into the rest of Emacs. Minor mode | |
12098 | 1192 keymaps make this easier than it used to be. |
6451 | 1193 |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1194 @defvar minor-mode-list |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1195 The value of this variable is a list of all minor mode commands. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1196 @end defvar |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1197 |
6451 | 1198 @menu |
1199 * Minor Mode Conventions:: Tips for writing a minor mode. | |
1200 * Keymaps and Minor Modes:: How a minor mode can have its own keymap. | |
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26211
diff
changeset
|
1201 * Defining Minor Modes:: A convenient facility for defining minor modes. |
6451 | 1202 @end menu |
1203 | |
1204 @node Minor Mode Conventions | |
1205 @subsection Conventions for Writing Minor Modes | |
1206 @cindex minor mode conventions | |
1207 @cindex conventions for writing minor modes | |
1208 | |
1209 There are conventions for writing minor modes just as there are for | |
1210 major modes. Several of the major mode conventions apply to minor | |
1211 modes as well: those regarding the name of the mode initialization | |
66935
1af402fe3e48
(Minor Mode Conventions): Use custom-set-minor-mode.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
66933
diff
changeset
|
1212 function, the names of global symbols, the use of a hook at the end of |
1af402fe3e48
(Minor Mode Conventions): Use custom-set-minor-mode.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
66933
diff
changeset
|
1213 the initialization function, and the use of keymaps and other tables. |
6451 | 1214 |
1215 In addition, there are several conventions that are specific to | |
59942
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
1216 minor modes. (The easiest way to follow all the conventions is to use |
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
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|
1217 the macro @code{define-minor-mode}; @ref{Defining Minor Modes}.) |
6451 | 1218 |
1219 @itemize @bullet | |
1220 @item | |
1221 @cindex mode variable | |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1222 Make a variable whose name ends in @samp{-mode} to control the minor |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
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21007
diff
changeset
|
1223 mode. We call this the @dfn{mode variable}. The minor mode command |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
1224 should set this variable (@code{nil} to disable; anything else to |
22252
40089afa2b1d
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22138
diff
changeset
|
1225 enable). |
21682
90da2489c498
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1226 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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24934
diff
changeset
|
1227 If possible, implement the mode so that setting the variable |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
1228 automatically enables or disables the mode. Then the minor mode command |
22252
40089afa2b1d
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
22138
diff
changeset
|
1229 does not need to do anything except set the variable. |
6451 | 1230 |
1231 This variable is used in conjunction with the @code{minor-mode-alist} to | |
1232 display the minor mode name in the mode line. It can also enable | |
1233 or disable a minor mode keymap. Individual commands or hooks can also | |
1234 check the variable's value. | |
1235 | |
1236 If you want the minor mode to be enabled separately in each buffer, | |
1237 make the variable buffer-local. | |
1238 | |
1239 @item | |
1240 Define a command whose name is the same as the mode variable. | |
1241 Its job is to enable and disable the mode by setting the variable. | |
1242 | |
1243 The command should accept one optional argument. If the argument is | |
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1244 @code{nil}, it should toggle the mode (turn it on if it is off, and |
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1245 off if it is on). It should turn the mode on if the argument is a |
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1246 positive integer, the symbol @code{t}, or a list whose @sc{car} is one |
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1247 of those. It should turn the mode off if the argument is a negative |
55831
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1248 integer or zero, the symbol @code{-}, or a list whose @sc{car} is a |
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1249 negative integer or zero. The meaning of other arguments is not |
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1250 specified. |
6451 | 1251 |
12098 | 1252 Here is an example taken from the definition of @code{transient-mark-mode}. |
1253 It shows the use of @code{transient-mark-mode} as a variable that enables or | |
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1254 disables the mode's behavior, and also shows the proper way to toggle, |
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1255 enable or disable the minor mode based on the raw prefix argument value. |
6451 | 1256 |
1257 @smallexample | |
1258 @group | |
12098 | 1259 (setq transient-mark-mode |
1260 (if (null arg) (not transient-mark-mode) | |
6451 | 1261 (> (prefix-numeric-value arg) 0))) |
1262 @end group | |
1263 @end smallexample | |
1264 | |
1265 @item | |
1266 Add an element to @code{minor-mode-alist} for each minor mode | |
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1267 (@pxref{Definition of minor-mode-alist}), if you want to indicate the |
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1268 minor mode in the mode line. This element should be a list of the |
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1269 following form: |
6451 | 1270 |
1271 @smallexample | |
1272 (@var{mode-variable} @var{string}) | |
1273 @end smallexample | |
1274 | |
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1275 Here @var{mode-variable} is the variable that controls enabling of the |
6451 | 1276 minor mode, and @var{string} is a short string, starting with a space, |
1277 to represent the mode in the mode line. These strings must be short so | |
1278 that there is room for several of them at once. | |
1279 | |
1280 When you add an element to @code{minor-mode-alist}, use @code{assq} to | |
1281 check for an existing element, to avoid duplication. For example: | |
1282 | |
1283 @smallexample | |
1284 @group | |
25875 | 1285 (unless (assq 'leif-mode minor-mode-alist) |
1286 (setq minor-mode-alist | |
1287 (cons '(leif-mode " Leif") minor-mode-alist))) | |
1288 @end group | |
1289 @end smallexample | |
1290 | |
1291 @noindent | |
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1292 or like this, using @code{add-to-list} (@pxref{List Variables}): |
25875 | 1293 |
1294 @smallexample | |
1295 @group | |
1296 (add-to-list 'minor-mode-alist '(leif-mode " Leif")) | |
6451 | 1297 @end group |
1298 @end smallexample | |
1299 @end itemize | |
1300 | |
25751
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1301 Global minor modes distributed with Emacs should if possible support |
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1302 enabling and disabling via Custom (@pxref{Customization}). To do this, |
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1303 the first step is to define the mode variable with @code{defcustom}, and |
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1304 specify @code{:type boolean}. |
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1305 |
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1306 If just setting the variable is not sufficient to enable the mode, you |
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1307 should also specify a @code{:set} method which enables the mode by |
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1308 invoking the mode command. Note in the variable's documentation string that |
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1309 setting the variable other than via Custom may not take effect. |
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1310 |
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1311 Also mark the definition with an autoload cookie (@pxref{autoload cookie}), |
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1312 and specify a @code{:require} so that customizing the variable will load |
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1313 the library that defines the mode. This will copy suitable definitions |
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1314 into @file{loaddefs.el} so that users can use @code{customize-option} to |
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1315 enable the mode. For example: |
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1316 |
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1317 @smallexample |
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1318 @group |
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1319 |
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1320 ;;;###autoload |
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1321 (defcustom msb-mode nil |
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1322 "Toggle msb-mode. |
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1323 Setting this variable directly does not take effect; |
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1324 use either \\[customize] or the function `msb-mode'." |
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1325 :set 'custom-set-minor-mode |
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1326 :initialize 'custom-initialize-default |
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1327 :version "20.4" |
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1328 :type 'boolean |
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1329 :group 'msb |
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1330 :require 'msb) |
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1331 @end group |
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1332 @end smallexample |
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1333 |
6451 | 1334 @node Keymaps and Minor Modes |
1335 @subsection Keymaps and Minor Modes | |
1336 | |
12098 | 1337 Each minor mode can have its own keymap, which is active when the mode |
1338 is enabled. To set up a keymap for a minor mode, add an element to the | |
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1339 alist @code{minor-mode-map-alist}. @xref{Definition of minor-mode-map-alist}. |
6451 | 1340 |
1341 @cindex @code{self-insert-command}, minor modes | |
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1342 One use of minor mode keymaps is to modify the behavior of certain |
6451 | 1343 self-inserting characters so that they do something else as well as |
1344 self-insert. In general, this is the only way to do that, since the | |
1345 facilities for customizing @code{self-insert-command} are limited to | |
1346 special cases (designed for abbrevs and Auto Fill mode). (Do not try | |
1347 substituting your own definition of @code{self-insert-command} for the | |
1348 standard one. The editor command loop handles this function specially.) | |
1349 | |
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1350 The key sequences bound in a minor mode should consist of @kbd{C-c} |
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1351 followed by one of @kbd{.,/?`'"[]\|~!#$%^&*()-_+=}. (The other |
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1352 punctuation characters are reserved for major modes.) |
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1353 |
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1354 @node Defining Minor Modes |
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1355 @subsection Defining Minor Modes |
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1356 |
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1357 The macro @code{define-minor-mode} offers a convenient way of |
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1358 implementing a mode in one self-contained definition. |
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1359 |
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1360 @defmac define-minor-mode mode doc [init-value [lighter [keymap]]] keyword-args@dots{} body@dots{} |
51917
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1361 This macro defines a new minor mode whose name is @var{mode} (a |
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1362 symbol). It defines a command named @var{mode} to toggle the minor |
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1363 mode, with @var{doc} as its documentation string. It also defines a |
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1364 variable named @var{mode}, which is set to @code{t} or @code{nil} by |
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1365 enabling or disabling the mode. The variable is initialized to |
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1366 @var{init-value}. Except in unusual circumstances (see below), this |
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1367 value must be @code{nil}. |
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1368 |
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1369 The string @var{lighter} says what to display in the mode line |
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1370 when the mode is enabled; if it is @code{nil}, the mode is not displayed |
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1371 in the mode line. |
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1372 |
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1373 The optional argument @var{keymap} specifies the keymap for the minor mode. |
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1374 It can be a variable name, whose value is the keymap, or it can be an alist |
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1375 specifying bindings in this form: |
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1376 |
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1377 @example |
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1378 (@var{key-sequence} . @var{definition}) |
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1379 @end example |
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1380 |
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1381 The above three arguments @var{init-value}, @var{lighter}, and |
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1382 @var{keymap} can be (partially) omitted when @var{keyword-args} are |
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1383 used. The @var{keyword-args} consist of keywords followed by |
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1384 corresponding values. A few keywords have special meanings: |
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1385 |
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1386 @table @code |
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1387 @item :group @var{group} |
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1388 Custom group name to use in all generated @code{defcustom} forms. |
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1389 Defaults to @var{mode} without the possible trailing @samp{-mode}. |
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1390 @strong{Warning:} don't use this default group name unless you have |
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1391 written a @code{defgroup} to define that group properly. @xref{Group |
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1392 Definitions}. |
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1393 |
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1394 @item :global @var{global} |
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1395 If non-@code{nil}, this specifies that the minor mode should be global |
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1396 rather than buffer-local. It defaults to @code{nil}. |
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1397 |
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1398 One of the effects of making a minor mode global is that the |
75636 | 1399 @var{mode} variable becomes a customization variable. Toggling it |
1400 through the Custom interface turns the mode on and off, and its value | |
1401 can be saved for future Emacs sessions (@pxref{Saving | |
75635
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1402 Customizations,,, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. For the saved |
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1403 variable to work, you should ensure that the @code{define-minor-mode} |
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1404 form is evaluated each time Emacs starts; for packages that are not |
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1405 part of Emacs, the easiest way to do this is to specify a |
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1406 @code{:require} keyword. |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1407 |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1408 @item :init-value @var{init-value} |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1409 This is equivalent to specifying @var{init-value} positionally. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1410 |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1411 @item :lighter @var{lighter} |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1412 This is equivalent to specifying @var{lighter} positionally. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1413 |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1414 @item :keymap @var{keymap} |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1415 This is equivalent to specifying @var{keymap} positionally. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1416 @end table |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1417 |
64453
5bf18d0546ae
(Defining Minor Modes): Delete duplicate words.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
63583
diff
changeset
|
1418 Any other keyword arguments are passed directly to the |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1419 @code{defcustom} generated for the variable @var{mode}. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1420 |
62434
893818a65dc5
(Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
62355
diff
changeset
|
1421 The command named @var{mode} first performs the standard actions such |
893818a65dc5
(Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
62355
diff
changeset
|
1422 as setting the variable named @var{mode} and then executes the |
893818a65dc5
(Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
62355
diff
changeset
|
1423 @var{body} forms, if any. It finishes by running the mode hook |
893818a65dc5
(Defining Minor Modes): Mention the mode hook.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
62355
diff
changeset
|
1424 variable @code{@var{mode}-hook}. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1425 @end defmac |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1426 |
64845
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(Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64650
diff
changeset
|
1427 The initial value must be @code{nil} except in cases where (1) the |
68084 | 1428 mode is preloaded in Emacs, or (2) it is painless for loading to |
64845
583d71cf38e2
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64650
diff
changeset
|
1429 enable the mode even though the user did not request it. For |
583d71cf38e2
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64650
diff
changeset
|
1430 instance, if the mode has no effect unless something else is enabled, |
583d71cf38e2
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64650
diff
changeset
|
1431 and will always be loaded by that time, enabling it by default is |
583d71cf38e2
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64650
diff
changeset
|
1432 harmless. But these are unusual circumstances. Normally, the |
583d71cf38e2
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64650
diff
changeset
|
1433 initial value must be @code{nil}. |
583d71cf38e2
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain when init-value can be non-nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64650
diff
changeset
|
1434 |
51917
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(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1435 @findex easy-mmode-define-minor-mode |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1436 The name @code{easy-mmode-define-minor-mode} is an alias |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1437 for this macro. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1438 |
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26211
diff
changeset
|
1439 Here is an example of using @code{define-minor-mode}: |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1440 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1441 @smallexample |
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26211
diff
changeset
|
1442 (define-minor-mode hungry-mode |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
1443 "Toggle Hungry mode. |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48700
diff
changeset
|
1444 With no argument, this command toggles the mode. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1445 Non-null prefix argument turns on the mode. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1446 Null prefix argument turns off the mode. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1447 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1448 When Hungry mode is enabled, the control delete key |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1449 gobbles all preceding whitespace except the last. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1450 See the command \\[hungry-electric-delete]." |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1451 ;; The initial value. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1452 nil |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1453 ;; The indicator for the mode line. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1454 " Hungry" |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1455 ;; The minor mode bindings. |
59942
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
1456 '(("\C-\^?" . hungry-electric-delete)) |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1457 :group 'hunger) |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1458 @end smallexample |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1459 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1460 @noindent |
71957
61cb5aae3bc3
Put period and comma inside quotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71940
diff
changeset
|
1461 This defines a minor mode named ``Hungry mode,'' a command named |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1462 @code{hungry-mode} to toggle it, a variable named @code{hungry-mode} |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1463 which indicates whether the mode is enabled, and a variable named |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
1464 @code{hungry-mode-map} which holds the keymap that is active when the |
59942
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
1465 mode is enabled. It initializes the keymap with a key binding for |
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
1466 @kbd{C-@key{DEL}}. It puts the variable @code{hungry-mode} into |
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
1467 custom group @code{hunger}. There are no @var{body} forms---many |
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
1468 minor modes don't need any. |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1469 |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1470 Here's an equivalent way to write it: |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1471 |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1472 @smallexample |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1473 (define-minor-mode hungry-mode |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1474 "Toggle Hungry mode. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1475 With no argument, this command toggles the mode. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1476 Non-null prefix argument turns on the mode. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1477 Null prefix argument turns off the mode. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1478 |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1479 When Hungry mode is enabled, the control delete key |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1480 gobbles all preceding whitespace except the last. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1481 See the command \\[hungry-electric-delete]." |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1482 ;; The initial value. |
64650
82d9ac62ed1d
(Defining Minor Modes): The keyword for the initial value is
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
64453
diff
changeset
|
1483 :init-value nil |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1484 ;; The indicator for the mode line. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1485 :lighter " Hungry" |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1486 ;; The minor mode bindings. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1487 :keymap |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1488 '(("\C-\^?" . hungry-electric-delete) |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1489 ("\C-\M-\^?" |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1490 . (lambda () |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1491 (interactive) |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1492 (hungry-electric-delete t)))) |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1493 :group 'hunger) |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
1494 @end smallexample |
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26211
diff
changeset
|
1495 |
75635
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1496 @defmac define-globalized-minor-mode global-mode mode turn-on keyword-args@dots{} |
75049
80cfd51d8db9
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain effect of command
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
74589
diff
changeset
|
1497 This defines a global toggle named @var{global-mode} whose meaning is |
80cfd51d8db9
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain effect of command
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
74589
diff
changeset
|
1498 to enable or disable the buffer-local minor mode @var{mode} in all |
80cfd51d8db9
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain effect of command
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
74589
diff
changeset
|
1499 buffers. To turn on the minor mode in a buffer, it uses the function |
62329
37b336c94e15
(Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62259
diff
changeset
|
1500 @var{turn-on}; to turn off the minor mode, it calls @code{mode} with |
37b336c94e15
(Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62259
diff
changeset
|
1501 @minus{}1 as argument. |
37b336c94e15
(Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62259
diff
changeset
|
1502 |
75049
80cfd51d8db9
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain effect of command
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
74589
diff
changeset
|
1503 Globally enabling the mode also affects buffers subsequently created |
75110
310ec1edabf2
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75049
diff
changeset
|
1504 by visiting files, and buffers that use a major mode other than |
310ec1edabf2
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75049
diff
changeset
|
1505 Fundamental mode; but it does not detect the creation of a new buffer |
310ec1edabf2
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75049
diff
changeset
|
1506 in Fundamental mode. |
75049
80cfd51d8db9
(Defining Minor Modes): Explain effect of command
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
74589
diff
changeset
|
1507 |
75635
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1508 This defines the customization option @var{global-mode} (@pxref{Customization}), |
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1509 which can be toggled in the Custom interface to turn the minor mode on |
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1510 and off. As with @code{define-minor-mode}, you should ensure that the |
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1511 @code{define-globalized-minor-mode} form is evaluated each time Emacs |
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1512 starts, for example by providing a @code{:require} keyword. |
425b89152cb4
(Defining Minor Modes): Document that a :require keyword or similar
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
75250
diff
changeset
|
1513 |
62329
37b336c94e15
(Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62259
diff
changeset
|
1514 Use @code{:group @var{group}} in @var{keyword-args} to specify the |
37b336c94e15
(Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62259
diff
changeset
|
1515 custom group for the mode variable of the global minor mode. |
37b336c94e15
(Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62259
diff
changeset
|
1516 @end defmac |
37b336c94e15
(Defining Minor Modes): Define define-global-minor-mode.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62259
diff
changeset
|
1517 |
6451 | 1518 @node Mode Line Format |
52628
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
1519 @section Mode-Line Format |
6451 | 1520 @cindex mode line |
1521 | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1522 Each Emacs window (aside from minibuffer windows) typically has a mode |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1523 line at the bottom, which displays status information about the buffer |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1524 displayed in the window. The mode line contains information about the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1525 buffer, such as its name, associated file, depth of recursive editing, |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1526 and major and minor modes. A window can also have a @dfn{header |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1527 line}, which is much like the mode line but appears at the top of the |
60450
abf7b131c9ab
(Mode Line Format): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60230
diff
changeset
|
1528 window. |
6451 | 1529 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1530 This section describes how to control the contents of the mode line |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1531 and header line. We include it in this chapter because much of the |
6451 | 1532 information displayed in the mode line relates to the enabled major and |
1533 minor modes. | |
1534 | |
62345 | 1535 @menu |
67900
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1536 * Base: Mode Line Basics. Basic ideas of mode line control. |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1537 * Data: Mode Line Data. The data structure that controls the mode line. |
67909
a01ca682e5e1
(Mode Line Format): Correct typo in menu.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
67900
diff
changeset
|
1538 * Top: Mode Line Top. The top level variable, mode-line-format. |
62345 | 1539 * Mode Line Variables:: Variables used in that data structure. |
1540 * %-Constructs:: Putting information into a mode line. | |
1541 * Properties in Mode:: Using text properties in the mode line. | |
1542 * Header Lines:: Like a mode line, but at the top. | |
1543 * Emulating Mode Line:: Formatting text as the mode line would. | |
1544 @end menu | |
1545 | |
1546 @node Mode Line Basics | |
1547 @subsection Mode Line Basics | |
1548 | |
6451 | 1549 @code{mode-line-format} is a buffer-local variable that holds a |
72304
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1550 @dfn{mode line construct}, a kind of template, which controls what is |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1551 displayed on the mode line of the current buffer. The value of |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1552 @code{header-line-format} specifies the buffer's header line in the |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1553 same way. All windows for the same buffer use the same |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1554 @code{mode-line-format} and @code{header-line-format}. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1555 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1556 For efficiency, Emacs does not continuously recompute the mode |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1557 line and header line of a window. It does so when circumstances |
42296
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1558 appear to call for it---for instance, if you change the window |
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1559 configuration, switch buffers, narrow or widen the buffer, scroll, or |
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1560 change the buffer's modification status. If you modify any of the |
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1561 variables referenced by @code{mode-line-format} (@pxref{Mode Line |
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1562 Variables}), or any other variables and data structures that affect |
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1563 how text is displayed (@pxref{Display}), you may want to force an |
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1564 update of the mode line so as to display the new information or |
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1565 display it in the new way. |
6451 | 1566 |
52859
bc7fbf233421
(Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52841
diff
changeset
|
1567 @defun force-mode-line-update &optional all |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1568 Force redisplay of the current buffer's mode line and header line. |
42296
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1569 The next redisplay will update the mode line and header line based on |
52859
bc7fbf233421
(Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52841
diff
changeset
|
1570 the latest values of all relevant variables. With optional |
bc7fbf233421
(Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52841
diff
changeset
|
1571 non-@code{nil} @var{all}, force redisplay of all mode lines and header |
bc7fbf233421
(Mode Line Format): Mention force-mode-line-update's argument.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52841
diff
changeset
|
1572 lines. |
42296
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1573 |
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1574 This function also forces recomputation of the menu bar menus |
7b9a0bcca3c2
Explain mode line redisplay better.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
41938
diff
changeset
|
1575 and the frame title. |
6451 | 1576 @end defun |
1577 | |
59942
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
1578 The selected window's mode line is usually displayed in a different |
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
1579 color using the face @code{mode-line}. Other windows' mode lines |
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
1580 appear in the face @code{mode-line-inactive} instead. @xref{Faces}. |
6451 | 1581 |
1582 @node Mode Line Data | |
1583 @subsection The Data Structure of the Mode Line | |
52628
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
1584 @cindex mode-line construct |
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
1585 |
67900
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1586 The mode-line contents are controlled by a data structure called a |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1587 @dfn{mode-line construct}, made up of lists, strings, symbols, and |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1588 numbers kept in buffer-local variables. Each data type has a specific |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1589 meaning for the mode-line appearance, as described below. The same |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1590 data structure is used for constructing frame titles (@pxref{Frame |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1591 Titles}) and header lines (@pxref{Header Lines}). |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1592 |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1593 A mode-line construct may be as simple as a fixed string of text, |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1594 but it usually specifies how to combine fixed strings with variables' |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1595 values to construct the text. Many of these variables are themselves |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1596 defined to have mode-line constructs as their values. |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1597 |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1598 Here are the meanings of various data types as mode-line constructs: |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1599 |
6451 | 1600 @table @code |
1601 @cindex percent symbol in mode line | |
1602 @item @var{string} | |
72304
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1603 A string as a mode-line construct appears verbatim except for |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1604 @dfn{@code{%}-constructs} in it. These stand for substitution of |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1605 other data; see @ref{%-Constructs}. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1606 |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1607 If parts of the string have @code{face} properties, they control |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1608 display of the text just as they would text in the buffer. Any |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1609 characters which have no @code{face} properties are displayed, by |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1610 default, in the face @code{mode-line} or @code{mode-line-inactive} |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1611 (@pxref{Standard Faces,,, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). The |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1612 @code{help-echo} and @code{local-map} properties in @var{string} have |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1613 special meanings. @xref{Properties in Mode}. |
6451 | 1614 |
1615 @item @var{symbol} | |
52628
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
1616 A symbol as a mode-line construct stands for its value. The value of |
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
1617 @var{symbol} is used as a mode-line construct, in place of @var{symbol}. |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1618 However, the symbols @code{t} and @code{nil} are ignored, as is any |
7253
6ba87aed7836
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
1619 symbol whose value is void. |
6451 | 1620 |
1621 There is one exception: if the value of @var{symbol} is a string, it is | |
7253
6ba87aed7836
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
1622 displayed verbatim: the @code{%}-constructs are not recognized. |
6451 | 1623 |
52663
5f70316d2ec5
(Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52628
diff
changeset
|
1624 Unless @var{symbol} is marked as ``risky'' (i.e., it has a |
67900
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1625 non-@code{nil} @code{risky-local-variable} property), all text |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1626 properties specified in @var{symbol}'s value are ignored. This |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1627 includes the text properties of strings in @var{symbol}'s value, as |
72304
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1628 well as all @code{:eval} and @code{:propertize} forms in it. (The |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1629 reason for this is security: non-risky variables could be set |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
1630 automatically from file variables without prompting the user.) |
67900
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
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parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1631 |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1632 @item (@var{string} @var{rest}@dots{}) |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1633 @itemx (@var{list} @var{rest}@dots{}) |
7253
6ba87aed7836
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
1634 A list whose first element is a string or list means to process all the |
6ba87aed7836
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
6451
diff
changeset
|
1635 elements recursively and concatenate the results. This is the most |
52628
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
1636 common form of mode-line construct. |
6451 | 1637 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1638 @item (:eval @var{form}) |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1639 A list whose first element is the symbol @code{:eval} says to evaluate |
62539
14e404c9c65f
(Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
62488
diff
changeset
|
1640 @var{form}, and use the result as a string to display. Make sure this |
14e404c9c65f
(Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
62488
diff
changeset
|
1641 evaluation cannot load any files, as doing so could cause infinite |
14e404c9c65f
(Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
62488
diff
changeset
|
1642 recursion. |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
1643 |
52628
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
1644 @item (:propertize @var{elt} @var{props}@dots{}) |
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
1645 A list whose first element is the symbol @code{:propertize} says to |
67900
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
67572
diff
changeset
|
1646 process the mode-line construct @var{elt} recursively, then add the text |
52628
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
1647 properties specified by @var{props} to the result. The argument |
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|
1648 @var{props} should consist of zero or more pairs @var{text-property} |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
1649 @var{value}. (This feature is new as of Emacs 22.1.) |
52628
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|
1650 |
6451 | 1651 @item (@var{symbol} @var{then} @var{else}) |
63133
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1652 A list whose first element is a symbol that is not a keyword specifies |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
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|
1653 a conditional. Its meaning depends on the value of @var{symbol}. If |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
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|
1654 @var{symbol} has a non-@code{nil} value, the second element, |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
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|
1655 @var{then}, is processed recursively as a mode-line element. |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
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|
1656 Otherwise, the third element, @var{else}, is processed recursively. |
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|
1657 You may omit @var{else}; then the mode-line element displays nothing |
2244564c10de
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|
1658 if the value of @var{symbol} is @code{nil} or void. |
6451 | 1659 |
1660 @item (@var{width} @var{rest}@dots{}) | |
1661 A list whose first element is an integer specifies truncation or | |
1662 padding of the results of @var{rest}. The remaining elements | |
52628
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|
1663 @var{rest} are processed recursively as mode-line constructs and |
62539
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(Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1664 concatenated together. When @var{width} is positive, the result is |
14e404c9c65f
(Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
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diff
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|
1665 space filled on the right if its width is less than @var{width}. When |
14e404c9c65f
(Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
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diff
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|
1666 @var{width} is negative, the result is truncated on the right to |
14e404c9c65f
(Hooks): Delete confusing and unnecessary sentence.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
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diff
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|
1667 @minus{}@var{width} columns if its width exceeds @minus{}@var{width}. |
6451 | 1668 |
1669 For example, the usual way to show what percentage of a buffer is above | |
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|
1670 the top of the window is to use a list like this: @code{(-3 "%p")}. |
6451 | 1671 @end table |
1672 | |
67900
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|
1673 @node Mode Line Top |
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|
1674 @subsection The Top Level of Mode Line Control |
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|
1675 |
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|
1676 The variable in overall control of the mode line is |
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|
1677 @code{mode-line-format}. |
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|
1678 |
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|
1679 @defvar mode-line-format |
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|
1680 The value of this variable is a mode-line construct that controls the |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1681 contents of the mode-line. It is always buffer-local in all buffers. |
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|
1682 |
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|
1683 If you set this variable to @code{nil} in a buffer, that buffer does |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1684 not have a mode line. (A window that is just one line tall never |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1685 displays a mode line.) |
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|
1686 @end defvar |
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|
1687 |
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|
1688 The default value of @code{mode-line-format} is designed to use the |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1689 values of other variables such as @code{mode-line-position} and |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1690 @code{mode-line-modes} (which in turn incorporates the values of the |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1691 variables @code{mode-name} and @code{minor-mode-alist}). Very few |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1692 modes need to alter @code{mode-line-format} itself. For most |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1693 purposes, it is sufficient to alter some of the variables that |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1694 @code{mode-line-format} either directly or indirectly refers to. |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1695 |
6451 | 1696 If you do alter @code{mode-line-format} itself, the new value should |
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1697 use the same variables that appear in the default value (@pxref{Mode |
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|
1698 Line Variables}), rather than duplicating their contents or displaying |
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|
1699 the information in another fashion. This way, customizations made by |
12098 | 1700 the user or by Lisp programs (such as @code{display-time} and major |
1701 modes) via changes to those variables remain effective. | |
6451 | 1702 |
1703 @cindex Shell mode @code{mode-line-format} | |
1704 Here is an example of a @code{mode-line-format} that might be | |
21682
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|
1705 useful for @code{shell-mode}, since it contains the host name and default |
6451 | 1706 directory. |
1707 | |
1708 @example | |
1709 @group | |
1710 (setq mode-line-format | |
21682
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|
1711 (list "-" |
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|
1712 'mode-line-mule-info |
6451 | 1713 'mode-line-modified |
21682
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|
1714 'mode-line-frame-identification |
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|
1715 "%b--" |
6451 | 1716 @end group |
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|
1717 @group |
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|
1718 ;; @r{Note that this is evaluated while making the list.} |
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|
1719 ;; @r{It makes a mode-line construct which is just a string.} |
21007
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|
1720 (getenv "HOST") |
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1721 @end group |
49600
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|
1722 ":" |
6451 | 1723 'default-directory |
1724 " " | |
1725 'global-mode-string | |
7253
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|
1726 " %[(" |
25751
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|
1727 '(:eval (mode-line-mode-name)) |
49600
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|
1728 'mode-line-process |
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|
1729 'minor-mode-alist |
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|
1730 "%n" |
21682
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|
1731 ")%]--" |
6451 | 1732 @group |
21682
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|
1733 '(which-func-mode ("" which-func-format "--")) |
12098 | 1734 '(line-number-mode "L%l--") |
21682
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|
1735 '(column-number-mode "C%c--") |
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(Mode Line Data): Explain when symbols in mode-line
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|
1736 '(-3 "%p") |
6451 | 1737 "-%-")) |
1738 @end group | |
1739 @end example | |
1740 | |
22252
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|
1741 @noindent |
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1742 (The variables @code{line-number-mode}, @code{column-number-mode} |
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|
1743 and @code{which-func-mode} enable particular minor modes; as usual, |
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|
1744 these variable names are also the minor mode command names.) |
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|
1745 |
6451 | 1746 @node Mode Line Variables |
1747 @subsection Variables Used in the Mode Line | |
1748 | |
67900
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|
1749 This section describes variables incorporated by the standard value |
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|
1750 of @code{mode-line-format} into the text of the mode line. There is |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1751 nothing inherently special about these variables; any other variables |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1752 could have the same effects on the mode line if |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1753 @code{mode-line-format}'s value were changed to use them. However, |
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(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1754 various parts of Emacs set these variables on the understanding that |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1755 they will control parts of the mode line; therefore, practically |
1d5d6f907447
(Mode Line Top): New node.
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|
1756 speaking, it is essential for the mode line to use them. |
6451 | 1757 |
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|
1758 @defvar mode-line-mule-info |
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|
1759 This variable holds the value of the mode-line construct that displays |
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|
1760 information about the language environment, buffer coding system, and |
22138
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|
1761 current input method. @xref{Non-ASCII Characters}. |
21682
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|
1762 @end defvar |
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|
1763 |
6451 | 1764 @defvar mode-line-modified |
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1765 This variable holds the value of the mode-line construct that displays |
6451 | 1766 whether the current buffer is modified. |
1767 | |
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|
1768 The default value of @code{mode-line-modified} is @code{("%1*%1+")}. |
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1769 This means that the mode line displays @samp{**} if the buffer is |
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|
1770 modified, @samp{--} if the buffer is not modified, @samp{%%} if the |
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1771 buffer is read only, and @samp{%*} if the buffer is read only and |
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|
1772 modified. |
6451 | 1773 |
1774 Changing this variable does not force an update of the mode line. | |
1775 @end defvar | |
1776 | |
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1777 @defvar mode-line-frame-identification |
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|
1778 This variable identifies the current frame. The default value is |
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|
1779 @code{" "} if you are using a window system which can show multiple |
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|
1780 frames, or @code{"-%F "} on an ordinary terminal which shows only one |
21682
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|
1781 frame at a time. |
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|
1782 @end defvar |
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|
1783 |
6451 | 1784 @defvar mode-line-buffer-identification |
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|
1785 This variable identifies the buffer being displayed in the window. Its |
22267
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|
1786 default value is @code{("%12b")}, which displays the buffer name, padded |
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|
1787 with spaces to at least 12 columns. |
6451 | 1788 @end defvar |
1789 | |
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|
1790 @defvar mode-line-position |
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|
1791 This variable indicates the position in the buffer. Here is a |
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|
1792 simplified version of its default value. The actual default value |
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|
1793 also specifies addition of the @code{help-echo} text property. |
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|
1794 |
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|
1795 @example |
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|
1796 @group |
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|
1797 ((-3 "%p") |
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|
1798 (size-indication-mode (8 " of %I")) |
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|
1799 @end group |
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|
1800 @group |
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1801 (line-number-mode |
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|
1802 ((column-number-mode |
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|
1803 (10 " (%l,%c)") |
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|
1804 (6 " L%l"))) |
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1805 ((column-number-mode |
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|
1806 (5 " C%c"))))) |
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|
1807 @end group |
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|
1808 @end example |
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|
1809 |
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|
1810 This means that @code{mode-line-position} displays at least the buffer |
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|
1811 percentage and possibly the buffer size, the line number and the column |
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|
1812 number. |
6451 | 1813 @end defvar |
1814 | |
52628
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|
1815 @defvar vc-mode |
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|
1816 The variable @code{vc-mode}, buffer-local in each buffer, records |
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|
1817 whether the buffer's visited file is maintained with version control, |
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1818 and, if so, which kind. Its value is a string that appears in the mode |
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1819 line, or @code{nil} for no version control. |
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|
1820 @end defvar |
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|
1821 |
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|
1822 @defvar mode-line-modes |
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|
1823 This variable displays the buffer's major and minor modes. Here is a |
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|
1824 simplified version of its default value. The real default value also |
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|
1825 specifies addition of text properties. |
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|
1826 |
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|
1827 @example |
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|
1828 @group |
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|
1829 ("%[(" mode-name |
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1830 mode-line-process minor-mode-alist |
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1831 "%n" ")%]--") |
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1832 @end group |
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|
1833 @end example |
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|
1834 |
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1835 So @code{mode-line-modes} normally also displays the recursive editing |
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1836 level, information on the process status and whether narrowing is in |
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|
1837 effect. |
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1838 @end defvar |
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1839 |
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1840 The following three variables are used in @code{mode-line-modes}: |
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|
1841 |
6451 | 1842 @defvar mode-name |
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1843 This buffer-local variable holds the ``pretty'' name of the current |
6451 | 1844 buffer's major mode. Each major mode should set this variable so that the |
1845 mode name will appear in the mode line. | |
1846 @end defvar | |
1847 | |
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|
1848 @defvar mode-line-process |
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1849 This buffer-local variable contains the mode-line information on process |
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|
1850 status in modes used for communicating with subprocesses. It is |
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1851 displayed immediately following the major mode name, with no intervening |
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|
1852 space. For example, its value in the @samp{*shell*} buffer is |
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|
1853 @code{(":%s")}, which allows the shell to display its status along |
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(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
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|
1854 with the major mode as: @samp{(Shell:run)}. Normally this variable |
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1855 is @code{nil}. |
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1856 @end defvar |
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|
1857 |
6451 | 1858 @defvar minor-mode-alist |
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1859 @anchor{Definition of minor-mode-alist} |
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1860 This variable holds an association list whose elements specify how the |
6451 | 1861 mode line should indicate that a minor mode is active. Each element of |
1862 the @code{minor-mode-alist} should be a two-element list: | |
1863 | |
1864 @example | |
1865 (@var{minor-mode-variable} @var{mode-line-string}) | |
1866 @end example | |
1867 | |
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1868 More generally, @var{mode-line-string} can be any mode-line spec. It |
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|
1869 appears in the mode line when the value of @var{minor-mode-variable} |
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1870 is non-@code{nil}, and not otherwise. These strings should begin with |
6451 | 1871 spaces so that they don't run together. Conventionally, the |
52628
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1872 @var{minor-mode-variable} for a specific mode is set to a |
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|
1873 non-@code{nil} value when that minor mode is activated. |
6451 | 1874 |
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1875 @code{minor-mode-alist} itself is not buffer-local. Each variable |
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1876 mentioned in the alist should be buffer-local if its minor mode can be |
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1877 enabled separately in each buffer. |
6451 | 1878 @end defvar |
1879 | |
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1880 @defvar global-mode-string |
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1881 This variable holds a mode-line spec that, by default, appears in the |
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1882 mode line just after the @code{which-func-mode} minor mode if set, |
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1883 else after @code{mode-line-modes}. The command @code{display-time} |
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1884 sets @code{global-mode-string} to refer to the variable |
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1885 @code{display-time-string}, which holds a string containing the time |
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1886 and load information. |
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|
1887 |
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1888 The @samp{%M} construct substitutes the value of |
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1889 @code{global-mode-string}, but that is obsolete, since the variable is |
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1890 included in the mode line from @code{mode-line-format}. |
25875 | 1891 @end defvar |
1892 | |
1893 The variable @code{default-mode-line-format} is where | |
1894 @code{mode-line-format} usually gets its value: | |
1895 | |
6451 | 1896 @defvar default-mode-line-format |
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1897 This variable holds the default @code{mode-line-format} for buffers |
6451 | 1898 that do not override it. This is the same as @code{(default-value |
1899 'mode-line-format)}. | |
1900 | |
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1901 Here is a simplified version of the default value of |
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1902 @code{default-mode-line-format}. The real default value also |
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1903 specifies addition of text properties. |
6451 | 1904 |
1905 @example | |
1906 @group | |
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1907 ("-" |
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1908 mode-line-mule-info |
6451 | 1909 mode-line-modified |
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1910 mode-line-frame-identification |
6451 | 1911 mode-line-buffer-identification |
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1912 @end group |
6451 | 1913 " " |
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1914 mode-line-position |
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1915 (vc-mode vc-mode) |
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1916 " " |
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1917 @group |
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1918 mode-line-modes |
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1919 (which-func-mode ("" which-func-format "--")) |
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1920 (global-mode-string ("--" global-mode-string)) |
6451 | 1921 "-%-") |
1922 @end group | |
1923 @end example | |
1924 @end defvar | |
1925 | |
1926 @node %-Constructs | |
1927 @subsection @code{%}-Constructs in the Mode Line | |
1928 | |
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1929 Strings used as mode-line constructs can use certain |
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1930 @code{%}-constructs to substitute various kinds of data. Here is a |
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1931 list of the defined @code{%}-constructs, and what they mean. In any |
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1932 construct except @samp{%%}, you can add a decimal integer after the |
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1933 @samp{%} to specify a minimum field width. If the width is less, the |
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1934 field is padded with spaces to the right. |
6451 | 1935 |
1936 @table @code | |
1937 @item %b | |
1938 The current buffer name, obtained with the @code{buffer-name} function. | |
1939 @xref{Buffer Names}. | |
1940 | |
25875 | 1941 @item %c |
1942 The current column number of point. | |
1943 | |
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1944 @item %e |
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1945 When Emacs is nearly out of memory for Lisp objects, a brief message |
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1946 saying so. Otherwise, this is empty. |
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1947 |
6451 | 1948 @item %f |
1949 The visited file name, obtained with the @code{buffer-file-name} | |
1950 function. @xref{Buffer File Name}. | |
1951 | |
12067 | 1952 @item %F |
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1953 The title (only on a window system) or the name of the selected frame. |
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1954 @xref{Basic Parameters}. |
12067 | 1955 |
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1956 @item %i |
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1957 The size of the accessible part of the current buffer; basically |
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1958 @code{(- (point-max) (point-min))}. |
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1959 |
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1960 @item %I |
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1961 Like @samp{%i}, but the size is printed in a more readable way by using |
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1962 @samp{k} for 10^3, @samp{M} for 10^6, @samp{G} for 10^9, etc., to |
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1963 abbreviate. |
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1964 |
12067 | 1965 @item %l |
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1966 The current line number of point, counting within the accessible portion |
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1967 of the buffer. |
12067 | 1968 |
25875 | 1969 @item %n |
1970 @samp{Narrow} when narrowing is in effect; nothing otherwise (see | |
1971 @code{narrow-to-region} in @ref{Narrowing}). | |
1972 | |
1973 @item %p | |
1974 The percentage of the buffer text above the @strong{top} of window, or | |
1975 @samp{Top}, @samp{Bottom} or @samp{All}. Note that the default | |
1976 mode-line specification truncates this to three characters. | |
1977 | |
1978 @item %P | |
1979 The percentage of the buffer text that is above the @strong{bottom} of | |
1980 the window (which includes the text visible in the window, as well as | |
1981 the text above the top), plus @samp{Top} if the top of the buffer is | |
1982 visible on screen; or @samp{Bottom} or @samp{All}. | |
1983 | |
1984 @item %s | |
1985 The status of the subprocess belonging to the current buffer, obtained with | |
1986 @code{process-status}. @xref{Process Information}. | |
1987 | |
1988 @item %t | |
1989 Whether the visited file is a text file or a binary file. This is a | |
1990 meaningful distinction only on certain operating systems (@pxref{MS-DOS | |
1991 File Types}). | |
1992 | |
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1993 @item %z |
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|
1994 The mnemonics of keyboard, terminal, and buffer coding systems. |
70928
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|
1995 |
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|
1996 @item %Z |
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|
1997 Like @samp{%z}, but including the end-of-line format. |
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|
1998 |
6451 | 1999 @item %* |
2000 @samp{%} if the buffer is read only (see @code{buffer-read-only}); @* | |
2001 @samp{*} if the buffer is modified (see @code{buffer-modified-p}); @* | |
2002 @samp{-} otherwise. @xref{Buffer Modification}. | |
2003 | |
2004 @item %+ | |
12067 | 2005 @samp{*} if the buffer is modified (see @code{buffer-modified-p}); @* |
2006 @samp{%} if the buffer is read only (see @code{buffer-read-only}); @* | |
2007 @samp{-} otherwise. This differs from @samp{%*} only for a modified | |
2008 read-only buffer. @xref{Buffer Modification}. | |
2009 | |
2010 @item %& | |
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2011 @samp{*} if the buffer is modified, and @samp{-} otherwise. |
6451 | 2012 |
2013 @item %[ | |
2014 An indication of the depth of recursive editing levels (not counting | |
2015 minibuffer levels): one @samp{[} for each editing level. | |
2016 @xref{Recursive Editing}. | |
2017 | |
2018 @item %] | |
2019 One @samp{]} for each recursive editing level (not counting minibuffer | |
2020 levels). | |
2021 | |
25875 | 2022 @item %- |
2023 Dashes sufficient to fill the remainder of the mode line. | |
2024 | |
6451 | 2025 @item %% |
2026 The character @samp{%}---this is how to include a literal @samp{%} in a | |
2027 string in which @code{%}-constructs are allowed. | |
2028 @end table | |
2029 | |
2030 The following two @code{%}-constructs are still supported, but they are | |
2031 obsolete, since you can get the same results with the variables | |
2032 @code{mode-name} and @code{global-mode-string}. | |
2033 | |
2034 @table @code | |
2035 @item %m | |
2036 The value of @code{mode-name}. | |
2037 | |
2038 @item %M | |
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2039 The value of @code{global-mode-string}. |
6451 | 2040 @end table |
2041 | |
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2042 @node Properties in Mode |
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2043 @subsection Properties in the Mode Line |
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2044 @cindex text properties in the mode line |
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2045 |
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2046 Certain text properties are meaningful in the |
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2047 mode line. The @code{face} property affects the appearance of text; the |
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2048 @code{help-echo} property associates help strings with the text, and |
29102 | 2049 @code{local-map} can make the text mouse-sensitive. |
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2050 |
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2051 There are four ways to specify text properties for text in the mode |
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2052 line: |
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2053 |
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2054 @enumerate |
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2055 @item |
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2056 Put a string with a text property directly into the mode-line data |
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|
2057 structure. |
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2058 |
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2059 @item |
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|
2060 Put a text property on a mode-line %-construct such as @samp{%12b}; then |
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(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
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|
2061 the expansion of the %-construct will have that same text property. |
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|
2062 |
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|
2063 @item |
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|
2064 Use a @code{(:propertize @var{elt} @var{props}@dots{})} construct to |
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|
2065 give @var{elt} a text property specified by @var{props}. |
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2066 |
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2067 @item |
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2068 Use a list containing @code{:eval @var{form}} in the mode-line data |
52628
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|
2069 structure, and make @var{form} evaluate to a string that has a text |
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(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
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|
2070 property. |
25751
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2071 @end enumerate |
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2072 |
72304
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* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
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|
2073 You can use the @code{local-map} property to specify a keymap. This |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
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parents:
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|
2074 keymap only takes real effect for mouse clicks; binding character keys |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
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parents:
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|
2075 and function keys to it has no effect, since it is impossible to move |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
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|
2076 point into the mode line. |
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2077 |
59942
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|
2078 When the mode line refers to a variable which does not have a |
1f6a9cf44999
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|
2079 non-@code{nil} @code{risky-local-variable} property, any text |
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|
2080 properties given or specified within that variable's values are |
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|
2081 ignored. This is because such properties could otherwise specify |
1f6a9cf44999
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|
2082 functions to be called, and those functions could come from file |
1f6a9cf44999
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|
2083 local variables. |
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|
2084 |
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2085 @node Header Lines |
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2086 @subsection Window Header Lines |
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2087 @cindex header line (of a window) |
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2088 @cindex window header line |
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2089 |
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|
2090 A window can have a @dfn{header line} at the |
25751
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2091 top, just as it can have a mode line at the bottom. The header line |
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2092 feature works just like the mode-line feature, except that it's |
25751
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2093 controlled by different variables. |
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2094 |
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2095 @defvar header-line-format |
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2096 This variable, local in every buffer, specifies how to display the |
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2097 header line, for windows displaying the buffer. The format of the value |
26783 | 2098 is the same as for @code{mode-line-format} (@pxref{Mode Line Data}). |
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2099 @end defvar |
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2100 |
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2101 @defvar default-header-line-format |
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2102 This variable holds the default @code{header-line-format} for buffers |
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2103 that do not override it. This is the same as @code{(default-value |
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2104 'header-line-format)}. |
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2105 |
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2106 It is normally @code{nil}, so that ordinary buffers have no header line. |
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2107 @end defvar |
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2108 |
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|
2109 A window that is just one line tall never displays a header line. A |
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|
2110 window that is two lines tall cannot display both a mode line and a |
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|
2111 header line at once; if it has a mode line, then it does not display a |
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2112 header line. |
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|
2113 |
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|
2114 @node Emulating Mode Line |
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2115 @subsection Emulating Mode-Line Formatting |
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2116 |
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2117 You can use the function @code{format-mode-line} to compute |
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|
2118 the text that would appear in a mode line or header line |
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|
2119 based on a certain mode-line specification. |
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|
2120 |
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|
2121 @defun format-mode-line format &optional face window buffer |
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|
2122 This function formats a line of text according to @var{format} as if |
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|
2123 it were generating the mode line for @var{window}, but instead of |
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|
2124 displaying the text in the mode line or the header line, it returns |
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|
2125 the text as a string. The argument @var{window} defaults to the |
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|
2126 selected window. If @var{buffer} is non-@code{nil}, all the |
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|
2127 information used is taken from @var{buffer}; by default, it comes from |
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|
2128 @var{window}'s buffer. |
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|
2129 |
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|
2130 The value string normally has text properties that correspond to the |
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|
2131 faces, keymaps, etc., that the mode line would have. And any character |
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|
2132 for which no @code{face} property is specified gets a default |
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|
2133 value which is usually @var{face}. (If @var{face} is @code{t}, |
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|
2134 that stands for either @code{mode-line} if @var{window} is selected, |
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|
2135 otherwise @code{mode-line-inactive}. If @var{face} is @code{nil} or |
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|
2136 omitted, that stands for no face property.) |
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|
2137 |
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|
2138 However, if @var{face} is an integer, the value has no text properties. |
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|
2139 |
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|
2140 For example, @code{(format-mode-line header-line-format)} returns the |
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|
2141 text that would appear in the selected window's header line (@code{""} |
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|
2142 if it has no header line). @code{(format-mode-line header-line-format |
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|
2143 'header-line)} returns the same text, with each character |
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|
2144 carrying the face that it will have in the header line itself. |
52187
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|
2145 @end defun |
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2146 |
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2147 @node Imenu |
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2148 @section Imenu |
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2149 |
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2150 @cindex Imenu |
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2151 @dfn{Imenu} is a feature that lets users select a definition or |
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2152 section in the buffer, from a menu which lists all of them, to go |
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|
2153 directly to that location in the buffer. Imenu works by constructing |
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2154 a buffer index which lists the names and buffer positions of the |
25875 | 2155 definitions, or other named portions of the buffer; then the user can |
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2156 choose one of them and move point to it. Major modes can add a menu |
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2157 bar item to use Imenu using @code{imenu-add-to-menubar}. |
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2158 |
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2159 @defun imenu-add-to-menubar name |
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2160 This function defines a local menu bar item named @var{name} |
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2161 to run Imenu. |
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|
2162 @end defun |
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2163 |
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2164 The user-level commands for using Imenu are described in the Emacs |
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|
2165 Manual (@pxref{Imenu,, Imenu, emacs, the Emacs Manual}). This section |
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|
2166 explains how to customize Imenu's method of finding definitions or |
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2167 buffer portions for a particular major mode. |
21682
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2168 |
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2169 The usual and simplest way is to set the variable |
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2170 @code{imenu-generic-expression}: |
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2171 |
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2172 @defvar imenu-generic-expression |
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2173 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, is a list that specifies regular |
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|
2174 expressions for finding definitions for Imenu. Simple elements of |
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|
2175 @code{imenu-generic-expression} look like this: |
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2176 |
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2177 @example |
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2178 (@var{menu-title} @var{regexp} @var{index}) |
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2179 @end example |
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2180 |
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2181 Here, if @var{menu-title} is non-@code{nil}, it says that the matches |
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2182 for this element should go in a submenu of the buffer index; |
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2183 @var{menu-title} itself specifies the name for the submenu. If |
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2184 @var{menu-title} is @code{nil}, the matches for this element go directly |
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2185 in the top level of the buffer index. |
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2186 |
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2187 The second item in the list, @var{regexp}, is a regular expression |
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|
2188 (@pxref{Regular Expressions}); anything in the buffer that it matches |
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2189 is considered a definition, something to mention in the buffer index. |
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2190 The third item, @var{index}, is a non-negative integer that indicates |
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2191 which subexpression in @var{regexp} matches the definition's name. |
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2192 |
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2193 An element can also look like this: |
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2194 |
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2195 @example |
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2196 (@var{menu-title} @var{regexp} @var{index} @var{function} @var{arguments}@dots{}) |
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2197 @end example |
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2198 |
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|
2199 Each match for this element creates an index item, and when the index |
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|
2200 item is selected by the user, it calls @var{function} with arguments |
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(Imenu): Clarify what special items do.
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|
2201 consisting of the item name, the buffer position, and @var{arguments}. |
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|
2202 |
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|
2203 For Emacs Lisp mode, @code{imenu-generic-expression} could look like |
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|
2204 this: |
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2205 |
22138
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2206 @c should probably use imenu-syntax-alist and \\sw rather than [-A-Za-z0-9+] |
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2207 @example |
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2208 @group |
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2209 ((nil "^\\s-*(def\\(un\\|subst\\|macro\\|advice\\)\ |
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2210 \\s-+\\([-A-Za-z0-9+]+\\)" 2) |
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2211 @end group |
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2212 @group |
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2213 ("*Vars*" "^\\s-*(def\\(var\\|const\\)\ |
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2214 \\s-+\\([-A-Za-z0-9+]+\\)" 2) |
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2215 @end group |
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2216 @group |
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2217 ("*Types*" |
22138
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2218 "^\\s-*\ |
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2219 (def\\(type\\|struct\\|class\\|ine-condition\\)\ |
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2220 \\s-+\\([-A-Za-z0-9+]+\\)" 2)) |
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2221 @end group |
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2222 @end example |
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2223 |
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2224 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer. |
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2225 @end defvar |
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2226 |
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2227 @defvar imenu-case-fold-search |
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2228 This variable controls whether matching against the regular |
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|
2229 expressions in the value of @code{imenu-generic-expression} is |
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|
2230 case-sensitive: @code{t}, the default, means matching should ignore |
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|
2231 case. |
22138
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2232 |
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2233 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer. |
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2234 @end defvar |
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2235 |
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2236 @defvar imenu-syntax-alist |
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2237 This variable is an alist of syntax table modifiers to use while |
22252
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2238 processing @code{imenu-generic-expression}, to override the syntax table |
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2239 of the current buffer. Each element should have this form: |
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2240 |
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|
2241 @example |
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2242 (@var{characters} . @var{syntax-description}) |
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2243 @end example |
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2244 |
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2245 The @sc{car}, @var{characters}, can be either a character or a string. |
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2246 The element says to give that character or characters the syntax |
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2247 specified by @var{syntax-description}, which is passed to |
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2248 @code{modify-syntax-entry} (@pxref{Syntax Table Functions}). |
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2249 |
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2250 This feature is typically used to give word syntax to characters which |
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2251 normally have symbol syntax, and thus to simplify |
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2252 @code{imenu-generic-expression} and speed up matching. |
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2253 For example, Fortran mode uses it this way: |
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2254 |
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2255 @example |
52001
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2256 (setq imenu-syntax-alist '(("_$" . "w"))) |
22138
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2257 @end example |
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2258 |
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2259 The @code{imenu-generic-expression} regular expressions can then use |
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|
2260 @samp{\\sw+} instead of @samp{\\(\\sw\\|\\s_\\)+}. Note that this |
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|
2261 technique may be inconvenient when the mode needs to limit the initial |
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|
2262 character of a name to a smaller set of characters than are allowed in |
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2263 the rest of a name. |
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2264 |
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2265 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer. |
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2266 @end defvar |
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2267 |
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2268 Another way to customize Imenu for a major mode is to set the |
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2269 variables @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} and |
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2270 @code{imenu-extract-index-name-function}: |
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2271 |
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2272 @defvar imenu-prev-index-position-function |
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2273 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, its value should be a function that |
25875 | 2274 finds the next ``definition'' to put in the buffer index, scanning |
2275 backward in the buffer from point. It should return @code{nil} if it | |
48700 | 2276 doesn't find another ``definition'' before point. Otherwise it should |
68084 | 2277 leave point at the place it finds a ``definition'' and return any |
25875 | 2278 non-@code{nil} value. |
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2279 |
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2280 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer. |
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2281 @end defvar |
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2282 |
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2283 @defvar imenu-extract-index-name-function |
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2284 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, its value should be a function to |
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2285 return the name for a definition, assuming point is in that definition |
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2286 as the @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} function would leave |
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2287 it. |
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2288 |
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2289 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer. |
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2290 @end defvar |
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2291 |
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2292 The last way to customize Imenu for a major mode is to set the |
25875 | 2293 variable @code{imenu-create-index-function}: |
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2294 |
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2295 @defvar imenu-create-index-function |
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2296 This variable specifies the function to use for creating a buffer |
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2297 index. The function should take no arguments, and return an index |
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2298 alist for the current buffer. It is called within |
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2299 @code{save-excursion}, so where it leaves point makes no difference. |
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2300 |
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|
2301 The index alist can have three types of elements. Simple elements |
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2302 look like this: |
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2303 |
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|
2304 @example |
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|
2305 (@var{index-name} . @var{index-position}) |
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|
2306 @end example |
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|
2307 |
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|
2308 Selecting a simple element has the effect of moving to position |
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|
2309 @var{index-position} in the buffer. Special elements look like this: |
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2310 |
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|
2311 @example |
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|
2312 (@var{index-name} @var{index-position} @var{function} @var{arguments}@dots{}) |
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|
2313 @end example |
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|
2314 |
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|
2315 Selecting a special element performs: |
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|
2316 |
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|
2317 @example |
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|
2318 (funcall @var{function} |
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|
2319 @var{index-name} @var{index-position} @var{arguments}@dots{}) |
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|
2320 @end example |
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|
2321 |
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|
2322 A nested sub-alist element looks like this: |
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|
2323 |
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|
2324 @example |
52802
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|
2325 (@var{menu-title} @var{sub-alist}) |
52744
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|
2326 @end example |
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|
2327 |
52802
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|
2328 It creates the submenu @var{menu-title} specified by @var{sub-alist}. |
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2329 |
675fbfca3a2a
(Imenu): Mention imenu-create-index-function's default value.
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|
2330 The default value of @code{imenu-create-index-function} is |
63583
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|
2331 @code{imenu-default-create-index-function}. This function calls the |
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2332 value of @code{imenu-prev-index-position-function} and the value of |
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|
2333 @code{imenu-extract-index-name-function} to produce the index alist. |
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|
2334 However, if either of these two variables is @code{nil}, the default |
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|
2335 function uses @code{imenu-generic-expression} instead. |
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2336 |
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|
2337 Setting this variable makes it buffer-local in the current buffer. |
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|
2338 @end defvar |
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2339 |
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|
2340 @node Font Lock Mode |
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|
2341 @section Font Lock Mode |
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2342 @cindex Font Lock Mode |
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2343 |
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2344 @dfn{Font Lock mode} is a feature that automatically attaches |
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2345 @code{face} properties to certain parts of the buffer based on their |
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|
2346 syntactic role. How it parses the buffer depends on the major mode; |
25875 | 2347 most major modes define syntactic criteria for which faces to use in |
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2348 which contexts. This section explains how to customize Font Lock for a |
25875 | 2349 particular major mode. |
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2350 |
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2351 Font Lock mode finds text to highlight in two ways: through |
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|
2352 syntactic parsing based on the syntax table, and through searching |
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|
2353 (usually for regular expressions). Syntactic fontification happens |
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|
2354 first; it finds comments and string constants and highlights them. |
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2355 Search-based fontification happens second. |
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2356 |
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2357 @menu |
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2358 * Font Lock Basics:: Overview of customizing Font Lock. |
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2359 * Search-based Fontification:: Fontification based on regexps. |
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2360 * Customizing Keywords:: Customizing search-based fontification. |
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2361 * Other Font Lock Variables:: Additional customization facilities. |
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2362 * Levels of Font Lock:: Each mode can define alternative levels |
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2363 so that the user can select more or less. |
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2364 * Precalculated Fontification:: How Lisp programs that produce the buffer |
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2365 contents can also specify how to fontify it. |
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|
2366 * Faces for Font Lock:: Special faces specifically for Font Lock. |
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2367 * Syntactic Font Lock:: Fontification based on syntax tables. |
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|
2368 * Setting Syntax Properties:: Defining character syntax based on context |
59942
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|
2369 using the Font Lock mechanism. |
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|
2370 * Multiline Font Lock:: How to coerce Font Lock into properly |
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|
2371 highlighting multiline constructs. |
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2372 @end menu |
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2373 |
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2374 @node Font Lock Basics |
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2375 @subsection Font Lock Basics |
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2376 |
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2377 There are several variables that control how Font Lock mode highlights |
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2378 text. But major modes should not set any of these variables directly. |
24934 | 2379 Instead, they should set @code{font-lock-defaults} as a buffer-local |
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2380 variable. The value assigned to this variable is used, if and when Font |
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2381 Lock mode is enabled, to set all the other variables. |
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2382 |
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2383 @defvar font-lock-defaults |
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2384 This variable is set by major modes, as a buffer-local variable, to |
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2385 specify how to fontify text in that mode. It automatically becomes |
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2386 buffer-local when you set it. If its value is @code{nil}, Font-Lock |
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2387 mode does no highlighting, and you can use the @samp{Faces} menu |
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2388 (under @samp{Edit} and then @samp{Text Properties} in the menu bar) to |
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2389 assign faces explicitly to text in the buffer. |
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2390 |
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2391 If non-@code{nil}, the value should look like this: |
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2392 |
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2393 @example |
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2394 (@var{keywords} [@var{keywords-only} [@var{case-fold} |
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2395 [@var{syntax-alist} [@var{syntax-begin} @var{other-vars}@dots{}]]]]) |
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2396 @end example |
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2397 |
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2398 The first element, @var{keywords}, indirectly specifies the value of |
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2399 @code{font-lock-keywords} which directs search-based fontification. |
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2400 It can be a symbol, a variable or a function whose value is the list |
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2401 to use for @code{font-lock-keywords}. It can also be a list of |
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2402 several such symbols, one for each possible level of fontification. |
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2403 The first symbol specifies how to do level 1 fontification, the second |
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2404 symbol how to do level 2, and so on. @xref{Levels of Font Lock}. |
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2405 |
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2406 The second element, @var{keywords-only}, specifies the value of the |
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2407 variable @code{font-lock-keywords-only}. If this is omitted or |
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2408 @code{nil}, syntactic fontification (of strings and comments) is also |
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2409 performed. If this is non-@code{nil}, such fontification is not |
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2410 performed. @xref{Syntactic Font Lock}. |
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2411 |
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2412 The third element, @var{case-fold}, specifies the value of |
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2413 @code{font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search}. If it is non-@code{nil}, |
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2414 Font Lock mode ignores case when searching as directed by |
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2415 @code{font-lock-keywords}. |
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2416 |
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2417 If the fourth element, @var{syntax-alist}, is non-@code{nil}, it |
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2418 should be a list of cons cells of the form @code{(@var{char-or-string} |
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2419 . @var{string})}. These are used to set up a syntax table for |
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2420 syntactic fontification (@pxref{Syntax Table Functions}). The |
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2421 resulting syntax table is stored in @code{font-lock-syntax-table}. |
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2422 |
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2423 The fifth element, @var{syntax-begin}, specifies the value of |
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2424 @code{font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function}. We recommend setting |
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2425 this variable to @code{nil} and using @code{syntax-begin-function} |
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2426 instead. |
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2427 |
25875 | 2428 All the remaining elements (if any) are collectively called |
2429 @var{other-vars}. Each of these elements should have the form | |
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2430 @code{(@var{variable} . @var{value})}---which means, make |
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2431 @var{variable} buffer-local and then set it to @var{value}. You can |
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2432 use these @var{other-vars} to set other variables that affect |
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2433 fontification, aside from those you can control with the first five |
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2434 elements. @xref{Other Font Lock Variables}. |
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2435 @end defvar |
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2436 |
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2437 If your mode fontifies text explicitly by adding |
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2438 @code{font-lock-face} properties, it can specify @code{(nil t)} for |
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2439 @code{font-lock-defaults} to turn off all automatic fontification. |
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2440 However, this is not required; it is possible to fontify some things |
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2441 using @code{font-lock-face} properties and set up automatic |
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2442 fontification for other parts of the text. |
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2443 |
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2444 @node Search-based Fontification |
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2445 @subsection Search-based Fontification |
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2446 |
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2447 The most important variable for customizing Font Lock mode is |
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2448 @code{font-lock-keywords}. It specifies the search criteria for |
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2449 search-based fontification. You should specify the value of this |
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2450 variable with @var{keywords} in @code{font-lock-defaults}. |
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2451 |
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2452 @defvar font-lock-keywords |
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2453 This variable's value is a list of the keywords to highlight. Be |
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2454 careful when composing regular expressions for this list; a poorly |
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2455 written pattern can dramatically slow things down! |
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2456 @end defvar |
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2457 |
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2458 Each element of @code{font-lock-keywords} specifies how to find |
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2459 certain cases of text, and how to highlight those cases. Font Lock mode |
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2460 processes the elements of @code{font-lock-keywords} one by one, and for |
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2461 each element, it finds and handles all matches. Ordinarily, once |
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2462 part of the text has been fontified already, this cannot be overridden |
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2463 by a subsequent match in the same text; but you can specify different |
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2464 behavior using the @var{override} element of a @var{subexp-highlighter}. |
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2465 |
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2466 Each element of @code{font-lock-keywords} should have one of these |
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2467 forms: |
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2468 |
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2469 @table @code |
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2470 @item @var{regexp} |
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2471 Highlight all matches for @var{regexp} using |
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2472 @code{font-lock-keyword-face}. For example, |
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2473 |
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2474 @example |
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2475 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of the word @samp{foo}} |
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2476 ;; @r{using @code{font-lock-keyword-face}.} |
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2477 "\\<foo\\>" |
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2478 @end example |
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2479 |
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2480 The function @code{regexp-opt} (@pxref{Regexp Functions}) is useful |
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2481 for calculating optimal regular expressions to match a number of |
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2482 different keywords. |
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2483 |
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2484 @item @var{function} |
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2485 Find text by calling @var{function}, and highlight the matches |
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2486 it finds using @code{font-lock-keyword-face}. |
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2487 |
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2488 When @var{function} is called, it receives one argument, the limit of |
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2489 the search; it should begin searching at point, and not search beyond the |
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changeset
|
2490 limit. It should return non-@code{nil} if it succeeds, and set the |
f8c0a921c536
Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40928
diff
changeset
|
2491 match data to describe the match that was found. Returning @code{nil} |
f8c0a921c536
Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40928
diff
changeset
|
2492 indicates failure of the search. |
f8c0a921c536
Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40928
diff
changeset
|
2493 |
f8c0a921c536
Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40928
diff
changeset
|
2494 Fontification will call @var{function} repeatedly with the same limit, |
f8c0a921c536
Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40928
diff
changeset
|
2495 and with point where the previous invocation left it, until |
f8c0a921c536
Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40928
diff
changeset
|
2496 @var{function} fails. On failure, @var{function} need not reset point |
f8c0a921c536
Improve doc of font-lock-keywords.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40928
diff
changeset
|
2497 in any particular way. |
21007
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2498 |
61377
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(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2499 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{subexp}) |
24934 | 2500 In this kind of element, @var{matcher} is either a regular |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2501 expression or a function, as described above. The @sc{cdr}, |
61377
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2502 @var{subexp}, specifies which subexpression of @var{matcher} should be |
21682
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
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|
2503 highlighted (instead of the entire text that @var{matcher} matched). |
21007
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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|
2504 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2505 @example |
25751
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parents:
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diff
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|
2506 ;; @r{Highlight the @samp{bar} in each occurrence of @samp{fubar},} |
21007
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2507 ;; @r{using @code{font-lock-keyword-face}.} |
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parents:
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|
2508 ("fu\\(bar\\)" . 1) |
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parents:
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|
2509 @end example |
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|
2510 |
21682
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parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2511 If you use @code{regexp-opt} to produce the regular expression |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63133
diff
changeset
|
2512 @var{matcher}, you can use @code{regexp-opt-depth} (@pxref{Regexp |
61377
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2513 Functions}) to calculate the value for @var{subexp}. |
21007
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2514 |
53430
7abfe409def6
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52978
diff
changeset
|
2515 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{facespec}) |
61678
3c8535295b32
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61377
diff
changeset
|
2516 In this kind of element, @var{facespec} is an expression whose value |
3c8535295b32
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61377
diff
changeset
|
2517 specifies the face to use for highlighting. In the simplest case, |
3c8535295b32
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61377
diff
changeset
|
2518 @var{facespec} is a Lisp variable (a symbol) whose value is a face |
3c8535295b32
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61377
diff
changeset
|
2519 name. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
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|
2520 |
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|
2521 @example |
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|
2522 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of @samp{fubar},} |
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|
2523 ;; @r{using the face which is the value of @code{fubar-face}.} |
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|
2524 ("fubar" . fubar-face) |
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|
2525 @end example |
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diff
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|
2526 |
61678
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(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61377
diff
changeset
|
2527 However, @var{facespec} can also evaluate to a list of this form: |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
2528 |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
2529 @example |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
2530 (face @var{face} @var{prop1} @var{val1} @var{prop2} @var{val2}@dots{}) |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
2531 @end example |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
2532 |
61678
3c8535295b32
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61377
diff
changeset
|
2533 @noindent |
61377
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2534 to specify the face @var{face} and various additional text properties |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2535 to put on the text that matches. If you do this, be sure to add the |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2536 other text property names that you set in this way to the value of |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2537 @code{font-lock-extra-managed-props} so that the properties will also |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2538 be cleared out when they are no longer appropriate. Alternatively, |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2539 you can set the variable @code{font-lock-unfontify-region-function} to |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2540 a function that clears these properties. @xref{Other Font Lock |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2541 Variables}. |
61377
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2542 |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2543 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{subexp-highlighter}) |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2544 In this kind of element, @var{subexp-highlighter} is a list |
21007
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
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|
2545 which specifies how to highlight matches found by @var{matcher}. |
61377
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2546 It has the form: |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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changeset
|
2547 |
66d807bdc5b4
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2548 @example |
61377
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(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2549 (@var{subexp} @var{facespec} [[@var{override} [@var{laxmatch}]]) |
21007
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|
2550 @end example |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2551 |
66d807bdc5b4
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parents:
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changeset
|
2552 The @sc{car}, @var{subexp}, is an integer specifying which subexpression |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2553 of the match to fontify (0 means the entire matching text). The second |
61678
3c8535295b32
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61377
diff
changeset
|
2554 subelement, @var{facespec}, is an expression whose value specifies the |
3c8535295b32
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61377
diff
changeset
|
2555 face, as described above. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2556 |
61377
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2557 The last two values in @var{subexp-highlighter}, @var{override} and |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2558 @var{laxmatch}, are optional flags. If @var{override} is @code{t}, |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2559 this element can override existing fontification made by previous |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2560 elements of @code{font-lock-keywords}. If it is @code{keep}, then |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2561 each character is fontified if it has not been fontified already by |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2562 some other element. If it is @code{prepend}, the face specified by |
53430
7abfe409def6
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52978
diff
changeset
|
2563 @var{facespec} is added to the beginning of the @code{font-lock-face} |
7abfe409def6
(Search-based Fontification): Explain that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52978
diff
changeset
|
2564 property. If it is @code{append}, the face is added to the end of the |
52187
a39b6df244a7
(Emulating Mode Line): New node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52001
diff
changeset
|
2565 @code{font-lock-face} property. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
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parents:
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changeset
|
2566 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2567 If @var{laxmatch} is non-@code{nil}, it means there should be no error |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2568 if there is no subexpression numbered @var{subexp} in @var{matcher}. |
25975
e368b754fe25
Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
25950
diff
changeset
|
2569 Obviously, fontification of the subexpression numbered @var{subexp} will |
e368b754fe25
Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
25950
diff
changeset
|
2570 not occur. However, fontification of other subexpressions (and other |
e368b754fe25
Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
25950
diff
changeset
|
2571 regexps) will continue. If @var{laxmatch} is @code{nil}, and the |
57213
3497eca006fe
Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56768
diff
changeset
|
2572 specified subexpression is missing, then an error is signaled which |
25975
e368b754fe25
Add patch from rms around line 1870.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
25950
diff
changeset
|
2573 terminates search-based fontification. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
2574 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2575 Here are some examples of elements of this kind, and what they do: |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
2576 |
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|
2577 @smallexample |
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(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
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61322
diff
changeset
|
2578 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of either @samp{foo} or @samp{bar}, using} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
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|
2579 ;; @r{@code{foo-bar-face}, even if they have already been highlighted.} |
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|
2580 ;; @r{@code{foo-bar-face} should be a variable whose value is a face.} |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
2581 ("foo\\|bar" 0 foo-bar-face t) |
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diff
changeset
|
2582 |
25751
467b88fab665
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parents:
24934
diff
changeset
|
2583 ;; @r{Highlight the first subexpression within each occurrence} |
21007
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|
2584 ;; @r{that the function @code{fubar-match} finds,} |
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|
2585 ;; @r{using the face which is the value of @code{fubar-face}.} |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
2586 (fubar-match 1 fubar-face) |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2587 @end smallexample |
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changeset
|
2588 |
61377
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(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2589 @item (@var{matcher} . @var{anchored-highlighter}) |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2590 In this kind of element, @var{anchored-highlighter} specifies how to |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2591 highlight text that follows a match found by @var{matcher}. So a |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2592 match found by @var{matcher} acts as the anchor for further searches |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2593 specified by @var{anchored-highlighter}. @var{anchored-highlighter} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2594 is a list of the following form: |
21007
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*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
2595 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
2596 @example |
61377
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(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2597 (@var{anchored-matcher} @var{pre-form} @var{post-form} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2598 @var{subexp-highlighters}@dots{}) |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
2599 @end example |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
2600 |
61377
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(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2601 Here, @var{anchored-matcher}, like @var{matcher}, is either a regular |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2602 expression or a function. After a match of @var{matcher} is found, |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2603 point is at the end of the match. Now, Font Lock evaluates the form |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2604 @var{pre-form}. Then it searches for matches of |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2605 @var{anchored-matcher} and uses @var{subexp-highlighters} to highlight |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2606 these. A @var{subexp-highlighter} is as described above. Finally, |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2607 Font Lock evaluates @var{post-form}. |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2608 |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2609 The forms @var{pre-form} and @var{post-form} can be used to initialize |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2610 before, and cleanup after, @var{anchored-matcher} is used. Typically, |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2611 @var{pre-form} is used to move point to some position relative to the |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2612 match of @var{matcher}, before starting with @var{anchored-matcher}. |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2613 @var{post-form} might be used to move back, before resuming with |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2614 @var{matcher}. |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2615 |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2616 After Font Lock evaluates @var{pre-form}, it does not search for |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2617 @var{anchored-matcher} beyond the end of the line. However, if |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2618 @var{pre-form} returns a buffer position that is greater than the |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2619 position of point after @var{pre-form} is evaluated, then the position |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2620 returned by @var{pre-form} is used as the limit of the search instead. |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2621 It is generally a bad idea to return a position greater than the end |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2622 of the line; in other words, the @var{anchored-matcher} search should |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2623 not span lines. |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2624 |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2625 For example, |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2626 |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2627 @smallexample |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2628 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of the word @samp{item} following} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2629 ;; @r{an occurrence of the word @samp{anchor} (on the same line)} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2630 ;; @r{in the value of @code{item-face}.} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2631 ("\\<anchor\\>" "\\<item\\>" nil nil (0 item-face)) |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2632 @end smallexample |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2633 |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2634 Here, @var{pre-form} and @var{post-form} are @code{nil}. Therefore |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2635 searching for @samp{item} starts at the end of the match of |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2636 @samp{anchor}, and searching for subsequent instances of @samp{anchor} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2637 resumes from where searching for @samp{item} concluded. |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2638 |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2639 @item (@var{matcher} @var{highlighters}@dots{}) |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2640 This sort of element specifies several @var{highlighter} lists for a |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2641 single @var{matcher}. A @var{highlighter} list can be of the type |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2642 @var{subexp-highlighter} or @var{anchored-highlighter} as described |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2643 above. |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2644 |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2645 For example, |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2646 |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2647 @smallexample |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2648 ;; @r{Highlight occurrences of the word @samp{anchor} in the value} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2649 ;; @r{of @code{anchor-face}, and subsequent occurrences of the word} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2650 ;; @r{@samp{item} (on the same line) in the value of @code{item-face}.} |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2651 ("\\<anchor\\>" (0 anchor-face) |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2652 ("\\<item\\>" nil nil (0 item-face))) |
d719a3a92aa5
(Search-based Fontification): Fix cross references.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61322
diff
changeset
|
2653 @end smallexample |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2654 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2655 @item (eval . @var{form}) |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2656 Here @var{form} is an expression to be evaluated the first time |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2657 this value of @code{font-lock-keywords} is used in a buffer. |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2658 Its value should have one of the forms described in this table. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2659 @end table |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2660 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2661 @strong{Warning:} Do not design an element of @code{font-lock-keywords} |
70208
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
2662 to match text which spans lines; this does not work reliably. |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
2663 For details, see @xref{Multiline Font Lock}. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2664 |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2665 You can use @var{case-fold} in @code{font-lock-defaults} to specify |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2666 the value of @code{font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search} which says |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2667 whether search-based fontification should be case-insensitive. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2668 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2669 @defvar font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2670 Non-@code{nil} means that regular expression matching for the sake of |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2671 @code{font-lock-keywords} should be case-insensitive. |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2672 @end defvar |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2673 |
63133
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2674 @node Customizing Keywords |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2675 @subsection Customizing Search-Based Fontification |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2676 |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2677 You can use @code{font-lock-add-keywords} to add additional |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2678 search-based fontification rules to a major mode, and |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2679 @code{font-lock-remove-keywords} to removes rules. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2680 |
67572
3ee5685f7930
(Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66935
diff
changeset
|
2681 @defun font-lock-add-keywords mode keywords &optional how |
63133
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2682 This function adds highlighting @var{keywords}, for the current buffer |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2683 or for major mode @var{mode}. The argument @var{keywords} should be a |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2684 list with the same format as the variable @code{font-lock-keywords}. |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2685 |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2686 If @var{mode} is a symbol which is a major mode command name, such as |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2687 @code{c-mode}, the effect is that enabling Font Lock mode in |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2688 @var{mode} will add @var{keywords} to @code{font-lock-keywords}. |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2689 Calling with a non-@code{nil} value of @var{mode} is correct only in |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2690 your @file{~/.emacs} file. |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2691 |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2692 If @var{mode} is @code{nil}, this function adds @var{keywords} to |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2693 @code{font-lock-keywords} in the current buffer. This way of calling |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2694 @code{font-lock-add-keywords} is usually used in mode hook functions. |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2695 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2696 By default, @var{keywords} are added at the beginning of |
67572
3ee5685f7930
(Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66935
diff
changeset
|
2697 @code{font-lock-keywords}. If the optional argument @var{how} is |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2698 @code{set}, they are used to replace the value of |
67572
3ee5685f7930
(Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66935
diff
changeset
|
2699 @code{font-lock-keywords}. If @var{how} is any other non-@code{nil} |
3ee5685f7930
(Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66935
diff
changeset
|
2700 value, they are added at the end of @code{font-lock-keywords}. |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2701 |
63133
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2702 Some modes provide specialized support you can use in additional |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2703 highlighting patterns. See the variables |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2704 @code{c-font-lock-extra-types}, @code{c++-font-lock-extra-types}, |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63133
diff
changeset
|
2705 and @code{java-font-lock-extra-types}, for example. |
63133
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2706 |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2707 @strong{Warning:} major mode functions must not call |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2708 @code{font-lock-add-keywords} under any circumstances, either directly |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2709 or indirectly, except through their mode hooks. (Doing so would lead |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2710 to incorrect behavior for some minor modes.) They should set up their |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2711 rules for search-based fontification by setting |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2712 @code{font-lock-keywords}. |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2713 @end defun |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2714 |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2715 @defun font-lock-remove-keywords mode keywords |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2716 This function removes @var{keywords} from @code{font-lock-keywords} |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2717 for the current buffer or for major mode @var{mode}. As in |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2718 @code{font-lock-add-keywords}, @var{mode} should be a major mode |
67572
3ee5685f7930
(Customizing Keywords): Rename `append' to `how'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66935
diff
changeset
|
2719 command name or @code{nil}. All the caveats and requirements for |
63133
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2720 @code{font-lock-add-keywords} apply here too. |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2721 @end defun |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2722 |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2723 For example, this code |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2724 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2725 @smallexample |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2726 (font-lock-add-keywords 'c-mode |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2727 '(("\\<\\(FIXME\\):" 1 font-lock-warning-face prepend) |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2728 ("\\<\\(and\\|or\\|not\\)\\>" . font-lock-keyword-face))) |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2729 @end smallexample |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2730 |
63133
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2731 @noindent |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2732 adds two fontification patterns for C mode: one to fontify the word |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2733 @samp{FIXME}, even in comments, and another to fontify the words |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2734 @samp{and}, @samp{or} and @samp{not} as keywords. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2735 |
63133
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2736 @noindent |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2737 That example affects only C mode proper. To add the same patterns to |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2738 C mode @emph{and} all modes derived from it, do this instead: |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2739 |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2740 @smallexample |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2741 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2742 (lambda () |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2743 (font-lock-add-keywords nil |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2744 '(("\\<\\(FIXME\\):" 1 font-lock-warning-face prepend) |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2745 ("\\<\\(and\\|or\\|not\\)\\>" . |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2746 font-lock-keyword-face))))) |
2244564c10de
(Mode Line Data): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
62876
diff
changeset
|
2747 @end smallexample |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2748 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2749 @node Other Font Lock Variables |
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(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2750 @subsection Other Font Lock Variables |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2751 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2752 This section describes additional variables that a major mode can |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2753 set by means of @var{other-vars} in @code{font-lock-defaults} |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2754 (@pxref{Font Lock Basics}). |
21007
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
2755 |
66d807bdc5b4
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2756 @defvar font-lock-mark-block-function |
21682
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2757 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, it should be a function that is |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2758 called with no arguments, to choose an enclosing range of text for |
61034
38d95bf39f6e
(Other Font Lock Variables): font-lock-fontify-block is now bound to M-o M-o.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
60784
diff
changeset
|
2759 refontification for the command @kbd{M-o M-o} |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2760 (@code{font-lock-fontify-block}). |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
17278
diff
changeset
|
2761 |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2762 The function should report its choice by placing the region around it. |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2763 A good choice is a range of text large enough to give proper results, |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2764 but not too large so that refontification becomes slow. Typical values |
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2765 are @code{mark-defun} for programming modes or @code{mark-paragraph} for |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
2766 textual modes. |
21007
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2767 @end defvar |
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2768 |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
2769 @defvar font-lock-extra-managed-props |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2770 This variable specifies additional properties (other than |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2771 @code{font-lock-face}) that are being managed by Font Lock mode. It |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2772 is used by @code{font-lock-default-unfontify-region}, which normally |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2773 only manages the @code{font-lock-face} property. If you want Font |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2774 Lock to manage other properties as well, you must specify them in a |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2775 @var{facespec} in @code{font-lock-keywords} as well as add them to |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2776 this list. @xref{Search-based Fontification}. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2777 @end defvar |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2778 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2779 @defvar font-lock-fontify-buffer-function |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2780 Function to use for fontifying the buffer. The default value is |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2781 @code{font-lock-default-fontify-buffer}. |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
2782 @end defvar |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
2783 |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2784 @defvar font-lock-unfontify-buffer-function |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2785 Function to use for unfontifying the buffer. This is used when |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2786 turning off Font Lock mode. The default value is |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2787 @code{font-lock-default-unfontify-buffer}. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2788 @end defvar |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2789 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2790 @defvar font-lock-fontify-region-function |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2791 Function to use for fontifying a region. It should take two |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2792 arguments, the beginning and end of the region, and an optional third |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2793 argument @var{verbose}. If @var{verbose} is non-@code{nil}, the |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2794 function should print status messages. The default value is |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2795 @code{font-lock-default-fontify-region}. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2796 @end defvar |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2797 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2798 @defvar font-lock-unfontify-region-function |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2799 Function to use for unfontifying a region. It should take two |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2800 arguments, the beginning and end of the region. The default value is |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2801 @code{font-lock-default-unfontify-region}. |
52956
667459455d3c
Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
52859
diff
changeset
|
2802 @end defvar |
667459455d3c
Document the existance of font-lock-syntactic-face-function and
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
52859
diff
changeset
|
2803 |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2804 @ignore |
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(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2805 @defvar font-lock-inhibit-thing-lock |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2806 List of Font Lock mode related modes that should not be turned on. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2807 Currently, valid mode names are @code{fast-lock-mode}, |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2808 @code{jit-lock-mode} and @code{lazy-lock-mode}. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2809 @end defvar |
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Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2810 @end ignore |
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(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2811 |
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|
2812 @node Levels of Font Lock |
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|
2813 @subsection Levels of Font Lock |
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|
2814 |
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|
2815 Many major modes offer three different levels of fontification. You |
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|
2816 can define multiple levels by using a list of symbols for @var{keywords} |
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|
2817 in @code{font-lock-defaults}. Each symbol specifies one level of |
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|
2818 fontification; it is up to the user to choose one of these levels. The |
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|
2819 chosen level's symbol value is used to initialize |
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|
2820 @code{font-lock-keywords}. |
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|
2821 |
21682
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|
2822 Here are the conventions for how to define the levels of |
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|
2823 fontification: |
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|
2824 |
21007
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|
2825 @itemize @bullet |
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|
2826 @item |
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|
2827 Level 1: highlight function declarations, file directives (such as include or |
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|
2828 import directives), strings and comments. The idea is speed, so only |
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changeset
|
2829 the most important and top-level components are fontified. |
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changeset
|
2830 |
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|
2831 @item |
21682
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|
2832 Level 2: in addition to level 1, highlight all language keywords, |
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|
2833 including type names that act like keywords, as well as named constant |
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|
2834 values. The idea is that all keywords (either syntactic or semantic) |
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|
2835 should be fontified appropriately. |
21007
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|
2836 |
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changeset
|
2837 @item |
21682
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|
2838 Level 3: in addition to level 2, highlight the symbols being defined in |
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|
2839 function and variable declarations, and all builtin function names, |
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changeset
|
2840 wherever they appear. |
21007
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|
2841 @end itemize |
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|
2842 |
45684
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(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
43677
diff
changeset
|
2843 @node Precalculated Fontification |
6f73f208b4ce
(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2844 @subsection Precalculated Fontification |
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(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2845 |
59942
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
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parents:
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diff
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|
2846 In addition to using @code{font-lock-defaults} for search-based |
45684
6f73f208b4ce
(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2847 fontification, you may use the special character property |
6f73f208b4ce
(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
43677
diff
changeset
|
2848 @code{font-lock-face} (@pxref{Special Properties}). This property |
6f73f208b4ce
(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
43677
diff
changeset
|
2849 acts just like the explicit @code{face} property, but its activation |
6f73f208b4ce
(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
43677
diff
changeset
|
2850 is toggled when the user calls @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode}. Using |
52628
74d358d76ea8
(Mode Line Data): Document the :propertize construct.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52463
diff
changeset
|
2851 @code{font-lock-face} is especially convenient for special modes |
45684
6f73f208b4ce
(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
43677
diff
changeset
|
2852 which construct their text programmatically, such as |
6f73f208b4ce
(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
43677
diff
changeset
|
2853 @code{list-buffers} and @code{occur}. |
6f73f208b4ce
(Precalcuated Fontification): New node, describing `font-lock-face'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
43677
diff
changeset
|
2854 |
45714
7057566fa4c1
(Precalcuated Fontification): Note how to use `font-lock-core-only'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
45684
diff
changeset
|
2855 If your mode does not use any of the other machinery of Font Lock |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2856 (i.e. it only uses the @code{font-lock-face} property), it should not |
73398
86946679c343
(Precalculated Fontification): Don't say that
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
73174
diff
changeset
|
2857 set the variable @code{font-lock-defaults}. |
45714
7057566fa4c1
(Precalcuated Fontification): Note how to use `font-lock-core-only'.
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
45684
diff
changeset
|
2858 |
21007
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|
2859 @node Faces for Font Lock |
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|
2860 @subsection Faces for Font Lock |
76841 | 2861 @cindex faces for font lock |
2862 @cindex font lock faces | |
21007
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|
2863 |
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|
2864 You can make Font Lock mode use any face, but several faces are |
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|
2865 defined specifically for Font Lock mode. Each of these symbols is both |
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|
2866 a face name, and a variable whose default value is the symbol itself. |
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|
2867 Thus, the default value of @code{font-lock-comment-face} is |
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|
2868 @code{font-lock-comment-face}. This means you can write |
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|
2869 @code{font-lock-comment-face} in a context such as |
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|
2870 @code{font-lock-keywords} where a face-name-valued expression is used. |
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|
2871 |
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|
2872 @table @code |
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|
2873 @item font-lock-comment-face |
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|
2874 @vindex font-lock-comment-face |
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|
2875 Used (typically) for comments. |
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|
2876 |
61906
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(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2877 @item font-lock-comment-delimiter-face |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2878 @vindex font-lock-comment-delimiter-face |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2879 Used (typically) for comments delimiters. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2880 |
59942
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
2881 @item font-lock-doc-face |
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
2882 @vindex font-lock-doc-face |
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
2883 Used (typically) for documentation strings in the code. |
1f6a9cf44999
(Major Mode Conventions): Mention "system abbrevs".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59516
diff
changeset
|
2884 |
21007
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changeset
|
2885 @item font-lock-string-face |
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|
2886 @vindex font-lock-string-face |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2887 Used (typically) for string constants. |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2888 |
66d807bdc5b4
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parents:
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changeset
|
2889 @item font-lock-keyword-face |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2890 @vindex font-lock-keyword-face |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2891 Used (typically) for keywords---names that have special syntactic |
66d807bdc5b4
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parents:
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changeset
|
2892 significance, like @code{for} and @code{if} in C. |
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diff
changeset
|
2893 |
66d807bdc5b4
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2894 @item font-lock-builtin-face |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2895 @vindex font-lock-builtin-face |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2896 Used (typically) for built-in function names. |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2897 |
66d807bdc5b4
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changeset
|
2898 @item font-lock-function-name-face |
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changeset
|
2899 @vindex font-lock-function-name-face |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2900 Used (typically) for the name of a function being defined or declared, |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48700
diff
changeset
|
2901 in a function definition or declaration. |
21007
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changeset
|
2902 |
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changeset
|
2903 @item font-lock-variable-name-face |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2904 @vindex font-lock-variable-name-face |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2905 Used (typically) for the name of a variable being defined or declared, |
66d807bdc5b4
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2906 in a variable definition or declaration. |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2907 |
66d807bdc5b4
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changeset
|
2908 @item font-lock-type-face |
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|
2909 @vindex font-lock-type-face |
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parents:
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changeset
|
2910 Used (typically) for names of user-defined data types, |
66d807bdc5b4
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changeset
|
2911 where they are defined and where they are used. |
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changeset
|
2912 |
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changeset
|
2913 @item font-lock-constant-face |
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|
2914 @vindex font-lock-constant-face |
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changeset
|
2915 Used (typically) for constant names. |
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diff
changeset
|
2916 |
52800
d738115b4197
(Faces for Font Lock): Fix typo.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52744
diff
changeset
|
2917 @item font-lock-preprocessor-face |
d738115b4197
(Faces for Font Lock): Fix typo.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52744
diff
changeset
|
2918 @vindex font-lock-preprocessor-face |
51917
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
changeset
|
2919 Used (typically) for preprocessor commands. |
3039afbb0746
(Major Mode Conventions): Explain about run-mode-hooks and about derived modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51794
diff
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|
2920 |
72304
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
2921 @item font-lock-negation-char-face |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
2922 @vindex font-lock-negation-char-face |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
2923 Used (typically) for easily-overlooked negation characters. |
ffa74c9e9a48
* modes.texi (Hooks): Clarify.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
72252
diff
changeset
|
2924 |
21007
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|
2925 @item font-lock-warning-face |
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|
2926 @vindex font-lock-warning-face |
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changeset
|
2927 Used (typically) for constructs that are peculiar, or that greatly |
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|
2928 change the meaning of other text. For example, this is used for |
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|
2929 @samp{;;;###autoload} cookies in Emacs Lisp, and for @code{#error} |
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|
2930 directives in C. |
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|
2931 @end table |
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|
2932 |
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|
2933 @node Syntactic Font Lock |
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|
2934 @subsection Syntactic Font Lock |
76841 | 2935 @cindex syntactic font lock |
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|
2936 |
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changeset
|
2937 Syntactic fontification uses the syntax table to find comments and |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2938 string constants (@pxref{Syntax Tables}). It highlights them using |
72583
9d318ca86e6e
(Syntactic Font Lock): Mention specific faces once again.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2939 @code{font-lock-comment-face} and @code{font-lock-string-face} |
9d318ca86e6e
(Syntactic Font Lock): Mention specific faces once again.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2940 (@pxref{Faces for Font Lock}), or whatever |
9d318ca86e6e
(Syntactic Font Lock): Mention specific faces once again.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2941 @code{font-lock-syntactic-face-function} chooses. There are several |
9d318ca86e6e
(Syntactic Font Lock): Mention specific faces once again.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2942 variables that affect syntactic fontification; you should set them by |
9d318ca86e6e
(Syntactic Font Lock): Mention specific faces once again.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72581
diff
changeset
|
2943 means of @code{font-lock-defaults} (@pxref{Font Lock Basics}). |
61906
1210b12b4089
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|
2944 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2945 @defvar font-lock-keywords-only |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2946 Non-@code{nil} means Font Lock should not do syntactic fontification; |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2947 it should only fontify based on @code{font-lock-keywords}. The normal |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2948 way for a mode to set this variable to @code{t} is with |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2949 @var{keywords-only} in @code{font-lock-defaults}. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2950 @end defvar |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2951 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2952 @defvar font-lock-syntax-table |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2953 This variable holds the syntax table to use for fontification of |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2954 comments and strings. Specify it using @var{syntax-alist} in |
71940
6bc43bba870c
(Syntactic Font Lock): Give default for font-lock-syntax-table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71701
diff
changeset
|
2955 @code{font-lock-defaults}. If this is @code{nil}, fontification uses |
6bc43bba870c
(Syntactic Font Lock): Give default for font-lock-syntax-table.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71701
diff
changeset
|
2956 the buffer's syntax table. |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2957 @end defvar |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2958 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2959 @defvar font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2960 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, it should be a function to move |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2961 point back to a position that is syntactically at ``top level'' and |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2962 outside of strings or comments. Font Lock uses this when necessary |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2963 to get the right results for syntactic fontification. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2964 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2965 This function is called with no arguments. It should leave point at |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2966 the beginning of any enclosing syntactic block. Typical values are |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2967 @code{beginning-of-line} (used when the start of the line is known to |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2968 be outside a syntactic block), or @code{beginning-of-defun} for |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2969 programming modes, or @code{backward-paragraph} for textual modes. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2970 |
62652
e89d01c0c1c4
(Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
62594
diff
changeset
|
2971 If the value is @code{nil}, Font Lock uses |
e89d01c0c1c4
(Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
62594
diff
changeset
|
2972 @code{syntax-begin-function} to move back outside of any comment, |
e89d01c0c1c4
(Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
62594
diff
changeset
|
2973 string, or sexp. This variable is semi-obsolete; we recommend setting |
e89d01c0c1c4
(Font Lock Basics, Syntactic Font Lock): Recommend
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
62594
diff
changeset
|
2974 @code{syntax-begin-function} instead. |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2975 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2976 Specify this variable using @var{syntax-begin} in |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2977 @code{font-lock-defaults}. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2978 @end defvar |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2979 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2980 @defvar font-lock-syntactic-face-function |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2981 A function to determine which face to use for a given syntactic |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2982 element (a string or a comment). The function is called with one |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2983 argument, the parse state at point returned by |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2984 @code{parse-partial-sexp}, and should return a face. The default |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2985 value returns @code{font-lock-comment-face} for comments and |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2986 @code{font-lock-string-face} for strings. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2987 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2988 This can be used to highlighting different kinds of strings or |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2989 comments differently. It is also sometimes abused together with |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
2990 @code{font-lock-syntactic-keywords} to highlight constructs that span |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
2991 multiple lines, but this is too esoteric to document here. |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2992 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2993 Specify this variable using @var{other-vars} in |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2994 @code{font-lock-defaults}. |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2995 @end defvar |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2996 |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2997 @node Setting Syntax Properties |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2998 @subsection Setting Syntax Properties |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
2999 |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3000 Font Lock mode can be used to update @code{syntax-table} properties |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
3001 automatically (@pxref{Syntax Properties}). This is useful in |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
3002 languages for which a single syntax table by itself is not sufficient. |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3003 |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3004 @defvar font-lock-syntactic-keywords |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
3005 This variable enables and controls updating @code{syntax-table} |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
3006 properties by Font Lock. Its value should be a list of elements of |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
3007 this form: |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3008 |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3009 @example |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3010 (@var{matcher} @var{subexp} @var{syntax} @var{override} @var{laxmatch}) |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3011 @end example |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3012 |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3013 The parts of this element have the same meanings as in the corresponding |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3014 sort of element of @code{font-lock-keywords}, |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3015 |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3016 @example |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
3017 (@var{matcher} @var{subexp} @var{facespec} @var{override} @var{laxmatch}) |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3018 @end example |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3019 |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
3020 However, instead of specifying the value @var{facespec} to use for the |
50693
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3021 @code{face} property, it specifies the value @var{syntax} to use for |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3022 the @code{syntax-table} property. Here, @var{syntax} can be a string |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3023 (as taken by @code{modify-syntax-entry}), a syntax table, a cons cell |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3024 (as returned by @code{string-to-syntax}), or an expression whose value |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3025 is one of those two types. @var{override} cannot be @code{prepend} or |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3026 @code{append}. |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3027 |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3028 For example, an element of the form: |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3029 |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3030 @example |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3031 ("\\$\\(#\\)" 1 ".") |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3032 @end example |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3033 |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3034 highlights syntactically a hash character when following a dollar |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3035 character, with a SYNTAX of @code{"."} (meaning punctuation syntax). |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3036 Assuming that the buffer syntax table specifies hash characters to |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3037 have comment start syntax, the element will only highlight hash |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3038 characters that do not follow dollar characters as comments |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3039 syntactically. |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3040 |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3041 An element of the form: |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3042 |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3043 @example |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3044 ("\\('\\).\\('\\)" |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3045 (1 "\"") |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3046 (2 "\"")) |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3047 @end example |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3048 |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3049 highlights syntactically both single quotes which surround a single |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3050 character, with a SYNTAX of @code{"\""} (meaning string quote syntax). |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3051 Assuming that the buffer syntax table does not specify single quotes |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3052 to have quote syntax, the element will only highlight single quotes of |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3053 the form @samp{'@var{c}'} as strings syntactically. Other forms, such |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3054 as @samp{foo'bar} or @samp{'fubar'}, will not be highlighted as |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3055 strings. |
17c60796aa6a
(font-lock-syntactic-keywords): Fix/expand description.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3056 |
61906
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
3057 Major modes normally set this variable with @var{other-vars} in |
1210b12b4089
(Defining Minor Modes): Fix previous change.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
61853
diff
changeset
|
3058 @code{font-lock-defaults}. |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3059 @end defvar |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
3060 |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3061 @node Multiline Font Lock |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3062 @subsection Multiline Font Lock Constructs |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3063 @cindex multiline font lock |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3064 |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3065 Normally, elements of @code{font-lock-keywords} should not match |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3066 across multiple lines; that doesn't work reliably, because Font Lock |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3067 usually scans just part of the buffer, and it can miss a multi-line |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3068 construct that crosses the line boundary where the scan starts. (The |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3069 scan normally starts at the beginning of a line.) |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3070 |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3071 Making elements that match multiline constructs work properly has |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3072 two aspects: correct @emph{identification} and correct |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3073 @emph{rehighlighting}. The first means that Font Lock finds all |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3074 multiline constructs. The second means that Font Lock will correctly |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3075 rehighlight all the relevant text when a multiline construct is |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3076 changed---for example, if some of the text that was previously part of |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3077 a multiline construct ceases to be part of it. The two aspects are |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3078 closely related, and often getting one of them to work will appear to |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3079 make the other also work. However, for reliable results you must |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3080 attend explicitly to both aspects. |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3081 |
72251
0933613f837b
(font-lock-beg, font-lock-end, font-lock-extend-region-functions): New vars.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
72250
diff
changeset
|
3082 There are three ways to ensure correct identification of multiline |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3083 constructs: |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3084 |
70275
3d36e736dc2a
Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70223
diff
changeset
|
3085 @itemize |
3d36e736dc2a
Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70223
diff
changeset
|
3086 @item |
72251
0933613f837b
(font-lock-beg, font-lock-end, font-lock-extend-region-functions): New vars.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
72250
diff
changeset
|
3087 Add a function to @code{font-lock-extend-region-functions} that does |
72252
54e1bf749744
Fix typo in markup.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
72251
diff
changeset
|
3088 the @emph{identification} and extends the scan so that the scanned |
72251
0933613f837b
(font-lock-beg, font-lock-end, font-lock-extend-region-functions): New vars.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
72250
diff
changeset
|
3089 text never starts or ends in the middle of a multiline construct. |
74083
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3090 @item |
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3091 Use the @code{font-lock-fontify-region-function} hook similarly to |
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3092 extend the scan so that the scanned text never starts or ends in the |
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3093 middle of a multiline construct. |
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3094 @item |
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3095 Somehow identify the multiline construct right when it gets inserted |
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3096 into the buffer (or at any point after that but before font-lock |
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3097 tries to highlight it), and mark it with a @code{font-lock-multiline} |
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3098 which will instruct font-lock not to start or end the scan in the |
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3099 middle of the construct. |
70275
3d36e736dc2a
Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70223
diff
changeset
|
3100 @end itemize |
3d36e736dc2a
Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70223
diff
changeset
|
3101 |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3102 There are three ways to do rehighlighting of multiline constructs: |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3103 |
70275
3d36e736dc2a
Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70223
diff
changeset
|
3104 @itemize |
3d36e736dc2a
Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70223
diff
changeset
|
3105 @item |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3106 Place a @code{font-lock-multiline} property on the construct. This |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3107 will rehighlight the whole construct if any part of it is changed. In |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3108 some cases you can do this automatically by setting the |
74083
a71f63e8ff3f
Rephrase some font-lock-multiline text.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
73398
diff
changeset
|
3109 @code{font-lock-multiline} variable, which see. |
70275
3d36e736dc2a
Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70223
diff
changeset
|
3110 @item |
74140
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3111 Make sure @code{jit-lock-contextually} is set and rely on it doing its |
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3112 job. This will only rehighlight the part of the construct that |
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3113 follows the actual change, and will do it after a short delay. |
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3114 This only works if the highlighting of the various parts of your |
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3115 multiline construct never depends on text in subsequent lines. |
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3116 Since @code{jit-lock-contextually} is activated by default, this can |
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3117 be an attractive solution. |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3118 @item |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3119 Place a @code{jit-lock-defer-multiline} property on the construct. |
74140
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3120 This works only if @code{jit-lock-contextually} is used, and with the |
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3121 same delay before rehighlighting, but like @code{font-lock-multiline}, |
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3122 it also handles the case where highlighting depends on |
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3123 subsequent lines. |
70275
3d36e736dc2a
Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70223
diff
changeset
|
3124 @end itemize |
70208
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3125 |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3126 @menu |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3127 * Font Lock Multiline:: Marking multiline chunks with a text property |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3128 * Region to Fontify:: Controlling which region gets refontified |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3129 after a buffer change. |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3130 @end menu |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3131 |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3132 @node Font Lock Multiline |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3133 @subsubsection Font Lock Multiline |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3134 |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3135 One way to ensure reliable rehighlighting of multiline Font Lock |
74140
cedd7f653426
(Multiline Font Lock): Rephrase some parts for clarity.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
74083
diff
changeset
|
3136 constructs is to put on them the text property @code{font-lock-multiline}. |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3137 It should be present and non-@code{nil} for text that is part of a |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3138 multiline construct. |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3139 |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3140 When Font Lock is about to highlight a range of text, it first |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3141 extends the boundaries of the range as necessary so that they do not |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3142 fall within text marked with the @code{font-lock-multiline} property. |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3143 Then it removes any @code{font-lock-multiline} properties from the |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3144 range, and highlights it. The highlighting specification (mostly |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3145 @code{font-lock-keywords}) must reinstall this property each time, |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3146 whenever it is appropriate. |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3147 |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3148 @strong{Warning:} don't use the @code{font-lock-multiline} property |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3149 on large ranges of text, because that will make rehighlighting slow. |
70208
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3150 |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3151 @defvar font-lock-multiline |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3152 If the @code{font-lock-multiline} variable is set to @code{t}, Font |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3153 Lock will try to add the @code{font-lock-multiline} property |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3154 automatically on multiline constructs. This is not a universal |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3155 solution, however, since it slows down Font Lock somewhat. It can |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3156 miss some multiline constructs, or make the property larger or smaller |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3157 than necessary. |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3158 |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3159 For elements whose @var{matcher} is a function, the function should |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3160 ensure that submatch 0 covers the whole relevant multiline construct, |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3161 even if only a small subpart will be highlighted. It is often just as |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3162 easy to add the @code{font-lock-multiline} property by hand. |
70208
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3163 @end defvar |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3164 |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3165 The @code{font-lock-multiline} property is meant to ensure proper |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3166 refontification; it does not automatically identify new multiline |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3167 constructs. Identifying the requires that Font-Lock operate on large |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3168 enough chunks at a time. This will happen by accident on many cases, |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3169 which may give the impression that multiline constructs magically work. |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3170 If you set the @code{font-lock-multiline} variable non-@code{nil}, |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3171 this impression will be even stronger, since the highlighting of those |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3172 constructs which are found will be properly updated from then on. |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3173 But that does not work reliably. |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3174 |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3175 To find multiline constructs reliably, you must either manually |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3176 place the @code{font-lock-multiline} property on the text before |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3177 Font-Lock looks at it, or use |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3178 @code{font-lock-fontify-region-function}. |
70275
3d36e736dc2a
Improve the documentation of how to hilight multiline elements.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70223
diff
changeset
|
3179 |
70208
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3180 @node Region to Fontify |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3181 @subsubsection Region to Fontify after a Buffer Change |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3182 |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3183 When a buffer is changed, the region that Font Lock refontifies is |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3184 by default the smallest sequence of whole lines that spans the change. |
70208
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3185 While this works well most of the time, sometimes it doesn't---for |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3186 example, when a change alters the syntactic meaning of text on an |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3187 earlier line. |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3188 |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3189 You can enlarge (or even reduce) the region to fontify by setting |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3190 one the following variables: |
70208
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3191 |
72250
482bf4e8cc00
(font-lock-extend-after-change-region-function):
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
72205
diff
changeset
|
3192 @defvar font-lock-extend-after-change-region-function |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3193 This buffer-local variable is either @code{nil} or a function for |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3194 Font-Lock to call to determine the region to scan and fontify. |
70208
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3195 |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3196 The function is given three parameters, the standard @var{beg}, |
70289
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3197 @var{end}, and @var{old-len} from after-change-functions |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3198 (@pxref{Change Hooks}). It should return either a cons of the |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3199 beginning and end buffer positions (in that order) of the region to |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3200 fontify, or @code{nil} (which means choose the region in the standard |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3201 way). This function needs to preserve point, the match-data, and the |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3202 current restriction. The region it returns may start or end in the |
608b16c56304
(Multiline Font Lock): Renamed from Multi line Font Lock Elements.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70275
diff
changeset
|
3203 middle of a line. |
70208
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3204 |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3205 Since this function is called after every buffer change, it should be |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3206 reasonably fast. |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3207 @end defvar |
d96cefbe70c2
Add documentation about font-lock-multiline.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
70088
diff
changeset
|
3208 |
55414 | 3209 @node Desktop Save Mode |
3210 @section Desktop Save Mode | |
3211 @cindex desktop save mode | |
3212 | |
3213 @dfn{Desktop Save Mode} is a feature to save the state of Emacs from | |
3214 one session to another. The user-level commands for using Desktop | |
3215 Save Mode are described in the GNU Emacs Manual (@pxref{Saving Emacs | |
3216 Sessions,,, emacs, the GNU Emacs Manual}). Modes whose buffers visit | |
3217 a file, don't have to do anything to use this feature. | |
3218 | |
3219 For buffers not visiting a file to have their state saved, the major | |
3220 mode must bind the buffer local variable @code{desktop-save-buffer} to | |
57213
3497eca006fe
Various minor changes in addition to:
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
56768
diff
changeset
|
3221 a non-@code{nil} value. |
55414 | 3222 |
3223 @defvar desktop-save-buffer | |
3224 If this buffer-local variable is non-@code{nil}, the buffer will have | |
3225 its state saved in the desktop file at desktop save. If the value is | |
3226 a function, it is called at desktop save with argument | |
3227 @var{desktop-dirname}, and its value is saved in the desktop file along | |
3228 with the state of the buffer for which it was called. When file names | |
3229 are returned as part of the auxiliary information, they should be | |
3230 formatted using the call | |
3231 | |
3232 @example | |
3233 (desktop-file-name @var{file-name} @var{desktop-dirname}) | |
3234 @end example | |
3235 | |
3236 @end defvar | |
3237 | |
3238 For buffers not visiting a file to be restored, the major mode must | |
3239 define a function to do the job, and that function must be listed in | |
3240 the alist @code{desktop-buffer-mode-handlers}. | |
3241 | |
3242 @defvar desktop-buffer-mode-handlers | |
3243 Alist with elements | |
3244 | |
3245 @example | |
3246 (@var{major-mode} . @var{restore-buffer-function}) | |
3247 @end example | |
3248 | |
3249 The function @var{restore-buffer-function} will be called with | |
3250 argument list | |
3251 | |
3252 @example | |
3253 (@var{buffer-file-name} @var{buffer-name} @var{desktop-buffer-misc}) | |
3254 @end example | |
3255 | |
3256 and it should return the restored buffer. | |
3257 Here @var{desktop-buffer-misc} is the value returned by the function | |
3258 optionally bound to @code{desktop-save-buffer}. | |
3259 @end defvar | |
3260 | |
52401 | 3261 @ignore |
3262 arch-tag: 4c7bff41-36e6-4da6-9e7f-9b9289e27c8e | |
3263 @end ignore |