Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/tech/mpcf.txt @ 17585:03829916a1c3
Put index_ptr within index to avoid it popping out of nowhere.
author | ods15 |
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date | Sat, 11 Feb 2006 09:56:49 +0000 |
parents | 187260c06b4f |
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1 ======================================== |
17547 | 2 NUT Open Container Format DRAFT 20060207 |
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3 ======================================== |
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5 | |
6 | |
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7 Intro: |
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8 ====== |
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9 |
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10 Features / goals: |
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11 (supported by the format, not necessarily by a specific implementation) |
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12 |
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13 Simple |
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14 use the same encoding for nearly all fields |
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15 simple decoding, so slow CPUs (and embedded systems) can handle it |
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16 |
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17 Extendible |
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18 no limit for the possible values of all fields (using universal vlc) |
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19 allow adding of new headers in the future |
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20 allow adding more fields at the end of headers |
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21 |
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22 Compact |
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23 ~0.2% overhead, for normal bitrates |
17438 | 24 index is <100kb per hour |
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25 a usual header for a file is about 100 bytes (audio + video headers together) |
17326 | 26 a packet header is about ~1-5 bytes |
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27 |
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28 Error resistant |
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29 seeking / playback without an index |
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30 headers & index can be repeated |
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31 damaged files can be played back with minimal data loss and fast |
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32 resync times |
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33 |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 Definitions: |
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37 ============ |
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38 |
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39 MUST the specific part must be done to conform to this standard |
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40 SHOULD it is recommended to be done that way, but not strictly required |
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41 |
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42 |
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43 |
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44 Syntax: |
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45 ======= |
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16428 | 47 Since NUT heavily uses variable length fields, the simplest way to describe it |
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48 is using a pseudocode approach. |
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49 |
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50 |
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51 |
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52 Conventions: |
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53 ============ |
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54 |
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55 The data types have a name, used in the bitstream syntax description, a short |
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56 text description and a pseudocode (functional) definition, optional notes may |
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57 follow: |
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58 |
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59 name (text description) |
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60 functional definition |
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61 [Optional notes] |
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62 |
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63 The bitstream syntax elements have a tagname and a functional definition, they |
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64 are presented in a bottom up approach, again optional notes may follow and |
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65 are reproduced in the tag description: |
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66 |
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67 name: (optional note) |
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68 functional definition |
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69 [Optional notes] |
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70 |
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71 The in-depth tag description follows the bitstream syntax. |
16428 | 72 The functional definition has a C-like syntax. |
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73 |
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74 |
12209 | 75 |
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76 Type definitions: |
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77 ================= |
12209 | 78 |
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79 f(n) (n fixed bits in big-endian order) |
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80 u(n) (unsigned number encoded in n bits in MSB-first order) |
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81 |
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82 v (variable length value, unsigned) |
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83 value=0 |
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84 do{ |
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85 more_data u(1) |
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86 data u(7) |
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87 value= 128*value + data |
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88 }while(more_data) |
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89 |
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90 s (variable length value, signed) |
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91 temp v |
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92 temp++ |
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93 if(temp&1) value= -(temp>>1) |
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94 else value= (temp>>1) |
9323 | 95 |
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96 b (binary data or string, to be use in vb, see below) |
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97 for(i=0; i<length; i++){ |
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98 data[i] u(8) |
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99 } |
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100 [Note: strings MUST be encoded in UTF-8] |
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102 vb (variable length binary data or string) |
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103 length v |
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104 value b |
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107 |
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108 Bitstream syntax: |
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109 ================= |
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110 |
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111 Common elements: |
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112 ---------------- |
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113 |
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114 packet header: |
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115 forward ptr v |
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117 reserved_bytes: |
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118 for(i=0; i<forward_ptr - length_of_non_reserved; i++) |
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119 reserved u(8) |
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120 [a demuxer MUST ignore any reserved bytes |
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121 a muxer MUST NOT write any reserved bytes, as this would make it |
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122 impossible to add new fields at the end of packets in the future |
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123 in a compatible way] |
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124 |
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125 Headers: |
10824 | 126 |
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128 main_startcode f(64) |
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129 packet header |
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130 version v |
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131 stream_count v |
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132 max_distance v |
17437 | 133 tmp_pts=0 |
134 tmp_mul=1 | |
135 tmp_stream=0 | |
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136 for(i=0; i<256; ){ |
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137 tmp_flag v |
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138 tmp_fields v |
17437 | 139 if(tmp_fields>0) tmp_sflag v |
140 else tmp_sflag=0 | |
141 if(tmp_fields>1) tmp_pts s | |
142 if(tmp_fields>2) tmp_mul v | |
143 if(tmp_fields>3) tmp_stream v | |
144 if(tmp_fields>4) tmp_size v | |
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145 else tmp_size=0 |
17437 | 146 if(tmp_fields>5) tmp_res v |
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147 else tmp_res=0 |
17437 | 148 if(tmp_fields>6) count v |
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149 else count= tmp_mul - tmp_size |
17437 | 150 for(j=7; j<tmp_fields; j++){ |
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151 tmp_reserved[i] v |
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152 } |
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153 for(j=0; j<count && i<256; j++, i++){ |
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154 flags[i]= tmp_flag; |
17437 | 155 stream_flags[i]= tmp_sflag; |
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156 stream_id_plus1[i]= tmp_stream; |
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157 data_size_mul[i]= tmp_mul; |
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158 data_size_lsb[i]= tmp_size + j; |
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159 pts_delta[i]= tmp_pts; |
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160 reserved_count[i]= tmp_res; |
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161 } |
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162 } |
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163 reserved_bytes |
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164 checksum u(32) |
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166 stream_header: | |
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167 stream_startcode f(64) |
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168 packet_header |
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169 stream_id v |
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170 stream_class v |
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171 fourcc vb |
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172 time_base_nom v |
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173 time_base_denom v |
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174 msb_pts_shift v |
17577 | 175 max_pts_distance v |
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176 decode_delay v |
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177 fixed_fps u(1) |
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178 reserved u(7) |
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179 codec_specific_data vb |
9294 | 180 |
181 video_stream_header: | |
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182 stream_header |
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183 width v |
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184 height v |
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185 sample_width v |
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186 sample_height v |
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187 colorspace_type v |
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188 reserved_bytes |
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189 checksum u(32) |
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191 audio_stream_header: | |
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192 stream_header |
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193 samplerate_nom v |
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194 samplerate_denom v |
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195 channel_count v |
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196 reserved_bytes |
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197 checksum u(32) |
9420 | 198 |
16429 | 199 other_stream_header: |
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200 stream_header |
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201 reserved_bytes |
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202 checksum u(32) |
16429 | 203 |
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204 Basic Packets: |
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205 |
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206 frame: |
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207 frame_code f(8) |
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208 if(stream_id_plus1[frame_code]==0){ |
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209 stream_id v |
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210 } |
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211 if(pts_delta[frame_code]==0){ |
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212 coded_pts v |
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213 } |
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214 if(flags[frame_code]&1){ |
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215 data_size_msb v |
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216 } |
17437 | 217 if(flags[frame_code]&2){ |
218 coded_stream_flags v | |
219 } | |
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220 for(i=0; i<reserved_count[frame_code]; i++) |
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221 reserved v |
17584 | 222 if (after_syncpoint){ |
223 syncpoint_checksum u(32) | |
224 } | |
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225 data |
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226 |
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227 index: |
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228 index_startcode f(64) |
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229 packet header |
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230 max_pts v |
17438 | 231 syncpoints v |
232 for(i=0; i<syncpoints; i++){ | |
233 syncpoint_pos_div8 v | |
234 } | |
235 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ | |
17455 | 236 for(j=0; j<syncpoints; ){ |
17438 | 237 x v |
238 type= x & 1 | |
239 x>>=1 | |
17455 | 240 n=j |
17438 | 241 if(type){ |
242 flag= x & 1 | |
243 x>>=1 | |
244 while(x--) | |
17455 | 245 has_keyframe[n++][i]=flag |
246 has_keyframe[n++][i]=!flag; | |
17438 | 247 }else{ |
248 while(x != 1){ | |
17455 | 249 has_keyframe[n++][i]=x&1; |
17438 | 250 x>>=1; |
251 } | |
252 } | |
17455 | 253 for(; j<n && j<syncpoints; j++){ |
254 if (!has_keyframe[j][i]) continue | |
255 A v | |
17531 | 256 if(!A){ |
257 A v | |
258 B v | |
259 eor_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A + B | |
260 }else | |
261 B=0 | |
262 keyframe_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A | |
263 last_pts += A + B | |
17455 | 264 } |
17438 | 265 } |
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266 } |
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267 reserved_bytes |
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268 index_ptr u(64) |
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269 checksum u(32) |
9294 | 270 |
16506 | 271 info_frame: (optional) |
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272 for(;;){ |
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273 id v |
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274 if(id==0) break |
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275 name= info_table[id][0] |
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276 type= info_table[id][1] |
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277 if(type==NULL) |
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278 type vb |
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279 if(name==NULL) |
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280 name vb |
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281 if(type=="v") |
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282 value v |
17326 | 283 else if(type=="s") |
284 value s | |
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285 else |
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286 value vb |
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287 } |
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288 reserved_bytes |
17491 | 289 checksum u(32) |
16506 | 290 |
291 info_packet: (optional) | |
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292 info_startcode f(64) |
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293 packet header |
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294 info_frame |
16506 | 295 |
17326 | 296 syncpoint: |
297 syncpoint_startcode f(64) | |
17328 | 298 coded_pts v |
299 stream = coded_pts % stream_count | |
300 global_key_pts = coded_pts/stream_count | |
17438 | 301 back_ptr_div8 v |
12413 | 302 |
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303 Complete definition: |
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304 |
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305 file: |
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306 file_id_string |
17533 | 307 while(!eof){ |
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308 main_header |
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309 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ |
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310 if(next_packet==video_stream_header) |
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311 video_stream_header |
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312 else if(next_packet==audio_stream_header) |
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313 audio_stream_header |
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314 else |
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315 other_stream_header |
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316 } |
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317 while(next_code == info_startcode){ |
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318 info_packet |
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319 } |
17533 | 320 if(next_code == index_startcode){ |
321 index | |
322 } | |
323 if (!eof) while(next_code != main_startcode){ | |
17326 | 324 if(next_code == syncpoint_startcode) |
325 syncpoint | |
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326 frame |
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327 } |
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328 } |
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329 |
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330 |
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331 Tag description: |
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332 ---------------- |
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333 |
12242 | 334 file_id_string |
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335 "nut/multimedia container\0" |
9323 | 336 |
337 *_startcode | |
12162 | 338 all startcodes start with 'N' |
339 | |
340 main_startcode | |
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341 0x7A561F5F04ADULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'M')<<48) |
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342 |
12162 | 343 stream_starcode |
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344 0x11405BF2F9DBULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'S')<<48) |
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345 |
17326 | 346 syncpoint_startcode |
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347 0xE4ADEECA4569ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'K')<<48) |
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348 |
12162 | 349 index_startcode |
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350 0xDD672F23E64EULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'X')<<48) |
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351 |
12162 | 352 info_startcode |
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353 0xAB68B596BA78ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'I')<<48) |
9294 | 354 |
355 version | |
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356 NUT version. The current value is 2. |
12238 | 357 |
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358 forward_ptr |
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359 size of the packet data (exactly the distance from the first byte |
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360 after the forward_ptr to the first byte of the next packet) |
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361 |
12333 | 362 max_distance |
17326 | 363 max distance of syncpoints, the distance may only be larger if |
364 there is no more than a single frame between the two syncpoints. This can | |
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365 be used by the demuxer to detect damaged frame headers if the damage |
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366 results in too long of a chain |
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367 |
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368 syncpoints SHOULD be placed immediately before a keyframe if the |
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369 previous frame of the same stream was a non-keyframe, unless such |
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370 non-keyframe - keyframe transitions are very frequent |
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371 |
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372 SHOULD be set to <=32768 or at least <=65536 unless there is a very |
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373 good reason to set it higher, otherwise reasonable error recovery will |
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374 be impossible |
12501 | 375 |
17577 | 376 max_pts_distance |
377 max absoloute difference of pts of new frame from last_pts in the | |
378 timebase of the stream, without a syncpoint immediately before the | |
379 frame. Note that last_pts is not necessarily the pts of the last frame | |
380 on the same stream, as it is altered by syncpoint timestamps. | |
381 | |
16429 | 382 stream_id |
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383 Stream identifier |
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384 stream_id MUST be < stream_count |
9294 | 385 |
386 stream_class | |
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387 0 video |
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388 1 audio |
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389 2 subtiles |
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390 3 metadata |
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391 4 userdata |
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392 in metadata streams each frame contains exactly one info frame |
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393 Note: the remaining values are reserved and MUST NOT be used |
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394 a demuxer MUST ignore streams with reserved classes |
9294 | 395 |
396 fourcc | |
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397 identification for the codec |
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398 example: "H264" |
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399 MUST contain 2 or 4 bytes, note, this might be increased in the future |
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400 if needed |
9294 | 401 |
9297 | 402 time_base_nom / time_base_denom = time_base |
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403 the length of a timer tick in seconds, this MUST be equal to the 1/fps |
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404 if fixed_fps is 1 |
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405 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST NOT be 0 |
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406 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST be relatively prime |
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407 time_base_denom MUST be < 2^31 |
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408 examples: |
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409 fps time_base_nom time_base_denom |
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410 30 1 30 |
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411 29.97 1001 30000 |
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412 23.976 1001 24000 |
9294 | 413 |
17328 | 414 convert_ts |
415 To switch from 2 different timebases, the following calculation is | |
416 defined: | |
12413 | 417 |
17328 | 418 ln = from_time_base_nom*to_time_base_denom |
419 sn = from_timestamp | |
420 d1 = from_time_base_denom | |
421 d2 = to_time_base_nom | |
422 timestamp = (ln/d1*sn + ln%d1*sn/d1)/d2 | |
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423 Note: this calculation MUST be done with unsigned 64 bit integers, and |
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424 is equivalent to (ln*sn)/(d1*d2) but this would require a 96bit integer |
12413 | 425 |
17532 | 426 compare_ts |
427 Compares timestamps from 2 different timebases, | |
428 if a is before b then compare_ts(a, b) = -1 | |
429 if a is after b then compare_ts(a, b) = 1 | |
430 else compare_ts(a, b) = 0 | |
431 | |
432 Care must be taken that this is done exactly with no rounding errors, | |
433 simply casting to float or double and doing the obvious | |
434 a*timebase > b*timebase is not compliant or correct, neither is the | |
435 same with integers, and | |
436 a*a_timebase.num*b_timebase.den > b*b_timebase.num*a_timebase.den | |
437 will overflow. One possible implementation which shouldn't overflow | |
438 within the range of legal timestamps and timebases is: | |
439 | |
440 if (convert_ts(a, a_timebase, b_timebase) < b) return -1; | |
441 if (convert_ts(b, b_timebase, a_timebase) < a) return 1; | |
442 return 0; | |
443 | |
16429 | 444 msb_pts_shift |
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445 amount of bits in lsb_pts |
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446 MUST be <16 |
9294 | 447 |
12333 | 448 decode_delay |
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449 maximum time between input and output for a codec, used to generate |
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450 dts from pts |
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451 is set to 0 for streams without B-frames, and set to 1 for streams with |
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452 B-frames, may be larger for future codecs |
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453 |
9294 | 454 fixed_fps |
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455 1 indicates that the fps is fixed |
9294 | 456 |
9356 | 457 codec_specific_data |
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458 private global data for a codec (could be huffman tables or ...) |
12082 | 459 |
460 frame_code | |
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461 the meaning of this byte is stored in the main header |
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462 the value 78 ('N') is forbidden to ensure that the byte is always |
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463 different from the first byte of any startcode |
9420 | 464 |
12082 | 465 flags[frame_code] |
17437 | 466 Bit Name Description |
467 1 data_size_msb if set, data_size_msb is at frame header, | |
468 otherwise data_size_msb is 0 | |
469 2 more_flags if set, stream control flags are at frame header. | |
470 4 invalid if set, frame_code is invalid. | |
471 | |
472 frame_code=78 ('N') MUST have flags=64 | |
473 | |
474 stream_flags | |
475 stream_flags is "stream_flags[frame_code] ^ coded_stream_flags" | |
476 | |
477 Bit Name Description | |
478 1 is_key if set, frame is keyframe | |
479 2 end_of_relevance if set, stream has no relevance on | |
480 presentation. (EOR) | |
481 | |
482 EOR frames MUST be zero-length and must be set keyframe. | |
483 All streams SHOULD end with EOR, where the pts of the EOR indicates the | |
484 end presentation time of the final frame. | |
485 An EOR set stream is unset by the first content frames. | |
17551 | 486 EOR can only be unset in streams with zero decode_delay . |
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487 |
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488 stream_id_plus1[frame_code] |
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489 must be <250 |
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490 if it is 0, then the stream_id is coded in the frame |
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491 |
12082 | 492 data_size_mul[frame_code] |
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493 must be <16384 |
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494 |
12082 | 495 data_size_lsb[frame_code] |
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496 must be <16384 |
12082 | 497 |
16429 | 498 pts_delta[frame_code] |
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499 must be <16384 and >-16384 |
12413 | 500 |
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501 data_size |
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502 data_size= data_size_lsb + data_size_msb*data_size_mul; |
12082 | 503 |
16429 | 504 coded_pts |
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505 if coded_pts < (1<<msb_pts_shift) then it is an lsb |
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506 pts, otherwise it is a full pts + (1<<msb_pts_shift) |
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507 lsb pts is converted to a full pts by: |
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508 mask = (1<<msb_pts_shift)-1; |
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509 delta = last_pts - mask/2 |
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510 pts = ((pts_lsb-delta)&mask) + delta |
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511 |
16429 | 512 lsb_pts |
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513 least significant bits of the pts in time_base precision |
9294 | 514 Example: IBBP display order |
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515 keyframe pts=0 -> pts=0 |
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516 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=3 |
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517 frame lsb_pts=1 -> pts=1 |
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518 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=2 |
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519 ... |
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520 keyframe msb_pts=257 -> pts=257 |
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521 frame lsb_pts=255 -> pts=255 |
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522 frame lsb_pts=0 -> pts=256 |
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523 frame lsb_pts=4 -> pts=260 |
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524 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=258 |
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525 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=259 |
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526 all pts's of keyframes of a single stream MUST be monotone |
9294 | 527 |
12333 | 528 dts |
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529 dts is calculated by using a decode_delay+1 sized buffer for each |
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530 stream, into which the current pts is inserted and the element with |
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531 the smallest value is removed, this is then the current dts |
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532 this buffer is initalized with decode_delay -1 elements |
17327 | 533 |
534 Pts of all frames in all streams MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all | |
17437 | 535 previous frames in all streams, compared in common timebase. (EOR |
536 frames are NOT exempt from this rule) | |
12333 | 537 |
9294 | 538 width/height |
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539 MUST be set to the coded width/height |
9294 | 540 |
541 sample_width/sample_height (aspect ratio) | |
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542 sample_width is the horizontal distance between samples |
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543 sample_width and sample_height MUST be relatively prime if not zero |
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544 MUST be 0 if unknown |
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545 |
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546 colorspace_type |
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547 0 unknown |
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548 1 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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549 2 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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550 17 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
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551 18 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
10166 | 552 |
12333 | 553 samplerate_nom / samplerate_denom = samplerate |
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554 the number of samples per second |
9294 | 555 |
556 checksum | |
17577 | 557 crc32 checksum |
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558 checksum is calculated for the area pointed to by forward_ptr not |
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559 including the checksum itself (from first byte after the |
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560 forward_ptr until last byte before the checksum). |
9294 | 561 |
17584 | 562 syncpoint_checksum |
563 crc32 checksum | |
564 checksum covers from first byte after syncpoint startcode until last | |
565 byte before the syncpoint_checksum. | |
566 | |
17439
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567 back_ptr_div8 |
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568 back_ptr = back_ptr_div8 * 8 + 7 |
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569 back_ptr must point to a position within 8 bytes of a syncpoint |
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570 startcode. This syncpoint MUST be the closest syncpoint such that at |
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571 least one keyframe with a pts lower or equal to the original syncpoint's |
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572 global_key_pts for all streams lies between it and the current syncpoint. |
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573 |
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574 A stream where EOR is set is to be ignored for back_ptr. |
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575 |
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576 global_key_pts |
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577 After a syncpoint, last_pts of each stream is to be set to: |
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578 last_pts[i] = convert_ts(global_key_pts, timebase[stream], timebase[i]) |
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579 |
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580 global_key_pts MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all past frames across |
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581 all streams, and smaller or equal to pts of all future frames. |
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582 |
16429 | 583 max_pts |
17438 | 584 s = max_pts % stream_count |
585 pts = max_pts / stream_count | |
586 The highest pts in the entire file in the timebase of stream 's' . | |
9294 | 587 |
17438 | 588 syncpoint_pos_div8 |
589 offset from begginning of file to up to 7 bytes before the syncpoint | |
590 referred to in this index entry. Relative to position of last | |
591 syncpoint. | |
592 | |
593 has_keyframe | |
594 indicates whether this stream has a keyframe between this syncpoint and | |
595 the last syncpoint. | |
596 | |
597 keyframe_pts | |
598 The pts of the first keyframe for this stream in the region between the | |
17531 | 599 2 syncpoints, in the stream's timebase. (EOR frames are also keyframes) |
600 | |
601 eor_pts | |
602 Coded only if EOR is set at the position of the syncpoint. The pts of | |
603 that EOR. EOR is unset by the first keyframe after it. | |
9294 | 604 |
16429 | 605 index_ptr |
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606 Length in bytes of the entire index, from the first byte of the |
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607 startcode until the last byte of the checksum. |
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608 Note: A demuxer can use this to find the index when it is written at |
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609 EOF, as index_ptr will always be 12 bytes before the end of file if |
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610 there is an index at all. |
16429 | 611 |
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612 id |
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613 the ID of the type/name pair, so it is more compact |
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614 0 means end |
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615 |
9323 | 616 type |
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617 for example: "UTF8" -> string or "JPEG" -> JPEG image |
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618 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
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619 Note: MUST be less than 6 byte long (might be increased to 64 later) |
9323 | 620 |
13308
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621 info packet types |
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622 the name of the info entry, valid names are |
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623 "StreamId" |
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624 the stream(s) to which the info packet applies |
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625 "Author" |
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626 "Description" |
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627 "Copyright" |
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628 "Encoder" |
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629 the name & version of the software used for encoding |
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630 "Title" |
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631 "Cover" |
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632 image of the (CD, DVD, VHS, ..) cover (preferably PNG or JPEG) |
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633 "Source" |
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634 "DVD", "VCD", "CD", "MD", "FM radio", "VHS", "TV", "LD" |
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635 Optional: appended PAL, NTSC, SECAM, ... in parentheses |
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636 "CaptureDevice" |
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637 "BT878", "BT848", "webcam", ... (more exact names are fine too) |
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638 "CreationTime" |
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639 "2003-01-20 20:13:15Z", ... |
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640 (ISO 8601 format, see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html) |
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641 Note: do not forget the timezone |
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642 "Keywords" |
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643 "TotalTime" |
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644 total length of the stream in msecs |
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645 "Language" |
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646 ISO 639 and ISO 3166 for language/country code |
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647 something like "eng" (US english), can be 0 if unknown |
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648 and "multi" if several languages |
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649 see http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html |
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650 and http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/en_listp1.html |
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651 the language code |
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|
652 "Disposition" |
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653 "original", "dub" (translated), "comment", "lyrics", "karaoke" |
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654 Note: if someone needs some others, please tell us about them, so we |
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655 can add them to the official standard (if they are sane) |
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656 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
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657 Note: MUST be less than 64 bytes long |
9295 | 658 |
659 value | |
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660 value of this name/type pair |
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661 |
9310 | 662 stuffing |
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663 0x80 can be placed in front of any type v entry for stuffing purposes |
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664 |
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665 info_table[][2]={ |
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666 {NULL , NULL }, // end |
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667 {NULL , NULL }, |
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668 {NULL , "UTF8"}, |
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669 {NULL , "v"}, |
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670 {NULL , "s"}, |
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671 {"StreamId" , "v"}, |
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672 {"Author" , "UTF8"}, |
17230 | 673 {"Title" , "UTF8"}, |
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674 {"Language" , "UTF8"}, |
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675 {"Description" , "UTF8"}, |
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676 {"Copyright" , "UTF8"}, |
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677 {"Encoder" , "UTF8"}, |
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678 {"Keyword" , "UTF8"}, |
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679 {"Cover" , "JPEG"}, |
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680 {"Cover" , "PNG"}, |
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681 {"Disposition" , "UTF8"}, |
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682 }; |
9294 | 683 |
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684 |
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685 Structure: |
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686 ---------- |
9294 | 687 |
688 the headers MUST be in exactly the following order (to simplify demuxer design) | |
689 main header | |
690 stream_header (id=0) | |
691 stream_header (id=1) | |
692 ... | |
693 stream_header (id=n) | |
694 | |
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695 headers may be repeated, but if they are, then they MUST all be repeated |
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696 together and repeated headers MUST be identical |
17547 | 697 |
698 Each set of repeated headers not at the beginning or end of the file SHOULD | |
699 be stored at the earliest possible position after 2^x where x is | |
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700 an integer and the file end, so the headers may be repeated at 4102 if that is |
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701 the closest position after 2^12=4096 at which the headers can be placed |
9294 | 702 |
17547 | 703 Note: this allows an implementation reading the file to locate backup |
704 headers in O(log filesize) time as opposed to O(filesize) | |
705 | |
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706 headers MUST be placed at least at the start of the file and immediately before |
12501 | 707 the index or at the file end if there is no index |
16428 | 708 headers MUST be repeated at least twice (so they exist three times in a file) |
9295 | 709 |
16685 | 710 there MUST be a sync point immediately before the first frame after any headers |
12503 | 711 |
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712 |
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713 Index: |
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714 ------ |
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715 |
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716 Note: with realtime streaming, there is no end, so no index there either |
17533 | 717 Index MAY only be repeated after main headers. |
718 If an index is written anywhere in the file, it MUST be written at end of | |
719 file as well. | |
9310 | 720 |
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721 |
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722 Info frames: |
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723 ------------ |
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724 |
16506 | 725 Info frames can be used to describe the file or some part of it (chapters) |
9310 | 726 |
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727 |
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728 Unknown packets: |
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729 ---------------- |
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730 |
12184 | 731 MUST be ignored by the demuxer |
9310 | 732 |
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733 |
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734 demuxer (non-normative): |
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735 ------------------------ |
12501 | 736 |
16428 | 737 in the absence of a valid header at the beginning, players SHOULD search for |
738 backup headers starting at offset 2^x; for each x players SHOULD end their | |
739 search at a particular offset when any startcode is found (including syncpoint) | |
12501 | 740 |
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741 |
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742 |
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743 Semantic requirements: |
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744 ====================== |
16429 | 745 |
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Change MUST to SHOULD have disposition and if applicable language tags.
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746 If more than one stream of a given stream class is present, each one SHOULD |
16429 | 747 have info tags specifying disposition, and if applicable, language. |
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748 It often highly improves usability and is therefore strongly encouraged. |
16429 | 749 |
750 A demuxer MUST NOT demux a stream which contains more than one stream, or which | |
751 is wrapped in a structure to facilitate more than one stream or otherwise | |
752 duplicate the role of a container. any such file is to be considered invalid. | |
753 | |
12501 | 754 |
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755 |
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756 Sample code (Public Domain, & untested): |
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757 ======================================== |
9294 | 758 |
759 typedef BufferContext{ | |
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760 uint8_t *buf; |
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761 uint8_t *buf_ptr; |
9294 | 762 }BufferContext; |
763 | |
764 static inline uint64_t get_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count){ | |
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765 uint64_t val=0; |
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766 |
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767 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 768 |
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769 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ |
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770 val <<=8; |
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771 val += *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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772 } |
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773 |
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774 return val; |
9294 | 775 } |
776 | |
777 static inline void put_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count, uint64_t val){ | |
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778 uint64_t val=0; |
9294 | 779 |
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780 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 781 |
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782 for(i=count-1; i>=0; i--){ |
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783 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val >> (8*i); |
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784 } |
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785 |
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786 return val; |
9294 | 787 } |
788 | |
10061 | 789 static inline uint64_t get_v(BufferContext *bc){ |
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790 uint64_t val= 0; |
9294 | 791 |
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792 for(; space_left(bc) > 0; ){ |
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793 int tmp= *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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794 if(tmp&0x80) |
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795 val= (val<<7) + tmp - 0x80; |
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796 else |
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797 return (val<<7) + tmp; |
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798 } |
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799 |
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800 return -1; |
9294 | 801 } |
802 | |
10061 | 803 static inline int put_v(BufferContext *bc, uint64_t val){ |
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804 int i; |
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805 |
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806 if(space_left(bc) < 9) return -1; |
9294 | 807 |
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808 val &= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL; // FIXME can only encode upto 63 bits currently |
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809 for(i=7; ; i+=7){ |
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810 if(val>>i == 0) break; |
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811 } |
9294 | 812 |
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813 for(i-=7; i>0; i-=7){ |
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814 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= 0x80 | (val>>i); |
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815 } |
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816 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val&0x7F; |
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817 |
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818 return 0; |
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*signed int vlc (needs only 5 lines of code so its no increase of complexity)
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819 } |
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820 |
12333 | 821 static int64_t get_dts(int64_t pts, int64_t *pts_cache, int delay, int reset){ |
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822 if(reset) memset(pts_cache, -1, delay*sizeof(int64_t)); |
12333 | 823 |
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824 while(delay--){ |
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825 int64_t t= pts_cache[delay]; |
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826 if(t < pts){ |
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827 pts_cache[delay]= pts; |
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828 pts= t; |
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829 } |
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830 } |
12333 | 831 |
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832 return pts; |
12333 | 833 } |
834 | |
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835 |
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836 |
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837 Authors: |
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838 ======== |
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839 |
16428 | 840 Folks from the MPlayer developers mailing list (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/). |
841 Authors in alphabetical order: (FIXME! Tell us if we left you out) | |
16843 | 842 Beregszaszi, Alex (alex@fsn.hu) |
843 Bunkus, Moritz (moritz@bunkus.org) | |
844 Diedrich, Tobias (ranma+mplayer@tdiedrich.de) | |
845 Felker, Rich (dalias@aerifal.cx) | |
846 Franz, Fabian (FabianFranz@gmx.de) | |
847 Gereoffy, Arpad (arpi@thot.banki.hu) | |
848 Hess, Andreas (jaska@gmx.net) | |
849 Niedermayer, Michael (michaelni@gmx.at) | |
850 Shimon, Oded (ods15@ods15.dyndns.org) |