annotate DOCS/xml/pl/containers.xml @ 20924:abde88225c3a

Output UTF-8 instead of legacy encodings by default.
author diego
date Wed, 15 Nov 2006 10:37:41 +0000
parents 10933b6e29a1
children 175e897696b6
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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2 <!-- synced with r20551 -->
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3 <!-- Opiekun: Cobra -->
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4 <chapter id="formats">
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5 <title>Kontenery</title>
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6
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7 <para>
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8 Na początek ważne jest wyjaśnienie pewnego często popełnianego błędu.
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9 Kiedy ludzie widzą plik o rozszerzeniu <filename>.AVI</filename>,
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10 automatycznie stwierdzają, że to nie jest plik MPEG. Nie jest to prawda.
655565aafbe4 convert DOCS/xml/pl and help/help_mp-pl* to UTF-8
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11 Przynajmniej niezupełnie. W przeciwieństwie do popularnego stwierdzenia,
655565aafbe4 convert DOCS/xml/pl and help/help_mp-pl* to UTF-8
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12 plik taki <emphasis>może</emphasis> zawierać video MPEG-1.
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13 </para>
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14
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15 <para>
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16 Widzisz, <emphasis role="bold">kodek</emphasis> to nie to samo, co
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17 <emphasis role="bold">format kontenerów</emphasis>.
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18 Przykłady <emphasis role="bold">kodeków</emphasis> video: MPEG-1, MPEG-2,
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19 MPEG-4 (DivX), Indeo5, 3vix.
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20 Przykłady <emphasis role="bold">kontenerów</emphasis> plików: MPG, AVI, ASF.
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21 </para>
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22
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23 <para>
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24 W teorii, możesz umieścić video OpenDivX i dźwięk MP3 w
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25 <emphasis role="bold">kontenerze MPG</emphasis>. Większość odtwarzaczy
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26 nie będzie jednak w stanie go odtworzyć, gdyż spodziewają się obrazu MPEG-1 i
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27 dźwięku MP2 (w przeciwieństwie do <emphasis role="bold">AVI</emphasis>,
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28 <emphasis role="bold">MPG</emphasis> nie ma odpowiednich pól do opisu jego
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29 strumieni audio i video). Możesz również umieścić video MPEG-1 w pliku
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30 AVI. <ulink url="http://ffmpeg.org/">FFmpeg</ulink> i
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31 <link linkend="mencoder"><application>MEncoder</application></link> potrafią
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32 tworzyć takie pliki.
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33 </para>
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34
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35
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36 <sect1 id="video-formats">
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37 <title>Formaty video</title>
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38
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39 <sect2 id="mpg-vob-dat">
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40 <title>Pliki MPEG</title>
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41
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42 <para>
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43 Pliki MPEG spotykamy w różnych odmianach:
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44 </para>
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45
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46 <itemizedlist>
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47 <listitem><simpara>
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48 MPG: To jest najbardziej <emphasis role="bold">podstawowa</emphasis> forma
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49 plików MPEG. Zawiera video MPEG-1 i audio MP2 (MPEG-1 warstwa 2) lub rzadziej
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50 MP1.
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51 </simpara></listitem>
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52 <listitem><simpara>
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53 DAT: To dokładnie ten sam format, co MPG, tylko z innym rozszerzeniem. Jest
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54 on używany na płytach <emphasis role="bold">Video CD</emphasis>. W związku
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55 ze sposobem tworzenia płyt VCD i struktury Linuksa, pliki DAT nie mogą być
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56 odtwarzane ani kopiowane z VCD jak zwykłe pliki. Musisz użyć opcji
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57 <option>vcd://</option> by odtworzyć Video CD.
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58 </simpara></listitem>
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59 <listitem><simpara>
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60 VOB: To format pliku MPEG na płytach <emphasis role="bold">DVD</emphasis>.
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61 Jest to to samo, co MPG, plus możliwość umieszczenia w nim napisów lub
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62 dźwięku nie-MPEG (AC3). Zawiera zakodowany strumień obrazu MPEG-2 i przeważnie
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63 dźwięk AC3, lecz dozwolone są także DTS, MP2 i nieskompresowane LPCM.
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64 <emphasis role="bold">Przejrzyj sekcję <link linkend="dvd">DVD</link></emphasis>!
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65 </simpara></listitem>
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66 <listitem><simpara>
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67 TY: To jest strumień TiVo MPEG. Zawiera on dane MPEG PES strumieni audio
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68 i video, oraz dodatkowe informacje jak napisy Closed Caption. Ten format nie
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69 jest strumieniem programu MPEG, ale zamkniętym formatem stworzonym przez
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70 TiVo. Więcej informacji o formacie strumienia TiVo można uzyskać na
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71 <ulink url="http://dvd-create.sourceforge.net/tystudio/tystream.shtml">
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72 stronie TyStudio</ulink>.
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73 </simpara></listitem>
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74 </itemizedlist>
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75
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76 <para>
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77 Serie klatek tworzą niezależne grupy w plikach MPEG. To oznacza, że możesz
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78 ciąć/łączyć plik MPEG za pomocą zwykłych narzędzi plikowych (typu
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79 <command>dd</command>, <command>cut</command>) i pozostaje on całkowicie
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80 funkcjonalny.
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81 </para>
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82
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83 <para>
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84 Jedną ważną cechą plików MPG jest to, że zawierają pole opisujące stosunek
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85 szerokości do wysokości obrazu. Na przykład pliki SVCD zawierają obraz
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86 o rozdzielczości 480x480, a w nagłówku pole to jest ustawione na 4:3, więc
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87 odtwarzane są w 640x480. W plikach AVI często brakuje tego pola, więc muszą być
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88 skalowane w trakcie kodowania lub odtwarzane z opcją <option>-aspect</option>
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89 </para>
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90 </sect2>
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91
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92
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93 <sect2 id="avi">
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94 <title>Pliki AVI</title>
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95
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96 <para>
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97 Zaprojektowane przez Microsoft <emphasis role="bold">pliki AVI
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98 (Audio Video Interleaved)</emphasis> to szeroko stosowany wielofunkcyjny format
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99 aktualnie używany głównie dla video MPEG-4 (DivX i DivX4). Ma on wiele wad i
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100 niedociągnięć (np. przy strumieniowaniu). Obsługuje jeden strumień video i od 0
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101 do 99 strumieni audio i może mieć co najwyżej 2 GB, lecz istnieje rozszerzenie,
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102 zwane <emphasis role="bold">OpenDML</emphasis>, które pozwala na osiągnięcie
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103 większych plików.
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104 Aktualnie Microsoft usilnie zniechęca do stosowania AVI i zaleca ASF/WMV.
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105 Nie żeby to kogoś obchodziło...
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106 </para>
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107
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108 <para>
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109 Istnieje hack, który pozwala plikom AVI zawierać strumień audio Ogg Vorbis,
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110 ale powoduje to ich niekompatybilność ze zwykłymi AVI.
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111 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje odtwarzanie takich plików.
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112 Skoki są również zaimplementowane, lecz poważnie ograniczone poprzez
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113 źle zakodowane pliki z pomieszanymi nagłówkami.
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114 Niestety jedyny program, który potrafi tworzyć takie pliki -
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115 <application>NanDub</application> - ma z tym problem.
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116 </para>
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117
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118 <note>
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119 <para>
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120 Kamery DV tworzą surowe strumienie DV, które są konwertowane przez narzędzia
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121 do zgrywania DV do dwóch różnych typów plików AVI. Pliki te zawierają wtedy
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122 albo osobne strumienie audio i video, które <application>MPlayer</application>
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123 potrafi odtwarzać lub surowy strumień DV, którego obsługa jest w trakcie
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124 rozwoju.
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125 </para>
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126 </note>
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127
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128 <para>
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129 Istnieją dwa typy plików AVI:
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130 <itemizedlist>
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131 <listitem><simpara>
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132 <emphasis role="bold">Z przeplotem:</emphasis> Zawartość audio i video jest
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133 przepleciona. Jest to standardowy typ - zalecany i przeważnie używany.
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134 Niektóre narzędzia tworzą przeplatane pliki AVI ze złą synchronizacją.
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135 <application>MPlayer</application> wykrywa je jako przeplatane, ale powoduje
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136 to utratę synchronizacji A/V (najczęściej przy skokach). Pliki te powinny
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137 być odtwarzane jako bez przeplotu (opcja <option>-ni</option>).
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138 </simpara></listitem>
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139 <listitem><simpara>
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140 <emphasis role="bold">Bez przeplotu:</emphasis> Najpierw umieszczony jest
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141 cały strumień video, a potem cały strumień audio. Wymaga to więc dużo
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142 "chodzenia" po pliku, co powoduje, że trudno jest je odtwarzać z sieci lub z
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143 CD-ROMów.
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144 </simpara></listitem>
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145 </itemizedlist>
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146 </para>
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147
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148 <para>
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149 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje dwie metody synchronizacji
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150 dla plików AVI:
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151 <itemizedlist>
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152 <listitem><simpara>
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153 <emphasis role="bold">oparte na bps (bitach na sekundę):</emphasis> Oparta
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154 jest na liczbie bitów/próbek na sekundę strumieni audio/video. Metoda ta jest
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155 stosowana przez większość odtwarzaczy, włączając w to
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156 <ulink url="http://avifile.sf.net">avifile</ulink> oraz
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157 <application>Windows Media Player</application>. Pliki z uszkodzonymi
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158 nagłówkami i pliki z dźwiękiem VBR (Variable Bitrate - zmienne
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159 tempo bitowe) utworzone za pomocą niekompatybilnego z VBR programu kodującego
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160 spowodują desynchronizację A/V przy tej metodzie (głównie przy skokach).
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161 </simpara></listitem>
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162 <listitem><simpara>
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163 <emphasis role="bold">oparte na przeplocie:</emphasis> Nie korzysta z
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164 informacji o tempie bitowym z nagłówka, lecz zamiast tego używa względnej
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165 pozycji przeplecionych fragmentów audio i video, dzięki czemu źle zakodowane
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166 pliki z dźwiękiem VBR można normalnie odtwarzać.
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167 </simpara></listitem>
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168 </itemizedlist>
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169 </para>
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170
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171 <para>
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172 Każdy kodek video i audio jest dozwolony, lecz należy zauważyć, że dźwięk
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173 VBR nie jest zbyt dobrze obsługiwany przez większość odtwarzaczy. Format pliku
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174 co prawda pozwala na użycie dźwięku VBR, lecz większość odtwarzaczy spodziewa
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175 się dźwięku CBR (Constant Bitrate - stałe tempo bitowe), przez co
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176 zawiodą przy VBR. VBR nie jest powszechny i specyfikacja AVI Microsoftu opisuje
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177 jedynie CBR. Zauważyłem również, że większość enkoderów/multiplekserów AVI
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178 tworzy złe pliki z dźwiękiem VBR. Istnieją jedynie dwa wyjątki potwierdzające
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179 tę regułę:
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180 <application><application>NanDub</application></application> oraz
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181 <link linkend="mencoder"><application>MEncoder</application></link>.
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182 </para>
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183 </sect2>
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184
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185
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186 <sect2 id="asf-wmv">
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187 <title>Pliki ASF/WMV</title>
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188 <para>
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189 ASF (Active Streaming Format - Aktywny Format Strumieniowania) pochodzi z
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190 Microsoftu. Stworzyli oni dwa warianty ASF: v1.0 i v2.0. v1.0 jest używana
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191 przez ich narzędzia medialne (<application>Windows Media Player</application>
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192 oraz <application>Windows Media Encoder</application>) i jest bardzo tajna.
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193 v2.0 jest opublikowana i opatentowana :). Oczywiście różnią się one znacząco i
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194 nie ma pomiędzy nimi żadnej kompatybilności (kolejna zagrywka legalistyczna).
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195 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje jedynie v1.0, gdyż nikt jeszcze nie
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196 widział żadnego pliku v2.0 :). Zauważ, że dzisiejsze pliki ASF mają rozszerzenia
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197 <filename>.WMA</filename> lub <filename>.WMV</filename>.
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198 </para>
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199 </sect2>
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200
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201
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202 <sect2 id="mov">
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203 <title>Pliki QuickTime/MOV</title>
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204
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205 <para>
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206 Formaty te zostały zaprojektowane przez Apple i mogą zawierać dowolny kodek,
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207 CBR lub VBR. Mają przeważnie rozszerzenie <filename>.QT</filename> lub
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208 <filename>.MOV</filename>. Warto zauważyć, że grupa MPEG-4 wybrała QuickTime
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209 jako zalecany format pliku dla MPEG-4, a ich pliki MOV mają rozszerzenie
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210 <filename>.MPG</filename> lub <filename>.MP4</filename> (interesujące jest to, że
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211 strumienie w tych plikach to w rzeczywistości pliki MPG i AAC. Możesz nawet je
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212 wyciągnąć za pomocą opcji <option>-dumpvideo</option> oraz
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213 <option>-dumpaudio</option>).
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214 </para>
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215 </sect2>
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216
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217
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218 <sect2 id="vivo">
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219 <title>Pliki VIVO</title>
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220
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221 <para>
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222 <application>MPlayer</application> szczęśliwie demultipleksuje pliki VIVO.
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223 Największą niedogodnością formatu jest to, że nie ma on bloku indeksu
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224 ani stałego rozmiaru pakietu czy bajtów synchronizacji, a większość plików
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225 nie ma nawet klatek kluczowych, więc zapomnij o skakaniu po filmie!
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226 </para>
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227
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228 <para>
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229 Kodek video plików VIVO/1.0 to standardowy <emphasis role="bold">h.263</emphasis>.
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230 Kodek video plików VIVO/2.0 to zmodyfikowany, niestandardowy
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231 <emphasis role="bold">h.263v2</emphasis>. Dźwięk jest ten sam i może to być
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232 <emphasis role="bold">g.723 (standardowy)</emphasis> lub
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233 <emphasis role="bold">Vivo Siren</emphasis>.
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234 </para>
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235 </sect2>
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236
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237
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238 <sect2 id="fli">
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239 <title>Pliki FLI</title>
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240 <para>
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241 <emphasis role="bold">FLI</emphasis> jest bardzo starym formatem używanym przez
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242 Autodesk Animator,
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243 lecz jest to powszechnie stosowany w sieci format do krótkich animacji.
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244 <application>MPlayer</application> demultipleksuje i dekoduje pliki FLI i
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245 potrafi nawet po nich skakać (użyteczne przy zapętlaniu za pomocą opcji
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246 <option>-loop</option>). Pliki FLI nie zawierają klatek kluczowych, więc obraz
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247 będzie trochę zaśmiecony przez krótką chwilę po skoku.
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248 </para>
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249 </sect2>
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250
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251
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252 <sect2 id="realmedia">
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253 <title>Pliki RealMedia (RM)</title>
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254
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255 <para>
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256 Tak, <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi czytać (demultipleksować)
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257 pliki RealMedia (<filename>.rm</filename>).
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258 </para>
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259 </sect2>
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260
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261
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262 <sect2 id="nuppelvideo">
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263 <title>Pliki NuppelVideo</title>
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264 <para>
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265 <ulink url="http://frost.htu.tuwien.ac.at/~roman/nuppelvideo/">NuppelVideo</ulink>
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266 jest narzędziem do zgrywania TV (AFAIK :). <application>MPlayer</application>
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267 potrafi czytać jego pliki <filename>.NUV</filename> (tylko NuppelVideo 5.0).
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268 Pliki te mogą zawierać klatki: nieskompresowane YV12, skompresowane YV12+RTJpeg,
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269 skompresowane YV12 RTJpeg+lzo i skompresowane YV12+lzo.
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270 <application>MPlayer</application> dekoduje je (a nawet
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271 <emphasis role="bold">koduje</emphasis> za pomocą
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272 <application>MEncodera</application> do MPEG-4 (DivX) itp!) wszystkie.
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273 Działają również skoki.
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274 </para>
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275 </sect2>
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276
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277
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278 <sect2 id="yuv4mpeg">
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279 <title>Pliki yuv4mpeg</title>
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280 <para>
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281 <ulink url="http://mjpeg.sf.net">yuv4mpeg / yuv4mpeg2</ulink>
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282 to format plików stosowany przez
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283 <ulink url="http://mjpeg.sf.net">programy mjpegtools</ulink>.
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284 Możesz zgrywać, produkować, filtrować lub kodować video w tym formacie za pomocą
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285 tych narzędzi. Format ten jest w rzeczywistości sekwencją nieskompresowanych
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286 obrazów YUV 4:2:0.
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287 </para>
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288 </sect2>
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289
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290
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291 <sect2 id="film">
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292 <title>Pliki FILM</title>
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293 <para>
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294 Format ten jest używany przez stare gry CD-ROM na Sega Saturn.
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295 </para>
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296 </sect2>
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297
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298
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299 <sect2 id="roq">
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300 <title>Pliki RoQ</title>
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301 <para>
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302 Pliki RoQ to pliki multimedialne używane w niektórych grach ID, np.
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303 Quake III czy Return to Castle Wolfenstein.
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304 </para>
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305 </sect2>
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306
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307
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308 <sect2 id="ogg">
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309 <title>Pliki OGG/OGM</title>
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310 <para>
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311 Jest to nowy format plików z <ulink url="http://www.xiph.org">Xiphophorus</ulink>.
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312 Może zawierać dowolne kodeki audio i video, CBR lub VBR. Będziesz potrzebował
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313 zainstalowanych bibliotek <systemitem class="library">libogg</systemitem>
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314 oraz <systemitem class="library">libvorbis</systemitem> zanim skompilujesz
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315 <application>MPlayera</application> by móc go odtwarzać.
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316 </para>
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317 </sect2>
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318
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319
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320 <sect2 id="sdp">
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321 <title>Pliki SDP</title>
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322 <para>
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323 <ulink url="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2327.txt">SDP</ulink>
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324 to format opisu strumieni RTP audio lub video będący standardem IETF.
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325 (Wymagane jest &quot;<ulink url="http://www.live555.com/mplayer/">LIVE555 Streaming Media</ulink>&quot;.)
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326 </para>
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327 </sect2>
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328
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329
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330 <sect2 id="pva">
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331 <title>Pliki PVA</title>
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332 <para>
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333 PVA to format MPEGo-podobny używany przez oprogramowanie kart DVB (np.:
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334 <application>MultiDec</application> lub <application>WinTV</application> pod
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335 Windows).
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336 </para>
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337 </sect2>
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338
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339
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340 <sect2 id="nsv">
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341 <title>Pliki NSV</title>
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342 <para>
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343 NSV (NullSoft Video) jest formatem plików używanym przez odtwarzacz
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344 <application>Winamp</application> do strumieniowania audio i video.
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345 Video to VP3, VP5 lub VP6, audio to MP3, AAC lub VLB.
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346 Wersja tylko-audio NSV ma rozszerzenie <filename>.nsa</filename>.
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347 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi odtwarzać zarówno strumienie, jak i pliki NSV.
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348 Proszę zauważyć, że większość plików ze
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349 <ulink url="http://www.winamp.com">strony Winamp'a</ulink> korzysta z audio VLB, które
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350 jeszcze nie jest dekodowane przez <application>MPlayera</application>. Oprócz tego
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351 strumienie z tej strony potrzebują dodatkowej warstwy depakietowania, która nie jest
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352 jeszcze zaimplementowana (plików tych i tak nie da się odtworzyć ze względu na
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353 audio VLB).
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354 </para>
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355 </sect2>
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356
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357
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358 <sect2 id="matroska">
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359 <title>Pliki matroska</title>
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360 <para>
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361 Matroska jest otwartym formatem przechowywania.
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362 Więcej informacji na
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363 <ulink url="http://www.matroska.org/">oficjalnej stronie</ulink>.
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364 </para>
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365 </sect2>
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366
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367
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368 <sect2 id="nut">
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369 <title>Pliki NUT</title>
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370 <para>
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371 NUT jest formatem przechowywania opracowanym przez ludzi
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372 z <application>MPlayera</application> i <application>FFmpeg</application>. Oba
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373 projekty go obsługują.
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374 Więcej informacji na
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375 <ulink url="http://www.nut.hu/">oficjalnej stronie</ulink>.
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376 </para>
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377 </sect2>
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378
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379
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380 <sect2 id="gif">
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381 <title>Pliki GIF</title>
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382 <para>
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383 Format <emphasis role="bold">GIF</emphasis> jest powszechnym formatem zapisu
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384 grafiki sieciowej. Istnieją dwie wersje specyfikacji GIF: GIF87a oraz GIF89a.
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385 Główną różnicą jest to, że GIF89a pozwala na animację.
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386 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje oba
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387 formaty plików za pomocą biblioteki <systemitem class="library">libungif</systemitem>
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388 lub innej, kompatybilnej z libgif biblioteki. Nieanimowane GIFy są wyświetlane
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389 jako filmy o pojedynczej klatce. (Użyj opcji <option>-loop</option> oraz
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390 <option>-fixed-vo</option> by wyświetlić je dłużej.)
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391 </para>
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392
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393 <para>
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394 <application>MPlayer</application> obecnie nie pozwala na skoki w plikach GIF.
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395 Pliki GIF bowiem niekoniecznie muszą mieć stałego rozmiaru klatki, ani stałej
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396 prędkości odtwarzania. Raczej każda klatka jest niezależnego rozmiaru i ma
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397 zostać umiejscowiona w odpowiednim miejscu na polu o ustalonym rozmiarze.
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398 Prędkość odtwarzania jest kontrolowana za pomocą opcjonalnego bloku przed
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399 każdą klatką, która ustala opóźnienie kolejnej klatki w setnych sekundy.
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400 </para>
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401
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402 <para>
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403 Standardowe pliki GIF zawierają 24-bitowe klatki RGB z co najwyżej 8-bitową
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404 indeksowaną paletą. Klatki te są przeważnie kompresowane za pomocą LZW, lecz
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405 niektóre kodery produkują nieskompresowane klatki by uniknąć problemów
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406 patentowych w związku z kompresją LZW.
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407 </para>
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408
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409 <para>
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410 Jeśli Twoja dystrybucja nie zawiera biblioteki <systemitem class="library">libungif</systemitem>,
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411 pobierz ją ze
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412 <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/libungif">strony domowej libungif</ulink>.
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413 By uzyskać szczegółowe informacje techniczne, zajrzyj do
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414 <ulink url="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif89a.txt">specyfikacji GIF89a</ulink>.
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415 </para>
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416 </sect2>
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417 </sect1>
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418
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419 <!-- ********** -->
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420
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421 <sect1 id="audio-formats">
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422 <title>Formaty audio</title>
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423
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424 <para>
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425 <application>MPlayer</application> jest odtwarzaczem
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426 <emphasis role="bold">filmów</emphasis>, a nie
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427 <emphasis role="bold">mediów</emphasis>. Potrafi jednak odtwarzać niektóre pliki
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428 audio (są one wymienione w sekcjach poniżej).
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429 Nie jest to jednak zalecane zastosowanie <application>MPlayera</application>.
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430 Powinieneś raczej użyć <ulink url="http://www.xmms.org">XMMSa</ulink>.
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431 </para>
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432
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433 <sect2 id="mp3">
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434 <title>Pliki MP3</title>
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435 <para>
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436 Możesz mieć pewne problemy przy odtwarzaniu niektórych plików
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437 MP3, które <application>MPlayer</application> błędnie rozpozna jako
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438 MPEG i odtworzy je nieprawidłowo lub nie odtworzy ich wcale. Nie da się
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439 tego naprawić bez porzucenia odtwarzania uszkodzonych plików
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440 MPEG i tak prawdopodobnie zostanie w najbliższej przyszłości. Opcja
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441 <option>-demuxer</option> opisana na stronie man może pomóc Ci w takich
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442 przypadkach.
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443 </para>
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444 </sect2>
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445
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446 <sect2 id="ogg-vorbis">
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447 <title>Pliki OGG/OGM (Vorbis)</title>
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448 <para>
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449 Wymaga poprawnie zainstalowanych bibliotek
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450 <systemitem class="library">libogg</systemitem> i
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451 <systemitem class="library">libvorbis</systemitem>.
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452 </para>
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453 </sect2>
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454
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455 <sect2 id="cdda">
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456 <title>CD audio</title>
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457 <para>
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458 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi korzystać z programu
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459 <application>cdparanoia</application> do odtwarzania CDDA (Audio CD). Sekcja
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460 ta nie zawiera spisu możliwości programu <application>cdparanoia</application>.
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461 </para>
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462
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463 <para>
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464 Zajrzyj do strony man i przeczytaj opis opcji <option>-cdda</option>, która może
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465 zostać wykorzystana do przekazania opcji do programu
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466 <application>cdparanoia</application>.
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467 </para>
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468 </sect2>
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469
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470 <sect2 id="xmms">
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471 <title>XMMS</title>
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472 <para>
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473 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi korzystać z wtyczek wejścia z
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474 programu <application>XMMS</application> do odtwarzania wielu formatów. Istnieją
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475 wtyczki do muzyczek z gier na SNES, muzyczek SID (z Commodore 64), wielu
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476 formatów Amigi, .xm, .it, VQF, musepack, Bonk, shorten i wielu innych. Możesz
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477 znaleźć je na <ulink url="http://www.xmms.org/plugins.php?category=input">Stronie
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478 wtyczek wejściowych do XMMS</ulink>.
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479 </para>
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480
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481 <para>
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482 Do obsługi tej możliwości musisz mieć <application>XMMSa</application> i
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483 skompilować <application>MPlayera</application> za pomocą
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484 <filename>./configure --enable-xmms</filename>. Jeśli to nie zadziała, być może
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485 musisz ustawić ścieżki do wtyczek i bibliotek <application>XMMSa</application>
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486 ręcznie za pomocą opcji konfiguracji <option>--with-xmmsplugindir</option> i
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487 <option>--with-xmmslibdir</option>
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488 </para>
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489 </sect2>
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490 </sect1>
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491 </chapter>