annotate DOCS/xml/hu/mencoder.xml @ 16176:05716caa47e4

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author gabrov
date Fri, 05 Aug 2005 21:13:13 +0000
parents c2b529026493
children dc50524c98dc
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-2"?>
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2 <!-- synced with 1.87 -->
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3 <chapter id="mencoder">
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4 <title>A <application>MEncoder</application> használatának alapjai</title>
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5
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6 <para>
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7 A <application>MEncoder</application> összes használható kapcsolójához és
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8 a példákhoz kérlek nézd meg a man oldalt. Mindennapi példákért és a számos
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9 kódolási paraméter bővebb leírásáért olvasd el a
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10 <ulink url="../../tech/encoding-tips.txt">kódolási tippeket</ulink>, amiket
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11 számos levelezési lista szálból gyűjtöttünk össze az MPlayer-users-ről.
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12 Kereshetsz az
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13 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/pipermail/mplayer-users/">archívumban</ulink>
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14 a rengeteg beszélgetés között, melyek a <application>MEncoder</application>rel
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15 történő kódolást több szempontból vizsgálják és kiemelik a problémákat vele
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16 kapcsolatban.
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17 </para>
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18
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19 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg4">
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20 <title>Két menetes MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;) kódolás</title>
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21
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22 <para>
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23 A név abból a tényből ered, hogy ez a módszer a fájlt <emphasis>kétszer</emphasis>
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24 kódolja át. Az első kódolás (szinkronizációs lépés) létrehoz pár ideiglenes,
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25 néhány megabájtos fájlt (<filename>*.log</filename>), ezeket ne töröld le
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26 még (az AVI-t letörölheted). A második lépésben, a két menetes kimenet
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27 fájl lesz létrehozva, az ideiglenes fájlok bitrátájának felhasználásával. Az
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28 eredmény fájlnak sokkal jobb lesz a képminősége. Ha most hallasz erről először,
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29 nézz meg pár a neten elérhető leírást.
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30 </para>
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31
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32 <example>
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33 <title>audió sáv másolása</title>
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34 <para>
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35 Egy DVD két menetes kódolása MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;) AVI-ba az audió sáv
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36 másolásával.
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37 <screen>
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38 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac copy -o <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable>
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39 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 -oac copy -o <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable>
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40 </screen>
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41 </para>
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42 </example>
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43
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44 <example>
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45 <title>audió sáv kódolása</title>
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46 <para>
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47 Egy DVD két menetes kódolása MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;) AVI-ba az audió sáv
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48 MP3-ba alakításával.
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49 <screen>
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50 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable>
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51 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable>
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52 </screen>
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53 </para>
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54 </example>
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55 </sect1>
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56
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57 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg">
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58 <title>Kódolás MPEG formátumba</title>
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59 <para>
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60 A <application>MEncoder</application> tud készíteni MPEG (MPEG-PS) formátumú
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61 kimeneti fájlokat.
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62 Általában, ha MPEG-1 vagy MPEG-2 videót használsz, az azért van, mert egy
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63 korlátozott formátumhoz kódolsz, mint pl. az SVCD, a VCD vagy a DVD.
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64 Ezen formátumok speciális igényei a
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65 <link linkend="menc-feat-vcd-dvd">VCD és DVD készítési leírásban</link>
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66 megtalálhatóak.
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67 </para>
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68
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69 <para>
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70 A <application>MEncoder</application> kimeneti fájl formátumának megváltoztatásához
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71 használd a <option>-of mpeg</option> kapcsolót.
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72 </para>
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73
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74 <para>
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75 Példa:
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76 <screen>
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77 mencoder -of mpeg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video -oac copy <replaceable>egyéb_kapcsolók</replaceable> <replaceable>media.avi</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.mpg</replaceable>
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78 </screen>
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79 </para>
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80 </sect1>
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81
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82 <sect1 id="menc-feat-rescale">
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83 <title>Filmek átméretezése</title>
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84
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85 <para>
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86 Gyakran szükséged lehet a videó képméretének átméretezésére. Ennek több oka
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87 lehet: fájl méretének csökkentése, hálózati sávszélesség, stb. A legtöbb ember
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88 akkor is végez átméretezést, amikor DVD-ket vagy SVCD-ket konvertál DivX AVI-ba.
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89 Ha át szeretnél méretezni, olvasd el a <link linkend="aspect">képméret arányok megtartásáról</link>
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90 szóló részt.
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91 </para>
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92
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93 <para>
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94 A méretezési eljárást a <literal>scale</literal> videó szűrő végzi:
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95 <option>-vf scale=<replaceable>szélesség</replaceable>:<replaceable>magasság</replaceable></option>.
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96 A minősége beállítható a <option>-sws</option> kapcsolóval.
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97 Ha ez nincs megadva, akkor a <application>MEncoder</application> a 2: bicubic-et használja.
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98 </para>
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99
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100 <para>
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101 Használat:
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102 <screen>
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103 mencoder <replaceable>input.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4 -vf scale=640:480 -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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104 </screen>
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105 </para>
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106 </sect1>
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107
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108
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109 <sect1 id="menc-feat-streamcopy">
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110 <title>Stream másolás</title>
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111
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112 <para>
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113 <application>MEncoder</application> kétféleképpen tudja kezelni a folyamokat:
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114 <emphasis role="bold">kódolni</emphasis> vagy <emphasis role="bold">másolni</emphasis>
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115 tudja őket. Ez a rész a <emphasis role="bold">másolásról</emphasis> szól.
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116 </para>
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117
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118 <itemizedlist>
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119 <listitem><para>
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120 <emphasis role="bold">Videó stream</emphasis> (<option>-ovc copy</option> kapcsoló):
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121 szép dolgokat lehet vele csinálni :) Például FLI vagy VIVO vagy
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122 MPEG-1 videót tenni (nem konvertálni!) AVI fájlba! Természetesen csak az
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123 <application>MPlayer</application> tudja lejátszani az ilyen fájlokat :) Ennek
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124 valószínűleg gyakorlati haszna nincs. Ésszerűbben: a videó stream másolása
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125 hasznos lehet például ha csak az audió stream-et kell kódolni (például
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126 tömörítetlen PCM-et MP3-ba).
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127 </para></listitem>
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128 <listitem><para>
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129 <emphasis role="bold">Audió stream</emphasis> (<option>-oac copy</option> kapcsoló):
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130 őszintén szólva... Bele lehet mixelni egy külső audió fájlt (MP3, WAV) a
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131 kimeneti stream-be. Használd a
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132 <option>-audiofile <replaceable>fájlnév</replaceable></option> kapcsolót
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133 ehhez.
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134 </para></listitem>
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135 </itemizedlist>
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136 </sect1>
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137
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138
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139 <sect1 id="menc-feat-enc-images">
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140 <title>Kódolás több bemeneti képfájlból (JPEG, PNG, TGA, SGI)</title>
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141
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142 <para>
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143 A <application>MEncoder</application> képes egy vagy több JPEG, PNG vagy TGA fájlból
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144 film létrehozására. Egy egyszerű framecopy-val MJPEG (Motion JPEG),
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145 MPNG (Motion PNG) vagy MTGA (Motion TGA) fájlokat tud létrehozni.
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146 </para>
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147
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148 <orderedlist>
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149 <title>A folyamat leírása:</title>
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150 <listitem><para>
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151 A <application>MEncoder</application> <emphasis>dekódolja</emphasis> a bemeneti
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152 képe(ke)t a <systemitem class="library">libjpeg</systemitem>-gel (ha PNG-ket
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153 dekódol, akkor a <systemitem class="library">libpng</systemitem>-vel).
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154 </para></listitem>
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155 <listitem><para>
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156 Ezután a <application>MEncoder</application> a dekódolt képeket a kiválasztott
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157 videó tömörítőnek adja át (DivX4, XviD, FFmpeg msmpeg4, stb.).
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158 </para></listitem>
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159 </orderedlist>
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160
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161 <formalpara>
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162 <title>Példák</title>
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163 <para>
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164 A <option>-mf</option> kapcsoló magyarázata a man oldalon található.
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165
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166 <informalexample>
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167 <para>
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168 Egy MPEG-4-es fájl létrehozása az aktuális könyvtárból található összes
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169 JPEG fájlból:
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170 <screen>
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171 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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172 </screen>
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173 </para>
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174 </informalexample>
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175
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176 <informalexample>
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177 <para>
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178 Egy MPEG-4 fájl létrehozása néhány JPEG fájlból az aktuális könyvtárban:
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179 <screen>
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180 mencoder mf://<replaceable>frame001.jpg,frame002.jpg</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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181 </screen>
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182 </para>
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183 </informalexample>
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184
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185 <informalexample>
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186 <para>
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187 Egy Motion JPEG (MJPEG) fájl készítése az aktuális könyvtár összes JPEG fájlából:
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188 <screen>
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189 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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190 </screen>
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191 </para>
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192 </informalexample>
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193
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194 <informalexample>
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195 <para>
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196 Egy tömörítetlen fájl létrehozása az aktuális könyvtár összes PNG fájlából:
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197 <screen>
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198 mencoder mf:// -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable>
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199 </screen>
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200 </para>
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201 </informalexample>
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202
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203 <note><para>
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204 A szélességnek 4 egész többszörösének kell lennie, ez a RAW RGB AVI formátum megszorítása.
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205 </para></note>
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206
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207 <informalexample>
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208 <para>
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209 Egy Motion PNG (MPNG) fájl létrehozása az aktuális könyvtár PNG fájlaiból:
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210 <screen>
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211 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> <!--
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212 --></screen>
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213 </para>
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214 </informalexample>
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215
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216 <informalexample>
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217 <para>
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218 Egy Motion TGA (MTGA) fájl létrehozása az aktuális könyvtár összes TGA fájlából:
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219 <screen>
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220 mencoder mf://*.tga -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=tga -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable><!--
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221 --></screen>
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222 </para>
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223 </informalexample>
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224
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225 </para>
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226 </formalpara>
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227 </sect1>
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228
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229
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230 <sect1 id="menc-feat-extractsub">
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231 <title>DVD felirat elmentése VOBsub fájlba</title>
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232
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233 <para>
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234 A <application>MEncoder</application> képes a feliratok kiszedésére
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235 a DVD-kből és elmentésére VOBsub formátumú fájlokba. Ezek két fájlból
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236 állnak, <filename>.idx</filename> és <filename>.sub</filename> kiterjesztéssel,
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237 és általában egy <filename>.rar</filename> archívba vannak becsomagolva.
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238 Az <application>MPlayer</application> le tudja ezeket játszani a
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239 <option>-vobsub</option> és a <option>-vobsubid</option> kapcsolókkal.
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240 </para>
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241
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242 <para>
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243 Meg kell adnod a kimeneti fájlok fájlnevét (az <filename>.idx</filename> vagy
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244 <filename>.sub</filename> kiterjesztés nélkül) a
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245 <option>-vobsubout</option> kapcsolóval és az ezen felirathoz tartozó
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246 indexet a kimeneti fájlokban a <option>-vobsuboutindex</option>-szel.
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247 </para>
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248
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249 <para>
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250 Ha a bemenet nem DVD, akkor a <option>-ifo</option> kapcsolót kell
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251 használnod ahhoz, hogy megadd, hogy <filename>.ifo</filename> fájl
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252 szükséges a kimeneti <filename>.idx</filename> elkészítéséhez.
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253 </para>
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254
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255 <para>
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256 Ha a bemenet nem DVD és nincs <filename>.ifo</filename> fájlod,
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257 a <option>-vobsubid</option> kapcsolót kell használnod, hogy megadd,
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258 milyen nyelv id-t kell beletenni az <filename>.idx</filename> fájlba.
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259 </para>
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260
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261 <para>
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262 Mindkét esetben az éppen futó felirat hozzáíródik a <filename>.idx</filename>
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263 és <filename>.sub</filename> fájlokhoz, amennyiben azok már léteznek. Így
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264 ezeket le kell törölnöd, mielőtt nekiállnál.
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265 </para>
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266
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267 <example>
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268 <title>Két felirat másolása egy DVD-ről két menetes kódolás közben</title>
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269 <screen>
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270 rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub
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271 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 -sid 2
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272 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 1 -sid 5<!--
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273 --></screen>
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274 </example>
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275
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276 <example>
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277 <title>Francia felirat másolása egy MPEG fájlból</title>
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278 <screen>
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279 rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub
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280 mencoder <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> -ifo <replaceable>movie.ifo</replaceable> -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 -vobsuboutid fr -sid 1 -nosound -ovc copy
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281 </screen>
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282 </example>
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283
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284 </sect1>
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285
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286 <sect1 id="aspect">
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287 <title>Képarány megtartása</title>
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288 <para>
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289 A DVD-s és az SVCD-s (pl. MPEG-1/2) fájlokban van egy képméret arány érték, ami
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290 leírja, hogy a lejátszónak hogyan kell méreteznie a videó stream-et, így az
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291 embereknek nem lesz tojás fejük (pl.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). Ennek ellenére AVI-ba
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292 (DivX) történő kódoláskor figyelembe kell venned, hogy az AVI fejléc nem tárolja ezt
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293 az értéket. A film átméretezése undorító és időigényes, kell, hogy legyen egy jobb
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294 megoldás!
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295 </para>
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296
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297 <para>Van is.</para>
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298
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299 <para>
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300 Az MPEG-4-nek van egy egyedülálló sajátossága: a videó stream tartalmazhatja a szükséges
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301 képarányt. Igen, úgy mint az MPEG-1/2 (DVD, SVCD) és a H.263 fájlok. Sajnos azonban
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302 <emphasis role="bold">nincs</emphasis> olyan videó lejátszó, mely az MPEG-4 ezen attribútumát
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303 támogatná, kivéve az <application>MPlayer</application>t.
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304 </para>
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305
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306 <para>
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307 Ez a tulajdonság csak a
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308 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link>
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309 <systemitem>mpeg4</systemitem> codec-jével használható. Tartsd észben: habár az
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310 <application>MPlayer</application> hibátlanul lejátsza a létrehozott fájlt,
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311 a többi lejátszó rossz képarányt fog használni.
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312 </para>
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313
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314 <para>
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315 Ajánlott levágni a fekete sávokat a film képe felett és alatt.
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316 Lásd a man oldalt a <systemitem>cropdetect</systemitem> és a
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317 <systemitem>crop</systemitem> szűrők használatához.
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318 </para>
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319
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320 <para>
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321 Használat
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322 <screen>mencoder <replaceable>sample-svcd.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:autoaspect -vf crop=714:548:0:14 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable></screen>
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323 </para>
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324 </sect1>
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325
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326 </chapter>