annotate DOCS/xml/fr/bugreports.xml @ 17203:32b2e927ab42

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author gpoirier
date Sat, 17 Dec 2005 14:28:17 +0000
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children 83c1acef76d5
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
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2 <!-- synced with 1.12 -->
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3 <appendix id="bugreports">
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4 <title>Comment rapporter les bogues</title>
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5
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6 <para>
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7 Les bons rapports de bogue sont une contribution précieuse pour tout projet en
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8 développement. Mais tout comme pour écrire un bon logiciel, les bons rapports
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9 de problèmes exigent du travail. Rendez-vous compte que la plupart des
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10 développeurs sont extrêmement occupés et reçoivent un nombre colossal d'emails.
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11 Donc bien que votre retour soit crucial pour l'amélioration de
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12 <application>MPlayer</application> et soit très apprécié, comprenez que vous
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13 devez fournir <emphasis role="bold">toutes</emphasis> les informations que nous
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14 demandons et suivre de près les instructions de ce document.
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15 </para>
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16
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17 <sect1 id="bugreports_fix">
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18 <title>Comment réparer les bogues</title>
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19 <para>
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20 Si vous pensez avoir les talents nécessaires vous êtes invité à essayer de
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21 réparer le bogue vous-même. Ou peut-être l'avez-vous déjà fait? Veuillez
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22 lire <ulink url="../../tech/patches.txt">ce court document</ulink> (en anglais)
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23 pour trouver comment faire inclure votre code dans <application>MPlayer</application>.
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24 Les gens de la liste de diffusion
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25 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-dev-eng">MPlayer-dev-eng</ulink>
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26 vous assisterons si vous avez des questions.
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27 </para>
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28 </sect1>
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29 <sect1 id="bugreports_regression_test">
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30 <title>Comment faire des tests de regression en utilisant CVS</title>
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31 <para>
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32 Un problème qui peut survenir quelque fois est 'cela marchait avant, et
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33 plus maintenant...'.
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34 Voici une procédure étape-par-étape pour tenter d'indiquer quand exactement
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35 le problème s'est produit. Ceci n'est <emphasis role="bold">pas</emphasis> pour les utilisateurs
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36 occasionnels.
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37 </para>
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38 <para>
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39 Premièrement, vous aurez besoin de récuperer l'arbre des sources de MPlayer depuis le CVS.
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40 Les instructions peuvent être trouvé au bas de
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41 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/homepage/dload.html">cette page</ulink>.
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42 </para>
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43 <para>
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44 Vous aurez donc dans le repertoire main/ une image de l'arbre CVS, du coté
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45 client.
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46 Maintenant mettez à jour cette image à la date voulue:
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47 <screen>
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48 cd main/
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49 cvs update -PAd -D "2004-08-23"
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50 </screen>
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51 Le format de date est AAAA-MM-JJ HH:MM:SS.
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52 Utiliser ce format de date vous assure que vous pourrez extraire les patches
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53 selon la date à laquelle elles ont été ajoutés au CVS, comme dans l'
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54 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/pipermail/mplayer-cvslog/">archive MPlayer-cvslog</ulink>.
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55 </para>
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56 <para>
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57 Maintenant procéder comme pour une mise-à-jour normale:
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58 <screen>
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59 ./configure
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60 make
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61 </screen>
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62 </para>
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63 <para>
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64 Pour un non-informaticien qui lit ceci, la méthode la plus rapide d'arriver au point
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65 où le problème se produit est d'utiliser une recherche dichotomique &mdash; qui est,
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66 chercher la date où est survenu le problème en divisant à plusieurs reprises l'intervalle
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67 de recherche par moitié.
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68 Par exemple, si le problème se produit en 2003, commencez en milieu d'année, puis demandez-vous
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69 "Le problème est-il déjà présent à ce moment?".
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70 Si oui, revenez au premier Avril; si non, allez au premier Octobre,
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71 et ainsi de suite.
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72 </para>
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73 <para>
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74 Si vous avez beaucoup d'espace libre sur le disque dur (une compilation complète des sources prend actuellement
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75 100 MO, et environ 300-350 MO si les symboles de déboguage sont activés), copiez la
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76 plus vieille version fonctionnelle connue avant de la mettre à jour; cela sauvera du temps si
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77 vous devez y revenir.
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78 (Il est habituellement nécessaire de lancer 'make distclean' avant de recompiller une
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79 version plus récente, donc si vous ne faites pas une copie de sauvegarde de votre arbre
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80 source original, vous devrez tout recompiler dedans quand vous reviendrez
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81 à la version présente.)
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82 </para>
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83 <para>
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84 Quand vous avez trouvé le jour où le problème survient, continuez la recherche
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85 en utilisant l'archive mplayer-cvslog (triée par date) et une faites mise-à-jour depuis le
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86 CVS précisant heure, minute et seconde:
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87 <screen>
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88 cvs update -PAd -D "2004-08-23 15:17:25"
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89 </screen>
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90 Cela vous permettra de trouver facilement le patch exact à l'origine du problème.
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91 </para>
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92 <para>
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93 Si vous trouvez le patch qui est la cause du problème, vous avez quasiement gagné;
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94 signalez le à
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95 <ulink url="http://bugzilla.mplayerhq.hu/">MPlayer Bugzilla</ulink> ou
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96 souscrivez à
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97 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-users">MPlayer-users</ulink>
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98 et postez-le là.
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99 Il y a une chance pour que l'auteur s'empresse de suggérer un correctif.
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100 Vous pouvez également décortiquer le patch jusqu'à ce que le bug vous saute aux yeux :-).
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101 </para>
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102 </sect1>
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103 <sect1 id="bugreports_report">
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104 <title>Comment rapporter les bogues</title>
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105 <para>
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106 Tout d'abord veuillez essayer la dernière version CVS de <application>MPlayer</application>
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107 car votre bogue y est peut-être déjà réparé. Le développement évolue
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108 très rapidement, la plupart des problèmes des versions officielles sont
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109 rapportés dans les jours voir les heures qui suivent, donc n'utilisez
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110 <emphasis role="bold">que le CVS</emphasis> pour rapporter les bogues. Ceci
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111 est également valable pour les paquets binaires de <application>MPlayer</application>.
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112 Les instructions CVS peuvent être trouvées en bas de
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113 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/homepage/dload.html">cette page</ulink>
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114 ou dans le README. Si tout cela ne vous aide pas, veuillez vous référer à
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115 <link linkend="bugs">la liste des bogues connus</link> et au reste de la
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116 documentation.
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117 Si votre problème n'est pas connu ou non résolvable avec nos instructions, alors merci
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118 de rapporter le bogue.
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119 </para>
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120
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121 <para>
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122 Merci de ne pas envoyer de rapports de bogues en privé à chaque développeur.
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123 C'est un travail commun et il y a donc pas mal de gens que cela pourrait
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124 intéresser.
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125 Parfois d'autres utilisateurs ont rencontré les mêmes ennuis que vous et
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126 savent comment contourner le problème même si c'est un bogue dans le code
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127 de <application>MPlayer</application>.
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128 </para>
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129
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130 <para>
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131 Merci de décrire votre problème avec le plus de détails possibles.
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132 Faites un petit travail de détective pour restreindre les conditions
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133 d'occurrence du problème.
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134 Est ce que le bogue ne se montre que dans certaines situations ?
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135 Est-il spécifique à certains fichiers ou types de fichier ?
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136 Apparaît-il avec un seul codec ou est-ce indépendant du codec ?
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137 Pouvez-vous le reproduire avec tous les pilotes de sortie ?
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138 Plus vous fournissez d'information, plus grandes sont nos chances de résoudre
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139 votre problème.
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140 Merci de ne pas oublier d'inclure également les informations importantes
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141 requises plus bas, sinon nous ne pourront pas établir un diagnostic précis
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142 de votre problème.
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143 </para>
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144
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145 <para>
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146 Un guide excellent et bien écrit pour poser des questions sur les forums
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147 publiques est
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148 <ulink url="http://www.linux-france.org/article/these/smart-questions/smart-questions-fr.html">
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149 Comment Poser Les Questions De Manière Intelligente</ulink> par <ulink url="http://www.catb.org/~esr/">Eric S. Raymond</ulink>.
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150 Il y en a un autre (en anglais) appelé
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151 <ulink url="http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html">How to Report
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152 Bugs Effectively</ulink> par <ulink url="http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/">Simon Tatham</ulink>.
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153 Si vous suivez ces règles vous devriez pouvoir obtenir de l'aide.
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154 Mais merci de comprendre que nous suivons tous les listes de diffusion
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155 volontairement sur notre temps libre.
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156 Nous sommes très occupés et ne pouvons garantir que vous aurez une solution à
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157 votre problème ou même une réponse.
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158 </para>
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159
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160 </sect1>
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161
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162 <sect1 id="bugreports_where">
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163 <title>Où rapporter les bogues</title>
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164 <para>
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165 Souscrivez à la liste de diffusion mplayer-users:
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166 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-users"/>
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167 et envoyez votre rapport à
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168 <ulink url="mailto:mplayer-users@mplayerhq.hu"/> où vous pourrez en discuter.
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169 </para>
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170 <para>
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171 Si vous préférez, vous pouvez utiliser notre tout nouveau
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172 <ulink url="http://bugzilla.mplayerhq.hu/">Bugzilla</ulink> à la place.
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173 </para>
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174 <para>
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175 La langue de cette liste est l'<emphasis role="bold">Anglais</emphasis>.
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176 Suivez les <ulink url="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1855.txt">Règles de la Netiquette</ulink>
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177 SVP et <emphasis role="bold">n'envoyez de mails en HTML</emphasis> sur
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178 aucune de nos listes de diffusion.
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179 Vous ne serez qu'ignoré ou banni.
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180 Si vous ne savez pas ce qu'est un mail en HTML ou pourquoi c'est mauvais,
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181 lisez ce <ulink url="http://expita.com/nomime.html">sympatique document</ulink>
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182 (en Anglais).
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183 Il explique tous les détails et a des instructions pour désactiver le HTML.
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184 Notez également que nous ne ferons pas de CC (copie conforme) individuelle
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185 et que c'est donc une bonne idée de souscrire pour recevoir votre réponse.
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186 </para>
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187 </sect1>
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188
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189 <sect1 id="bugreports_what">
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190 <title>Que rapporter</title>
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191 <para>
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192 Vous pouvez avoir besoin d'inclure des fichiers de log, de configuration
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193 ou d'échantillon. Si certains sont très gros alors il vaut mieux les uploader
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194 sur notre <ulink url="ftp://mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/incoming/">serveur FTP</ulink>
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195 en format compressé (gzip et bzip2 préférés) et indiquer uniquement leur
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196 chemin et nom dans le rapport de bogue.
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197 Nos listes de diffusion ont une taille de message limite de 80k, si vous
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198 avez quelque chose de plus gros vous devrez le compresser ou l'uploader.
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199 </para>
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200
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201 <sect2 id="bugreports_system">
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202
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203 <title>Information Système</title>
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204 <para>
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205 <itemizedlist>
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206 <listitem><para>
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207 Votre distribution Linux ou système d'exploitation et version, ex.:
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208 <itemizedlist>
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209 <listitem><para>Red Hat 7.1</para></listitem>
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210 <listitem><para>Slackware 7.0 + paquets de développement de la 7.1 ...</para></listitem>
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211 </itemizedlist>
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212 </para></listitem>
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213 <listitem><para>
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214 version du noyau:
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215 <screen>uname -a</screen>
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216 </para></listitem>
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217 <listitem><para>
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218 version de la libc:
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219 <screen>ls -l /lib/libc[.-]*</screen>
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220 </para></listitem>
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221 <listitem><para>
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222 versions de gcc et ld :
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223 <screen>
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224 gcc -v
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225 ld -v
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226 </screen>
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227 </para></listitem>
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228 <listitem><para>
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229 version des binutils:
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230 <screen>as --version</screen>
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231 </para></listitem>
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232 <listitem><para>
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233 Si vous avez des problèmes avec le mode plein-écran:
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234 <itemizedlist>
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235 <listitem><para>Type de gestionnaire de fenêtre et version</para></listitem>
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236 </itemizedlist>
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237 </para></listitem>
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238 <listitem><para>
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239 Si vous avez des problèmes avec XVIDIX:
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240 <itemizedlist>
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241 <listitem><para>profondeur de couleur de X:
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242 <screen>xdpyinfo | grep &quot;depth of root&quot;</screen>
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243 </para></listitem>
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244 </itemizedlist>
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245 </para></listitem>
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246 <listitem><para>
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247 Si seul le GUI (ou IHM - Interface Homme Machine) est boguée:
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248 <itemizedlist>
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249 <listitem><para>version de GTK</para></listitem>
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250 <listitem><para>version de GLIB</para></listitem>
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251 <listitem><para>version de libpng</para></listitem>
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252 <listitem><para>Position dans le GUI au moment où le bogue se produit</para></listitem>
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253 </itemizedlist>
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254 </para></listitem>
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255 </itemizedlist>
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256 </para>
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257 </sect2>
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258
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259 <sect2 id="bugreports_hardware">
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260 <title>Matériel et pilotes</title>
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261 <para>
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262 <itemizedlist>
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263 <listitem><para>
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264 Info CPU (cela ne fonctionne que sous Linux):
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265 <screen>cat /proc/cpuinfo</screen>
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266 </para></listitem>
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267 <listitem><para>
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268 Fabricant et modèle de votre carte vidéo, ex.:
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269 <itemizedlist>
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270 <listitem><para>chip ASUS V3800U: nVidia TNT2 Ultra pro 32Mo SDRAM</para></listitem>
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271 <listitem><para>Matrox G400 DH 32Mo SGRAM</para></listitem>
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272 </itemizedlist>
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273 </para></listitem>
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274 <listitem><para>
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275 Type et version des drivers vidéo, ex.:
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276 <itemizedlist>
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277 <listitem><para>Pilote X intégré</para></listitem>
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278 <listitem><para>nVidia 0.9.623</para></listitem>
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279 <listitem><para>Utah-GLX CVS 2001-02-17</para></listitem>
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280 <listitem><para>DRI avec X 4.0.3</para></listitem>
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281 </itemizedlist>
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282 </para></listitem>
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283 <listitem><para>
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284 Type de carte son et pilote, ex.:
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285 <itemizedlist>
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286 <listitem><para>Creative SBLive! Gold avec pilote OSS de oss.creative.com</para></listitem>
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287 <listitem><para>Creative SB16 avec pilotes noyau OSS</para></listitem>
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288 <listitem><para>GUS PnP avec émulation OSS ALSA</para></listitem>
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289 </itemizedlist>
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290 </para></listitem>
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291 <listitem><para>
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292 En cas de doute, joignez-y le résultat de <command>lspci -vv</command> sur les systèmes Linux.
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293 </para></listitem>
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294 </itemizedlist>
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295 </para>
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296 </sect2>
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297
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298 <sect2 id="bugreports_configure">
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299 <title>Problèmes de configuration</title>
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300 <para>
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301 Si vous rencontrez des erreurs pendant l'éxecution de <command>./configure</command>,
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302 ou si l'auto-détection ou autre chose échoue, lisez <filename>configure.log</filename>.
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303 Vous pourriez y trouver la réponse, par exemple des versions multiples
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304 mélangées de la même librairie dans votre système, ou vous avez oublié
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305 d'installer les paquets de développement (ceux avec le suffixe -dev).
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306 Si vous pensez que c'est un bogue, incluez
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307 <filename>configure.log</filename> dans votre rapport de bogue.
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308 </para>
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309 </sect2>
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310
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311 <sect2 id="bugreports_conpilation">
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312 <title>Problèmes de compilation</title>
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313 <para>
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314 Veuillez inclure ces fichiers:
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315 <itemizedlist>
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316 <listitem><para>config.h</para></listitem>
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317 <listitem><para>config.mak</para></listitem>
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318 </itemizedlist>
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319 Uniquement si la compilation échoue à partir d'un de ces répertoires, incluez ces fichiers:
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320 <itemizedlist>
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321 <listitem><para>Gui/config.mak</para></listitem>
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322 <listitem><para>libvo/config.mak</para></listitem>
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323 <listitem><para>libao2/config.mak</para></listitem>
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324 </itemizedlist>
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325 </para>
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326 </sect2>
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327
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328 <sect2 id="bugreports_playback">
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329 <title>Problèmes de lecture</title>
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330 <para>
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331 Merci d'inclure la sortie de <application>MPlayer</application> en verbosité niveau 1,
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332 mais rappelez-vous de <emphasis role="bold">ne pas tronquer la sortie</emphasis> en le
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333 copiant dans votre mail. Les développeurs ont besoin de tous les messages
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334 pour diagnostiquer correctement un problème. Vous pouvez rediriger la sortie
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335 dans un fichier comme ceci:
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336 <screen>mplayer -v <replaceable>options</replaceable> <replaceable>nomfichier</replaceable> &gt; mplayer.log 2&gt;&amp;1</screen>
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337 </para>
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338
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339 <para>
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340 Si votre problème est spécifique à un ou plusieurs fichiers, alors merci d'uploader
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341 le(s) fautif(s) sur:
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342 <ulink url="ftp://mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/incoming/"/>
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343 </para>
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344
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345 <para>
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346 Uploadez aussi un petit fichier texte ayant le même nom que votre fichier
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347 mais avec une extension .txt.
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348 Décrivez le problème que vous avez avec ce fichier et incluez votre adresse
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349 e-mail ainsi que la sortie de MPlayer en verbosité niveau 1.
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350 Généralement les premiers 1-5 Mo sont suffisants pour reproduire le problème,
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351 mais pour être sûrs nous vous demandons de faire:
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352 <screen>dd if=<replaceable>votre_fichier</replaceable> of=<replaceable>petit_fichier</replaceable> bs=1024k count=5</screen>
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353 Cela coupera les 5 premiers Mo de '<emphasis role="bold">votre_fichier</emphasis>'
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354 et les sauvera dans '<emphasis role="bold">petit_fichier</emphasis>'.
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355 Essayez alors de lire le petit fichier, et si le bogue persiste vous pouvez
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356 envoyer le petit fichier par ftp. <emphasis role="bold">N'envoyez jamais</emphasis>
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357 ces fichiers par e-mail SVP !
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358 Envoyez-les par FTP, et postez seulement le chemin/nom des fichiers sur le serveur
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359 FTP. Si le fichier est accessible en téléchargement à partir d'Internet, alors
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360 envoyez seulement son adresse URL <emphasis role="bold">exacte</emphasis>.
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361 </para>
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362 </sect2>
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363
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364 <sect2 id="bugreports_crash">
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365 <title>Plantages</title>
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366 <para>
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367 Vous devez lancer <application>MPlayer</application> à l'intérieur de
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368 <command>gdb</command> et nous envoyer le résultat complet ou si vous
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369 avez un <filename>core</filename> dump du plantage vous pouvez extraire
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370 des informations utiles du fichier Core. Voici comment:
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371 </para>
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372
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373 <sect3 id="bugreports_debug">
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374 <title>Comment conserver les informations sur un plantage reproductible</title>
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375 <para>
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376 Recompilez <application>MPlayer</application> avec les instructions de
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377 déboguage activées:
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378 <screen>
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379 ./configure --enable-debug=3
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380 make
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381 </screen>
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382 et ensuite lancez MPlayer à l'intérieur de gdb en utilisant:
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383 <screen>gdb ./mplayer</screen>
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384 Vous êtes maintenant à l'intérieur de gdb. Tapez:
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385 <screen>run -v <replaceable>options-pour-mplayer</replaceable> <replaceable>nomfichier</replaceable></screen>
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386 et reproduisez votre plantage.
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387 Aussitôt que vous l'avez fait, gdb va vous renvoyer à la ligne de commande
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388 où vous devrez entrer
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389 <screen>
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390 bt
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391 disass $pc-32 $pc+32
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392 info all-registers
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393 </screen>
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394 </para>
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395 </sect3>
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396
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397 <sect3 id="bugreports_core">
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398 <title>Comment extraire les informations significatives d'un core dump</title>
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399 <para>
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400 Créer le fichier de commande suivant:
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401 <screen>
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402 bt
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403 disass $pc-32 $pc+32
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404 info all-registers
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405 </screen>
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406 Ensuite exécutez simplement la commande:
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407 <screen>gdb mplayer --core=core -batch --command=<replaceable>fichier_de_commande</replaceable> &gt; mplayer.bug</screen>
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408 </para>
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409 </sect3>
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410 </sect2>
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411 </sect1>
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412
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413 <sect1 id="bugreports_advusers">
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414 <title>Je sais ce que je fait...</title>
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415 <para>
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416 Si vous avez créé un rapport de bogue correct en suivant les étapes
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417 ci-dessus et que vous êtes persuadé qu'il s'agit d'un bug dans
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418 <application>MPlayer</application>, et non un problème de compilateur
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419 ou d'un fichier endommagé, vous avez déjà lu la documentation et vous
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420 n'arrivez pas à trouver une solution, vos pilotes son sont OK, alors
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421 vous pouvez souscrire à la liste mplayer-advusers et y envoyer votre
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422 rapport pour obtenir une réponse plus intéressante et plus rapide.
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423 </para>
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424
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425 <para>
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426 Soyez prévenu que si vous posez des questions de newbie (débutant) ou
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427 des questions dont les réponses sont dans le manuel, vous serez ignoré
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428 ou insulté au lieu de recevoir une réponse appropriée.
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429 Donc ne nous insultez pas et ne vous inscrivez à -advusers que si vous
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430 savez vraiment ce que vous faites et vous sentez en mesure d'être un
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431 utilisateur avancé de <application>MPlayer</application> ou un développeur.
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432 Si vous correspondez à ces critères il ne devrait pas être difficile de
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433 trouver comment on s'inscrit...
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434 </para>
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435
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436 </sect1>
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437
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438 </appendix>