annotate mpegtsenc.c @ 5984:55c714a8fb00 libavformat

Make the IFF demuxer a little more standards-compliant, e.g. respect the size fields of common media header chunks (these can have different sizes depending on the type of IFF file you read), better handle odd sizes (like RIFF, every field is padded to word) and handle headerchunks after the BODY chunk. Patch by Sebastian Vater <cdgs.basty googlemail com>.

/*
 * MPEG2 transport stream (aka DVB) muxer
 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
 *
 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
 *
 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#include "libavutil/bswap.h"
#include "libavutil/crc.h"
#include "libavcodec/mpegvideo.h"
#include "avformat.h"
#include "internal.h"
#include "mpegts.h"
#include "adts.h"

/* write DVB SI sections */

/*********************************************/
/* mpegts section writer */

typedef struct MpegTSSection {
    int pid;
    int cc;
    void (*write_packet)(struct MpegTSSection *s, const uint8_t *packet);
    void *opaque;
} MpegTSSection;

typedef struct MpegTSService {
    MpegTSSection pmt; /* MPEG2 pmt table context */
    int sid;           /* service ID */
    char *name;
    char *provider_name;
    int pcr_pid;
    int pcr_packet_count;
    int pcr_packet_period;
} MpegTSService;

typedef struct MpegTSWrite {
    MpegTSSection pat; /* MPEG2 pat table */
    MpegTSSection sdt; /* MPEG2 sdt table context */
    MpegTSService **services;
    int sdt_packet_count;
    int sdt_packet_period;
    int pat_packet_count;
    int pat_packet_period;
    int nb_services;
    int onid;
    int tsid;
    uint64_t cur_pcr;
    int mux_rate; ///< set to 1 when VBR
} MpegTSWrite;

/* NOTE: 4 bytes must be left at the end for the crc32 */
static void mpegts_write_section(MpegTSSection *s, uint8_t *buf, int len)
{
    MpegTSWrite *ts = ((AVFormatContext*)s->opaque)->priv_data;
    unsigned int crc;
    unsigned char packet[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
    const unsigned char *buf_ptr;
    unsigned char *q;
    int first, b, len1, left;

    crc = bswap_32(av_crc(av_crc_get_table(AV_CRC_32_IEEE), -1, buf, len - 4));
    buf[len - 4] = (crc >> 24) & 0xff;
    buf[len - 3] = (crc >> 16) & 0xff;
    buf[len - 2] = (crc >> 8) & 0xff;
    buf[len - 1] = (crc) & 0xff;

    /* send each packet */
    buf_ptr = buf;
    while (len > 0) {
        first = (buf == buf_ptr);
        q = packet;
        *q++ = 0x47;
        b = (s->pid >> 8);
        if (first)
            b |= 0x40;
        *q++ = b;
        *q++ = s->pid;
        s->cc = (s->cc + 1) & 0xf;
        *q++ = 0x10 | s->cc;
        if (first)
            *q++ = 0; /* 0 offset */
        len1 = TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - packet);
        if (len1 > len)
            len1 = len;
        memcpy(q, buf_ptr, len1);
        q += len1;
        /* add known padding data */
        left = TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - packet);
        if (left > 0)
            memset(q, 0xff, left);

        s->write_packet(s, packet);

        buf_ptr += len1;
        len -= len1;

        ts->cur_pcr += TS_PACKET_SIZE*8*90000LL/ts->mux_rate;
    }
}

static inline void put16(uint8_t **q_ptr, int val)
{
    uint8_t *q;
    q = *q_ptr;
    *q++ = val >> 8;
    *q++ = val;
    *q_ptr = q;
}

static int mpegts_write_section1(MpegTSSection *s, int tid, int id,
                          int version, int sec_num, int last_sec_num,
                          uint8_t *buf, int len)
{
    uint8_t section[1024], *q;
    unsigned int tot_len;

    tot_len = 3 + 5 + len + 4;
    /* check if not too big */
    if (tot_len > 1024)
        return -1;

    q = section;
    *q++ = tid;
    put16(&q, 0xb000 | (len + 5 + 4)); /* 5 byte header + 4 byte CRC */
    put16(&q, id);
    *q++ = 0xc1 | (version << 1); /* current_next_indicator = 1 */
    *q++ = sec_num;
    *q++ = last_sec_num;
    memcpy(q, buf, len);

    mpegts_write_section(s, section, tot_len);
    return 0;
}

/*********************************************/
/* mpegts writer */

#define DEFAULT_PMT_START_PID   0x1000
#define DEFAULT_START_PID       0x0100
#define DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NAME   "FFmpeg"
#define DEFAULT_SERVICE_NAME    "Service01"

/* default network id, transport stream and service identifiers */
#define DEFAULT_ONID            0x0001
#define DEFAULT_TSID            0x0001
#define DEFAULT_SID             0x0001

/* a PES packet header is generated every DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ packets */
#define DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ 16
#define DEFAULT_PES_PAYLOAD_SIZE ((DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ - 1) * 184 + 170)

/* we retransmit the SI info at this rate */
#define SDT_RETRANS_TIME 500
#define PAT_RETRANS_TIME 100
#define PCR_RETRANS_TIME 20

typedef struct MpegTSWriteStream {
    struct MpegTSService *service;
    int pid; /* stream associated pid */
    int cc;
    int payload_index;
    int first_pts_check; ///< first pts check needed
    int64_t payload_pts;
    int64_t payload_dts;
    uint8_t payload[DEFAULT_PES_PAYLOAD_SIZE];
    ADTSContext *adts;
} MpegTSWriteStream;

static void mpegts_write_pat(AVFormatContext *s)
{
    MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
    MpegTSService *service;
    uint8_t data[1012], *q;
    int i;

    q = data;
    for(i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
        service = ts->services[i];
        put16(&q, service->sid);
        put16(&q, 0xe000 | service->pmt.pid);
    }
    mpegts_write_section1(&ts->pat, PAT_TID, ts->tsid, 0, 0, 0,
                          data, q - data);
}

static void mpegts_write_pmt(AVFormatContext *s, MpegTSService *service)
{
    //    MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
    uint8_t data[1012], *q, *desc_length_ptr, *program_info_length_ptr;
    int val, stream_type, i;

    q = data;
    put16(&q, 0xe000 | service->pcr_pid);

    program_info_length_ptr = q;
    q += 2; /* patched after */

    /* put program info here */

    val = 0xf000 | (q - program_info_length_ptr - 2);
    program_info_length_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
    program_info_length_ptr[1] = val;

    for(i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
        AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
        MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
        AVMetadataTag *lang = av_metadata_get(st->metadata, "language", NULL,0);
        switch(st->codec->codec_id) {
        case CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO:
        case CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO:
            stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_MPEG2;
            break;
        case CODEC_ID_MPEG4:
            stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_MPEG4;
            break;
        case CODEC_ID_H264:
            stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_H264;
            break;
        case CODEC_ID_DIRAC:
            stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_DIRAC;
            break;
        case CODEC_ID_MP2:
        case CODEC_ID_MP3:
            stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_MPEG1;
            break;
        case CODEC_ID_AAC:
            stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC;
            break;
        case CODEC_ID_AC3:
            stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AC3;
            break;
        default:
            stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_PRIVATE_DATA;
            break;
        }
        *q++ = stream_type;
        put16(&q, 0xe000 | ts_st->pid);
        desc_length_ptr = q;
        q += 2; /* patched after */

        /* write optional descriptors here */
        switch(st->codec->codec_type) {
        case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
            if (lang && strlen(lang->value) == 3) {
                *q++ = 0x0a; /* ISO 639 language descriptor */
                *q++ = 4;
                *q++ = lang->value[0];
                *q++ = lang->value[1];
                *q++ = lang->value[2];
                *q++ = 0; /* undefined type */
            }
            break;
        case AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE:
            {
                const char *language;
                language = lang && strlen(lang->value)==3 ? lang->value : "eng";
                *q++ = 0x59;
                *q++ = 8;
                *q++ = language[0];
                *q++ = language[1];
                *q++ = language[2];
                *q++ = 0x10; /* normal subtitles (0x20 = if hearing pb) */
                put16(&q, 1); /* page id */
                put16(&q, 1); /* ancillary page id */
            }
            break;
        case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
            if (stream_type == STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_DIRAC) {
                *q++ = 0x05; /*MPEG-2 registration descriptor*/
                *q++ = 4;
                *q++ = 'd';
                *q++ = 'r';
                *q++ = 'a';
                *q++ = 'c';
            }
            break;
        }

        val = 0xf000 | (q - desc_length_ptr - 2);
        desc_length_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
        desc_length_ptr[1] = val;
    }
    mpegts_write_section1(&service->pmt, PMT_TID, service->sid, 0, 0, 0,
                          data, q - data);
}

/* NOTE: str == NULL is accepted for an empty string */
static void putstr8(uint8_t **q_ptr, const char *str)
{
    uint8_t *q;
    int len;

    q = *q_ptr;
    if (!str)
        len = 0;
    else
        len = strlen(str);
    *q++ = len;
    memcpy(q, str, len);
    q += len;
    *q_ptr = q;
}

static void mpegts_write_sdt(AVFormatContext *s)
{
    MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
    MpegTSService *service;
    uint8_t data[1012], *q, *desc_list_len_ptr, *desc_len_ptr;
    int i, running_status, free_ca_mode, val;

    q = data;
    put16(&q, ts->onid);
    *q++ = 0xff;
    for(i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
        service = ts->services[i];
        put16(&q, service->sid);
        *q++ = 0xfc | 0x00; /* currently no EIT info */
        desc_list_len_ptr = q;
        q += 2;
        running_status = 4; /* running */
        free_ca_mode = 0;

        /* write only one descriptor for the service name and provider */
        *q++ = 0x48;
        desc_len_ptr = q;
        q++;
        *q++ = 0x01; /* digital television service */
        putstr8(&q, service->provider_name);
        putstr8(&q, service->name);
        desc_len_ptr[0] = q - desc_len_ptr - 1;

        /* fill descriptor length */
        val = (running_status << 13) | (free_ca_mode << 12) |
            (q - desc_list_len_ptr - 2);
        desc_list_len_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
        desc_list_len_ptr[1] = val;
    }
    mpegts_write_section1(&ts->sdt, SDT_TID, ts->tsid, 0, 0, 0,
                          data, q - data);
}

static MpegTSService *mpegts_add_service(MpegTSWrite *ts,
                                         int sid,
                                         const char *provider_name,
                                         const char *name)
{
    MpegTSService *service;

    service = av_mallocz(sizeof(MpegTSService));
    if (!service)
        return NULL;
    service->pmt.pid = DEFAULT_PMT_START_PID + ts->nb_services - 1;
    service->sid = sid;
    service->provider_name = av_strdup(provider_name);
    service->name = av_strdup(name);
    service->pcr_pid = 0x1fff;
    dynarray_add(&ts->services, &ts->nb_services, service);
    return service;
}

static void section_write_packet(MpegTSSection *s, const uint8_t *packet)
{
    AVFormatContext *ctx = s->opaque;
    put_buffer(ctx->pb, packet, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
}

static int mpegts_write_header(AVFormatContext *s)
{
    MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
    MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st;
    MpegTSService *service;
    AVStream *st, *pcr_st = NULL;
    AVMetadataTag *title;
    int i;
    const char *service_name;

    ts->tsid = DEFAULT_TSID;
    ts->onid = DEFAULT_ONID;
    /* allocate a single DVB service */
    title = av_metadata_get(s->metadata, "title", NULL, 0);
    service_name = title ? title->value : DEFAULT_SERVICE_NAME;
    service = mpegts_add_service(ts, DEFAULT_SID,
                                 DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NAME, service_name);
    service->pmt.write_packet = section_write_packet;
    service->pmt.opaque = s;
    service->pmt.cc = 15;

    ts->pat.pid = PAT_PID;
    ts->pat.cc = 15; // Initialize at 15 so that it wraps and be equal to 0 for the first packet we write
    ts->pat.write_packet = section_write_packet;
    ts->pat.opaque = s;

    ts->sdt.pid = SDT_PID;
    ts->sdt.cc = 15;
    ts->sdt.write_packet = section_write_packet;
    ts->sdt.opaque = s;

    /* assign pids to each stream */
    for(i = 0;i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
        st = s->streams[i];
        ts_st = av_mallocz(sizeof(MpegTSWriteStream));
        if (!ts_st)
            goto fail;
        st->priv_data = ts_st;
        ts_st->service = service;
        ts_st->pid = DEFAULT_START_PID + i;
        ts_st->payload_pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
        ts_st->payload_dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
        ts_st->first_pts_check = 1;
        ts_st->cc = 15;
        /* update PCR pid by using the first video stream */
        if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
            service->pcr_pid == 0x1fff) {
            service->pcr_pid = ts_st->pid;
            pcr_st = st;
        }
        if (st->codec->codec_id == CODEC_ID_AAC &&
            st->codec->extradata_size > 0) {
            ts_st->adts = av_mallocz(sizeof(*ts_st->adts));
            if (!ts_st->adts)
                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            if (ff_adts_decode_extradata(s, ts_st->adts, st->codec->extradata,
                                         st->codec->extradata_size) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    /* if no video stream, use the first stream as PCR */
    if (service->pcr_pid == 0x1fff && s->nb_streams > 0) {
        pcr_st = s->streams[0];
        ts_st = pcr_st->priv_data;
        service->pcr_pid = ts_st->pid;
    }

    ts->mux_rate = s->mux_rate ? s->mux_rate : 1;

    if (ts->mux_rate > 1) {
        service->pcr_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * PCR_RETRANS_TIME) /
            (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
        ts->sdt_packet_period      = (ts->mux_rate * SDT_RETRANS_TIME) /
            (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
        ts->pat_packet_period      = (ts->mux_rate * PAT_RETRANS_TIME) /
            (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);

        ts->cur_pcr = av_rescale(s->max_delay, 90000, AV_TIME_BASE);
    } else {
        /* Arbitrary values, PAT/PMT could be written on key frames */
        ts->sdt_packet_period = 200;
        ts->pat_packet_period = 40;
        if (pcr_st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
            if (!pcr_st->codec->frame_size) {
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "frame size not set\n");
                service->pcr_packet_period =
                    pcr_st->codec->sample_rate/(10*512);
            } else {
                service->pcr_packet_period =
                    pcr_st->codec->sample_rate/(10*pcr_st->codec->frame_size);
            }
        } else {
            // max delta PCR 0.1s
            service->pcr_packet_period =
                pcr_st->codec->time_base.den/(10*pcr_st->codec->time_base.num);
        }
    }

    // output a PCR as soon as possible
    service->pcr_packet_count = service->pcr_packet_period;
    ts->pat_packet_count = ts->pat_packet_period-1;
    ts->sdt_packet_count = ts->sdt_packet_period-1;

    av_log(s, AV_LOG_INFO,
           "muxrate %d bps, pcr every %d pkts, "
           "sdt every %d, pat/pmt every %d pkts\n",
           ts->mux_rate, service->pcr_packet_period,
           ts->sdt_packet_period, ts->pat_packet_period);


    put_flush_packet(s->pb);

    return 0;

 fail:
    for(i = 0;i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
        st = s->streams[i];
        av_free(st->priv_data);
    }
    return -1;
}

/* send SDT, PAT and PMT tables regulary */
static void retransmit_si_info(AVFormatContext *s)
{
    MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
    int i;

    if (++ts->sdt_packet_count == ts->sdt_packet_period) {
        ts->sdt_packet_count = 0;
        mpegts_write_sdt(s);
    }
    if (++ts->pat_packet_count == ts->pat_packet_period) {
        ts->pat_packet_count = 0;
        mpegts_write_pat(s);
        for(i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
            mpegts_write_pmt(s, ts->services[i]);
        }
    }
}

/* Write a single null transport stream packet */
static void mpegts_insert_null_packet(AVFormatContext *s)
{
    MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
    uint8_t *q;
    uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];

    q = buf;
    *q++ = 0x47;
    *q++ = 0x00 | 0x1f;
    *q++ = 0xff;
    *q++ = 0x10;
    memset(q, 0x0FF, TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - buf));
    put_buffer(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
    ts->cur_pcr += TS_PACKET_SIZE*8*90000LL/ts->mux_rate;
}

/* Write a single transport stream packet with a PCR and no payload */
static void mpegts_insert_pcr_only(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st)
{
    MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
    MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
    uint8_t *q;
    uint64_t pcr = ts->cur_pcr;
    uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];

    q = buf;
    *q++ = 0x47;
    *q++ = ts_st->pid >> 8;
    *q++ = ts_st->pid;
    *q++ = 0x20 | ts_st->cc;   /* Adaptation only */
    /* Continuity Count field does not increment (see 13818-1 section 2.4.3.3) */
    *q++ = TS_PACKET_SIZE - 5; /* Adaptation Field Length */
    *q++ = 0x10;               /* Adaptation flags: PCR present */

    /* PCR coded into 6 bytes */
    *q++ = pcr >> 25;
    *q++ = pcr >> 17;
    *q++ = pcr >> 9;
    *q++ = pcr >> 1;
    *q++ = (pcr & 1) << 7;
    *q++ = 0;

    /* stuffing bytes */
    memset(q, 0xFF, TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - buf));
    put_buffer(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
    ts->cur_pcr += TS_PACKET_SIZE*8*90000LL/ts->mux_rate;
}

static void write_pts(uint8_t *q, int fourbits, int64_t pts)
{
    int val;

    val = fourbits << 4 | (((pts >> 30) & 0x07) << 1) | 1;
    *q++ = val;
    val = (((pts >> 15) & 0x7fff) << 1) | 1;
    *q++ = val >> 8;
    *q++ = val;
    val = (((pts) & 0x7fff) << 1) | 1;
    *q++ = val >> 8;
    *q++ = val;
}

/* Add a pes header to the front of payload, and segment into an integer number of
 * ts packets. The final ts packet is padded using an over-sized adaptation header
 * to exactly fill the last ts packet.
 * NOTE: 'payload' contains a complete PES payload.
 */
static void mpegts_write_pes(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st,
                             const uint8_t *payload, int payload_size,
                             int64_t pts, int64_t dts)
{
    MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
    MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
    uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
    uint8_t *q;
    int val, is_start, len, header_len, write_pcr, private_code, flags;
    int afc_len, stuffing_len;
    int64_t pcr = -1; /* avoid warning */
    int64_t delay = av_rescale(s->max_delay, 90000, AV_TIME_BASE);

    is_start = 1;
    while (payload_size > 0) {
        retransmit_si_info(s);

        write_pcr = 0;
        if (ts_st->pid == ts_st->service->pcr_pid) {
            if (ts->mux_rate > 1 || is_start) // VBR pcr period is based on frames
                ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count++;
            if (ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count >=
                ts_st->service->pcr_packet_period) {
                ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count = 0;
                write_pcr = 1;
            }
        }

        if (ts->mux_rate > 1 && dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
            (dts - (int64_t)ts->cur_pcr) > delay) {
            /* pcr insert gets priority over null packet insert */
            if (write_pcr)
                mpegts_insert_pcr_only(s, st);
            else
                mpegts_insert_null_packet(s);
            continue; /* recalculate write_pcr and possibly retransmit si_info */
        }

        /* prepare packet header */
        q = buf;
        *q++ = 0x47;
        val = (ts_st->pid >> 8);
        if (is_start)
            val |= 0x40;
        *q++ = val;
        *q++ = ts_st->pid;
        ts_st->cc = (ts_st->cc + 1) & 0xf;
        *q++ = 0x10 | ts_st->cc | (write_pcr ? 0x20 : 0);
        if (write_pcr) {
            // add 11, pcr references the last byte of program clock reference base
            if (ts->mux_rate > 1)
                pcr = ts->cur_pcr + (4+7)*8*90000LL / ts->mux_rate;
            else
                pcr = dts - delay;
            if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts < pcr)
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "dts < pcr, TS is invalid\n");
            *q++ = 7; /* AFC length */
            *q++ = 0x10; /* flags: PCR present */
            *q++ = pcr >> 25;
            *q++ = pcr >> 17;
            *q++ = pcr >> 9;
            *q++ = pcr >> 1;
            *q++ = (pcr & 1) << 7;
            *q++ = 0;
        }
        if (is_start) {
            int pes_extension = 0;
            /* write PES header */
            *q++ = 0x00;
            *q++ = 0x00;
            *q++ = 0x01;
            private_code = 0;
            if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
                if (st->codec->codec_id == CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
                    *q++ = 0xfd;
                } else
                    *q++ = 0xe0;
            } else if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
                       (st->codec->codec_id == CODEC_ID_MP2 ||
                        st->codec->codec_id == CODEC_ID_MP3)) {
                *q++ = 0xc0;
            } else {
                *q++ = 0xbd;
                if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE) {
                    private_code = 0x20;
                }
            }
            header_len = 0;
            flags = 0;
            if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                header_len += 5;
                flags |= 0x80;
            }
            if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts != pts) {
                header_len += 5;
                flags |= 0x40;
            }
            if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
                st->codec->codec_id == CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
                /* set PES_extension_flag */
                pes_extension = 1;
                flags |= 0x01;

                /*
                * One byte for PES2 extension flag +
                * one byte for extension length +
                * one byte for extension id
                */
                header_len += 3;
            }
            len = payload_size + header_len + 3;
            if (private_code != 0)
                len++;
            if (len > 0xffff)
                len = 0;
            *q++ = len >> 8;
            *q++ = len;
            val = 0x80;
            /* data alignment indicator is required for subtitle data */
            if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE)
                val |= 0x04;
            *q++ = val;
            *q++ = flags;
            *q++ = header_len;
            if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                write_pts(q, flags >> 6, pts);
                q += 5;
            }
            if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts != pts) {
                write_pts(q, 1, dts);
                q += 5;
            }
            if (pes_extension && st->codec->codec_id == CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
                flags = 0x01;  /* set PES_extension_flag_2 */
                *q++ = flags;
                *q++ = 0x80 | 0x01;  /* marker bit + extension length */
                /*
                * Set the stream id extension flag bit to 0 and
                * write the extended stream id
                */
                *q++ = 0x00 | 0x60;
            }
            if (private_code != 0)
                *q++ = private_code;
            is_start = 0;
        }
        /* header size */
        header_len = q - buf;
        /* data len */
        len = TS_PACKET_SIZE - header_len;
        if (len > payload_size)
            len = payload_size;
        stuffing_len = TS_PACKET_SIZE - header_len - len;
        if (stuffing_len > 0) {
            /* add stuffing with AFC */
            if (buf[3] & 0x20) {
                /* stuffing already present: increase its size */
                afc_len = buf[4] + 1;
                memmove(buf + 4 + afc_len + stuffing_len,
                        buf + 4 + afc_len,
                        header_len - (4 + afc_len));
                buf[4] += stuffing_len;
                memset(buf + 4 + afc_len, 0xff, stuffing_len);
            } else {
                /* add stuffing */
                memmove(buf + 4 + stuffing_len, buf + 4, header_len - 4);
                buf[3] |= 0x20;
                buf[4] = stuffing_len - 1;
                if (stuffing_len >= 2) {
                    buf[5] = 0x00;
                    memset(buf + 6, 0xff, stuffing_len - 2);
                }
            }
        }
        memcpy(buf + TS_PACKET_SIZE - len, payload, len);
        payload += len;
        payload_size -= len;
        put_buffer(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
        ts->cur_pcr += TS_PACKET_SIZE*8*90000LL/ts->mux_rate;
    }
    put_flush_packet(s->pb);
}

static int mpegts_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
{
    AVStream *st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
    int size = pkt->size;
    uint8_t *buf= pkt->data;
    uint8_t *data= NULL;
    MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
    const uint64_t delay = av_rescale(s->max_delay, 90000, AV_TIME_BASE)*2;
    int64_t dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE, pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;

    if (pkt->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
        pts = pkt->pts + delay;
    if (pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
        dts = pkt->dts + delay;

    if (ts_st->first_pts_check && pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "first pts value must set\n");
        return -1;
    }
    ts_st->first_pts_check = 0;

    if (st->codec->codec_id == CODEC_ID_H264) {
        const uint8_t *p = buf, *buf_end = p+size;
        uint32_t state = -1;

        if (pkt->size < 5 || AV_RB32(pkt->data) != 0x0000001) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "h264 bitstream malformated, "
                   "no startcode found, use -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb\n");
            return -1;
        }

        do {
            p = ff_find_start_code(p, buf_end, &state);
            //av_log(s, AV_LOG_INFO, "nal %d\n", state & 0x1f);
        } while (p < buf_end && (state & 0x1f) != 9 &&
                 (state & 0x1f) != 5 && (state & 0x1f) != 1);

        if ((state & 0x1f) != 9) { // AUD NAL
            data = av_malloc(pkt->size+6);
            if (!data)
                return -1;
            memcpy(data+6, pkt->data, pkt->size);
            AV_WB32(data, 0x00000001);
            data[4] = 0x09;
            data[5] = 0xe0; // any slice type
            buf  = data;
            size = pkt->size+6;
        }
    } else if (st->codec->codec_id == CODEC_ID_AAC) {
        if (pkt->size < 2)
            return -1;
        if ((AV_RB16(pkt->data) & 0xfff0) != 0xfff0) {
            ADTSContext *adts = ts_st->adts;
            int new_size;
            if (!adts) {
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "aac bitstream not in adts format "
                       "and extradata missing\n");
                return -1;
            }
            new_size = ADTS_HEADER_SIZE+adts->pce_size+pkt->size;
            if ((unsigned)new_size >= INT_MAX)
                return -1;
            data = av_malloc(new_size);
            if (!data)
                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            ff_adts_write_frame_header(adts, data, pkt->size, adts->pce_size);
            if (adts->pce_size) {
                memcpy(data+ADTS_HEADER_SIZE, adts->pce_data, adts->pce_size);
                adts->pce_size = 0;
            }
            memcpy(data+ADTS_HEADER_SIZE+adts->pce_size, pkt->data, pkt->size);
            buf = data;
            size = new_size;
        }
    }

    if (st->codec->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
        // for video and subtitle, write a single pes packet
        mpegts_write_pes(s, st, buf, size, pts, dts);
        av_free(data);
        return 0;
    }

    if (ts_st->payload_index + size > DEFAULT_PES_PAYLOAD_SIZE) {
        mpegts_write_pes(s, st, ts_st->payload, ts_st->payload_index,
                         ts_st->payload_pts, ts_st->payload_dts);
        ts_st->payload_index = 0;
    }

    if (!ts_st->payload_index) {
        ts_st->payload_pts = pts;
        ts_st->payload_dts = dts;
    }

    memcpy(ts_st->payload + ts_st->payload_index, buf, size);
    ts_st->payload_index += size;

    av_free(data);

    return 0;
}

static int mpegts_write_end(AVFormatContext *s)
{
    MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
    MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st;
    MpegTSService *service;
    AVStream *st;
    int i;

    /* flush current packets */
    for(i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
        st = s->streams[i];
        ts_st = st->priv_data;
        if (ts_st->payload_index > 0) {
            mpegts_write_pes(s, st, ts_st->payload, ts_st->payload_index,
                             ts_st->payload_pts, ts_st->payload_dts);
        }
        av_freep(&ts_st->adts);
    }
    put_flush_packet(s->pb);

    for(i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
        service = ts->services[i];
        av_freep(&service->provider_name);
        av_freep(&service->name);
        av_free(service);
    }
    av_free(ts->services);

    return 0;
}

AVOutputFormat mpegts_muxer = {
    "mpegts",
    NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("MPEG-2 transport stream format"),
    "video/x-mpegts",
    "ts,m2t",
    sizeof(MpegTSWrite),
    CODEC_ID_MP2,
    CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO,
    mpegts_write_header,
    mpegts_write_packet,
    mpegts_write_end,
};