Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/pl/formats.html @ 9424:1aa095817a8a
typo
author | nicolas |
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date | Fri, 14 Feb 2003 15:04:24 +0000 |
parents | a604236b0dd6 |
children | c1ea9b0491ae |
rev | line source |
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1 <HTML> |
6040 | 2 |
3 <HEAD> | |
4 <STYLE> | |
5 .text | |
6 {font-family : Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; | |
7 font-size : 14px;} | |
8 </STYLE> | |
9 </HEAD> | |
10 | |
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11 <BODY BGCOLOR=WHITE> |
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12 |
6040 | 13 <FONT CLASS="text"> |
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14 |
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15 <P><B><A NAME=2.1>2.1. Supported formats</A></B></P> |
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16 |
6040 | 17 <P>It is important to clarify a common mistake. When people see a file with a |
18 <B>.AVI</B> extension, they immediately conclude that it is not an MPEG file. | |
19 That is not true. At least not entirely. Contrary to popular belief such a file | |
20 <B>can</B> contain MPEG1 video.</P> | |
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21 |
6040 | 22 <P>You see, a <B>codec</B> is not the same as a <B>file format</B>.<BR> |
23 Examples of video <B>codecs</B> are: MPEG1, MPEG2, DivX, Indeo5, 3ivx.<BR> | |
24 Examples of file <B>formats</B> are: MPG, AVI, ASF.<BR> | |
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25 </P> |
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26 |
6040 | 27 <P>In theory, you can put an OpenDivX video and MP3 audio |
28 into an <B>MPG</B> format file. However, most players will not play it, since | |
29 they expect MPEG1 video and MP2 audio (unlike <B>AVI</B>, <B>MPG</B> does not have the | |
30 necessary fields to describe its video and audio streams). | |
31 Or you might put MPEG1 video into an AVI file. <A HREF="http://ffmpeg.sourceforge.net">FFmpeg</A> | |
32 and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A> can create these files.</P> | |
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33 |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1>2.1.1. Video formats</A></B></P> |
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37 |
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38 |
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39 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.1>2.1.1.1. MPEG files</A></B></P> |
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40 |
6040 | 41 <P>MPEG files come in different guises:</P> |
42 | |
43 <UL> | |
44 <LI>MPG: This is the most <B>basic</B> form of the MPEG file formats. It contains | |
45 MPEG1 video, and MP2 (MPEG-1 layer 2) or rarely MP1 audio.</LI> | |
46 <LI>DAT: This is the very same format as MPG with a different extension. It is used | |
47 on <B>Video CD</B>s. Due to the way VCDs are created and Linux is designed, | |
48 the DAT files cannot be played nor copied from VCDs as regular files. You have | |
49 to use the <CODE>-vcd</CODE> option to play the Video CD.</LI> | |
50 <LI>VOB: This is the MPEG file format on <B>DVD</B>s. It is the same as MPG, plus the | |
51 capability to contain subtitles or non-MPEG (AC3) audio. It contains encoded MPEG2 | |
52 video and usually AC3 audio, but DTS, MP2 and uncompressed LPCM are allowed, too.<BR> | |
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53 <B>Read the <A HREF="cd-dvd.html#4.2">DVD section</A> !</B></LI> |
6040 | 54 </UL> |
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55 |
6040 | 56 <P>Series of frames form independent groups in MPEG files. This means that you |
57 can cut/join an MPEG file with standard file tools (like dd, cut), and it | |
58 remains completely functional.</P> | |
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59 |
6040 | 60 <P>One important feature of MPGs is that they have a field to describe |
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61 the aspect ratio of the video stream within. For example SVCDs have |
6040 | 62 480x480 resolution video, and in the header that field is set to 4:3, so that |
63 it is played at 640x480. AVI files do not have this field, so they have to be | |
64 rescaled during encoding or played with the <CODE>-aspect</CODE> option.</P> | |
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65 |
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66 |
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67 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.2>2.1.1.2. AVI files</A></B></P> |
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68 |
6040 | 69 <P>Designed by Micro$oft, <B>AVI (Audio Video Interleaved)</B> is a |
70 widespread multipurpose format currently used mostly for DivX and DivX4 | |
71 video. It has many known drawbacks and shortcomings (for example in streaming). | |
72 It supports one video stream and 0 to 99 audio streams and can be as big as | |
73 2GB. There exists an extension allowing bigger files called <B>OpenDMS</B>. | |
74 M$ currently strongly discourages its use and encourages ASF/WMV. Not that | |
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75 anybody cares.<BR> |
6040 | 76 |
77 <P>There is a hack for AVI files that enhances them to contain Ogg Vorbis audio | |
78 stream, but makes them incompatible with standard AVI. <B>MPlayer</B> | |
79 supports playing these files, though seeking is currently unimplemented.</P> | |
80 | |
81 <B>NOTE:</B> DV cameras can create two types of AVI formats. One is common and | |
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82 playable, the other is neither.</P> |
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83 |
6040 | 84 <P>There are two kinds of AVI files:</P> |
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85 <UL> |
6040 | 86 <LI><B>Interleaved:</B> Audio and video content is interleaved. This is the |
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87 standard usage. Recommended and mostly used. Some tools create interleaved |
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88 AVIs with bad sync. <B>MPlayer</B> detects these as interleaved, and this |
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89 climaxes in loss of A/V sync, probably at seeking. These files should be |
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90 played as non-interleaved (with the <CODE>-ni</CODE> option).</LI> |
6040 | 91 <LI><B>Non-interleaved:</B> First comes the whole video stream, then the whole |
92 audio stream. It thus needs a lot of seeking, making playing from network or | |
93 CD-Rom difficult.</LI> | |
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94 </UL> |
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95 |
6040 | 96 <P><B>MPlayer</B> supports two kinds of timings for AVI files:</P> |
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97 <UL> |
6040 | 98 <LI><B>bps-based</B>: It is based on the bitrate/samplerate of the video/audio stream. This |
99 method is used by most players, including <A HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net">avifile</A> | |
100 and windows media player. | |
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101 Files with broken headers, and files created with VBR audio but not |
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102 VBR-compliant encoder will result in A/V desync with this method (mostly at |
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103 seeking).</LI> |
6040 | 104 <LI><B>interleaving-based</B>: It does not use the bitrate value of the header, instead |
105 it uses the relative position of interleaved audio and video chunks, making | |
106 badly encoded files with VBR audio playable.</LI> | |
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107 </UL> |
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108 |
6040 | 109 <P>Any audio and video codec is allowed, but note that VBR audio is not well |
110 supported by most players. The file format makes it possible to use VBR | |
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111 audio, but most players expect CBR audio, thus they fail with VBR. VBR is |
6040 | 112 uncommon and Microsoft's AVI specs only describe CBR audio. I also noticed that |
113 most AVI encoders/multiplexers create bad files when using VBR audio. There are only | |
114 two exceptions (known to me): NaNDub and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A>.</P> | |
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115 |
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116 |
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117 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.3>2.1.1.3. ASF/WMV files</A></B></P> |
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118 |
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119 <P>ASF (active streaming format) comes from Microsoft. They developed two |
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120 variants of ASF, v1.0 and v2.0. v1.0 is used by their media tools (windows |
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121 media player and windows media encoder) and is very secret. v2.0 is published |
6040 | 122 and patented :). Of course they differ, there is no compatibility at all (it is |
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123 just another legal game). <B>MPlayer</B> supports only v1.0, as nobody has ever seen |
6040 | 124 v2.0 files :). Note that ASF files nowadays come with the extension .WMA or |
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125 .WMV.</P> |
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126 |
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127 |
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128 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.4>2.1.1.4. QuickTime/MOV files</A></B></P> |
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129 |
6040 | 130 <P>These formats were designed by Apple. They usually have a .QT or .MOV extension. Note |
131 that since the MPEG4 group chose QuickTime as the recommended file format | |
132 for MPEG4, their MOV files come with a .MPG or .MP4 extension (Interestingly | |
133 the video and audio streams in these files are real MPG and AAC files. With the | |
134 <CODE>-dumpvideo</CODE> and <CODE>-dumpaudio</CODE> options you can even extract them!).</P> | |
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135 |
6040 | 136 <P><B>Codecs</B>: Any codec is allowed, both CBR and VBR. Note: most new QuickTime files use |
137 <B>Sorensen</B> video and QDesign Music audio. These formats have not been | |
138 disclosed and will probably remain so in the future, making Apple's QuickTime | |
139 player the only player able to play these files (on Windows/Mac OS only).</P> | |
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140 |
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141 |
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142 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.5>2.1.1.5. VIV files</A></B></P> |
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143 |
6040 | 144 <P><B>MPlayer</B> happily demuxes VIVO file formats. The biggest disadvantage of |
145 the format is that it has no index block, nor a fixed packet size or sync bytes | |
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146 and most files lack even keyframes, so forget seeking!</P> |
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147 |
6040 | 148 <P>The video codec of VIVO/1.0 files is standard <B>h.263</B>. The video codec |
149 of VIVO/2.0 files is a modified, nonstandard <B>h.263v2</B>. The audio is the same, | |
150 it may be <B>g.723</B> (standard), or <B>Vivo Siren</B>.</P> | |
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151 |
6040 | 152 <P>See the <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.4">VIVO video codec</A> |
153 and <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.2.4">VIVO audio codec</A> sections for installation | |
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154 instructions.</P> |
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155 |
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156 |
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157 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.6>2.1.1.6. FLI files</A></B></P> |
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158 |
6040 | 159 <P><B>FLI</B> is a very old file format used by Autodesk Animator, but it is |
160 a common file format for short animations on the net. <B>MPlayer</B> demuxes | |
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161 and decodes FLI movies and is even able to seek within them (useful when |
6040 | 162 looping with the <CODE>-loop</CODE> option). FLI files do not have keyframes, so the picture |
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163 will be messy for a short time after seeking.</P> |
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164 |
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165 |
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166 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.7>2.1.1.7. RealMedia (RM) files</A></B></P> |
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167 |
6040 | 168 <P>Yes, <B>MPlayer</B> can read (demux) RealMedia (.rm) files. Seeking works |
169 (the format supports keyframes). Here are the lists of the supported | |
170 <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.8">RealVideo</A> | |
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171 and <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.2.5">RealAudio</A> codecs. |
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172 |
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173 |
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174 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.8>2.1.1.8. NuppelVideo files</A></B></P> |
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175 |
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176 <P><A HREF="http://mars.tuwien.ac.at/~roman/nuppelvideo">NuppelVideo</A> |
6040 | 177 is a TV grabber tool (AFAIK:). <B>MPlayer</B> can read its .NUV |
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178 files (only NuppelVideo 5.0). Those files can contain uncompressed YV12, |
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179 YV12+RTJpeg compressed, YV12 RTJpeg+lzo compressed, and YV12+lzo compressed |
6040 | 180 frames. <B>MPlayer</B> decodes (and also <B>encodes</B> them with MEncoder to |
181 DivX/etc!) them all. Seeking works.</P> | |
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182 |
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183 |
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184 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.9>2.1.1.9. yuv4mpeg files</A></B></P> |
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185 |
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186 <P><A HREF="http://mjpeg.sourceforge.net">yuv4mpeg / yuv4mpeg2</A> is |
6040 | 187 a file format used by the <A HREF="http://mjpeg.sf.net">mjpegtools programs</A>. |
188 You can grab, produce, filter or encode video in this format using these. | |
189 The file format is really a sequence of uncompressed YUV 4:2:0 images. | |
190 </P> | |
191 | |
192 | |
193 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.10>2.1.1.10. FILM files</A></B></P> | |
194 | |
195 <P>This format is used on old Sega Saturn CD-Rom games.</P> | |
196 | |
197 | |
198 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.11>2.1.1.11. RoQ files</A></B></P> | |
199 | |
200 <P>RoQ files are multimedia files used in some ID games such as Quake III and | |
201 Return to Castle Wolfenstein.</P> | |
202 | |
203 | |
204 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.12>2.1.1.12. OGG files</A></B></P> | |
205 | |
206 <P>This is a new fileformat from Xiphophorus, developed to contain Vorbis | |
207 audio. You'll need <CODE>libogg</CODE> and <CODE>libvorbis</CODE> installed | |
208 before compiling <B>MPlayer</B> to be able to play it.</P> | |
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209 |
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210 |
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211 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.2>2.1.2. Audio formats</A></B></P> |
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212 |
6040 | 213 <P><B>MPlayer</B> is a <B>Movie</B> and not a <B>Media</B> player, although |
214 it can play some audio file formats (they are listed in the sections below). | |
215 This is not a recommended usage of <B>MPlayer</B>, you better use | |
216 <A HREF="http://www.xmms.org">xmms</A>.</P> | |
217 | |
218 | |
219 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.1>2.1.2.1. MP3 files</A></B></P> | |
220 | |
221 <P>You may have problems playing certain MP3 files that <B>MPlayer</B> will | |
222 misdetect as MPEGs and play incorrectly or not at all. This cannot be fixed | |
223 without dropping support for certain broken MPEG files and thus will remain | |
224 like this for the foreseeable future. The <CODE>-demuxer</CODE> flag described | |
225 in the manpage may help you in these cases.</P> | |
226 | |
227 | |
228 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.2>2.1.2.2. WAV files</A></B></P> | |
229 | |
230 | |
231 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.3>2.1.2.3. OGG files (Vorbis)</A></B></P> | |
232 | |
233 <P>Requires properly installed <CODE>libogg</CODE> and | |
234 <CODE>libvorbis</CODE>.</P> | |
235 | |
236 | |
237 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.4>2.1.2.4. WMA/ASF files</A></B></P> | |
238 | |
239 | |
240 <P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.5>2.1.2.5. MP4 files</A></B></P> | |
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241 |
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242 </BODY> |
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243 </HTML> |