annotate etc/FAQ @ 19860:c17fd465ea95 libc-970911 libc-970912 libc-970913 libc-970914 libc-970915 libc-970916 libc-970917 libc-970918 libc-970919 libc-970920 libc-970921 libc-970922 libc-970923 libc-970924 libc-970925 libc-970926 libc-970927 libc-970928 libc-970929 libc-970930 libc-971001 libc-971018 libc-971019 libc-971020 libc-971021 libc-971022 libc-971023 libc-971024 libc-971025 libc-971026 libc-971027 libc-971028 libc-971029 libc-971030 libc-971031 libc-971101 libc-971102 libc-971103 libc-971104 libc-971105 libc-971106 libc-971107 libc-971108 libc-971109 libc-971110 libc-971111 libc-971112 libc-971113 libc-971114 libc-971115 libc-971116 libc-971117 libc-971118 libc-971120 libc-971121 libc-971122 libc-971123 libc-971124 libc-971125 libc-971126 libc-971127 libc-971128 libc-971129 libc-971130 libc-971201 libc-971203 libc-971204 libc-971205 libc-971206 libc-971207 libc-971208 libc-971209 libc-971210 libc-971211 libc-971212 libc-971213 libc-971214 libc-971217 libc-971218 libc-971219 libc-971220 libc-971221 libc-971222 libc-971223 libc-971224 libc-971225 libc-971226 libc-971227 libc-971228 libc-971229 libc-971230 libc-971231 libc-980103 libc-980104 libc-980105 libc-980106 libc-980107 libc-980108 libc-980109 libc-980110 libc-980111 libc-980112 libc-980114 libc-980115 libc-980116 libc-980117 libc-980118 libc-980119 libc-980120 libc-980121 libc-980122 libc-980123 libc-980124 libc-980125 libc-980126 libc-980127 libc-980128

typos.
author Jeff Law <law@redhat.com>
date Wed, 10 Sep 1997 21:16:20 +0000
parents d6dbe558099c
children 0d84817a4973
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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1 GNU Emacs FAQ: Introduction
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2
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3 This is the introduction to a list of frequently asked questions (FAQ)
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4 about GNU Emacs with answers.
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5
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6 The FAQ is posted to reduce the noise level in the `gnu.emacs.help'
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7 newsgroup (which is also the `help-gnu-emacs' mailing list) which results
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8 from the repetition of frequently asked questions, wrong answers to these
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9 questions, corrections to the wrong answers, corrections to the
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10 corrections, debate, name calling, etc. Also, it serves as a repository of
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11 the canonical "best" answers to these questions. However, if you know a
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12 better answer or even a slight change that improves an answer, please tell
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13 us!
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14
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15 If you know the answer to a question in the FAQ list, please reply to the
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16 question by e-mail instead of posting. Help reduce noise!
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17
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18 The FAQ is crossposted to `comp.emacs' because some sites do not receive
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19 the `gnu.*' newsgroups. The FAQ is also crossposted to `news.answers'.
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20
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21 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22.
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22
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23 It has been so long since the FAQ was last edited and released that the
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24 maintainers decided to take a two-step approach. This edition corrects
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25 many basic inaccuracies in the old FAQ, most of them having to do with ftp
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26 sites and version numbers. In addition, we have deleted a number of
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27 questions that are no longer relevant with the release of GNU Emacs 19.
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28
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29 Many questions specific to recent releases of GNU Emacs 19 remain
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30 unanswered in this version of the FAQ; the maintainers will spend time over
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31 the next month or two adding new questions (and answers), based in no small
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32 part on the questions that have come across help-gnu-emacs in recent
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33 months.
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34
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35 There is no diff file for this version of the FAQ, as many things have
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36 changed since it was last updated.
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37
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38 Please suggest new questions, answers, wording changes, deletions, etc.
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39 The most helpful form for suggestions is a context diff (i.e., the output
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40 of `diff -c'). Include `FAQ' in the subject of messages sent to us about
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41 the FAQ list.
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42
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43 Please do not send questions to us just because you do not want to disturb
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44 a lot of people and you think we would know the answer. We do not have
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45 time to answer questions individually. :-(
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46
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47 --
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48 Reuven M. Lerner <reuven@the-tech.mit.edu> and the FAQ team (a full list is
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49 at the bottom of the FAQ).
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50
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51 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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52
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53 Notation Used in FAQ
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54
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55 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.?
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56 2: What does "M-x command" mean?
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57 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
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58 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el?
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59 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
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60
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61 General Questions
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62
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63 6: What is the LPF?
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64 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
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65 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug,
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66 comp.emacs, etc.?
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67 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups?
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68 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with GNU Emacs?
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69 11: How do I unsubscribe to this mailing list?
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70 12: What is the current address of the FSF?
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71
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72 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help
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73
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74 13: I'm just starting GNU Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
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75 14: How do I find out how to do something in GNU Emacs?
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76 15: How do I get a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual?
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77 16: Where can I get documentation on GNU Emacs Lisp?
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78 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
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79 18: How do I print a Texinfo file?
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80 19: Can I view Info files without using GNU Emacs?
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81 20: What informational files are available for GNU Emacs?
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82 21: Where can I get help in installing GNU Emacs?
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83 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)?
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84
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85 Status of Emacs
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86
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87 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from?
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88 24: What is the latest version of GNU Emacs?
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89 25: What is different about GNU Emacs 19?
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90
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91 Common Things People Want To Do
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92
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93 26: How do I set up a .emacs file properly?
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94 27: How do I debug a .emacs file?
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95 28: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
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96 29: How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode XXX?
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97 30: How do I turn on auto-fill mode by default?
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98 31: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
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99 32: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control)
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100 characters?
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101 33: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
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102 34: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
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103 35: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
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104 36: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
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105 37: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents?
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106 38: How do I change load-path?
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107 39: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
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108 40: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
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109 41: How do I indent switch statements like this?
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110 42: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
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111 43: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
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112 44: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
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113 45: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows?
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114 46: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the
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115 indentation of the previous line?
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116 47: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
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117 48: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef
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118 commands are handled by the compiler?
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119 49: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi?
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120 50: What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
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121 51: How do I execute a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
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122 52: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length?
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123 53: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line?
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124 54: How do I insert `_^H' before each character in a paragraph to get an
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125 underlined paragraph?
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126 55: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
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127 56: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor
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128 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
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129 57: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
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130 58: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
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131 59: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
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132 60: Where is the documentation for `etags'?
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133
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134 Bugs/Problems
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135
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136 61: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
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137 62: How do I get rid of the ^M junk in my shell buffer?
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138 63: Why do I get `Process shell exited abnormally with code 1'?
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139 64: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type `emacs'?
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140 65: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying `I-search:' and beeping?
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141 66: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
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142 67: Why does Emacs say `Error in init file'?
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143 68: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
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144 69: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
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145 70: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name?
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146 71: Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
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147 72: Are there any security risks in GNU Emacs?
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148
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149 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs
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150
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151 73: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
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152 74: How do I stop Emacs from failing when the executable is stripped?
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153 75: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
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154
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155 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages
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156
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157 76: Where can I get GNU Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
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158 77: How do I find a GNU Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
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159 78: Where can I get GNU Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
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160 79: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
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161 80: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
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162 81: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Epoch?
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163 82: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid
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164 Emacs")?
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165 83: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
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166 84: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running Microsoft Windows?
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167 85: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
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168 86: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
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169 87: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
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170 88: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
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171 89: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
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172 90: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, Csh, C++,
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173 Objective C, Pascal, and Awk?
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174 91: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
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175
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176 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs
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177
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178 92: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs
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179 93: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs
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180 94: Gnus -- news reader within Emacs
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181 95: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
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182 96: Ange-FTP -- transparent FTP access for Emacs's file access routines
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183 97: VIP -- vi emulation for Emacs
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184 98: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
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185 99: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs
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186 100: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
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187 101: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
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188 102: XEmacs -- alternative Emacs 19 with better X interface; formerly
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189 known as Lucid Emacs or lemacs.
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190 103: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
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191
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192 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems
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193
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194 104: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
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195 105: Why does Emacs say `Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters'?
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196 106: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my
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197 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
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198 107: How do I use function keys under X Windows?
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199 108: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys
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200 emit?
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201 109: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs?
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202 110: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control?
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203 111: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered
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204 out?
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205 112: Why does the `Backspace' key invoke help?
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206 113: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete?
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207 114: How do I "swap" two keys?
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208 115: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
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209 116: What if I don't have a Meta key?
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210 117: What if I don't have an Escape key?
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211 118: Can I make my `Compose Character' key behave like a Meta key?
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212 119: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
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213 120: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window?
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214 121: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0?
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215 122: Where can I get key bindings to make Emacs emulate WordStar?
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216 123: Where can I get an XEDIT emulator for Emacs?
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217
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218 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets
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219
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220 124: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
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221 125: How do I input 8-bit characters?
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222 126: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle kanji characters?
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223 127: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle Chinese?
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224 128: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
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225
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226 Mail and News
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227
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228 129: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
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229 130: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
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230 131: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
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231 132: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
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232 133: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
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233 134: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail?
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234 135: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
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235 136: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
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236 137: How do I read news under Emacs?
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237 138: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
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238 139: How do I view text with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)?
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239 140: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
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240 141: Why does Gnus put the subjects in replies beyond the 80th column?
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241 142: How do I make Gnus start up faster?
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242 143: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
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243 144: Why can't I kill in Gnus on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control line?
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244 145: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
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245 146: Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
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246 147: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
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247 148: Why don't my news postings in Gnus get past the local machine?
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248 149: Why doesn't Gnus generate the `Lines:' header?
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249 150: How do I kill all articles in Gnus but those matching a pattern?
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250
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251 ------------------------------------------------------------
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252
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253 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x
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254 $" to get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look
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255 at the text of the answers, just type "C-x $".
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256
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257 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a
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258 C-r if that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
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259
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260 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22, or use
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261 anonymous FTP to the-tech.mit.edu.
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262
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263 Notation Used in FAQ
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264
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265 Skip this section and then come back if you don't understand some of the
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266 later answers.
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267
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268 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.?
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269
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270 C-x means press the `x' key while holding down the Control key. M-x
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271 means press the `x' key while holding down the Meta key. M-C-x means
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272 press the `x' key while holding down both the Control key and the Meta
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273 key. C-M-a is a synonym for M-C-a. RET, LFD, DEL, ESC, and TAB
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274 respectively refer to pressing the Return, Linefeed (aka Newline),
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275 Delete, Escape, and Tab keys and are equivalent to C-m, C-j, C-?, C-[,
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276 and C-i. SPC means press the Space bar.
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277
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278 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are
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279 inside double quotes or on lines by themselves. Any real spaces in such
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280 a key sequence should be ignored; only SPC really means press the space
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281 key.
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282
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283 The ASCII code sent by C-x (except for C-?) is the value that would be
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284 sent by pressing just `x' minus 96 (or 64 for uppercase `X') and will be
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285 from 0 to 31. The ASCII code sent by M-x is the sum of 128 and the ASCII
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286 code that would be sent by pressing just the `x' key. Essentially, the
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287 Control key turns off bits 5 and 6 and the Meta key turns on bit 7.
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288
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289 For further information, see `Characters' and `Keys' in the on-line
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290 manual.
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291
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292 NOTE: C-? (aka DEL) is ASCII code 127. It is a misnomer to call C-? a
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293 "control" key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON. Also, on very
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294 few keyboards does Control-? generate ASCII code 127.
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295
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296 2: What does "M-x command" mean?
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297
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298 "M-x command" means type M-x, then type the name of the command, then
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299 type RET.
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300
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301 M-x (by default) invokes the command `execute-extended-command'. This
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302 command allows you to run any Emacs command if you can remember the
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303 command's name. If you can't remember the command's name, you can type
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304 TAB and SPC for completion, "?" for a list of possibilities, and M-p and
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305 M-n to see previous commands entered. An Emacs "command" is any
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306 "interactive" Emacs function.
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307
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308 NOTE: Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to
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309 invoke execute-extended-command. A function key labeled `Do' is a good
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310 candidate for this.
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311
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312 To run non-interactive Emacs functions, see question 51.
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313
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314 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
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315
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316 When we refer you to topic XXX in the on-line manual, you can read this
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317 manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by typing this:
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318
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319 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET
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320
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321 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't
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322 already know how to use Info, type "?" from within Info.
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323
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324 If we refer to topic XXX:YYY, type this:
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325
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326 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET m YYY RET
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327
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328 WARNING: Your system administrator may not have installed the Info files,
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329 or may have installed them improperly. In this case you should complain.
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330
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331 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el?
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332
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333 These are files that come with GNU Emacs. The GNU Emacs distribution is
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334 divided into subdirectories; the important ones are `etc', `lisp', and
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335 `src'.
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336
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337 If you use GNU Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system,
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338 start Emacs, then type "C-h v data-directory RET". The directory name
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339 displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed `etc'
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340 directory.
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341
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342 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see
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343 question 20. All are available in the source distribution.
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344
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345 WARNING: Your system administrator may have removed the src directory and
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346 many files from the etc directory.
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347
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348 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
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349
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350 FSF == Free Software Foundation
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351 LPF == League for Programming Freedom
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352 OSF == Open Software Foundation
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353 GNU == GNU's Not Unix
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354 RMS == Richard Matthew Stallman
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355 FTP == File Transfer Protocol
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356 GPL == GNU General Public Licence
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357
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358 NOTE: Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes
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359 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make high
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360 quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a consortium of
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361 computer vendors which develops commercial software for Unix systems.
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362
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363 NOTE: The word "free" in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers
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364 to "freedom," not "zero dollars." Anyone can charge any price for
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365 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the
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366 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always
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367 get the software for less money from someone else, because everyone has
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368 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
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369
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370
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371 General Questions
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372
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373 6: What is the LPF?
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374
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375 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and
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376 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact
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377 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact Joe Wells
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378 <jbw@cs.bu.edu>; he will be happy to talk with you about the LPF.
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379
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380 You can find more information about the LPF in the file etc/LPF. More
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381 papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and also
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382 from the LPF:
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383
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384 Anonymous FTP:
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385 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/lpf/
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386 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/lpf/
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387 Anonymous UUCP:
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388 osu-cis!~/lpf/*
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389
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390 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
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391
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392 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public Licence (copyleft) will
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393 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope. There
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394 has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to set any
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395 precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to the
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396 newsgroup gnu.misc.discuss, which was created to hold the extensive flame
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397 wars on the subject.
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398
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399 RMS writes:
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400
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401 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the
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402 spirit, which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work
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403 pertaining to Emacs should also be free software. "Free" means that
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404 all users have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs.
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405 To make sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you
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406 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the
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407 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed.
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408
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409 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug,
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410 comp.emacs, etc.?
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411
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412 The file etc/MAILINGLISTS discusses the purpose of each GNU mailing-list.
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413 (See question 20 on how to get a copy.) For those which are gatewayed
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414 with newsgroups, it lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list
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415 address.
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416
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417 comp.emacs is for discussion of Emacs programs in general. This includes
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418 GNU Emacs along with various other implementations like JOVE, MicroEmacs,
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419 Freemacs, MG, Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon..
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420
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421 Many people post GNU Emacs questions to comp.emacs because they don't
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422 receive any of the gnu.* newsgroups. Arguments have been made both for
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423 and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to comp.emacs. You have
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424 to decide for yourself.
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425
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426 Messages advocating "non-free" software are considered unacceptable on
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427 any of the gnu.* newsgroups except for gnu.misc.discuss, which was
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428 created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject. "non-free"
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429 software includes any software for which the end user can't freely modify
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430 the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to remove the
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431 gnu.* groups from the `Newsgroups:' line when posting a followup that
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432 recommends such software.
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433
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434 gnu.emacs.bug is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid posting bug
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435 reports to this newsgroup (see question 10).
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436
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437 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups?
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438
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439 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
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440 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The
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441 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve individual
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442 postings from, but pretty much everything is there. The archive is
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443 available via anonymous ftp at
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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444
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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445 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/MailingListArchives/
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446
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447 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with GNU Emacs?
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448
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449 The correct way to report GNU Emacs bugs is by e-mail to
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450 bug-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. Anything sent here also appears in the
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451 newsgroup gnu.emacs.bug, but please use e-mail instead of news to submit
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452 the bug report. This way a reliable return address is available so you
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453 can be contacted for further details.
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454
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455 RMS explains:
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456
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457 Sending bug reports to help-gnu-emacs (which has the effect of posting
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458 on gnu.emacs.help) is undesirable because it takes the time of an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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459 unnecessarily large group of people, most of whom are just users and
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460 have no idea how to fix these problem. bug-gnu-emacs reaches a much
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diff changeset
461 smaller group of people who are more likely to know what to do and have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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462 expressed a wish to receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
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463
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464 However, RMS says there are circumstances when it is okay to post to
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465 gnu.emacs.help:
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466
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467 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix,
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468 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
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469 gnu.emacs.help asking if anyone can help you.
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470
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471 If you are unsure whether you have a bug, RMS describes how to tell:
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472
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473 ... if Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors
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474 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
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475 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
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476 does, that is a bug.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
477
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478 11: How do I unsubscribe to this mailing list?
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479
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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diff changeset
480 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named `XXX', you might be able to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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481 unsubscribe to it by sending a request to the address
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482 `XXX-request@prep.ai.mit.edu'. However, this will not work if you are
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
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483 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
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484 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which
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diff changeset
485 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the `Received:' headers on
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
486 the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the `EXPN' or
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diff changeset
487 `VRFY' sendmail commands through `telnet <site-address> smtp'. Ask your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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488 postmaster for help.
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489
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490 12: What is the current address of the FSF?
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diff changeset
491
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492 E-mail address: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 14996
diff changeset
493 Phone number: (617) 542-5942
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494 Postal address:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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495 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 14996
diff changeset
496 59 Temple Place - Suite 330
510a8a97914e Update FSF address and phone number.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 14996
diff changeset
497 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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498
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
499 For details on how to order, see the file etc/ORDERS.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
500
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
501
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
502 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
503
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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504 13: I'm just starting GNU Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
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505
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
506 Type "C-h t" to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Typing just C-h is how
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
507 to enter the help system.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
508
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
509 WARNING: Your system administrator may have changed C-h to act like DEL
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
510 to deal with local keyboards. You can use M-x help-for-help instead to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
511 invoke help. To discover what key (if any) invokes help on your system,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
512 type "M-x where-is RET help-for-help RET". This will print a
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
513 comma-separated list of key sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
514 character in each key sequence listed. Each of the resulting key
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
515 sequences invokes help.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
516
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
517 NOTE: Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
518 should be stored in the variable help-char. Andrew Arensburger
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
519 <arensb@kong.gsfc.nasa.gov> wrote a patch that allows the help facility
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
520 to work properly when invoked by multiple character sequences.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
521
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522 14: How do I find out how to do something in GNU Emacs?
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523
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
524 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
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diff changeset
525
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
526 * The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info
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parents: 597
diff changeset
527 hypertext reader. Type "C-h i" to invoke Info.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
528
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529 * You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. See question 15.
11822
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
530
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
531 * You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
532 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5), or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
533 you can print your own from the etc/refcard.tex or etc/refcard.ps files
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
534 in the Emacs distribution.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
535
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parents: 597
diff changeset
536 * You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
537 (actually which match a regular expression) using "C-h a" (M-x
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
538 command-apropos).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
539
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diff changeset
540 * You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
541 certain word using M-x apropos.
11822
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diff changeset
542
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
543 * There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
544 information. To get a list of these commands, type "C-h C-h C-h".
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
545
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parents: 597
diff changeset
546 15: How do I get a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual?
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
547
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
548 You can order a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual from the FSF. For
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
549 details see the file etc/ORDERS.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
550
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parents: 597
diff changeset
551 The full TeX source for the manual also comes in the `man' directory of
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
552 the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to print out this
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
553 420 page manual yourself (see question 18).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
554
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
555 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have TeX,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
556 you can get a PostScript version via anonymous FTP:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
557
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
558 /ftp.cs.ubc.ca:pub/archive/gnu/manuals_ps/emacs-19.21.ps.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
559
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
560 This site requests that you please CONFINE ANY MAJOR FTPING TO LATE
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
561 EVENINGS OR EARLY MORNINGS OUR TIME (Pacific time zone, GMT-8). A DVI
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diff changeset
562 version is also available via FTP:
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diff changeset
563
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
564 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/emacs-manual-6.0.dvi.gz
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
565
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
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566 and all prep mirrors (See question 80 for a list).
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
567
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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diff changeset
568 A WWW version of the Emacs manual is available on the World-Wide Web at
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
569 URL
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570
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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diff changeset
571 http://asis01.cern.ch/infohtml/emacs/emacs.html
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parents: 8958
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572
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diff changeset
573 See also question 14 for how to view the manual on-line.
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574
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575 16: Where can I get documentation on GNU Emacs Lisp?
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576
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577 Within Emacs, you can type "C-h f" to get the documentation for a
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578 function, "C-h v" for a variable.
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579
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580 For more information, obtain the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
581 Details on ordering it from FSF are in file etc/ORDERS.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
582
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
583 For on-line use, a set of pregenerated Info files is available with the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
584 Texinfo source for the Emacs Lisp manual via anonymous FTP at
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
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585
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
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586 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/elisp-manual-19-2.3.tar.gz
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
587
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
588 and all prep mirrors (See question 80 for a list).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
589
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
590 You can also create the Info files from the Texinfo source. See question
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diff changeset
591 17 for details on how to install these files on-line.
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592
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
593 A WWW version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
594
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
595 http://www.cs.indiana.edu/usr/local/www/elisp/lispref/elisp_toc.html
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596
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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diff changeset
597 An introduction to Emacs Lisp is available at
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
598
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
599 http://www.cs.indiana.edu/usr/local/www/elisp/elisp-intro.html
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diff changeset
600
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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diff changeset
601 Of course, you can also print this 760-page manual yourself. For
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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diff changeset
602 instructions on how to do this, see question 18.
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parents: 8958
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603
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604 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
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605
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diff changeset
606 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this
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607 within Emacs, using "M-x texinfo-format-buffer", or with the standalone
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608 `makeinfo' program, available as part of the latest Texinfo package via
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
609 anonymous ftp from:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
610
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
611 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/texinfo-3.1.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
612
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
613 and all prep mirrors (See question 80 for a list).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
614
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615 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
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diff changeset
616 comes with Emacs. This manual also comes installed in Info format, so
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
617 you can read it on-line.
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618
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
619 Neither texinfo-format-buffer nor makeinfo installs the resulting Info
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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diff changeset
620 files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
621
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diff changeset
622 1. Move the files to the `info' directory in the installed Emacs
11822
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623 distribution. See question 4 if you don't know where that is.
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624
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625 2. Edit the file info/dir in the installed Emacs distribution, and add a
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626 line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
11822
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diff changeset
627 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is:
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628
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629 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic.
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diff changeset
630
597
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631 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
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diff changeset
632 privileges, you have several options:
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diff changeset
633
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634 * Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You
597
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635 can feed a file name to the Info-goto-node command (invoked by pressing
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636 "g" in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in parentheses. This
1736
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parents: 597
diff changeset
637 goes to the node named `Top' in that file. For example, to view a Info
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
638 file named `XXX' in your home directory, you can type this:
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diff changeset
639
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640 C-h i g (~/XXX) RET
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diff changeset
641
1736
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parents: 597
diff changeset
642 * You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where the
11822
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
643 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
644 Info-default-directory-list. For example, to use a private Info
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
645 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named `Info',
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
646 you could put this in your .emacs file:
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diff changeset
647
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
648 (setq Info-default-directory-list
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
649 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list))
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
650
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
651 You will need a top-level Info file named `dir' in this directory which
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
652 has everything the system dir file has in it, except it should list
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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diff changeset
653 only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need it
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
654 if all files in this directory were referenced by other `dir' files.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
655 The node lists from all dir files in Info-default-directory-list are
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
656 merged by the Info system.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
657
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diff changeset
658 18: How do I print a Texinfo file?
11822
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
659
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diff changeset
660 NOTE: You can't get nice printed output from Info files; you must still
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
661 have the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
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diff changeset
662
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663 1. Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
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664
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665 \input texinfo
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diff changeset
666
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diff changeset
667 You may need to alter `texinfo' to the full pathname of the
597
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668 texinfo.tex file, which comes with Emacs as man/texinfo.tex (or copy
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diff changeset
669 or link it into the current directory).
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diff changeset
670
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671 2. tex XXX.texinfo
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diff changeset
672
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673 3. texindex XXX.??
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diff changeset
674
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diff changeset
675 The `texindex' program comes with Emacs as man/texindex.c.
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diff changeset
676
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677 4. tex XXX.texinfo
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
678
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diff changeset
679 5. Print the DVI file XXX.dvi in the normal way for printing DVI files at
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
680 your site.
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diff changeset
681
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682 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
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parents: 597
diff changeset
683 mentioned in question 17.
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diff changeset
684
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diff changeset
685 19: Can I view Info files without using GNU Emacs?
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
686
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diff changeset
687 Yes, the `info', `xinfo', `tkinfo', and `ivinfo' programs do this. Info
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
688 uses curses, xinfo uses standard X11 libraries, tkinfo uses Tk/Tcl and
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diff changeset
689 ivinfo uses InterViews. You can get Info as part of the latest Texinfo
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
690 package (see question 17). xinfo is available separately:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
691
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
692 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
693
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
694 and all prep mirrors (See question 80 for a list).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
695
1736
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diff changeset
696 ivinfo is available in a comp.sources.misc archive or from Tom Horsley
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diff changeset
697 <tom@ssd.csd.harris.com>. tkinfo is available by anonymous ftp from:
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
698
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
699 /ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu:pub/misc/tkinfo-0.6.tar.Z
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diff changeset
700 /ftp.aud.alcatel.com:tcl/code/tkinfo-0.6.tar.gz
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
701
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
702 For ivinfo, you need Stanford's InterViews C++ X library, available via
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
703 anonymous ftp from interviews.stanford.edu. (A FAQ on InterViews is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
704 available at that site in pub/FAQ.)
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
705
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diff changeset
706 20: What informational files are available for GNU Emacs?
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diff changeset
707
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708 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of
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709 informational files about GNU Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU
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710 project are available for you to read.
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diff changeset
711
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diff changeset
712 The following files are available in the `etc' directory of the GNU Emacs
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
713 distribution, and also the latest versions are available individually via
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
714 anonymous FTP (prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/GNUinfo/):
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
715
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
716 APPLE -- Why the FSF doesn't support GNU Emacs on Apple computers
134
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
717 DISTRIB -- GNU Emacs Availability Information,
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
718 including the popular "Free Software Foundation Order Form"
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
719 FTP -- How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
720 GNU -- The GNU Manifesto
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
721 INTERVIEW -- Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain
11822
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
722 UNIX-compatible software system with BYTE editors
134
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
723 MACHINES -- Status of GNU Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
724 MAILINGLISTS -- GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
725 SERVICE -- GNU Service Directory
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
726 SUN-SUPPORT -- including "Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs"
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
727
1736
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parents: 597
diff changeset
728 These files are available in the `etc' directory of the GNU Emacs
134
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
729 distribution:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
730
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
731 COPYING -- GNU Emacs General Public License
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
732 NEWS -- GNU Emacs news, a history of user-visible changes
597
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parents: 134
diff changeset
733 LPF -- Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 134
diff changeset
734 FAQ -- GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions (You're reading it)
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
735
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
736 These files are available via anonymous FTP (prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/):
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
737
597
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parents: 134
diff changeset
738 tasks -- GNU Task List
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 134
diff changeset
739 standards.text -- GNU Coding Standards
11822
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
740
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
741 In addition, all of the above files are available directly from the FSF
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
742 via e-mail. Of course, please try to get them from a local source first
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
743 (See question 80 for a list).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
744
597
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parents: 134
diff changeset
745 These additional files are available from the FSF via e-mail:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
746
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
747 * GNU's Bulletin, January 1994
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
748 GNU's Who
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
749 GNU's Bulletin
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
750 What Is the Free Software Foundation?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
751 What Is Copyleft?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
752 Donations Translate Into Free Software
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
753 Cygnus Matches Donations!
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
754 GNUs Flashes
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
755 What Is the LPF?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
756 News from the LPF
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
757 Free Software Support
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
758 Project GNU Wish List
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
759 Towards a New Strategy of OS Design
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
760 Part 1: A More Usable Approach to OS Design
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
761 Part 2: A Look at Some of the Hurd's Beasts
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
762 Second Annual GNU Seminar in Japan
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
763 GNU and other Free Software in Japan
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
764 Freely Available Texts
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
765 OCEAN Integrated-Circuit Design System
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
766 Hundred Acre Consulting Expands
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
767 Project GNU Status Report
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
768 GNU Documentation
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
769 GNU Software Available Now
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
770 Source Code CD-ROM
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
771 Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
772 Tape & CD-ROM Subscription Service
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
773 How to Get GNU Software
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
774 The Deluxe Distribution
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
775 MS-DOS Distribution
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
776 Free Software for Microcomputers
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
777 FSF T-shirt
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
778 Thank GNUs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
779 Free Software Foundation Order Form
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 134
diff changeset
780 * Legal issues about contributing code to GNU
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 134
diff changeset
781 * GNU Project Status Report
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
782
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
783 A collection of past GNU's Bulletins is available via anonymous FTP from:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
784
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
785 /ftp.funet.fi:pub/gnu/Bulletins/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
786
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
787 The latest bulletin is available on the World-Wide Web at URL:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
788
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
789 http://info.desy.de/gnu/www/gnu_bulletin_9401/gnu_bulletin_9401_toc.html
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
790
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
791 21: Where can I get help in installing GNU Emacs?
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
792
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
793 Look in etc/SERVICE for names of companies and individuals who will sell
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
794 you this type of service. An up-to-date version of the SERVICE file is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
795 available on prep.ai.mit.edu (also see question 20).
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
796
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
797 You might also try the help-gnu-emacs mailing list, which is also known
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
798 as the gnu.emacs.help newsgroup, although many installation questions can
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
799 easily be answered by looking at the PROBLEMS file (in the top-level
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
800 directory when you unpack the Emacs source).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
801
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
802 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)?
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
803
597
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diff changeset
804 The GNU Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
11822
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
805
1736
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parents: 597
diff changeset
806 * Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
807 news spool, in both the gnu.emacs.help and comp.emacs newsgroups.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
808 Every news reader should allow you to read any news article that is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
809 still in the news spool, even if you have read the article before. You
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
810 may need to read the instructions for your news reader to discover how
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
811 to do this. In `rn', this command will do this for you at the article
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
812 selection level:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
813
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
814 ?GNU Emacs FAQ?rc:m
11822
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
815
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
816 In Gnus, you should type "C-u c-x c-s" from the *Summary* buffer or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
817 "C-u SPC" from the *Newsgroup* buffer to view all articles in a
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
818 newsgroup.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
819
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
820 If the FAQ articles have expired and been deleted from your news spool,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
821 it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
822 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire before for
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
823 a while.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
824
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
825 * Via anonymous FTP. You can fetch the FAQ articles via anonymous FTP
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
826 from the-tech.mit.edu, in ~ftp/pub/GNU-Emacs/.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
827
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
828 * In the GNU Emacs distribution. Since GNU Emacs 18.56, the latest
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
829 available version of the FAQ at the time of release has been part of
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
830 the GNU Emacs distribution as file etc/FAQ.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
831
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
832 * Via the World-Wide Web. Point your favorite Web browser (Mosaic, Lynx,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
833 w3-mode) to one of the following URLs:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
834
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
835 http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/top.html
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
836 http://scwww.ucs.indiana.edu/FAQ/Emacs/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
837
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
838 * If all goes well, this FAQ should also be available via anonymous ftp
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
839 and e-mail from rtfm.mit.edu, the main repository for FAQs and other
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
840 items posted to news.answers. However, we are omitting explicit
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
841 directions on how to retrieve the FAQ from rtfm.mit.edu, since it's
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
842 possible that it won't end up there right away. (We're new at this
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
843 FAQ-posting business.) Instructions on how to retrieve the FAQ from
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
844 rtfm.mit.edu should be in the next version of the FAQ.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
845
1736
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parents: 597
diff changeset
846 * As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
847 gnu-emacs-faq-maintainers@bigbird.bu.edu. Don't do this unless you
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
848 have made a serious effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
849 methods listed above.
597
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parents: 134
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850
1736
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diff changeset
851 Status of Emacs
597
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diff changeset
852
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diff changeset
853 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from?
11822
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
854
1736
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diff changeset
855 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he "picked
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
856 the name `Emacs' because `E' was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
11822
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parents: 8958
diff changeset
857 the time." The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT by
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
858 RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector (originally Tape
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
859 Editor and COrrector)) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
860 TECO with a "real-time" full screen mode with active keys. Emacs was
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
861 started by Guy Steele <gls@think.com> as a project to unify the many
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
862 divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
863
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
864 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise. See
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
865 alt.lang.teco if you are interested. Someone has written a TECO
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
866 implementation in Emacs Lisp; it would be an interesting project to run
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
867 the original TECO Emacs inside of GNU Emacs.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
868
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
869 24: What is the latest version of GNU Emacs?
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
870
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
871 GNU Emacs 19.27 is the current version as of 6 September, 1994.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
872
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
873 25: What is different about GNU Emacs 19?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
874
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
875 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type C-h n (M-x
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
876 view-emacs-news). The oldest changes are at the bottom of the file, so
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
877 you might want to read it starting there, rather than at the top.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
878
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
879 The most obvious changes have to do with the user interface -- GNU Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
880 19 is fully X-aware, and provides pull-down menus and scroll bars. Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
881 19 also supports fonts and colors, including context-specific
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
882 highlighting of source code and other types of buffers.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
883
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
884 Other changes include a line number mode, which displays the current line
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
885 number in the mode line, and default bindings for arrow and paging keys
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
886 that work.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
887
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
888 Lower-level changes include a smarter memory allocation scheme (Emacs now
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
889 returns memory to the operating system when you kill buffers), a better
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
890 byte-compiler, and a source-level Emacs Lisp debugger.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
891
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
892 There are also a number of new Lisp packages, ranging from dunnet (an
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
893 Adventure-like program) to mldrag (allows you to drag the mode line up
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
894 and down with the mouse buttons) to gud (Grand Unified Debugger mode, for
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
895 many flavors of debuggers). A number of popular Lisp packages, such as
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
896 SuperCite and the calendar/diary, are also included.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
897
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
898 Common Things People Want To Do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
899
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
900 26: How do I set up a .emacs file properly?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
901
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
902 See `Init File' in the on-line manual.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
903
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
904 WARNING: In general, new Emacs users should not have .emacs files,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
905 because it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
906 questions to help-gnu-emacs asking why Emacs isn't behaving as
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
907 documented. :-)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
908
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
909 27: How do I debug a .emacs file?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
910
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
911 First start Emacs with the `-debug-init' command-line option. This
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
912 option enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your .emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
913 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
914 line in the trace-back buffer will be the error message, and the second
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
915 or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your .emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
916 that caused the problem.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
917
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
918 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function in
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
919 your .emacs file by moving the cursor to the end of the function or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
920 argument and typing "C-x C-e" (M-x eval-last-sexp).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
921
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
922 Use "C-h v" (M-x describe-variable) to check the value of variables which
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
923 you are trying to set or use.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
924
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
925 28: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
926
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
927 To find out what line of the buffer you are on right now, do "M-x
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
928 what-line". Use "M-x goto-line" to go to a specific line. To find the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
929 current column number, type "M-ESC (current-column)".
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
930
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
931 If you use these commands often, you might want to bind them to a key.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
932 See question 104 for instructions on how to do that.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
933
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
934 Typing "C-x l" (or M-x count-lines-page) will also tell you what line you
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
935 are on, provided the buffer isn't separated into "pages" with C-l
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
936 characters. In that case, it will only tell you what line of the current
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
937 "page" you are on.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
938
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
939 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
940 in the mode line, do "M-x line-number-mode". You can also put the form
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
941
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
942 (setq line-number-mode t)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
943
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
944 in your .emacs file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs. Note that
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
945 Emacs will not display the line number if the buffer is larger than the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
946 value of the variable line-number-display-limit.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
947
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
948 None of the vi emulation modes provide the `set number' capability of vi
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
949 (as far as we know).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
950
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
951 29: How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode XXX?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
952
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
953 Put this in your .emacs file:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
954
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
955 (condition-case ()
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
956 (quietly-read-abbrev-file)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
957 (file-error nil))
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
958
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
959 (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
960 (function
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
961 (lambda ()
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
962 (setq abbrev-mode t))))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
963
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
964 30: How do I turn on auto-fill mode by default?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
965
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
966 To turn on auto-fill mode just once for one buffer, use "M-x
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
967 auto-fill-mode". To turn it on for every buffer in, for example, Text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
968 mode, do this:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
969
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
970 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
971
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
972 If you want auto-fill mode on in all major modes, do this:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
973
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
974 (setq-default auto-fill-hook 'do-auto-fill)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
975
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
976 31: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
977
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
978 If you want to use XXX mode for all files which end with the extension
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
979 `.YYY', this will do it for you:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
980
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
981 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.YYY\\'" . XXX-mode) auto-mode-alist))
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
982
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
983 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
984 edit in XXX mode:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
985
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
986 -*-XXX-*-
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
987
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
988 Emacs 19 also includes a new variable, interpreter-mode-alist, that
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
989 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
990 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
991 the file.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't indicate
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
992 which mode to use. Use "C-h v" (or M-x describe-variable) to learn more
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
993 about this variable.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
994
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
995 32: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
996 characters?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
997
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
998 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
999 example, `\237', you can type "C-s C-q 2 3 7". (This assumes the value
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1000 of search-quote-char is 17 (i.e., C-q).) Searching for ALL unprintable
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1001 characters is best done with a "regexp" search. The easiest regexp to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1002 use for the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1003 printable chars.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1004
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1005 Regexp for the printable chars: [\t\n\r\f -~]
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1006
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1007 Regexp for the unprintable chars: [^\t\n\r\f -~]
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1008
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1009 To type some of these special characters in an interactive argument to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1010 isearch-forward-regexp or re-search-forward, you need to use C-q. (`\t',
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1011 `\n', `\r', and `\f' stand respectively for TAB, LFD, RET, and C-l.) So,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1012 to search for unprintable characters using re-search-forward:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1013
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1014 M-x re-search-forward RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1015
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1016 Using isearch-forward-regexp:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1017
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1018 M-C-s [^ TAB RET C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~]
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1019
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1020 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1021
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1022 M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET RET
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1023
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1024 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable characters
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1025 with a colon, use:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1026
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1027 M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET : RET
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1028
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1029 NOTE: * You don't need to quote TAB with either isearch or typing
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1030 something in the minibuffer.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1031
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1032 33: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1033
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1034 If you are using a windowing system such as X, you can cause the region
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1035 to be highlighted when the mark is active by including
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1036
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1037 (transient-mark-mode t)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1038
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1039 in your .emacs. There are also the following packages for content- based
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1040 highlighting:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1041
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1042 hilit19.el
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1043 font-lock.el
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1044
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1045 34: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1046
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1047 For searching, the value of the variable case-fold-search determines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1048 whether they are case sensitive:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1049
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1050 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1051 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1052
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1053 Similarly, for replacing the variable case-replace determines whether
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1054 replacements preserve case.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1055
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1056 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1057 mode's hook. For example:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1058
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1059 (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1060 (function
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1061 (lambda ()
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1062 (setq case-fold-search nil))))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1063
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1064 35: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1065
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1066 Use auto-fill mode, activated by typing "M-x auto-fill-mode". The
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1067 default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable fill-column.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1068 To learn how to turn this on automatically, see question 30.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1069
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1070 36: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1071
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1072 Use Ispell. See question 101.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1073
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1074 37: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1075
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1076 Use Ispell. See question 101. Ispell can handle TeX and *roff
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1077 documents.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1078
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1079 38: How do I change load-path?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1080
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1081 In general, you should only *add* to the load-path. You can add
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1082 directory /XXX/YYY to the load path like this:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1083
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1084 (setq load-path (cons "/XXX/YYY/" load-path))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1085
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1086 To do this relative to your home directory:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1087
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1088 (setq load-path (cons "~/YYY/" load-path)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1089
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1090 39: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1091
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1092 The `emacsclient' program is for editing a file using an already running
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1093 Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does this by sending a
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1094 request to the already running Emacs, which must be expecting the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1095 request.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1096
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1097 * Setup
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1098
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1099 Emacs must have executed the `server-start' function for emacsclient to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1100 work. This can be done either by a command line option:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1101
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1102 emacs -f server-start
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1103
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1104 or by invoking server-start from the .emacs file:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1105
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1106 (if (some conditions are met) (server-start))
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1107
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1108 When this is done, Emacs starts a subprocess running a program called
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1109 `server'. `server' creates a Unix domain socket in the user's home
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1110 directory named `.emacs_server'.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1111
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1112 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke emacsclient, try
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1113 setting the environment variable EDITOR (or sometimes VISUAL) to the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1114 value `emacsclient'. You may have to specify the full pathname of the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1115 emacsclient program instead. Examples:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1116
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1117 # csh commands:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1118 setenv EDITOR emacsclient
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1119 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient # using full pathname
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1120
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1121 # sh command:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1122 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1123
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1124 * Normal use
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1125
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1126 When emacsclient is run, it connects to the `.emacs_server' socket and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1127 passes its command line options to `server'. When `server' receives
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1128 these requests, it sends this information on the the Emacs process,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1129 which at the next opportunity will visit the files specified. (Line
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1130 numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.) The user will have to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1131 switch to the Emacs window by hand. When the user is done editing a
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1132 file, the user can type "C-x #" (or M-x server-edit) to indicate this.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1133 If there is another buffer requested by emacsclient, Emacs will switch
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1134 to it; otherwise emacsclient will exit, signaling the calling program
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1135 to continue.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1136
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1137 NOTE: `emacsclient' and `server' must be running on machines which
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1138 share the same filesystem for this to work. The pathnames that
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1139 emacsclient specifies should be correct for the filesystem that the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1140 Emacs process sees. The Emacs process should not be suspended at the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1141 time emacsclient is invoked. emacsclient should either be invoked from
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1142 another X window or from a shell window inside Emacs itself.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1143
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1144 There is an enhanced version of emacsclient/server called `gnuserv' by
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1145 Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> which is available in the Emacs Lisp
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1146 Archive. gnuserv uses Internet domain sockets, so it can work across
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1147 most network connections. It also supports the execution of arbitrary
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1148 Emacs Lisp forms and also does not require the client program to wait
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1149 for completion. It is available via anonymous FTP (Emacs Lisp Archive:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1150 packages/gnuserv.shar).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1151
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1152 40: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1153
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1154 The variable compilation-error-regexp-alist helps control how Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1155 parses your compiler output. It is a list of triples of the form:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1156
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1157 (REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1158
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1159 where REGEXP, FILE-IDX and LINE-IDX are strings. To help determine what
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1160 the constituent elements should be, load compile.el and then use
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1161
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1162 C-h v compilation-error-regexp-alist RET
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1163
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1164 to see the current value. A good idea is to look at compile.el itself as
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1165 the comments included for this variable are quite useful -- the regular
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1166 expressions required for your compiler's output may be very close to one
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1167 already provided. Once you have determined the proper regexps, use the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1168 following to inform Emacs of your changes:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1169
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1170 (setq compilation-error-regexp-alist
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1171 (cons '(REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1172 compilation-error-regexp-alist))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1173
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1174 41: How do I indent switch statements like this?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1175
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1176 Many people want to indent their switch statements like this:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1177
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1178 f()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1179 {
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1180 switch(x) {
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1181 case A:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1182 x1;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1183 break;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1184 case B:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1185 x2;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1186 break;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1187 default:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1188 x3;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1189 }
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1190 }
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1191
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1192 The solution at first appears to be: set c-indent-level to 4 and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1193 c-label-offset to -2. However, this will give you an indentation spacing
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1194 of four instead of two.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1195
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1196 The solution is to use cc-mode (available from the Emacs Lisp Archive)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1197 and add the following line:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1198
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1199 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1200
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1201 There appears to be no way to do this with the old c-mode.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1202
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1203 42: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1204
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1205 Use hscroll.el by Wayne Mesard <wmesard@esd.sgi.com>.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1206
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1207 43: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1208
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1209 M-x overwrite-mode (a minor mode).
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1210
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1211 On some workstations, the "Insert" key toggles insert and overwrite
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1212 modes.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1213
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1214 44: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1215
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1216 Martin R. Frank <martin@cc.gatech.edu> writes:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1217
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1218 Tell Emacs to use the `visible bell' instead of the audible bell, and
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1219 set the visible bell to nothing.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1220
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1221 Put this in your TERMCAP environment variable:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1222
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1223 ... :vb=: ...
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1224
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1225 And evaluate this:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1226
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1227 (setq visible-bell t)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1228
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1229 45: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1230
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1231 You can adjust the bell volume and duration for all programs with the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1232 shell command xset.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1233
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1234 Invoking xset without any arguments produces some basic information,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1235 including the following:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1236
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1237 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ...
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1238 To turn bell off:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1239 -b b off b 0
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1240 To set bell volume, pitch and duration:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1241 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1242
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1243 46: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1244 indentation of the previous line?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1245
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1246 One solution is Indented Text Mode (M-x indented-text-mode).
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1247
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1248 If you have auto-fill mode on (a minor mode, see question 30), you can
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1249 tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain character sequence, the
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1250 "fill prefix." Type the prefix at the beginning of a line, position
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1251 point after it, and then type "C-x ." (set-fill-prefix) to set the fill
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1252 prefix. Thereafter, auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1253 at the beginning of new lines, and M-q (fill-paragraph) will maintain any
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1254 fill prefix when refilling the paragraph.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1255
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1256 NOTE: If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1257 will have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1258 to a new paragraph. To avoid this hassle, try one of the many packages
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1259 available from the Emacs Lisp Archive. Look up `fill' and `indent' in
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1260 the Lisp Code Directory for guidance.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1261
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1262 47: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1263
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1264 GNU Emacs 19 comes with paren.el, which (when loaded) will automatically
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1265 highlight matching parentheses whenever point (i.e., the cursor) is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1266 located over one. To load paren automatically, include the line
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1267
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1268 (require 'paren)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1269
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1270 in your .emacs file.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1271
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1272 Alternatives to paren include:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1273
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1274 * If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1275 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will blink the cursor on the matching
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1276 parenthesis.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1277
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1278 * M-C-f (forward-sexp) and M-C-b (backward-sexp) will skip over one set
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1279 of balanced parentheses, so you can see which parentheses match. (You
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1280 can train it to skip over balanced brackets and braces at the same time
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1281 by modifying the syntax table.)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1282
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1283 * Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the % key show the matching
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1284 parenthesis, like in vi. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1285 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1286
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1287 ;; By an unknown contributor
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1288
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1289 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1290
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1291 (defun match-paren (arg)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1292 "Go to the matching parenthesis if on parenthesis otherwise insert %."
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1293 (interactive "p")
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1294 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1295 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1296 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1297
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1298 48: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1299 commands are handled by the compiler?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1300
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1301 M-x hide-ifdef-mode. (This is a minor mode.)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1302
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1303 49: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1304
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1305 (`.' is the redo command in vi. It redoes the last insertion/deletion.)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1306
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1307 No, not really.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1308
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1309 You can type "C-x ESC ESC" (repeat-complex-command) to reinvoke commands
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1310 that used the minibuffer to get arguments. In repeat-complex-command you
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1311 can type M-p and M-n to scan through all the different complex commands
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1312 you've typed.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1313
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1314 To repeat something on each line, use keyboard macros. (See `Keyboard
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1315 Macros' in the on-line manual.)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1316
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1317 50: What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1318
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1319 See Emacs man page, or "Resources X" in the on-line manual.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1320
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1321 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1322 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1323 was compiled with the X toolkit.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1324
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1325 51: How do I execute a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1326
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1327 There are a number of ways to execute (called "evaluate") an Emacs Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1328 "form":
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1329
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1330 * If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1331 named `.emacs' in your home directory.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1332
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1333 * You can type the form in the *scratch* buffer, and then type LFD (or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1334 C-j) after it. The result of evaluating the form will be inserted in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1335 the buffer.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1336
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1337 * In Emacs-Lisp mode, typing M-C-x evaluates a top-level form before or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1338 around point.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1339
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1340 * Typing "C-x C-e" in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1341 before point and prints its value in the echo area.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1342
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1343 * Typing M-ESC or M-x eval-expression allows you to type a Lisp form in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1344 the minibuffer which will be evaluated.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1345
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1346 * You can use M-x load-file to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp forms in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1347 a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function `load' instead.)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1348
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1349 These functions are also used for evaluating Lisp forms:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1350
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1351 load-library, eval-region, eval-current-buffer, require, autoload
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1352
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1353 52: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1354
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1355 Set the variable default-tab-width. For example, to set tab stops every
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1356 10 characters, insert the following in your .emacs file:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1357
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1358 (setq default-tab-width 10)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1359
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1360 53: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1361
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1362 Type "M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET > RET".
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1363
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1364 To do this only in the region, type "C-x n n M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1365 > RET C-x w".
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1366
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1367 WARNING: The command narrow-to-region (C-x n n) is disabled by default
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1368 because it can be very confusing (i.e., "Oh no! Where did my file go?").
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1369
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1370 54: How do I insert `_^H' before each character in a paragraph to get an
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1371 underlined paragraph?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1372
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1373 M-x underline-region.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1374
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1375 55: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1376
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1377 Use "C-x (" and "C-x )" to make a keyboard macro that invokes the command
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1378 and then type "M-0 C-x e".
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1379
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1380 WARNING: any messages your command prints in the echo area will be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1381 suppressed.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1382
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1383 56: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1384 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1385
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1386 M-x picture-mode. (This is a minor mode, in theory anyway ...)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1387
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1388 57: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1389
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1390 "C-z" iconifies Emacs when running in X and suspends Emacs otherwise.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1391 See `Misc X' in the on-line manual.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1392
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1393 58: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1394
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1395 See `Regexps' in the on-line manual.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1396
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1397 WARNING: The "or" operator is `\|', not `|', and the grouping operators
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1398 are `\(' and `\)'. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is "\\".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1399 Thus, the string syntax for a regular expression like xxx\(foo\|bar\) is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1400 "xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)". Notice the duplicated backslashes!
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1401
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1402 WARNING: Unlike in Unix grep, sed, etc., a complement character set
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1403 ([^...]) can match a newline character (LFD aka C-j aka \n), unless
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1404 newline is mentioned as one of the characters not to match.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1405
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1406 WARNING: The character syntax regexps (e.g., `\sw') are not meaningful
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1407 inside character set regexps (e.g., `[aeiou]'). (This is actually
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1408 typical for regexp syntax.)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1409
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1410 59: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1411
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1412 The "tags" feature of Emacs includes the command tags-query-replace which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1413 performs a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the TAGS file.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1414 See `Tags:Tags Search' in the on-line manual.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1415
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1416 In addition, Martin Boyer has written a package named global-replace
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1417 which will perform a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1418 *compilation* buffer (usually done after a `grep'), which is available
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1419 via anonymous FTP:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1420
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1421 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/compile.el.z
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1422 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/global-replace.el.z
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1423 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/query.el.z
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1424
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1425 NOTE: These files are compressed using GNU zip ("gzip"); you can get a
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1426 copy from gzip from prep and its mirrors (see question 80).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1427
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1428 60: Where is the documentation for `etags'?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1429
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1430 The `etags' man page should be in the same place as the `emacs' man page.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1431
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1432 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1433 `etags -H'.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1434
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1435
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1436 Bugs/Problems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1437
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1438 61: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
12307
03b002b0fe23 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 11822
diff changeset
1439 [This problem has been solved better in Emacs 19.29 because the buffer
03b002b0fe23 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 11822
diff changeset
1440 size limit is now 16 times as large.]
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1441
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1442 Most installed versions of GNU Emacs will use 24-bit signed integers (and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1443 24-bit pointers) internally. This limits the file size that Emacs can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1444 handle to 8,388,607 bytes (2^23 - 1).
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1445
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1446 Leonard N. Zubkoff <lnz@lucid.com> suggests putting the following two
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1447 lines in src/config.h before compiling Emacs to allow for 26-bit integers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1448 and pointers (and thus filesizes of up to 33,554,431 bytes):
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1449
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1450 #define VALBITS 26
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1451 #define GCTYPEBITS 5
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1452
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1453 WARNING: This method may result in `ILLEGAL DATATYPE' and other random
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1454 errors on some machines.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1455
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1456 David Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> gives an explanation of why
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1457 Emacs uses 24 bit integers and pointers:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1458
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1459 Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1460 language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1461 variable, or return it from a function, and so on. So each value must
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1462 carry a "tag" along with it identifying what kind of thing it is, e.g.,
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1463 integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and so on.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1464 Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the top 8
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1465 bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value. So integers
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1466 (and pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C integers and
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1467 pointers.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1468
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1469 Emacs uses 8-bit tags because that's a little faster on byte-oriented
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1470 machines, but there are only really enough tags to require 6 bits.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1471
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1472 62: How do I get rid of the ^M junk in my shell buffer?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1473
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1474 Try typing "M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m RET" while in shell-mode to make them
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1475 go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1476
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1477 For tcsh, put this in your `.cshrc' (or `.tcshrc') file:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1478
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1479 if ($?EMACS) then
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1480 if ("$EMACS" == t) then
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1481 if ($?tcsh) unset edit
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1482 stty nl
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1483 endif
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1484 endif
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1485
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1486 Or put this in your .emacs_tcsh file:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1487
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1488 unset edit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1489 stty nl
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1490
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1491 Alternatively, use csh in your shell buffers instead of tcsh. One way
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1492 is:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1493
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1494 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1495
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1496 and another is to do this in your .cshrc (or .tcshrc) file:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1497
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1498 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1499
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1500 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1501 set for this to take effect.)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1502
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1503 63: Why do I get `Process shell exited abnormally with code 1'?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1504
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1505 The most likely reason for this message is that the `env' program is not
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1506 properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture, and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1507 install it with a+x permission in the architecture-dependent Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1508 program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your site by
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1509 inspecting the value of the variable exec-directory by typing "C-h v
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1510 exec-directory RET".)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1511
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1512 You should also check for other programs named `env' in your path (e.g.,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1513 SunOS has a program named /usr/bin/env). We don't understand why this
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1514 can cause a failure and don't know a general solution for working around
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1515 the problem in this case.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1516
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1517 The `make clean' command will remove `env' and other vital programs, so
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1518 be careful when using it.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1519
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1520 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1521 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1522 xterm was later terminated.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1523
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1524 See also PROBLEMS (in the top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1525 source) for other possible causes of this message.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1526
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1527 64: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type `emacs'?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1528
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1529 The termcap entry for terminal type `emacs' is ordinarily put in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1530 TERMCAP environment variable of subshells. It may help in certain
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1531 situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an entry for
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1532 `emacs' to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a correct termcap entry
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1533 for `emacs':
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1534
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1535 emacs:tc=unknown:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1536
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1537 To make a terminfo entry for `emacs', use `tic' or `captoinfo'. You need
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1538 to generate /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs. It may work to simply copy
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1539 /usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb to /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1540
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1541 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1542 programs in shell buffers. Use M-x terminal-emulator for that instead.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1543
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1544 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1545 change terminal type `emacs' to type `dumb' or `unknown' in your shell
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1546 start up file. `csh' users could put this in their .cshrc files:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1547
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1548 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1549
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1550 65: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying `I-search:' and beeping?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1551
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1552 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1553 sending C-s and C-q for flow control, and Emacs is receiving these
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1554 characters and interpreting them as commands. (The C-s character
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1555 normally invokes the isearch-forward command.) For possible solutions,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1556 see question 110.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1557
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1558 66: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1559
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1560 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1561 gethostbyname than the rest of the programs on the machine. This is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1562 often manifested as a message on startup of `X server not responding.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1563 Check your DISPLAY environment variable.' or a message of `Unknown host'
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1564 from open-network-stream.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1565
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1566 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1567 library. The version of gethostbyname in the static C library may only
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1568 look in /etc/hosts and the NIS (YP) maps, while the version in the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1569 dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in addition to or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1570 instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V R3.6, the version
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1571 of gethostbyname in the standard library works, but the one that works
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1572 with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet). Other operating systems
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1573 have similar problems.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1574
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1575 Try these options:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1576
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1577 * Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to /etc/hosts.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1578
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1579 * Relink Emacs with this line in src/config.h:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1580
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1581 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1582
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1583 * Replace gethostbyname and friends in libc.a with more useful versions
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1584 such as the ones in libresolv.a. Then relink Emacs.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1585
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1586 * If you are actually running NIS, make sure that `ypbind' is properly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1587 told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1588
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1589 * Use tcp.el and tcp.c from Gnus. This has the additional advantage that
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1590 you can use numeric IP addresses instead of names. open-network-stream
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1591 currently can't handle numeric addresses. Brian Thomson
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1592 <thomson@hub.toronto.edu> has a enhancement to open-network-stream to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1593 allow it to handle numeric addresses.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1594
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1595 67: Why does Emacs say `Error in init file'?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1596
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1597 An error occurred while loading either your .emacs file or the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1598 system-wide lisp/default.el file. For information on how to debug your
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1599 .emacs file, see question 27.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1600
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1601 It may be the case that you may need to load some package first, or use a
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1602 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1603 of this is explained in question 106.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1604
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1605 68: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1606
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1607 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1608 by the XFILESEARCHPATH, XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, and XAPPLRESDIR environment
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1609 variables, emulating the functionality provided by programs written using
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1610 Xt.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1611
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1612 XFILESEARCHPATH and XUSERFILESEARCHPATH should be a list of file names
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1613 separated by colons; XAPPLRESDIR should be a list of directory names
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1614 separated by colons.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1615
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1616 Emacs searches for X resources
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1617
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1618 + specified on the command line, with the `-xrm RESOURCESTRING'
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1619 option,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1620 + then in the value of the XENVIRONMENT environment variable,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1621 - or if that is unset, in the file named ~/.Xdefaults-HOSTNAME if it
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1622 exists
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1623 (where HOSTNAME is the hostname of the machine Emacs is running on),
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1624 + then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1625 provided by the server,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1626 - or if those properties are unset, in the file named ~/.Xdefaults
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1627 if it exists,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1628 + then in the files listed in XUSERFILESEARCHPATH,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1629 - or in files named LANG/Emacs in directories listed in XAPPLRESDIR
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1630 (where LANG is the value of the LANG environment variable), if
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1631 the LANG environment variable is set,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1632 - or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in XAPPLRESDIR
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1633 - or in ~/LANG/Emacs (if the LANG environment variable is set),
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1634 - or in ~/Emacs,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1635 + then in the files listed in XFILESEARCHPATH.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1636
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1637 69: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1638
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1639 The usual cause is that the master lock file, `!!!SuperLock!!!' has been
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1640 left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1641
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1642 Mark Meuer <meuer@geom.umn.edu> says that NeXT NFS has a bug where an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1643 exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This can cause the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1644 same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work over NFS anyway,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1645 the best solution is to recompile Emacs with CLASH_DETECTION undefined.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1646
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1647 70: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1648
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1649 When entering a filename in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1650 a `$' followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1651 behavior, type "$$" instead.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1652
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1653 71: Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1654
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1655 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1656 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1657 guess by recognizing `cd' commands. If you type `cd' followed by a
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1658 directory name with a variable reference (`cd $HOME/bin') or with a shell
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1659 metacharacter (`cd ../lib*'), Emacs will fail to correctly guess the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1660 shell's new current directory. A huge variety of fixes and enhancements
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1661 to shell mode for this problem have been written to handle this problem.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1662 Check the Lisp Code Directory (see question 77).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1663
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1664 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command "M-x
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1665 dirs".
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1666
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1667 72: Are there any security risks in GNU Emacs?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1668
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1669 * the `movemail' incident (No, this is not a risk.)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1670
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1671 In his book "The Cuckoo's Egg," Cliff Stoll describes this in chapter
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1672 4. The site at LBL had installed the `etc/movemail' program setuid
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1673 root. (As of version 19, movemail is in your architecture-specific
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1674 directory; type "C-h v directory RET" to see what it is.) Since
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1675 `movemail' had not been designed for this situation, a security hole
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1676 was created and users could get root privileges.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1677
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1678 `movemail' has since been changed so that even if it is installed
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1679 setuid root this security hole will not be a result.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1680
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1681 We have heard unverified reports that the Internet worm took advantage
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1682 of this configuration problem.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1683
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1684 * the file-local-variable feature (Yes, a risk, but easy to change.)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1685
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1686 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1687 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1688 near the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1689 have arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1690 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1691 feature.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1692
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1693 If you set the variable inhibit-local-variables to a non-nil value,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1694 Emacs will display the special local variable settings of a file that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1695 you visit and ask you if you really want them. This variable is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1696 mentioned in the manual.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1697
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1698 It is wise to do this in lisp/site-init.el before building Emacs:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1699
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1700 (setq inhibit-local-variables t)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1701
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1702 If Emacs has already been built, the expression can be put in
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1703 lisp/default.el instead, or an individual can put it in their own
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1704 .emacs file.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1705
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1706 The ability to exploit this feature by sending e-mail to an Rmail user
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1707 was fixed sometime after Emacs 18.52. However, any new package that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1708 uses find-file or find-file-noselect has to be careful about this.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1709
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1710 For more information, see `File Variables' in the on-line manual
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1711 (which, incidentally, does not describe how to disable the feature).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1712
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1713 * synthetic X events (Yes, a risk, use MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 or better.)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1714
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1715 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the SendEvent request as
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1716 though they were regular events. As a result, if you are using the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1717 trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
1718 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
1719 anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1720
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1721 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1722 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1723 authentication mechanism, such as MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. If using the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1724 `xauth' program has any effect, then you are probably using
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1725 MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. Your site may be using a superior authentication
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1726 method; ask your system administrator.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1727
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1728 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1729 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1730 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1731 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1732 DOES NOT ELIMINATE THE RISK.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1733
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1734
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1735 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1736
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1737 73: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1738
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1739 First look in the file PROBLEMS (in the top-level directory when you
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1740 unpack the Emacs source) to see if there is already a solution for your
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1741 problem. Next check the FAQ (you're reading it). If you don't find a
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1742 solution, then report your problem via e-mail to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1743 bug-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. Please do not post it to gnu.emacs.help
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1744 or e-mail it to help-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. For further guidelines,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1745 see question 8.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1746
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1747 74: How do I stop Emacs from failing when the executable is stripped?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1748
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1749 Don't do that.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1750
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1751 This problem has been reported on SGI Indigo machines running Irix 4.0.*
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1752 and RS/6000 machines. Scott Henry <scotth@hoshi.corp.SGi.COM> posted a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1753 patch that fixes the problem for Irix.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1754
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1755 75: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1756
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1757 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1758 libX11.a. This may be missing.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1759
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1760 Under OpenWindows, you may need to use `add_services' to add the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1761 `OpenWindows Programmers' optional software category from the CD-ROM.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1762
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1763 Under HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run `update' again to load the X11-PRG
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1764 `fileset'. This may be missing even if you specified `all filesets' the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1765 first time. If libcurses.a is missing, you may need to load the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1766 `Berkeley Development Option' {???}.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1767
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1768 If you are building the MIT X11 sources, you may need to modify your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1769 `site.cf' file to get static versions of the libraries. (Info from David
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1770 Zuhn <zoo@cygnus.com>.)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1771
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1772 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1773 CANNOT_DUMP and link with the shared libraries instead.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1774
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1775 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1776 liboldX.a.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1777
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1778
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1779 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1780
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1781 76: Where can I get GNU Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1782
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1783 Look in the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for information on nearby
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1784 archive sites and etc/ORDERS for mail orders. If you don't already have
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1785 GNU Emacs, see question 20 for how to get these files.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1786
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1787 The latest version is always available via anonymous FTP at MIT:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1788
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1789 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/emacs-19.27.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1790
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1791 See question 80 for information on where to get other GNU software.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1792
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1793 77: How do I find a GNU Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1794
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1795 A listing of Emacs Lisp packages, called the Lisp Code Directory, is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1796 being maintained by Dave Brennan <brennan@hal.com>. You can search
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1797 through this list to learn if someone has written something that fits
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1798 your needs.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1799
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1800 This list is file LCD-datafile.Z in the Emacs Lisp Archive (see the next
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1801 question for retrieval instructions). The files lispdir.el.Z and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1802 lispdir.doc in the archive contain Lisp code and information to help you
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1803 use the list. Once you have installed lispdir.el and LCD-datafile, then
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1804 you can use the `M-x lisp-dir-apropos' command to search the listing.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1805 For example, the command `M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET ange-ftp RET' produces
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1806 this output:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1807
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1808 GNU Emacs Lisp Code Directory Apropos -- "ange-ftp"
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1809 "~/" refers to archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1810
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1811 ange-ftp (4.18) 15-Jul-1992
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1812 Andy Norman, <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1813 ~/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1814 transparent FTP Support for GNU Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1815 auto-save (1.19) 01-May-1992
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1816 Sebastian Kremer, <sk@thp.uni-koeln.de>
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1817 ~/misc/auto-save.el.Z
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1818 Safer autosaving with support for ange-ftp and /tmp
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1819 ftp-quik (1.0) 28-Jul-1993
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1820 Terrence Brannon, <tb06@pl122f.eecs.lehigh.edu>
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1821 ~/modes/ftp-quik.el.Z
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1822 Quik access to dired'ing of ange-ftp and normal paths
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1823
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1824 78: Where can I get GNU Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1825
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1826 First, check the Lisp Code Directory to find the name of the package you
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1827 are looking for (see question 77). Next, check local archives and the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1828 Emacs Lisp Archive to find a copy of the relevant files. If you still
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1829 haven't found it, you can send e-mail to the author asking for a copy.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1830
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1831 You can access the Emacs Lisp Archive via anonymous FTP:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1832
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1833 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1834 /ftp.cs.umn.edu:pub/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1835 /calypso-2.oit.unc.edu:pub/gnu/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1836 /ftp.uu.net:packages/gnu/emacs-lisp/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1837 /gatekeeper.dec.com:pub/GNU/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1838 /nic.switch.ch:mirror/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1839 /ftp.diku.dk:pub/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1840 /quepasa.cs.tu-berlin.de:pub/gnu/elisp/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1841 /faui43.informatik.uni-erlangen.de:pub/gnu/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1842 /ftp.uni-mainz.de:pub/gnu/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1843 /nic.funet.fi:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1844 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/EmacsBits/elisp-archive/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1845
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1846 Retrieve and read the file README first.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1847
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1848 NOTE: * The archive maintainers do not have time to answer individual
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1849 requests for packages or the list of packages in the archive. If
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1850 you cannot use FTP or UUCP to access the archive yourself, try to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1851 find a friend who can, but please don't ask the maintainers.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1852
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1853 * Any files with names ending in `.Z', `.z', or `.gz' are
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1854 compressed, so you should use `binary' mode in FTP to retrieve
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1855 them. You should also use binary mode whenever you retrieve any
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1856 files with names ending in `.elc'.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1857
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1858 79: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1859
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1860 Guidelines and procedures for submission to the archive can be found in
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1861 the file GUIDELINES in the archive directory (see question 78). It
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1862 covers documentation, copyrights, packaging, submission, and the Lisp
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1863 Code Directory Record. Anonymous FTP uploads are not permitted.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1864 Instead, all submissions are mailed to elisp-archive@cis.ohio-state.edu.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1865 The lispdir.el package has a function named submit-lcd-entry which will
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1866 help you with this.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1867
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1868 80: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1869
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1870 The most up-to-date official GNU stuff is normally kept on
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1871 prep.ai.mit.edu and is available for anonymous FTP in the pub/gnu
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1872 directory. Read the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for more information
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1873 (see question 20 for retrieval instructions).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1874
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1875 The following sites are all mirror images of the GNU distribution area:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1876
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1877 /col.hp.com:mirrors/gnu/
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1878 /ftp.uu.net:packages/gnu/
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1879 /ftp.win.tue.nl:pub/gnu/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1880 /gatekeeper.dec.com:pub/GNU/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1881 /nic.funet.fi:pub/gnu/
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1882 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/ (available via FTP, NIFTP, FTAM)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1883 /utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:ftpsync/prep/
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1884 /wuarchive.wustl.edu:systems/gnu/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1885
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1886 The directory at ftp.uu.net is a mirror of prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu,
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1887 except that files larger than one megabyte are split into multiple parts.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1888 If you have trouble transferring large files, you should try here. A
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1889 file normally named `XXX' is split into files XXX-split/part[0-9][0-9],
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1890 and there will be a file named XXX-split/README which contains the list
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1891 of parts (especially helpful when FTP-ing by e-mail), their checksums,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1892 and reassembly instructions.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1893
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1894 81: What is the difference between Emacs and Epoch?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1895
12307
03b002b0fe23 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 11822
diff changeset
1896 Epoch was a modified version of GNU Emacs. It was merged
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1897 into XEmacs (formerly "Lucid Emacs"), and the Epoch redisplay, now
12307
03b002b0fe23 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 11822
diff changeset
1898 being totally rewritten, is slated to be merged into Emacs when the
03b002b0fe23 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 11822
diff changeset
1899 rewrite is done.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1900
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1901 82: What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1902 Emacs")?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1903
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1904 XEmacs is a modified version of GNU Emacs.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1905
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1906 A comparison between the two versions, written by the XEmacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1907 maintainers, had been included here. Richard Stallman removed it
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1908 from this copy of the FAQ because it was unfair. It was (1)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1909 one-sided, listing only advantages of XEmacs and not advantages of
12307
03b002b0fe23 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 11822
diff changeset
1910 the principal version of Emacs, (2) biased, stating the opinions
03b002b0fe23 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 11822
diff changeset
1911 of the XEmacs maintainers, and (3) out of date, listing as advantages of
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1912 XEmacs features which in fact both versions have.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1913
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1914 83: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1915
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1916 Recent releases of GNU Emacs 19 should compile right out of the box on
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1917 PCs with a 386 or better, running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. You will need the
14919
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1918 following to compile it:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1919
14996
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1920 Compiler: djgpp version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp v2.0 or later is
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1921 recommended, since v1.x is being phased out--if you'll have any
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1922 djgpp-related problem for which there is no known solution, you
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1923 are on your own when you use djgpp v1.x.
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1924
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1925 You can get the latest release of either v1.x or v2.0 by
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1926 grabbing everything in the following directory (using anonymous
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1927 ftp):
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1928
16506
d6dbe558099c Change some MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15743
diff changeset
1929 ftp.simtel.net:/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp
14919
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1930
14996
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1931 There are a few directories under djgpp whose names begin with
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1932 `v1' or `v2'; get the contents of `v2' and `v2gnu' (for djgpp
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1933 v2) or `v1' and `v1gnu' (for djgpp v1).
14919
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1934
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1935 GUnZip and Tar:
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1936
16506
d6dbe558099c Change some MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15743
diff changeset
1937 The easiest way is to use `djtar' which comes with DJGPP v2.x,
14996
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1938 because it can unzip .tar.gz archives on-the-fly (so you won't
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1939 need twice the required disk space while untarring the
16506
d6dbe558099c Change some MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15743
diff changeset
1940 archive). You get `djtar' with the `v2/djdev201.zip' file from
14996
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1941 the above FTP server.
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1942
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1943 Another (slower) version of Tar which unzips automatically is
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1944 available by anonymous ftp on this site:
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1945
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1946 ftp.kiae.su:msdos/arcers/tar320fp.zip
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1947
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1948 Or you can unZip the archive with the DJGPP port of GZip (from
16506
d6dbe558099c Change some MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15743
diff changeset
1949 the above directory at ftp.simtel.net look for v2/gzp124b.zip),
14996
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1950 then unTar it with any of the Tar ports floating around. A
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1951 DOS version of GNU tar is available via anonymous ftp from
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1952
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1953 ftp.unipg.it:/pub/msdos/aspi/gtar-exe.zip
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1954
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1955 Note that DOS ports of GNU Tar usually cannot unzip compressed
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1956 archives.
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1957
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1958 Another version of Tar for DOS can be found at
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1959
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1960 ftp.urc.tue.nl:pub/unixtools/dos
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1961
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1962 However, be warned that not all DOS versions of tar work
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1963 equally well, so you might have to try others if this one gives
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1964 you trouble.
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1965
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1966 Utilities: chmod, make, mv, sed, rm.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1967
14919
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1968 All of these utilities are available via anonymous ftp from
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1969 the site
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1970
16506
d6dbe558099c Change some MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15743
diff changeset
1971 ftp.simtel.net:/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu
d6dbe558099c Change some MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15743
diff changeset
1972
d6dbe558099c Change some MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15743
diff changeset
1973 You should grab the file fil313b.zip (contains chmod.exe,
14919
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1974 mv.exe, and rm.exe).
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1975
14996
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1976 A port of GNU Sed is available in the djgpp archives in the
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1977 above directory on ftp.coast.net. Look for a file named
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1978 v2/sed118b.zip or v1/sed118bn.zip.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1979
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1980 The file etc/MSDOS contains some information on the differences between
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1981 the Unix and MS-DOS versions of GNU Emacs.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1982
14996
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1983 MS-DOS systems are notorious in the problems they present when installing
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1984 programs, due to a great variability in both hardware and software. If
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1985 you have any unusual problems compiling or using Emacs, please consult
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1986 the latest version of the djgpp FAQ list, available as v2/faqNNNb.zip,
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1987 where `NNN' is the version number. For v1, get the file v1/faq102.zip.
3b2fd351be80 MSDOS changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 14919
diff changeset
1988
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1989 If you would prefer not to compile Emacs by yourself, you can get
14919
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1990 binaries for Emacs via anonymous ftp from many sites; use your Archie
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1991 client to search for them.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1992
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1993 You might also be interested in Demacs, which runs under MS-DOS (*not*
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1994 Microsoft Windows; see question 84) on 386- and 486-based PCs. Demacs is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1995 a port of Nemacs (see question 126), rather than a straight port of GNU
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1996 Emacs 18 or 19.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1997
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
1998 Demacs was developed using an MS-DOS version of gcc called djgpp by
14919
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
1999 DJ Delorie <dj@delorie.com> which can compile and run large programs
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
2000 under MS-DOS and under MS Windows. Demacs was derived from Nemacs
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2001 rather than straight from GNU Emacs. You can get the most recent version
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2002 of Demacs via anonymous ftp from ftp.sigmath.osaka-u.ac.jp in
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2003 pub/Msdos/Demacs/*.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2004
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2005 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2006 look-alikes), consult the list of "Emacs implementations and literature,"
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2007 available via anonymous ftp from rtfm.mit.edu in pub/usenet/comp.emacs.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2008
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2009 84: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running Microsoft Windows?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2010
14919
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
2011 * If you compile GNU Emacs with the tools listed above, it will run under
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
2012 Microsoft Windows in a DOS box.
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
2013
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
2014 There are currently two other ports of Emacs that runs under Microsoft
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
2015 Windows:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2016
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2017 * Oemacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2018
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2019 Current version of Oemacs4.1 is based on Emacs-19.19 and runs in either
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2020 MS-DOS or Microsoft Windows. There is rumor that the author Darryl
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2021 Okahata <darrylo@sr.hp.com> would not update unless there is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2022 demonstrated interest. It is nearly a full porting of GNU Emacs except
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2023 that shell-mode does not work due to the limitation of MS-DOS.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2024 Anonymous ftp information:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2025
14919
b584b8da62cd Update MSDOS info.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12307
diff changeset
2026 ftp.coast.net:SimTel/vendors/gnu/oemacs/
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2027
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2028 * The other uses a proprietary X Windows emulator and therefore
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2029 the FSF does not think it deserves publicity.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2030
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2031 85: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2032
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2033 Emacs 19.27 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2034
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2035 Anonymous FTP info:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2036
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2037 hobbes.nmsu.edu:os2/2_x/unix/emacs27
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2038
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2039 86: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2040
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2041 (does anyone know?)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2042
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2043 87: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2044
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2045 Amiga software is available through Aminet, a set of interconnected FTP
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2046 sites and other file accessing services for Amiga software. The primary
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2047 sites for Aminet are ftp.wustl.edu (128.252.135.4) and ftp.cdrom.com
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2048 (192.153.46.2). In the directory pub/aminet/util/gnu, there are
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2049
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2050 a1.26-emacs-bin.lha -- Amiga GNU Emacs V1.26, binaries
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2051 a1.26-emacs-src.lha -- Amiga GNU Emacs V1.26, sources
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2052
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2053 There are also quite a few Emacs related files/programs. Please search
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2054 the index of Aminet.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2055
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2056 We have no access to an Amiga, so please send in your experience and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2057 comments on the implementation.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2058
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2059 88: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2060
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2061 The FSF is a participant in a boycott of Apple because of Apple's "look
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2062 and feel" copyright suits. See the file etc/APPLE for more details.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2063 Because of this boycott, the FSF doesn't include support in GNU software
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2064 for Apple computers such as the Macintosh.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2065
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2066 Please don't help people port or develop software for Apple computers.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2067
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2068 89: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2069
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2070 Version 19.27 has a VMS directory containing installation instructions, a
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2071 makefile, and various .com files. But according to Richard Levitte
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2072 <levitte@e.kth.se>, it does not run out of the box. Even if it does, the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2073 VMSNOTES indicates that the Emacs on VMS is going to have much more
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2074 limited functionality. Richard Levitte has a patched 19.22 that
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2075 supposedly has subprocess and networking functionality just as on Unix,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2076 with virtually the same lisp interface. The source is available via
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2077 anonymous ftp at
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2078
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2079 ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se:GNU-VMS/Beta/EMACS-19_22-********.TAR-GZ
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2080
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2081 where ******** is the release date of the kit. You should also read
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2082 http://www.e.kth.se/elev/levitte/gnu/emacs.html for more information.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2083
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2084 90: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, Csh, C++,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2085 Objective C, Pascal, and Awk?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2086
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2087 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution. To
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2088 get additional modes, look in the Lisp Code Directory (see question 77).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2089 For C++, if you use lisp-dir-apropos, you must specify the pattern like
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2090 this:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2091
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2092 M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET c\+\+ RET
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2093
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2094 Note that Barry Warsaw's cc-mode now works for C, C++, and Objective-C
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2095 code. You can get the latest version (4.85, as of this writing) from the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2096 Emacs Lisp Archive.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2097
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2098 91: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2099
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2100 If you are at a site with a deficient nameserver, you may need to know
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2101 the IP address of a host to FTP files from it. You can get this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2102 information in two ways:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2103
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2104 * By telnet:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2105
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2106 telnet nic.ddn.mil hostnames (or `telnet 192.112.36.5 101')
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2107 @ whois
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2108 Whois: host XXX.YYY.ZZZ
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2109
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2110 * By e-mail:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2111
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2112 To: service@nic.ddn.mil
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2113 Subject: host XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2114 or: whois XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2115 or: help
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2116
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2117 or:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2118
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2119 To: resolve@cs.widener.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2120 body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2121
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2122 Information from Brendan Kehoe <brendan@cs.widener.edu>.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2123
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2124
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2125 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2126
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2127 This section lists version numbers, FTP sites, mailing lists, newsgroups,
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2128 and other information for many important packages, extensions, and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2129 related programs. There is some overlap with the Lisp Code Directory,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2130 but these entries give more detailed information.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2131
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2132 If you know of any other packages that are so substantial that they
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2133 deserve to be mentioned here, please let us know. Having its own mailing
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2134 list or newsgroup or more than half a megabyte of source code are good
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2135 signs.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2136
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2137 92: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2138
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2139 Author: Kyle Jones <kyle@uunet.uu.net>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2140 Latest version: 5.72 (beta)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2141 Anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2142 /ftp.uu.net:networking/mail/vm-5.72beta.tar.gz
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2143 Newsgroups and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2144 Info-VM:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2145 gnu.emacs.vm.info (newsgroup)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2146 info-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2147 info-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2148 Bug-VM:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2149 gnu.emacs.vm.bug (newsgroup)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2150 bug-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2151 bug-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2152
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2153 93: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2154
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2155 Author: Barry Warsaw <bwarsaw@cen.com>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2156 Latest version: 3.54 (comes with GNU Emacs 19)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2157 3.1 (available from the Emacs Lisp Archive)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2158 Anonymous FTP:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2159 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc3.1.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2160 Mailing list: supercite-request@anthem.nlm.nih.gov (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2161 supercite@anthem.nlm.nih.gov (for submissions)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2162 NOTE: Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2163
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2164 94: Gnus -- news reader within Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2165
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2166 Author: Masanobu Umeda <umerin@mse.kyutech.ac.jp>
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2167 Latest version: 4.1 (comes with GNU Emacs 19)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2168 Anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2169 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/EmacsBits/elisp-archive/packages/gnus-4.1.tar.Z
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2170 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/gnus-4.1.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2171 Newsgroups and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2172 English-only:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2173 gnu.emacs.gnus (newsgroup)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2174 info-gnus-english-request@cis.ohio-state.edu (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2175 info-gnus-english@cis.ohio-state.edu (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2176 Japanese (and some English):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2177 info-gnus-request@flab.fujitsu.co.jp (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2178 info-gnus@flab.fujitsu.co.jp (for submissions)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2179
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2180 95: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2181
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2182 Author: Dave Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2183 Latest version: 2.02c
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2184 Anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2185 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/calc-2.02c.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2186 NOTE: Unlike Wolfram Research, Dave has never threatened to sue
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2187 anyone for having a program with a similar command language to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2188 Calc. :-)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2189
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2190 96: Ange-FTP -- transparent FTP access for Emacs's file access routines
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2191
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2192 Author: Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2193 Latest version: 1.56 (comes with GNU Emacs 19)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2194 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2195 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2196 Mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2197 Ange-FTP Lovers:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2198 ange-ftp-lovers-request@anorman.hpl.hp.com (for subscriptions)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2199 ange-ftp-lovers@anorman.hpl.hp.com (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2200 /ftp.reed.edu:pub/mailing-lists/ange-ftp/ (archives)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2201 Ange-FTP Announcements:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2202 ange-ftp-lovers-announce@anorman.hpl.hp.com
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2203 NOTE: now supports VMS, CMS, and MTS ftp servers
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2204
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2205 97: VIP -- vi emulation for Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2206
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2207 Author: Aamod Sane <sane@cs.uiuc.edu>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2208 Latest version: 4.3
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2209 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2210 /cs.uiuc.edu:pub/vip4.3.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2211 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2212 NOTE: This version much more closely emulates vi than the one
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2213 distributed with Emacs.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2214
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2215 98: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2216
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2217 Author: Kresten Krab Thorup <krab@iesd.auc.dk>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2218 Latest version: 9.1i
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2219 Anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2220 /iesd.auc.dk:pub/emacs-lisp/auctex-9.1i.tar.gz
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2221 Mailing list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2222 auc-tex-request@iesd.auc.dk (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2223 auc-tex@iesd.auc.dk (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2224 auc-tex_mgr@iesd.auc.dk (auc-tex development team)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2225
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2226 99: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2227
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2228 Author: Bob Weiner <rsw@cs.brown.edu>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2229 Latest version: 3.15
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2230 Anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2231 /wilma.cs.brown.edu:pub/hyperbole/h3.15.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2232 Mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2233 hyperbole-announce -- Hyperbole release announcements only.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2234 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2235 To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2236 Subject: Add <mailbox@domain.name> to hyperbole-announce
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2237 hyperbole -- Hyperbole discussion.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2238 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2239 To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2240 Subject: Add <mailbox@domain.name> to hyperbole
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2241 Submissions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2242 hyperbole@cs.brown.edu
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2243 NOTE: Any member of the hyperbole mailing list is automatically a
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2244 member of the hyperbole-announce mailing list.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2245 NOTE: No .UUCP or ! addresses are allowed on these mailing lists.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2246
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2247 100: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2248
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2249 Author: Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2250 Latest released version: 1.50
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2251 Anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2252 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/bbdb-1.50.tar.Z
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2253 Mailing lists:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2254 info-bbdb-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2255 info-bbdb@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2256 bbdb-announce-request@cs.uiuc.edu (to be informed of new releases)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2257 NOTE: BBDB does not work with VM 4. It does work with VM 5,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2258 Rmail, Gnus, and MH-E.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2259
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2260 101: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2261
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2262 Author: Geoff Kuenning <geoff@itcorp.com>
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2263 Latest released version: 3.1.08
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2264 Anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2265 Master Sites:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2266 /ftp.cs.ucla.edu:pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.08.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2267 /ftp.math.orst.edu:pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.08.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2268 Known Mirror Sites: (only directory names shown)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2269 /ftp.th-darmstadt.de:pub/dicts/ispell/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2270 /ftp.nl.net:pub/textproc/ispell/
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2271
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2272 NOTE: * Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2273 He does not have free e-mail.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2274
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2275 * This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2276 Ispell 4.0 is no longer a supported product.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2277
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2278 102: XEmacs -- alternative Emacs 19 with better X interface; formerly
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2279 known as Lucid Emacs or lemacs.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2280
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2281 Primary Maintainer: Chuck Thompson <cthomp@cs.uiuc.edu>
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2282 Other Developers: Ben Wing <wing@netcom.com>
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2283 Richard Mlynarik <mly@adoc.xerox.com>
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2284 Jamie Zawinski <jwz@mcom.com>
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2285 Latest released version: 19.11
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2286 Anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2287 /ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:pub/xemacs/xemacs-19.11.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2288 Newsgroup and mailing lists:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2289 Bugs:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2290 alt.lucid-emacs.bug
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2291 bug-lucid-emacs-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2292 bug-lucid-emacs@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2293 Help:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2294 alt.lucid-emacs.help
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2295 help-lucid-emacs-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2296 help-lucid-emacs@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2297 NOTE: The XEmacs FAQ is available via the World-Wide Web at URL
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2298 http://xemacs.cs.uiuc.edu/.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2299
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2300 103: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2301
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2302 Author: Larry Wall <lwall@netlabs.com>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2303 Latest version: 2.1
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2304 Anonymous FTP:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2305 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/patch-2.1.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2306 /ftp.funet.fi:pub/gnu/patch-2.1.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2307 /ftp.uni-stuttgart.de:pub/unix/gnu/patch-2.1.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2308 NOTE: See question 80 for other GNU distribution sites.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2309
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2310
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2311 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2312
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2313 104: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2314
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2315 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or by predefinition
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2316 (e.g. in the .emacs file). To interactively bind keys for all modes,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2317 type `M-x global-set-key RET KEY CMD RET'; for the current major mode
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2318 only, type `M-x local-set-key RET KEY CMD RET' (see the Emacs on-line
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2319 documentation for further details).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2320
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2321 To bind keys on starting Emacs or on starting any given mode, you can use
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2322 the following "trick." First bind the key interactively, then
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2323 immediately afterwards type `C-x ESC ESC C-a C-k C-g'. Now, the command
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2324 needed to bind the key is in the kill ring and can be yanked into the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2325 .emacs file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the command are
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2326 required. For example,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2327
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2328 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2329
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2330 can be place directly into the .emacs file. If the key binding is local,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2331 the command is used in conjunction with the `add-hook' command. For
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2332 example, in tex-mode, a local binding might be
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2333
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2334 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2335 (function (lambda ()
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2336 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2337
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2338 NOTE: * Control characters in key sequence position of the form yanked
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2339 from the kill ring are given in their graphic form - i.e. CTRL is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2340 shown as `^', TAB as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2341 want to convert these into their vector or string forms.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2342
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2343 * If some prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2344 already bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2345 the new binding. For example, if `ESC {' is previously bound:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2346
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2347 (global-unset-key [?\e ?{]) ;; or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2348 (local-unset-key [?\e ?{])
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2349
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2350 * Aside from commands and "lambda lists," a vector or string also
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2351 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2352
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2353 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2354 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g")
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2355
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2356 See `Key Bindings' in the Emacs on-line documentation for further
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2357 details.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2358
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2359 105: Why does Emacs say `Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters'?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2360
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2361 Usually one of two things has happened. In one case, the control
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2362 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. `C-f' used
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2363 instead of `\C-f' within a Lisp expression). In the other case, a
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2364 "prefix key" in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind was
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2365 already bound as a "complete key." Historically, the `ESC [' prefix was
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2366 usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either of these
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2367 forms before attempting to bind the key sequence:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2368
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2369 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2370 (global-unset-key "\e[")
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2371
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2372 106: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2373 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2374
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2375 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2376 order. If some of the code executed in your .emacs file needs to be
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2377 postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has been
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2378 executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2379 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2380
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2381 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2382 window-system setup, treat the code as a "lambda list" and set the value
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2383 of either the `term-setup-hook' or `window-setup-hook' variable to this
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2384 "lambda function." For example,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2385
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2386 (setq term-setup-hook
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2387 (function
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2388 (lambda ()
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2389 (cond ((string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2390 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2391 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2392 ))))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2393
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2394 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2395 lisp/startup.el file.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2396
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2397 107: How do I use function keys under X Windows?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2398
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2399 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. See
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2400 question 104 for details.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2401
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2402 108: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2403 emit?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2404
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2405 Put the following in your .emacs file and type `M-x see-chars' to use:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2406
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2407 (defun see-chars ()
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2408 "Display events received, terminated by a 3-second timeout."
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2409 (interactive)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2410 (let (chars
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2411 (inhibit-quit t))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2412 (message "Enter characters or other events, terminated by a 3-second
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2413 timeout.")
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2414 (while (not (sit-for 3))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2415 (setq chars (nconc chars (list (read-event)))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2416 quit-flag nil) ; quit-flag might be set by C-g.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2417 (if (not (input-pending-p))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2418 (message "Events received until now: %s..."
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2419 (key-description chars))))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2420 (message "Events received: %s" (key-description chars))))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2421
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2422 Alternatively, type "C-h c" then the function or arrow keys. The command
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2423 will return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2424 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2425 keys as well.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2426
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2427 109: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2428
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2429 Sorry, you can't; there are no "translations" to be set. Emacs is not
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2430 written using the Xt library. The only way to affect the behavior of
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2431 keys within Emacs is through `xmodmap' (outside Emacs) or `define-key'
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2432 (inside Emacs). The `define-key' command should be used in conjunction
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2433 with the `function-key-map' map. For instance,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2434
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2435 (define-key function-key-map [M-tab] [?\M-\t])
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2436
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2437 defines the `META TAB' key sequence.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2438
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2439 110: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2440
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2441 C-s and C-q are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. This screws
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2442 up Emacs because it binds these characters to commands. Also, by default
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2443 Emacs will not honor them as flow control characters and may overwhelm
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2444 output buffers. Sometimes, intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2445 control will prevent Emacs from ever seeing C-s and C-q.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2446
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2447 Possible solutions:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2448
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2449 * Disable the use of C-s and C-q for flow control.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2450
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2451 You need to determine the cause of the flow control.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2452
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2453 * your terminal
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2454
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2455 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2456 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2457 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2458 example, on a VT220 you may select `No XOFF' in the setup menu. This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2459 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2460
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2461 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2462 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2463 logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2464
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2465 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2466 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2467 this problem by modifying the `termcap' entry for your terminal to
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2468 include extra NUL padding characters.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2469
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2470 * a modem
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2471
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2472 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2473 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2474
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2475 * a router or terminal server
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2476
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2477 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2478 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2479 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2480 network experts for help with this.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2481
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2482 * tty and/or pty devices
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2483
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2484 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple tty and/or pty
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2485 devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2486 necessary.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2487
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2488 Eirik Fuller <eirik@theory.tn.cornell.edu> writes:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2489
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2490 Some versions of `rlogin' (and possibly telnet) do not pass flow
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2491 control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2492 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2493 control on the local system. Sometimes `rlogin -8' will avoid this
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2494 problem.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2495
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2496 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2497 (the one running rlogin, not the one running rlogind) using the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2498 stty command, before starting the rlogin process. On many systems,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2499 `stty start u stop u' will do this.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2500
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2501 Some versions of `tcsh' will prevent even this from working. One
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2502 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2503 and issue the stty command to disable flow control from that shell.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2504
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2505 Use `stty -ixon' instead of `stty start u stop u' on some systems.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2506
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2507 * Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2508
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2509 You can make Emacs treat C-s and C-q as flow control characters by
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2510 evaluating the form
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2511
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2512 (enable-flow-control)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2513
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2514 to unconditionally enable flow control or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2515
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2516 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19")
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2517
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2518 (using your terminal names instead of "vt100" or "h19") to enable
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2519 selectively. These commands will automatically swap `C-s' and `C-q' to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2520 `C-\' and `C-^'. Variables can be used to change the default swap keys
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2521 (`flow-control-c-s-replacement' and `flow-control-c-q-replacement').
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2522
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2523 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your .emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2524 file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the best place to
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2525 put it is in the lisp/site-start.el file. Putting this form in
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2526 lisp/default.el has the problem that if the user's .emacs file has an
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2527 error, this will prevent lisp/default.el from being loaded and Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2528 may be unusable for the user, even for correcting their .emacs file
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2529 (unless they're smart enough to move it to another name).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2530
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2531 For further discussion of this issue, read the file PROBLEMS (in the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2532 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2533
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2534 111: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2535 out?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2536
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2537 To bind `C-s' and `C-q', use either `enable-flow-control' or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2538 `enable-flow-control-on'. See question 110 for usage and implementation
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2539 details.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2540
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2541 To bind other keys, use `keyboard-translate'. See question 114 for usage
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2542 details. To do this for an entire site, you should swap the keys in
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2543 lisp/site-start.el. See question 110 for an explanation of why
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2544 lisp/default.el should not be used.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2545
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2546 NOTE: * If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2547 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2548 actually behaves.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2549
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2550 112: Why does the `Backspace' key invoke help?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2551
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2552 The `Backspace' key (on most keyboards) generates ASCII code 8. `C-h'
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2553 sends the same code. In Emacs by default `C-h' invokes help-command.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2554 This is intended to be easy to remember since the first letter of "help"
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2555 is "h." The easiest solution to this problem is to use `C-h' (and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2556 Backspace) for help and DEL (the Delete key) for deleting the previous
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2557 character.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2558
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2559 For many people this solution may be problematic:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2560
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2561 * They normally use Backspace outside of Emacs for deleting the previous
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2562 character typed. This can be solved by making DEL be the command for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2563 deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. This command will do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2564 this on many Unix systems:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2565
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2566 stty erase '^?'
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2567
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2568 * The person may prefer using the Backspace key for deleting the previous
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2569 character because it is more conveniently located on their keyboard or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2570 because they don't even have a separate Delete key. In this case, the
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2571 Backspace key should be made to behave like Delete. There are several
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2572 methods.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2573
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2574 * Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) allow the character generated by
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2575 the Backspace key to be changed from a setup menu.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2576
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2577 * You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2578
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2579 * Under X or on a dumb terminal, it is possible to swap the Backspace and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2580 Delete keys inside Emacs:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2581
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2582 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2583
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2584 See question 114 for further details of `keyboard-translate'.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2585
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2586 * Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on "C-x h"
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2587 instead:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2588
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2589 (global-set-key [?\C-h] 'delete-backward-char)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2590 (global-set-key [?\C-x ?h] 'help-command)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2591 ;; overrides mark-whole-buffer
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2592
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2593 Other popular key bindings for help are M-? and "C-x ?".
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2594
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2595 NOTE: * Don't try to bind DEL to help-command, because there are many
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2596 modes that have local bindings of DEL that will interfere.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2597
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2598 113: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2599
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2600 Good question!
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2601
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2602 114: How do I "swap" two keys?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2603
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2604 In Emacs 19, you can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2605 `keyboard-translate' function. For example, to turn `C-h' into DEL and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2606 DEL to `C-h', use
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2607
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2608 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2609 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2610
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2611 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2612 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the keymaps.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2613
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2614 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps. Emacs
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2615 contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but there
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2616 is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2617 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations take
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2618 place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are looked
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2619 up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2620 translation.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2621
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2622 Also see `Keyboard Translations' in the on-line manual.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2623
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2624 115: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2625
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2626 On terminals (but not under X), some common "aliases" are:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2627
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2628 CTRL-2 or CTRL-SPC for C-@
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2629 CTRL-6 for C-^
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2630 CTRL-7 or CTRL-SHIFT-- for C-_
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2631 CTRL-4 for C-\
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2632 CTRL-5 for C-]
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2633 CTRL-/ for C-?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2634
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2635 Often other aliases exist; use the `C-h c' command and try `CTRL' with
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2636 all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets generated. You can
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2637 also try the `C-h w' command if you know the name of the command.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2638
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2639 116: What if I don't have a Meta key?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2640
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2641 Instead of typing "M-a", you can type "ESC a". In fact, Emacs converts
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2642 M-a internally into "ESC a" anyway (depending on the value of
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2643 meta-prefix-char). Note that you press "Meta" and "a" together, while
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2644 you press "ESC", release it, and then press "a".
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2645
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2646 117: What if I don't have an Escape key?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2647
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2648 Type "C-[" instead. This should send ASCII code 27 just like an Escape
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2649 key would. "C-3" may also work on some terminal (but not under X). For
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2650 many terminals (notably DEC terminals) "F11" generates the "ESC" key. If
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2651 not, the following form can be used bind it:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2652
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2653 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e]) ; F11 is the documented ESC
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2654 ; replacement on DEC terminals.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2655
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2656 118: Can I make my `Compose Character' key behave like a Meta key?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2657
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2658 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain VT220
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2659 clones could have their Compose key configured this way. If you're using
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2660 X, you might be able to do this with the `xmodmap' program.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2661
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2662 119: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2663
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2664 With Emacs 19 you can indicate modified function keys in vector format
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2665 through multi-prefixing the function key symbol. For example (from the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2666 Emacs on-line documentation):
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2667
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2668 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2669
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2670 where "?\C-x" is the Lisp character constant for the character "C-x".
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2671
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2672 You can use the modifier keys CTRL, META, HYPER, SUPER, ALT and SHIFT
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2673 with function keys. To represent these modifiers, prepend the strings
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2674 "C-", "M-", "H-", "s-", "A-" and "S-" to the symbol name. Thus, here is
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2675 how to make "Hyper-Meta-RIGHT" move forward a word:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2676
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2677 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2678
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2679 NOTE: * Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. HYPER, SUPER,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2680 and ALT are available only under X (provided there are such
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2681 keys). Non-ASCII keys and mouse events (e.g. "C-=" and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2682 "mouse-1") also fall under this category.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2683
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2684 See question 104 for general key binding instructions.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2685
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2686 120: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2687
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2688 Try all of these methods before asking for further help:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2689
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2690 * You may have big problems using `mwm' as your window manager. {Does
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2691 anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the Meta key in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2692 Emacs with mwm?}
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2693
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2694 * For X11: Make sure it really is a Meta key. Use `xev' to find out what
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2695 keysym your Meta key generates. It should be either Meta_L or Meta_R.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2696 If it isn't, use xmodmap to fix the situation.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2697
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2698 * Make sure the pty the xterm is using is passing 8 bit characters.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2699 `stty -a' (or `stty everything') should show `cs8' somewhere. If it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2700 shows `cs7' instead, use `stty cs8 -istrip' (or `stty pass8') to fix
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2701 it.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2702
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2703 * If there is an rlogin connection between the xterm and the Emacs, the
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2704 `-8' argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2705 of every character.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2706
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2707 * If the Emacs is running under Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2708 (set-input-mode t nil) helps.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2709
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2710 * If all else fails, you can make xterm generate "ESC W" when you type
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2711 M-W, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it got the M-W
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2712 anyway. In X11R4, the following resource specification will do this:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2713
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2714 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2715
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2716 (This changes the behavior of the insert-eight-bit action.)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2717
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2718 With older xterms, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2719
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2720 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2721 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2722
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2723 You might have to replace `Meta' with `Alt'.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2724
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2725 121: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2726
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2727 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2728 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2729 XLookupString returns the same result regardless of the Meta key state
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2730 which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs is fixed, the temporary
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2731 kludge is to run this command after each time the X server is started but
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2732 preferably before any xterm clients are:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2733
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2734 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2735
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2736 NOTE: This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2737 may be undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2738
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2739 122: Where can I get key bindings to make Emacs emulate WordStar?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2740
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2741 There is a package `wordstar' by Jim Frost <jimf@saber.com> located under
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2742 the "misc" directory at the Emacs Lisp Archive.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2743
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2744 123: Where can I get an XEDIT emulator for Emacs?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2745
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2746 This question comes up once every couple of months. Searing for "xedit"
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2747 through most recent Lisp Code Directory fails to match any entries.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2748
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2749 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2750
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2751 124: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2752
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2753 GNU Emacs 19 has built-in support for 8-bit characters. Here is an
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2754 excerpt from the `European Display' page of the on-line manual:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2755
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2756 Some European languages use accented letters and other special symbols.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2757 The ISO 8859 Latin-1 character set defines character codes for many
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2758 European languages in the range 160 to 255.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2759
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2760 Emacs can display those characters according to Latin-1, provided the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2761 terminal or font in use supports them. The `M-x
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2762 standard-display-european' command toggles European character display
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2763 mode. With a numeric argument, `M-x standard-display-european' enables
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2764 European character display if and only if the argument is positive.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2765
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2766 Some operating systems let you specify the language you are using by
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2767 setting a locale. Emacs handles one common special case of this: if
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2768 your locale name for character types contains the string `8859-1' or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2769 `88591', Emacs automatically enables European character display mode
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2770 when it starts up.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2771
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2772 125: How do I input 8-bit characters?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2773
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2774 Again, from the `European Display' page of the on-line manual:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2775
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2776 If you enter non-ASCII ISO Latin-1 characters often, you might find ISO
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2777 Accents mode convenient. When this minor mode is enabled, the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2778 characters ``', `'', `"', `^', `/' and `~' modify the following letter
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2779 by adding the corresponding diacritical mark to it, if possible. To
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2780 enable or disable ISO Accents mode, use the command `M-x
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2781 iso-accents-mode'. This command affects only the current buffer.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2782
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2783 To enter one of those six special characters, type the character,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2784 followed by a space. Some of those characters have a corresponding
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2785 "dead key" accent character in the ISO Latin-1 character set; to enter
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2786 that character, type the corresponding ASCII character twice. For
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2787 example, `''' enters the Latin-1 character acute-accent (character code
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2788 0264).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2789
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2790 126: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle kanji characters?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2791
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2792 Nemacs 3.3.2 (Nihongo GNU Emacs) is a modified version of GNU Emacs 18.55
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2793 that handles kanji characters. It is available via anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2794
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2795 /crl.nmsu.edu:pub/misc/nemacs-3.3.2.tar.Z
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2796 /ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp:pub/gnu-rel/nemacs/nemacs-3.3.2.tar.gz
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2797
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2798 You might also need files for "wnn," a kanji input method
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2799 (wnn-4.0.3{-README,.tar.Z} {on which machine?}). You need a terminal (or
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2800 terminal emulator) that can display text encoded in JIS, Shift-JIS, or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2801 EUC (Extended Unix Code), or the ability to run Nemacs as a direct X
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2802 Windows client.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2803
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2804 127: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle Chinese?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2805
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2806 Cemacs by Stephen G. Simpson <simpson@math.psu.edu> is a patch to Emacs
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2807 18.57 (the ctl-arrow patch) and some Emacs Lisp code that combined with
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2808 Cxterm allows using Chinese characters. It is available via anonymous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2809 FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2810
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2811 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cemacs.tar.Z
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2812
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2813 Cxterm, a patch to Emacs 18.57 that allows you to enter Chinese
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2814 characters, is available from the same place:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2815
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2816 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cxterm-11.5.1.tar.Z
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2817
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2818 128: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2819
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2820 Joel M. Hoffman <joel@wam.umd.edu> writes:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2821
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2822 A couple of years ago a wrote a hebrew.el file that allows
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2823 right-to-left editing of Hebrew. I relied on the hardware to display
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2824 the Hebrew letters, given the right codes, but not for any
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2825 right-to-left support; the hardware also doesn't have to send any
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2826 specific char. codes. Emacs keeps track of when the user is typing
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2827 Hebrew vs. English. (The VT-* terminals in Israel contain built-in
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2828 support for Hebrew.)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2829
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2830 To get it to work I had to modify only a few lines of GNU Emacs's
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2831 source code --- just enough to make it 8-bit clean.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2832
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2833 [and in a separate message:]
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2834
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2835 It doesn't produce time-order ["sefer" format] (I wouldn't recommend
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2836 trying that with Emacs, because converting time-order to screen-order
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2837 with arbitrarily long lines is a bit tricky), but I also concocted a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2838 quick filter to convert screen-order into time-order. I'll be happy to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2839 send you the requisite files if you want them. If you're using it for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2840 anything large, however, you'll want something that works better.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2841
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2842 Joel Hoffman has also written a "bi-directional bi-lingual Emacs-like"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2843 editor for MS-DOS named Ibelbe (Itty Bitty Emacs-Like Bidirectional
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2844 Editor). Ibelbe is written in Turbo Pascal and comes with source code.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2845 Here is the description:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2846
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2847 Ibelbe looks like Emacs (it even has a minibuffer and filename
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2848 completion), and fully supports both right-to-left and left-to-right
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2849 editing. Other than an EGA monitor or better, no special hardware is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2850 required. You will need an EGA Hebrew font to use Ibelbe with Hebrew.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2851
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2852 Anonymous FTP:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2853 /israel.nysernet.org:israel/computers/software/msdos/ibelbe.zip
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2854 /israel.nysernet.org:israel/computers/software/msdos/hebfont.zip
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2855
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2856 Joseph Friedman <yossi@deshaw.com, yossi@Neon.Stanford.EDU> has written
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2857 patches for Emacs 18.55 and 18.58 that provide Semitic language support
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2858 under X Windows.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2859
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2860 Warren Burstein <warren@itex.jct.ac.il> says he has mapped 7-bit keys by
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2861 modifying self-insert-command "for Hebrew input on 7-bit keyboards."
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2862
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2863 A good suggestion is to query archie for files named with `hebrew'.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2864
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2865
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2866 Mail and News
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2867
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2868 129: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2869
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2870 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2871 mail-yank-prefix. For VM, set vm-included-text-prefix. For mh-e, set
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2872 mh-ins-buf-prefix.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2873
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2874 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. See question 93.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2875
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2876 A related problem is how to prevent Emacs from including various headers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2877 of the replied-to message. For this, you should set the value of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2878 mail-yank-ignored-headers, which takes a regexp value.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2879
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2880 130: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2881
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2882 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a `BCC:' header in the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2883 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2884 including an `FCC:' header.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2885
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2886 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a `BCC:' to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2887 yourself by putting
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2888
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2889 (setq mail-self-blind t)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2890
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2891 in your .emacs. You can automatically include an `FCC:' field by putting
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2892 something like the following in your .emacs file:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2893
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2894 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing"))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2895
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2896 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2897 by VM, but not always by Rmail. See question 132.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2898
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2899 If you use mh-e add an FCC: or BCC: field to your components file.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2900
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2901 It does not work to put `set record filename' in the .mailrc file.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2902
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2903 131: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2904
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2905 * You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2906 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2907 like this one:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2908
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2909 To: Willy Smith <wks@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2910
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2911 However, you do not need to separate addresses with commas in your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2912 .mailrc file.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2913
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2914 WARNING: Emacs breaks up aliases in the .mailrc file into multiple
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2915 addresses both on commas and on whitespace, regardless of any use of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2916 quotes. This is probably a bug. You can get around this by directly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2917 setting the value of mail-aliases.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2918
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2919 * Emacs normally only reads the `.mailrc' file once per session, when you
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2920 start to compose your first mail message. If you edit .mailrc, you can
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2921 type "M-ESC (build-mail-aliases) RET" to make Emacs reread .mailrc.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2922 (You have to include the parentheses where they are shown!)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2923
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2924 * Emacs does not interpret vendor-specific additions to the format of the
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2925 .mailrc file such as the `source' command. It also ignores any `set'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2926 commands. The only commands it looks at are `alias' and `group'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2927 commands.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2928
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2929 * If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2930 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2931
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2932 (add-hook 'mail-setup-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup)
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2933
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2934 132: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2935
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2936 A file created through the FCC: field in a message is in Unix Mail
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2937 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2938 convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2939 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the saved- messages
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2940 file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the function
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2941 set-rmail-inbox-list.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2942
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2943 133: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2944
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2945 In Rmail, type C-c C-s C-h to get a list of sorting functions and their
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2946 key bindings.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2947
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2948 134: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2949
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2950 This is the behavior of the `movemail' program which Rmail uses. This
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2951 indicates that movemail is configured to use lock files.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2952
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2953 RMS writes:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2954
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2955 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2956 On these systems, movemail must write lock files, or you risk losing
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2957 mail. You simply must arrange to let movemail write them.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2958
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2959 Other systems use the flock system call to interlock access. On these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2960 systems, you should configure movemail to use flock.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2961
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2962 135: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2963
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2964 If you have just done rmail-input on a file and you don't want to save it
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2965 in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with C-x k).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2966
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2967 If you typed M-x rmail and it read some messages out of your inbox and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2968 you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use C-o on each message.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2969
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2970 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2971 format, use the command M-x unrmail: it will prompt you for the input and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2972 output file names.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2973
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2974 136: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2975
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2976 To start Emacs in Gnus:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2977
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2978 emacs -f gnus
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2979
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2980 in Rmail:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2981
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2982 emacs -f rmail
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2983
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2984 A more convenient way to start with Gnus:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2985
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2986 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2987 gnus
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2988
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2989 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2990 from your .emacs file. This would cause problems if you needed to run
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2991 two copies of Emacs at one time. Also, this would make it difficult for
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2992 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2993
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2994 137: How do I read news under Emacs?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2995
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2996 Use M-x gnus. It is documented in Info (see question 14).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2997
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2998 138: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
2999
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3000 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3001 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one before
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3002 blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version 1.5.11
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3003 claims to fix this.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3004
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3005 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3006
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3007 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3008
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3009 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3010 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3011 (i.e., `telnet server-machine 119'). The server should give its version
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3012 number in the welcome message. Type `quit' to get out.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3013
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3014 139: How do I view text with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3015
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3016 Underlining appears like this:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3017
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3018 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3019
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3020 You can destructively remove underlining with M-x ununderline-region.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3021
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3022 For ClariNews articles, clari-clean.el by David N. Blank-Edelman
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3023 <dnb@meshugge.media.mit.edu> will remove both underlining and
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3024 overstriking automatically. It is available on the Lisp Code Directory
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3025 (see question 77).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3026
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3027 140: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3028
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3029 Use gnus-uu. Type C-c C-v C-h in the Gnus summary buffer to see a list
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3030 of available commands.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3031
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3032 141: Why does Gnus put the subjects in replies beyond the 80th column?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3033
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3034 This is a feature. If you set gnus-thread-hide-subject to non-nil, Gnus
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3035 will only display the subject of the first posting in a thread, even if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3036 some of the replies use different subjects. It hides the subjects by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3037 putting them past the edge of the window and setting truncate lines to t.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3038
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3039 If your screen looks messed up, then for some reason truncate-lines in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3040 your `*Subject*' buffer has been set to nil. It should be set to t.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3041
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3042 142: How do I make Gnus start up faster?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3043
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3044 Remove all the newsgroups in which you have no interest from your .newsrc
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3045 file by using Gnus's C-k or C-w commands in the `*Newsgroup*' buffer,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3046 perhaps after displaying all newsgroups with the L command.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3047 Unsubscribing will not speed up Gnus.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3048
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3049 143: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3050
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3051 In the `*Newsgroup*' buffer, type the following magical incantation:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3052
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3053 M-< C-x ( c y M-0 C-x )
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3054
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3055 Leave off the "M-<" if you only want to catch up from point to the end of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3056 the `*Newsgroup' buffer.
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3057
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3058 144: Why can't I kill in Gnus on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control line?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3059
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3060 Gnus will complain that the `Newsgroups:', `Keywords:', and `Control:'
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3061 headers are `Unknown header field's.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3062
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3063 For the `Newsgroups:' header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3064 `Xref' header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3065 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3066
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3067 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3068 this:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3069
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3070 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3071
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3072 145: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3073
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3074 Set nntp-debug-read to nil.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3075
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3076 146: Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3077
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3078 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3079 the variable gnus-use-cross-reference.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3080
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3081 147: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3082
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3083 David Lawrence <tale@uunet.uu.net> explains:
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3084
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3085 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3086 POST asks C News's inews to not background itself but rather hang
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3087 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3088 successful. (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3089 of the waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3090 taking a long time because inews is calling relaynews, which often
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3091 waits for another relaynews to free the lock on the news system so it
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3092 can file the article.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3093
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3094 My preferred solution is to change inews to not call relaynews, but
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3095 rather use newsspool. This loses some error-catching functionality,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3096 but is for the most part safe as inews will detect a lot of the errors
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3097 on its own. The C News folks have sped up inews, too, so speed should
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3098 look better to most folks as that update propagates around.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3099
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3100 148: Why don't my news postings in Gnus get past the local machine?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3101
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3102 It could be that your Distribution: field is "local" or a synonym, or
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3103 your Path: field may be wrong. This piece of code may fix the latter
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3104 problem:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3105
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3106 (setq gnus-use-generic-path t)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3107
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3108 149: Why doesn't Gnus generate the `Lines:' header?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3109
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3110 The posting software down the line from Gnus often generates a "Lines:"
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3111 header so Gnus doesn't have to. If you want it to, just add Lines to the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3112 list in gnus-required-headers:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3113
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3114 (add-hook 'gnus-startup-hook
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3115 '(lambda ()
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3116 (setq gnus-required-headers (cons 'Lines gnus-required-headers))))
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3117
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3118 150: How do I kill all articles in Gnus but those matching a pattern?
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3119
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3120 Example kill file code:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3121
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3122 ;; kill everything
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3123 (gnus-kill "subject" "" nil nil)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3124 ;; then restore stuff by our favorite poster
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3125 (gnus-kill "from" "good-guy"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3126 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3127 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3128 (if (eq ?X (char-after (save-excursion
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3129 (beginning-of-line 1)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3130 (point))))
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3131 (gnus-summary-clear-mark-forward 1))))
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3132 t)
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3133
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3134
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3135 ------------------------------------------------------------
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3136 Slightly modified by Richard Stallman
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3137 Copyright 1994 Reuven M. Lerner
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3138 Copyright 1992, 1993 Steven Byrnes
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3139 Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992 Joseph Brian Wells
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3140
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3141 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3142 ("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
11822
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3143 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3144
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3145 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3146 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3147 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3148 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3149 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3150
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3151 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3152 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3153 itself allows free copying and redistribution.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3154
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3155 ------------------------------------------------------------
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3156
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3157 Special thanks to members of the FAQ team, who worked hard to ensure that
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3158 answers were up-to-date:
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3159
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3160 Ethan Bradford <ethanb@u.washington.edu>, Luis Fernandes
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3161 <elf@eccles.ee.ryerson.ca>, Denby Wong <3dw16@qlink.QueensU.CA>, Yair
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3162 Friedman <yair@cs.huji.ac.il>, Thi <ttn@netcom.com>, Richard Levitte
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3163 <levitte@e.kth.se>, "William G. Dubuque" <wgd@martigny.ai.mit.edu>,
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3164 and Guan-Hsong Hsu <ghsu@relay.nswc.navy.mil>.
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3165
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3166
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
diff changeset
3167
b097ca448b38 New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 8958
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