annotate DOCS/xml/it/mencoder.xml @ 23829:821b86d08338

a bunch of corrections, suggested by Nico Sabbi, tnx
author ptt
date Mon, 23 Jul 2007 16:57:23 +0000
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children 71a72ba548d3
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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2 <!-- synced with r23342 -->
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3 <chapter id="mencoder">
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4 <title>Utilizzo base di <application>MEncoder</application></title>
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5
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6 <para>
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7 Per la lista completa delle opzioni disponibili ed esempi per
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8 <application>MEncoder</application>, leggi per favore la pagina di manuale. Per
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9 una serie di esempi pronti all'uso e guide dettagliate sull'utilizzo di
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10 svariati parametri di codifica leggi le
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11 <ulink url="../../tech/encoding-tips.txt">indicazioni per la codifica</ulink>
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12 che sono stati selezionati da vari thread sulla mailing list MPlayer-users.
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13 Cerca
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14 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/pipermail/mencoder-users/">qui</ulink>
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15 negli archivi e soprattutto per cose più vecchie, anche
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16 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/pipermail/mplayer-users/">qui</ulink> per
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17 una buona serie di discussioni riguardanti tutti gli aspetti e i problemi
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18 relativi alla codifica con <application>MEncoder</application>.
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19 </para>
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20
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21
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22 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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23
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24
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25 <sect1 id="menc-feat-selecting-codec">
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26 <title>Selezionare codec e formati contenitore</title>
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27
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28 <para>
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29 I codec audio e video per la codifica vengono selezionati rispettivamente con
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30 le opzioni <option>-oac</option> e <option>-ovc</option>.
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31 Esegui per esempio:
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32 <screen>mencoder -ovc help</screen>
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33 per elencare tutti i codec video supportati dalla versione di
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34 <application>MEncoder</application> sul tuo sistema.
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35 Sono disponibili le scelte seguenti:
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36 </para>
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37
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38 <para>
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39 Codec audio:
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40 <informaltable frame="all">
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41 <tgroup cols="2">
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42 <thead>
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43 <row><entry>Nome codec audio</entry><entry>Descrizione</entry></row>
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44 </thead>
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45 <tbody>
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46 <row>
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47 <entry>mp3lame</entry>
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48 <entry>codifica in MP3 VBR, ABR o CBR MP3 tramite LAME</entry>
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49 </row>
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50 <row>
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51 <entry>lavc</entry>
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52 <entry>usa uno dei codec audio di
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53 <link linkend="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-audio-codecs"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link></entry>
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54 </row>
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55 <row>
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56 <entry>faac</entry>
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57 <entry>codificatore audio FAAC AAC</entry>
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58 </row>
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59 <row>
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60 <entry>toolame</entry>
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61 <entry>codificatore MPEG Audio Layer 2</entry>
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62 </row>
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63 <row>
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64 <entry>twolame</entry>
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65 <entry>codificatore MPEG Audio Layer 2 basato su tooLAME</entry>
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66 </row>
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67 <row>
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68 <entry>pcm</entry>
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69 <entry>audio PCM non compresso</entry>
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70 </row>
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71 <row>
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72 <entry>copy</entry>
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73 <entry>non ricodifica, copia solo il flusso compresso</entry>
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74 </row>
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75 </tbody>
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76 </tgroup>
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77 </informaltable>
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78 </para>
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79
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80 <para>
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81 Codec video:
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82 <informaltable frame="all">
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83 <tgroup cols="2">
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84 <thead>
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85 <row><entry>Nome codec video</entry><entry>Descrizione</entry></row>
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86 </thead>
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87 <tbody>
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88 <row>
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89 <entry>lavc</entry>
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90 <entry>usa uno dei codec video di <link linkend="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-video-codecs"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link></entry>
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91 </row>
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92 <row>
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93 <entry>xvid</entry>
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94 <entry>Xvid, codec MPEG-4 Advanced Simple Profile (ASP)</entry>
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95 </row>
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96 <row>
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97 <entry>x264</entry>
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98 <entry>x264, codec MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC), AKA H.264</entry>
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99 </row>
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100 <row>
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101 <entry>nuv</entry>
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102 <entry>nuppel video, utilizzato da alcune applicazioni in tempo reale</entry>
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103 </row>
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104 <row>
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105 <entry>raw</entry>
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106 <entry>fotogrammi video non compressi</entry>
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107 </row>
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108 <row>
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109 <entry>copy</entry>
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110 <entry>non ricodifica, copia solo il flusso compresso</entry>
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111 </row>
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112 <row>
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113 <entry>frameno</entry>
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114 <entry>usato per codifica a 3 passaggi (non consigliato)</entry>
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115 </row>
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116 </tbody>
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117 </tgroup>
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118 </informaltable>
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119 </para>
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120
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121 <para>
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122 I formati contenitore di uscita si selezionano con l'opzione
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123 <option>-of</option>.
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124 Scrivi:
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125 <screen>mencoder -of help</screen>
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126 per elencare tutti i contenitori supportati dalla versione di
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127 <application>MEncoder</application> sul tuo sistema.
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128 Sono disponibili le scelte seguenti:
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129 </para>
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130
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131 <para>
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132 Formati contenitore:
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133 <informaltable frame="all">
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134 <tgroup cols="2">
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135 <thead>
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136 <row><entry>Nome formato contenitore</entry><entry>Descrizione</entry></row>
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137 </thead>
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138 <tbody>
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139 <row>
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140 <entry>lavf</entry>
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141 <entry>uno dei contenitori supportati da
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142 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem></entry>
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143 </row>
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144 <row>
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145 <entry>avi</entry>
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146 <entry>Audio-Video Interleaved</entry>
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147 </row>
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148 <row>
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149 <entry>mpeg</entry>
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150 <entry>MPEG-1 e MPEG-2 PS</entry>
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151 </row>
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152 <row>
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153 <entry>rawvideo</entry>
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154 <entry>flusso video grezzo (nessun mux - solo un flusso video)</entry>
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155 </row>
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156 <row>
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157 <entry>rawaudio</entry>
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158 <entry>flusso audio grezzo (nessun mux - solo un flusso audio)</entry>
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159 </row>
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160 </tbody>
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161 </tgroup>
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162 </informaltable>
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163 Il contenitore AVI è il formato contenitore nativo per
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164 <application>MEncoder</application>, il che significa che è quello meglio
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165 gestito e quello per cui <application>MEncoder</application> è stato
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166 progettato.
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167 Come su specificato, si possono utilizzare altri formati contenitore, ma
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168 potresti avere qualche problema utilizzandoli.
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169 </para>
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170
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171 <para>
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172 Contenitori <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>:
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173 </para>
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174
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175 <para>
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176 Se hai impostato <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> per fare
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177 il mux del file di uscita (usando <option>-of lavf</option>), il giusto formato
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178 contenitore verrà determinato dall'estensione del file di uscita.
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179 Puoi forzare un formato contenitore specifico con l'opzione
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180 <option>format</option> di <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>.
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181
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182 <informaltable frame="all">
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183 <tgroup cols="2">
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184 <thead>
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185 <row><entry>nome contenitore <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem></entry>
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186 <entry>Descrizione</entry>
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187 </row></thead>
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188 <tbody>
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189 <row>
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190 <entry>mpg</entry>
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191 <entry>MPEG-1 e MPEG-2 PS</entry>
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192 </row>
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193 <row>
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194 <entry>asf</entry>
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195 <entry>Advanced Streaming Format</entry>
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196 </row>
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197 <row>
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198 <entry>avi</entry>
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199 <entry>Audio-Video Interleaved</entry>
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200 </row>
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201 <row>
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202 <entry>wav</entry>
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203 <entry>Audio Waveform</entry>
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204 </row>
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205 <row>
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206 <entry>swf</entry>
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207 <entry>Macromedia Flash</entry>
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208 </row>
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209 <row>
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210 <entry>flv</entry>
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211 <entry>Macromedia Flash video</entry>
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212 </row>
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213 <row>
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214 <entry>rm</entry>
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215 <entry>RealMedia</entry>
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216 </row>
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217 <row>
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218 <entry>au</entry>
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219 <entry>SUN AU</entry>
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220 </row>
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221 <row>
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222 <entry>nut</entry>
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223 <entry>contenitore "aperto" NUT (sperimentale e non ancora spec-compliant)</entry>
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224 </row>
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225 <row>
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226 <entry>mov</entry>
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227 <entry>QuickTime</entry>
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228 </row>
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229 <row>
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230 <entry>mp4</entry>
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231 <entry>formato MPEG-4</entry>
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232 </row>
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233 <row>
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234 <entry>dv</entry>
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235 <entry>contenitore Sony Digital Video</entry>
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236 </row>
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237 </tbody>
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238 </tgroup>
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239 </informaltable>
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240 Come puoi notare, <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> permette
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241 a <application>MEncoder</application> di fare il mux in una buona quantità
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242 di contenitori.
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243 Sfortunatamente, dato che <application>MEncoder</application> non è stato
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244 progettato dall'inizio per supportare formati contenitore diversi da AVI,
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245 dovresti essere piuttosto paranoici riguardo al file risultante.
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246 Assicurati per favore che la sincronizzazione audio/video sia OK e che il file
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247 possa essere riprodotto correttamente da altri programmi oltre a
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248 <application>MPlayer</application>.
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249 </para>
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250
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251 <example id="encode_to_macromedia_flash_format">
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252 <title>codificare nel formato Macromedia Flash</title>
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253 <para>
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254 Creare un video Macromedia Flash che sia riproducibile in un browser internet
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255 con il plugin Macromedia Flash:
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256 <screen>
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257 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.flv</replaceable> -of lavf \
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258 -oac mp3lame -lameopts abr:br=56 -srate 22050 -ovc lavc \
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259 -lavcopts vcodec=flv:vbitrate=500:mbd=2:mv0:trell:v4mv:cbp:last_pred=3
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260 </screen>
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261 </para>
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262 </example>
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263
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264 </sect1>
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265
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266
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267 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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268
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269
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270 <sect1 id="menc-feat-selecting-input">
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271 <title>Selezionare il file in ingresso o il dispositivo</title>
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272
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273 <para>
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274 <application>MEncoder</application> può codificare da file o direttamente da
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275 un disco DVD o VCD.
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276 Includi semplicemente nella riga comando il nome file per codificare dal file
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277 stesso, oppure <option>dvd://</option><replaceable>numero_titolo</replaceable>
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278 o <option>vcd://</option><replaceable>numero_traccia</replaceable> per
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279 codificare da un titolo DVD o da una traccia VCD.
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280 Se hai già copiato un DVD sul tuo disco fisso (puoi usare uno strumento come
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281 <application>dvdbackup</application>, disponibile per la maggior parte dei
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282 sistemi) e desideri codificare da tale copia, dovresti ancora usare la sintassi
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283 <option>dvd://</option>, insieme con <option>-dvd-device</option> seguita dal
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284 percorso della radice del DVD copiato.
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285
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286 Le opzioni <option>-dvd-device</option> e <option>-cdrom-device</option>
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287 possono anche essere usate per reimpostare i percorsi dei dispositivi al fine
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288 di leggere direttamente dal disco, se i valori di default
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289 <filename>/dev/dvd</filename> e <filename>/dev/cdrom</filename> non funzionano
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290 sul tuo sistema.
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291 </para>
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292
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293 <para>
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294 Durante la codifica da DVD, spesso si vogliono selezionare un capitolo o una
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295 serie di capitoli da codificare.
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296 Per questo fine puoi usare l'opzione <option>-chapter</option>.
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297 Per esempio, <option>-chapter</option> <replaceable>1-4</replaceable>
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298 codificherà solo i capitoli dall'1 al 4 dal DVD.
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299 Questo è particolarmente utile se vuoi fare una codifica in 1400 MB destinata
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300 a due CD, visto che puoi esser sicuro che il punto di divisione sia proprio tra
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301 un capitolo e l'altro invece che a metà di una scena.
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302 </para>
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303
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304 <para>
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305 Se hai una scheda di acquisizione TV supportata, puoi anche codificare dal
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306 dispositivo di ingresso TV.
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307 Usa <option>tv://</option><replaceable>numero_canale</replaceable> come
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308 nome file e <option>-tv</option> per configurare varie opzioni di acquisizione.
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309 L'ingresso DVB funziona in modo simile.
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310 </para>
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311 </sect1>
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312
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313
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314 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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315
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316
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317 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg4">
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318 <title>Codificare MPEG-4 ("DivX") in due passaggi</title>
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319
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320 <para>
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321 La definizione viene dal fatto che questo metodo codifica il file
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322 <emphasis>due volte</emphasis>. La prima codifica (dubbed pass) genera alcuni
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323 file temporanei (<filename>*.log</filename>) con una dimensione di pochi
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324 megabyte, non cancellarli dopo il primo passaggio (puoi cancellare l'AVI o
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325 meglio ancora non creare alcun video ridirezionandolo verso
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326 <filename>/dev/null</filename>).
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327 Nel secondo passaggio viene creato il secondo file di output, usando i dati
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328 del bitrate presi dai file temporanei. Il file risultante avrà una qualità
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329 dell'immagine decisamente migliore. Se questa è la prima volta che senti
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330 parlare di quasta cosa ti conviene leggere qualcuna delle guide disponibili su
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331 internet.
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332 </para>
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333
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334 <example id="copy_audio_track">
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335 <title>copiare la traccia audio</title>
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336 <para>
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337 La codifica in due passaggi della seconda traccia di un DVD in un AVI MPEG-4
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338 ("DivX") copiando la traccia audio.
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339 <screen>
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340 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac copy -o /dev/null
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341 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 \
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342 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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343 </screen>
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344 </para>
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345 </example>
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346
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347 <example id="encode_audio_track">
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348 <title>codificare la traccia audio</title>
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349 <para>
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350 La codifica in due passaggi della seconda traccia di un DVD in un AVI MPEG-4
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351 ("DivX") codificando la traccia audio in MP3.
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352 Fai attenzione se usi questo metodo, dato che in alcuni casi può portare
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353 desincronizzazione audio/video.
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parents:
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354 <screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
355 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
356 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o /dev/null
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
357 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
358 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
359 </screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
360 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
361 </example>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
362 </sect1>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
363
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
364
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
365 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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ptt
parents:
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366
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
367
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
368 <sect1 id="menc-feat-handheld-psp">
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
369 <title>Codificare nel formato video per Sony PSP</title>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
370
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
371 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
372 <application>MEncoder</application> fornisce la codifica in formato video Sony
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
373 PSP, ma, relativamente alla revisione del software PSP, i vincoli possono
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ptt
parents:
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374 essere diverse.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
375 Dovresti accertarti di rispettare i seguenti vincoli:
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
376 <itemizedlist>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
377 <listitem><para>
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378 <emphasis role="bold">Bitrate</emphasis>: non dovrebbe oltrepassare i
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ptt
parents:
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379 1500kbps, tuttavia, versioni precedenti supportavano quasi ogni frequenza a
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
380 patto che l'intestazione non dicesse che era troppo alta.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
381 </para></listitem>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
382 <listitem><para>
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ptt
parents:
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383 <emphasis role="bold">Dimensioni</emphasis>: la larghezza e l'altezza del
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ptt
parents:
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384 video PSP dovrebbero essere multipli di 16 e il prodotto larghezza * altezza
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ptt
parents:
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385 dovrebbe essere &lt;= 64000.
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386 In alcune circostanze, potrebbe essere possibile che la PSP riproduca
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
387 risoluzioni più grandi.
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ptt
parents:
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388 </para></listitem>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
389 <listitem><para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
390 <emphasis role="bold">Audio</emphasis>: la frequenza dovrebbe essere 24kHz
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ptt
parents:
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391 per video MPEG-4, e 48kHz per H.264.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
392 </para></listitem>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
393 </itemizedlist>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
394 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
395
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
396 <example id="encode_for_psp">
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
397 <title>codificare per PSP</title>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
398 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
399 <screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
400 mencoder -ofps 30000/1001 -af lavcresample=24000 -vf harddup -of lavf \
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
401 -oac lavc -ovc lavc -lavcopts aglobal=1:vglobal=1:vcodec=mpeg4:acodec=aac \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
402 -lavfopts format=psp:i_certify_that_my_video_stream_does_not_use_b_frames \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
403 <replaceable>input.video</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.psp</replaceable>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
404 </screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
405 Nota che puoi impostare il titolo del video con
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
406 <option>-info name=<replaceable>TitoloFilmato</replaceable></option>.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
407 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
408 </example>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
409 </sect1>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
410
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
411
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
412 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
413
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
414
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
415 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg">
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
416 <title>Codificare in formato MPEG</title>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
417
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
418 <para>
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419 <application>MEncoder</application> può generare file nel formato di output
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
420 MPEG (MPEG-PS).
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
421 Di solito, quando stai usando video MPEG-1 o MPEG-2, è perché stai codificando
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
422 per un formato vincolato come SVCD, VCD, o DVD.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
423 Le richieste specifiche per questi formati sono spiegate nella sezione
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
424 <link linkend="menc-feat-vcd-dvd">creazione di VCD e DVD</link>.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
425 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
426
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
427 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
428 Per modificare il formato file di uscita di <application>MEncoder</application>,
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
429 usa l'opzione <option>-of mpeg</option>.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
430 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
431
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
432 <informalexample>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
433 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
434 Esempio:
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
435 <screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
436 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -of mpeg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video \
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
437 -oac copy <replaceable>altre_opzioni</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.mpg</replaceable>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
438 </screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
439 Creare un file MPEG-1 che possa essere riprodotto da sistemi con un supporto
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
440 multimediale minimale, come l'installazione di default di Windows:
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
441 <screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
442 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -of mpeg -mpegopts format=mpeg1:tsaf:muxrate=2000 \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
443 -o <replaceable>output.mpg</replaceable> -oac lavc -lavcoptc acodec=mp2:abitrate=224 -ovc lavc \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
444 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video:vbitrate=1152:keyint=15:mbd=2:aspect=4/3
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
445 </screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
446 Lo stesso, ma usando il muxer MPEG di
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
447 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>:
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
448 <screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
449 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -o <replaceable>VCD.mpg</replaceable> -ofps 25 -vf scale=352:288,harddup -of lavf \
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
450 -lavfopts format=mpg:i_certify_that_my_video_stream_does_not_use_b_frames \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
451 -oac lavc -lavcopts acodec=mp2:abitrate=224 -ovc lavc \
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
452 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video:vrc_buf_size=327:keyint=15:vrc_maxrate=1152:vbitrate=1152:vmax_b_frames=0
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
453 </screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
454 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
455 </informalexample>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
456
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
457 <note><title>Consiglio:</title>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
458 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
459 Se per qualche motivo la qualità video del secondo passaggio non ti soddisfa,
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ptt
parents: 23827
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460 puoi rilanciare la tua codifica video con un diverso bitrate di uscita,
821b86d08338 a bunch of corrections, suggested by Nico Sabbi, tnx
ptt
parents: 23827
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461 sempre che tu abbia tenuto i file con le statistiche del passaggio precedente.
23827
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
462 Questo è possbilie dato che l'obiettivo principale del file delle statistiche
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
463 è registrarsi la complessità di ciascun frame, che non dipende direttamente
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parents: 23827
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464 dal bitrate. Dovresti tuttavia essere consapevole che otterrai i risultati
821b86d08338 a bunch of corrections, suggested by Nico Sabbi, tnx
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parents: 23827
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465 migliori se tutti i passaggi sono eseguiti con bitrate non troppo diversi tra
23827
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
466 loro.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
467 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
468 </note>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
469 </sect1>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
470
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
471
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
472 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
473
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
474
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
475 <sect1 id="menc-feat-rescale">
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
476 <title>Ridimensionare filmati</title>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
477
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
478 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
479 Spesso emerge la necessità di ridimensionare le immagini del filmato.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
480 Le ragioni possono essere molte: diminuire la dimensione del file, la banda di
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
481 rete, etc... Molte persone ridimensionano anche quando convertono DVD o CVD in
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
482 AVI DivX. Se desideri ridimensionare, leggi la sezione
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
483 <link linkend="aspect">Preservare il rapporto di aspetto</link>.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
484 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
485
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
486 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
487 Il processo di ridimensionamento è gestito dal filtro video
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
488 <literal>scale</literal>:
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
489 <option>-vf scale=<replaceable>larghezza</replaceable>:<replaceable>altezza</replaceable></option>.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
490 La sua qualità può essere impostata con l'opzione <option>-sws</option>.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
491 Se non è specificato, <application>MEncoder</application> userà 2: bicubico.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
492 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
493
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
494 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
495 Uso:
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
496 <screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
497 mencoder <replaceable>input.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell \
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
498 -vf scale=640:480 -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
499 </screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
500 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
501 </sect1>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
502
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
503
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
504 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
505
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
506
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
507 <sect1 id="menc-feat-streamcopy">
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
508 <title>Copia dei flussi</title>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
509
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
510 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
511 <application>MEncoder</application> può gestire i flussi in ingresso in due
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
512 modi: <emphasis role="bold">codifica</emphasis> o
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
513 <emphasis role="bold">copia</emphasis>. Questa sezione tratta la
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
514 <emphasis role="bold">copia</emphasis>.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
515 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
516
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
517 <itemizedlist>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
518 <listitem><para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
519 <emphasis role="bold">Flussi video</emphasis> (opzione <option>-ovc copy</option>):
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
520 si possono fare delle cose carine :) Come infilare (senza converzione!) video
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
521 FLI o VIVO o MPEG-1 in un file AVI! Di sicuro solo
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
522 <application>MPlayer</application> può riprodurre file siffatti :)
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
523 E probabilmente non ha alcuna utilità. Razionalmente: la copia dei flussi
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
524 video può essere utile per esempio quando si deve codificare solo il flusso
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
525 audio (come da PCM non compresso a MP3).
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
526 </para></listitem>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
527 <listitem><para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
528 <emphasis role="bold">Flussi audio</emphasis> (opzione <option>-oac copy</option>):
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
529 direttamente. E' possibile prendere un file audio esterno (MP3, WAV) e farne
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
530 il mux nel flusso di uscita. Usa l'opzione
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
531 <option>-audiofile <replaceable>nomefile</replaceable></option> per farlo.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
532 </para></listitem>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
533 </itemizedlist>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
534
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
535 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
536 Usare <option>-oac copy</option> per copiare da un formato contenitore ad un
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
537 altro potrebbe richiedere l'utilizzo di <option>-fafmttag</option> per
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
538 conservare l'etichetta del formato audio del file di partenza.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
539 Per esempio, se stai convertendo un file NSV con audio AAC a un contenitore AVI,
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
540 l'etichetta del formato audio sarà sbagliata e bisognerà modificarla.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
541 Per una lista delle etichette dei formati audio, controlla
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
542 <filename>codecs.conf</filename>.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
543 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
544
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
545 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
546 Esempio:
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
547 <screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
548 mencoder <replaceable>input.nsv</replaceable> -oac copy -fafmttag 0x706D \
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
549 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
550 </screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
551 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
552 </sect1>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
553
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
554
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
555 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
556
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
557
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
558 <sect1 id="menc-feat-enc-images">
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
559 <title>Codificare file immagine multipli (JPEG, PNG, TGA, etc.)</title>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
560
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
561 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
562 <application>MEncoder</application> è in grado di creare filmati da uno o più
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
563 file immagine JPEG, PNG, TGA o altri. Con una semplioce copia fotogrammi può
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
564 creare file MJPEG (Motion JPEG), MPNG (Motion PNG) o MTGA (Motion TGA).
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
565 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
566
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
567 <orderedlist>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
568 <title>Spiegazione del processo:</title>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
569 <listitem><para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
570 <application>MEncoder</application> <emphasis>decodifica</emphasis> le
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
571 immagini in entrata con <systemitem class="library">libjpeg</systemitem>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
572 (decodificando PNG, userà <systemitem class="library">libpng</systemitem>).
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
573 </para></listitem>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
574 <listitem><para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
575 <application>MEncoder</application> passa poi le immagini decodificate al
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
576 compressore video scelto (DivX4, Xvid, FFmpeg msmpeg4, etc.).
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
577 </para></listitem>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
578 </orderedlist>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
579
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
580 <formalpara>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
581 <title>Esempi</title>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
582 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
583 La spiegazione dell'opzione <option>-mf</option> è nella pagina man.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
584
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
585 <informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
586 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
587 Creare un file MPEG-4 da tutti i file JPEG nella directory corrente:
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
588 <screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
589 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc \
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
590 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
591 </screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
592 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
593 </informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
594
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
595 <informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
596 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
597 Creare un file MPEG-4 da alcuni file JPEG nella directory corrente:
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
598 <screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
599 mencoder mf://<replaceable>frame001.jpg,frame002.jpg</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg \
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
600 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
601 </screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
602 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
603 </informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
604
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
605 <informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
606 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
607 Creare un file MPEG-4 da una lista definita di file JPEG (lista.txt nella
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
608 directory corrente contiene la lista dei file da usare come sorgente, uno per
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
609 riga):
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
610 <screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
611 mencoder mf://<replaceable>@lista.txt</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg \
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
612 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
613 </screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
614 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
615 </informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
616
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
617 Puoi mescolare diversi tipi di immagine, senza considerare il metodo che usi
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
618 &mdash; nomi file singoli, wildcard o file da una lista &mdash; posto ovviamente
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
619 che abbiano la stessa dimensione.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
620 Per cui puoi per es. prendere il fotogramma dei titoli da un file PNG e poi
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
621 fare una presentazione delle tue foto in JPEG.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
622
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
623 <informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
624 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
625 Creare un file Motion JPEG (MJPEG) da tutti i file JPEG nella directory
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
626 corrente:
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
627 <screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
628 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
629 </screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
630 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
631 </informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
632
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
633 <informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
634 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
635 Creare un file non compresso da tutti i file PNG nella directory corrente:
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
636 <screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
637 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
638 </screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
639 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
640 </informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
641
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
642 <note><para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
643 La larghezza deve essere un intero multipli di 4, è una limitazione del
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
644 formato grezzo RAW RGB AVI.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
645 </para></note>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
646
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
647 <informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
648 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
649 Creare un file Motion PNG (MPNG) da tutti i file PNG nella directory corrente:
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
650 <screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
651 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable><!--
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
652 --></screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
653 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
654 </informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
655
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
656 <informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
657 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
658 Creare un file Motion TGA (MTGA) da tutti i file TGA nella directory corrente:
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
659 <screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
660 mencoder mf://*.tga -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=tga -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable><!--
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
661 --></screen>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
662 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
663 </informalexample>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
664 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
665 </formalpara>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
666 </sect1>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
667
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
668
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
669 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
670
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
671
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
672 <sect1 id="menc-feat-extractsub">
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
673 <title>Estrarre sottotitoli DVD in un file VOBsub</title>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
674
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
675 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
676 <application>MEncoder</application> è in grado di estrarre i sottotitoli da un
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
677 DVD in file formattati VOBsub. Essi sono composti da una coppia di file che
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
678 terminano in <filename>.idx</filename> e <filename>.sub</filename> e sono
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
679 solitamente compressi in un singolo archivio <filename>.rar</filename>.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
680 <application>MPlayer</application> può riprodurli con le opzioni
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
681 <option>-vobsub</option> e <option>-vobsubid</option>.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
682 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
683
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
684 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
685 Specifica il nome di base (per es. senza l'estensione <filename>.idx</filename>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
686 o <filename>.sub</filename>) del file di uscita con <option>-vobsubout</option>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
687 e l'indice per questo sottotitolo nel file risultante con
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
688 <option>-vobsuboutindex</option>.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
689 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
690
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
691 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
692 Se i dati in entrata non arrivano da un DVD usa <option>-ifo</option> per
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
693 indicare il file <filename>.ifo</filename> che serve per costruire il
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
694 risultante file <filename>.idx</filename>.
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
695 </para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
696
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
697 <para>
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
698 Se i dati in entrata non arrivano da un DVD e non hai il file
79bed8bf80f4 now it's synced, to r23342
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
699 <filename>.ifo</filename> dovrai usare l'opzione <option>-vobsubid</option> per
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
700 impostare l'id della lingua da scrivere nel file <filename>.idx</filename>.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
701 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
702
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
703 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
704 Se esistono già i file <filename>.idx</filename> e <filename>.sub</filename>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
705 ogni esecuzione aggiungerà il sottotitolo selezionato. Perciò dovresti
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
706 cancellarli prima di iniziare.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
707 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
708
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
709 <example id="copying_two_subtitles_from_a_dvd_while_doing_two_pass_encoding">
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
710 <title>Copiare due sottotitoli da un DVD durante la codifica in due passaggi</title>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
711 <screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
712 rm <replaceable>sottotitoli.idx</replaceable> <replaceable>sottotitoli.sub</replaceable>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
713 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
714 -vobsubout <replaceable>sottotitoli</replaceable> -vobsuboutindex 0 -sid 2
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
715 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
716 -vobsubout <replaceable>sottotitoli</replaceable> -vobsuboutindex 1 -sid 5<!--
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
717 --></screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
718 </example>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
719
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
720 <example id="copying_a_french_subtitle_from_an_mpeg_file">
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
721 <title>Copiare i sottotitoli francesi da un file MPEG</title>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
722 <screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
723 rm <replaceable>sottotitoli.idx</replaceable> <replaceable>sottotitoli.sub</replaceable>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
724 mencoder <replaceable>film.mpg</replaceable> -ifo <replaceable>film.ifo</replaceable> -vobsubout <replaceable>sottotitoli</replaceable> -vobsuboutindex 0 \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
725 -vobsuboutid fr -sid 1 -nosound -ovc copy
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
726 </screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
727 </example>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
728 </sect1>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
729
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
730
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
731 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
732
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
733
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
734 <sect1 id="aspect">
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
735 <title>Preservare il rapporto di aspetto</title>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
736
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
737 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
738 I file dei DVD e dei VCD (per es. MPEG-1/2) contengono un valore del rapporto
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
739 d'aspetto che instruisce il riproduttore su come ridimensionare il flusso video,
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
740 così gli umani non avranno teste a uovo (es.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480).
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
741 Tuttavia, codificando in file AVI (DivX), devi fare attenzione che
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
742 l'intestazione AVI non salva questo valore. Ridimensionare il film è disgustoso
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
743 e una perdita di tempo, ci deve essere un modo migliore!
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
744 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
745
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
746 <para>C'è</para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
747
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
748 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
749 MPEG-4 ha un caratteristica unica: il flusso video può contenere il rapporto
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
750 di aspetto che serve. Sì, proprio come i MPEG-1/2 (DVD, SVCD) e H.263.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
751 Tristemente, ci sono pochi riproduttori oltre ad
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
752 <application>MPlayer</application> che gestiscono questo attributo MPEG-4.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
753 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
754
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
755 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
756 This feature can be used only with
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
757 Questa caratteristica può essere usata solo con il codec
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
758 <systemitem>mpeg4</systemitem> di
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
759 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link>.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
760 Ricorda: anche se <application>MPlayer</application> riprodurrà correttamente
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
761 il file generato, altri riproduttori potrebbero usare il rapporto di aspetto
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
762 sbagliato.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
763 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
764
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
765 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
766 Devi assolutamente tagliare le bande nere sopra e sotto all'immagine del film.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
767 Vedi la pagina man per l'utilizzo dei filtri <systemitem>cropdetect</systemitem>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
768 e <systemitem>crop</systemitem>.
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
769 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
770
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
771 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
772 Uso
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
773 <screen>mencoder <replaceable>svcd-di-esempio.mpg</replaceable> -vf crop=714:548:0:14 -oac copy -ovc lavc \
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
774 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:autoaspect -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable></screen>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
775 </para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
776 </sect1>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
777
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
778 </chapter>