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author | Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org> |
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date | Sun, 02 Dec 2007 21:51:44 +0000 |
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1 Copyright (C) 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 |
0259a1711394
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2 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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3 See the end of the file for copying permissions. |
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4 |
25853 | 5 This file describes what you must or might want to do to termcap entries |
6 to make terminals work properly and efficiently with Emacs. Information | |
7 on likely problems with specific types of terminals appears at the end | |
8 of the file. | |
9 | |
10 *** What you want in a terminal *** | |
11 | |
12 Vital | |
13 1. Easy to compute suitable padding for. | |
14 2. Never ever sends ^S/^Q unless you type them, at least in one mode. | |
15 | |
16 Nice for speed | |
17 1. Supports insert/delete of multiple lines in one command. | |
18 2. Same for multiple characters, though doing them one by | |
19 one is usually fast enough except on emulators running on | |
20 machines with bitmap screens. | |
21 | |
22 Nice for usability | |
23 1. Considerably more than 24 lines. | |
24 2. Meta key (shift-like key that controls the 0200 bit | |
25 in every character you type). | |
26 | |
27 *** New termcap strings *** | |
28 | |
29 Emacs supports certain termcap strings that are not described in the | |
30 4.2 manual but appear to be standard in system V. The one exception | |
31 is `cS', which I invented. | |
32 | |
33 `AL' insert several lines. Takes one parameter, the number of | |
34 lines to be inserted. You specify how to send this parameter | |
35 using a %-construct, just like the cursor positions in the `cm' | |
36 string. | |
37 | |
38 `DL' delete several lines. One parameter. | |
39 | |
40 `IC' insert several characters. One parameter. | |
41 | |
42 `DC' delete several characters. One parameter. | |
43 | |
44 `rp' repeat a character. Takes two parameters, the character | |
45 to be repeated and the number of times to repeat it. | |
46 Most likely you will use `%.' for sending the character | |
47 to be repeated. Emacs interprets a padding spec with a * | |
48 as giving the amount of padding per repetition. | |
49 | |
50 WARNING: Many terminals have a command to repeat the | |
51 *last character output* N times. This means that the character | |
52 will appear N+1 times in a row when the command argument is N. | |
53 However, the `rp' string's parameter is the total number of | |
54 times wanted, not one less. Therefore, such repeat commands | |
55 may be used in an `rp' string only if you use Emacs's special | |
56 termcap operator `%a-c\001' to subtract 1 from the repeat count | |
57 before substituting it into the string. It is probably safe | |
58 to use this even though the Unix termcap does not accept it | |
59 because programs other than Emacs probably won't look for `rp' | |
60 anyway. | |
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61 |
25853 | 62 `cs' set scroll region. Takes two parameters, the vertical |
63 positions of the first line to include in the scroll region | |
64 and the last line to include in the scroll region. | |
65 Both parameters are origin-zero. The effect of this | |
66 should be to cause a following insert-line or delete-line | |
67 not to move lines below the bottom of the scroll region. | |
68 | |
69 This is not the same convention that Emacs version 16 used. | |
70 That is because I was led astray by unclear documentation | |
71 of the meaning of %i in termcap strings. Since the termcap | |
72 documentation for `cs' is also unclear, I had to deduce the | |
73 correct parameter conventions from what would make the VT-100's | |
74 `cs' string work properly. From an incorrect assumption about | |
75 %i, I reached an incorrect conclusion about `cs', but the result | |
76 worked correctly on the VT100 and ANSII terminals. In Emacs | |
77 version 17, both `cs' and %i work correctly. | |
78 | |
79 The version 16 convention was to pass, for the second parameter, | |
80 the line number of the first line beyond the end of the | |
81 scroll region. | |
82 | |
83 `cS' set scroll region. Differs from `cs' in taking parameters | |
84 differently. There are four parameters: | |
85 1. Total number of lines on the screen. | |
86 2. Number of lines above desired scroll region. | |
87 3. Number of lines below (outside of) desired scroll region. | |
88 4. Total number of lines on the screen, like #1. | |
89 This is because an Ambassador needs the parameters like this. | |
90 | |
91 `cr', `do', `le' | |
92 Emacs will not attempt to use ^M, ^J or ^H for cursor motion | |
93 unless these capabilities are present and say to use those | |
94 characters. | |
95 | |
96 `km' Says the terminal has a Meta key. | |
97 | |
98 Defining these strings is important for getting maximum performance | |
99 from your terminal. | |
100 | |
101 Make sure that the `ti' string sets all modes needed for editing | |
102 in Emacs. For example, if your terminal has a mode that controls | |
103 wrap at the end of the line, you must decide whether to specify | |
104 the `am' flag in the termcap entry; whichever you decide, the `ti' | |
105 string should contain commands to set the mode that way. | |
106 (Emacs also sends the `vs' string after the `ti' string. | |
107 You can put the mode-setting commands in either one of them.) | |
108 | |
109 *** Specific Terminal Types *** | |
110 | |
111 Watch out for termcap entries for Ann Arbor Ambassadors that | |
112 give too little padding for clear-screen. 7.2 msec per line is right. | |
113 These are the strings whose padding you probably should change: | |
114 :al=1*\E[L:dl=1*\E[M:cd=7.2*\E[J:cl=7.2*\E[H\E[J: | |
115 I have sometimes seen `\E[2J' at the front of the `ti' string; | |
116 this is a clear-screen, very slow, and it can cause you to get | |
117 Control-s sent by the terminal at startup. I recommend removing | |
118 the `\E[2J' from the `ti' string. | |
119 The `ti' or `vs' strings also usually need stuff added to them, such as | |
120 \E[>33;52;54h\E[>30;37;38;39l | |
121 You might want to add the following to the `te' or `ve' strings: | |
122 \E[>52l\E[>37h | |
123 The following additional capabilities will improve performance: | |
124 :AL=1*\E[%dL:DL=1*\E[%dM:IC=4\E[%d@:DC=4\E[%dP:rp=1*%.\E[%a-c\001%db: | |
125 If you find that the Meta key does not work, make sure that | |
126 :km: | |
127 is present in the termcap entry. | |
128 | |
129 Watch out for termcap entries for VT100's that fail to specify | |
130 the `sf' string, or that omit the padding needed for the `sf' and `sr' | |
131 strings (2msec per line affected). What you need is | |
132 :sf=2*^J:sr=2*\EM:cs=\E[%i%d;%dr: | |
133 | |
134 The Concept-100 and Concept-108 have many modes that `ti' strings | |
135 often fail to initialize. If you have problems on one of these | |
136 terminals, that is probably the place to fix them. These terminals | |
137 can support an `rp' string. | |
138 | |
139 Watch out on HP terminals for problems with standout disappearing on | |
140 part of the mode line. These problems are due to the absence of | |
141 :sg#0: which some HP terminals need. | |
142 | |
143 The vi55 is said to require `ip=2'. | |
144 | |
145 The Sun console should have these capabilities for good performance. | |
146 :AL=\E[%dL:DL=\E[%dM:IC=\E[%d@:DC=\E[%dP: | |
147 | |
148 The vt220 needs to be set to vt220 mode, 7 bit, space parity | |
149 in order to work fully with TERM=vt220. | |
150 | |
151 If you are using a LAT terminal concentrator, you need to issue these | |
152 commands to turn off flow control: | |
153 | |
154 set port flow control disable | |
155 define port flow control disable | |
156 | |
157 On System V, in the terminfo database, various terminals may have | |
158 the `xt' flag that should not have it. `xt' should be present only | |
159 for the Teleray 1061 or equivalent terminal. | |
160 | |
161 In particular, System V for the 386 often has `xt' for terminal type | |
162 AT386 or AT386-M, which is used for the console. You should delete | |
163 this flag. Here is how: | |
164 | |
165 You can get a copy of the terminfo "source" for at386 using the | |
166 command: `infocmp at386 >at386.tic'. Edit the file at386.tic and remove | |
167 the `xt' flag. Then compile the new entry with: `tic at386.tic'. | |
168 | |
169 It is also reported that these terminal types sometimes have the wrong | |
170 reverse-scroll string. It should be \E[T, but sometimes is given as \E[S. | |
171 | |
172 Here is what watserv1!maytag!focsys!larry recommends for these terminals: | |
173 | |
174 # This copy of the terminfo description has been fixed. | |
175 # The suggestions came from a number of usenet postings. | |
176 # | |
177 # Intel AT/386 for color card with monochrome display | |
178 # | |
179 AT386-M|at386-m|386AT-M|386at-m|at/386 console, | |
180 am, bw, eo, xon, | |
181 cols#80, lines#25, | |
182 acsc=``a1fxgqh0jYk?lZm@nEooppqDrrsstCu4vAwBx3yyzz{{||}}~~, | |
183 bel=^G, blink=\E[5m, bold=\E[1m, cbt=\E[Z, | |
184 clear=\E[2J\E[H, | |
185 cr=\r, cub=\E[%p1%dD, cub1=\E[D, cud=\E[%p1%dB, | |
186 cud1=\E[B, cuf=\E[%p1%dC, cuf1=\E[C, | |
187 cup=\E[%i%p1%02d;%p2%02dH, cuu=\E[%p1%dA, cuu1=\E[A, | |
188 dch=\E[%p1%dP, dch1=\E[P, dl=\E[%p1%dM, dl1=\E[1M, | |
189 ech=\E[%p1%dX,ed=\E[J, el=\E[K, el1=\E[1K\E[X, flash=^G, home=\E[H, | |
190 hpa=\E[%i%p1%dG, ich=\E[%p1%d@, ich1=\E[1@, il=\E[%p1%dL, il1=\E[1L, | |
191 ind=\E[S, indn=\E[%p1%dS, invis=\E[9m, | |
192 is2=\E[0;10;38m, kbs=\b, kcbt=^], kclr=\E[2J, | |
193 kcub1=\E[D, kcud1=\E[B, kcuf1=\E[C, kcuu1=\E[A, | |
194 kdch1=\E[P, kend=\E[Y, kf1=\EOP, kf10=\EOY, kf11=\EOZ, | |
195 kf12=\EOA, kf2=\EOQ, kf3=\EOR, kf4=\EOS, kf5=\EOT, | |
196 kf6=\EOU, kf7=\EOV, kf8=\EOW, kf9=\EOX, khome=\E[H, | |
197 kich1=\E[@, knp=\E[U, kpp=\E[V, krmir=\E0, rev=\E[7m, ri=\E[T, | |
198 rin=\E[%p1%dT, rmacs=\E[10m, rmso=\E[m, rmul=\E[m, | |
199 sgr=\E[10m\E[0%?%p1%p3%|%t;7%;%?%p2%t;4%;%?%p4%t;5%;%?%p6%t;1%;%?%p9%t;12%;%?%p7%t;9%;m, | |
200 sgr0=\E[0;10m, smacs=\E[12m, smso=\E[7m, smul=\E[4m, | |
201 | |
202 # | |
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203 # AT&T 386 color console |
25853 | 204 # |
205 AT386|at386|386AT|386at|at/386 console, | |
206 colors#8, ncv#3, pairs#64, | |
207 is2=\E[0;10;39m, | |
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208 op=\E[0m, |
25853 | 209 setb=\E[%?%p1%{0}%=%t40m |
210 %e%p1%{1}%=%t44m | |
211 %e%p1%{2}%=%t42m | |
212 %e%p1%{3}%=%t46m | |
213 %e%p1%{4}%=%t41m | |
214 %e%p1%{5}%=%t45m | |
215 %e%p1%{6}%=%t43m | |
216 %e%p1%{7}%=%t47m%;, | |
217 setf=\E[%?%p1%{0}%=%t30m | |
218 %e%p1%{1}%=%t34m | |
219 %e%p1%{2}%=%t32m | |
220 %e%p1%{3}%=%t36m | |
221 %e%p1%{4}%=%t31m | |
222 %e%p1%{5}%=%t35m | |
223 %e%p1%{6}%=%t33m | |
224 %e%p1%{6}%=%t33m | |
225 %e%p1%{7}%=%t37m%;, | |
226 use=at386-m, | |
227 # | |
228 # Color console version that supports underline but maps blue | |
229 # foreground color to cyan. | |
230 # | |
231 AT386-UL|at386-ul|386AT-UL|386at-ul|at/386 console, | |
232 is2=\E[0;10;38m, | |
233 use=at386, | |
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234 |
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235 |
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236 COPYING PERMISSIONS: |
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237 |
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238 This document is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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239 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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240 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) |
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241 any later version. |
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242 |
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243 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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244 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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245 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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246 GNU General Public License for more details. |
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247 |
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248 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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249 along with this program; see the file COPYING. If not, write to |
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250 the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, |
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251 Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. |