annotate libass/ass.c @ 30811:50e0f6942e43

Implement Win32 mutexes. Implement Win32 mutexes; they used to just be mapped on top of events, which is not the same thing at all. The implementation is pretty much the obvious one, similar to the current critical section implementation and the semaphore implementation; a single lock count protected by a pthread mutex, and an event lockers can sleep on to know when the mutex is available. Also make CreateMutexA and ReleaseMutex available even if QuickTime codecs support is not configured.

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Evgeniy Stepanov <[e-mail]>
 *
 * This file is part of libass.
 *
 * libass is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * libass is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with libass; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 */

#include "config.h"

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <inttypes.h>

#ifdef CONFIG_ICONV
#include <iconv.h>
#endif

#include "ass.h"
#include "ass_utils.h"
#include "ass_library.h"

typedef enum {
    PST_UNKNOWN = 0,
    PST_INFO,
    PST_STYLES,
    PST_EVENTS,
    PST_FONTS
} ParserState;

struct parser_priv {
    ParserState state;
    char *fontname;
    char *fontdata;
    int fontdata_size;
    int fontdata_used;
};

#define ASS_STYLES_ALLOC 20
#define ASS_EVENTS_ALLOC 200

void ass_free_track(ASS_Track *track)
{
    int i;

    if (track->parser_priv) {
        if (track->parser_priv->fontname)
            free(track->parser_priv->fontname);
        if (track->parser_priv->fontdata)
            free(track->parser_priv->fontdata);
        free(track->parser_priv);
    }
    if (track->style_format)
        free(track->style_format);
    if (track->event_format)
        free(track->event_format);
    if (track->styles) {
        for (i = 0; i < track->n_styles; ++i)
            ass_free_style(track, i);
        free(track->styles);
    }
    if (track->events) {
        for (i = 0; i < track->n_events; ++i)
            ass_free_event(track, i);
        free(track->events);
    }
    free(track->name);
    free(track);
}

/// \brief Allocate a new style struct
/// \param track track
/// \return style id
int ass_alloc_style(ASS_Track *track)
{
    int sid;

    assert(track->n_styles <= track->max_styles);

    if (track->n_styles == track->max_styles) {
        track->max_styles += ASS_STYLES_ALLOC;
        track->styles =
            (ASS_Style *) realloc(track->styles,
                                  sizeof(ASS_Style) *
                                  track->max_styles);
    }

    sid = track->n_styles++;
    memset(track->styles + sid, 0, sizeof(ASS_Style));
    return sid;
}

/// \brief Allocate a new event struct
/// \param track track
/// \return event id
int ass_alloc_event(ASS_Track *track)
{
    int eid;

    assert(track->n_events <= track->max_events);

    if (track->n_events == track->max_events) {
        track->max_events += ASS_EVENTS_ALLOC;
        track->events =
            (ASS_Event *) realloc(track->events,
                                  sizeof(ASS_Event) *
                                  track->max_events);
    }

    eid = track->n_events++;
    memset(track->events + eid, 0, sizeof(ASS_Event));
    return eid;
}

void ass_free_event(ASS_Track *track, int eid)
{
    ASS_Event *event = track->events + eid;
    if (event->Name)
        free(event->Name);
    if (event->Effect)
        free(event->Effect);
    if (event->Text)
        free(event->Text);
    if (event->render_priv)
        free(event->render_priv);
}

void ass_free_style(ASS_Track *track, int sid)
{
    ASS_Style *style = track->styles + sid;
    if (style->Name)
        free(style->Name);
    if (style->FontName)
        free(style->FontName);
}

// ==============================================================================================

static void skip_spaces(char **str)
{
    char *p = *str;
    while ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t'))
        ++p;
    *str = p;
}

static void rskip_spaces(char **str, char *limit)
{
    char *p = *str;
    while ((p >= limit) && ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t')))
        --p;
    *str = p;
}

/**
 * \brief find style by name
 * \param track track
 * \param name style name
 * \return index in track->styles
 * Returnes 0 if no styles found => expects at least 1 style.
 * Parsing code always adds "Default" style in the end.
 */
static int lookup_style(ASS_Track *track, char *name)
{
    int i;
    if (*name == '*')
        ++name;                 // FIXME: what does '*' really mean ?
    for (i = track->n_styles - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
        // FIXME: mb strcasecmp ?
        if (strcmp(track->styles[i].Name, name) == 0)
            return i;
    }
    i = track->default_style;
    ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_WARN,
            "[%p]: Warning: no style named '%s' found, using '%s'",
            track, name, track->styles[i].Name);
    return i;                   // use the first style
}

static uint32_t string2color(ASS_Library *library, char *p)
{
    uint32_t tmp;
    (void) strtocolor(library, &p, &tmp, 0);
    return tmp;
}

static long long string2timecode(ASS_Library *library, char *p)
{
    unsigned h, m, s, ms;
    long long tm;
    int res = sscanf(p, "%1d:%2d:%2d.%2d", &h, &m, &s, &ms);
    if (res < 4) {
        ass_msg(library, MSGL_WARN, "Bad timestamp");
        return 0;
    }
    tm = ((h * 60 + m) * 60 + s) * 1000 + ms * 10;
    return tm;
}

/**
 * \brief converts numpad-style align to align.
 */
static int numpad2align(int val)
{
    int res, v;
    v = (val - 1) / 3;          // 0, 1 or 2 for vertical alignment
    if (v != 0)
        v = 3 - v;
    res = ((val - 1) % 3) + 1;  // horizontal alignment
    res += v * 4;
    return res;
}

#define NEXT(str,token) \
	token = next_token(&str); \
	if (!token) break;

#define ANYVAL(name,func) \
	} else if (strcasecmp(tname, #name) == 0) { \
		target->name = func(token); \
		ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_DBG2, "%s = %s", #name, token);

#define STRVAL(name) \
	} else if (strcasecmp(tname, #name) == 0) { \
		if (target->name != NULL) free(target->name); \
		target->name = strdup(token); \
		ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_DBG2, "%s = %s", #name, token);

#define COLORVAL(name) \
	} else if (strcasecmp(tname, #name) == 0) { \
		target->name = string2color(track->library, token); \
		ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_DBG2, "%s = %s", #name, token);

#define INTVAL(name) ANYVAL(name,atoi)
#define FPVAL(name) ANYVAL(name,atof)
#define TIMEVAL(name) \
	} else if (strcasecmp(tname, #name) == 0) { \
		target->name = string2timecode(track->library, token); \
		ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_DBG2, "%s = %s", #name, token);

#define STYLEVAL(name) \
	} else if (strcasecmp(tname, #name) == 0) { \
		target->name = lookup_style(track, token); \
		ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_DBG2, "%s = %s", #name, token);

#define ALIAS(alias,name) \
	if (strcasecmp(tname, #alias) == 0) {tname = #name;}

static char *next_token(char **str)
{
    char *p = *str;
    char *start;
    skip_spaces(&p);
    if (*p == '\0') {
        *str = p;
        return 0;
    }
    start = p;                  // start of the token
    for (; (*p != '\0') && (*p != ','); ++p) {
    }
    if (*p == '\0') {
        *str = p;               // eos found, str will point to '\0' at exit
    } else {
        *p = '\0';
        *str = p + 1;           // ',' found, str will point to the next char (beginning of the next token)
    }
    --p;                        // end of current token
    rskip_spaces(&p, start);
    if (p < start)
        p = start;              // empty token
    else
        ++p;                    // the first space character, or '\0'
    *p = '\0';
    return start;
}

/**
 * \brief Parse the tail of Dialogue line
 * \param track track
 * \param event parsed data goes here
 * \param str string to parse, zero-terminated
 * \param n_ignored number of format options to skip at the beginning
*/
static int process_event_tail(ASS_Track *track, ASS_Event *event,
                              char *str, int n_ignored)
{
    char *token;
    char *tname;
    char *p = str;
    int i;
    ASS_Event *target = event;

    char *format = strdup(track->event_format);
    char *q = format;           // format scanning pointer

    if (track->n_styles == 0) {
        // add "Default" style to the end
        // will be used if track does not contain a default style (or even does not contain styles at all)
        int sid = ass_alloc_style(track);
        track->styles[sid].Name = strdup("Default");
        track->styles[sid].FontName = strdup("Arial");
    }

    for (i = 0; i < n_ignored; ++i) {
        NEXT(q, tname);
    }

    while (1) {
        NEXT(q, tname);
        if (strcasecmp(tname, "Text") == 0) {
            char *last;
            event->Text = strdup(p);
            if (*event->Text != 0) {
                last = event->Text + strlen(event->Text) - 1;
                if (last >= event->Text && *last == '\r')
                    *last = 0;
            }
            ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_DBG2, "Text = %s", event->Text);
            event->Duration -= event->Start;
            free(format);
            return 0;           // "Text" is always the last
        }
        NEXT(p, token);

        ALIAS(End, Duration)    // temporarily store end timecode in event->Duration
        if (0) {            // cool ;)
            INTVAL(Layer)
            STYLEVAL(Style)
            STRVAL(Name)
            STRVAL(Effect)
            INTVAL(MarginL)
            INTVAL(MarginR)
            INTVAL(MarginV)
            TIMEVAL(Start)
            TIMEVAL(Duration)
        }
    }
    free(format);
    return 1;
}

/**
 * \brief Parse command line style overrides (--ass-force-style option)
 * \param track track to apply overrides to
 * The format for overrides is [StyleName.]Field=Value
 */
void ass_process_force_style(ASS_Track *track)
{
    char **fs, *eq, *dt, *style, *tname, *token;
    ASS_Style *target;
    int sid;
    char **list = track->library->style_overrides;

    if (!list)
        return;

    for (fs = list; *fs; ++fs) {
        eq = strrchr(*fs, '=');
        if (!eq)
            continue;
        *eq = '\0';
        token = eq + 1;

        if (!strcasecmp(*fs, "PlayResX"))
            track->PlayResX = atoi(token);
        else if (!strcasecmp(*fs, "PlayResY"))
            track->PlayResY = atoi(token);
        else if (!strcasecmp(*fs, "Timer"))
            track->Timer = atof(token);
        else if (!strcasecmp(*fs, "WrapStyle"))
            track->WrapStyle = atoi(token);
        else if (!strcasecmp(*fs, "ScaledBorderAndShadow"))
            track->ScaledBorderAndShadow = parse_bool(token);
        else if (!strcasecmp(*fs, "Kerning"))
            track->Kerning = parse_bool(token);

        dt = strrchr(*fs, '.');
        if (dt) {
            *dt = '\0';
            style = *fs;
            tname = dt + 1;
        } else {
            style = NULL;
            tname = *fs;
        }
        for (sid = 0; sid < track->n_styles; ++sid) {
            if (style == NULL
                || strcasecmp(track->styles[sid].Name, style) == 0) {
                target = track->styles + sid;
                if (0) {
                    STRVAL(FontName)
                    COLORVAL(PrimaryColour)
                    COLORVAL(SecondaryColour)
                    COLORVAL(OutlineColour)
                    COLORVAL(BackColour)
                    FPVAL(FontSize)
                    INTVAL(Bold)
                    INTVAL(Italic)
                    INTVAL(Underline)
                    INTVAL(StrikeOut)
                    FPVAL(Spacing)
                    INTVAL(Angle)
                    INTVAL(BorderStyle)
                    INTVAL(Alignment)
                    INTVAL(MarginL)
                    INTVAL(MarginR)
                    INTVAL(MarginV)
                    INTVAL(Encoding)
                    FPVAL(ScaleX)
                    FPVAL(ScaleY)
                    FPVAL(Outline)
                    FPVAL(Shadow)
                }
            }
        }
        *eq = '=';
        if (dt)
            *dt = '.';
    }
}

/**
 * \brief Parse the Style line
 * \param track track
 * \param str string to parse, zero-terminated
 * Allocates a new style struct.
*/
static int process_style(ASS_Track *track, char *str)
{

    char *token;
    char *tname;
    char *p = str;
    char *format;
    char *q;                    // format scanning pointer
    int sid;
    ASS_Style *style;
    ASS_Style *target;

    if (!track->style_format) {
        // no style format header
        // probably an ancient script version
        if (track->track_type == TRACK_TYPE_SSA)
            track->style_format =
                strdup
                ("Name, Fontname, Fontsize, PrimaryColour, SecondaryColour,"
                 "TertiaryColour, BackColour, Bold, Italic, BorderStyle, Outline,"
                 "Shadow, Alignment, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, AlphaLevel, Encoding");
        else
            track->style_format =
                strdup
                ("Name, Fontname, Fontsize, PrimaryColour, SecondaryColour,"
                 "OutlineColour, BackColour, Bold, Italic, Underline, StrikeOut,"
                 "ScaleX, ScaleY, Spacing, Angle, BorderStyle, Outline, Shadow,"
                 "Alignment, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Encoding");
    }

    q = format = strdup(track->style_format);

    ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_V, "[%p] Style: %s", track, str);

    sid = ass_alloc_style(track);

    style = track->styles + sid;
    target = style;

    // fill style with some default values
    style->ScaleX = 100.;
    style->ScaleY = 100.;

    while (1) {
        NEXT(q, tname);
        NEXT(p, token);

        if (0) {                // cool ;)
            STRVAL(Name)
            if ((strcmp(target->Name, "Default") == 0)
                || (strcmp(target->Name, "*Default") == 0))
            track->default_style = sid;
            STRVAL(FontName)
            COLORVAL(PrimaryColour)
            COLORVAL(SecondaryColour)
            COLORVAL(OutlineColour) // TertiaryColor
            COLORVAL(BackColour)
            // SSA uses BackColour for both outline and shadow
            // this will destroy SSA's TertiaryColour, but i'm not going to use it anyway
            if (track->track_type == TRACK_TYPE_SSA)
                target->OutlineColour = target->BackColour;
            FPVAL(FontSize)
            INTVAL(Bold)
            INTVAL(Italic)
            INTVAL(Underline)
            INTVAL(StrikeOut)
            FPVAL(Spacing)
            INTVAL(Angle)
            INTVAL(BorderStyle)
            INTVAL(Alignment)
            if (track->track_type == TRACK_TYPE_ASS)
                target->Alignment = numpad2align(target->Alignment);
            INTVAL(MarginL)
            INTVAL(MarginR)
            INTVAL(MarginV)
            INTVAL(Encoding)
            FPVAL(ScaleX)
            FPVAL(ScaleY)
            FPVAL(Outline)
            FPVAL(Shadow)
        }
    }
    style->ScaleX /= 100.;
    style->ScaleY /= 100.;
    style->Bold = !!style->Bold;
    style->Italic = !!style->Italic;
    style->Underline = !!style->Underline;
    if (!style->Name)
        style->Name = strdup("Default");
    if (!style->FontName)
        style->FontName = strdup("Arial");
    // skip '@' at the start of the font name
    if (*style->FontName == '@') {
        p = style->FontName;
        style->FontName = strdup(p + 1);
        free(p);
    }
    free(format);
    return 0;

}

static int process_styles_line(ASS_Track *track, char *str)
{
    if (!strncmp(str, "Format:", 7)) {
        char *p = str + 7;
        skip_spaces(&p);
        track->style_format = strdup(p);
        ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_DBG2, "Style format: %s",
               track->style_format);
    } else if (!strncmp(str, "Style:", 6)) {
        char *p = str + 6;
        skip_spaces(&p);
        process_style(track, p);
    }
    return 0;
}

static int process_info_line(ASS_Track *track, char *str)
{
    if (!strncmp(str, "PlayResX:", 9)) {
        track->PlayResX = atoi(str + 9);
    } else if (!strncmp(str, "PlayResY:", 9)) {
        track->PlayResY = atoi(str + 9);
    } else if (!strncmp(str, "Timer:", 6)) {
        track->Timer = atof(str + 6);
    } else if (!strncmp(str, "WrapStyle:", 10)) {
        track->WrapStyle = atoi(str + 10);
    } else if (!strncmp(str, "ScaledBorderAndShadow:", 22)) {
        track->ScaledBorderAndShadow = parse_bool(str + 22);
    } else if (!strncmp(str, "Kerning:", 8)) {
        track->Kerning = parse_bool(str + 8);
    }
    return 0;
}

static void event_format_fallback(ASS_Track *track)
{
    track->parser_priv->state = PST_EVENTS;
    if (track->track_type == TRACK_TYPE_SSA)
        track->event_format = strdup("Format: Marked, Start, End, Style, "
            "Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text");
    else
        track->event_format = strdup("Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, "
            "Actor, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text");
    ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_V,
            "No event format found, using fallback");
}

static int process_events_line(ASS_Track *track, char *str)
{
    if (!strncmp(str, "Format:", 7)) {
        char *p = str + 7;
        skip_spaces(&p);
        track->event_format = strdup(p);
        ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_DBG2, "Event format: %s", track->event_format);
    } else if (!strncmp(str, "Dialogue:", 9)) {
        // This should never be reached for embedded subtitles.
        // They have slightly different format and are parsed in ass_process_chunk,
        // called directly from demuxer
        int eid;
        ASS_Event *event;

        str += 9;
        skip_spaces(&str);

        eid = ass_alloc_event(track);
        event = track->events + eid;

        // We can't parse events with event_format
        if (!track->event_format)
            event_format_fallback(track);

        process_event_tail(track, event, str, 0);
    } else {
        ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_V, "Not understood: '%s'", str);
    }
    return 0;
}

// Copied from mkvtoolnix
static unsigned char *decode_chars(unsigned char c1, unsigned char c2,
                                   unsigned char c3, unsigned char c4,
                                   unsigned char *dst, int cnt)
{
    uint32_t value;
    unsigned char bytes[3];
    int i;

    value =
        ((c1 - 33) << 18) + ((c2 - 33) << 12) + ((c3 - 33) << 6) + (c4 -
                                                                    33);
    bytes[2] = value & 0xff;
    bytes[1] = (value & 0xff00) >> 8;
    bytes[0] = (value & 0xff0000) >> 16;

    for (i = 0; i < cnt; ++i)
        *dst++ = bytes[i];
    return dst;
}

static int decode_font(ASS_Track *track)
{
    unsigned char *p;
    unsigned char *q;
    int i;
    int size;                   // original size
    int dsize;                  // decoded size
    unsigned char *buf = 0;

    ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_V, "Font: %d bytes encoded data",
            track->parser_priv->fontdata_used);
    size = track->parser_priv->fontdata_used;
    if (size % 4 == 1) {
        ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_ERR, "Bad encoded data size");
        goto error_decode_font;
    }
    buf = malloc(size / 4 * 3 + 2);
    q = buf;
    for (i = 0, p = (unsigned char *) track->parser_priv->fontdata;
         i < size / 4; i++, p += 4) {
        q = decode_chars(p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3], q, 3);
    }
    if (size % 4 == 2) {
        q = decode_chars(p[0], p[1], 0, 0, q, 1);
    } else if (size % 4 == 3) {
        q = decode_chars(p[0], p[1], p[2], 0, q, 2);
    }
    dsize = q - buf;
    assert(dsize <= size / 4 * 3 + 2);

    if (track->library->extract_fonts) {
        ass_add_font(track->library, track->parser_priv->fontname,
                     (char *) buf, dsize);
        buf = 0;
    }

  error_decode_font:
    if (buf)
        free(buf);
    free(track->parser_priv->fontname);
    free(track->parser_priv->fontdata);
    track->parser_priv->fontname = 0;
    track->parser_priv->fontdata = 0;
    track->parser_priv->fontdata_size = 0;
    track->parser_priv->fontdata_used = 0;
    return 0;
}

static int process_fonts_line(ASS_Track *track, char *str)
{
    int len;

    if (!strncmp(str, "fontname:", 9)) {
        char *p = str + 9;
        skip_spaces(&p);
        if (track->parser_priv->fontname) {
            decode_font(track);
        }
        track->parser_priv->fontname = strdup(p);
        ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_V, "Fontname: %s",
               track->parser_priv->fontname);
        return 0;
    }

    if (!track->parser_priv->fontname) {
        ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_V, "Not understood: '%s'", str);
        return 0;
    }

    len = strlen(str);
    if (len > 80) {
        ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_WARN, "Font line too long: %d, %s",
                len, str);
        return 0;
    }
    if (track->parser_priv->fontdata_used + len >
        track->parser_priv->fontdata_size) {
        track->parser_priv->fontdata_size += 100 * 1024;
        track->parser_priv->fontdata =
            realloc(track->parser_priv->fontdata,
                    track->parser_priv->fontdata_size);
    }
    memcpy(track->parser_priv->fontdata + track->parser_priv->fontdata_used,
           str, len);
    track->parser_priv->fontdata_used += len;

    return 0;
}

/**
 * \brief Parse a header line
 * \param track track
 * \param str string to parse, zero-terminated
*/
static int process_line(ASS_Track *track, char *str)
{
    if (!strncasecmp(str, "[Script Info]", 13)) {
        track->parser_priv->state = PST_INFO;
    } else if (!strncasecmp(str, "[V4 Styles]", 11)) {
        track->parser_priv->state = PST_STYLES;
        track->track_type = TRACK_TYPE_SSA;
    } else if (!strncasecmp(str, "[V4+ Styles]", 12)) {
        track->parser_priv->state = PST_STYLES;
        track->track_type = TRACK_TYPE_ASS;
    } else if (!strncasecmp(str, "[Events]", 8)) {
        track->parser_priv->state = PST_EVENTS;
    } else if (!strncasecmp(str, "[Fonts]", 7)) {
        track->parser_priv->state = PST_FONTS;
    } else {
        switch (track->parser_priv->state) {
        case PST_INFO:
            process_info_line(track, str);
            break;
        case PST_STYLES:
            process_styles_line(track, str);
            break;
        case PST_EVENTS:
            process_events_line(track, str);
            break;
        case PST_FONTS:
            process_fonts_line(track, str);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }

    // there is no explicit end-of-font marker in ssa/ass
    if ((track->parser_priv->state != PST_FONTS)
        && (track->parser_priv->fontname))
        decode_font(track);

    return 0;
}

static int process_text(ASS_Track *track, char *str)
{
    char *p = str;
    while (1) {
        char *q;
        while (1) {
            if ((*p == '\r') || (*p == '\n'))
                ++p;
            else if (p[0] == '\xef' && p[1] == '\xbb' && p[2] == '\xbf')
                p += 3;         // U+FFFE (BOM)
            else
                break;
        }
        for (q = p; ((*q != '\0') && (*q != '\r') && (*q != '\n')); ++q) {
        };
        if (q == p)
            break;
        if (*q != '\0')
            *(q++) = '\0';
        process_line(track, p);
        if (*q == '\0')
            break;
        p = q;
    }
    return 0;
}

/**
 * \brief Process a chunk of subtitle stream data.
 * \param track track
 * \param data string to parse
 * \param size length of data
*/
void ass_process_data(ASS_Track *track, char *data, int size)
{
    char *str = malloc(size + 1);

    memcpy(str, data, size);
    str[size] = '\0';

    ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_V, "Event: %s", str);
    process_text(track, str);
    free(str);
}

/**
 * \brief Process CodecPrivate section of subtitle stream
 * \param track track
 * \param data string to parse
 * \param size length of data
 CodecPrivate section contains [Stream Info] and [V4+ Styles] ([V4 Styles] for SSA) sections
*/
void ass_process_codec_private(ASS_Track *track, char *data, int size)
{
    ass_process_data(track, data, size);

    // probably an mkv produced by ancient mkvtoolnix
    // such files don't have [Events] and Format: headers
    if (!track->event_format)
        event_format_fallback(track);

    ass_process_force_style(track);
}

static int check_duplicate_event(ASS_Track *track, int ReadOrder)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < track->n_events - 1; ++i)   // ignoring last event, it is the one we are comparing with
        if (track->events[i].ReadOrder == ReadOrder)
            return 1;
    return 0;
}

/**
 * \brief Process a chunk of subtitle stream data. In Matroska, this contains exactly 1 event (or a commentary).
 * \param track track
 * \param data string to parse
 * \param size length of data
 * \param timecode starting time of the event (milliseconds)
 * \param duration duration of the event (milliseconds)
*/
void ass_process_chunk(ASS_Track *track, char *data, int size,
                       long long timecode, long long duration)
{
    char *str;
    int eid;
    char *p;
    char *token;
    ASS_Event *event;

    if (!track->event_format) {
        ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_WARN, "Event format header missing");
        return;
    }

    str = malloc(size + 1);
    memcpy(str, data, size);
    str[size] = '\0';
    ass_msg(track->library, MSGL_V, "Event at %" PRId64 ", +%" PRId64 ": %s",
           (int64_t) timecode, (int64_t) duration, str);

    eid = ass_alloc_event(track);
    event = track->events + eid;

    p = str;

    do {
        NEXT(p, token);
        event->ReadOrder = atoi(token);
        if (check_duplicate_event(track, event->ReadOrder))
            break;

        NEXT(p, token);
        event->Layer = atoi(token);

        process_event_tail(track, event, p, 3);

        event->Start = timecode;
        event->Duration = duration;

        free(str);
        return;
//              dump_events(tid);
    } while (0);
    // some error
    ass_free_event(track, eid);
    track->n_events--;
    free(str);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_ICONV
/** \brief recode buffer to utf-8
 * constraint: codepage != 0
 * \param data pointer to text buffer
 * \param size buffer size
 * \return a pointer to recoded buffer, caller is responsible for freeing it
**/
static char *sub_recode(ASS_Library *library, char *data, size_t size,
                        char *codepage)
{
    iconv_t icdsc;
    char *tocp = "UTF-8";
    char *outbuf;
    assert(codepage);

    {
        const char *cp_tmp = codepage;
#ifdef CONFIG_ENCA
        char enca_lang[3], enca_fallback[100];
        if (sscanf(codepage, "enca:%2s:%99s", enca_lang, enca_fallback) == 2
            || sscanf(codepage, "ENCA:%2s:%99s", enca_lang,
                      enca_fallback) == 2) {
            cp_tmp =
                ass_guess_buffer_cp(library, (unsigned char *) data, size,
                                    enca_lang, enca_fallback);
        }
#endif
        if ((icdsc = iconv_open(tocp, cp_tmp)) != (iconv_t) (-1)) {
            ass_msg(library, MSGL_V, "Opened iconv descriptor");
        } else
            ass_msg(library, MSGL_ERR, "Error opening iconv descriptor");
    }

    {
        size_t osize = size;
        size_t ileft = size;
        size_t oleft = size - 1;
        char *ip;
        char *op;
        size_t rc;
        int clear = 0;

        outbuf = malloc(osize);
        ip = data;
        op = outbuf;

        while (1) {
            if (ileft)
                rc = iconv(icdsc, &ip, &ileft, &op, &oleft);
            else {              // clear the conversion state and leave
                clear = 1;
                rc = iconv(icdsc, NULL, NULL, &op, &oleft);
            }
            if (rc == (size_t) (-1)) {
                if (errno == E2BIG) {
                    size_t offset = op - outbuf;
                    outbuf = (char *) realloc(outbuf, osize + size);
                    op = outbuf + offset;
                    osize += size;
                    oleft += size;
                } else {
                    ass_msg(library, MSGL_WARN, "Error recoding file");
                    return NULL;
                }
            } else if (clear)
                break;
        }
        outbuf[osize - oleft - 1] = 0;
    }

    if (icdsc != (iconv_t) (-1)) {
        (void) iconv_close(icdsc);
        icdsc = (iconv_t) (-1);
        ass_msg(library, MSGL_V, "Closed iconv descriptor");
    }

    return outbuf;
}
#endif                          // ICONV

/**
 * \brief read file contents into newly allocated buffer
 * \param fname file name
 * \param bufsize out: file size
 * \return pointer to file contents. Caller is responsible for its deallocation.
 */
static char *read_file(ASS_Library *library, char *fname, size_t *bufsize)
{
    int res;
    long sz;
    long bytes_read;
    char *buf;

    FILE *fp = fopen(fname, "rb");
    if (!fp) {
        ass_msg(library, MSGL_WARN,
                "ass_read_file(%s): fopen failed", fname);
        return 0;
    }
    res = fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
    if (res == -1) {
        ass_msg(library, MSGL_WARN,
                "ass_read_file(%s): fseek failed", fname);
        fclose(fp);
        return 0;
    }

    sz = ftell(fp);
    rewind(fp);

    if (sz > 10 * 1024 * 1024) {
        ass_msg(library, MSGL_INFO,
               "ass_read_file(%s): Refusing to load subtitles "
               "larger than 10MiB", fname);
        fclose(fp);
        return 0;
    }

    ass_msg(library, MSGL_V, "File size: %ld", sz);

    buf = malloc(sz + 1);
    assert(buf);
    bytes_read = 0;
    do {
        res = fread(buf + bytes_read, 1, sz - bytes_read, fp);
        if (res <= 0) {
            ass_msg(library, MSGL_INFO, "Read failed, %d: %s", errno,
                    strerror(errno));
            fclose(fp);
            free(buf);
            return 0;
        }
        bytes_read += res;
    } while (sz - bytes_read > 0);
    buf[sz] = '\0';
    fclose(fp);

    if (bufsize)
        *bufsize = sz;
    return buf;
}

/*
 * \param buf pointer to subtitle text in utf-8
 */
static ASS_Track *parse_memory(ASS_Library *library, char *buf)
{
    ASS_Track *track;
    int i;

    track = ass_new_track(library);

    // process header
    process_text(track, buf);

    // external SSA/ASS subs does not have ReadOrder field
    for (i = 0; i < track->n_events; ++i)
        track->events[i].ReadOrder = i;

    // there is no explicit end-of-font marker in ssa/ass
    if (track->parser_priv->fontname)
        decode_font(track);

    if (track->track_type == TRACK_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
        ass_free_track(track);
        return 0;
    }

    ass_process_force_style(track);

    return track;
}

/**
 * \brief Read subtitles from memory.
 * \param library libass library object
 * \param buf pointer to subtitles text
 * \param bufsize size of buffer
 * \param codepage recode buffer contents from given codepage
 * \return newly allocated track
*/
ASS_Track *ass_read_memory(ASS_Library *library, char *buf,
                           size_t bufsize, char *codepage)
{
    ASS_Track *track;
    int need_free = 0;

    if (!buf)
        return 0;

#ifdef CONFIG_ICONV
    if (codepage) {
        buf = sub_recode(library, buf, bufsize, codepage);
        if (!buf)
            return 0;
        else
            need_free = 1;
    }
#endif
    track = parse_memory(library, buf);
    if (need_free)
        free(buf);
    if (!track)
        return 0;

    ass_msg(library, MSGL_INFO, "Added subtitle file: "
            "<memory> (%d styles, %d events)",
            track->n_styles, track->n_events);
    return track;
}

static char *read_file_recode(ASS_Library *library, char *fname,
                              char *codepage, size_t *size)
{
    char *buf;
    size_t bufsize;

    buf = read_file(library, fname, &bufsize);
    if (!buf)
        return 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_ICONV
    if (codepage) {
        char *tmpbuf = sub_recode(library, buf, bufsize, codepage);
        free(buf);
        buf = tmpbuf;
    }
    if (!buf)
        return 0;
#endif
    *size = bufsize;
    return buf;
}

/**
 * \brief Read subtitles from file.
 * \param library libass library object
 * \param fname file name
 * \param codepage recode buffer contents from given codepage
 * \return newly allocated track
*/
ASS_Track *ass_read_file(ASS_Library *library, char *fname,
                         char *codepage)
{
    char *buf;
    ASS_Track *track;
    size_t bufsize;

    buf = read_file_recode(library, fname, codepage, &bufsize);
    if (!buf)
        return 0;
    track = parse_memory(library, buf);
    free(buf);
    if (!track)
        return 0;

    track->name = strdup(fname);

    ass_msg(library, MSGL_INFO,
            "Added subtitle file: '%s' (%d styles, %d events)",
            fname, track->n_styles, track->n_events);

    return track;
}

/**
 * \brief read styles from file into already initialized track
 */
int ass_read_styles(ASS_Track *track, char *fname, char *codepage)
{
    char *buf;
    ParserState old_state;
    size_t sz;

    buf = read_file(track->library, fname, &sz);
    if (!buf)
        return 1;
#ifdef CONFIG_ICONV
    if (codepage) {
        char *tmpbuf;
        tmpbuf = sub_recode(track->library, buf, sz, codepage);
        free(buf);
        buf = tmpbuf;
    }
    if (!buf)
        return 0;
#endif

    old_state = track->parser_priv->state;
    track->parser_priv->state = PST_STYLES;
    process_text(track, buf);
    track->parser_priv->state = old_state;

    return 0;
}

long long ass_step_sub(ASS_Track *track, long long now, int movement)
{
    int i;

    if (movement == 0)
        return 0;
    if (track->n_events == 0)
        return 0;

    if (movement < 0)
        for (i = 0;
             (i < track->n_events)
             &&
             ((long long) (track->events[i].Start +
                           track->events[i].Duration) <= now); ++i) {
    } else
        for (i = track->n_events - 1;
             (i >= 0) && ((long long) (track->events[i].Start) > now);
             --i) {
        }

    // -1 and n_events are ok
    assert(i >= -1);
    assert(i <= track->n_events);
    i += movement;
    if (i < 0)
        i = 0;
    if (i >= track->n_events)
        i = track->n_events - 1;
    return ((long long) track->events[i].Start) - now;
}

ASS_Track *ass_new_track(ASS_Library *library)
{
    ASS_Track *track = calloc(1, sizeof(ASS_Track));
    track->library = library;
    track->ScaledBorderAndShadow = 1;
    track->parser_priv = calloc(1, sizeof(ASS_ParserPriv));
    return track;
}