annotate HACKING @ 3279:86fdd015f40e

[gaim-migrate @ 3297] Fewer compile warnings! Thanks, Ari Pollak (I even spelled your name correctly) Also, I think one of these warnings may have fixed a sporadic Hotmail auth failure; let me know if you still get those. committer: Tailor Script <tailor@pidgin.im>
author Sean Egan <seanegan@gmail.com>
date Wed, 29 May 2002 01:23:38 +0000
parents 0e70fe072ab4
children 3196d9044a45
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1 A lot of people have tried to hack gaim, but haven't been able to because
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2 the code is just so horrid. Well, the code isn't getting better anytime
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3 soon (I hate GNU indent), so to help all you would-be hackers help out
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4 gaim, here's a brief tutorial on how gaim works. I'll quickly describe
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5 the logical flow of things, then what you'll find in each of the source
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6 files. As an added bonus, I'll try and describe as best I can how multiple
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7 connections and multiple protocols work. Depending on how much I want to
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8 avoid my final tomorrow I may even describe other parts of gaim that I
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9 particularly want to brag about. Hopefully that's enough to get most of
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10 you going.
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11
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12 If you don't know how event-driven programs work, stop right now. Gaim
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13 uses GTK+'s main loop (actually GLib's but I won't talk about how GTK
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14 works) and uses GLib functions for timeouts and socket notification. If
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15 you don't know GTK you should go learn that first.
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17 If you're going to hack gaim, PLEASE, PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE send patches
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18 against the absolute latest CVS. I get really annoyed when I get patches
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19 against the last released version, especially since I don't usually have
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20 a copy of it on my computer, and gaim tends to change a lot between
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21 versions. (I sometimes get annoyed when they're against CVS from 3 days
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22 ago, but can't complain because it's usually my fault that I haven't
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23 looked at the patch yet.) To get gaim from CVS (if you haven't already),
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24 run the following commands:
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25
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26 $ export CVSROOT=:pserver:anonymous@cvs.gaim.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/gaim
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27 $ cvs login (hit enter as the password)
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28 $ cvs co gaim (you'll see it getting all of the files)
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29 $ cd gaim
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30 $ ./autogen.sh
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31
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32 You'll now have your normal gaim tree with ./configure and all (which
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33 ./autogen.sh takes the liberty of running for you). (If you want to make
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34 your life really simple, learn how CVS works. CVS is your friend.) To make
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35 a patch, just edit the files right there in that tree (don't bother with
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36 two trees, or even two copies of the same file). Then when you're ready to
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37 make your patch, simply run 'cvs diff -u >my.patch' and send it off;
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38 either post it on sf.net/projects/gaim in the patches section, or email it
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39 to gaim@marko.net.
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40
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41 This file was last modified by $Author: warmenhoven $ on
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42 $Date: 2001-12-09 09:06:36 -0500 (Sun, 09 Dec 2001) $. Do not expect any information contained
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43 within to be current or correct.
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44
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45 Here's something new. Someone requested that I comment the code. No. I'm a
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46 lazy bastard, and I understand most of the code, so I don't need the
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47 comments. I understand that some of you do though. So give me the names of
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48 specific functions that you'd like commented and I'll see what I can do.
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49 It's more likely that those comments will be updated with the code than
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50 this file is, though even that is still unlikely.
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51
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52
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53 CODING STYLE
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54 ============
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55
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56 Coding styles are like assholes, everyone has one and no one likes anyone
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57 elses. This is mine and if you want me to accept a patch from you without
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58 getting annoyed you'll follow this coding style. :)
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59
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60 It would probably just be easier for me to include CodingStyle from the
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61 linux kernel source.
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62
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63 Tab indents. I *HATE* 2-space indents, and I strongly dislike 8-space
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64 indents. Use a tab character. I'm likely to refuse a patch if it has
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65 2-space indents.
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66
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67 K&R style for braces. Braces always go on the same line as the if, etc.
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68 that they're associated with; the only exception is functions. Braces
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69 for else statements should have both braces on the same line as the else
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70 (i.e. "} else {").
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71
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72 No functionOrVariableNamesLikeThis. Save it for Java. Underscores are your
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73 friend. "tmp" is an excellent variable name. Hungarian style will not be
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74 tolerated. Go back to Microsoft.
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75
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76 I have a 105-char wide Eterm. Deal with it.
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77
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78 NO goto. I'm very likely to refuse a patch if it makes use of goto. If you
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79 feel the need to use goto, you need to rethink your design and flow.
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81
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82 PROGRAM FLOW
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83 ============
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84
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85 Before gaim does anything you can see, it initializes itself, which is
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86 mostly just reading .gaimrc (handled by the functions in gaimrc.c) and
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87 parsing command-line options. It then draws the login window by calling
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88 show_login, and waits for input.
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89
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90 At the login window, when "Accounts" is clicked, account_editor() is
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91 called. This then displays all of the users and various information
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92 about them. (Don't ask about what happens when "Sign On" is called. It's
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93 quite hackish. The only reason the login window is there anymore is to
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94 make it more palatable to people so used to WinAIM that they can't accept
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95 anything else.)
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96
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97 When the "Sign on/off" button is clicked, serv_login is passed the
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98 username and the password for the account. If the password length is
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99 zero (the password field is a character array rather than pointer so it
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100 will not be NULL) then the Signon callback will prompt for the password
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101 before calling serv_login. serv_login then signs in the user using the
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102 appropriate protocol.
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103
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104 After you're signed in, Gaim draws the buddy list by calling
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105 show_buddy_list. Assuming the user has a buddy list (all buddy list
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106 functions are controlled by list.c; when you sign on do_import is called
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107 and that loads the locally saved list), the protocol calls
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108 serv_got_update, which sets the information in the appropriate struct
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109 buddy and then passes it off to set_buddy.
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110
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111 set_buddy is responsible for a lot of stuff, but most of it is done
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112 implicitly. It's responsible for the sounds (which is just a call to
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113 play_sound), but the biggest thing it does is call new_group_show and
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114 new_buddy_show if necessary. There's only one group_show per group name,
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115 even between connections, and only one buddy_show per group_show per
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116 buddy name, even between connections. (If that's not confusing enough,
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117 wait until I really start describing how the buddy list works.)
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118
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119 New connections happen the exact same way as described above. Each
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120 aim_user can have one gaim_connection associated with it. aim_user and
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121 gaim_connection both have a protocol field. This is kind of confusing:
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122 gaim, except for the account editor screen and when the user signs on,
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123 ignores the user's protocl field, and only uses the connection's protocol
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124 field. You can change the connection's protocol field once it's created
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125 and been assigned a PRPL to use to change certain behavior (Oscar does
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126 this because it handles both AIM and ICQ). I'll talk about the
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127 gaim_connection struct more later.
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128
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129 When the user opens a new conversation window, new_conversation is called.
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130 That's easy enough. If there isn't a conversation with the person already
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131 open (checked by calling find_conversation), show_conv is called to
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132 create the new window. All sorts of neat things happen there, but it's
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133 mostly drawing the window. show_conv is the best place to edit the UI.
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134
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135 That's pretty much it for the quick tutorial. I know it wasn't much but
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136 it's enough to get you started. Make sure you know GTK before you get too
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137 involved. Most of the back-end stuff is pretty basic; most of gaim is GTK.
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138
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139
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140 SOURCE FILES
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141 ============
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142
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143 about.c:
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144 Not much to say here, just a few basic functions.
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145
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146 aim.c:
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147 This is where the main() function is. It takes care of a lot of the
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148 initialization stuff, and showing the login window. It's pretty tiny
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149 and there's not really much to edit in it. This has some of the most
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150 pointless functions, like gaim_setup, which optionally turns off sounds
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151 on signon. A lot of this file should actually be part of other files.
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152
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153 applet.c:
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154 This controls most things that are related to the applet. I don't like
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155 looking at this file because it still has functionsLikeThis. But at
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156 least it doesn't have many of them anymore. Anyway, this file isn't
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157 very big because there's really not much difference between the panel
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158 version and the app version.
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159
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160 away.c:
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161 This takes care of most of the away stuff: setting the away message
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162 (do_away_message); coming back (do_im_back); drawing the away window;
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163 etc. Away messages work really oddly due to multiple connections and
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164 multiple protocols; I think there are really only two or three people
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165 who know how it works and I don't think any of us know why it works
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166 that way.
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167
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168 browser.c:
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169 Code for opening a browser window. Most of the code is trying to deal
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170 with Netscape. The most important function here is open_url. Have fun.
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171
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172 buddy.c:
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173 This takes care of the buddy list window and most things related to it.
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174 It still has some functions that manage the list, but not many.
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175
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176 buddy_chat.c:
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177 This takes care of the buddy chat stuff. This used to be a lot bigger
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178 until the chat and IM windows got merged in the code. Now it mostly
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179 just takes care of chat-specific stuff, like ignoring people and
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180 keeping track of who's in the room. This is also where the chat window
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181 is created.
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182
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183 conversation.c:
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184 This is where most of the functions dealing with the IM and chat windows
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185 are hidden. It tries to abstract things as much as possible, but doesn't
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186 do a very good job. This is also where things like "Enter sends" and
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187 "Ctrl-{B/I/U/S}" options get carried out (look for send_callback). The
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188 chat and IM toolbar (with the B/I/U/S buttons) are both built from
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189 the same function, build_conv_toolbar.
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190
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191 core.c:
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192 This is the start of what will become the main() for gaim-core.
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193
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194 dialogs.c:
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195 A massive file with a lot of little utility functions. This is where all
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196 of those little dialog windows are created. Things like the warn dialog
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197 and the add buddy dialog are here. Not all of the dialogs in gaim are in
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198 this file, though. But most of them are. This is also where do_import
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199 is housed, to import buddy lists. (The actual buddy list parsing code
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200 is in util.c for winaim lists and buddy.c for gaim's own lists.)
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201
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202 gaimrc.c:
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203 This controls everything about the .gaimrc file. There's not really much
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204 to say about it; this is probably one of the better designed and easier
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205 to follow files in gaim. The important functions are towards the bottom.
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206
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207 gtkimhtml.c:
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208 This is gaim's HTML widget. It replaced the old widget, GtkHtml (which
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209 was different than GNOME's GtkHTML). It's self-contained (it doesn't
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210 use any of gaim's code) and is actually a separate project from gaim
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211 (but is maintained by Eric).
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212
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213 gtkspell.c:
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214 This controls spell checking. It's not a widget per se but it does have
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215 some influence over the GtkText widget. It's a separate project from
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216 gaim; if you have a patch for this file send it to the author (the
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217 contact info is in the file).
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218
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219 gtkticker.c:
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220 Syd, our resident GTK God, wrote a GtkWidget, GtkTicker. This is that
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221 widget. It's cool, and it's tiny. This is actually a really good example
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222 widget for those of you looking to write your own.
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223
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224 html.c:
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225 Don't ask my why this is called html.c. Most of it is just grab_url,
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226 which does like the name says; it downloads a URL to show in the
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227 GtkHTML widget. http.c would be a more appropriate name, but that's OK.
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228
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229 idle.c:
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230 This file used to be entirely #if 0'd out of existance. However, thanks
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231 to some very generous people who submitted patches, this takes care of
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232 reporting idle time (imagine that). It's a pretty straight-forward file.
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233 This also takes care of the auto-away stuff.
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234
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235 list.c:
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236 This file contains all of the routines for managing buddy lists,
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237 including importing them from a file, saving them, adding and removing
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238 buddies and groups, etc.
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239
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240 md5.c:
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241 Oscar, Yahoo, and MSN all require md5 hashing, so better to put it in
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242 the core than have the same thing in three different places.
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243
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244 module.c:
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245 This contains all of the plugin code, except for the UI. This is what
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246 actually loads the plugins, makes sure they're valid, has the code for
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247 setting up plugin event handlers, and contains the plugin_event method
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248 that gaim calls on events.
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249
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250 multi.c:
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251 This is the file that tries to take care of most of the major issues
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252 with multiple connections. The best function in here by far is the
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253 account_editor(). auto_login() is also in here (I'm just reading multi.h
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254 now...). account_editor is really the only function that the UI needs
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255 to be concerned with.
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256
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257 perl.c:
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258 This was basically copied straight from X-Chat through the power of
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259 the GPL. Perl is the biggest, most confusing piece of C code I've ever
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260 seen in my life (and keep in mind I'm a gaim hacker). I have a basic
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261 idea of what's going on in it, but I couldn't tell you exactly. The
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262 top half sets up perl and tells it what's going on and the bottom half
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263 implements the AIM module.
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264
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265 plugins.c:
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266 This contains the UI for the plugins dialog. It's mostly GTK.
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267
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268 prefs.c:
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269 The important function in here is build_prefs, but the most useful
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270 function is gaim_button. build_prefs draws the window, and calls
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271 gaim_button probably 30 or 40 times. (I don't really wanna run grep
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272 | wc to count.) This is where you add the toggle button for gaim
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273 preferences. It's very simple, and if you look at a couple of the
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274 calls to gaim_button you'll figure it out right away. The new prefs
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275 window uses a CList instead of a Notebook, and there's a pretty bad
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276 hack to get it to work. I won't tell you what though.
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277
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278 proxy.c:
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279 Adam (of libfaim glory) got bored one day and rewrote this file, so
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280 now everything actually works. The main function is proxy_connect,
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281 which figures out which proxy you want to use (if you want to use one
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282 at all) and passes off the data to the appropriate function. This file
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283 should be pretty straight-forward.
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284
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285 prpl.c:
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286 This file is what lets gaim dynamically load protocols, sort of. All
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287 of the actual dlopen(), dlsym() stuff is in module.c. But this contains
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288 all of the functions that the protocol plugin needs to call, and manages
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289 all of the protocols. It's a pretty simple file actually.
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290
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291 server.c:
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292 This is where all of the differentiation between the different protocols
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293 is done. Nearly everything that's network related goes through here
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294 at one point or another. This has good things like serv_send_im and
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295 serv_got_update. Most of it should be pretty self-explanatory.
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296
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297 sound.c:
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298 The main function in this file is play_sound, which plays one of 8
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299 (maybe 9?) sounds based on preferences. All that the rest of the code
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300 should have to do is call play_sound(BUDDY_ARRIVE), for example, and
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301 this file will take care of determining if a sound should be played
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302 and which file should be played.
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303
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304 ticker.c:
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305 Syd is just so cool. I really can't get over it. He let me come
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306 visit him at Netscape one day, and I got to see all of their toys
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307 (don't worry, I'm under an NDA). Anyway, this file is for the buddy
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308 ticker. This is also a damn cool file because it's got all of the
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309 functions that you'd want right up at the top. Someday I want to be
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310 as cool as Syd.
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311
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312 util.c:
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313 There's not really a lot of cohesion to this file; it's just a lot of
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314 stuff that happened to be thrown into it for no apparent reason. None
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315 of it is particularly tasty; it's all just utility functions. Just
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316 like the name says.
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317
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318 For the PRPLs, the only protocol whose "main" gaim file isn't the same as
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319 the name of the protocol is ICQ; for that it's gaim_icq.c. But ICQ is
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320 deprecated and you should be using Oscar for ICQ anyway.
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321
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322 HOW BUDDY LISTS WORK
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323 ====================
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324
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325 The buddy list is a pain in the ass. Let me start off by saying that. The
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326 most difficult part about getting gaim to do multiple connections was
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327 the buddy list. In its current state it's very much like the UI for
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328 0.10.x and earlier, which is what I was aiming for. However, the code
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329 is completely different. And not much better.
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330
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331 There are two parts to the buddy list: the lists for the connections and
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332 the Buddy List window. list.c contains code to manage the lists themselves
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333 and buddy.c contains the code for the Buddy List window.
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334
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335 Each buddy needs to belong to a connection, it cannot belong to a
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336 "protocol" like in EveryBuddy. The reason is because when you are adding
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337 buddies, you tell the server who is on your buddy list so it can tell you
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338 about them; in order to tell the server, it needs to go out over a
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339 connection. Going out over all connections would not be good, so you need
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340 to specify which connection they go out on.
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341
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342 Managing lists is therefore fairly easy, each group and buddy has an
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343 associated connection. Management functions like add_buddy/remove_buddy
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344 and add_group/remove_group all take a gaim_connection. These are all in
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345 list.c. They're boring.
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346
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347 The window is a lot more fun. There's really only one function that
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348 does anything interesting, and that's set_buddy. (There's also things
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349 like build_edit_tree, but that's boring.) set_buddy is called by
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350 serv_got_update (and should only be called by that function) any time
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351 a user signs on, signs off, goes away, comes back, goes idle, etc, etc,
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352 etc. Various things happen depending on the new state of the buddy.
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353
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354 struct buddy has a member, present, which is set to either 0, 1, or
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355 2. You can check if the buddy is online with "if (b->present)". This
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356 becomes important. present is set to either 0 or 1 by serv_got_update,
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357 or is not set at all. When the buddy is passed to set_buddy, if present
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358 is 1 then set_buddy plays the BUDDY_ARRIVE sound, and sets present to 2,
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359 to indicate it has already received notification of arrival. It then
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360 does other signin-related stuff: setting the pixmap to the login icon;
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361 updating the conversation windows; etc.
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362
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363 The most important thing it does though, if a buddy is present, is it
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364 checks for the existance of the appropriate group_show and buddy_show for
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365 that buddy. Each buddy must belong to a group. group_shows are based on
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366 name; there can only be one group_show for each group name. buddy_shows
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367 are based both on name and on group_show; there can only be one buddy_show
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368 in a group_show for each name. However, there can be two buddy_shows
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369 with the same name as long as they have different group_shows.
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370
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371 Each buddy_show has a GList of connections that has registered its related
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372 buddy as being online. set_buddy makes sure that the connection that it's
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373 being passed is part of the connlist for the buddy_show associated with
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374 the struct buddy that it's passed (it helps to know your data structures).
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375
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376 If a buddy logs off (b->present == 0), and a buddy_show exists for
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377 that buddy, then set_buddy will play the logoff sound, change the icon,
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378 remove the connection from the connlist for the buddy_show, etc.
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379
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380 And that's how that works. For the buddy lists, connections own buddies;
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381 for the window, the buddies own the connections. When the buddy_show
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382 connlist count drops to zero it disappears from existance.
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383
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384
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385 PLUGINS
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386 =======
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387
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388 OK, so you want to load a plugin. You go through whatever UI (you
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389 can read all about the UI in plugins.c or whereever). You finally get
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390 to load_plugin, the meat of the plugins stuff (plugins can actually
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391 call load_plugin themselves to load other plugins). load_plugin
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392 is passed the full path to the plugin you want to load
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393 (e.g. /usr/local/lib/gaim/irc.so).
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394
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395 load_plugin does a few things with that filename. The first is to see
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396 if you've already loaded that plugin. If you have, load_plugin unloads
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parents: 1099
diff changeset
397 the one that is currently loaded. You might wonder why; it's because
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
398 the same plugin can't be loaded twice. If you call g_module_open on a
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
399 filename twice, both times it will return the same pointer, and both times
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
400 increment the reference count on the GModule * that it returns. This
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
401 means you really do have the same plugin twice, which fucks up the
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
402 callback system to no end. So it's better that you can only have it
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
403 loaded once at any given time.
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
404
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
405 Now that we're assured that we don't have this particular plugin loaded
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
406 yet, we better load it. g_module_open, baby. Much more portable than
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
407 dlopen(). In fact, for Linux it actually is the equivalent of dlopen()
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
408 (you can read the gmodule source and see for yourself). There's only one
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
409 quirk. It always logically ORs the options you pass with RTLD_GLOBAL,
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
410 which means that plugins share symbols. I haven't figured out yet if
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
411 this means just functions or variables too; but in either case make every
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
412 function and variable in your plugin static except for gaim_plugin_*(),
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
413 name(), and description(). It's good coding practice anyway.
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
414
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
415 So, assuming we didn't get NULL back from g_module_open, we then make sure
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
416 it's a valid gaim plugin by looking for and calling gaim_plugin_init,
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
417 courtesy g_module_symbol (g_module_symbol is actually what's portable
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
418 about gmodule as opposed to dl*; some BSD's require '_' prepended to
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
419 symbol names and g_module_symbol guarantees we do The Right Thing).
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
420
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
421 Assuming we've found gaim_plugin_init and it hasn't returned non-NULL
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
422 to us, we then add it to our list of plugins and go merrily about our way.
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
423
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
424 So when do the callbacks happen?! plugin_event, baby, plugin_event. Any
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
425 time you want to trigger a plugin event simply call plugin_even with the
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
426 parameters to be passed to any event handlers and you're set. plugin_event
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
427 then makes sure that any plugins waiting for the event get passed the
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
428 arguments properly and passes it on to perl.
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
429
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
430 Speaking of perl. If you really want to know how this works, you're
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
431 better off reading X-Chat's documentation of it, because it's better
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
432 than what I could provide.
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
433
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
434
1063
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
435 MULTIPLE CONNECTIONS AND PRPLS
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
436 ==============================
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
437
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
438 OK, let's start with the basics. There are users. Each user is contained
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
439 in an aim_user struct, and kept track of in the aim_users GList (GSList?).
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
440 Each aim_user has certain features: a username, a password, and user_info.
1237
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
441 It also has certain options, and the protocol it uses to sign on (kept
2863
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
442 as an int which is #define'd in prpl.h).
1063
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
443
1237
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
444 Now then, there are protocols that gaim knows about. Each protocol is
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
445 in a prpl struct and kept track of in the protocols GSList. The way the
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
446 management of the protocols is, there will only ever be one prpl per
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
447 numeric protocol. Each prpl defines a basic set of functions: login,
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
448 logout, send_im, etc. The prpl is responsible not only for handling
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
449 these functions, but also for calling the appropriate serv_got functions
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
450 (e.g. serv_got_update when a buddy comes online/goes offline/goes
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
451 idle/etc). It handles each of these on a per-connection basis.
1063
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
452
1237
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
453 So why's it called a PRPL? It stands for PRotocol PLugin. That means
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
454 that it's possible to dynamically add new protocols to gaim. However,
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
455 all protocols must be implemented the same way: by using a prpl struct
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
456 and being loaded, regardless of whether they are static or dynamic.
1063
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
457
1237
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
458 Here's how struct gaim_connection fits into all of this. At some point
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
459 the User (capitalized to indicate a person and not a name) will try to
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
460 sign on one of Their users. serv_login is then called for that user. It
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
461 searches for the prpl that is assigned to that user, and calls that prpl's
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
462 login function, passing it the aim_user struct that is attempting to sign
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
463 on. The prpl is then responsible for seeing that the gaim_connection
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
464 is created (by calling new_gaim_connection), and registering it as
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
465 being online (by calling account_online and passing it the aim_user and
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
466 gaim_connection structs). At that point, the aim_user and gaim_connection
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
467 structs have pointers to each other, and the gaim_connection struct has
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
468 a pointer to the prpl struct that it is using. The gaim_connections are
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
469 stored in the connections GSList. The way connection management works is,
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
470 there will always only be one gaim_connection per user, and the prpl that
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
471 the gaim_connection uses will be constant for the gaim_connection's life.
1063
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
472
1237
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Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
473 So at certain points the User is going to want to do certain things,
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
474 like send a message. They must send the message on a connection. So the UI
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
475 figures out which gaim_connection the User want to send a message on (for
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
476 our example), and calls serv_send_im, telling it which gaim_connection to
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
477 use, and the necessary information (who to send it to, etc). The serv_
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
478 function then calls the handler of the prpl of the connection for that
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
479 event (that was way too many prepositions). OK, each prpl has a send_im
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
480 function. Each connection has a prpl. so you call gc->prpl->send_im and
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
481 pass it the connection and all the necessary info. And that's how things
72692c70317e [gaim-migrate @ 1247]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1099
diff changeset
482 get done.
1063
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
483
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
484 I hope some of that made sense. Looking back at it it makes absolutely no
e1408fb04c36 [gaim-migrate @ 1073]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 1038
diff changeset
485 sense to me. Thank god I wrote the code; otherwise I'm sure I'd be lost.
2166
dbd74f49dabb [gaim-migrate @ 2176]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2150
diff changeset
486
2863
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
487
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
488 WRITING PRPLS
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
489 =============
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
490
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
491 Start off with a protocol that you want to implement; make sure it has a
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
492 number defined in prpl.h. If it doesn't, talk to Rob or Eric about adding
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
493 it. *NEVER* use an unassigned number, not even for testing or personal
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
494 use. It's possible that number will be used later by something else and
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
495 that would cause quite a few head-scratchers.
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
496
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
497 Start off with the following boiler plate:
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
498
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
499 static struct prpl *my_protocol = NULL;
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
500
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
501 void newproto_init(struct prpl *ret) {
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
502 ret->protocol = PROTO_NEWPROTO;
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
503
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
504 my_protocol = ret;
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
505 }
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
506
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
507 #ifndef STATIC
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
508
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
509 char *gaim_plugin_init(GModule *handle)
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
510 {
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
511 load_protocol(newproto_init, sizeof(struct prpl));
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
512 return NULL;
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
513 }
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
514
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
515 void gaim_plugin_remove()
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
516 {
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
517 struct prpl *p = find_prpl(PROTO_NEWPROTO);
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
518 if (p == my_protocol)
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
519 unload_protocol(p);
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
520 }
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
521
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
522 char *name()
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
523 {
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
524 return "New Protocol";
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
525 }
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
526
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
527 char *description()
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
528 {
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
529 return PRPL_DESC("New Protocol");
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
530 }
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
531
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
532 #endif
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
533
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
534 Replace all NEWPROTO things with your protocol name (e.g. PROTO_OSCAR
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
535 instead of PROTO_NEWPROTO, oscar_init instead of newproto_init). Then
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
536 populate your struct prpl; the most important function is actually name(),
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
537 because without it, Gaim will most likely segfault. The second most
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
538 important function is login(). Not all functions need to be implemented.
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
539
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dbd74f49dabb [gaim-migrate @ 2176]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2150
diff changeset
540 There should be absolutely *ZERO* GTK in the PRPLs. PRPLs should *NEVER*
dbd74f49dabb [gaim-migrate @ 2176]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2150
diff changeset
541 say what the UI *looks* like, only what information needs to be there.
dbd74f49dabb [gaim-migrate @ 2176]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2150
diff changeset
542 There's currently an effort to get the GTK that is contained in the PRPLs
dbd74f49dabb [gaim-migrate @ 2176]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2150
diff changeset
543 directory out of there. If you submit a patch that adds GTK to those
dbd74f49dabb [gaim-migrate @ 2176]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2150
diff changeset
544 directories it's very likely to be refused, unless if I'm in a good mood
dbd74f49dabb [gaim-migrate @ 2176]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2150
diff changeset
545 and decide to relocate things for you. That's not likely.
2863
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
546
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
547 You're probably wondering how you can do certain things without GTK. Well,
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
548 you're just going to have to make do. Rely on the UI, that's why it's
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
549 there. A PRPL should have absolutely ZERO interaction with the user, it
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
550 should all be handled by the UI.
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
551
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
552 Don't use the _options variables at all. The core should take care of all
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
553 of that. There are several proto_opt fields that you can use on a per-user
0e70fe072ab4 [gaim-migrate @ 2876]
Eric Warmenhoven <eric@warmenhoven.org>
parents: 2655
diff changeset
554 basis. Check out existing protocols for more details.