Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/German/sound.html @ 6336:0072709d0630
updated to english version, fixes
author | jonas |
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date | Fri, 07 Jun 2002 23:01:31 +0000 |
parents | cd1cde2f3cc0 |
children | 13c35228abe8 |
rev | line source |
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1 <HTML> |
4996 | 2 |
3 <HEAD> | |
4 <STYLE> | |
5 .text | |
6 {font-family : Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; | |
7 font-size : 14px;} | |
8 </STYLE> | |
9 </HEAD> | |
10 | |
1959 | 11 <BODYBGCOLOR=white> |
12 | |
4996 | 13 <FONT CLASS="text"> |
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14 |
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15 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2>2.3.2. Audio Ausgabe-Geräte</A></B></P> |
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16 |
1959 | 17 <P><B>MPlayer</B>s Audio-Interface wird <I>libao2</I> genannt. Es enthält |
18 zur Zeit diese Treiber:</P> | |
19 | |
20 <TABLE BORDER=0> | |
21 | |
6336 | 22 <TR><TD COLSPAN=4><P><B><FONT CLASS="text">Allgemein:</B></P></TD></TR> |
1959 | 23 |
6336 | 24 <TR><TD> </TD><TD VALIGN=top><FONT CLASS="text">oss</TD><TD> </TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS (ioctl) Treiber (unterstützt Hardware AC3-Durchgabe)</TD></TR> |
4996 | 25 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top><FONT CLASS="text">sdl</TD><TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">SDL Treiber (unterstützt Up-/Downsampling, <B>ESD</B>, <B>ARTS</B> usw.)</TD></TR> |
26 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top><FONT CLASS="text">nas</TD><TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">NAS (Network Audio System) Treiber</TD></TR> | |
27 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top><FONT CLASS="text">alsa5</TD><TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA 0.5 Treiber</TD></TR> | |
6336 | 28 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top><FONT CLASS="text">alsa9</TD><TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA 0.9 Treiber (funkioniert, macht aber Probleme -> verwende OSS) (unterstützt Hardware AC3-Durchgabe)</TD></TR> |
4996 | 29 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top><FONT CLASS="text">sun</TD><TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">SUN Audio-Treiber (/dev/audio) für BSD und Solaris8 Anwender</TD></TR> |
6336 | 30 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top><FONT CLASS="text">arts</TD><TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ARTS Treiber (hauptsächlich für KDE Benutzer)</TD></TR> |
1959 | 31 </TABLE> |
32 | |
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33 <P>Fakt ist, dass Linux-Soundkartentreiber Kompatibilitätsprobleme haben. |
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34 Es <B>kann</B> vielleicht eine Weile dauern, bis du die optimale Einstellung hat.</P> |
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35 |
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36 <UL> |
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37 <LI>Wenn du einen OSS-Treiber hast, versuche als erstes <CODE>-ao oss</CODE> (dies ist Standard). |
1959 | 38 Wenn du keine Fehler, Verzögerungen oder irgendetwas anderes ungewöhliches hörst, |
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39 versuche mal <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE> (HINWEIS: die neue SDL Library und das dazugehörigen Devel-Paket |
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40 müssen installiert sein). Der SDL-Audiotreiber hilft in vielen Fällen (er unterstützt auch |
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41 ESD, ARTS und Up-/Downsampling. (ESD ist der Sounddaemon von GNOME, arts der von KDE).</LI> |
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42 <LI>Wenn du ALSA Version 0.5 verwendest, musst du fast immer <CODE>-ao alsa5</CODE> nehmen, |
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43 weil ALSA 0.5 einen fehlerhaften OSS Emulationscode hat. <B>MPlayer</B> wird mit |
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44 etwa so einer Meldung <B>abstürzen</B>:<BR> |
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45 <CODE>DEMUXER: Too many (945 in 8390980 bytes) video packets in the buffer!</CODE></UL> |
1959 | 46 </LI> |
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47 <LI>Wenn du ALSA Version 0.9 hast, kannst du zwischen <CODE>-ao oss</CODE> und <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE> wählen. |
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48 Du kannst auch <CODE>-ao alsa9</CODE> verwenden, aber es hat noch einige Probleme, wie Synchronisation |
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49 oder ein plötzliches Verschwinden des Tons.</LI> |
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50 </UL> |
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51 |
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52 <P>Verwende auf <B>Solaris/FreeBSD</B> Systemen den SUN Audio-Treiber mit der <CODE>-ao sun</CODE> Option, |
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53 ansonsten wirst du weder Video noch Ton haben.</P> |
1959 | 54 |
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55 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.1>2.3.2.1. Soundkarten Erfahrungen, Empfehlungen</A></B></P> |
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56 |
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57 <TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH=100%> |
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58 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">VIA Onboard-Chipset (via82cxxx) nur 48Khz</B></TD><TR> |
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59 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Treiber:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text"> siehe |
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60 <A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3242&release_id=59602">hier</A></TD><TR> |
3212 | 61 |
4996 | 62 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">Aureal Vortex 2</B></TD><TR> |
63 <TD> </TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS/Free:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">kein Treiber</TD><TR> | |
5185 | 64 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK</TD><TR> |
65 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">kein Treiber</TD><TR> | |
4996 | 66 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">48</TD><TR> |
67 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Treiber:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text"><A HREF="http://aureal.sourceforge.net">aureal.sourceforge.net</A></TD><TR> | |
68 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Treiber2:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text"> von <A HREF="http://makacs.poliod.hu/~pontscho/aureal/au88xx-1.1.3.tar.bz2">hier</A><BR> | |
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69 (<I>Buffergröße erhöht auf 32k</I>)</TD><TR> |
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70 |
4996 | 71 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">GUS PnP</B></TD><TR> |
72 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">kein Treiber</TD><TR> | |
73 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS/Pro:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK</TD><TR> | |
74 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK</TD><TR> | |
75 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">48</TD><TR> | |
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76 |
4996 | 77 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">SB Live!</B></TD><TR> |
5185 | 78 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Analog OK, SP/DIF funktioniert nicht</TD><TR> |
79 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Beide OK</TD><TR> | |
80 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">192</TD><TR> | |
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81 |
4996 | 82 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">SB AWE 64</B></TD><TR> |
83 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">max 44kHz</TD><TR> | |
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84 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">48kHz schlechte Soundqualität</TD><TR> |
4996 | 85 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">48</TD><TR> |
1959 | 86 |
4996 | 87 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">Gravis UltraSound ACE</B></TD><TR> |
88 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">nicht OK</TD><TR> | |
89 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK</TD><TR> | |
90 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">48</TD><TR> | |
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91 |
4996 | 92 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">Gravis UltraSound MAX</B></TD><TR> |
93 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK</TD><TR> | |
94 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK (?)</TD><TR> | |
95 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">48</TD><TR> | |
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96 |
4996 | 97 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">ESS 688</B></TD><TR> |
98 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK</TD><TR> | |
99 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK (?)</TD><TR> | |
100 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">48</TD><TR> | |
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101 |
4996 | 102 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">C-Media Karten (welche?)</B></TD><TR> |
103 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">nicht OK (zischen) (?)</TD><TR> | |
104 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK (?)</TD><TR> | |
105 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">?</TD><TR> | |
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106 |
4996 | 107 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">Yamaha Karten (*ymf*)</B></TD><TR> |
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108 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">nicht OK (?) (vielleicht <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE>)</TD><TR> |
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109 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK, nur mit ALSA 0.5 mit OSS-Emulation <B>UND</B> <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE> (!) (?)</TD><TR> |
4996 | 110 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">?</TD><TR> |
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111 |
4996 | 112 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">Karten mit envy24 Chips (wie Terratec EWS88MT)</B></TD><TR> |
113 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">?</TD><TR> | |
114 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS/Pro:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK</TD><TR> | |
115 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">?</TD><TR> | |
116 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">?</TD><TR> | |
3445 | 117 |
4996 | 118 <TD COLSPAN=3><B><FONT CLASS="text">PC Speaker oder DAC</B></TD><TR> |
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119 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OSS:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">OK (verwende den SDL-Treiber: <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE>)</TD><TR> |
4996 | 120 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">ALSA:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">kein Treiber</TD><TR> |
121 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Max kHz:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">der Treiber emuliert 44.1, möglicherweise mehr</TD><TR> | |
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122 <TD></TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text">Treiber:</TD><TD><FONT CLASS="text"><A HREF="ftp://ftp.infradead.org/pub/pcsp">ftp://ftp.infradead.org/pub/pcsp</A></TD> |
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123 </TABLE> |
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124 |
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125 <UL> |
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126 <LI>Unter Linux wird ein 2.4.x Kernel sehr empfohlen, Kernel 2.2 wird nicht getestet.</LI> |
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127 <LI>Wenn der sound während der Wiedergabe von CD-ROM "klickende" Geräusche |
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128 verursacht, schalte die Interupt-Unmaskierung ein, zum Beispiel |
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129 <CODE>hdparm -u1 /dev/cdrom</CODE> (<CODE>man hdparm</CODE>). |
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130 Dies ist allgemein besser und wird in der <A HREF="cd-dvd.html#4.1">CD-ROM Sektion</A> genauer beschrieben. |
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131 <LI>Von einer Verwendung der Soundkarte mit anderen Anwendungen wie XMMS <B>wird stark abgeraten</B>! |
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132 Wenn die andere Anwendung ESD verwendet, starte <B>MPlayer</B> mit der Option <CODE>-vo sdl:esd</CODE> |
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133 um beide Soundausgaben zu kombinieren! Die Option <CODE>-vo sdl:esd</CODE> könnte auch verwendet |
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134 werden, wenn nur <B>Mplayer</B> alleine etwas wiedergibt.</LI> |
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135 <LI>Rückmeldungen zu diesem Dokument sind willkommen. Bitte sag uns, wie <B>MPlayer</B> und |
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136 deine Soundkarte(n) zusammen funktionieren.</LI> |
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137 </UL> |
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138 |
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140 | |
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141 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2>2.3.2.2. Audio Plugins</A></B></P> |
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143 <P><B>MPlayer</B> hat Unterstützung für Audio Plugins. Audio Plugins können |
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144 benutzt werden, um die Einstellungen der Audio-Daten zu ändern bevor der Ton die |
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145 Soundkarte erreicht. Sie werden aktiviert durch den <CODE>-aop</CODE> Schalter, welcher |
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146 <CODE>list=plugin1,plugin2,...</CODE> als Argument hat. Das <CODE>list</CODE> |
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147 ist benötigt, um festzustellen welche Plugins in welcher Reihenfolge benutzt werden |
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148 sollen. Beispiel: |
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149 </P> |
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150 |
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151 <P> <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=resample,format</CODE></P> |
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152 |
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153 <P>würde den Ton durch das Resampling-Plugin laufen lassen, gefolgt von dem Format des |
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154 Plugins. |
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155 </P> |
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156 |
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157 <P>Die Plugins können auch Schalter haben, welche ihr Verhalten ändern. |
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158 Diese Schalter sind im unteren Abschnitt im Detail beschrieben. Ein Plugin wird |
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159 mit den Standardeinstellungen gestartet, wenn dessen Optionen nicht mitgegeben werden. |
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160 Hier ist ein Beispiel, wie man Plugins in Kombination mit Plugin spezifischen Schaltern verwendet: |
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161 </P> |
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162 |
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163 <P> <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop |
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164 list=resample,format:fout=44100:format=0x8</CODE> |
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165 </P> |
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166 |
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167 <P>würde die Ausgabefrequenz des Resample-Plugins auf 44100Hz and das |
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168 Ausgabeformat des Format-Plugins auf AFMT_U8 stellen. |
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169 </P> |
4996 | 170 |
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171 <P>Momentan können Audio-Plugins nicht im <B>MEncoder</B> verwendet werden.</P> |
4996 | 172 |
173 | |
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174 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.1>2.3.2.2.1. Up/Downsampling</A></B></P> |
3707 | 175 |
176 <P><B>MPlayer</B> unterstützt vollständiges up/downsampling von Audiostreams. | |
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177 Dieses Plugin kann verwendet werden, wenn man eine Soundkarte mit fester Frequenz |
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178 besitzt oder wenn man eine alte Soundkarte am Hals hat, welche nur max 44.1kHz verarbeitet. |
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179 Beschränkungen in der Hardware werden nicht automatisch erkannt, also muss man die |
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180 Sample-Frequenz explizit angeben. Dieses Plugin hat einen Schalter: |
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181 <CODE>fout</CODE>, welcher benutzt wird um die gewünschte Ausgabefrequenz zu setzen. |
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182 Der Standard ist 48kHz, und wird in <Hz> angegeben. |
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184 <P>Verwendung:<BR> | |
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185 <CODE>mplayer medium.avi -aop list=resample:fout=<erforderliche Frequenz in Hz, z.B. 44100></CODE></P> |
3707 | 186 |
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187 <P>Hinweis: Die Ausgabefrequenz sollte nicht vom Standard-Wert hochscaliert werden. |
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188 Die Skalierung führt dazu, dass der Audio- und Video-Stream in Zeitlupe wiedergegeben |
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189 werden, zusätzlich zu den Audioverzerrungen.</P> |
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191 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.2>2.3.2.2.2. Surround Sound Decodierung</A></B></P> |
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192 |
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193 <P><B>MPlayer</B> hat ein Audio-Plugin das matrix codierten Surround Sound decodieren kann. |
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194 Dolby Surround ist ein Beispiel eines matrix codierten Formats. |
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195 Viele Dateien mit 2 Audiokanälen enthalten tatsächlich matrix Surround Sound. |
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196 Um dieses Feature zu benutzen, brauchst du eine Soundkarte mit mindestens 4 Kanälen.</P> |
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197 |
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198 <P>Verwendung:<BR> |
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199 <CODE>mplayer medium.avi -aop list=surround</CODE></P> |
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200 |
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201 |
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202 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.3>2.3.2.2.3. Sample Format Konvertierer</A></B></P> |
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203 |
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204 <P>Wenn deine Soundkarte keinen signed 16bit <CODE>int</CODE> Datentyp unterstützt, kann dieses |
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205 Plugin benutzt werden um das Format in eines zu ändern, das deine Soundkarte versteht. |
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206 Es hat nur einen Schalter <CODE>format</CODE>, welcher auf eine Nummer gestellt werden kann, |
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207 die man der Datei <CODE>libao2/afmt.h</CODE> findet. Dieses Plugin wird praktisch nie gebraucht |
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208 und ist für erfahrene Anwender gedacht. Bedenke, dass dieses Plugin nur das Sample Format und |
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209 nicht die Samplefrequenz oder die Anzahl Kanäle ändert. |
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210 </P> |
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211 |
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212 <P>Verwendung:<BR> |
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213 <CODE>mplayer medium.avi -aop |
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214 list=format:format=<required output format></CODE> |
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215 </P> |
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216 |
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217 |
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218 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.4>2.3.2.2.4. Verzögerung</A></B></P> |
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220 <P>Dieses Plugin verzögert den Ton und ist als Beispiel gedacht, wie man neue Plugins |
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221 schreibt. Es kann für nichts sinnvolles aus der Anwenderperspektive verwendet werden |
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222 und ist hier nur aus Gründen der Vollständigkeit erwähnt. Verwende dieses Plugin nicht, |
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223 wenn du kein Entwickler bist.</P> |
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224 |
4996 | 225 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.5>2.3.2.2.5. Software Lautstärkeregelung</A></B></P> |
226 | |
227 <P>Dieses Plugin ist ein Software-Ersatz für die Lautstärkereglung und | |
228 kann in Maschinen mit kaputtem Mixer-Device verwendet werden. Es kann | |
229 auch verwendet werden, wenn man die Ausgabelautstärke von <B>MPlayer</B> | |
230 zu ändern ohne die Einstellung der PCM-Lautstärke im Mixer zu ändern. | |
231 Es gibt einen Schalter <CODE>volume</CODE>, welcher verwendet wird um | |
232 den anfänglichen Schallpegel festzulegen. Der anfängliche Schallpegel | |
5185 | 233 kann auf Werte zwischen 0 und 255 festgelegt werden (normal auf 101, |
234 was 0db Verstärkung entspricht). Benutze dieses Plugin mit Vorsicht, | |
235 da es das Signal auf das Geräuschverhältnis des Tons reduzieren kann. | |
236 In den meisten Fällen ist es das beste, die Stufe für den PCM-Ton auf | |
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237 das Maximum zu stellen, dieses Plugin nicht zu verwenden und die Lautstärke |
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238 zu deinen Boxen mit der Master-Lautstärkeregelung zu kontrollieren. |
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239 Wenn ein externer Verstärker mit dem Computer verbunden ist (was fast |
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240 immer der Fall ist), kann der Geräuschepegel durch die Anpassung des |
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241 Master-Stufe und der Lautstärkeknöpfe des Verstärkers minimiert werden, |
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242 bis das Hintergrundrauschen verschwindet. |
4996 | 243 </P> |
244 | |
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245 <P>Verwendung:<BR> |
4996 | 246 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop |
247 list=volume:volume=<0-255></CODE> | |
248 </P> | |
249 | |
5185 | 250 <P>Dieses Plugin besitzt auch einen Kompressor oder "soft-clipping" Fähigkeiten. |
251 Die Kompression kann benutzt werden, wenn der dynamische Bereich des Tons sehr hoch | |
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252 ist oder wenn der dynamische Bereich der Lautsprecher sehr niedrig ist. Sei dir bewusst, |
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253 dass dieses Feature Verzerrungen verursacht, es sollte erst als letzte Möglichkeit |
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254 in Betracht gezogen werden. |
5185 | 255 </P> |
256 | |
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257 <P>Verwendung:<BR> |
5185 | 258 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop |
259 list=volume:softclip</CODE> | |
260 </P> | |
261 | |
4996 | 262 |
5071 | 263 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.6>2.3.2.2.6. Extrastereo</A></B></P> |
4996 | 264 |
265 <P>Dieses Plugin erhäht (linear) die Differenz zwischen dem linken und rechten | |
266 Kanal (wie das XMMS Extrastereo-Plugin), was zum Teil zu "live"-Effekten | |
267 bei der Wiedergabe führt. | |
268 </P> | |
269 | |
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270 <P>Verwendung:<BR> |
4996 | 271 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=extrastereo</CODE><BR> |
272 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=extrastereo:mul=3.45</CODE></P> | |
273 | |
274 <P>Der normale Koeffizient (<CODE>mul</CODE>) ist eine Fliesskommazahl welche standardmässig | |
275 auf 2.5 gestellt ist. Wenn man den Wert auf 0.0 setzt, erhält man einen Mono-Ton | |
6281 | 276 (Durchschnitt beider Kanäle). Wenn man den Wert auf 1.0 setzt, bleibt der Ton gleich. |
277 wenn man den Wert auf -1.0 setzt, wird der linke und rechte Kanal vertauscht.</P> | |
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278 |
5185 | 279 |
280 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.7>2.3.2.2.7. Lautstärke Normalisierer</A></B></P> | |
281 | |
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282 <P>Dieses Plugin maximiert die Lautstärke ohne den Ton zu verzerren.</P> |
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283 |
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284 <P>Verwendung:<BR> |
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285 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=volnorm</CODE><BR> |
5185 | 286 |
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287 |
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288 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.8>2.3.2.2.8. Surround</A></B></P> |
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289 |
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290 <P>Jemand sollte dies mal dokumentieren, irgendwann.</P> |
5185 | 291 |
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292 </BODY> |
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293 </HTML> |