annotate libpurple/protocols/oscar/clientlogin.c @ 27161:7054f810b0f9

Check in code that connects to oscar using clientLogin. This is the authentication scheme they've publically documented. We still use the old MD5-style login as the default, but you can optionally try this out by checking a check box on the advanced tab of your oscar account. Functionally everything is supposed to be the same. However, for some reason users with Mobile IM forwarding turned on don't show up online and can't be messaged. Not sure why. Using clientLogin DOES make it easier for AOL to track us. And yes, it probably makes it easier for AOL to block us, too. But I don't believe they want to do that. I believe they're trying to keep their network open, and I think we should appreciate that and try to work with them. We're not just some small open source project that slips under the radar unnoticed anymore. It's good to have options, right? None of this code was taken from anywhere (outside of libpurple). I wrote it all from scratch (and took a few bits from other places in libpurple). I did use the documentation on http://dev.aol.com/aim , but I don't believe that affects us from a licensing standpoint in any way. If you disagree we should talk about it on the devel mailing list.

/*
 * Purple's oscar protocol plugin
 * This file is the legal property of its developers.
 * Please see the AUTHORS file distributed alongside this file.
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02111-1301  USA
*/

/**
 * This file implements AIM's clientLogin procedure for authenticating
 * users.  This replaces the older MD5-based and XOR-based
 * authentication methods that use SNAC family 0x0017.
 *
 * This doesn't use SNACs or FLAPs at all.  It makes http and https
 * POSTs to AOL to validate the user based on the password they
 * provided to us.  Upon successful authentication we request a
 * connection to the BOS server by calling startOSCARsession.  The
 * AOL server gives us the hostname and port number to use, as well
 * as the cookie to use to authenticate to the BOS server.  And then
 * everything else is the same as with BUCP.
 *
 * For details, see:
 * http://dev.aol.com/aim/oscar/#AUTH
 * http://dev.aol.com/authentication_for_clients
 */

#include "cipher.h"
#include "core.h"

#include "oscar.h"

#define URL_CLIENT_LOGIN "https://api.screenname.aol.com/auth/clientLogin"
#define URL_START_OSCAR_SESSION "http://api.oscar.aol.com/aim/startOSCARSession"

/*
 * Using clientLogin requires a developer ID.  This dev ID is owned by
 * the AIM account "markdoliner"
 */
#define CLIENT_KEY "ma15d7JTxbmVG-RP"

/**
 * This is similar to purple_url_encode() except that it follows
 * RFC3986 a little more closely by not encoding - . _ and ~
 * It also uses capital letters as hex characters because capital
 * letters are required by AOL.  The RFC says that capital letters
 * are a SHOULD and that URLs that use capital letters are
 * equivalent to URLs that use small letters.
 *
 * TODO: Check if purple_url_encode() can be replaced with this
 *       version without breaking anything.
 */
static const char *oscar_auth_url_encode(const char *str)
{
	const char *iter;
	static char buf[BUF_LEN];
	char utf_char[6];
	guint i, j = 0;

	g_return_val_if_fail(str != NULL, NULL);
	g_return_val_if_fail(g_utf8_validate(str, -1, NULL), NULL);

	iter = str;
	for (; *iter && j < (BUF_LEN - 1) ; iter = g_utf8_next_char(iter)) {
		gunichar c = g_utf8_get_char(iter);
		/* If the character is an ASCII character and is alphanumeric
		 * no need to escape */
		if ((c < 128 && isalnum(c)) || c =='-' || c == '.' || c == '_' || c == '~') {
			buf[j++] = c;
		} else {
			int bytes = g_unichar_to_utf8(c, utf_char);
			for (i = 0; i < bytes; i++) {
				if (j > (BUF_LEN - 4))
					break;
				sprintf(buf + j, "%%%02X", utf_char[i] & 0xff);
				j += 3;
			}
		}
	}

	buf[j] = '\0';

	return buf;
}

/**
 * @return A null-terminated base64 encoded version of the HMAC
 *         calculated using the given key and data.
 */
static gchar *hmac_sha256(const char *key, const char *message)
{
	PurpleCipherContext *context;
	guchar digest[32];

	context = purple_cipher_context_new_by_name("hmac", NULL);
	purple_cipher_context_set_option(context, "hash", "sha256");
	purple_cipher_context_set_key(context, (guchar *)key);
	purple_cipher_context_append(context, (guchar *)message, strlen(message));
	purple_cipher_context_digest(context, sizeof(digest), digest, NULL);
	purple_cipher_context_destroy(context);

	return purple_base64_encode(digest, sizeof(digest));
}

/**
 * @return A base-64 encoded HMAC-SHA256 signature created using the
 *         technique documented at
 *         http://dev.aol.com/authentication_for_clients#signing
 */
static gchar *generate_signature(const char *method, const char *url, const char *parameters, const char *session_key)
{
	char *encoded_url, *signature_base_string, *signature;
	const char *encoded_parameters;

	encoded_url = g_strdup(oscar_auth_url_encode(url));
	encoded_parameters = oscar_auth_url_encode(parameters);
	signature_base_string = g_strdup_printf("%s&%s&%s",
			method, encoded_url, encoded_parameters);
	g_free(encoded_url);

	signature = hmac_sha256(session_key, signature_base_string);
	g_free(signature_base_string);

	return signature;
}

static gboolean parse_start_oscar_session_response(PurpleConnection *gc, const gchar *response, gsize response_len, char **host, unsigned short *port, char **cookie)
{
	xmlnode *response_node, *tmp_node, *data_node;
	xmlnode *host_node, *port_node, *cookie_node;
	char *tmp;

	/* Parse the response as XML */
	response_node = xmlnode_from_str(response, response_len);
	if (response_node == NULL)
	{
		purple_debug_error("oscar", "startOSCARSession could not parse "
				"response as XML: %s\n", response);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR,
				_("Received unexpected response from " URL_START_OSCAR_SESSION));
		return FALSE;
	}

	/* Grab the necessary XML nodes */
	tmp_node = xmlnode_get_child(response_node, "statusCode");
	data_node = xmlnode_get_child(response_node, "data");
	if (data_node != NULL) {
		host_node = xmlnode_get_child(data_node, "host");
		port_node = xmlnode_get_child(data_node, "port");
		cookie_node = xmlnode_get_child(data_node, "cookie");
	}

	/* Make sure we have a status code */
	if (tmp_node == NULL || (tmp = xmlnode_get_data_unescaped(tmp_node)) == NULL) {
		purple_debug_error("oscar", "startOSCARSession response was "
				"missing statusCode: %s\n", response);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR,
				_("Received unexpected response from " URL_START_OSCAR_SESSION));
		xmlnode_free(response_node);
		return FALSE;
	}

	/* Make sure the status code was 200 */
	if (strcmp(tmp, "200") != 0)
	{
		purple_debug_error("oscar", "startOSCARSession response statusCode "
				"was %s: %s\n", tmp, response);

		if (strcmp(tmp, "401") == 0)
			purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
					PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_OTHER_ERROR,
					_("You have been connecting and disconnecting too "
					  "frequently. Wait ten minutes and try again. If "
					  "you continue to try, you will need to wait even "
					  "longer."));
		else
			purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
					PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_OTHER_ERROR,
					_("Received unexpected response from " URL_START_OSCAR_SESSION));

		g_free(tmp);
		xmlnode_free(response_node);
		return FALSE;
	}
	g_free(tmp);

	/* Make sure we have everything else */
	if (data_node == NULL || host_node == NULL ||
		port_node == NULL || cookie_node == NULL)
	{
		purple_debug_error("oscar", "startOSCARSession response was missing "
				"something: %s\n", response);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR,
				_("Received unexpected response from " URL_START_OSCAR_SESSION));
		xmlnode_free(response_node);
		return FALSE;
	}

	/* Extract data from the XML */
	*host = xmlnode_get_data_unescaped(host_node);
	tmp = xmlnode_get_data_unescaped(port_node);
	*cookie = xmlnode_get_data_unescaped(cookie_node);
	if (*host == NULL || **host == '\0' || tmp == NULL || *tmp == '\0' || cookie == NULL || *cookie == '\0')
	{
		purple_debug_error("oscar", "startOSCARSession response was missing "
				"something: %s\n", response);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR,
				_("Received unexpected response from " URL_START_OSCAR_SESSION));
		g_free(*host);
		g_free(tmp);
		g_free(*cookie);
		xmlnode_free(response_node);
		return FALSE;
	}

	*port = atoi(tmp);
	g_free(tmp);

	return TRUE;
}

static void start_oscar_session_cb(PurpleUtilFetchUrlData *url_data, gpointer user_data, const gchar *url_text, gsize len, const gchar *error_message)
{
	OscarData *od;
	PurpleConnection *gc;
	char *host, *cookie;
	unsigned short port;
	guint8 *cookiedata;
	gsize cookiedata_len;

	od = user_data;
	gc = od->gc;

	od->url_data = NULL;

	if (error_message != NULL || len == 0) {
		gchar *tmp;
		tmp = g_strdup_printf(_("Error requesting " URL_START_OSCAR_SESSION
				": %s"), error_message);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR, tmp);
		g_free(tmp);
		return;
	}

	if (!parse_start_oscar_session_response(gc, url_text, len, &host, &port, &cookie))
		return;

	cookiedata = purple_base64_decode(cookie, &cookiedata_len);
	oscar_connect_to_bos(gc, od, host, port, cookiedata, cookiedata_len);
	g_free(cookiedata);

	g_free(host);
	g_free(cookie);
}

static void send_start_oscar_session(OscarData *od, const char *token, const char *session_key, time_t hosttime)
{
	char *query_string, *signature, *url;

	/* Construct the GET parameters */
	query_string = g_strdup_printf("a=%s"
			"&f=xml"
			"&k=" CLIENT_KEY
			"&ts=%zu"
			"&useTLS=0",
			oscar_auth_url_encode(token), hosttime);
	signature = generate_signature("GET", URL_START_OSCAR_SESSION,
			query_string, session_key);
	url = g_strdup_printf(URL_START_OSCAR_SESSION "?%s&sig_sha256=%s",
			query_string, signature);
	g_free(query_string);
	g_free(signature);

	/* Make the request */
	od->url_data = purple_util_fetch_url(url, TRUE, NULL, FALSE,
			start_oscar_session_cb, od);
	g_free(url);
}

/**
 * This function parses the given response from a clientLogin request
 * and extracts the useful information.
 *
 * @param gc           The PurpleConnection.  If the response data does
 *                     not indicate then purple_connection_error_reason()
 *                     will be called to close this connection.
 * @param response     The response data from the clientLogin request.
 * @param response_len The length of the above response, or -1 if
 *                     @response is NUL terminated.
 * @param token        If parsing was successful then this will be set to
 *                     a newly allocated string containing the token.  The
 *                     caller should g_free this string when it is finished
 *                     with it.  On failure this value will be untouched.
 * @param secret       If parsing was successful then this will be set to
 *                     a newly allocated string containing the secret.  The
 *                     caller should g_free this string when it is finished
 *                     with it.  On failure this value will be untouched.
 * @param hosttime     If parsing was successful then this will be set to
 *                     the time on the OpenAuth Server in seconds since the
 *                     Unix epoch.  On failure this value will be untouched.
 *
 * @return TRUE if the request was successful and we were able to
 *         extract all info we need.  Otherwise FALSE.
 */
static gboolean parse_client_login_response(PurpleConnection *gc, const gchar *response, gsize response_len, char **token, char **secret, time_t *hosttime)
{
	xmlnode *response_node, *tmp_node, *data_node;
	xmlnode *secret_node, *hosttime_node, *token_node, *tokena_node;
	char *tmp;

	/* Parse the response as XML */
	response_node = xmlnode_from_str(response, response_len);
	if (response_node == NULL)
	{
		purple_debug_error("oscar", "clientLogin could not parse "
				"response as XML: %s\n", response);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR,
				_("Received unexpected response from " URL_CLIENT_LOGIN));
		return FALSE;
	}

	/* Grab the necessary XML nodes */
	tmp_node = xmlnode_get_child(response_node, "statusCode");
	data_node = xmlnode_get_child(response_node, "data");
	if (data_node != NULL) {
		secret_node = xmlnode_get_child(data_node, "sessionSecret");
		hosttime_node = xmlnode_get_child(data_node, "hostTime");
		token_node = xmlnode_get_child(data_node, "token");
		if (token_node != NULL)
			tokena_node = xmlnode_get_child(token_node, "a");
	}

	/* Make sure we have a status code */
	if (tmp_node == NULL || (tmp = xmlnode_get_data_unescaped(tmp_node)) == NULL) {
		purple_debug_error("oscar", "clientLogin response was "
				"missing statusCode: %s\n", response);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR,
				_("Received unexpected response from " URL_CLIENT_LOGIN));
		xmlnode_free(response_node);
		return FALSE;
	}

	/* Make sure the status code was 200 */
	if (strcmp(tmp, "200") != 0)
	{
		int status_code, status_detail_code = 0;

		status_code = atoi(tmp);
		g_free(tmp);
		tmp_node = xmlnode_get_child(response_node, "statusDetailCode");
		if (tmp_node != NULL && (tmp = xmlnode_get_data_unescaped(tmp_node)) != NULL) {
			status_detail_code = atoi(tmp);
			g_free(tmp);
		}

		purple_debug_error("oscar", "clientLogin response statusCode "
				"was %d (%d): %s\n", status_code, status_detail_code, response);

		if (status_code == 330 && status_detail_code == 3011) {
			purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
					PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED,
					_("Incorrect password."));
		} else if (status_code == 401 && status_detail_code == 3019) {
			purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
					PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_OTHER_ERROR,
					_("AOL does not allow your screen name to authenticate via this site."));
		} else
			purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
					PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_OTHER_ERROR,
					_("Received unexpected response from " URL_CLIENT_LOGIN));

		xmlnode_free(response_node);
		return FALSE;
	}
	g_free(tmp);

	/* Make sure we have everything else */
	if (data_node == NULL || secret_node == NULL ||
		token_node == NULL || tokena_node == NULL)
	{
		purple_debug_error("oscar", "clientLogin response was missing "
				"something: %s\n", response);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR,
				_("Received unexpected response from " URL_CLIENT_LOGIN));
		xmlnode_free(response_node);
		return FALSE;
	}

	/* Extract data from the XML */
	*token = xmlnode_get_data_unescaped(tokena_node);
	*secret = xmlnode_get_data_unescaped(secret_node);
	tmp = xmlnode_get_data_unescaped(hosttime_node);
	if (*token == NULL || **token == '\0' || *secret == NULL || **secret == '\0' || tmp == NULL || *tmp == '\0')
	{
		purple_debug_error("oscar", "clientLogin response was missing "
				"something: %s\n", response);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR,
				_("Received unexpected response from " URL_CLIENT_LOGIN));
		g_free(*token);
		g_free(*secret);
		g_free(tmp);
		xmlnode_free(response_node);
		return FALSE;
	}

	*hosttime = strtol(tmp, NULL, 10);
	g_free(tmp);

	xmlnode_free(response_node);

	return TRUE;
}

static void client_login_cb(PurpleUtilFetchUrlData *url_data, gpointer user_data, const gchar *url_text, gsize len, const gchar *error_message)
{
	OscarData *od;
	PurpleConnection *gc;
	char *token, *secret, *session_key;
	time_t hosttime;
	int password_len;
	char *password;

	od = user_data;
	gc = od->gc;

	od->url_data = NULL;

	if (error_message != NULL || len == 0) {
		gchar *tmp;
		tmp = g_strdup_printf(_("Error requesting " URL_CLIENT_LOGIN
				": %s"), error_message);
		purple_connection_error_reason(gc,
				PURPLE_CONNECTION_ERROR_NETWORK_ERROR, tmp);
		g_free(tmp);
		return;
	}

	if (!parse_client_login_response(gc, url_text, len, &token, &secret, &hosttime))
		return;

	password_len = strlen(purple_connection_get_password(gc));
	password = g_strdup_printf("%.*s",
			od->icq ? MIN(password_len, MAXICQPASSLEN) : password_len,
			purple_connection_get_password(gc));
	session_key = hmac_sha256(password, secret);
	g_free(password);
	g_free(secret);

	send_start_oscar_session(od, token, session_key, hosttime);

	g_free(token);
	g_free(session_key);
}

/**
 * This function sends a request to
 * https://api.screenname.aol.com/auth/clientLogin with the user's
 * username and password and receives the user's session key, which is
 * used to request a connection to the BOSS server.
 */
void send_client_login(OscarData *od, const char *username)
{
	PurpleConnection *gc;
	GString *request, *body;
	const char *tmp;
	char *password;
	int password_len;

	gc = od->gc;

	/*
	 * We truncate ICQ passwords to 8 characters.  There is probably a
	 * limit for AIM passwords, too, but we really only need to do
	 * this for ICQ because older ICQ clients let you enter a password
	 * as long as you wanted and then they truncated it silently.
	 *
	 * And we can truncate based on the number of bytes and not the
	 * number of characters because passwords for AIM and ICQ are
	 * supposed to be plain ASCII (I don't know if this has always been
	 * the case, though).
	 */
	tmp = purple_connection_get_password(gc);
	password_len = strlen(tmp);
	password = g_strndup(tmp, od->icq ? MIN(password_len, MAXICQPASSLEN) : password_len);

	/* Construct the body of the HTTP POST request */
	body = g_string_new("");
	g_string_append_printf(body, "devId=" CLIENT_KEY);
	g_string_append_printf(body, "&f=xml");
	g_string_append_printf(body, "&pwd=%s", oscar_auth_url_encode(password));
	g_string_append_printf(body, "&s=%s", oscar_auth_url_encode(username));
	g_free(password);

	/* Construct an HTTP POST request */
	request = g_string_new("POST /auth/clientLogin HTTP/1.0\r\n"
			"Connection: close\r\n"
			"Accept: */*\r\n");

	/* Tack on the body */
	g_string_append_printf(request, "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8\r\n");
	g_string_append_printf(request, "Content-Length: %lu\r\n\r\n", body->len);
	g_string_append_len(request, body->str, body->len);
	g_string_free(body, TRUE);

	/* Send the POST request  */
	od->url_data = purple_util_fetch_url_request(URL_CLIENT_LOGIN,
			TRUE, NULL, FALSE, request->str, FALSE,
			client_login_cb, od);
	g_string_free(request, TRUE);
}