Mercurial > emacs
annotate lisp/calc/calc-poly.el @ 107439:ed20cbe62401
Remove support for Solaris on PPC and for old versions.
* s/sol2-6.h: Add the contents of s/sol-2.3.h, s/sol-2.4.h, s/sol-2.5.h.
(LD_SWITCH_SYSTEM, USE_MMAP_FOR_BUFFERS): Remove #defines/#undef
that cancel each other.
* s/sol2-3.h:
* s/sol2-4.h:
* s/sol2-5.h: Remove.
* m/ibmrs6000.h: Remove code for USG5_4, this file is only used on AIX.
(NO_REMAP): Remove, unused.
(UNEXEC): Move definition ...
* s/aix4-2.h (UNEXEC): ... here.
* configure.in: Remove support for Solaris on PPC and for old versions.
author | Dan Nicolaescu <dann@ics.uci.edu> |
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date | Fri, 19 Mar 2010 22:52:55 -0700 |
parents | 1d1d5d9bd884 |
children | 8020ce418135 376148b31b5e |
rev | line source |
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1 ;;; calc-poly.el --- polynomial functions for Calc |
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2 |
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3 ;; Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, |
106815 | 4 ;; 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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5 |
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6 ;; Author: David Gillespie <daveg@synaptics.com> |
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7 ;; Maintainer: Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com> |
40785 | 8 |
9 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
10 | |
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11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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13 ;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or |
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14 ;; (at your option) any later version. |
40785 | 15 |
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16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details. |
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20 |
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21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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22 ;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
40785 | 23 |
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24 ;;; Commentary: |
40785 | 25 |
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26 ;;; Code: |
40785 | 27 |
28 ;; This file is autoloaded from calc-ext.el. | |
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29 |
40785 | 30 (require 'calc-ext) |
31 (require 'calc-macs) | |
32 | |
33 (defun calcFunc-pcont (expr &optional var) | |
34 (cond ((Math-primp expr) | |
35 (cond ((Math-zerop expr) 1) | |
36 ((Math-messy-integerp expr) (math-trunc expr)) | |
37 ((Math-objectp expr) expr) | |
38 ((or (equal expr var) (not var)) 1) | |
39 (t expr))) | |
40 ((eq (car expr) '*) | |
41 (math-mul (calcFunc-pcont (nth 1 expr) var) | |
42 (calcFunc-pcont (nth 2 expr) var))) | |
43 ((eq (car expr) '/) | |
44 (math-div (calcFunc-pcont (nth 1 expr) var) | |
45 (calcFunc-pcont (nth 2 expr) var))) | |
46 ((and (eq (car expr) '^) (Math-natnump (nth 2 expr))) | |
47 (math-pow (calcFunc-pcont (nth 1 expr) var) (nth 2 expr))) | |
48 ((memq (car expr) '(neg polar)) | |
49 (calcFunc-pcont (nth 1 expr) var)) | |
50 ((consp var) | |
51 (let ((p (math-is-polynomial expr var))) | |
52 (if p | |
53 (let ((lead (nth (1- (length p)) p)) | |
54 (cont (math-poly-gcd-list p))) | |
55 (if (math-guess-if-neg lead) | |
56 (math-neg cont) | |
57 cont)) | |
58 1))) | |
59 ((memq (car expr) '(+ - cplx sdev)) | |
60 (let ((cont (calcFunc-pcont (nth 1 expr) var))) | |
61 (if (eq cont 1) | |
62 1 | |
63 (let ((c2 (calcFunc-pcont (nth 2 expr) var))) | |
64 (if (and (math-negp cont) | |
65 (if (eq (car expr) '-) (math-posp c2) (math-negp c2))) | |
66 (math-neg (math-poly-gcd cont c2)) | |
67 (math-poly-gcd cont c2)))))) | |
68 (var expr) | |
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69 (t 1))) |
40785 | 70 |
71 (defun calcFunc-pprim (expr &optional var) | |
72 (let ((cont (calcFunc-pcont expr var))) | |
73 (if (math-equal-int cont 1) | |
74 expr | |
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75 (math-poly-div-exact expr cont var)))) |
40785 | 76 |
77 (defun math-div-poly-const (expr c) | |
78 (cond ((memq (car-safe expr) '(+ -)) | |
79 (list (car expr) | |
80 (math-div-poly-const (nth 1 expr) c) | |
81 (math-div-poly-const (nth 2 expr) c))) | |
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82 (t (math-div expr c)))) |
40785 | 83 |
84 (defun calcFunc-pdeg (expr &optional var) | |
85 (if (Math-zerop expr) | |
86 '(neg (var inf var-inf)) | |
87 (if var | |
88 (or (math-polynomial-p expr var) | |
89 (math-reject-arg expr "Expected a polynomial")) | |
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90 (math-poly-degree expr)))) |
40785 | 91 |
92 (defun math-poly-degree (expr) | |
93 (cond ((Math-primp expr) | |
94 (if (eq (car-safe expr) 'var) 1 0)) | |
95 ((eq (car expr) 'neg) | |
96 (math-poly-degree (nth 1 expr))) | |
97 ((eq (car expr) '*) | |
98 (+ (math-poly-degree (nth 1 expr)) | |
99 (math-poly-degree (nth 2 expr)))) | |
100 ((eq (car expr) '/) | |
101 (- (math-poly-degree (nth 1 expr)) | |
102 (math-poly-degree (nth 2 expr)))) | |
103 ((and (eq (car expr) '^) (natnump (nth 2 expr))) | |
104 (* (math-poly-degree (nth 1 expr)) (nth 2 expr))) | |
105 ((memq (car expr) '(+ -)) | |
106 (max (math-poly-degree (nth 1 expr)) | |
107 (math-poly-degree (nth 2 expr)))) | |
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108 (t 1))) |
40785 | 109 |
110 (defun calcFunc-plead (expr var) | |
111 (cond ((eq (car-safe expr) '*) | |
112 (math-mul (calcFunc-plead (nth 1 expr) var) | |
113 (calcFunc-plead (nth 2 expr) var))) | |
114 ((eq (car-safe expr) '/) | |
115 (math-div (calcFunc-plead (nth 1 expr) var) | |
116 (calcFunc-plead (nth 2 expr) var))) | |
117 ((and (eq (car-safe expr) '^) (math-natnump (nth 2 expr))) | |
118 (math-pow (calcFunc-plead (nth 1 expr) var) (nth 2 expr))) | |
119 ((Math-primp expr) | |
120 (if (equal expr var) | |
121 1 | |
122 expr)) | |
123 (t | |
124 (let ((p (math-is-polynomial expr var))) | |
125 (if (cdr p) | |
126 (nth (1- (length p)) p) | |
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127 1))))) |
40785 | 128 |
129 | |
130 | |
131 | |
132 | |
133 ;;; Polynomial quotient, remainder, and GCD. | |
134 ;;; Originally by Ove Ewerlid (ewerlid@mizar.DoCS.UU.SE). | |
135 ;;; Modifications and simplifications by daveg. | |
136 | |
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137 (defvar math-poly-modulus 1) |
40785 | 138 |
139 ;;; Return gcd of two polynomials | |
140 (defun calcFunc-pgcd (pn pd) | |
141 (if (math-any-floats pn) | |
142 (math-reject-arg pn "Coefficients must be rational")) | |
143 (if (math-any-floats pd) | |
144 (math-reject-arg pd "Coefficients must be rational")) | |
145 (let ((calc-prefer-frac t) | |
146 (math-poly-modulus (math-poly-modulus pn pd))) | |
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147 (math-poly-gcd pn pd))) |
40785 | 148 |
149 ;;; Return only quotient to top of stack (nil if zero) | |
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150 |
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151 ;; calc-poly-div-remainder is a local variable for |
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152 ;; calc-poly-div (in calc-alg.el), but is used by |
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153 ;; calcFunc-pdiv, which is called by calc-poly-div. |
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154 (defvar calc-poly-div-remainder) |
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155 |
40785 | 156 (defun calcFunc-pdiv (pn pd &optional base) |
157 (let* ((calc-prefer-frac t) | |
158 (math-poly-modulus (math-poly-modulus pn pd)) | |
159 (res (math-poly-div pn pd base))) | |
160 (setq calc-poly-div-remainder (cdr res)) | |
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161 (car res))) |
40785 | 162 |
163 ;;; Return only remainder to top of stack | |
164 (defun calcFunc-prem (pn pd &optional base) | |
165 (let ((calc-prefer-frac t) | |
166 (math-poly-modulus (math-poly-modulus pn pd))) | |
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167 (cdr (math-poly-div pn pd base)))) |
40785 | 168 |
169 (defun calcFunc-pdivrem (pn pd &optional base) | |
170 (let* ((calc-prefer-frac t) | |
171 (math-poly-modulus (math-poly-modulus pn pd)) | |
172 (res (math-poly-div pn pd base))) | |
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173 (list 'vec (car res) (cdr res)))) |
40785 | 174 |
175 (defun calcFunc-pdivide (pn pd &optional base) | |
176 (let* ((calc-prefer-frac t) | |
177 (math-poly-modulus (math-poly-modulus pn pd)) | |
178 (res (math-poly-div pn pd base))) | |
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179 (math-add (car res) (math-div (cdr res) pd)))) |
40785 | 180 |
181 | |
182 ;;; Multiply two terms, expanding out products of sums. | |
183 (defun math-mul-thru (lhs rhs) | |
184 (if (memq (car-safe lhs) '(+ -)) | |
185 (list (car lhs) | |
186 (math-mul-thru (nth 1 lhs) rhs) | |
187 (math-mul-thru (nth 2 lhs) rhs)) | |
188 (if (memq (car-safe rhs) '(+ -)) | |
189 (list (car rhs) | |
190 (math-mul-thru lhs (nth 1 rhs)) | |
191 (math-mul-thru lhs (nth 2 rhs))) | |
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192 (math-mul lhs rhs)))) |
40785 | 193 |
194 (defun math-div-thru (num den) | |
195 (if (memq (car-safe num) '(+ -)) | |
196 (list (car num) | |
197 (math-div-thru (nth 1 num) den) | |
198 (math-div-thru (nth 2 num) den)) | |
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199 (math-div num den))) |
40785 | 200 |
201 | |
202 ;;; Sort the terms of a sum into canonical order. | |
203 (defun math-sort-terms (expr) | |
204 (if (memq (car-safe expr) '(+ -)) | |
205 (math-list-to-sum | |
206 (sort (math-sum-to-list expr) | |
207 (function (lambda (a b) (math-beforep (car a) (car b)))))) | |
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208 expr)) |
40785 | 209 |
210 (defun math-list-to-sum (lst) | |
211 (if (cdr lst) | |
212 (list (if (cdr (car lst)) '- '+) | |
213 (math-list-to-sum (cdr lst)) | |
214 (car (car lst))) | |
215 (if (cdr (car lst)) | |
216 (math-neg (car (car lst))) | |
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217 (car (car lst))))) |
40785 | 218 |
219 (defun math-sum-to-list (tree &optional neg) | |
220 (cond ((eq (car-safe tree) '+) | |
221 (nconc (math-sum-to-list (nth 1 tree) neg) | |
222 (math-sum-to-list (nth 2 tree) neg))) | |
223 ((eq (car-safe tree) '-) | |
224 (nconc (math-sum-to-list (nth 1 tree) neg) | |
225 (math-sum-to-list (nth 2 tree) (not neg)))) | |
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226 (t (list (cons tree neg))))) |
40785 | 227 |
228 ;;; Check if the polynomial coefficients are modulo forms. | |
229 (defun math-poly-modulus (expr &optional expr2) | |
230 (or (math-poly-modulus-rec expr) | |
231 (and expr2 (math-poly-modulus-rec expr2)) | |
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232 1)) |
40785 | 233 |
234 (defun math-poly-modulus-rec (expr) | |
235 (if (and (eq (car-safe expr) 'mod) (Math-natnump (nth 2 expr))) | |
236 (list 'mod 1 (nth 2 expr)) | |
237 (and (memq (car-safe expr) '(+ - * /)) | |
238 (or (math-poly-modulus-rec (nth 1 expr)) | |
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239 (math-poly-modulus-rec (nth 2 expr)))))) |
40785 | 240 |
241 | |
242 ;;; Divide two polynomials. Return (quotient . remainder). | |
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243 (defvar math-poly-div-base nil) |
40785 | 244 (defun math-poly-div (u v &optional math-poly-div-base) |
245 (if math-poly-div-base | |
246 (math-do-poly-div u v) | |
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247 (math-do-poly-div (calcFunc-expand u) (calcFunc-expand v)))) |
40785 | 248 |
249 (defun math-poly-div-exact (u v &optional base) | |
250 (let ((res (math-poly-div u v base))) | |
251 (if (eq (cdr res) 0) | |
252 (car res) | |
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253 (math-reject-arg (list 'vec u v) "Argument is not a polynomial")))) |
40785 | 254 |
255 (defun math-do-poly-div (u v) | |
256 (cond ((math-constp u) | |
257 (if (math-constp v) | |
258 (cons (math-div u v) 0) | |
259 (cons 0 u))) | |
260 ((math-constp v) | |
261 (cons (if (eq v 1) | |
262 u | |
263 (if (memq (car-safe u) '(+ -)) | |
264 (math-add-or-sub (math-poly-div-exact (nth 1 u) v) | |
265 (math-poly-div-exact (nth 2 u) v) | |
266 nil (eq (car u) '-)) | |
267 (math-div u v))) | |
268 0)) | |
269 ((Math-equal u v) | |
270 (cons math-poly-modulus 0)) | |
271 ((and (math-atomic-factorp u) (math-atomic-factorp v)) | |
272 (cons (math-simplify (math-div u v)) 0)) | |
273 (t | |
274 (let ((base (or math-poly-div-base | |
275 (math-poly-div-base u v))) | |
276 vp up res) | |
277 (if (or (null base) | |
278 (null (setq vp (math-is-polynomial v base nil 'gen)))) | |
279 (cons 0 u) | |
280 (setq up (math-is-polynomial u base nil 'gen) | |
281 res (math-poly-div-coefs up vp)) | |
282 (cons (math-build-polynomial-expr (car res) base) | |
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283 (math-build-polynomial-expr (cdr res) base))))))) |
40785 | 284 |
285 (defun math-poly-div-rec (u v) | |
286 (cond ((math-constp u) | |
287 (math-div u v)) | |
288 ((math-constp v) | |
289 (if (eq v 1) | |
290 u | |
291 (if (memq (car-safe u) '(+ -)) | |
292 (math-add-or-sub (math-poly-div-rec (nth 1 u) v) | |
293 (math-poly-div-rec (nth 2 u) v) | |
294 nil (eq (car u) '-)) | |
295 (math-div u v)))) | |
296 ((Math-equal u v) math-poly-modulus) | |
297 ((and (math-atomic-factorp u) (math-atomic-factorp v)) | |
298 (math-simplify (math-div u v))) | |
299 (math-poly-div-base | |
300 (math-div u v)) | |
301 (t | |
302 (let ((base (math-poly-div-base u v)) | |
303 vp up res) | |
304 (if (or (null base) | |
305 (null (setq vp (math-is-polynomial v base nil 'gen)))) | |
306 (math-div u v) | |
307 (setq up (math-is-polynomial u base nil 'gen) | |
308 res (math-poly-div-coefs up vp)) | |
309 (math-add (math-build-polynomial-expr (car res) base) | |
310 (math-div (math-build-polynomial-expr (cdr res) base) | |
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311 v))))))) |
40785 | 312 |
313 ;;; Divide two polynomials in coefficient-list form. Return (quot . rem). | |
314 (defun math-poly-div-coefs (u v) | |
315 (cond ((null v) (math-reject-arg nil "Division by zero")) | |
316 ((< (length u) (length v)) (cons nil u)) | |
317 ((cdr u) | |
318 (let ((q nil) | |
319 (urev (reverse u)) | |
320 (vrev (reverse v))) | |
321 (while | |
322 (let ((qk (math-poly-div-rec (math-simplify (car urev)) | |
323 (car vrev))) | |
324 (up urev) | |
325 (vp vrev)) | |
326 (if (or q (not (math-zerop qk))) | |
327 (setq q (cons qk q))) | |
328 (while (setq up (cdr up) vp (cdr vp)) | |
329 (setcar up (math-sub (car up) (math-mul-thru qk (car vp))))) | |
330 (setq urev (cdr urev)) | |
331 up)) | |
332 (while (and urev (Math-zerop (car urev))) | |
333 (setq urev (cdr urev))) | |
334 (cons q (nreverse (mapcar 'math-simplify urev))))) | |
335 (t | |
336 (cons (list (math-poly-div-rec (car u) (car v))) | |
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337 nil)))) |
40785 | 338 |
339 ;;; Perform a pseudo-division of polynomials. (See Knuth section 4.6.1.) | |
340 ;;; This returns only the remainder from the pseudo-division. | |
341 (defun math-poly-pseudo-div (u v) | |
342 (cond ((null v) nil) | |
343 ((< (length u) (length v)) u) | |
344 ((or (cdr u) (cdr v)) | |
345 (let ((urev (reverse u)) | |
346 (vrev (reverse v)) | |
347 up) | |
348 (while | |
349 (let ((vp vrev)) | |
350 (setq up urev) | |
351 (while (setq up (cdr up) vp (cdr vp)) | |
352 (setcar up (math-sub (math-mul-thru (car vrev) (car up)) | |
353 (math-mul-thru (car urev) (car vp))))) | |
354 (setq urev (cdr urev)) | |
355 up) | |
356 (while up | |
357 (setcar up (math-mul-thru (car vrev) (car up))) | |
358 (setq up (cdr up)))) | |
359 (while (and urev (Math-zerop (car urev))) | |
360 (setq urev (cdr urev))) | |
361 (nreverse (mapcar 'math-simplify urev)))) | |
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362 (t nil))) |
40785 | 363 |
364 ;;; Compute the GCD of two multivariate polynomials. | |
365 (defun math-poly-gcd (u v) | |
366 (cond ((Math-equal u v) u) | |
367 ((math-constp u) | |
368 (if (Math-zerop u) | |
369 v | |
370 (calcFunc-gcd u (calcFunc-pcont v)))) | |
371 ((math-constp v) | |
372 (if (Math-zerop v) | |
373 v | |
374 (calcFunc-gcd v (calcFunc-pcont u)))) | |
375 (t | |
376 (let ((base (math-poly-gcd-base u v))) | |
377 (if base | |
378 (math-simplify | |
379 (calcFunc-expand | |
380 (math-build-polynomial-expr | |
381 (math-poly-gcd-coefs (math-is-polynomial u base nil 'gen) | |
382 (math-is-polynomial v base nil 'gen)) | |
383 base))) | |
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384 (calcFunc-gcd (calcFunc-pcont u) (calcFunc-pcont u))))))) |
40785 | 385 |
386 (defun math-poly-div-list (lst a) | |
387 (if (eq a 1) | |
388 lst | |
389 (if (eq a -1) | |
390 (math-mul-list lst a) | |
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391 (mapcar (function (lambda (x) (math-poly-div-exact x a))) lst)))) |
40785 | 392 |
393 (defun math-mul-list (lst a) | |
394 (if (eq a 1) | |
395 lst | |
396 (if (eq a -1) | |
397 (mapcar 'math-neg lst) | |
398 (and (not (eq a 0)) | |
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399 (mapcar (function (lambda (x) (math-mul x a))) lst))))) |
40785 | 400 |
401 ;;; Run GCD on all elements in a list. | |
402 (defun math-poly-gcd-list (lst) | |
403 (if (or (memq 1 lst) (memq -1 lst)) | |
404 (math-poly-gcd-frac-list lst) | |
405 (let ((gcd (car lst))) | |
406 (while (and (setq lst (cdr lst)) (not (eq gcd 1))) | |
407 (or (eq (car lst) 0) | |
408 (setq gcd (math-poly-gcd gcd (car lst))))) | |
409 (if lst (setq lst (math-poly-gcd-frac-list lst))) | |
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410 gcd))) |
40785 | 411 |
412 (defun math-poly-gcd-frac-list (lst) | |
413 (while (and lst (not (eq (car-safe (car lst)) 'frac))) | |
414 (setq lst (cdr lst))) | |
415 (if lst | |
416 (let ((denom (nth 2 (car lst)))) | |
417 (while (setq lst (cdr lst)) | |
418 (if (eq (car-safe (car lst)) 'frac) | |
419 (setq denom (calcFunc-lcm denom (nth 2 (car lst)))))) | |
420 (list 'frac 1 denom)) | |
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421 1)) |
40785 | 422 |
423 ;;; Compute the GCD of two monovariate polynomial lists. | |
424 ;;; Knuth section 4.6.1, algorithm C. | |
425 (defun math-poly-gcd-coefs (u v) | |
426 (let ((d (math-poly-gcd (math-poly-gcd-list u) | |
427 (math-poly-gcd-list v))) | |
428 (g 1) (h 1) (z 0) hh r delta ghd) | |
429 (while (and u v (Math-zerop (car u)) (Math-zerop (car v))) | |
430 (setq u (cdr u) v (cdr v) z (1+ z))) | |
431 (or (eq d 1) | |
432 (setq u (math-poly-div-list u d) | |
433 v (math-poly-div-list v d))) | |
434 (while (progn | |
435 (setq delta (- (length u) (length v))) | |
436 (if (< delta 0) | |
437 (setq r u u v v r delta (- delta))) | |
438 (setq r (math-poly-pseudo-div u v)) | |
439 (cdr r)) | |
440 (setq u v | |
441 v (math-poly-div-list r (math-mul g (math-pow h delta))) | |
442 g (nth (1- (length u)) u) | |
443 h (if (<= delta 1) | |
444 (math-mul (math-pow g delta) (math-pow h (- 1 delta))) | |
445 (math-poly-div-exact (math-pow g delta) | |
446 (math-pow h (1- delta)))))) | |
447 (setq v (if r | |
448 (list d) | |
449 (math-mul-list (math-poly-div-list v (math-poly-gcd-list v)) d))) | |
450 (if (math-guess-if-neg (nth (1- (length v)) v)) | |
451 (setq v (math-mul-list v -1))) | |
452 (while (>= (setq z (1- z)) 0) | |
453 (setq v (cons 0 v))) | |
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454 v)) |
40785 | 455 |
456 | |
457 ;;; Return true if is a factor containing no sums or quotients. | |
458 (defun math-atomic-factorp (expr) | |
459 (cond ((eq (car-safe expr) '*) | |
460 (and (math-atomic-factorp (nth 1 expr)) | |
461 (math-atomic-factorp (nth 2 expr)))) | |
462 ((memq (car-safe expr) '(+ - /)) | |
463 nil) | |
464 ((memq (car-safe expr) '(^ neg)) | |
465 (math-atomic-factorp (nth 1 expr))) | |
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466 (t t))) |
40785 | 467 |
468 ;;; Find a suitable base for dividing a by b. | |
469 ;;; The base must exist in both expressions. | |
470 ;;; The degree in the numerator must be higher or equal than the | |
471 ;;; degree in the denominator. | |
472 ;;; If the above conditions are not met the quotient is just a remainder. | |
473 ;;; Return nil if this is the case. | |
474 | |
475 (defun math-poly-div-base (a b) | |
476 (let (a-base b-base) | |
477 (and (setq a-base (math-total-polynomial-base a)) | |
478 (setq b-base (math-total-polynomial-base b)) | |
479 (catch 'return | |
480 (while a-base | |
481 (let ((maybe (assoc (car (car a-base)) b-base))) | |
482 (if maybe | |
483 (if (>= (nth 1 (car a-base)) (nth 1 maybe)) | |
484 (throw 'return (car (car a-base)))))) | |
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485 (setq a-base (cdr a-base))))))) |
40785 | 486 |
487 ;;; Same as above but for gcd algorithm. | |
488 ;;; Here there is no requirement that degree(a) > degree(b). | |
489 ;;; Take the base that has the highest degree considering both a and b. | |
490 ;;; ("a^20+b^21+x^3+a+b", "a+b^2+x^5+a^22+b^10") --> (a 22) | |
491 | |
492 (defun math-poly-gcd-base (a b) | |
493 (let (a-base b-base) | |
494 (and (setq a-base (math-total-polynomial-base a)) | |
495 (setq b-base (math-total-polynomial-base b)) | |
496 (catch 'return | |
497 (while (and a-base b-base) | |
498 (if (> (nth 1 (car a-base)) (nth 1 (car b-base))) | |
499 (if (assoc (car (car a-base)) b-base) | |
500 (throw 'return (car (car a-base))) | |
501 (setq a-base (cdr a-base))) | |
502 (if (assoc (car (car b-base)) a-base) | |
503 (throw 'return (car (car b-base))) | |
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504 (setq b-base (cdr b-base))))))))) |
40785 | 505 |
506 ;;; Sort a list of polynomial bases. | |
507 (defun math-sort-poly-base-list (lst) | |
508 (sort lst (function (lambda (a b) | |
509 (or (> (nth 1 a) (nth 1 b)) | |
510 (and (= (nth 1 a) (nth 1 b)) | |
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511 (math-beforep (car a) (car b)))))))) |
40785 | 512 |
513 ;;; Given an expression find all variables that are polynomial bases. | |
514 ;;; Return list in the form '( (var1 degree1) (var2 degree2) ... ). | |
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515 |
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516 ;; The variable math-poly-base-total-base is local to |
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517 ;; math-total-polynomial-base, but is used by math-polynomial-p1, |
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518 ;; which is called by math-total-polynomial-base. |
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519 (defvar math-poly-base-total-base) |
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520 |
40785 | 521 (defun math-total-polynomial-base (expr) |
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522 (let ((math-poly-base-total-base nil)) |
40785 | 523 (math-polynomial-base expr 'math-polynomial-p1) |
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524 (math-sort-poly-base-list math-poly-base-total-base))) |
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525 |
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526 ;; The variable math-poly-base-top-expr is local to math-polynomial-base |
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527 ;; in calc-alg.el, but is used by math-polynomial-p1 which is called |
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528 ;; by math-polynomial-base. |
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529 (defvar math-poly-base-top-expr) |
40785 | 530 |
531 (defun math-polynomial-p1 (subexpr) | |
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532 (or (assoc subexpr math-poly-base-total-base) |
40785 | 533 (memq (car subexpr) '(+ - * / neg)) |
534 (and (eq (car subexpr) '^) (natnump (nth 2 subexpr))) | |
535 (let* ((math-poly-base-variable subexpr) | |
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536 (exponent (math-polynomial-p math-poly-base-top-expr subexpr))) |
40785 | 537 (if exponent |
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538 (setq math-poly-base-total-base (cons (list subexpr exponent) |
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539 math-poly-base-total-base))))) |
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540 nil) |
40785 | 541 |
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542 ;; The variable math-factored-vars is local to calcFunc-factors and |
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543 ;; calcFunc-factor, but is used by math-factor-expr and |
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544 ;; math-factor-expr-part, which are called (directly and indirectly) by |
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545 ;; calcFunc-factor and calcFunc-factors. |
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546 (defvar math-factored-vars) |
40785 | 547 |
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548 ;; The variable math-fact-expr is local to calcFunc-factors, |
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549 ;; calcFunc-factor and math-factor-expr, but is used by math-factor-expr-try |
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550 ;; and math-factor-expr-part, which are called (directly and indirectly) by |
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551 ;; calcFunc-factor, calcFunc-factors and math-factor-expr. |
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552 (defvar math-fact-expr) |
40785 | 553 |
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554 ;; The variable math-to-list is local to calcFunc-factors and |
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555 ;; calcFunc-factor, but is used by math-accum-factors, which is |
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556 ;; called (indirectly) by calcFunc-factors and calcFunc-factor. |
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557 (defvar math-to-list) |
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558 |
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559 (defun calcFunc-factors (math-fact-expr &optional var) |
40785 | 560 (let ((math-factored-vars (if var t nil)) |
561 (math-to-list t) | |
562 (calc-prefer-frac t)) | |
563 (or var | |
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564 (setq var (math-polynomial-base math-fact-expr))) |
40785 | 565 (let ((res (math-factor-finish |
566 (or (catch 'factor (math-factor-expr-try var)) | |
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567 math-fact-expr)))) |
40785 | 568 (math-simplify (if (math-vectorp res) |
569 res | |
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570 (list 'vec (list 'vec res 1))))))) |
40785 | 571 |
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572 (defun calcFunc-factor (math-fact-expr &optional var) |
40785 | 573 (let ((math-factored-vars nil) |
574 (math-to-list nil) | |
575 (calc-prefer-frac t)) | |
576 (math-simplify (math-factor-finish | |
577 (if var | |
578 (let ((math-factored-vars t)) | |
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579 (or (catch 'factor (math-factor-expr-try var)) math-fact-expr)) |
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580 (math-factor-expr math-fact-expr)))))) |
40785 | 581 |
582 (defun math-factor-finish (x) | |
583 (if (Math-primp x) | |
584 x | |
585 (if (eq (car x) 'calcFunc-Fac-Prot) | |
586 (math-factor-finish (nth 1 x)) | |
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587 (cons (car x) (mapcar 'math-factor-finish (cdr x)))))) |
40785 | 588 |
589 (defun math-factor-protect (x) | |
590 (if (memq (car-safe x) '(+ -)) | |
591 (list 'calcFunc-Fac-Prot x) | |
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592 x)) |
40785 | 593 |
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594 (defun math-factor-expr (math-fact-expr) |
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595 (cond ((eq math-factored-vars t) math-fact-expr) |
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596 ((or (memq (car-safe math-fact-expr) '(* / ^ neg)) |
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597 (assq (car-safe math-fact-expr) calc-tweak-eqn-table)) |
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598 (cons (car math-fact-expr) (mapcar 'math-factor-expr (cdr math-fact-expr)))) |
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599 ((memq (car-safe math-fact-expr) '(+ -)) |
40785 | 600 (let* ((math-factored-vars math-factored-vars) |
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601 (y (catch 'factor (math-factor-expr-part math-fact-expr)))) |
40785 | 602 (if y |
603 (math-factor-expr y) | |
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604 math-fact-expr))) |
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605 (t math-fact-expr))) |
40785 | 606 |
607 (defun math-factor-expr-part (x) ; uses "expr" | |
608 (if (memq (car-safe x) '(+ - * / ^ neg)) | |
609 (while (setq x (cdr x)) | |
610 (math-factor-expr-part (car x))) | |
611 (and (not (Math-objvecp x)) | |
612 (not (assoc x math-factored-vars)) | |
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613 (> (math-factor-contains math-fact-expr x) 1) |
40785 | 614 (setq math-factored-vars (cons (list x) math-factored-vars)) |
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615 (math-factor-expr-try x)))) |
40785 | 616 |
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617 ;; The variable math-fet-x is local to math-factor-expr-try, but is |
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618 ;; used by math-factor-poly-coefs, which is called by math-factor-expr-try. |
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619 (defvar math-fet-x) |
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620 |
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621 (defun math-factor-expr-try (math-fet-x) |
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622 (if (eq (car-safe math-fact-expr) '*) |
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623 (let ((res1 (catch 'factor (let ((math-fact-expr (nth 1 math-fact-expr))) |
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624 (math-factor-expr-try math-fet-x)))) |
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625 (res2 (catch 'factor (let ((math-fact-expr (nth 2 math-fact-expr))) |
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626 (math-factor-expr-try math-fet-x))))) |
40785 | 627 (and (or res1 res2) |
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628 (throw 'factor (math-accum-factors (or res1 (nth 1 math-fact-expr)) 1 |
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629 (or res2 (nth 2 math-fact-expr)))))) |
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630 (let* ((p (math-is-polynomial math-fact-expr math-fet-x 30 'gen)) |
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631 (math-poly-modulus (math-poly-modulus math-fact-expr)) |
40785 | 632 res) |
633 (and (cdr p) | |
634 (setq res (math-factor-poly-coefs p)) | |
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635 (throw 'factor res))))) |
40785 | 636 |
637 (defun math-accum-factors (fac pow facs) | |
638 (if math-to-list | |
639 (if (math-vectorp fac) | |
640 (progn | |
641 (while (setq fac (cdr fac)) | |
642 (setq facs (math-accum-factors (nth 1 (car fac)) | |
643 (* pow (nth 2 (car fac))) | |
644 facs))) | |
645 facs) | |
646 (if (and (eq (car-safe fac) '^) (natnump (nth 2 fac))) | |
647 (setq pow (* pow (nth 2 fac)) | |
648 fac (nth 1 fac))) | |
649 (if (eq fac 1) | |
650 facs | |
651 (or (math-vectorp facs) | |
652 (setq facs (if (eq facs 1) '(vec) | |
653 (list 'vec (list 'vec facs 1))))) | |
654 (let ((found facs)) | |
655 (while (and (setq found (cdr found)) | |
656 (not (equal fac (nth 1 (car found)))))) | |
657 (if found | |
658 (progn | |
659 (setcar (cdr (cdr (car found))) (+ pow (nth 2 (car found)))) | |
660 facs) | |
661 ;; Put constant term first. | |
662 (if (and (cdr facs) (Math-ratp (nth 1 (nth 1 facs)))) | |
663 (cons 'vec (cons (nth 1 facs) (cons (list 'vec fac pow) | |
664 (cdr (cdr facs))))) | |
665 (cons 'vec (cons (list 'vec fac pow) (cdr facs)))))))) | |
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666 (math-mul (math-pow fac pow) facs))) |
40785 | 667 |
668 (defun math-factor-poly-coefs (p &optional square-free) ; uses "x" | |
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669 (let (t1 t2 temp) |
40785 | 670 (cond ((not (cdr p)) |
671 (or (car p) 0)) | |
672 | |
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673 ;; Strip off multiples of math-fet-x. |
40785 | 674 ((Math-zerop (car p)) |
675 (let ((z 0)) | |
676 (while (and p (Math-zerop (car p))) | |
677 (setq z (1+ z) p (cdr p))) | |
678 (if (cdr p) | |
679 (setq p (math-factor-poly-coefs p square-free)) | |
680 (setq p (math-sort-terms (math-factor-expr (car p))))) | |
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681 (math-accum-factors math-fet-x z (math-factor-protect p)))) |
40785 | 682 |
683 ;; Factor out content. | |
684 ((and (not square-free) | |
685 (not (eq 1 (setq t1 (math-mul (math-poly-gcd-list p) | |
686 (if (math-guess-if-neg | |
687 (nth (1- (length p)) p)) | |
688 -1 1)))))) | |
689 (math-accum-factors t1 1 (math-factor-poly-coefs | |
690 (math-poly-div-list p t1) 'cont))) | |
691 | |
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692 ;; Check if linear in math-fet-x. |
40785 | 693 ((not (cdr (cdr p))) |
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694 (math-sort-terms |
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695 (math-add (math-factor-protect |
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696 (math-sort-terms |
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697 (math-factor-expr (car p)))) |
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698 (math-mul math-fet-x (math-factor-protect |
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699 (math-sort-terms |
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700 (math-factor-expr (nth 1 p)))))))) |
40785 | 701 |
702 ;; If symbolic coefficients, use FactorRules. | |
703 ((let ((pp p)) | |
704 (while (and pp (or (Math-ratp (car pp)) | |
705 (and (eq (car (car pp)) 'mod) | |
706 (Math-integerp (nth 1 (car pp))) | |
707 (Math-integerp (nth 2 (car pp)))))) | |
708 (setq pp (cdr pp))) | |
709 pp) | |
710 (let ((res (math-rewrite | |
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711 (list 'calcFunc-thecoefs math-fet-x (cons 'vec p)) |
40785 | 712 '(var FactorRules var-FactorRules)))) |
713 (or (and (eq (car-safe res) 'calcFunc-thefactors) | |
714 (= (length res) 3) | |
715 (math-vectorp (nth 2 res)) | |
716 (let ((facs 1) | |
717 (vec (nth 2 res))) | |
718 (while (setq vec (cdr vec)) | |
719 (setq facs (math-accum-factors (car vec) 1 facs))) | |
720 facs)) | |
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721 (math-build-polynomial-expr p math-fet-x)))) |
40785 | 722 |
723 ;; Check if rational coefficients (i.e., not modulo a prime). | |
724 ((eq math-poly-modulus 1) | |
725 | |
726 ;; Check if there are any squared terms, or a content not = 1. | |
727 (if (or (eq square-free t) | |
728 (equal (setq t1 (math-poly-gcd-coefs | |
729 p (setq t2 (math-poly-deriv-coefs p)))) | |
730 '(1))) | |
731 | |
732 ;; We now have a square-free polynomial with integer coefs. | |
733 ;; For now, we use a kludgey method that finds linear and | |
734 ;; quadratic terms using floating-point root-finding. | |
735 (if (setq t1 (let ((calc-symbolic-mode nil)) | |
736 (math-poly-all-roots nil p t))) | |
737 (let ((roots (car t1)) | |
738 (csign (if (math-negp (nth (1- (length p)) p)) -1 1)) | |
739 (expr 1) | |
740 (unfac (nth 1 t1)) | |
741 (scale (nth 2 t1))) | |
742 (while roots | |
743 (let ((coef0 (car (car roots))) | |
744 (coef1 (cdr (car roots)))) | |
745 (setq expr (math-accum-factors | |
746 (if coef1 | |
747 (let ((den (math-lcm-denoms | |
748 coef0 coef1))) | |
749 (setq scale (math-div scale den)) | |
750 (math-add | |
751 (math-add | |
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752 (math-mul den (math-pow math-fet-x 2)) |
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|
753 (math-mul (math-mul coef1 den) |
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|
754 math-fet-x)) |
40785 | 755 (math-mul coef0 den))) |
756 (let ((den (math-lcm-denoms coef0))) | |
757 (setq scale (math-div scale den)) | |
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758 (math-add (math-mul den math-fet-x) |
40785 | 759 (math-mul coef0 den)))) |
760 1 expr) | |
761 roots (cdr roots)))) | |
762 (setq expr (math-accum-factors | |
763 expr 1 | |
764 (math-mul csign | |
765 (math-build-polynomial-expr | |
766 (math-mul-list (nth 1 t1) scale) | |
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|
767 math-fet-x))))) |
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768 (math-build-polynomial-expr p math-fet-x)) ; can't factor it. |
40785 | 769 |
770 ;; Separate out the squared terms (Knuth exercise 4.6.2-34). | |
771 ;; This step also divides out the content of the polynomial. | |
772 (let* ((cabs (math-poly-gcd-list p)) | |
773 (csign (if (math-negp (nth (1- (length p)) p)) -1 1)) | |
774 (t1s (math-mul-list t1 csign)) | |
775 (uu nil) | |
776 (v (car (math-poly-div-coefs p t1s))) | |
777 (w (car (math-poly-div-coefs t2 t1s)))) | |
778 (while | |
779 (not (math-poly-zerop | |
780 (setq t2 (math-poly-simplify | |
781 (math-poly-mix | |
782 w 1 (math-poly-deriv-coefs v) -1))))) | |
783 (setq t1 (math-poly-gcd-coefs v t2) | |
784 uu (cons t1 uu) | |
785 v (car (math-poly-div-coefs v t1)) | |
786 w (car (math-poly-div-coefs t2 t1)))) | |
787 (setq t1 (length uu) | |
788 t2 (math-accum-factors (math-factor-poly-coefs v t) | |
789 (1+ t1) 1)) | |
790 (while uu | |
791 (setq t2 (math-accum-factors (math-factor-poly-coefs | |
792 (car uu) t) | |
793 t1 t2) | |
794 t1 (1- t1) | |
795 uu (cdr uu))) | |
796 (math-accum-factors (math-mul cabs csign) 1 t2)))) | |
797 | |
798 ;; Factoring modulo a prime. | |
799 ((and (= (length (setq temp (math-poly-gcd-coefs | |
800 p (math-poly-deriv-coefs p)))) | |
801 (length p))) | |
802 (setq p (car temp)) | |
803 (while (cdr temp) | |
804 (setq temp (nthcdr (nth 2 math-poly-modulus) temp) | |
805 p (cons (car temp) p))) | |
806 (and (setq temp (math-factor-poly-coefs p)) | |
807 (math-pow temp (nth 2 math-poly-modulus)))) | |
808 (t | |
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809 (math-reject-arg nil "*Modulo factorization not yet implemented"))))) |
40785 | 810 |
811 (defun math-poly-deriv-coefs (p) | |
812 (let ((n 1) | |
813 (dp nil)) | |
814 (while (setq p (cdr p)) | |
815 (setq dp (cons (math-mul (car p) n) dp) | |
816 n (1+ n))) | |
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817 (nreverse dp))) |
40785 | 818 |
819 (defun math-factor-contains (x a) | |
820 (if (equal x a) | |
821 1 | |
822 (if (memq (car-safe x) '(+ - * / neg)) | |
823 (let ((sum 0)) | |
824 (while (setq x (cdr x)) | |
825 (setq sum (+ sum (math-factor-contains (car x) a)))) | |
826 sum) | |
827 (if (and (eq (car-safe x) '^) | |
828 (natnump (nth 2 x))) | |
829 (* (math-factor-contains (nth 1 x) a) (nth 2 x)) | |
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830 0)))) |
40785 | 831 |
832 | |
833 | |
834 | |
835 | |
836 ;;; Merge all quotients and expand/simplify the numerator | |
837 (defun calcFunc-nrat (expr) | |
838 (if (math-any-floats expr) | |
839 (setq expr (calcFunc-pfrac expr))) | |
840 (if (or (math-vectorp expr) | |
841 (assq (car-safe expr) calc-tweak-eqn-table)) | |
842 (cons (car expr) (mapcar 'calcFunc-nrat (cdr expr))) | |
843 (let* ((calc-prefer-frac t) | |
844 (res (math-to-ratpoly expr)) | |
845 (num (math-simplify (math-sort-terms (calcFunc-expand (car res))))) | |
846 (den (math-simplify (math-sort-terms (calcFunc-expand (cdr res))))) | |
847 (g (math-poly-gcd num den))) | |
848 (or (eq g 1) | |
849 (let ((num2 (math-poly-div num g)) | |
850 (den2 (math-poly-div den g))) | |
851 (and (eq (cdr num2) 0) (eq (cdr den2) 0) | |
852 (setq num (car num2) den (car den2))))) | |
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853 (math-simplify (math-div num den))))) |
40785 | 854 |
855 ;;; Returns expressions (num . denom). | |
856 (defun math-to-ratpoly (expr) | |
857 (let ((res (math-to-ratpoly-rec expr))) | |
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858 (cons (math-simplify (car res)) (math-simplify (cdr res))))) |
40785 | 859 |
860 (defun math-to-ratpoly-rec (expr) | |
861 (cond ((Math-primp expr) | |
862 (cons expr 1)) | |
863 ((memq (car expr) '(+ -)) | |
864 (let ((r1 (math-to-ratpoly-rec (nth 1 expr))) | |
865 (r2 (math-to-ratpoly-rec (nth 2 expr)))) | |
866 (if (equal (cdr r1) (cdr r2)) | |
867 (cons (list (car expr) (car r1) (car r2)) (cdr r1)) | |
868 (if (eq (cdr r1) 1) | |
869 (cons (list (car expr) | |
870 (math-mul (car r1) (cdr r2)) | |
871 (car r2)) | |
872 (cdr r2)) | |
873 (if (eq (cdr r2) 1) | |
874 (cons (list (car expr) | |
875 (car r1) | |
876 (math-mul (car r2) (cdr r1))) | |
877 (cdr r1)) | |
878 (let ((g (math-poly-gcd (cdr r1) (cdr r2)))) | |
879 (let ((d1 (and (not (eq g 1)) (math-poly-div (cdr r1) g))) | |
880 (d2 (and (not (eq g 1)) (math-poly-div | |
881 (math-mul (car r1) (cdr r2)) | |
882 g)))) | |
883 (if (and (eq (cdr d1) 0) (eq (cdr d2) 0)) | |
884 (cons (list (car expr) (car d2) | |
885 (math-mul (car r2) (car d1))) | |
886 (math-mul (car d1) (cdr r2))) | |
887 (cons (list (car expr) | |
888 (math-mul (car r1) (cdr r2)) | |
889 (math-mul (car r2) (cdr r1))) | |
890 (math-mul (cdr r1) (cdr r2))))))))))) | |
891 ((eq (car expr) '*) | |
892 (let* ((r1 (math-to-ratpoly-rec (nth 1 expr))) | |
893 (r2 (math-to-ratpoly-rec (nth 2 expr))) | |
894 (g (math-mul (math-poly-gcd (car r1) (cdr r2)) | |
895 (math-poly-gcd (cdr r1) (car r2))))) | |
896 (if (eq g 1) | |
897 (cons (math-mul (car r1) (car r2)) | |
898 (math-mul (cdr r1) (cdr r2))) | |
899 (cons (math-poly-div-exact (math-mul (car r1) (car r2)) g) | |
900 (math-poly-div-exact (math-mul (cdr r1) (cdr r2)) g))))) | |
901 ((eq (car expr) '/) | |
902 (let* ((r1 (math-to-ratpoly-rec (nth 1 expr))) | |
903 (r2 (math-to-ratpoly-rec (nth 2 expr)))) | |
904 (if (and (eq (cdr r1) 1) (eq (cdr r2) 1)) | |
905 (cons (car r1) (car r2)) | |
906 (let ((g (math-mul (math-poly-gcd (car r1) (car r2)) | |
907 (math-poly-gcd (cdr r1) (cdr r2))))) | |
908 (if (eq g 1) | |
909 (cons (math-mul (car r1) (cdr r2)) | |
910 (math-mul (cdr r1) (car r2))) | |
911 (cons (math-poly-div-exact (math-mul (car r1) (cdr r2)) g) | |
912 (math-poly-div-exact (math-mul (cdr r1) (car r2)) | |
913 g))))))) | |
914 ((and (eq (car expr) '^) (integerp (nth 2 expr))) | |
915 (let ((r1 (math-to-ratpoly-rec (nth 1 expr)))) | |
916 (if (> (nth 2 expr) 0) | |
917 (cons (math-pow (car r1) (nth 2 expr)) | |
918 (math-pow (cdr r1) (nth 2 expr))) | |
919 (cons (math-pow (cdr r1) (- (nth 2 expr))) | |
920 (math-pow (car r1) (- (nth 2 expr))))))) | |
921 ((eq (car expr) 'neg) | |
922 (let ((r1 (math-to-ratpoly-rec (nth 1 expr)))) | |
923 (cons (math-neg (car r1)) (cdr r1)))) | |
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924 (t (cons expr 1)))) |
40785 | 925 |
926 | |
927 (defun math-ratpoly-p (expr &optional var) | |
928 (cond ((equal expr var) 1) | |
929 ((Math-primp expr) 0) | |
930 ((memq (car expr) '(+ -)) | |
931 (let ((p1 (math-ratpoly-p (nth 1 expr) var)) | |
932 p2) | |
933 (and p1 (setq p2 (math-ratpoly-p (nth 2 expr) var)) | |
934 (max p1 p2)))) | |
935 ((eq (car expr) '*) | |
936 (let ((p1 (math-ratpoly-p (nth 1 expr) var)) | |
937 p2) | |
938 (and p1 (setq p2 (math-ratpoly-p (nth 2 expr) var)) | |
939 (+ p1 p2)))) | |
940 ((eq (car expr) 'neg) | |
941 (math-ratpoly-p (nth 1 expr) var)) | |
942 ((eq (car expr) '/) | |
943 (let ((p1 (math-ratpoly-p (nth 1 expr) var)) | |
944 p2) | |
945 (and p1 (setq p2 (math-ratpoly-p (nth 2 expr) var)) | |
946 (- p1 p2)))) | |
947 ((and (eq (car expr) '^) | |
948 (integerp (nth 2 expr))) | |
949 (let ((p1 (math-ratpoly-p (nth 1 expr) var))) | |
950 (and p1 (* p1 (nth 2 expr))))) | |
951 ((not var) 1) | |
952 ((math-poly-depends expr var) nil) | |
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953 (t 0))) |
40785 | 954 |
955 | |
956 (defun calcFunc-apart (expr &optional var) | |
957 (cond ((Math-primp expr) expr) | |
958 ((eq (car expr) '+) | |
959 (math-add (calcFunc-apart (nth 1 expr) var) | |
960 (calcFunc-apart (nth 2 expr) var))) | |
961 ((eq (car expr) '-) | |
962 (math-sub (calcFunc-apart (nth 1 expr) var) | |
963 (calcFunc-apart (nth 2 expr) var))) | |
101419
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964 ((and var (not (math-ratpoly-p expr var))) |
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|
965 (math-reject-arg expr "Expected a rational function")) |
40785 | 966 (t |
101419
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967 (let* ((calc-prefer-frac t) |
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|
968 (rat (math-to-ratpoly expr)) |
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|
969 (num (car rat)) |
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970 (den (cdr rat))) |
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|
971 (or var |
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|
972 (setq var (math-polynomial-base den))) |
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|
973 (if (not (math-ratpoly-p expr var)) |
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|
974 (math-reject-arg expr "Expected a rational function") |
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|
975 (let* ((qr (math-poly-div num den)) |
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|
976 (q (car qr)) |
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|
977 (r (cdr qr))) |
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|
978 (math-add q (or (and var |
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|
979 (math-expr-contains den var) |
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|
980 (math-partial-fractions r den var)) |
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|
981 (math-div r den))))))))) |
40785 | 982 |
983 | |
984 (defun math-padded-polynomial (expr var deg) | |
81610 | 985 "Return a polynomial as list of coefficients. |
986 If EXPR is of the form \"a + bx + cx^2 + ...\" in the variable VAR, return | |
987 the list (a b c ...) with at least DEG elements, else return NIL." | |
40785 | 988 (let ((p (math-is-polynomial expr var deg))) |
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989 (append p (make-list (- deg (length p)) 0)))) |
40785 | 990 |
991 (defun math-partial-fractions (r den var) | |
81610 | 992 "Return R divided by DEN expressed in partial fractions of VAR. |
993 All whole factors of DEN have already been split off from R. | |
994 If no partial fraction representation can be found, return nil." | |
40785 | 995 (let* ((fden (calcFunc-factors den var)) |
996 (tdeg (math-polynomial-p den var)) | |
997 (fp fden) | |
998 (dlist nil) | |
999 (eqns 0) | |
1000 (lz nil) | |
1001 (tz (make-list (1- tdeg) 0)) | |
1002 (calc-matrix-mode 'scalar)) | |
1003 (and (not (and (= (length fden) 2) (eq (nth 2 (nth 1 fden)) 1))) | |
1004 (progn | |
1005 (while (setq fp (cdr fp)) | |
1006 (let ((rpt (nth 2 (car fp))) | |
1007 (deg (math-polynomial-p (nth 1 (car fp)) var)) | |
1008 dnum dvar deg2) | |
1009 (while (> rpt 0) | |
1010 (setq deg2 deg | |
1011 dnum 0) | |
1012 (while (> deg2 0) | |
1013 (setq dvar (append '(vec) lz '(1) tz) | |
1014 lz (cons 0 lz) | |
1015 tz (cdr tz) | |
1016 deg2 (1- deg2) | |
1017 dnum (math-add dnum (math-mul dvar | |
1018 (math-pow var deg2))) | |
1019 dlist (cons (and (= deg2 (1- deg)) | |
1020 (math-pow (nth 1 (car fp)) rpt)) | |
1021 dlist))) | |
1022 (let ((fpp fden) | |
1023 (mult 1)) | |
1024 (while (setq fpp (cdr fpp)) | |
1025 (or (eq fpp fp) | |
1026 (setq mult (math-mul mult | |
1027 (math-pow (nth 1 (car fpp)) | |
1028 (nth 2 (car fpp))))))) | |
1029 (setq dnum (math-mul dnum mult))) | |
1030 (setq eqns (math-add eqns (math-mul dnum | |
1031 (math-pow | |
1032 (nth 1 (car fp)) | |
1033 (- (nth 2 (car fp)) | |
1034 rpt)))) | |
1035 rpt (1- rpt))))) | |
1036 (setq eqns (math-div (cons 'vec (math-padded-polynomial r var tdeg)) | |
1037 (math-transpose | |
1038 (cons 'vec | |
1039 (mapcar | |
1040 (function | |
1041 (lambda (x) | |
1042 (cons 'vec (math-padded-polynomial | |
1043 x var tdeg)))) | |
1044 (cdr eqns)))))) | |
1045 (and (math-vectorp eqns) | |
1046 (let ((res 0) | |
1047 (num nil)) | |
1048 (setq eqns (nreverse eqns)) | |
1049 (while eqns | |
1050 (setq num (cons (car eqns) num) | |
1051 eqns (cdr eqns)) | |
1052 (if (car dlist) | |
1053 (setq num (math-build-polynomial-expr | |
1054 (nreverse num) var) | |
1055 res (math-add res (math-div num (car dlist))) | |
1056 num nil)) | |
1057 (setq dlist (cdr dlist))) | |
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1058 (math-normalize res))))))) |
40785 | 1059 |
1060 | |
1061 | |
1062 (defun math-expand-term (expr) | |
1063 (cond ((and (eq (car-safe expr) '*) | |
1064 (memq (car-safe (nth 1 expr)) '(+ -))) | |
1065 (math-add-or-sub (list '* (nth 1 (nth 1 expr)) (nth 2 expr)) | |
1066 (list '* (nth 2 (nth 1 expr)) (nth 2 expr)) | |
1067 nil (eq (car (nth 1 expr)) '-))) | |
1068 ((and (eq (car-safe expr) '*) | |
1069 (memq (car-safe (nth 2 expr)) '(+ -))) | |
1070 (math-add-or-sub (list '* (nth 1 expr) (nth 1 (nth 2 expr))) | |
1071 (list '* (nth 1 expr) (nth 2 (nth 2 expr))) | |
1072 nil (eq (car (nth 2 expr)) '-))) | |
1073 ((and (eq (car-safe expr) '/) | |
1074 (memq (car-safe (nth 1 expr)) '(+ -))) | |
1075 (math-add-or-sub (list '/ (nth 1 (nth 1 expr)) (nth 2 expr)) | |
1076 (list '/ (nth 2 (nth 1 expr)) (nth 2 expr)) | |
1077 nil (eq (car (nth 1 expr)) '-))) | |
1078 ((and (eq (car-safe expr) '^) | |
1079 (memq (car-safe (nth 1 expr)) '(+ -)) | |
1080 (integerp (nth 2 expr)) | |
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1081 (if (and |
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1082 (or (math-known-matrixp (nth 1 (nth 1 expr))) |
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1083 (math-known-matrixp (nth 2 (nth 1 expr))) |
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1084 (and |
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1085 calc-matrix-mode |
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1086 (not (eq calc-matrix-mode 'scalar)) |
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1087 (not (and (math-known-scalarp (nth 1 (nth 1 expr))) |
a15a1dd65d9e
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1088 (math-known-scalarp (nth 2 (nth 1 expr))))))) |
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1089 (> (nth 2 expr) 1)) |
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|
1090 (if (= (nth 2 expr) 2) |
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|
1091 (math-add-or-sub (list '* (nth 1 (nth 1 expr)) (nth 1 expr)) |
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|
1092 (list '* (nth 2 (nth 1 expr)) (nth 1 expr)) |
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|
1093 nil (eq (car (nth 1 expr)) '-)) |
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(math-expand-term): Multiply out the powers when in matrix mode.
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|
1094 (math-add-or-sub (list '* (nth 1 (nth 1 expr)) |
22640ddbd499
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|
1095 (list '^ (nth 1 expr) |
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|
1096 (1- (nth 2 expr)))) |
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1097 (list '* (nth 2 (nth 1 expr)) |
22640ddbd499
(math-expand-term): Multiply out the powers when in matrix mode.
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1098 (list '^ (nth 1 expr) |
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1099 (1- (nth 2 expr)))) |
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1100 nil (eq (car (nth 1 expr)) '-))) |
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1101 (if (> (nth 2 expr) 0) |
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|
1102 (or (and (or (> math-mt-many 500000) (< math-mt-many -500000)) |
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|
1103 (math-expand-power (nth 1 expr) (nth 2 expr) |
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|
1104 nil t)) |
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|
1105 (list '* |
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|
1106 (nth 1 expr) |
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|
1107 (list '^ (nth 1 expr) (1- (nth 2 expr))))) |
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|
1108 (if (< (nth 2 expr) 0) |
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|
1109 (list '/ 1 (list '^ (nth 1 expr) (- (nth 2 expr))))))))) |
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1110 (t expr))) |
40785 | 1111 |
1112 (defun calcFunc-expand (expr &optional many) | |
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1113 (math-normalize (math-map-tree 'math-expand-term expr many))) |
40785 | 1114 |
1115 (defun math-expand-power (x n &optional var else-nil) | |
1116 (or (and (natnump n) | |
1117 (memq (car-safe x) '(+ -)) | |
1118 (let ((terms nil) | |
1119 (cterms nil)) | |
1120 (while (memq (car-safe x) '(+ -)) | |
1121 (setq terms (cons (if (eq (car x) '-) | |
1122 (math-neg (nth 2 x)) | |
1123 (nth 2 x)) | |
1124 terms) | |
1125 x (nth 1 x))) | |
1126 (setq terms (cons x terms)) | |
1127 (if var | |
1128 (let ((p terms)) | |
1129 (while p | |
1130 (or (math-expr-contains (car p) var) | |
1131 (setq terms (delq (car p) terms) | |
1132 cterms (cons (car p) cterms))) | |
1133 (setq p (cdr p))) | |
1134 (if cterms | |
1135 (setq terms (cons (apply 'calcFunc-add cterms) | |
1136 terms))))) | |
1137 (if (= (length terms) 2) | |
1138 (let ((i 0) | |
1139 (accum 0)) | |
1140 (while (<= i n) | |
1141 (setq accum (list '+ accum | |
1142 (list '* (calcFunc-choose n i) | |
1143 (list '* | |
1144 (list '^ (nth 1 terms) i) | |
1145 (list '^ (car terms) | |
1146 (- n i))))) | |
1147 i (1+ i))) | |
1148 accum) | |
1149 (if (= n 2) | |
1150 (let ((accum 0) | |
1151 (p1 terms) | |
1152 p2) | |
1153 (while p1 | |
1154 (setq accum (list '+ accum | |
1155 (list '^ (car p1) 2)) | |
1156 p2 p1) | |
1157 (while (setq p2 (cdr p2)) | |
1158 (setq accum (list '+ accum | |
1159 (list '* 2 (list '* | |
1160 (car p1) | |
1161 (car p2)))))) | |
1162 (setq p1 (cdr p1))) | |
1163 accum) | |
1164 (if (= n 3) | |
1165 (let ((accum 0) | |
1166 (p1 terms) | |
1167 p2 p3) | |
1168 (while p1 | |
1169 (setq accum (list '+ accum (list '^ (car p1) 3)) | |
1170 p2 p1) | |
1171 (while (setq p2 (cdr p2)) | |
1172 (setq accum (list '+ | |
1173 (list '+ | |
1174 accum | |
1175 (list '* 3 | |
1176 (list | |
1177 '* | |
1178 (list '^ (car p1) 2) | |
1179 (car p2)))) | |
1180 (list '* 3 | |
1181 (list | |
1182 '* (car p1) | |
1183 (list '^ (car p2) 2)))) | |
1184 p3 p2) | |
1185 (while (setq p3 (cdr p3)) | |
1186 (setq accum (list '+ accum | |
1187 (list '* 6 | |
1188 (list '* | |
1189 (car p1) | |
1190 (list | |
1191 '* (car p2) | |
1192 (car p3)))))))) | |
1193 (setq p1 (cdr p1))) | |
1194 accum)))))) | |
1195 (and (not else-nil) | |
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1196 (list '^ x n)))) |
40785 | 1197 |
1198 (defun calcFunc-expandpow (x n) | |
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1199 (math-normalize (math-expand-power x n))) |
40785 | 1200 |
58667
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1201 (provide 'calc-poly) |
88f98983accf
Add a provide statement.
Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com>
parents:
58507
diff
changeset
|
1202 |
93975
1e3a407766b9
Fix up comment convention on the arch-tag lines.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
87649
diff
changeset
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1203 ;; arch-tag: d2566c51-2ccc-45f1-8c50-f3462c2953ff |
41047
73f364fd8aaa
Style cleanup; don't put closing parens on their
Colin Walters <walters@gnu.org>
parents:
40785
diff
changeset
|
1204 ;;; calc-poly.el ends here |