Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/pl/encoding-guide.xml @ 28000:b7ac37077dac
Another part of sync to 27843
author | torinthiel |
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date | Mon, 24 Nov 2008 22:42:19 +0000 |
parents | c4fc6b71b123 |
children | eb0903e395ba |
rev | line source |
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
27869 | 2 <!-- synced with 27843 --> |
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3 <!-- Opiekun: Torinthiel --> |
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4 <!-- INCOMPLETE!!!! --> |
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5 <chapter id="encoding-guide"> |
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6 <title>Kodowanie przy użyciu <application>MEncodera</application></title> |
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7 |
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8 <sect1 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4"> |
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9 <title>Rippowanie DVD do wysokiej jakości pliku MPEG-4 ("DivX")</title> |
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10 |
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11 <para> |
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12 Jednym z często zadawanych pytań jest "Jak zrobić rip najlepszej jakości |
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13 przy danej objętości?". Innym pytaniem jest "Jak zrobić najlepszy możliwy |
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14 rip? Nie ważne jaka będzie objętość, chcę najlepszej jakości." |
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15 </para> |
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16 |
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17 <para> |
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18 To drugie pytanie jest przynajmniej źle postawione. W końcu, jeśli nie |
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19 przejmujesz się wielkością pliku, mógłbyć po prostu skopiować strumień |
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20 MPEG-2 z DVD. Pewnie, dostaniesz AVI wielkości około 5GB, ale jeśli chcesz |
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21 najlepszej jakości i nie przejmujesz się wielkością to jest to najlepsze |
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22 wyjście. |
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23 </para> |
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24 |
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25 <para> |
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26 Tak na prawdę, powodem dla którego chcesz przekodować DVD na MPEG-4 jest to, |
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27 że <emphasis role="bold">przejmujesz</emphasis> się wielkością pliku. |
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28 </para> |
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29 |
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30 <para> |
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31 Ciężko jest pokazać książkowy przepis na tworzenie ripu DVD bardzo wysokiej |
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32 jakości. Trzeba wziąć pod uwagę kilka czynników, i powinieneś rozumieć |
27869 | 33 szczegóły procesu, albo jest duża szansa że nie będziesz zadowolony z wyników. |
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34 Poniżej zbadamy niektóre problemy i pokażemy przykład. Zakładamy że używasz |
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35 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> do kodowania obrazu, |
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36 chociaż ta sama teoria działą też przy innych kodekach. |
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37 </para> |
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38 |
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39 <para> |
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40 Jeśli to wydaje Ci się za dużo, to pewnie powinieneś użyć jednej z wielu |
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41 nakładek dostępnych w |
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42 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/homepage/design7/projects.html#mencoder_frontends">sekcji MEncodera</ulink> |
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43 naszej strony z powiązanymi projektami. |
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44 W ten sposób, powinno się udać otrzymać ripy wysokiej jakości bez zbyt |
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45 myślenia za dużo, ponieważ te narzędzia są projektowane by podejmować za |
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46 Ciebie mądre decyzje. |
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47 </para> |
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48 |
27869 | 49 <!-- ********** --> |
50 | |
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51 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-preparing-encode"> |
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52 <title>Przygotowanie do kodowania: Identyfikowanie materiału źródłowego |
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53 i framerate</title> |
27869 | 54 |
55 <para> | |
56 Zanim w ogóle zaczniesz myśleć o kodowaniu filmu, musisz przejść kilka | |
57 wstępnych kroków. | |
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58 </para> |
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59 |
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60 <para> |
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61 Pierwszym i najważniejszym krokiem przed kodowaniem powinno być |
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62 ustalenie jakim typem filmu się zajmujesz. |
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63 Jeśli Twój film jest z DVD albo telewizji (zwykłej, kablowej czy |
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64 satelitarnej), będzie w jednym z dwóch formatów: NTSC w Ameryce Północnej |
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65 i Japonii, PAL w Europie itp. |
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66 Trzeba sobie jednak zdawać sprawę z tego, że jest to tylko format do |
27869 | 67 prezentacji w telewizji, i często <emphasis role="bold">nie</emphasis> jest |
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68 oryginalnym formatem filmu. |
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69 Doświadczenie pokazuje że filmy NTSC są trudniejsze do kodowania, ponieważ |
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70 jest więcej elementów do zidentyfikowania w źródle. |
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71 Żeby zrobić odpowienie kodowanie musisz znać oryginalny format filmu. |
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72 Nieuwzględnienie tego skutkuje wieloma wadami wynikowego pliku, na przykład |
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73 brzydkie artefakty przeplotu i powtórzone albo zagubione klatki. |
27869 | 74 Poza tym że są brzydkie, artefakty są też szkodliwe dla kodowania: |
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75 Dostaniesz gorszą jakość na jednostkę bitrate. |
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76 </para> |
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77 |
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78 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-preparing-encode-fps"> |
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79 <title>Ustalanie źródłowego framerate</title> |
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80 <para> |
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81 Poniżej jest lista popularnych typów materiału źródłowego, gdzie można je |
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82 najczęściej znaleźć i ich własności: |
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83 </para> |
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84 <itemizedlist> |
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85 <listitem><para> |
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86 <emphasis role="bold">Typowy film</emphasis>: Tworzony do wyświetlania przy |
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87 24fps. |
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88 </para></listitem> |
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89 <listitem><para> |
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90 <emphasis role="bold">Film PAL</emphasis>: Nagrywany kamerą video PAL |
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91 z prędkością 50 pól na sekundę. |
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92 Pole składa się tylko z parzystych albo nieparzystych linii klatki. |
27869 | 93 Telewizja była projektowana by odświerzać je naprzemiennie, w charakterze |
94 taniej formy analogowej kompresji. | |
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95 Ludzkie oko podobno kompensuje ten efekt, ale jeśli zrozumiesz przeplot |
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96 nauczysz się go widzieć też w telewizji i nigdy już nie będziesz z niej |
27869 | 97 ZADOWOLONY. |
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98 Dwa pola <emphasis role="bold">nie</emphasis> dają pełnej klatki, ponieważ |
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99 są uchwycone co 1/50 sekundy, więc nie pasują do siebie, chyba że nie ma |
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100 ruchu. |
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101 </para></listitem> |
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102 <listitem><para> |
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103 <emphasis role="bold">Film NTSC</emphasis>: Nagrany kamerą NTSC z prędkością |
27869 | 104 60000/1001 pól na sekundę, albo 60 pól na sekundę w erze przedkolorowej. |
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105 Poza tym podobny do PAL. |
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106 </para></listitem> |
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107 <listitem><para> |
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108 <emphasis role="bold">Animacja</emphasis>: Zazwyczaj rysowana przy 24fps, |
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109 ale zdarzają się też z mieszanym framerate. |
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110 </para></listitem> |
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111 <listitem><para> |
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112 <emphasis role="bold">Grafika komputerowa (CG)</emphasis>: Może być dowolny |
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113 framerate, ale niektóre są częstsze niż inne; wartości 24 i 30 klatek na |
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114 sekundę są typowe dla NTSC, a 25fps jest typowe dla PAL. |
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115 </para></listitem> |
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116 <listitem><para> |
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117 <emphasis role="bold">Stary film</emphasis>: Rozmaite niższe framerate. |
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118 </para></listitem> |
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119 </itemizedlist> |
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120 </sect3> |
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121 |
27869 | 122 |
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123 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-preparing-encode-material"> |
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124 <title>Identyfikowanie materiału źródłowego</title> |
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125 <para> |
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126 Filmy składające się z klatek nazywa się progresywnymi, |
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127 podczas gdy te składające się z niezależnych pól nazywa się |
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128 z przeplotem, albo filmem - chociaż ten drugi termin jest niejasny. |
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129 </para> |
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130 <para> |
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131 Żeby nie było za łatwo, niektóre filmy są kombinacją kilku powyższych typów. |
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132 </para> |
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133 <para> |
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134 Najważniejszą różnicą między tymi formatami, jest to że niektóre są oparte |
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135 na klatkach a inne na polach. |
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136 <emphasis role="bold">Zawsze</emphasis> gdy film jest przygotowywany do |
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137 wyświetlania w telewizji jest przekształcany na format oparty na polach. |
27869 | 138 Rozliczne metody którymi się tego dokonuje są wspólnie nazywane "telecine", |
139 a niesławne "3:2 pulldown" z NTSC jest jednym z jego rodzajów. | |
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140 Jeżeli oryginał nie był też oparty na polach (z tą samą prędkością), |
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141 dostajesz film w innym formacie niż oryginał. |
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142 </para> |
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143 |
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144 <itemizedlist> |
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145 <title>Jest kilka popularnych typów pulldown:</title> |
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146 <listitem><para> |
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147 <emphasis role="bold">pulldown PAL 2:2</emphasis>: Najprzyjemniejszy z nich |
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148 wszystkich. |
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149 Każda klatka jest pokazywana przez czas dwóch pól, poprzez wydobycie |
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150 parzystych i nieparzystych linii i pokazywanie ich na przemian. |
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151 Jeśli oryginalny materiał miał 24fps, ten proces przyspiesza film o 4%. |
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152 </para></listitem> |
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153 <listitem><para> |
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154 <emphasis role="bold">pulldown PAL 2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:3</emphasis>: |
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155 Każda 12ta klatka jest pokazywana przez czas trzech pól zamiast tylko dwóch. |
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156 Dzięki temu nie ma przyspieszenia o 4%, ale proces jest o wiele trudniejszy |
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157 do odtworzenia. |
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158 Zazwyczaj występuje w produkcjach muzycznych, gdzie zmiana prędkości o 4% |
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159 poważnie by uszkodziła muzykę. |
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160 </para></listitem> |
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161 <listitem><para> |
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162 <emphasis role="bold">NTSC 3:2 telecine</emphasis>: Klatki są pokazywane na |
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163 przemian przez czas 3ch albo 2ch pól. |
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164 To daje częstotliwość pól 2.5 raza większą niż oryginalna częstotliwość |
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165 klatek. Rezultat jest też lekko zwolniony z 60 pól na sekundę do 60000/1001 |
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166 pól na sekundę by utrzymać częstotliwość pól w NTSC. |
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167 </para></listitem> |
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168 <listitem><para> |
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169 <emphasis role="bold">NTSC 2:2 pulldown</emphasis>: Używane do pokazywania |
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170 materiałów 30fps na NTSC. |
27869 | 171 Przyjemne, tak jak pulldown 2:2 PAL. |
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172 </para></listitem> |
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173 </itemizedlist> |
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174 |
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175 <para> |
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176 Są też metody konwersji między filmami PAL i NTSC, ale ten temat |
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177 wykracza poza zakres tego podręcznika. |
27869 | 178 Jeśli natkniesz się na taki film i chcesz go zakodować, to największe |
179 szanse masz robiąc kopię w oryginalnym formacie. | |
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180 Konwersja między tymi dwoma formatami jest wysoce destrukcyjna i nie może |
27869 | 181 zostać ładnie odwrócona, więc kodowanie będzie o wiele gorszej jakości jeśli |
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182 jest robione z przekonwertowanego źródła. |
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183 </para> |
27869 | 184 |
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185 <para> |
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186 Gdy film jest zapisywany na DVD, kolejne pary pól są zapisywane jako klatka, |
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187 pomimo tego że nie są przezaczone do wyświetlania razem. |
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188 Standard MPEG-2 używany na DVD i w cyfrowej TV pozwala na zakodowanie |
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189 oryginalnej progresywnej klatki i na przechowanie w nagłówku klatki ilości |
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190 pól przez które ta klatka powinna być pokazana. |
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191 Filmy zrobione przy użyciu tej metody są często określane mianem "miękkiego |
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192 telecine" (soft-telecine), ponieważ proces ten tylko informuje odtwarzacz że |
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193 ma on zastosować pulldown, a nie stosuje go samemu. |
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194 Tak jest o wiele lepiej, ponieważ może to zostać łatwo odwrócone (a tak na |
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195 prawdę zignorowane) przez koder i ponieważ zachowuje możliwie najwyższą |
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196 jakość. |
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197 Niestety, wielu producentów DVD i stacji nadawczych nie stosuje prawidłowych |
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198 technik kodowania ale w zamian produkuje filmy przy użyciu "twardego |
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199 telecine" (hard-telecine), gdzie pola są faktycznie powtórzone |
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200 w zakodowanym MPEG-2. |
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201 </para> |
27869 | 202 |
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203 <para> |
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204 Procedury radzenia sobie z takimi przypadkami będą omówione |
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205 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine">w dalszej części przewodnika</link>. |
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206 Teraz podamy tylko kilka wskazówek jak identyfikować z jakim typem materiału |
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207 mamy do czynienia. |
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208 </para> |
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209 |
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210 <itemizedlist> |
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211 <title>Regiony NTSC:</title> |
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212 <listitem><para> |
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213 Jeśli <application>MPlayer</application> wyświetla w trakcie oglądania filmu |
27869 | 214 że framerate zostało zmienione na 24000/1001 i nigdy nie powraca, to jest |
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215 to prawie na pewno progresywny materiał na którym zastosowano "miękkie |
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216 telecine". |
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217 </para></listitem> |
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218 <listitem><para> |
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219 Jeśli <application>MPlayer</application> pokazuje że framerate zmienia się |
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220 między 24000/1001 i 30000/1001 i czasami widzisz "grzebienie" to jest kilka |
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221 możliwości. |
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222 <!-- Torinthiel: grzebienie mi najlepiej pasują, ale może jest oficjalne tłumaczenie --> |
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223 Kawałki 24000/1001fps są prawie na pewno progresywne, poddane "miękkiemu |
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224 telecine", ale fragmenty 30000/1001 fps mogą albo być 24000/1001 poddanym |
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225 "twardemu telecine" albo filmem NTCS o 60000/1001 polach na sekundę. |
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226 Używaj tych samych metod co w następnych dwóch przypadkach żeby je odróżnić. |
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227 </para></listitem> |
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228 <listitem><para> |
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229 Jeśli <application>MPlayer</application> nigdy nie pokazuje informacji |
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230 o zmianie framerate i każda klatka z ruchem wygląda jak grzebień, to masz |
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231 film NTSC z 60000/1001 polami na sekundę. |
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232 </para></listitem> |
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233 <listitem><para> |
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234 Jeśli <application>MPlayer</application> nigdy nie pokazuje informacji |
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235 o zmianie framerate i dwie klatki z każdych pięciu mają grzebienie, to film |
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236 jest 24000/1001 fps poddanym "twardemu telecine". |
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237 </para></listitem> |
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238 </itemizedlist> |
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239 |
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240 <itemizedlist> |
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241 <title>Regiony PAL:</title> |
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242 <listitem><para> |
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243 Jeśli nie widzisz grzebieni, to jest to 2:2 pulldown. |
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244 </para></listitem> |
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245 <listitem><para> |
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246 Jeśli na przemian przez pół sekundy widzisz grzebienie a potem nie, to masz |
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247 2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:3 pulldown. |
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248 </para></listitem> |
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249 <listitem><para> |
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250 Jeśli zawsze widzisz grzebienie w trakcie ruchu, to film jest filmem PAL |
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251 wyświetlanym z 50 polami na sekundę. |
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252 <!-- Torinthiel: wyświetlanym czy nagranym? --> |
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253 </para></listitem> |
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254 </itemizedlist> |
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255 |
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256 <note><title>Podpowiedź:</title> |
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257 <para> |
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258 <application>MPlayer</application> może zwolnić odtwarzanie filmu opcją |
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259 -speed albo odtwarzać klatka po klatce. |
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260 Spróbuj użyć opcji <option>-speed</option> 0.2 żeby oglądać film bardzo |
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261 wolno, albo naciskaj wielokrotnie klawisz "<keycap>.</keycap>" żeby |
27869 | 262 wyświetlać klatka po klatce. |
263 Może to pomóc zidentyfikować wzorzec jeśli | |
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264 nie możesz go dostrzec przy pełnej prędkości. |
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265 </para> |
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266 </note> |
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267 </sect3> |
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268 </sect2> |
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269 |
27869 | 270 <!-- ********** --> |
271 | |
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272 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-2pass"> |
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273 <title>Stały kwantyzator a tryb wieloprzebiegowy</title> |
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274 |
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275 <para> |
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276 Jest możliwe zakodowanie filmu z szeroką gamą jakości. |
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277 Z nowoczesnymi koderami i odrobiną kompresji przed kodekiem (zmniejszenie |
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278 rozdzielczości i usuwanie szumu), możliwe jest osiągnięcie bardzo dobrej |
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279 jakości przy 700 MB, dla 90-110 minutowego filmu kinowego. |
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280 Dodatkowo tylko najdłuższe filmy nie dają się zakodować na 1400 MB z prawie |
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281 doskonałą jakością. |
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282 </para> |
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283 |
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284 <para> |
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285 Są trzy podejścia do kodowania video: stały bitrate (CBR), |
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286 stały kwantyzator i tryb wieloprzebiegowy (ABR, uśrednione bitrate). |
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287 </para> |
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288 |
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289 <para> |
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290 Złożoność klatek filmu, a zatem i ilość bitów potrzebna na ich zakodowanie, |
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291 może się bardzo mocno zmieniać w zależności od sceny. |
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292 Nowoczesne kodery potrafią się dostosowywać do tych zmian i zmieniać |
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293 bitrate. |
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294 Jednak w prostych trybach, takich jak CBR, kodery nie znają zapotrzebowania |
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295 na bitrate w przyszłych scenach, więc nie mogą na długo przekraczać |
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296 wymaganego bitrate. |
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297 Bardziej zaawansowane tryby, takie jak kodowanie wieloprzebiegowe, potrafią |
27869 | 298 wziąć pod uwagę statystyki z poprzednich przebiegów, co naprawia ten problem. |
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299 </para> |
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300 |
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301 <note><title>Uwaga:</title> |
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302 <para> |
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303 Większość kodeków obsługujących kodowanie ABR obsługuje tylko kodowanie |
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304 dwuprzebiegowe, podczas gdy niektóre inne, na przykład |
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305 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> albo |
27869 | 306 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem> potrafią wykonywać wiele |
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307 przebiegów, z lekką poprawą jakości po każdym przebiegu. Jednak ta poprawa |
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308 nie jest zauważalna ani mierzalna po około 4tym przebiegu. |
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309 Dlatego też, w tej części, tryb dwuprzebiegowy i wieloprzebiegowy będą |
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310 używane zamiennie. |
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311 </para> |
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312 </note> |
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313 |
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314 <para> |
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315 W każdym z tych trybów, kodek video (na przykład |
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316 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>) |
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317 dzieli klatkę obrazu na makrobloki 16x16 pikseli i stosuje do każdego z nich |
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318 kwantyzator. Im niższy kwantyzator, tym lepsza jakość i tym wyższe bitrate. |
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319 Metody jakiej koder używa do ustalenia kwantyzatora są różne i można nimi |
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320 sterować. (Jest to straszliwe uproszczenie, ale wystarcza do zrozumienia |
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321 podstaw.) |
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322 </para> |
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323 |
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324 <para> |
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325 Kiedy podajesz stałe bitrate, kodek koduje usuwając tyle szczegółów ile musi |
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326 i tak mało jak to tylko możliwe żeby pozostać poniżej podanego bitrate. |
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327 Jeśli na prawdę nie obchodzi cię wielkość pliku, możesz użyć CBR i podać |
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328 nieskończone bitrate (W praktyce oznacza to bitrate na tyle wysokie że nie |
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329 stanowi bariery, na przykład 10000Kbit.) Bez żadnego ograniczenia na bitrate |
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330 kodek użyje najniższego możliwego kwantyzatora do każdej klatki (ustalonego |
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331 dla <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> opcją |
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332 <option>vqmin</option>, domyślnie 2). |
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333 Gdy tylko podasz bitrate na tyle niskie że kodek musi używać wyższego |
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334 kwantyzatora, to prawie na pewno niszczysz film. |
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335 Żeby tego uniknąć, powinieneś pewnie zmniejszyć rozdzielczość filmu, metodą |
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336 opisaną dalej. |
27869 | 337 Ogólnie, jeśli zależy Ci na jakości, powinieneś unikać CBR. |
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338 </para> |
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339 |
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340 <para> |
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341 Przy stałym kwantyzatorze, kodek używa na każdym makrobloku tego samego |
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342 kwantyzatora, podanego opcją <option>vqscale</option> |
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343 (w przypadku <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>). |
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344 Jeśli chcesz możliwie najlepszy efekt, znów ignorując bitrate, możesz użyć |
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345 <option>vqscale=2</option>. Da to ten sam bitrate i PSNR (peak |
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346 signal-to-noise ratio, szczytowa proporcja sygnału do szumu) co CBR |
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347 z <option>vbitrate</option>=nieskończoność i domyślnym |
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348 <option>vqmin</option>. |
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349 </para> |
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350 |
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351 <para> |
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352 Problemem przy stałym kwantyzatorze jest to, że używa podanego kwantyzatora |
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353 niezależnie od tego czy makroblok tego wymaga czy nie. To znaczy że można by |
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354 było zastosować do makrobloku wyższy kwantyzator bez utraty postrzegalnej |
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355 jakości. Dlaczego marnować bity na niepotrzebnie niski kwantyzator? |
27869 | 356 Mikroprocesor ma tyle cykli ile jest czasu, ale jest tylko ograniczona ilość |
357 bitów na twardym dysku. | |
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358 </para> |
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359 |
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360 <para> |
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361 Przy kodowaniu dwuprzebiegowym, pierwszy przebieg potraktuje film jak przu |
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362 ustawieniu CBR, ale zachowa informacje o własnościach każdej klatki. Te dane |
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363 są później używane przy drugim przebiegu do podejmowania słusznych decyzji |
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364 o używanym kwantyzatorze. Przy szybkich scenach albo niewielu szczegółach |
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365 pewnie użyje większego kwantyzatora, podczas gdy dla powolnych, |
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366 szczegółowych scen będzie niższy kwantyzator. |
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367 </para> |
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368 |
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369 <para> |
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370 Jeśli używasz <option>vqscale=2</option> to marnujesz bity. Jeśli używasz |
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371 <option>vqscale=3</option> to nie dostajesz najlepszej możliwej jakości. |
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372 Załóżmy że zakodowałeś swoje DVD przy <option>vqscale=3</option> |
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373 i dostałeś bitrate 1800Kbit. Jeśli zrobisz dwa przebiegi |
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374 z <option>vbitrate=1800</option> ostateczny wynik będzie miał |
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375 <emphasis role="bold">wyższą jakość</emphasis> przy |
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376 <emphasis role="bold">tym samym bitrate</emphasis>. |
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377 </para> |
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378 |
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379 <para> |
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380 Ponieważ jesteś już przekonany że prawidłowym wyborem są dwa przebiegi, |
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381 prawdziwym pytaniem jest jakiego bitrate użyć. Nie ma jednej odpowiedzi. |
27869 | 382 Idealnie chcesz wybrać bitrate będący najlepszym kompromisem między jakością |
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383 a wielkością pliku. To się zmienia w zależności od filmu. |
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384 </para> |
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385 |
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386 <para> |
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387 Jeśli wielkość nie ma znaczenia, dobrym punktem wyjściowym do bardzo |
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388 wysokiej jakości jest około 2000Kbit plus minus 200Kbit. |
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389 Jeśli jest dużo akcji albo szczegółów, albo po prostu masz bardzo wrażliwe |
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390 oko, możesz się zdecydować na 2400 albo 2600. |
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391 Przy niektórych DVD możesz nie zauważyć różnicy przy 1400Kbit. Dobrym |
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392 pomysłem jest poeksperymentowanie z kilkoma scenami i różnymi wartościami |
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393 bitrate żeby nabrać wyczucia. |
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394 </para> |
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395 |
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396 <para> |
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397 Jeśli chcesz konkretnej wielkości, musisz jakoś obliczyć bitrare. |
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398 Ale zanim to zrobisz, musisz wiedzieć ile miejsca potrzebujesz na dźwięk, |
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399 więc powinieneś <link linkend="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-audio">ściągnąć go</link> |
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400 najpierw. |
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401 Możesz wyliczyć bitrate z następującego równania: |
27869 | 402 <systemitem>bitrate = (wielkość_docelowa_w_MBajtach - wielkość_dźwięku_w_MBajtach) |
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403 * 1024 * 1024 / długość_w_sekundach * 8 / 1000</systemitem> |
27869 | 404 Na przykład by wcisnąć dwugodzinny film na płytkę 702MB, z 60MB ścieżki |
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405 dźwiękowej, bitrate video musi być: |
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406 <systemitem>(702 - 60) * 1024 * 1024 / (120*60) * 8 / 1000 |
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407 = 740kbps</systemitem> |
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408 </para> |
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409 </sect2> |
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410 |
27869 | 411 <!-- ********** --> |
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412 |
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413 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-constraints"> |
27869 | 414 <title>Ograniczenia efektywnego kodowania</title> |
415 | |
416 <para> | |
417 Ze względu na naturę kodowania typu MPEG istnieją różne ograniczenia których | |
418 warto się trzymać żeby osiągnąć najlepszą jakość. | |
419 MPEG dzieli obraz na kwadraty 16x16 pikseli nazywane makroblokami, | |
420 każdy z nich składa się z 4 bloków 8x8 informacji o jasności (luminancja, luma) | |
421 i dwóch 8x8 z połową rozdzielczości (jeden na składową czerwono-morską, drugi | |
422 na niebiesko-żółtą). | |
423 Nawet jeśli wysokość i szerokość filmu nie są wielokrotnościami 16, | |
424 koder użyje tyle makrobloków żeby przykryć cały obszar obrazu, | |
425 dodatkowa przestrzeń zostanie zmarnowana. | |
426 Zatem w interesie zwiększenai jakości przy utrzymaniu wielkości pliku kiepskim | |
427 pomysłem jest używanie wymiarów które nie są wielokrotnością 16. | |
428 </para> | |
429 | |
430 <para> | |
431 Większość DVD ma też jakieś czarne ramki na brzegach. | |
432 Zostawienie ich tam <emphasis role="bold">mocno</emphasis> zaszkodzi jakości | |
433 na kilka sposobów. | |
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434 </para> |
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435 |
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436 <orderedlist> |
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437 <listitem> |
27869 | 438 <para> |
439 Kompresje typu MPEG są zależne od transformat przestrzeni częstotliwości, | |
440 a dokładniej Dyskretnej Transformaty Cosinusowej (DCT), która jest podobna do | |
441 transformaty Fouriera. | |
442 Ten sposób kodowania jest efektywny przy wzorach i gładkich przejściach, ale | |
443 kiepsko sobie radzi z ostrymi krawędziami. | |
444 Żeby je zakoować, musi używać o wiele większej liczby bitów, albo wystąpią | |
445 artefakty znane jako pierścienie. | |
446 </para> | |
447 | |
448 <para> | |
449 Transformacja częstotliwości (DCT) jest stosowana osobno do każdego | |
450 makrobloku (tak na prawdę do każdego bloku), więc ten problem istnieje tylko | |
451 gdy ostra krawędź jest wewnątrz bloku. | |
452 Jeśli czarna ramka zaczyna się dokładnie na krawędzi 16-pikselowego bloku, | |
453 nie stwarza problemów. | |
454 Jednakże, rzadko kiedy takie ramki są ładnie wyrównane, więc zazwyczaj będzie | |
455 trzeba przyciąć obraz żeby tego uniknąć. | |
456 </para> | |
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457 </listitem> |
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458 </orderedlist> |
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459 |
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460 <para> |
27869 | 461 Poza transformatami przestrzeni częstotliwości, kompresje typu MPEG używają |
462 wektorów ruchu, by reprezentować zmiany między sąsiednimi klatkami. | |
463 Oczywiście wektory ruchu są mniej efektywne w stosunku do nowej treści | |
464 przychodzącej z brzegów obrazka, ponieważ nie było jej na poprzedniej klatce. | |
465 Jeśli obraz rozciąga się do krawędzi zakodowanego regionu, | |
466 wektory ruchu radzą sobie z treścią wychodzącą poza krawędzie. | |
467 Jednak jeśli są ramki, mogą być kłopoty: | |
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468 </para> |
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469 |
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470 <orderedlist continuation="continues"> |
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471 <listitem> |
27869 | 472 <para> |
473 Dla każdego makrobloku, kompresja typu MPEG przechowuje wektor opisujący | |
474 która część poprzedniej klatki powinna być skopiowana do tego makrobloku jako | |
475 podstawa do przewidzenia następnej klatki. | |
476 Zakodowane wtedy muszą być tylko różnice. | |
477 Jeśli makroblok zawiera fragment ramki, to wektory ruchu z pozostałych cześci | |
478 obrazu zamażą obramowanie. | |
479 Oznacza to że dużo bitów będzie zużytych albo na jej powtórne zaczernienie | |
480 albo (co bardziej prawdopodobne), wektor ruchu w ogóle nie będzie użyty | |
481 i wszystkie zmiany w tym makrobloku będzie trzeba zakodować bezpośrednio. | |
482 W obu przypadkach, bardzo cierpi na tym efektywność kodowania. | |
483 </para> | |
484 | |
485 <para> | |
486 Powtórnie, ten problem występuje tylko jeśli ramki nie są na krawędziach | |
487 16-pikselowych bloków. | |
488 </para> | |
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489 </listitem> |
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490 |
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491 <listitem> |
27869 | 492 <para> |
493 W końcu, przypuśćmy że mamy makroblok wewnątrz obrazu i obiekt dostaje się do | |
494 niego z okolic krawędzi. | |
495 Kodowanie typu MPEG nie potrafi powiedzieć "skopiuj część która jeest | |
496 wewnątrz obraka, ale nie czarne obramowanie." Dlatego obramowanie też | |
497 zostanie skopiowane i trzeba będzie zużyć sporo bitów żeby zakodować fragment | |
498 obrazu który powinien tam być. | |
499 </para> | |
500 | |
501 <para> | |
502 Jeśli obraz sięga do krawędzi zakodowanego obszaru, MPEG ma specjalne | |
503 optymalizacje do wielokrotnego kopiowania ostatniego rzędu pikseli jeśli | |
504 wektor ruchu przychodzi z poza zakodoanego obszaru. | |
505 Staje się to bezużyteczne gry obraz ma czarne obramowanie. | |
506 W odróżnieniu od problemów 1 i 2 tutaj nic nie pomoże ustawienie obramowania | |
507 w odpowiednim miejscu. | |
508 </para> | |
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509 </listitem> |
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510 |
27869 | 511 <listitem><para> |
512 Mimo tego, że obramowanie jest całkowicie czarne i nigdy się nie zmienia, | |
513 zawsze jest pewien narzut związany z większą ilością makrobloków. | |
514 </para></listitem> | |
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515 </orderedlist> |
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516 |
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517 <para> |
27869 | 518 Ze wszystkich tych powodów zalecane jest całkowite wycięcie czarnych obramowań. |
519 Dodatkowo, jeśli przy krawędziach jest obszar zakłóceń/zniekształceń, obcięcie | |
520 go również poprawi efektywność kodowania. | |
521 Puryści, którzy chcą możliwie dokładnie zachować oryginał mogą się sprzeciwiać, | |
522 ale jeśli nie planujesz używać stałego kwantyzatora to jakość uzyskana dzięki | |
523 skadrowaniu znacząco przewyższy utratę informacji przy brzegach. | |
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524 </para> |
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525 </sect2> |
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526 |
27869 | 527 <!-- ********** --> |
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528 |
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529 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-crop"> |
27869 | 530 <title>Kadrowanie i skalowanie</title> |
531 | |
532 <para> | |
533 Przypomnijmy z poprzedniej części że ostateczna wielkość (wysokość i szerokość) | |
534 obrazu do kodowania powinna być wielokrotnością 16. | |
535 Można to osiągnąć kadrowaniem, skalowaniem albo kombinacją obydwu. | |
536 </para> | |
537 | |
538 <para> | |
539 Przy kadrowaniu, jest kilka reguł których musimy przestrzegać by uniknąć | |
540 uszkodzenia filmu. | |
541 Zwykły format YUV, 4:2:0, przechowuje wartości koloru podpróbkowane, czyli | |
542 kolor jest próbkowany o połowę rzadziej w każdym kierunku niż jasność. | |
543 Spójrzmy na diagram, na którym L oznacza punkty próbkowania jasności (luma) | |
544 a C koloru (chroma). | |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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545 </para> |
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546 |
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547 <informaltable> |
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548 <?dbhtml table-width="40%" ?> |
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boskicinek
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|
549 <?dbfo table-width="40%" ?> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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550 <tgroup cols="8" align="center"> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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551 <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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552 <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2"/> |
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diff
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|
553 <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3"/> |
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|
554 <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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diff
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555 <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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556 <colspec colnum="6" colname="col6"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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557 <colspec colnum="7" colname="col7"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
558 <colspec colnum="8" colname="col8"/> |
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|
559 <spanspec spanname="spa1-2" namest="col1" nameend="col2"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
560 <spanspec spanname="spa3-4" namest="col3" nameend="col4"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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561 <spanspec spanname="spa5-6" namest="col5" nameend="col6"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
562 <spanspec spanname="spa7-8" namest="col7" nameend="col8"/> |
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563 <tbody> |
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564 <row> |
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565 <entry>L</entry> |
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boskicinek
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566 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
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567 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
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568 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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569 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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570 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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571 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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572 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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573 </row> |
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boskicinek
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574 <row> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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575 <entry spanname="spa1-2">C</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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576 <entry spanname="spa3-4">C</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
577 <entry spanname="spa5-6">C</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
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changeset
|
578 <entry spanname="spa7-8">C</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
579 </row> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
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changeset
|
580 <row> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
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|
581 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
582 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
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|
583 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
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584 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
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585 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
586 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
587 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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588 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
589 </row> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
590 <row> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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591 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
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592 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
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593 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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594 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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595 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
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|
596 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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597 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
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598 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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599 </row> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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600 <row> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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601 <entry spanname="spa1-2">C</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
602 <entry spanname="spa3-4">C</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
603 <entry spanname="spa5-6">C</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
604 <entry spanname="spa7-8">C</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
605 </row> |
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boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
606 <row> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
607 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
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|
608 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
609 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
610 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
611 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
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|
612 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
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613 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
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614 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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615 </row> |
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616 </tbody> |
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617 </tgroup> |
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618 </informaltable> |
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619 |
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620 <para> |
27869 | 621 Jak widać, wiersze i kolumny obrazu w sposób naturalny łączą się w pary. |
622 Dlatego przesunięcia i wymiary kadrowania <emphasis>muszą</emphasis> być | |
623 liczbami parzystymi. | |
624 Jeśli nie są, barwa nie będzie już dobrze dopasowana do jasności. | |
625 Teoretycznie możliwe jest kadrowanie z nieparzystym przesunięciem, ale wymaga | |
626 to przepróbkowania kolorów, co jest potencjalnie stratną operacją nie | |
627 obsługiwaną przez filtr kadrowania. | |
628 </para> | |
629 | |
630 <para> | |
631 Dalej, film z przeplotem jest kodowany jak poniżej: | |
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632 </para> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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633 |
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|
634 <informaltable> |
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635 <?dbhtml table-width="80%" ?> |
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636 <?dbfo table-width="80%" ?> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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637 <tgroup cols="16" align="center"> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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638 <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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639 <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2"/> |
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640 <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3"/> |
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641 <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4"/> |
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642 <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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643 <colspec colnum="6" colname="col6"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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644 <colspec colnum="7" colname="col7"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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645 <colspec colnum="8" colname="col8"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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646 <colspec colnum="9" colname="col9"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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647 <colspec colnum="10" colname="col10"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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648 <colspec colnum="11" colname="col11"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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649 <colspec colnum="12" colname="col12"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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650 <colspec colnum="13" colname="col13"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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651 <colspec colnum="14" colname="col14"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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652 <colspec colnum="15" colname="col15"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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653 <colspec colnum="16" colname="col16"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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654 <spanspec spanname="spa1-2" namest="col1" nameend="col2"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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655 <spanspec spanname="spa3-4" namest="col3" nameend="col4"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
656 <spanspec spanname="spa5-6" namest="col5" nameend="col6"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
657 <spanspec spanname="spa7-8" namest="col7" nameend="col8"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
658 <spanspec spanname="spa9-10" namest="col9" nameend="col10"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
659 <spanspec spanname="spa11-12" namest="col11" nameend="col12"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
660 <spanspec spanname="spa13-14" namest="col13" nameend="col14"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
661 <spanspec spanname="spa15-16" namest="col15" nameend="col16"/> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
662 <tbody> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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663 <row> |
27869 | 664 <entry namest="col1" nameend="col8">Górne pole</entry> |
665 <entry namest="col9" nameend="col16">Dolne pole</entry> | |
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|
666 </row> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
667 <row> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
668 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
669 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
670 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
671 <entry>L</entry> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
672 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
673 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
674 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
675 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
676 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
677 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
678 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
679 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
680 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
681 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
682 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
683 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
684 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
685 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
686 <entry spanname="spa1-2">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
687 <entry spanname="spa3-4">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
688 <entry spanname="spa5-6">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
689 <entry spanname="spa7-8">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
690 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
691 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
692 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
693 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
694 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
695 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
696 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
697 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
698 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
699 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
700 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
701 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
702 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
703 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
704 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
705 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
706 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
707 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
708 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
709 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
710 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
711 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
712 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
713 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
714 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
715 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
716 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
717 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
718 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
719 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
720 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
721 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
722 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
723 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
724 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
725 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
726 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
727 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
728 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
729 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
730 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
731 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
732 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
733 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
734 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
735 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
736 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
737 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
738 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
739 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
740 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
741 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
742 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
743 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
744 <entry spanname="spa9-10">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
745 <entry spanname="spa11-12">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
746 <entry spanname="spa13-14">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
747 <entry spanname="spa15-16">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
748 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
749 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
750 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
751 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
752 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
753 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
754 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
755 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
756 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
757 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
758 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
759 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
760 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
761 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
762 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
763 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
764 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
765 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
766 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
767 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
768 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
769 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
770 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
771 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
772 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
773 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
774 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
775 <entry>L</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
776 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
777 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
778 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
779 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
780 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
781 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
782 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
783 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
784 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
785 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
786 <entry spanname="spa1-2">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
787 <entry spanname="spa3-4">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
788 <entry spanname="spa5-6">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
789 <entry spanname="spa7-8">C</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
790 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
791 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
792 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
793 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
794 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
795 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
796 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
797 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
798 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
799 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
800 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
801 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
802 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
803 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
804 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
805 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
806 <entry></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
807 <entry></entry> |
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808 <entry>L</entry> |
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809 <entry>L</entry> |
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810 <entry>L</entry> |
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811 <entry>L</entry> |
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812 <entry>L</entry> |
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813 <entry>L</entry> |
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814 <entry>L</entry> |
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815 <entry>L</entry> |
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816 </row> |
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817 <row> |
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818 <entry>L</entry> |
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819 <entry>L</entry> |
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820 <entry>L</entry> |
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821 <entry>L</entry> |
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822 <entry>L</entry> |
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823 <entry>L</entry> |
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824 <entry>L</entry> |
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825 <entry>L</entry> |
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826 <entry></entry> |
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827 <entry></entry> |
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828 <entry></entry> |
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829 <entry></entry> |
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830 <entry></entry> |
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831 <entry></entry> |
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832 <entry></entry> |
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833 <entry></entry> |
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834 </row> |
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835 <row> |
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836 <entry></entry> |
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837 <entry></entry> |
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838 <entry></entry> |
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839 <entry></entry> |
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840 <entry></entry> |
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841 <entry></entry> |
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842 <entry></entry> |
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843 <entry></entry> |
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844 <entry spanname="spa9-10">C</entry> |
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845 <entry spanname="spa11-12">C</entry> |
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846 <entry spanname="spa13-14">C</entry> |
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847 <entry spanname="spa15-16">C</entry> |
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848 </row> |
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849 <row> |
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850 <entry></entry> |
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851 <entry></entry> |
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852 <entry></entry> |
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853 <entry></entry> |
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854 <entry></entry> |
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855 <entry></entry> |
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856 <entry></entry> |
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857 <entry></entry> |
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858 <entry>L</entry> |
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859 <entry>L</entry> |
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860 <entry>L</entry> |
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861 <entry>L</entry> |
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862 <entry>L</entry> |
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863 <entry>L</entry> |
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864 <entry>L</entry> |
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865 <entry>L</entry> |
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866 </row> |
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867 </tbody> |
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868 </tgroup> |
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869 </informaltable> |
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870 |
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871 <para> |
27869 | 872 Jak widać, wzór powtarza się dopiero po 4 liniach. |
873 Dlatego przy filmie z przeplotem, pionowa współrzędna i wysokość kadrowania | |
874 muszą być wielokrotnościami 4. | |
875 </para> | |
876 | |
877 <para> | |
878 Podstawową rozdzielczością DVD jest 720x480 dla NTSC i 720x576 dla PAL, ale | |
879 jest też flaga proporcji, która określa czy obraz jest ekranowy (4:3) czy | |
880 panoramiczny (16:9). | |
881 Wiele (jeśli nie większość) panoramicznych DVD nie jest dokładnie 16:9 tylko | |
882 raczej 1,85:1 lub 2,35:1 (cinescope). | |
883 Oznacza to że będzie czarne obramowanie na filmie, które trzeba usunąć. | |
884 </para> | |
885 | |
886 <para> | |
887 <application>MPlayer</application> dostarcza filtr wykrywania kadrowania | |
888 (<option>-vf cropdetect</option>), który określi prostokąt kadrowania. | |
889 Uruchom <application>MPlayera</application> z opcją <option>-vf | |
890 cropdetect</option> a wydrukuje on ustawienia kadrowania potrzebne do usunięcia | |
891 obramowania. | |
892 Powinieneś puścić film wystarczająco długo żeby został użyty cały obszar | |
893 obrazu, inaczej wartości będą niedokładne. | |
894 </para> | |
895 | |
896 <para> | |
897 Potem przetestuj otrzymane wartości z użyciem | |
898 <application>MPlayera</application>, przekazując opcje podane przez | |
899 <option>cropdetect</option> i dostosowując prostokąt według potrzeb. | |
900 Filtr <option>rectangle</option> może w tym pomóc, pozwalając na interaktywne | |
901 ustawienie prostokąta kadrowania na filmie. | |
902 Pamiętaj, by trzymać się powyższych reguł podzielności, żeby nie przestawić | |
903 płaszczyzny koloru. | |
904 </para> | |
905 | |
906 <para> | |
907 W pewnych przypadkach skalowanie może być niepożądane. | |
908 Skalowanie w kierunku pionowym jest trudne przy filmie z przeplotem, a jeśli | |
909 chcesz zachować przeplot, zazwyczaj powinieneś się wstrzymać od skalowania. | |
910 Jeśl nie chcesz skalować, ale nadal chcesz używać wymiarów będących wielokrotnościami 16 to musisz przekadrować. | |
911 NIe należy niedokadrowywać, bo obramowania są bardzo szkodliwe przy kodowaniu! | |
912 </para> | |
913 | |
914 <para> | |
915 Ponieważ MPEG-4 używa makrobloków 16x16, powinieneś się upewnić, | |
916 że każdy wymiar kodowanego filmu jest wielokrotnością 16, inaczej | |
917 degradujemy jakość, zwłaszcza przy niższych bitrate. | |
918 Można tego dokonać zaokrąglając wysokość i szerokość prostokąta kadrowania do | |
919 najbliższej wielokrotności 16. | |
920 Jak powiedziano wcześniej, trzeba zwiększyć przesunięcie | |
921 pionowe o połowę różnicy między starą a nową wysokością, | |
922 żeby wynikowy film był brany ze środka klatki. | |
923 A ze względu na sposób w jaki próbkowane jest DVD, upewnij się że przesunięcie | |
924 jest parzyste (w zasadzie, stosuj się do reguły, żeby nigdy nie używać | |
925 nieparzystych wartości przy przycinaniu i skalowaniu obrazu). | |
926 Jeśli nie czujesz się dobrze odrzucając dodatkowe piksele, | |
927 może wolisz przeskalować video. | |
928 Przyjżymy się temu w przykładzie poniżej. | |
929 Możesz też pozwolić filtrowi <option>cropdetect</option> zrobić to wszystko za | |
930 Ciebie, jako że ma on opcjonalny parametr <option>round</option> | |
931 (zaokrąglenie), domyślnie równy 16. | |
932 </para> | |
933 | |
934 <para> | |
935 Uważaj też na "poł-czarne" piksele na przegach. Też je wykadruj, albo będziesz | |
936 na nie marnował bity któ?e przydadzą się gdzie indziej. | |
937 </para> | |
938 | |
939 <para> | |
940 Po tym wszystkim prawdopodobnie dostaniesz film który nie ma dokładnie | |
941 proporcji 1,85:1 ani 2,35:1 tylko coś podobnego. | |
942 Mógłbyś samemu policzyć nowe proporcje, ale <application>MEncoder</application> | |
943 ma pocję do <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> nazywaną | |
944 <option>autoaspect</option> która zrobi to za Ciebie. | |
945 Nie powinieneś przeskalowywać video żeby wyrównać piksele, chyba że chcesz | |
946 marnować miejsce na dysku. | |
947 Skalowanie powinno być robione przy odtwarzaniu, a odtwarzacz używa informacji | |
948 o proporcjach zapisanych w AVI żeby określić prawidłową rozdzielczość. | |
949 Niestety, nie wszystkie odtwarzacze uznają te informacje, | |
950 dlatego mimo wszystko możesz chcieć przeskalować. | |
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951 </para> |
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952 </sect2> |
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953 |
27869 | 954 <!-- ********** --> |
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955 |
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956 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-resolution-bitrate"> |
27869 | 957 <title>Dobieranie rozdzielczości i bitrate</title> |
958 | |
959 <para> | |
960 Jeśli nie kodujesz w trybie stałego kwantyzatora, musisz wybrać bitrate. | |
961 Jest to dość prosta rzecz – to (średnia) ilość bitów jaka będzie | |
962 używana do zakodowania jednej sekundy filmu. | |
963 Zazwyczaj bitrate mierzy się w kilobitach (1000 bitów) na sekundę. | |
964 Wielkość filmu na dysku to bitrate razy długość filmu, | |
965 plus drobne "dodatki" (patrz na przykład sekcja o | |
966 <link linkend="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing-avi-limitations">kontenerze AVI</link> | |
967 ). | |
968 Pozostałe parametry, takie jak skalowanie, kadrowanie itp. | |
969 <emphasis role="bold">nie</emphasis> zmienią wielkości pliku jeśli nie | |
970 zmienisz też bitrate! | |
971 </para> | |
972 | |
973 <para> | |
974 Bitrate <emphasis role="bold">nie</emphasis> skaluje się proporcjonalnie do | |
975 rozdzielczości. | |
976 To znaczy, film 320x240 w 200 kbit/s nie będzie tej samej jakości co ten sam | |
977 film w 640x480 i 800 kbit/s! | |
978 Są ku temu dwie przyczyny: | |
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979 <orderedlist> |
27869 | 980 <listitem><para> |
981 <emphasis role="bold">Wizualna</emphasis>: Łatwiej zauważyć artefakty MPEG | |
982 jeśli są bardziej powiększone! | |
983 Artefakty powstają na poziomie bloków (8x8). | |
984 Ludzkie oko trudniej dostrzega błędy w 4800 małych blokach niż w 1200 dużych | |
985 (zakładając że skalujesz na pełny ekran). | |
986 </para></listitem> | |
987 <listitem><para> | |
988 <emphasis role="bold">Teoretyczna</emphasis>: Kiedy zmniejszasz obraz ale | |
989 nadal używasz tych samych bloków 8x8 do transformacji przestrzeni | |
990 częstotliwości. masz więcej danych w pasmach wyższych częstotliwości. | |
991 W pewien sposób każdy piksel ma więcej szczegółów niż poprzednio. | |
992 Dlatego, mimo że przeskalowany obraz zawiera 1/4 informacji jeśli chodzi | |
993 o wielkość, to nadal może zawierać większość informacji w przestrzeni | |
994 częstotliwości (zakładając że wysokie częstotliwości były mało używane | |
995 w oryginalnym filmie 640x480). | |
996 </para></listitem> | |
997 </orderedlist> | |
998 </para> | |
999 | |
1000 <para> | |
1001 Poprzednie podręczniki zalecały dobranie bitrate i rozdzielczości w sposób | |
1002 bazujący na podejściu "bity na piksel", ale z powyższych powodów zazwyczaj nie | |
1003 jest to prawidłowe. | |
1004 Lepszym przybliżeniem zdaje się skalowanie bitrate proporcjonalnie do | |
1005 pierwiastka kwadratowego z rozdzielczości, czyli film 320x240 i 400 kbit/s | |
1006 powinien być podobny do 640x480 i 800 kbit/s. | |
1007 Nie zostało to jednak zweryfikowane ani teoretycznie ani empirycznie. | |
1008 Dodatkowo, ponieważ filmy są bardzo zróżnicowane jeśli chodzi o szum, | |
1009 szczegóły, ilość ruchu itp. bezsensowne jest podawanie ogólnych zaleceń na bity | |
1010 na przekątą (analogia bitów na piksel używająca pierwiastka). | |
1011 </para> | |
1012 <para> | |
1013 Omówiliśmy więc problemy z wyborem bitrate i rozdzielczości. | |
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1014 </para> |
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1015 |
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1016 |
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1017 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-resolution-bitrate-compute"> |
27869 | 1018 <title>Obliczanie rozdzielczości</title> |
1019 | |
1020 <para> | |
1021 Następne kroki przeprowadzą Cię przez obliczenie rozdzielczości dla Twojego | |
1022 filmu bez zniekształcania go za bardzo, biorąc pod uwagę kilka typów informacji | |
1023 o źródłowym filmie. | |
1024 Najpierw powinieneś policzyć zakodowane proporcje: | |
1025 <systemitem>ARc = (Wc x (ARa / PRdvd )) / Hc</systemitem> | |
1026 | |
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1027 <itemizedlist> |
27869 | 1028 <title>gdzie:</title> |
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1029 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 1030 Hc i Wc to wysokość i szerokość skadrowanego filmu. |
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1031 </para></listitem> |
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1032 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 1033 ARa do wyświetlane proporcje, zazwyczaj 4/3 lub 16/9. |
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1034 </para></listitem> |
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1035 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 1036 PRdvd to proporcje na DVD równe 1,25=(720*576) dla DVD PAL i 1,5=(720/480) dla |
1037 VD NTSC. | |
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1038 </para></listitem> |
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1039 </itemizedlist> |
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1040 </para> |
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1041 |
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1042 <para> |
27869 | 1043 Potem możesz policzyć rozdzielczość X i Y, zgodnie z dobranym wskażnikiem |
1044 Jakości Kompresji (Compression Quality, CQ): | |
1045 <systemitem>RozY = INT(Pierw( 1000*Bitrate/25/ARc/CQ )/16) * 16</systemitem> | |
1046 i | |
1047 <systemitem>RozX = INT( ResY * ARc / 16) * 16</systemitem>, | |
1048 gdzie INT oznacza zaokrąglenie do liczby całkowitej. | |
1049 </para> | |
1050 | |
1051 <para> | |
1052 Dobrze, ale co to jest CQ? | |
1053 CQ reprezentuje ilość bitów na piksel i klatkę kodowania. | |
1054 Z grubsza biorąc, im większe CQ tym mniejsza szansa na zobaczenie artefaktów | |
1055 kodowania. | |
1056 Jednakże, jeśli masz docelową wielkość filmu (na przykład 1 lub 2 płyty CD), | |
1057 masz ograniczoną ilość bitów do zużycia; dlatego musisz znaleźć równowagę | |
1058 między poziomem kompresji i jakością. | |
1059 </para> | |
1060 | |
1061 <para> | |
1062 CQ zależy od bitrate, efektywności kodeka video i rozdzielczości filmu. | |
1063 Żeby podnieść CQ zazwyczej zmniejszysz film, ponieważ bitrate jest funkcją docelowej wielkości i długości filmu, które są stałe. | |
1064 Przy użyciu kodeków MPEG-4 ASP, takich jak | |
1065 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem> i | |
1066 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>, CQ niższe niż 0,18 | |
1067 zazwyczaj daje kiepski obraz, ponieważ nie ma dość bitów by zakodować | |
1068 informacje z każdego makrobloku. | |
1069 (MPEG4, jak wiele innych kodeków, grupuje piksele w bloki żeby | |
1070 skompresować obraz. Jeśli nie ma dość bitów widać krawędzie tych bloków.) | |
1071 Dlatego też mądrze jest wybrać CQ w zakresie 0,20 do 0,22 na film jednopłytkowy | |
1072 i 0,26-0,28 na dwupłytkowy przy standardowych opcjach kodowania. | |
1073 Bardziej zaawansowane opcje kodowania, takie jak te podane tutaj dla | |
1074 <link linkend="menc-feat-mpeg4-lavc-example-settings"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link> | |
1075 i | |
1076 <link linkend="menc-feat-xvid-example-settings"><systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem></link> | |
1077 powinny umożliwić otrzymanie takiej samej jakości z CQ w zakresie 0,18 do 0,20 | |
1078 na 1 CD i 0,24 do 0,26 na 2 CD. | |
1079 Z kodekami MPEG-4 AVC, takimi jak | |
1080 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>, możesz używać CQ w zakresie | |
1081 0,14 do 0,16 przy standardowych opcjach | |
1082 a powinno się też udać zejść do 0,10 do 0,12 z | |
1083 <link linkend="menc-feat-x264-example-settings">zaawansowanymi opcjami kodowania <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem></link>. | |
1084 </para> | |
1085 | |
1086 <para> | |
1087 Pamiętajmy, że CQ jest tylko przydatnym odnośnikiem, zależnym od kodowanego | |
1088 filmu. CQ równe ,018 może wyglądać dobrze przy Bergmanie, w przeciwieństwie do | |
1089 filmu takiego jak Martix, który zaawiera wiele bardzo ruchliwych scen. | |
1090 Z drugiej strony, bezsensowne jest podnoszenie CQ powyżej 0,30 jako że marnuje się bity bez zauważalnej poprawy jakości. | |
1091 Pamiętajmy też że, jak było wspomniane wcześniej, filmy w niższej | |
1092 rozdzielczości potrzebują większego CQ (w porównaniu do na przykład | |
1093 rozdzielczości DVD) żeby dobrze wyglądać. | |
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1094 </para> |
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1095 </sect3> |
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1096 </sect2> |
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1097 |
27869 | 1098 <!-- ********** --> |
1099 | |
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1100 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-filtering"> |
28000 | 1101 <title>Filtrowanie</title> |
1102 | |
1103 <para> | |
1104 Bardzo ważne do robienia dobrych kodowań jest nauczenie się posługiwania | |
1105 systemem filtrów <application>MEncodera</application>. | |
1106 Całe przetwarzanie video jest wykonywane przez filtry – kadrowanie, skalowanie, | |
1107 dopasowywanie kolorów, usuwanie szumu, telecine, odwrócone telecine, usuwanie | |
1108 bloków żeby wymienić choć część. | |
1109 Poza dużą ilością obsługiwanych formatów wejściowych to właśnie zakres | |
1110 dostępnych filtrów jest jedną z głównych przewag | |
1111 <application>MEncodera</application> nad podobnymi programami. | |
1112 </para> | |
1113 | |
1114 <para> | |
1115 Filtry są ładowane do łańcucha przy pomocy opcji -vf: | |
1116 | |
1117 <screen>-vf filtr1=opcje,filtr2=opcje,...</screen> | |
1118 | |
1119 Większość filtrów przyjmuje kilka parametrów numerycznych oddzielanych | |
1120 dwukropkami, ale dokładna składnia zależy od filtru więc szczegóły odnośnie | |
1121 filtrów, które chcesz zastosować, znajdziesz na stronie man. | |
1122 </para> | |
1123 | |
1124 <para> | |
1125 Filtry działają na filmie w kolejnoścy w jakiej zostały załadowane. | |
1126 Na przykład następujący łańcuch: | |
27869 | 1127 |
1128 <screen>-vf crop=688:464:12:4,scale=640:464</screen> | |
1129 | |
28000 | 1130 najpierw skadruje fragment 688x464 filmu z lewym górnym rogiem na pozycji |
1131 (12,4) a potem zmniejszy rozdzielczość wyniku do 640x464. | |
1132 </para> | |
1133 | |
1134 <para> | |
1135 Niektóre filtry trzeba ładować na początku lub blisko początku łańcucha, | |
1136 ponieważ korzystają one z informacji którą następne filtry mogą zgubić lub | |
1137 unieważnić. | |
1138 Sztandarowym przykłądem jest <option>pp</option> (postprocessing, tylko gdy | |
1139 wykonuje operacje usuwania bloków lub pierścieni), | |
1140 <option>spp</option> (inny postprocessor do usuwania artefaktów MPEG), | |
1141 <option>pullup</option> (odwrócone telecine) i | |
1142 <option>softpulldown</option> (konwertuje miękkie telecine na twarde). | |
1143 </para> | |
1144 | |
1145 <para> | |
1146 W ogólności chcesz przeprowadzać jak najmniej filtrowania żeby film pozostał | |
1147 możliwie bliski oryginałowi. | |
1148 Kadrowanie często jest niezbęne (jak opisano powyżej) ale staraj się uniknąć | |
1149 skalowania. | |
1150 Chociaż czasami zmniejszenie rozdzielczości jest lepszym wyjściem niż użycie | |
1151 wyższego kwantyzatora, chcemy uniknąć obu: pamiętajmy, że od początku | |
1152 zdecydowaliśmy się wybrać jakość kosztem wielkości. | |
1153 </para> | |
1154 | |
1155 <para> | |
1156 Nie należy też dostosowywać gammy, kontrastu, jasności itp. | |
1157 Co wygląda dobrze na Twoim ekranie może nie być tak dobre na innych. | |
1158 Takie dostrojenia powinny być wykonywane tylko przy odtwarzaniu. | |
1159 </para> | |
1160 | |
1161 <para> | |
1162 Jedną rzeczą którą możesz chcieć zrobić, jest przepuszczenie filmu przez bardzo | |
1163 lekkie usuwanie szumów, takie jak <option>-vf hqdn3d=2:1:2</option>. | |
1164 Znów, to kwestia lepszego zastosowania bitów: po co marnować je na zakodowanie | |
1165 szumu skoro można dodać ten szum przy odtwarzaniu? | |
1166 Zwiększenie parametrów dla <option>hqdn3d</option> jeszcze bardziej poprawi | |
1167 kompresowalność, ale jeśli przesadzisz to zauważalnie zniekształcisz obraz. | |
1168 Wartości sugerowane powyżej (<option>2:1:2</option>) są dość konserwatywne; nie | |
1169 bój się eksperymentować z wyższymi wartościami i samemu oceniać wyniki. | |
27869 | 1170 </para> |
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1171 </sect2> |
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1172 |
27869 | 1173 <!-- ********** --> |
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1174 |
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1175 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-interlacing"> |
28000 | 1176 <title>Przeplot i telecine</title> |
1177 | |
1178 <para> | |
1179 Prawie wszystkie filmy są kręcone przy 24 fps. | |
1180 Ponieważ NTSC ma 30000/1001 fps potrzebna jest pewna przeróbka żeby film 24 fps | |
1181 mógł być wyświetlany z prawidłową szybkością NTSC. | |
1182 Ten proces nazywa się 3:2 pulldown, często zwany też telecine (ponieważ jest | |
1183 używany przy konwersji z kina do telewizji) i, w uproszczeniu, jest to | |
1184 spowolnienie filmu do 24000/1001 fps i powtórzenie co czwartej klatki. | |
1185 </para> | |
1186 | |
1187 <para> | |
1188 Filmy DVD PAL, odtwarzanie przy 25 fps, nie wymagają żadnego specjalnego | |
1189 traktowania. | |
1190 (Technicznie rzecz ujmując, PAL może być poddany telecine, nazywanemu 2:2 | |
1191 pulldown, ale w praktyce nie jest to problemem.) | |
1192 Po prostu film 24 fps jest odtwarzany przy 25 fps. | |
1193 W wyniku tego film jest odtwarzany odrobinkę szybciej, ale jeśli nie masz | |
1194 nieziemskich zmysłów to tego nie zauważysz. | |
1195 Większość DVD PAL ma skorygowaną wysokość dźwięku, więc kiedy są odtwarzane | |
1196 przy 25 fps dźwięk będzie brzmiał poprawnie, mimo tego że ścieżka dźwiekowa | |
1197 (jak i cały film) jest o 4% krótsza niż DVD NTSC. | |
1198 </para> | |
1199 | |
1200 <para> | |
1201 Ponieważ film na DVD PAL nie został zmieniony, nie ma powodu za bardzo | |
1202 przejmować się framerate. | |
1203 Oryginał ma 25 fps i Twój rip też będzie miał 25 fps. | |
1204 Jednak jeśli ripujesz film z DVD NTSC możesz być zmuszony do zastosowania | |
1205 odwrotnego telecine. | |
1206 </para> | |
1207 | |
1208 <para> | |
1209 Dla filmów nagrywanych przy 24 fps obraz na DVD NTSC jest albo poddany telecine | |
1210 na 30000/1001 albo jest progresywny przy 24000/1001 i przeznaczony do poddania | |
1211 telecine w locie przez odtwarzacz DVD. | |
1212 Z drugiej strony seriale telewizyjne zazwyczaj mają tylko przeplot, nie są poddane telecine. | |
1213 Nie jest to reguła: Niektóre seriale (na przykład Buffy Łowca Wampirów) mają | |
1214 przeplot, a inne są mieszanką progresywnego i przeplotu (Angel, 24). | |
1215 </para> | |
1216 | |
1217 <para> | |
1218 Jest wysoce zalecane żebyś przeczytał sekcję | |
1219 <!-- TODO przetłumaczyć tytuł --> | |
27869 | 1220 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine">How to deal with telecine and interlacing in NTSC DVDs</link> |
28000 | 1221 żeby dowiedzieć się jak sobie radzić z różnymi możliwościami. |
1222 </para> | |
1223 | |
1224 <para> | |
1225 Jednak jeśli zazwyczaj tylko ripujesz filmy, prawdopodobnie masz doczynienia | |
1226 z filmem 24 fps progresywnym lub poddanym telecine, a w takim przypadku możesz | |
1227 użyć filtra <option>pullup</option> podając parametr | |
1228 <option>-vf pullup,softskip</option>. | |
27869 | 1229 </para> |
19025
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1230 </sect2> |
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1231 |
27869 | 1232 <!-- ********** --> |
28000 | 1233 <!-- synced 'till here --> |
27869 | 1234 |
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1235 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-encoding-interlaced"> |
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1236 <title>Encoding interlaced video</title> |
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1237 |
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1238 <para> |
27869 | 1239 If the movie you want to encode is interlaced (NTSC video or |
1240 PAL video), you will need to choose whether you want to | |
1241 deinterlace or not. | |
1242 While deinterlacing will make your movie usable on progressive | |
1243 scan displays such a computer monitors and projectors, it comes | |
1244 at a cost: The fieldrate of 50 or 60000/1001 fields per second | |
1245 is halved to 25 or 30000/1001 frames per second, and roughly half of | |
1246 the information in your movie will be lost during scenes with | |
1247 significant motion. | |
1248 </para> | |
1249 | |
1250 <para> | |
1251 Therefore, if you are encoding for high quality archival purposes, | |
1252 it is recommended not to deinterlace. | |
1253 You can always deinterlace the movie at playback time when | |
1254 displaying it on progressive scan devices. | |
1255 The power of currently available computers forces players to use a | |
1256 deinterlacing filter, which results in a slight degradation in | |
1257 image quality. | |
1258 But future players will be able to mimic the interlaced display of | |
1259 a TV, deinterlacing to full fieldrate and interpolating 50 or | |
1260 60000/1001 entire frames per second from the interlaced video. | |
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1261 </para> |
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1262 |
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1263 <para> |
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1264 Special care must be taken when working with interlaced video: |
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1265 </para> |
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1266 |
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1267 <orderedlist> |
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1268 <listitem><para> |
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1269 Crop height and y-offset must be multiples of 4. |
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1270 </para></listitem> |
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1271 <listitem><para> |
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1272 Any vertical scaling must be performed in interlaced mode. |
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1273 </para></listitem> |
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1274 <listitem><para> |
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1275 Postprocessing and denoising filters may not work as expected |
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1276 unless you take special care to operate them a field at a time, |
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1277 and they may damage the video if used incorrectly. |
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1278 </para></listitem> |
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1279 </orderedlist> |
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1280 |
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1281 <para> |
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1282 With these things in mind, here is our first example: |
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1283 <screen> |
27869 | 1284 mencoder <replaceable>capture.avi</replaceable> -mc 0 -oac lavc -ovc lavc -lavcopts \ |
1285 vcodec=mpeg2video:vbitrate=6000:ilme:ildct:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224 | |
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1286 </screen> |
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1287 Note the <option>ilme</option> and <option>ildct</option> options. |
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1288 </para> |
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1289 </sect2> |
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1290 |
27869 | 1291 <!-- ********** --> |
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1292 |
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1293 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-av-sync"> |
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1294 <title>Notes on Audio/Video synchronization</title> |
27869 | 1295 |
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1296 <para> |
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1297 <application>MEncoder</application>'s audio/video synchronization |
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1298 algorithms were designed with the intention of recovering files with |
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1299 broken sync. |
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1300 However, in some cases they can cause unnecessary skipping and duplication of |
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1301 frames, and possibly slight A/V desync, when used with proper input |
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1302 (of course, A/V sync issues apply only if you process or copy the |
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1303 audio track while transcoding the video, which is strongly encouraged). |
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1304 Therefore, you may have to switch to basic A/V sync with |
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1305 the <option>-mc 0</option> option, or put this in your |
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1306 <systemitem>~/.mplayer/mencoder</systemitem> config file, as long as |
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1307 you are only working with good sources (DVD, TV capture, high quality |
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1308 MPEG-4 rips, etc) and not broken ASF/RM/MOV files. |
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1309 </para> |
27869 | 1310 |
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1311 <para> |
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1312 If you want to further guard against strange frame skips and |
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1313 duplication, you can use both <option>-mc 0</option> and |
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1314 <option>-noskip</option>. |
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1315 This will prevent <emphasis>all</emphasis> A/V sync, and copy frames |
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1316 one-to-one, so you cannot use it if you will be using any filters that |
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1317 unpredictably add or drop frames, or if your input file has variable |
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1318 framerate! |
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1319 Therefore, using <option>-noskip</option> is not in general recommended. |
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1320 </para> |
27869 | 1321 |
1322 <para> | |
1323 The so-called "three-pass" audio encoding which | |
1324 <application>MEncoder</application> supports has been reported to cause A/V | |
1325 desync. | |
19025
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1326 This will definitely happen if it is used in conjunction with certain |
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1327 filters, therefore, it is now recommended <emphasis>not</emphasis> to |
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1328 use three-pass audio mode. |
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1329 This feature is only left for compatibility purposes and for expert |
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1330 users who understand when it is safe to use and when it is not. |
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1331 If you have never heard of three-pass mode before, forget that we |
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1332 even mentioned it! |
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1333 </para> |
27869 | 1334 |
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1335 <para> |
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1336 There have also been reports of A/V desync when encoding from stdin |
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1337 with <application>MEncoder</application>. |
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1338 Do not do this! Always use a file or CD/DVD/etc device as input. |
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1339 </para> |
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1340 </sect2> |
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1341 |
27869 | 1342 <!-- ********** --> |
1343 | |
1344 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-codec"> | |
1345 <title>Choosing the video codec</title> | |
1346 | |
1347 <para> | |
1348 Which video codec is best to choose depends on several factors, | |
1349 like size, quality, streamability, usability and popularity, some of | |
1350 which widely depend on personal taste and technical constraints. | |
1351 </para> | |
1352 <itemizedlist> | |
1353 <listitem> | |
1354 <para> | |
1355 <emphasis role="bold">Compression efficiency</emphasis>: | |
1356 It is quite easy to understand that most newer-generation codecs are | |
1357 made to increase quality and compression. | |
1358 Therefore, the authors of this guide and many other people suggest that | |
1359 you cannot go wrong | |
1360 <footnote id='fn-menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-codec-cpu'><para> | |
1361 Be careful, however: Decoding DVD-resolution MPEG-4 AVC videos | |
1362 requires a fast machine (i.e. a Pentium 4 over 1.5GHz or a Pentium M | |
1363 over 1GHz). | |
1364 </para></footnote> | |
1365 when choosing MPEG-4 AVC codecs like | |
1366 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> instead of MPEG-4 ASP codecs | |
1367 such as <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> MPEG-4 or | |
1368 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem>. | |
1369 (Advanced codec developers may be interested in reading Michael | |
1370 Niedermayer's opinion on | |
1371 "<ulink url="http://guru.multimedia.cx/?p=10">why MPEG4-ASP sucks</ulink>".) | |
1372 Likewise, you should get better quality using MPEG-4 ASP than you | |
1373 would with MPEG-2 codecs. | |
1374 </para> | |
1375 | |
1376 <para> | |
1377 However, newer codecs which are in heavy development can suffer from | |
1378 bugs which have not yet been noticed and which can ruin an encode. | |
1379 This is simply the tradeoff for using bleeding-edge technology. | |
1380 </para> | |
1381 | |
1382 <para> | |
1383 What is more, beginning to use a new codec requires that you spend some | |
1384 time becoming familiar with its options, so that you know what | |
1385 to adjust to achieve a desired picture quality. | |
1386 </para> | |
1387 </listitem> | |
1388 | |
1389 <listitem><para> | |
1390 <emphasis role="bold">Hardware compatibility</emphasis>: | |
1391 It usually takes a long time for standalone video players to begin to | |
1392 include support for the latest video codecs. | |
1393 As a result, most only support MPEG-1 (like VCD, XVCD and KVCD), MPEG-2 | |
1394 (like DVD, SVCD and KVCD) and MPEG-4 ASP (like DivX, | |
1395 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s LMP4 and | |
1396 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem>) | |
1397 (Beware: Usually, not all MPEG-4 ASP features are supported). | |
1398 Please refer to the technical specs of your player (if they are available), | |
1399 or google around for more information. | |
1400 </para></listitem> | |
1401 | |
1402 <listitem> | |
1403 <para> | |
1404 <emphasis role="bold">Best quality per encoding time</emphasis>: | |
1405 Codecs that have been around for some time (such as | |
1406 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> MPEG-4 and | |
1407 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem>) are usually heavily | |
1408 optimized with all kinds of smart algorithms and SIMD assembly code. | |
1409 That is why they tend to yield the best quality per encoding time ratio. | |
1410 However, they may have some very advanced options that, if enabled, | |
1411 will make the encode really slow for marginal gains. | |
1412 </para> | |
1413 | |
1414 <para> | |
1415 If you are after blazing speed you should stick around the default | |
1416 settings of the video codec (although you should still try the other | |
1417 options which are mentioned in other sections of this guide). | |
1418 </para> | |
1419 | |
1420 <para> | |
1421 You may also consider choosing a codec which can do multi-threaded | |
1422 processing, though this is only useful for users of machines with | |
1423 several CPUs. | |
1424 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> MPEG-4 does | |
1425 allow that, but speed gains are limited, and there is a slight | |
1426 negative effect on picture quality. | |
1427 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem>'s multi-threaded encoding, | |
1428 activated by the <option>threads</option> option, can be used to | |
1429 boost encoding speed — by about 40-60% in typical cases — | |
1430 with little if any picture degradation. | |
1431 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> also allows multi-threaded | |
1432 encoding, which currently speeds up encoding by 94% per CPU core while | |
1433 lowering PSNR between 0.005dB and 0.01dB on a typical setup. | |
1434 </para> | |
1435 </listitem> | |
1436 | |
1437 <listitem> | |
1438 <para> | |
1439 <emphasis role="bold">Personal taste</emphasis>: | |
1440 This is where it gets almost irrational: For the same reason that some | |
1441 hung on to DivX 3 for years when newer codecs were already doing wonders, | |
1442 some folks will prefer <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem> | |
1443 or <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> MPEG-4 over | |
1444 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>. | |
1445 </para> | |
1446 <para> | |
1447 You should make your own judgement; do not take advice from people who | |
1448 swear by one codec. | |
1449 Take a few sample clips from raw sources and compare different | |
1450 encoding options and codecs to find one that suits you best. | |
1451 The best codec is the one you master, and the one that looks | |
1452 best to your eyes on your display | |
1453 <footnote id='fn-menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-codec-playback'><para> | |
1454 The same encode may not look the same on someone else's monitor or | |
1455 when played back by a different decoder, so future-proof your encodes by | |
1456 playing them back on different setups. | |
1457 </para></footnote>! | |
1458 </para> | |
1459 </listitem> | |
1460 </itemizedlist> | |
1461 | |
1462 <para> | |
1463 Please refer to the section | |
1464 <link linkend="menc-feat-selecting-codec">selecting codecs and container formats</link> | |
1465 to get a list of supported codecs. | |
1466 </para> | |
1467 </sect2> | |
1468 | |
1469 <!-- ********** --> | |
1470 | |
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1471 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-audio"> |
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1472 <title>Audio</title> |
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1473 |
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1474 <para> |
27869 | 1475 Audio is a much simpler problem to solve: if you care about quality, just |
1476 leave it as is. | |
1477 Even AC-3 5.1 streams are at most 448Kbit/s, and they are worth every bit. | |
1478 You might be tempted to transcode the audio to high quality Vorbis, but | |
1479 just because you do not have an A/V receiver for AC-3 pass-through today | |
1480 does not mean you will not have one tomorrow. Future-proof your DVD rips by | |
1481 preserving the AC-3 stream. | |
1482 You can keep the AC-3 stream either by copying it directly into the video | |
1483 stream <link linkend="menc-feat-mpeg4">during the encoding</link>. | |
1484 You can also extract the AC-3 stream in order to mux it into containers such | |
1485 as NUT or Matroska. | |
1486 <screen> | |
1487 mplayer <replaceable>source_file.vob</replaceable> -aid 129 -dumpaudio -dumpfile <replaceable>sound.ac3</replaceable> | |
1488 </screen> | |
1489 will dump into the file <replaceable>sound.ac3</replaceable> the | |
1490 audio track number 129 from the file | |
1491 <replaceable>source_file.vob</replaceable> (NB: DVD VOB files | |
1492 usually use a different audio numbering, | |
1493 which means that the VOB audio track 129 is the 2nd audio track of the file). | |
1494 </para> | |
1495 | |
1496 <para> | |
1497 But sometimes you truly have no choice but to further compress the | |
1498 sound so that more bits can be spent on the video. | |
1499 Most people choose to compress audio with either MP3 or Vorbis audio codecs. | |
1500 While the latter is a very space-efficient codec, MP3 is better supported | |
1501 by hardware players, although this trend is changing. | |
1502 </para> | |
1503 | |
1504 <para> | |
1505 Do <emphasis>not</emphasis> use <option>-nosound</option> when encoding | |
1506 a file with audio, even if you will be encoding and muxing audio | |
1507 separately later. | |
1508 Though it may work in ideal cases, using <option>-nosound</option> is | |
1509 likely to hide some problems in your encoding command line setting. | |
1510 In other words, having a soundtrack during your encode assures you that, | |
1511 provided you do not see messages such as | |
1512 <quote>Too many audio packets in the buffer</quote>, you will be able | |
1513 to get proper sync. | |
1514 </para> | |
1515 | |
1516 <para> | |
1517 You need to have <application>MEncoder</application> process the sound. | |
1518 You can for example copy the original soundtrack during the encode with | |
1519 <option>-oac copy</option> or convert it to a "light" 4 kHz mono WAV | |
1520 PCM with <option>-oac pcm -channels 1 -srate 4000</option>. | |
1521 Otherwise, in some cases, it will generate a video file that will not sync | |
1522 with the audio. | |
1523 Such cases are when the number of video frames in the source file does | |
1524 not match up to the total length of audio frames or whenever there | |
1525 are discontinuities/splices where there are missing or extra audio frames. | |
1526 The correct way to handle this kind of problem is to insert silence or | |
1527 cut audio at these points. | |
1528 However <application>MPlayer</application> cannot do that, so if you | |
1529 demux the AC-3 audio and encode it with a separate app (or dump it to PCM with | |
1530 <application>MPlayer</application>), the splices will be left incorrect | |
1531 and the only way to correct them is to drop/duplicate video frames at the | |
1532 splice. | |
1533 As long as <application>MEncoder</application> sees the audio when it is | |
1534 encoding the video, it can do this dropping/duping (which is usually OK | |
1535 since it takes place at full black/scene change), but if | |
1536 <application>MEncoder</application> cannot see the audio, it will just | |
1537 process all frames as-is and they will not fit the final audio stream when | |
1538 you for example merge your audio and video track into a Matroska file. | |
1539 </para> | |
1540 | |
1541 <para> | |
1542 First of all, you will have to convert the DVD sound into a WAV file that the | |
1543 audio codec can use as input. | |
1544 For example: | |
1545 <screen> | |
1546 mplayer <replaceable>source_file.vob</replaceable> -ao pcm:file=<replaceable>destination_sound.wav</replaceable> \ | |
1547 -vc dummy -aid 1 -vo null | |
1548 </screen> | |
1549 will dump the second audio track from the file | |
1550 <replaceable>source_file.vob</replaceable> into the file | |
1551 <replaceable>destination_sound.wav</replaceable>. | |
1552 You may want to normalize the sound before encoding, as DVD audio tracks | |
1553 are commonly recorded at low volumes. | |
1554 You can use the tool <application>normalize</application> for instance, | |
1555 which is available in most distributions. | |
1556 If you are using Windows, a tool such as <application>BeSweet</application> | |
1557 can do the same job. | |
1558 You will compress in either Vorbis or MP3. | |
1559 For example: | |
1560 <screen>oggenc -q1 <replaceable>destination_sound.wav</replaceable></screen> | |
1561 will encode <replaceable>destination_sound.wav</replaceable> with | |
1562 the encoding quality 1, which is roughly equivalent to 80Kb/s, and | |
1563 is the minimum quality at which you should encode if you care about | |
1564 quality. | |
1565 Please note that <application>MEncoder</application> currently cannot | |
1566 mux Vorbis audio tracks | |
1567 into the output file because it only supports AVI and MPEG | |
1568 containers as an output, each of which may lead to audio/video | |
1569 playback synchronization problems with some players when the AVI file | |
1570 contain VBR audio streams such as Vorbis. | |
1571 Do not worry, this document will show you how you can do that with third | |
1572 party programs. | |
1573 </para> | |
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1574 </sect2> |
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1575 |
27869 | 1576 <!-- ********** --> |
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1577 |
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1578 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing"> |
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1579 <title>Muxing</title> |
27869 | 1580 |
1581 <para> | |
1582 Now that you have encoded your video, you will most likely want | |
1583 to mux it with one or more audio tracks into a movie container, such | |
1584 as AVI, MPEG, Matroska or NUT. | |
1585 <application>MEncoder</application> is currently only able to natively output | |
1586 audio and video into MPEG and AVI container formats. | |
1587 for example: | |
1588 <screen> | |
1589 mencoder -oac copy -ovc copy -o <replaceable>output_movie.avi</replaceable> \ | |
1590 -audiofile <replaceable>input_audio.mp2</replaceable> <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable> | |
1591 </screen> | |
1592 This would merge the video file <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable> | |
1593 and the audio file <replaceable>input_audio.mp2</replaceable> | |
1594 into the AVI file <replaceable>output_movie.avi</replaceable>. | |
1595 This command works with MPEG-1 layer I, II and III (more commonly known | |
1596 as MP3) audio, WAV and a few other audio formats too. | |
1597 </para> | |
1598 | |
1599 <para> | |
1600 <application>MEncoder</application> features experimental support for | |
1601 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>, which is a | |
1602 library from the FFmpeg project that supports muxing and demuxing | |
1603 a variety of containers. | |
1604 For example: | |
1605 <screen> | |
1606 mencoder -oac copy -ovc copy -o <replaceable>output_movie.asf</replaceable> -audiofile <replaceable>input_audio.mp2</replaceable> \ | |
1607 <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable> -of lavf -lavfopts format=asf | |
1608 </screen> | |
1609 This will do the same thing as the previous example, except that | |
1610 the output container will be ASF. | |
1611 Please note that this support is highly experimental (but getting | |
1612 better every day), and will only work if you compiled | |
1613 <application>MPlayer</application> with the support for | |
1614 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> enabled (which | |
1615 means that a pre-packaged binary version will not work in most cases). | |
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1616 </para> |
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1617 |
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1618 |
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1619 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing-filter-issues"> |
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1620 <title>Improving muxing and A/V sync reliability</title> |
27869 | 1621 |
1622 <para> | |
1623 You may experience some serious A/V sync problems while trying to mux | |
1624 your video and some audio tracks, where no matter how you adjust the | |
1625 audio delay, you will never get proper sync. | |
1626 That may happen when you use some video filters that will drop or | |
1627 duplicate some frames, like the inverse telecine filters. | |
1628 It is strongly encouraged to append the <option>harddup</option> video | |
1629 filter at the end of the filter chain to avoid this kind of problem. | |
1630 </para> | |
1631 | |
1632 <para> | |
1633 Without <option>harddup</option>, if <application>MEncoder</application> | |
1634 wants to duplicate a frame, it relies on the muxer to put a mark on the | |
1635 container so that the last frame will be displayed again to maintain | |
1636 sync while writing no actual frame. | |
1637 With <option>harddup</option>, <application>MEncoder</application> | |
1638 will instead just push the last frame displayed again into the filter | |
1639 chain. | |
1640 This means that the encoder receives the <emphasis>exact</emphasis> | |
1641 same frame twice, and compresses it. | |
1642 This will result in a slightly bigger file, but will not cause problems | |
1643 when demuxing or remuxing into other container formats. | |
1644 </para> | |
1645 | |
1646 <para> | |
1647 You may also have no choice but to use <option>harddup</option> with | |
1648 container formats that are not too tightly linked with | |
1649 <application>MEncoder</application> such as the ones supported through | |
1650 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>, which may not | |
1651 support frame duplication at the container level. | |
19025
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1652 </para> |
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1653 </sect3> |
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1654 |
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1655 |
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1656 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing-avi-limitations"> |
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1657 <title>Limitations of the AVI container</title> |
27869 | 1658 |
1659 <para> | |
1660 Although it is the most widely-supported container format after MPEG-1, | |
1661 AVI also has some major drawbacks. | |
1662 Perhaps the most obvious is the overhead. | |
1663 For each chunk of the AVI file, 24 bytes are wasted on headers and index. | |
1664 This translates into a little over 5 MB per hour, or 1-2.5% | |
1665 overhead for a 700 MB movie. This may not seem like much, but it could | |
1666 mean the difference between being able to use 700 kbit/sec video or | |
1667 714 kbit/sec, and every bit of quality counts. | |
1668 </para> | |
1669 | |
1670 <para> | |
1671 In addition this gross inefficiency, AVI also has the following major | |
1672 limitations: | |
19025
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1673 </para> |
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1674 |
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1675 <orderedlist> |
27869 | 1676 <listitem><para> |
19025
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1677 Only fixed-fps content can be stored. This is particularly limiting |
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1678 if the original material you want to encode is mixed content, for |
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1679 example a mix of NTSC video and film material. |
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1680 Actually there are hacks that can be used to store mixed-framerate |
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1681 content in AVI, but they increase the (already huge) overhead |
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1682 fivefold or more and so are not practical. |
27869 | 1683 </para></listitem> |
1684 <listitem><para> | |
19025
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1685 Audio in AVI files must be either constant-bitrate (CBR) or |
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1686 constant-framesize (i.e. all frames decode to the same number of |
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1687 samples). |
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1688 Unfortunately, the most efficient codec, Vorbis, does not meet |
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1689 either of these requirements. |
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1690 Therefore, if you plan to store your movie in AVI, you will have to |
27869 | 1691 use a less efficient codec such as MP3 or AC-3. |
1692 </para></listitem> | |
19025
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1693 </orderedlist> |
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1694 |
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1695 <para> |
27869 | 1696 Having said all that, <application>MEncoder</application> does not |
1697 currently support variable-fps output or Vorbis encoding. | |
1698 Therefore, you may not see these as limitations if | |
1699 <application>MEncoder</application> is the | |
1700 only tool you will be using to produce your encodes. | |
1701 However, it is possible to use <application>MEncoder</application> | |
1702 only for video encoding, and then use external tools to encode | |
1703 audio and mux it into another container format. | |
19025
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1704 </para> |
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1705 </sect3> |
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1706 |
27869 | 1707 |
19025
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1708 <sect3 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing-matroska"> |
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1709 <title>Muxing into the Matroska container</title> |
27869 | 1710 |
1711 <para> | |
1712 Matroska is a free, open standard container format, aiming | |
1713 to offer a lot of advanced features, which older containers | |
1714 like AVI cannot handle. | |
1715 For example, Matroska supports variable bitrate audio content | |
1716 (VBR), variable framerates (VFR), chapters, file attachments, | |
1717 error detection code (EDC) and modern A/V Codecs like "Advanced Audio | |
1718 Coding" (AAC), "Vorbis" or "MPEG-4 AVC" (H.264), next to nothing | |
1719 handled by AVI. | |
1720 </para> | |
1721 | |
1722 <para> | |
1723 The tools required to create Matroska files are collectively called | |
1724 <application>mkvtoolnix</application>, and are available for most | |
1725 Unix platforms as well as <application>Windows</application>. | |
1726 Because Matroska is an open standard you may find other | |
1727 tools that suit you better, but since mkvtoolnix is the most | |
1728 common, and is supported by the Matroska team itself, we will | |
1729 only cover its usage. | |
1730 </para> | |
1731 | |
1732 <para> | |
1733 Probably the easiest way to get started with Matroska is to use | |
1734 <application>MMG</application>, the graphical frontend shipped with | |
1735 <application>mkvtoolnix</application>, and follow the | |
1736 <ulink url="http://www.bunkus.org/videotools/mkvtoolnix/doc/mkvmerge-gui.html">guide to mkvmerge GUI (mmg)</ulink> | |
1737 </para> | |
1738 | |
1739 <para> | |
1740 You may also mux audio and video files using the command line: | |
1741 <screen> | |
1742 mkvmerge -o <replaceable>output.mkv</replaceable> <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>input_audio1.mp3</replaceable> <replaceable>input_audio2.ac3</replaceable> | |
1743 </screen> | |
1744 This would merge the video file <replaceable>input_video.avi</replaceable> | |
1745 and the two audio files <replaceable>input_audio1.mp3</replaceable> | |
1746 and <replaceable>input_audio2.ac3</replaceable> into the Matroska | |
1747 file <replaceable>output.mkv</replaceable>. | |
1748 Matroska, as mentioned earlier, is able to do much more than that, like | |
1749 multiple audio tracks (including fine-tuning of audio/video | |
1750 synchronization), chapters, subtitles, splitting, etc... | |
1751 Please refer to the documentation of those applications for | |
1752 more details. | |
1753 </para> | |
19025
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1754 </sect3> |
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1755 </sect2> |
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1756 </sect1> |
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1757 |
27869 | 1758 |
1759 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
1760 | |
1761 | |
19025
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1762 <sect1 id="menc-feat-telecine"> |
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1763 <title>How to deal with telecine and interlacing within NTSC DVDs</title> |
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1764 |
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1765 <sect2 id="menc-feat-telecine-intro"> |
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1766 <title>Introduction</title> |
27869 | 1767 |
19025
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1768 <formalpara> |
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1769 <title>What is telecine?</title> |
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1770 <para> |
27869 | 1771 If you do not understand much of what is written in this document, read the |
1772 <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecine">Wikipedia entry on telecine</ulink>. | |
1773 It is an understandable and reasonably comprehensive | |
1774 description of what telecine is. | |
19025
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1775 </para></formalpara> |
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1776 |
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1777 <formalpara> |
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1778 <title>A note about the numbers.</title> |
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1779 <para> |
27869 | 1780 Many documents, including the article linked above, refer to the fields |
1781 per second value of NTSC video as 59.94 and the corresponding frames | |
1782 per second values as 29.97 (for telecined and interlaced) and 23.976 | |
1783 (for progressive). For simplicity, some documents even round these | |
1784 numbers to 60, 30, and 24. | |
19025
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1785 </para></formalpara> |
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1786 |
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1787 <para> |
27869 | 1788 Strictly speaking, all those numbers are approximations. Black and |
1789 white NTSC video was exactly 60 fields per second, but 60000/1001 | |
1790 was later chosen to accommodate color data while remaining compatible | |
1791 with contemporary black and white televisions. Digital NTSC video | |
1792 (such as on a DVD) is also 60000/1001 fields per second. From this, | |
1793 interlaced and telecined video are derived to be 30000/1001 frames | |
1794 per second; progressive video is 24000/1001 frames per second. | |
1795 </para> | |
1796 | |
1797 <para> | |
1798 Older versions of the <application>MEncoder</application> documentation | |
1799 and many archived mailing list posts refer to 59.94, 29.97, and 23.976. | |
1800 All <application>MEncoder</application> documentation has been updated | |
1801 to use the fractional values, and you should use them too. | |
1802 </para> | |
1803 | |
1804 <para> | |
1805 <option>-ofps 23.976</option> is incorrect. | |
1806 <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option> should be used instead. | |
19025
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1807 </para> |
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1808 |
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1809 <formalpara> |
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1810 <title>How telecine is used.</title> |
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1811 <para> |
27869 | 1812 All video intended to be displayed on an NTSC |
1813 television set must be 60000/1001 fields per second. Made-for-TV movies | |
1814 and shows are often filmed directly at 60000/1001 fields per second, but | |
1815 the majority of cinema is filmed at 24 or 24000/1001 frames per | |
1816 second. When cinematic movie DVDs are mastered, the video is then | |
1817 converted for television using a process called telecine. | |
19025
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1818 </para></formalpara> |
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1819 |
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1820 <para> |
27869 | 1821 On a DVD, the video is never actually stored as 60000/1001 fields per |
1822 second. For video that was originally 60000/1001, each pair of fields is | |
1823 combined to form a frame, resulting in 30000/1001 frames per | |
1824 second. Hardware DVD players then read a flag embedded in the video | |
1825 stream to determine whether the odd- or even-numbered lines should | |
1826 form the first field. | |
1827 </para> | |
1828 | |
1829 <para> | |
1830 Usually, 24000/1001 frames per second content stays as it is when | |
1831 encoded for a DVD, and the DVD player must perform telecining | |
1832 on-the-fly. Sometimes, however, the video is telecined | |
1833 <emphasis>before</emphasis> being stored on the DVD; even though it | |
1834 was originally 24000/1001 frames per second, it becomes 60000/1001 fields per | |
1835 second. When it is stored on the DVD, pairs of fields are combined to form | |
1836 30000/1001 frames per second. | |
1837 </para> | |
1838 | |
1839 <para> | |
1840 When looking at individual frames formed from 60000/1001 fields per | |
1841 second video, telecined or otherwise, interlacing is clearly visible | |
1842 wherever there is any motion, because one field (say, the | |
1843 even-numbered lines) represents a moment in time 1/(60000/1001) | |
1844 seconds later than the other. Playing interlaced video on a computer | |
1845 looks ugly both because the monitor is higher resolution and because | |
1846 the video is shown frame-after-frame instead of field-after-field. | |
19025
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1847 </para> |
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1848 |
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1849 <itemizedlist> |
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1850 <title>Notes:</title> |
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1851 <listitem><para> |
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1852 This section only applies to NTSC DVDs, and not PAL. |
27869 | 1853 </para></listitem> |
19025
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1854 <listitem><para> |
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1855 The example <application>MEncoder</application> lines throughout the |
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1856 document are <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> intended for |
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1857 actual use. They are simply the bare minimum required to encode the |
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1858 pertaining video category. How to make good DVD rips or fine-tune |
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1859 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> for maximal |
27869 | 1860 quality is not within the scope of this section; refer to other |
1861 sections within the <link linkend="encoding-guide">MEncoder encoding | |
1862 guide</link>. | |
1863 </para></listitem> | |
19025
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1864 <listitem><para> |
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1865 There are a couple footnotes specific to this guide, linked like this: |
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1866 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[1]</link> |
27869 | 1867 </para></listitem> |
19025
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1868 </itemizedlist> |
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1869 </sect2> |
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1870 |
27869 | 1871 <!-- ********** --> |
1872 | |
19025
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1873 <sect2 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident"> |
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1874 <title>How to tell what type of video you have</title> |
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1875 |
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1876 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-progressive"> |
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1877 <title>Progressive</title> |
27869 | 1878 |
1879 <para> | |
1880 Progressive video was originally filmed at 24000/1001 fps, and stored | |
1881 on the DVD without alteration. | |
1882 </para> | |
1883 | |
1884 <para> | |
1885 When you play a progressive DVD in <application>MPlayer</application>, | |
1886 <application>MPlayer</application> will print the following line as | |
1887 soon as the movie begins to play: | |
1888 <screen> | |
1889 demux_mpg: 24000/1001 fps progressive NTSC content detected, switching framerate. | |
1890 </screen> | |
1891 From this point forward, demux_mpg should never say it finds | |
1892 "30000/1001 fps NTSC content." | |
1893 </para> | |
1894 | |
1895 <para> | |
1896 When you watch progressive video, you should never see any | |
1897 interlacing. Beware, however, because sometimes there is a tiny bit | |
1898 of telecine mixed in where you would not expect. I have encountered TV | |
1899 show DVDs that have one second of telecine at every scene change, or | |
1900 at seemingly random places. I once watched a DVD that had a | |
1901 progressive first half, and the second half was telecined. If you | |
1902 want to be <emphasis>really</emphasis> thorough, you can scan the | |
1903 entire movie: | |
1904 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -nosound -vo null -benchmark</screen> | |
1905 Using <option>-benchmark</option> makes | |
1906 <application>MPlayer</application> play the movie as quickly as it | |
1907 possibly can; still, depending on your hardware, it can take a | |
1908 while. Every time demux_mpg reports a framerate change, the line | |
1909 immediately above will show you the time at which the change | |
1910 occurred. | |
1911 </para> | |
1912 | |
1913 <para> | |
1914 Sometimes progressive video on DVDs is referred to as | |
1915 "soft-telecine" because it is intended to | |
1916 be telecined by the DVD player. | |
19025
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1917 </para> |
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1918 </sect3> |
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1919 |
27869 | 1920 |
19025
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1921 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-telecined"> |
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1922 <title>Telecined</title> |
27869 | 1923 |
1924 <para> | |
1925 Telecined video was originally filmed at 24000/1001, but was telecined | |
1926 <emphasis>before</emphasis> it was written to the DVD. | |
1927 </para> | |
1928 | |
1929 <para> | |
1930 <application>MPlayer</application> does not (ever) report any | |
1931 framerate changes when it plays telecined video. | |
1932 </para> | |
1933 | |
1934 <para> | |
1935 Watching a telecined video, you will see interlacing artifacts that | |
1936 seem to "blink": they repeatedly appear and disappear. | |
1937 You can look closely at this by | |
1938 <orderedlist> | |
1939 <listitem><screen>mplayer dvd://1</screen></listitem> | |
1940 <listitem><para> | |
1941 Seek to a part with motion. | |
1942 </para></listitem> | |
1943 <listitem><para> | |
1944 Use the <keycap>.</keycap> key to step forward one frame at a time. | |
1945 </para></listitem> | |
1946 <listitem><para> | |
1947 Look at the pattern of interlaced-looking and progressive-looking | |
1948 frames. If the pattern you see is PPPII,PPPII,PPPII,... then the | |
1949 video is telecined. If you see some other pattern, then the video | |
1950 may have been telecined using some non-standard method; | |
1951 <application>MEncoder</application> cannot losslessly convert | |
1952 non-standard telecine to progressive. If you do not see any | |
1953 pattern at all, then it is most likely interlaced. | |
1954 </para></listitem> | |
1955 </orderedlist> | |
1956 </para> | |
1957 | |
1958 <para> | |
1959 Sometimes telecined video on DVDs is referred to as | |
1960 "hard-telecine". Since hard-telecine is already 60000/1001 fields | |
1961 per second, the DVD player plays the video without any manipulation. | |
1962 </para> | |
1963 | |
1964 <para> | |
1965 Another way to tell if your source is telecined or not is to play | |
1966 the source with the <option>-vf pullup</option> and <option>-v</option> | |
1967 command line options to see how <option>pullup</option> matches frames. | |
1968 If the source is telecined, you should see on the console a 3:2 pattern | |
1969 with <systemitem>0+.1.+2</systemitem> and <systemitem>0++1</systemitem> | |
1970 alternating. | |
1971 This technique has the advantage that you do not need to watch the | |
1972 source to identify it, which could be useful if you wish to automate | |
1973 the encoding procedure, or to carry out said procedure remotely via | |
1974 a slow connection. | |
1975 </para> | |
19025
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1976 </sect3> |
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1977 |
27869 | 1978 |
19025
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1979 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-interlaced"> |
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1980 <title>Interlaced</title> |
27869 | 1981 |
1982 <para> | |
1983 Interlaced video was originally filmed at 60000/1001 fields per second, | |
1984 and stored on the DVD as 30000/1001 frames per second. The interlacing effect | |
1985 (often called "combing") is a result of combining pairs of | |
1986 fields into frames. Each field is supposed to be 1/(60000/1001) seconds apart, | |
1987 and when they are displayed simultaneously the difference is apparent. | |
1988 </para> | |
1989 | |
1990 <para> | |
1991 As with telecined video, <application>MPlayer</application> should | |
1992 not ever report any framerate changes when playing interlaced content. | |
1993 </para> | |
1994 | |
1995 <para> | |
1996 When you view an interlaced video closely by frame-stepping with the | |
1997 <keycap>.</keycap> key, you will see that every single frame is interlaced. | |
19025
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1998 </para> |
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1999 </sect3> |
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2000 |
27869 | 2001 |
19025
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2002 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-mixedpt"> |
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2003 <title>Mixed progressive and telecine</title> |
27869 | 2004 |
2005 <para> | |
2006 All of a "mixed progressive and telecine" video was originally | |
2007 24000/1001 frames per second, but some parts of it ended up being telecined. | |
2008 </para> | |
2009 | |
2010 <para> | |
2011 When <application>MPlayer</application> plays this category, it will | |
2012 (often repeatedly) switch back and forth between "30000/1001 fps NTSC" | |
2013 and "24000/1001 fps progressive NTSC". Watch the bottom of | |
2014 <application>MPlayer</application>'s output to see these messages. | |
2015 </para> | |
2016 | |
2017 <para> | |
2018 You should check the "30000/1001 fps NTSC" sections to make sure | |
2019 they are actually telecine, and not just interlaced. | |
19025
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2020 </para> |
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2021 </sect3> |
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2022 |
27869 | 2023 |
19025
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2024 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-ident-mixedpi"> |
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2025 <title>Mixed progressive and interlaced</title> |
27869 | 2026 |
2027 <para> | |
2028 In "mixed progressive and interlaced" content, progressive | |
2029 and interlaced video have been spliced together. | |
2030 </para> | |
2031 | |
2032 <para> | |
2033 This category looks just like "mixed progressive and telecine", | |
2034 until you examine the 30000/1001 fps sections and see that they do not have the | |
2035 telecine pattern. | |
19025
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2036 </para> |
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2037 </sect3> |
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2038 </sect2> |
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2039 |
27869 | 2040 <!-- ********** --> |
2041 | |
19025
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2042 <sect2 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode"> |
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2043 <title>How to encode each category</title> |
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2044 <para> |
27869 | 2045 As I mentioned in the beginning, example <application>MEncoder</application> |
2046 lines below are <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> meant to actually be used; | |
2047 they only demonstrate the minimum parameters to properly encode each category. | |
2048 </para> | |
2049 | |
19025
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2050 |
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2051 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-progressive"> |
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2052 <title>Progressive</title> |
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2053 <para> |
27869 | 2054 Progressive video requires no special filtering to encode. The only |
2055 parameter you need to be sure to use is <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option>. | |
2056 Otherwise, <application>MEncoder</application> | |
2057 will try to encode at 30000/1001 fps and will duplicate frames. | |
2058 </para> | |
2059 | |
2060 <para> | |
2061 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -ofps 24000/1001</screen> | |
2062 </para> | |
2063 | |
2064 <para> | |
2065 It is often the case, however, that a video that looks progressive | |
2066 actually has very short parts of telecine mixed in. Unless you are | |
2067 sure, it is safest to treat the video as | |
2068 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-encode-mixedpt">mixed progressive and telecine</link>. | |
2069 The performance loss is small | |
2070 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[3]</link>. | |
19025
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2071 </para> |
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2072 </sect3> |
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2073 |
27869 | 2074 |
19025
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2075 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-telecined"> |
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2076 <title>Telecined</title> |
27869 | 2077 |
2078 <para> | |
2079 Telecine can be reversed to retrieve the original 24000/1001 content, | |
2080 using a process called inverse-telecine. | |
2081 <application>MPlayer</application> contains several filters to | |
2082 accomplish this; the best filter, <option>pullup</option>, is described | |
2083 in the <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-encode-mixedpt">mixed | |
2084 progressive and telecine</link> section. | |
19025
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2085 </para> |
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2086 </sect3> |
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|
2087 |
27869 | 2088 |
19025
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2089 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-interlaced"> |
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2090 <title>Interlaced</title> |
27869 | 2091 |
2092 <para> | |
2093 For most practical cases it is not possible to retrieve a complete | |
2094 progressive video from interlaced content. The only way to do so | |
2095 without losing half of the vertical resolution is to double the | |
2096 framerate and try to "guess" what ought to make up the | |
2097 corresponding lines for each field (this has drawbacks - see method 3). | |
19025
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2098 </para> |
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2099 |
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2100 <orderedlist> |
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2101 <listitem><para> |
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2102 Encode the video in interlaced form. Normally, interlacing wreaks |
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2103 havoc with the encoder's ability to compress well, but |
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2104 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> has two |
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2105 parameters specifically for dealing with storing interlaced video a |
27869 | 2106 bit better: <option>ildct</option> and <option>ilme</option>. Also, |
19025
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2107 using <option>mbd=2</option> is strongly recommended |
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|
2108 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[2] </link> because it |
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|
2109 will encode macroblocks as non-interlaced in places where there is |
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|
2110 no motion. Note that <option>-ofps</option> is NOT needed here. |
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2111 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts ildct:ilme:mbd=2</screen> |
27869 | 2112 </para></listitem> |
19025
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2113 <listitem><para> |
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2114 Use a deinterlacing filter before encoding. There are several of |
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2115 these filters available to choose from, each with its own advantages |
27869 | 2116 and disadvantages. Consult <option>mplayer -pphelp</option> and |
2117 <option>mplayer -vf help</option> to see what is available | |
2118 (grep for "deint"), read Michael Niedermayer's | |
2119 <ulink url="http://guru.multimedia.cx/deinterlacing-filters/">Deinterlacing filters comparison</ulink>, | |
2120 and search the | |
2121 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/design7/mailing_lists.html"> | |
19025
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2122 MPlayer mailing lists</ulink> to find many discussions about the |
27869 | 2123 various filters. |
2124 Again, the framerate is not changing, so no | |
19025
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2125 <option>-ofps</option>. Also, deinterlacing should be done after |
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|
2126 cropping <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[1]</link> and |
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2127 before scaling. |
27869 | 2128 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -vf yadif -ovc lavc</screen> |
2129 </para></listitem> | |
19025
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2130 <listitem><para> |
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2131 Unfortunately, this option is buggy with |
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|
2132 <application>MEncoder</application>; it ought to work well with |
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2133 <application>MEncoder G2</application>, but that is not here yet. You |
27869 | 2134 might experience crashes. Anyway, the purpose of <option> -vf |
19025
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|
2135 tfields</option> is to create a full frame out of each field, which |
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|
2136 makes the framerate 60000/1001. The advantage of this approach is that no |
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|
2137 data is ever lost; however, since each frame comes from only one |
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|
2138 field, the missing lines have to be interpolated somehow. There are |
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|
2139 no very good methods of generating the missing data, and so the |
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|
2140 result will look a bit similar to when using some deinterlacing |
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|
2141 filters. Generating the missing lines creates other issues, as well, |
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|
2142 simply because the amount of data doubles. So, higher encoding |
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|
2143 bitrates are required to maintain quality, and more CPU power is |
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|
2144 used for both encoding and decoding. tfields has several different |
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|
2145 options for how to create the missing lines of each frame. If you |
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|
2146 use this method, then Reference the manual, and chose whichever |
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|
2147 option looks best for your material. Note that when using |
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|
2148 <option>tfields</option> you |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2149 <emphasis role="bold">have to</emphasis> specify both |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2150 <option>-fps</option> and <option>-ofps</option> to be twice the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2151 framerate of your original source. |
27869 | 2152 <screen> |
2153 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -vf tfields=2 -ovc lavc \ | |
2154 -fps 60000/1001 -ofps 60000/1001<!-- | |
2155 --></screen> | |
2156 </para></listitem> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2157 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2158 If you plan on downscaling dramatically, you can extract and encode |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2159 only one of the two fields. Of course, you will lose half the vertical |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2160 resolution, but if you plan on downscaling to at most 1/2 of the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2161 original, the loss will not matter much. The result will be a |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2162 progressive 30000/1001 frames per second file. The procedure is to use |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2163 <option>-vf field</option>, then crop |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2164 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[1]</link> and scale |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2165 appropriately. Remember that you will have to adjust the scale to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2166 compensate for the vertical resolution being halved. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2167 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -vf field=0 -ovc lavc</screen> |
27869 | 2168 </para></listitem> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2169 </orderedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2170 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2171 |
27869 | 2172 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2173 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-mixedpt"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2174 <title>Mixed progressive and telecine</title> |
27869 | 2175 |
2176 <para> | |
2177 In order to turn mixed progressive and telecine video into entirely | |
2178 progressive video, the telecined parts have to be | |
2179 inverse-telecined. There are three ways to accomplish this, | |
2180 described below. Note that you should | |
2181 <emphasis role="bold">always</emphasis> inverse-telecine before any | |
2182 rescaling; unless you really know what you are doing, | |
2183 inverse-telecine before cropping, too | |
2184 <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes">[1]</link>. | |
2185 <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option> is needed here because the output video | |
2186 will be 24000/1001 frames per second. | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2187 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2188 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2189 <itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2190 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2191 <option>-vf pullup</option> is designed to inverse-telecine |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2192 telecined material while leaving progressive data alone. In order to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2193 work properly, <option>pullup</option> <emphasis role="bold">must</emphasis> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2194 be followed by the <option>softskip</option> filter or |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2195 else <application>MEncoder</application> will crash. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2196 <option>pullup</option> is, however, the cleanest and most |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2197 accurate method available for encoding both telecine and |
27869 | 2198 "mixed progressive and telecine". |
2199 <screen> | |
2200 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -vf pullup,softskip | |
2201 -ovc lavc -ofps 24000/1001<!-- | |
2202 --></screen> | |
2203 </para></listitem> | |
2204 <listitem><para> | |
2205 <option>-vf filmdint</option> is similar to | |
2206 <option>-vf pullup</option>: both filters attempt to match a pair of | |
2207 fields to form a complete frame. <option>filmdint</option> will | |
2208 deinterlace individual fields that it cannot match, however, whereas | |
2209 <option>pullup</option> will simply drop them. Also, the two filters | |
2210 have separate detection code, and <option>filmdint</option> may tend to match fields a | |
2211 bit less often. Which filter works better may depend on the input | |
2212 video and personal taste; feel free to experiment with fine-tuning | |
2213 the filters' options if you encounter problems with either one (see | |
2214 the man page for details). For most well-mastered input video, | |
2215 however, both filters work quite well, so either one is a safe choice | |
2216 to start with. | |
2217 <screen> | |
2218 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -vf filmdint -ovc lavc -ofps 24000/1001<!-- | |
2219 --></screen> | |
2220 </para></listitem> | |
2221 <listitem><para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2222 An older method |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2223 is to, rather than inverse-telecine the telecined parts, telecine |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2224 the non-telecined parts and then inverse-telecine the whole |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2225 video. Sound confusing? softpulldown is a filter that goes through |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2226 a video and makes the entire file telecined. If we follow |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2227 softpulldown with either <option>detc</option> or |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2228 <option>ivtc</option>, the final result will be entirely |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2229 progressive. <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option> is needed. |
27869 | 2230 <screen> |
2231 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -vf softpulldown,ivtc=1 -ovc lavc -ofps 24000/1001 | |
2232 </screen> | |
2233 </para></listitem> | |
2234 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2235 </itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2236 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2237 |
27869 | 2238 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2239 <sect3 id="menc-feat-telecine-encode-mixedpi"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2240 <title>Mixed progressive and interlaced</title> |
27869 | 2241 |
2242 <para> | |
2243 There are two options for dealing with this category, each of | |
2244 which is a compromise. You should decide based on the | |
2245 duration/location of each type. | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2246 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2247 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2248 <itemizedlist> |
27869 | 2249 <listitem> |
2250 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2251 Treat it as progressive. The interlaced parts will look interlaced, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2252 and some of the interlaced fields will have to be dropped, resulting |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2253 in a bit of uneven jumpiness. You can use a postprocessing filter if |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2254 you want to, but it may slightly degrade the progressive parts. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2255 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2256 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2257 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2258 This option should definitely not be used if you want to eventually |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2259 display the video on an interlaced device (with a TV card, for |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2260 example). If you have interlaced frames in a 24000/1001 frames per |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2261 second video, they will be telecined along with the progressive |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2262 frames. Half of the interlaced "frames" will be displayed for three |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2263 fields' duration (3/(60000/1001) seconds), resulting in a flicking |
27869 | 2264 "jump back in time" effect that looks quite bad. If you |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2265 even attempt this, you <emphasis role="bold">must</emphasis> use a |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2266 deinterlacing filter like <option>lb</option> or |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2267 <option>l5</option>. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2268 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2269 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2270 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2271 It may also be a bad idea for progressive display, too. It will drop |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2272 pairs of consecutive interlaced fields, resulting in a discontinuity |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2273 that can be more visible than with the second method, which shows |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2274 some progressive frames twice. 30000/1001 frames per second interlaced |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2275 video is already a bit choppy because it really should be shown at |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2276 60000/1001 fields per second, so the duplicate frames do not stand out as |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2277 much. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2278 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2279 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2280 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2281 Either way, it is best to consider your content and how you intend to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2282 display it. If your video is 90% progressive and you never intend to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2283 show it on a TV, you should favor a progressive approach. If it is |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2284 only half progressive, you probably want to encode it as if it is all |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2285 interlaced. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2286 </para> |
27869 | 2287 </listitem> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2288 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2289 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2290 Treat it as interlaced. Some frames of the progressive parts will |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2291 need to be duplicated, resulting in uneven jumpiness. Again, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2292 deinterlacing filters may slightly degrade the progressive parts. |
27869 | 2293 </para></listitem> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2294 </itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2295 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2296 </sect2> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2297 |
27869 | 2298 <!-- ********** --> |
2299 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2300 <sect2 id="menc-feat-telecine-footnotes"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2301 <title>Footnotes</title> |
27869 | 2302 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2303 <orderedlist> |
27869 | 2304 <listitem> |
2305 <formalpara> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2306 <title>About cropping:</title> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2307 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2308 Video data on DVDs are stored in a format called YUV 4:2:0. In YUV |
27869 | 2309 video, luma ("brightness") and chroma ("color") |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2310 are stored separately. Because the human eye is somewhat less |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2311 sensitive to color than it is to brightness, in a YUV 4:2:0 picture |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2312 there is only one chroma pixel for every four luma pixels. In a |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2313 progressive picture, each square of four luma pixels (two on each |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2314 side) has one common chroma pixel. You must crop progressive YUV |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2315 4:2:0 to even resolutions, and use even offsets. For example, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2316 <option>crop=716:380:2:26</option> is OK but |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2317 <option>crop=716:380:3:26 </option> is not. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2318 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2319 </formalpara> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2320 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2321 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2322 When you are dealing with interlaced YUV 4:2:0, the situation is a |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2323 bit more complicated. Instead of every four luma pixels in the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2324 <emphasis>frame</emphasis> sharing a chroma pixel, every four luma |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2325 pixels in each <emphasis> field</emphasis> share a chroma |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2326 pixel. When fields are interlaced to form a frame, each scanline is |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2327 one pixel high. Now, instead of all four luma pixels being in a |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2328 square, there are two pixels side-by-side, and the other two pixels |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2329 are side-by-side two scanlines down. The two luma pixels in the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2330 intermediate scanline are from the other field, and so share a |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2331 different chroma pixel with two luma pixels two scanlines away. All |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2332 this confusion makes it necessary to have vertical crop dimensions |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2333 and offsets be multiples of four. Horizontal can stay even. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2334 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2335 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2336 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2337 For telecined video, I recommend that cropping take place after |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2338 inverse telecining. Once the video is progressive you only need to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2339 crop by even numbers. If you really want to gain the slight speedup |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2340 that cropping first may offer, you must crop vertically by multiples |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2341 of four or else the inverse-telecine filter will not have proper data. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2342 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2343 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2344 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2345 For interlaced (not telecined) video, you must always crop |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2346 vertically by multiples of four unless you use <option>-vf |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2347 field</option> before cropping. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2348 </para> |
27869 | 2349 </listitem> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2350 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2351 <listitem><formalpara> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2352 <title>About encoding parameters and quality:</title> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2353 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2354 Just because I recommend <option>mbd=2</option> here does not mean it |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2355 should not be used elsewhere. Along with <option>trell</option>, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2356 <option>mbd=2</option> is one of the two |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2357 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> options that |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2358 increases quality the most, and you should always use at least those |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2359 two unless the drop in encoding speed is prohibitive (e.g. realtime |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2360 encoding). There are many other options to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2361 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> that increase |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2362 encoding quality (and decrease encoding speed) but that is beyond |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2363 the scope of this document. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2364 </para> |
27869 | 2365 </formalpara></listitem> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2366 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2367 <listitem><formalpara> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2368 <title>About the performance of pullup:</title> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2369 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2370 It is safe to use <option>pullup</option> (along with <option>softskip |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2371 </option>) on progressive video, and is usually a good idea unless |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2372 the source has been definitively verified to be entirely progressive. |
27869 | 2373 The performance loss is small for most cases. On a bare-minimum encode, |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2374 <option>pullup</option> causes <application>MEncoder</application> to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2375 be 50% slower. Adding sound processing and advanced <option>lavcopts |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2376 </option> overshadows that difference, bringing the performance |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2377 decrease of using <option>pullup</option> down to 2%. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2378 </para> |
27869 | 2379 </formalpara></listitem> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2380 </orderedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2381 </sect2> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2382 </sect1> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2383 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2384 |
27869 | 2385 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
2386 | |
2387 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2388 <sect1 id="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2389 <title>Encoding with the <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2390 codec family</title> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2391 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2392 <para> |
27869 | 2393 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2394 provides simple encoding to a lot of interesting video and audio formats. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2395 You can encode to the following codecs (more or less up to date): |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2396 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2397 |
27869 | 2398 <!-- ********** --> |
2399 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2400 <sect2 id="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-video-codecs"> |
27869 | 2401 <title><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s |
2402 video codecs</title> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2403 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2404 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2405 <informaltable frame="all"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2406 <tgroup cols="2"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2407 <thead> |
27869 | 2408 <row><entry>Video codec name</entry><entry>Description</entry></row> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2409 </thead> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2410 <tbody> |
27869 | 2411 <row> |
2412 <entry>mjpeg</entry> | |
2413 <entry>Motion JPEG</entry> | |
2414 </row> | |
2415 <row> | |
2416 <entry>ljpeg</entry> | |
2417 <entry>lossless JPEG</entry> | |
2418 </row> | |
2419 <row> | |
2420 <entry>jpegls</entry> | |
2421 <entry>JPEG LS</entry> | |
2422 </row> | |
2423 <row> | |
2424 <entry>targa</entry> | |
2425 <entry>Targa image</entry> | |
2426 </row> | |
2427 <row> | |
2428 <entry>gif</entry> | |
2429 <entry>GIF image</entry> | |
2430 </row> | |
2431 <row> | |
2432 <entry>bmp</entry> | |
2433 <entry>BMP image</entry> | |
2434 </row> | |
2435 <row> | |
2436 <entry>png</entry> | |
2437 <entry>PNG image</entry> | |
2438 </row> | |
2439 <row> | |
2440 <entry>h261</entry> | |
2441 <entry>H.261</entry> | |
2442 </row> | |
2443 <row> | |
2444 <entry>h263</entry> | |
2445 <entry>H.263 </entry> | |
2446 </row> | |
2447 <row> | |
2448 <entry>h263p</entry> | |
2449 <entry>H.263+</entry> | |
2450 </row> | |
2451 <row> | |
2452 <entry>mpeg4</entry> | |
2453 <entry>ISO standard MPEG-4 (DivX, Xvid compatible)</entry> | |
2454 </row> | |
2455 <row> | |
2456 <entry>msmpeg4</entry> | |
2457 <entry>pre-standard MPEG-4 variant by MS, v3 (AKA DivX3)</entry> | |
2458 </row> | |
2459 <row> | |
2460 <entry>msmpeg4v2</entry> | |
2461 <entry>pre-standard MPEG-4 by MS, v2 (used in old ASF files)</entry> | |
2462 </row> | |
2463 <row> | |
2464 <entry>wmv1</entry> | |
2465 <entry>Windows Media Video, version 1 (AKA WMV7)</entry> | |
2466 </row> | |
2467 <row> | |
2468 <entry>wmv2</entry> | |
2469 <entry>Windows Media Video, version 2 (AKA WMV8)</entry> | |
2470 </row> | |
2471 <row> | |
2472 <entry>rv10</entry> | |
2473 <entry>RealVideo 1.0</entry> | |
2474 </row> | |
2475 <row> | |
2476 <entry>rv20</entry> | |
2477 <entry>RealVideo 2.0</entry> | |
2478 </row> | |
2479 <row> | |
2480 <entry>mpeg1video</entry> | |
2481 <entry>MPEG-1 video</entry> | |
2482 </row> | |
2483 <row> | |
2484 <entry>mpeg2video</entry> | |
2485 <entry>MPEG-2 video</entry> | |
2486 </row> | |
2487 <row> | |
2488 <entry>huffyuv</entry> | |
2489 <entry>lossless compression</entry> | |
2490 </row> | |
2491 <row> | |
2492 <entry>ffvhuff</entry> | |
2493 <entry>FFmpeg modified huffyuv lossless</entry> | |
2494 </row> | |
2495 <row> | |
2496 <entry>asv1</entry> | |
2497 <entry>ASUS Video v1</entry> | |
2498 </row> | |
2499 <row> | |
2500 <entry>asv2</entry> | |
2501 <entry>ASUS Video v2</entry> | |
2502 </row> | |
2503 <row> | |
2504 <entry>ffv1</entry> | |
2505 <entry>FFmpeg's lossless video codec</entry> | |
2506 </row> | |
2507 <row> | |
2508 <entry>svq1</entry> | |
2509 <entry>Sorenson video 1</entry> | |
2510 </row> | |
2511 <row> | |
2512 <entry>flv</entry> | |
2513 <entry>Sorenson H.263 used in Flash Video</entry> | |
2514 </row> | |
2515 <row> | |
2516 <entry>flashsv</entry> | |
2517 <entry>Flash Screen Video</entry> | |
2518 </row> | |
2519 <row> | |
2520 <entry>dvvideo</entry> | |
2521 <entry>Sony Digital Video</entry> | |
2522 </row> | |
2523 <row> | |
2524 <entry>snow</entry> | |
2525 <entry>FFmpeg's experimental wavelet-based codec</entry> | |
2526 </row> | |
2527 <row> | |
2528 <entry>zmbv</entry> | |
2529 <entry>Zip Motion Blocks Video</entry> | |
2530 </row> | |
2531 <row> | |
2532 <entry>dnxhd</entry> | |
2533 <entry>AVID DNxHD</entry> | |
2534 </row> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2535 </tbody> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2536 </tgroup> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2537 </informaltable> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2538 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2539 The first column contains the codec names that should be passed after the |
27869 | 2540 <literal>vcodec</literal> config, |
2541 like: <option>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4</option> | |
2542 </para> | |
2543 | |
2544 <informalexample><para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2545 An example with MJPEG compression: |
27869 | 2546 <screen> |
2547 mencoder dvd://2 -o <replaceable>title2.avi</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg -oac copy | |
2548 </screen> | |
2549 </para></informalexample> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2550 </sect2> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2551 |
27869 | 2552 <!-- ********** --> |
2553 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2554 <sect2 id="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-audio-codecs"> |
27869 | 2555 <title><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s |
2556 audio codecs</title> | |
2557 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2558 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2559 <informaltable frame="all"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2560 <tgroup cols="2"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2561 <thead> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2562 <row><entry>Audio codec name</entry><entry>Description</entry></row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2563 </thead> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2564 <tbody> |
27869 | 2565 <row> |
2566 <entry>ac3</entry> | |
2567 <entry>Dolby Digital (AC-3)</entry> | |
2568 </row> | |
2569 <row> | |
2570 <entry>adpcm_*</entry> | |
2571 <entry>Adaptive PCM formats - see supplementary table</entry> | |
2572 </row> | |
2573 <row> | |
2574 <entry>flac</entry> | |
2575 <entry>Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)</entry> | |
2576 </row> | |
2577 <row> | |
2578 <entry>g726</entry> | |
2579 <entry>G.726 ADPCM</entry> | |
2580 </row> | |
2581 <row> | |
2582 <entry>libamr_nb</entry> | |
2583 <entry>3GPP Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) narrow-band</entry> | |
2584 </row> | |
2585 <row> | |
2586 <entry>libamr_wb</entry> | |
2587 <entry>3GPP Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) wide-band</entry> | |
2588 </row> | |
2589 <row> | |
2590 <entry>libfaac</entry> | |
2591 <entry>Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) - using FAAC</entry> | |
2592 </row> | |
2593 <row> | |
2594 <entry>libgsm</entry> | |
2595 <entry>ETSI GSM 06.10 full rate</entry> | |
2596 </row> | |
2597 <row> | |
2598 <entry>libgsm_ms</entry> | |
2599 <entry>Microsoft GSM</entry> | |
2600 </row> | |
2601 <row> | |
2602 <entry>libmp3lame</entry> | |
2603 <entry>MPEG-1 audio layer 3 (MP3) - using LAME</entry> | |
2604 </row> | |
2605 <row> | |
2606 <entry>mp2</entry> | |
2607 <entry>MPEG-1 audio layer 2 (MP2)</entry> | |
2608 </row> | |
2609 <row> | |
2610 <entry>pcm_*</entry> | |
2611 <entry>PCM formats - see supplementary table</entry> | |
2612 </row> | |
2613 <row> | |
2614 <entry>roq_dpcm</entry> | |
2615 <entry>Id Software RoQ DPCM</entry> | |
2616 </row> | |
2617 <row> | |
2618 <entry>sonic</entry> | |
2619 <entry>experimental FFmpeg lossy codec</entry> | |
2620 </row> | |
2621 <row> | |
2622 <entry>sonicls</entry> | |
2623 <entry>experimental FFmpeg lossless codec</entry> | |
2624 </row> | |
2625 <row> | |
2626 <entry>vorbis</entry> | |
2627 <entry>Vorbis</entry> | |
2628 </row> | |
2629 <row> | |
2630 <entry>wmav1</entry> | |
2631 <entry>Windows Media Audio v1</entry> | |
2632 </row> | |
2633 <row> | |
2634 <entry>wmav2</entry> | |
2635 <entry>Windows Media Audio v2</entry> | |
2636 </row> | |
19025
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
2637 </tbody> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2638 </tgroup> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2639 </informaltable> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2640 |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2641 The first column contains the codec names that should be passed after the |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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diff
changeset
|
2642 <literal>acodec</literal> option, like: <option>-lavcopts acodec=ac3</option> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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changeset
|
2643 </para> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
2644 |
27869 | 2645 <informalexample><para> |
2646 An example with AC-3 compression: | |
2647 <screen> | |
2648 mencoder dvd://2 -o <replaceable>title2.avi</replaceable> -oac lavc -lavcopts acodec=ac3 -ovc copy | |
2649 </screen> | |
2650 </para></informalexample> | |
2651 | |
2652 <para> | |
2653 Contrary to <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s video | |
2654 codecs, its audio codecs do not make a wise usage of the bits they are | |
2655 given as they lack some minimal psychoacoustic model (if at all) | |
2656 which most other codec implementations feature. | |
2657 However, note that all these audio codecs are very fast and work | |
2658 out-of-the-box everywhere <application>MEncoder</application> has been | |
2659 compiled with <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> (which | |
2660 is the case most of time), and do not depend on external libraries. | |
2661 </para> | |
2662 | |
2663 <sect3 id="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-audio-codecs-pcmadpcm"> | |
2664 <title>PCM/ADPCM format supplementary table</title> | |
2665 | |
2666 <para> | |
2667 <informaltable frame="all"> | |
2668 <tgroup cols="2"> | |
2669 <thead> | |
2670 <row><entry>PCM/ADPCM codec name</entry><entry>Description</entry></row> | |
2671 </thead> | |
2672 <tbody> | |
2673 <row> | |
2674 <entry>pcm_s32le</entry> | |
2675 <entry>signed 32-bit little-endian</entry> | |
2676 </row> | |
2677 <row> | |
2678 <entry>pcm_s32be</entry> | |
2679 <entry>signed 32-bit big-endian</entry> | |
2680 </row> | |
2681 <row> | |
2682 <entry>pcm_u32le</entry> | |
2683 <entry>unsigned 32-bit little-endian</entry> | |
2684 </row> | |
2685 <row> | |
2686 <entry>pcm_u32be</entry> | |
2687 <entry>unsigned 32-bit big-endian</entry> | |
2688 </row> | |
2689 <row> | |
2690 <entry>pcm_s24le</entry> | |
2691 <entry>signed 24-bit little-endian</entry> | |
2692 </row> | |
2693 <row> | |
2694 <entry>pcm_s24be</entry> | |
2695 <entry>signed 24-bit big-endian</entry> | |
2696 </row> | |
2697 <row> | |
2698 <entry>pcm_u24le</entry> | |
2699 <entry>unsigned 24-bit little-endian</entry> | |
2700 </row> | |
2701 <row> | |
2702 <entry>pcm_u24be</entry> | |
2703 <entry>unsigned 24-bit big-endian</entry> | |
2704 </row> | |
2705 <row> | |
2706 <entry>pcm_s16le</entry> | |
2707 <entry>signed 16-bit little-endian</entry> | |
2708 </row> | |
2709 <row> | |
2710 <entry>pcm_s16be</entry> | |
2711 <entry>signed 16-bit big-endian</entry> | |
2712 </row> | |
2713 <row> | |
2714 <entry>pcm_u16le</entry> | |
2715 <entry>unsigned 16-bit little-endian</entry> | |
2716 </row> | |
2717 <row> | |
2718 <entry>pcm_u16be</entry> | |
2719 <entry>unsigned 16-bit big-endian</entry> | |
2720 </row> | |
2721 <row> | |
2722 <entry>pcm_s8</entry> | |
2723 <entry>signed 8-bit</entry> | |
2724 </row> | |
2725 <row> | |
2726 <entry>pcm_u8</entry> | |
2727 <entry>unsigned 8-bit</entry> | |
2728 </row> | |
2729 <row> | |
2730 <entry>pcm_alaw</entry> | |
2731 <entry>G.711 A-LAW </entry> | |
2732 </row> | |
2733 <row> | |
2734 <entry>pcm_mulaw</entry> | |
2735 <entry>G.711 μ-LAW</entry> | |
2736 </row> | |
2737 <row> | |
2738 <entry>pcm_s24daud</entry> | |
2739 <entry>signed 24-bit D-Cinema Audio format</entry> | |
2740 </row> | |
2741 <row> | |
2742 <entry>pcm_zork</entry> | |
2743 <entry>Activision Zork Nemesis</entry> | |
2744 </row> | |
2745 <row> | |
2746 <entry>adpcm_ima_qt</entry> | |
2747 <entry>Apple QuickTime</entry> | |
2748 </row> | |
2749 <row> | |
2750 <entry>adpcm_ima_wav</entry> | |
2751 <entry>Microsoft/IBM WAVE</entry> | |
2752 </row> | |
2753 <row> | |
2754 <entry>adpcm_ima_dk3</entry> | |
2755 <entry>Duck DK3</entry> | |
2756 </row> | |
2757 <row> | |
2758 <entry>adpcm_ima_dk4</entry> | |
2759 <entry>Duck DK4</entry> | |
2760 </row> | |
2761 <row> | |
2762 <entry>adpcm_ima_ws</entry> | |
2763 <entry>Westwood Studios</entry> | |
2764 </row> | |
2765 <row> | |
2766 <entry>adpcm_ima_smjpeg</entry> | |
2767 <entry>SDL Motion JPEG</entry> | |
2768 </row> | |
2769 <row> | |
2770 <entry>adpcm_ms</entry> | |
2771 <entry>Microsoft</entry> | |
2772 </row> | |
2773 <row> | |
2774 <entry>adpcm_4xm</entry> | |
2775 <entry>4X Technologies</entry> | |
2776 </row> | |
2777 <row> | |
2778 <entry>adpcm_xa</entry> | |
2779 <entry>Phillips Yellow Book CD-ROM eXtended Architecture</entry> | |
2780 </row> | |
2781 <row> | |
2782 <entry>adpcm_ea</entry> | |
2783 <entry>Electronic Arts</entry> | |
2784 </row> | |
2785 <row> | |
2786 <entry>adpcm_ct</entry> | |
2787 <entry>Creative 16->4-bit</entry> | |
2788 </row> | |
2789 <row> | |
2790 <entry>adpcm_swf</entry> | |
2791 <entry>Adobe Shockwave Flash</entry> | |
2792 </row> | |
2793 <row> | |
2794 <entry>adpcm_yamaha</entry> | |
2795 <entry>Yamaha</entry> | |
2796 </row> | |
2797 <row> | |
2798 <entry>adpcm_sbpro_4</entry> | |
2799 <entry>Creative VOC SoundBlaster Pro 8->4-bit</entry> | |
2800 </row> | |
2801 <row> | |
2802 <entry>adpcm_sbpro_3</entry> | |
2803 <entry>Creative VOC SoundBlaster Pro 8->2.6-bit</entry> | |
2804 </row> | |
2805 <row> | |
2806 <entry>adpcm_sbpro_2</entry> | |
2807 <entry>Creative VOC SoundBlaster Pro 8->2-bit</entry> | |
2808 </row> | |
2809 <row> | |
2810 <entry>adpcm_thp</entry> | |
2811 <entry>Nintendo GameCube FMV THP</entry> | |
2812 </row> | |
2813 <row> | |
2814 <entry>adpcm_adx</entry> | |
2815 <entry>Sega/CRI ADX</entry> | |
2816 </row> | |
2817 </tbody> | |
2818 </tgroup> | |
2819 </informaltable> | |
2820 </para> | |
2821 </sect3> | |
2822 | |
19025
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2823 </sect2> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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changeset
|
2824 |
27869 | 2825 <!-- ********** --> |
19025
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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changeset
|
2826 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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diff
changeset
|
2827 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-lavc-encoding-options"> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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2828 <title>Encoding options of libavcodec</title> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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diff
changeset
|
2829 |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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changeset
|
2830 <para> |
27869 | 2831 Ideally, you would probably want to be able to just tell the encoder to switch |
2832 into "high quality" mode and move on. | |
2833 That would probably be nice, but unfortunately hard to implement as different | |
2834 encoding options yield different quality results depending on the source | |
2835 material. That is because compression depends on the visual properties of the | |
2836 video in question. | |
2837 For example, Anime and live action have very different properties and | |
2838 thus require different options to obtain optimum encoding. | |
2839 The good news is that some options should never be left out, like | |
2840 <option>mbd=2</option>, <option>trell</option>, and <option>v4mv</option>. | |
2841 See below for a detailed description of common encoding options. | |
2842 </para> | |
19025
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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changeset
|
2843 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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diff
changeset
|
2844 <itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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diff
changeset
|
2845 <title>Options to adjust:</title> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2846 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2847 <emphasis role="bold">vmax_b_frames</emphasis>: 1 or 2 is good, depending on |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2848 the movie. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2849 Note that if you need to have your encode be decodable by DivX5, you |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2850 need to activate closed GOP support, using |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2851 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s <option>cgop</option> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2852 option, but you need to deactivate scene detection, which |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2853 is not a good idea as it will hurt encode efficiency a bit. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
2854 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2855 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2856 <emphasis role="bold">vb_strategy=1</emphasis>: helps in high-motion scenes. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2857 On some videos, vmax_b_frames may hurt quality, but vmax_b_frames=2 along |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
2858 with vb_strategy=1 helps. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
2859 </para></listitem> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2860 <listitem><para> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2861 <emphasis role="bold">dia</emphasis>: motion search range. Bigger is better |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2862 and slower. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
2863 Negative values are a completely different scale. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2864 Good values are -1 for a fast encode, or 2-4 for slower. |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
2865 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2866 <listitem><para> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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changeset
|
2867 <emphasis role="bold">predia</emphasis>: motion search pre-pass. |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2868 Not as important as dia. Good values are 1 (default) to 4. Requires preme=2 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2869 to really be useful. |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2870 </para></listitem> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2871 <listitem><para> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2872 <emphasis role="bold">cmp, subcmp, precmp</emphasis>: Comparison function for |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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diff
changeset
|
2873 motion estimation. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
2874 Experiment with values of 0 (default), 2 (hadamard), 3 (dct), and 6 (rate |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
2875 distortion). |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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changeset
|
2876 0 is fastest, and sufficient for precmp. |
27869 | 2877 For cmp and subcmp, 2 is good for Anime, and 3 is good for live action. |
19025
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
2878 6 may or may not be slightly better, but is slow. |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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diff
changeset
|
2879 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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diff
changeset
|
2880 <listitem><para> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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diff
changeset
|
2881 <emphasis role="bold">last_pred</emphasis>: Number of motion predictors to |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2882 take from the previous frame. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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diff
changeset
|
2883 1-3 or so help at little speed cost. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2884 Higher values are slow for no extra gain. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2885 </para></listitem> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
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diff
changeset
|
2886 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 2887 <emphasis role="bold">cbp, mv0</emphasis>: Controls the selection of |
2888 macroblocks. Small speed cost for small quality gain. | |
19025
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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changeset
|
2889 </para></listitem> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2890 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2891 <emphasis role="bold">qprd</emphasis>: adaptive quantization based on the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2892 macroblock's complexity. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2893 May help or hurt depending on the video and other options. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2894 This can cause artifacts unless you set vqmax to some reasonably small value |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2895 (6 is good, maybe as low as 4); vqmin=1 should also help. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2896 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2897 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2898 <emphasis role="bold">qns</emphasis>: very slow, especially when combined |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2899 with qprd. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2900 This option will make the encoder minimize noise due to compression |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2901 artifacts instead of making the encoded video strictly match the source. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2902 Do not use this unless you have already tweaked everything else as far as it |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2903 will go and the results still are not good enough. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2904 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2905 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2906 <emphasis role="bold">vqcomp</emphasis>: Tweak ratecontrol. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2907 What values are good depends on the movie. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2908 You can safely leave this alone if you want. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2909 Reducing vqcomp puts more bits on low-complexity scenes, increasing it puts |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2910 them on high-complexity scenes (default: 0.5, range: 0-1. recommended range: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2911 0.5-0.7). |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2912 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2913 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2914 <emphasis role="bold">vlelim, vcelim</emphasis>: Sets the single coefficient |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2915 elimination threshold for luminance and chroma planes. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2916 These are encoded separately in all MPEG-like algorithms. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2917 The idea behind these options is to use some good heuristics to determine |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2918 when the change in a block is less than the threshold you specify, and in |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2919 such a case, to just encode the block as "no change". |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2920 This saves bits and perhaps speeds up encoding. vlelim=-4 and vcelim=9 |
27869 | 2921 seem to be good for live movies, but seem not to help with Anime; |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2922 when encoding animation, you should probably leave them unchanged. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2923 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2924 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2925 <emphasis role="bold">qpel</emphasis>: Quarter pixel motion estimation. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2926 MPEG-4 uses half pixel precision for its motion search by default, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2927 therefore this option comes with an overhead as more information will be |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2928 stored in the encoded file. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2929 The compression gain/loss depends on the movie, but it is usually not very |
27869 | 2930 effective on Anime. |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2931 qpel always incurs a significant cost in CPU decode time (+25% in |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2932 practice). |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2933 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2934 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2935 <emphasis role="bold">psnr</emphasis>: does not affect the actual encoding, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2936 but writes a log file giving the type/size/quality of each frame, and |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2937 prints a summary of PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) at the end. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2938 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2939 </itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2940 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2941 <itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2942 <title>Options not recommended to play with:</title> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2943 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2944 <emphasis role="bold">vme</emphasis>: The default is best. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2945 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2946 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2947 <emphasis role="bold">lumi_mask, dark_mask</emphasis>: Psychovisual adaptive |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2948 quantization. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2949 You do not want to play with those options if you care about quality. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2950 Reasonable values may be effective in your case, but be warned this is very |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2951 subjective. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2952 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2953 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2954 <emphasis role="bold">scplx_mask</emphasis>: Tries to prevent blocky |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2955 artifacts, but postprocessing is better. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2956 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2957 </itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2958 </sect2> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2959 |
27869 | 2960 <!-- ********** --> |
2961 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2962 <sect2 id="menc-feat-mpeg4-lavc-example-settings"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2963 <title>Encoding setting examples</title> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2964 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2965 <para> |
27869 | 2966 The following settings are examples of different encoding |
2967 option combinations that affect the speed vs quality tradeoff | |
2968 at the same target bitrate. | |
2969 </para> | |
2970 | |
2971 <para> | |
2972 All the encoding settings were tested on a 720x448 @30000/1001 fps | |
2973 video sample, the target bitrate was 900kbps, and the machine was an | |
2974 AMD-64 3400+ at 2400 MHz in 64 bits mode. | |
2975 Each encoding setting features the measured encoding speed (in | |
2976 frames per second) and the PSNR loss (in dB) compared to the "very | |
2977 high quality" setting. | |
2978 Please understand that depending on your source, your machine type | |
2979 and development advancements, you may get very different results. | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2980 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2981 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2982 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2983 <informaltable frame="all"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2984 <tgroup cols="4"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2985 <thead> |
27869 | 2986 <row> |
2987 <entry>Description</entry> | |
2988 <entry>Encoding options</entry> | |
2989 <entry>speed (in fps)</entry> | |
2990 <entry>Relative PSNR loss (in dB)</entry> | |
2991 </row> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2992 </thead> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2993 <tbody> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2994 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2995 <entry>Very high quality</entry> |
27869 | 2996 <entry><option>vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:mv0:trell:v4mv:cbp:last_pred=3:predia=2:dia=2:vmax_b_frames=2:vb_strategy=1:precmp=2:cmp=2:subcmp=2:preme=2:qns=2</option></entry> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2997 <entry>6fps</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2998 <entry>0dB</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2999 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3000 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3001 <entry>High quality</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3002 <entry><option>vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:v4mv:last_pred=2:dia=-1:vmax_b_frames=2:vb_strategy=1:cmp=3:subcmp=3:precmp=0:vqcomp=0.6:turbo</option></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3003 <entry>15fps</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3004 <entry>-0.5dB</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3005 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3006 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3007 <entry>Fast</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3008 <entry><option>vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:v4mv:turbo</option></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3009 <entry>42fps</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3010 <entry>-0.74dB</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3011 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3012 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3013 <entry>Realtime</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3014 <entry><option>vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:turbo</option></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3015 <entry>54fps</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3016 <entry>-1.21dB</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3017 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3018 </tbody> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3019 </tgroup> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3020 </informaltable> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3021 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3022 </sect2> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3023 |
27869 | 3024 <!-- ********** --> |
3025 | |
3026 <sect2 id="custommatrices"> | |
3027 <title>Custom inter/intra matrices</title> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3028 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3029 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3030 With this feature of |
27869 | 3031 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3032 you are able to set custom inter (I-frames/keyframes) and intra |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3033 (P-frames/predicted frames) matrices. It is supported by many of the codecs: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3034 <systemitem>mpeg1video</systemitem> and <systemitem>mpeg2video</systemitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3035 are reported as working. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3036 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3037 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3038 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3039 A typical usage of this feature is to set the matrices preferred by the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3040 <ulink url="http://www.kvcd.net/">KVCD</ulink> specifications. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3041 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3042 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3043 <para> |
27869 | 3044 The <emphasis role="bold">KVCD "Notch" Quantization Matrix:</emphasis> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3045 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3046 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3047 <para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3048 Intra: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3049 <screen> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3050 8 9 12 22 26 27 29 34 |
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3051 9 10 14 26 27 29 34 37 |
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3052 12 14 18 27 29 34 37 38 |
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3053 22 26 27 31 36 37 38 40 |
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3054 26 27 29 36 39 38 40 48 |
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3055 27 29 34 37 38 40 48 58 |
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3056 29 34 37 38 40 48 58 69 |
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3057 34 37 38 40 48 58 69 79 |
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3058 </screen> |
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3059 |
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3060 Inter: |
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3061 <screen> |
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3062 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 |
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3063 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 |
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3064 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 |
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3065 22 24 26 30 32 32 34 36 |
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3066 24 26 28 32 34 34 36 38 |
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3067 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 |
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3068 28 30 32 34 36 38 42 42 |
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3069 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 |
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3070 </screen> |
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3071 </para> |
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3072 |
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3073 <para> |
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3074 Usage: |
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3075 <screen> |
27869 | 3076 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> -oac copy -ovc lavc \ |
3077 -lavcopts inter_matrix=...:intra_matrix=... | |
19025
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3078 </screen> |
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3079 </para> |
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3080 |
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3081 <para> |
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3082 <screen> |
27869 | 3083 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts \ |
3084 vcodec=mpeg2video:intra_matrix=8,9,12,22,26,27,29,34,9,10,14,26,27,29,34,37,\ | |
3085 12,14,18,27,29,34,37,38,22,26,27,31,36,37,38,40,26,27,29,36,39,38,40,48,27,\ | |
3086 29,34,37,38,40,48,58,29,34,37,38,40,48,58,69,34,37,38,40,48,58,69,79\ | |
3087 :inter_matrix=16,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,32,20,22,24,26,\ | |
3088 28,30,32,34,22,24,26,30,32,32,34,36,24,26,28,32,34,34,36,38,26,28,30,32,34,\ | |
19025
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3089 36,38,40,28,30,32,34,36,38,42,42,30,32,34,36,38,40,42,44 -oac copy -o svcd.mpg |
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3090 </screen> |
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3091 </para> |
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|
3092 </sect2> |
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3093 |
27869 | 3094 <!-- ********** --> |
19025
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3095 |
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3096 <sect2 id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-example"> |
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3097 <title>Example</title> |
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3098 |
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3099 <para> |
27869 | 3100 So, you have just bought your shiny new copy of Harry Potter and the Chamber |
3101 of Secrets (widescreen edition, of course), and you want to rip this DVD | |
3102 so that you can add it to your Home Theatre PC. This is a region 1 DVD, | |
3103 so it is NTSC. The example below will still apply to PAL, except you will | |
3104 omit <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option> (because the output framerate is the | |
3105 same as the input framerate), and of course the crop dimensions will be | |
3106 different. | |
3107 </para> | |
3108 | |
3109 <para> | |
3110 After running <option>mplayer dvd://1</option>, we follow the process | |
3111 detailed in the section <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine">How to deal | |
3112 with telecine and interlacing in NTSC DVDs</link> and discover that it is | |
3113 24000/1001 fps progressive video, which means that we need not use an inverse | |
3114 telecine filter, such as <option>pullup</option> or | |
3115 <option>filmdint</option>. | |
3116 </para> | |
3117 | |
3118 <para id="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-example-crop"> | |
3119 Next, we want to determine the appropriate crop rectangle, so we use the | |
3120 cropdetect filter: | |
3121 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -vf cropdetect</screen> | |
3122 Make sure you seek to a fully filled frame (such as a bright scene, | |
3123 past the opening credits and logos), and | |
3124 you will see in <application>MPlayer</application>'s console output: | |
3125 <screen>crop area: X: 0..719 Y: 57..419 (-vf crop=720:362:0:58)</screen> | |
3126 We then play the movie back with this filter to test its correctness: | |
3127 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -vf crop=720:362:0:58</screen> | |
3128 And we see that it looks perfectly fine. Next, we ensure the width and | |
3129 height are a multiple of 16. The width is fine, however the height is | |
3130 not. Since we did not fail 7th grade math, we know that the nearest | |
3131 multiple of 16 lower than 362 is 352. | |
3132 </para> | |
3133 | |
3134 <para> | |
3135 We could just use <option>crop=720:352:0:58</option>, but it would be nice | |
3136 to take a little off the top and a little off the bottom so that we | |
3137 retain the center. We have shrunk the height by 10 pixels, but we do not | |
3138 want to increase the y-offset by 5-pixels since that is an odd number and | |
3139 will adversely affect quality. Instead, we will increase the y-offset by | |
3140 4 pixels: | |
3141 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -vf crop=720:352:0:62</screen> | |
3142 Another reason to shave pixels from both the top and the bottom is that we | |
3143 ensure we have eliminated any half-black pixels if they exist. Note that if | |
3144 your video is telecined, make sure the <option>pullup</option> filter (or | |
3145 whichever inverse telecine filter you decide to use) appears in the filter | |
3146 chain before you crop. If it is interlaced, deinterlace before cropping. | |
3147 (If you choose to preserve the interlaced video, then make sure your | |
3148 vertical crop offset is a multiple of 4.) | |
3149 </para> | |
3150 | |
3151 <para> | |
3152 If you are really concerned about losing those 10 pixels, you might | |
3153 prefer instead to scale the dimensions down to the nearest multiple of 16. | |
3154 The filter chain would look like: | |
3155 <screen>-vf crop=720:362:0:58,scale=720:352</screen> | |
3156 Scaling the video down like this will mean that some small amount of | |
3157 detail is lost, though it probably will not be perceptible. Scaling up will | |
3158 result in lower quality (unless you increase the bitrate). Cropping | |
3159 discards those pixels altogether. It is a tradeoff that you will want to | |
3160 consider for each circumstance. For example, if the DVD video was made | |
3161 for television, you might want to avoid vertical scaling, since the line | |
3162 sampling corresponds to the way the content was originally recorded. | |
3163 </para> | |
3164 | |
3165 <para> | |
3166 On inspection, we see that our movie has a fair bit of action and high | |
3167 amounts of detail, so we pick 2400Kbit for our bitrate. | |
3168 </para> | |
3169 | |
3170 <para> | |
3171 We are now ready to do the two pass encode. Pass one: | |
3172 <screen> | |
3173 mencoder dvd://1 -ofps 24000/1001 -oac copy -o <replaceable>Harry_Potter_2.avi</replaceable> -ovc lavc \ | |
3174 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=2400:v4mv:mbd=2:trell:cmp=3:subcmp=3:autoaspect:vpass=1 \ | |
3175 -vf pullup,softskip,crop=720:352:0:62,hqdn3d=2:1:2 | |
3176 </screen> | |
3177 And pass two is the same, except that we specify <option>vpass=2</option>: | |
3178 <screen> | |
3179 mencoder dvd://1 -ofps 24000/1001 -oac copy -o <replaceable>Harry_Potter_2.avi</replaceable> -ovc lavc \ | |
3180 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=2400:v4mv:mbd=2:trell:cmp=3:subcmp=3:autoaspect:vpass=2 \ | |
3181 -vf pullup,softskip,crop=720:352:0:62,hqdn3d=2:1:2 | |
3182 </screen> | |
3183 </para> | |
3184 | |
3185 <para> | |
3186 The options <option>v4mv:mbd=2:trell</option> will greatly increase the | |
3187 quality at the expense of encoding time. There is little reason to leave | |
3188 these options out when the primary goal is quality. The options | |
3189 <option>cmp=3:subcmp=3</option> select a comparison function that | |
3190 yields higher quality than the defaults. You might try experimenting with | |
3191 this parameter (refer to the man page for the possible values) as | |
3192 different functions can have a large impact on quality depending on the | |
3193 source material. For example, if you find | |
3194 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> produces too much | |
3195 blocky artifacts, you could try selecting the experimental NSSE as | |
3196 comparison function via <option>*cmp=10</option>. | |
3197 </para> | |
3198 | |
3199 <para> | |
3200 For this movie, the resulting AVI will be 138 minutes long and nearly | |
3201 3GB. And because you said that file size does not matter, this is a | |
3202 perfectly acceptable size. However, if you had wanted it smaller, you | |
3203 could try a lower bitrate. Increasing bitrates have diminishing | |
3204 returns, so while we might clearly see an improvement from 1800Kbit to | |
3205 2000Kbit, it might not be so noticeable above 2000Kbit. Feel | |
3206 free to experiment until you are happy. | |
3207 </para> | |
3208 | |
3209 <para> | |
3210 Because we passed the source video through a denoise filter, you may want | |
3211 to add some of it back during playback. This, along with the | |
3212 <option>spp</option> post-processing filter, drastically improves the | |
3213 perception of quality and helps eliminate blocky artifacts in the video. | |
3214 With <application>MPlayer</application>'s <option>autoq</option> option, | |
3215 you can vary the amount of post-processing done by the spp filter | |
3216 depending on available CPU. Also, at this point, you may want to apply | |
3217 gamma and/or color correction to best suit your display. For example: | |
3218 <screen> | |
3219 mplayer <replaceable>Harry_Potter_2.avi</replaceable> -vf spp,noise=9ah:5ah,eq2=1.2 -autoq 3 | |
3220 </screen> | |
19025
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3221 </para> |
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|
3222 </sect2> |
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|
3223 </sect1> |
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|
3224 |
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3225 |
27869 | 3226 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
3227 | |
3228 | |
19025
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|
3229 <sect1 id="menc-feat-xvid"> |
27869 | 3230 <title>Encoding with the <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem> |
3231 codec</title> | |
3232 | |
3233 <para> | |
3234 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem> is a free library for | |
3235 encoding MPEG-4 ASP video streams. | |
3236 Before starting to encode, you need to <link linkend="xvid"> | |
3237 set up <application>MEncoder</application> to support it</link>. | |
3238 </para> | |
3239 | |
3240 <para> | |
3241 This guide mainly aims at featuring the same kind of information | |
3242 as x264's encoding guide. | |
3243 Therefore, please begin by reading | |
3244 <link linkend="menc-feat-x264-encoding-options-intro">the first part</link> | |
3245 of that guide. | |
3246 </para> | |
3247 | |
3248 <!-- ********** --> | |
19025
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3249 |
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3250 <sect2 id="menc-feat-xvid-intro"> |
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3251 <title>What options should I use to get the best results?</title> |
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3252 |
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3253 <para> |
27869 | 3254 Please begin by reviewing the |
3255 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem> section of | |
3256 <application>MPlayer</application>'s man page. | |
3257 This section is intended to be a supplement to the man page. | |
3258 </para> | |
3259 | |
3260 <para> | |
3261 The Xvid default settings are already a good tradeoff between | |
3262 speed and quality, therefore you can safely stick to them if | |
3263 the following section puzzles you. | |
19025
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|
3264 </para> |
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|
3265 </sect2> |
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3266 |
27869 | 3267 <!-- ********** --> |
3268 | |
19025
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3269 <sect2 id="menc-feat-xvid-encoding-options"> |
27869 | 3270 <title>Encoding options of <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem></title> |
19025
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3271 |
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|
3272 <itemizedlist> |
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|
3273 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 3274 <emphasis role="bold">vhq</emphasis> |
19025
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|
3275 This setting affects the macroblock decision algorithm, where the |
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3276 higher the setting, the wiser the decision. |
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3277 The default setting may be safely used for every encode, while |
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|
3278 higher settings always help PSNR but are significantly slower. |
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|
3279 Please note that a better PSNR does not necessarily mean |
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|
3280 that the picture will look better, but tells you that it is |
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|
3281 closer to the original. |
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|
3282 Turning it off will noticeably speed up encoding; if speed is |
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3283 critical for you, the tradeoff may be worth it. |
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|
3284 </para></listitem> |
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|
3285 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 3286 <emphasis role="bold">bvhq</emphasis> |
19025
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|
3287 This does the same job as vhq, but does it on B-frames. |
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|
3288 It has a negligible impact on speed, and slightly improves quality |
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|
3289 (around +0.1dB PSNR). |
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changeset
|
3290 </para></listitem> |
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|
3291 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 3292 <emphasis role="bold">max_bframes</emphasis> |
19025
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|
3293 A higher number of consecutive allowed B-frames usually improves |
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|
3294 compressibility, although it may also lead to more blocking artifacts. |
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|
3295 The default setting is a good tradeoff between compressibility and |
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changeset
|
3296 quality, but you may increase it up to 3 if you are bitrate-starved. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3297 You may also decrease it to 1 or 0 if you are aiming at perfect |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3298 quality, though in that case you should make sure your |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3299 target bitrate is high enough to ensure that the encoder does not |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3300 have to increase quantizers to reach it. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3301 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3302 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 3303 <emphasis role="bold">bf_threshold</emphasis> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3304 This controls the B-frame sensitivity of the encoder, where a higher |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3305 value leads to more B-frames being used (and vice versa). |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3306 This setting is to be used together with <option>max_bframes</option>; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3307 if you are bitrate-starved, you should increase both |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3308 <option>max_bframes</option> and <option>bf_threshold</option>, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3309 while you may increase <option>max_bframes</option> and reduce |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3310 <option>bf_threshold</option> so that the encoder may use more |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3311 B-frames in places that only <emphasis role="bold">really</emphasis> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3312 need them. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3313 A low number of <option>max_bframes</option> and a high value of |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3314 <option>bf_threshold</option> is probably not a wise choice as it |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3315 will force the encoder to put B-frames in places that would not |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3316 benefit from them, therefore reducing visual quality. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3317 However, if you need to be compatible with standalone players that |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3318 only support old DivX profiles (which only supports up to 1 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3319 consecutive B-frame), this would be your only way to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3320 increase compressibility through using B-frames. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3321 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3322 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 3323 <emphasis role="bold">trellis</emphasis> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3324 Optimizes the quantization process to get an optimal tradeoff |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3325 between PSNR and bitrate, which allows significant bit saving. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3326 These bits will in return be spent elsewhere on the video, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3327 raising overall visual quality. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3328 You should always leave it on as its impact on quality is huge. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3329 Even if you are looking for speed, do not disable it until you |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3330 have turned down <option>vhq</option> and all other more |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3331 CPU-hungry options to the minimum. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3332 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3333 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3334 <emphasis role="bold">hq_ac</emphasis> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3335 Activates a better coefficient cost estimation method, which slightly |
27869 | 3336 reduces file size by around 0.15 to 0.19% (which corresponds to less |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3337 than 0.01dB PSNR increase), while having a negligible impact on speed. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3338 It is therefore recommended to always leave it on. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3339 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3340 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3341 <emphasis role="bold">cartoon</emphasis> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3342 Designed to better encode cartoon content, and has no impact on |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3343 speed as it just tunes the mode decision heuristics for this type |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3344 of content. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3345 </para></listitem> |
27869 | 3346 <listitem> |
3347 <para> | |
3348 <emphasis role="bold">me_quality</emphasis> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3349 This setting is to control the precision of the motion estimation. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3350 The higher <option>me_quality</option>, the more |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3351 precise the estimation of the original motion will be, and the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3352 better the resulting clip will capture the original motion. |
27869 | 3353 </para> |
3354 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3355 The default setting is best in all cases; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3356 thus it is not recommended to turn it down unless you are |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3357 really looking for speed, as all the bits saved by a good motion |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3358 estimation would be spent elsewhere, raising overall quality. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3359 Therefore, do not go any lower than 5, and even that only as a last |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3360 resort. |
27869 | 3361 </para> |
3362 </listitem> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3363 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 3364 <emphasis role="bold">chroma_me</emphasis> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3365 Improves motion estimation by also taking the chroma (color) |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3366 information into account, whereas <option>me_quality</option> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3367 alone only uses luma (grayscale). |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3368 This slows down encoding by 5-10% but improves visual quality |
27869 | 3369 quite a bit by reducing blocking effects and reduces file size by |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3370 around 1.3%. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3371 If you are looking for speed, you should disable this option before |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3372 starting to consider reducing <option>me_quality</option>. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3373 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3374 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3375 <emphasis role="bold">chroma_opt</emphasis> |
27869 | 3376 Is intended to increase chroma image quality around pure |
3377 white/black edges, rather than improving compression. | |
3378 This can help to reduce the "red stairs" effect. | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3379 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3380 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3381 <emphasis role="bold">lumi_mask</emphasis> |
27869 | 3382 Tries to give less bitrate to part of the picture that the |
3383 human eye cannot see very well, which should allow the encoder | |
3384 to spend the saved bits on more important parts of the picture. | |
3385 The quality of the encode yielded by this option highly depends | |
3386 on personal preferences and on the type and monitor settings | |
3387 used to watch it (typically, it will not look as good if it is | |
3388 bright or if it is a TFT monitor). | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3389 </para></listitem> |
27869 | 3390 <listitem> |
3391 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3392 <emphasis role="bold">qpel</emphasis> |
27869 | 3393 Raise the number of candidate motion vectors by increasing |
3394 the precision of the motion estimation from halfpel to | |
3395 quarterpel. | |
3396 The idea is to find better motion vectors which will in return | |
3397 reduce bitrate (hence increasing quality). | |
3398 However, motion vectors with quarterpel precision require a | |
3399 few extra bits to code, but the candidate vectors do not always | |
3400 give (much) better results. | |
3401 Quite often, the codec still spends bits on the extra precision, | |
3402 but little or no extra quality is gained in return. | |
3403 Unfortunately, there is no way to foresee the possible gains of | |
3404 <option>qpel</option>, so you need to actually encode with and | |
3405 without it to know for sure. | |
3406 </para> | |
3407 <para> | |
3408 <option>qpel</option> can be almost double encoding time, and | |
3409 requires as much as 25% more processing power to decode. | |
3410 It is not supported by all standalone players. | |
3411 </para> | |
3412 </listitem> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3413 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3414 <emphasis role="bold">gmc</emphasis> |
27869 | 3415 Tries to save bits on panning scenes by using a single motion |
3416 vector for the whole frame. | |
3417 This almost always raises PSNR, but significantly slows down | |
3418 encoding (as well as decoding). | |
3419 Therefore, you should only use it when you have turned | |
3420 <option>vhq</option> to the maximum. | |
3421 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem>'s GMC is more | |
3422 sophisticated than DivX's, but is only supported by few | |
3423 standalone players. | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3424 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3425 </itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3426 </sect2> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3427 |
27869 | 3428 <!-- ********** --> |
3429 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3430 <sect2 id="menc-feat-xvid-encoding-profiles"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3431 <title>Encoding profiles</title> |
27869 | 3432 |
3433 <para> | |
3434 Xvid supports encoding profiles through the <option>profile</option> option, | |
3435 which are used to impose restrictions on the properties of the Xvid video | |
3436 stream such that it will be playable on anything which supports the | |
3437 chosen profile. | |
3438 The restrictions relate to resolutions, bitrates and certain MPEG-4 | |
3439 features. | |
3440 The following table shows what each profile supports. | |
3441 </para> | |
3442 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3443 <informaltable> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3444 <tgroup cols="16" align="center"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3445 <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3446 <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3447 <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3448 <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3449 <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3450 <colspec colnum="6" colname="col6"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3451 <colspec colnum="7" colname="col7"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3452 <colspec colnum="8" colname="col8"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3453 <colspec colnum="9" colname="col9"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3454 <colspec colnum="10" colname="col10"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3455 <colspec colnum="11" colname="col11"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3456 <colspec colnum="12" colname="col12"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3457 <colspec colnum="13" colname="col13"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3458 <colspec colnum="14" colname="col14"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3459 <colspec colnum="15" colname="col15"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3460 <colspec colnum="16" colname="col16"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3461 <colspec colnum="17" colname="col17"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3462 <spanspec spanname="spa2-5" namest="col2" nameend="col5"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3463 <spanspec spanname="spa6-11" namest="col6" nameend="col11"/> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3464 <spanspec spanname="spa12-17" namest="col12" nameend="col17"/> |
27869 | 3465 <tbody> |
3466 <row> | |
3467 <entry></entry> | |
3468 <entry spanname="spa2-5">Simple</entry> | |
3469 <entry spanname="spa6-11">Advanced Simple</entry> | |
3470 <entry spanname="spa12-17">DivX</entry> | |
3471 </row> | |
3472 <row> | |
3473 <entry>Profile name</entry> | |
3474 <entry>0</entry> | |
3475 <entry>1</entry> | |
3476 <entry>2</entry> | |
3477 <entry>3</entry> | |
3478 <entry>0</entry> | |
3479 <entry>1</entry> | |
3480 <entry>2</entry> | |
3481 <entry>3</entry> | |
3482 <entry>4</entry> | |
3483 <entry>5</entry> | |
3484 <entry>Handheld</entry> | |
3485 <entry>Portable NTSC</entry> | |
3486 <entry>Portable PAL</entry> | |
3487 <entry>Home Theater NTSC</entry> | |
3488 <entry>Home Theater PAL</entry> | |
3489 <entry>HDTV</entry> | |
3490 </row> | |
3491 <row> | |
3492 <entry>Width [pixels]</entry> | |
3493 <entry>176</entry> | |
3494 <entry>176</entry> | |
3495 <entry>352</entry> | |
3496 <entry>352</entry> | |
3497 <entry>176</entry> | |
3498 <entry>176</entry> | |
3499 <entry>352</entry> | |
3500 <entry>352</entry> | |
3501 <entry>352</entry> | |
3502 <entry>720</entry> | |
3503 <entry>176</entry> | |
3504 <entry>352</entry> | |
3505 <entry>352</entry> | |
3506 <entry>720</entry> | |
3507 <entry>720</entry> | |
3508 <entry>1280</entry> | |
3509 </row> | |
3510 <row> | |
3511 <entry>Height [pixels]</entry> | |
3512 <entry>144</entry> | |
3513 <entry>144</entry> | |
3514 <entry>288</entry> | |
3515 <entry>288</entry> | |
3516 <entry>144</entry> | |
3517 <entry>144</entry> | |
3518 <entry>288</entry> | |
3519 <entry>288</entry> | |
3520 <entry>576</entry> | |
3521 <entry>576</entry> | |
3522 <entry>144</entry> | |
3523 <entry>240</entry> | |
3524 <entry>288</entry> | |
3525 <entry>480</entry> | |
3526 <entry>576</entry> | |
3527 <entry>720</entry> | |
3528 </row> | |
3529 <row> | |
3530 <entry>Frame rate [fps]</entry> | |
3531 <entry>15</entry> | |
3532 <entry>15</entry> | |
3533 <entry>15</entry> | |
3534 <entry>15</entry> | |
3535 <entry>30</entry> | |
3536 <entry>30</entry> | |
3537 <entry>15</entry> | |
3538 <entry>30</entry> | |
3539 <entry>30</entry> | |
3540 <entry>30</entry> | |
3541 <entry>15</entry> | |
3542 <entry>30</entry> | |
3543 <entry>25</entry> | |
3544 <entry>30</entry> | |
3545 <entry>25</entry> | |
3546 <entry>30</entry> | |
3547 </row> | |
3548 <row> | |
3549 <entry>Max average bitrate [kbps]</entry> | |
3550 <entry>64</entry> | |
3551 <entry>64</entry> | |
3552 <entry>128</entry> | |
3553 <entry>384</entry> | |
3554 <entry>128</entry> | |
3555 <entry>128</entry> | |
3556 <entry>384</entry> | |
3557 <entry>768</entry> | |
3558 <entry>3000</entry> | |
3559 <entry>8000</entry> | |
3560 <entry>537.6</entry> | |
3561 <entry>4854</entry> | |
3562 <entry>4854</entry> | |
3563 <entry>4854</entry> | |
3564 <entry>4854</entry> | |
3565 <entry>9708.4</entry> | |
3566 </row> | |
3567 <row> | |
3568 <entry>Peak average bitrate over 3 secs [kbps]</entry> | |
3569 <entry></entry> | |
3570 <entry></entry> | |
3571 <entry></entry> | |
3572 <entry></entry> | |
3573 <entry></entry> | |
3574 <entry></entry> | |
3575 <entry></entry> | |
3576 <entry></entry> | |
3577 <entry></entry> | |
3578 <entry></entry> | |
3579 <entry>800</entry> | |
3580 <entry>8000</entry> | |
3581 <entry>8000</entry> | |
3582 <entry>8000</entry> | |
3583 <entry>8000</entry> | |
3584 <entry>16000</entry> | |
3585 </row> | |
3586 <row> | |
3587 <entry>Max. B-frames</entry> | |
3588 <entry>0</entry> | |
3589 <entry>0</entry> | |
3590 <entry>0</entry> | |
3591 <entry>0</entry> | |
3592 <entry></entry> | |
3593 <entry></entry> | |
3594 <entry></entry> | |
3595 <entry></entry> | |
3596 <entry></entry> | |
3597 <entry></entry> | |
3598 <entry>0</entry> | |
3599 <entry>1</entry> | |
3600 <entry>1</entry> | |
3601 <entry>1</entry> | |
3602 <entry>1</entry> | |
3603 <entry>2</entry> | |
3604 </row> | |
3605 <row> | |
3606 <entry>MPEG quantization</entry> | |
3607 <entry></entry> | |
3608 <entry></entry> | |
3609 <entry></entry> | |
3610 <entry></entry> | |
3611 <entry>X</entry> | |
3612 <entry>X</entry> | |
3613 <entry>X</entry> | |
3614 <entry>X</entry> | |
3615 <entry>X</entry> | |
3616 <entry>X</entry> | |
3617 <entry></entry> | |
3618 <entry></entry> | |
3619 <entry></entry> | |
3620 <entry></entry> | |
3621 <entry></entry> | |
3622 <entry></entry> | |
3623 </row> | |
3624 <row> | |
3625 <entry>Adaptive quantization</entry> | |
3626 <entry></entry> | |
3627 <entry></entry> | |
3628 <entry></entry> | |
3629 <entry></entry> | |
3630 <entry>X</entry> | |
3631 <entry>X</entry> | |
3632 <entry>X</entry> | |
3633 <entry>X</entry> | |
3634 <entry>X</entry> | |
3635 <entry>X</entry> | |
3636 <entry>X</entry> | |
3637 <entry>X</entry> | |
3638 <entry>X</entry> | |
3639 <entry>X</entry> | |
3640 <entry>X</entry> | |
3641 <entry>X</entry> | |
3642 </row> | |
3643 <row> | |
3644 <entry>Interlaced encoding</entry> | |
3645 <entry></entry> | |
3646 <entry></entry> | |
3647 <entry></entry> | |
3648 <entry></entry> | |
3649 <entry>X</entry> | |
3650 <entry>X</entry> | |
3651 <entry>X</entry> | |
3652 <entry>X</entry> | |
3653 <entry>X</entry> | |
3654 <entry>X</entry> | |
3655 <entry></entry> | |
3656 <entry></entry> | |
3657 <entry></entry> | |
3658 <entry>X</entry> | |
3659 <entry>X</entry> | |
3660 <entry>X</entry> | |
3661 </row> | |
3662 <row> | |
3663 <entry>Quarterpixel</entry> | |
3664 <entry></entry> | |
3665 <entry></entry> | |
3666 <entry></entry> | |
3667 <entry></entry> | |
3668 <entry>X</entry> | |
3669 <entry>X</entry> | |
3670 <entry>X</entry> | |
3671 <entry>X</entry> | |
3672 <entry>X</entry> | |
3673 <entry>X</entry> | |
3674 <entry></entry> | |
3675 <entry></entry> | |
3676 <entry></entry> | |
3677 <entry></entry> | |
3678 <entry></entry> | |
3679 <entry></entry> | |
3680 </row> | |
3681 <row> | |
3682 <entry>Global motion compensation</entry> | |
3683 <entry></entry> | |
3684 <entry></entry> | |
3685 <entry></entry> | |
3686 <entry></entry> | |
3687 <entry>X</entry> | |
3688 <entry>X</entry> | |
3689 <entry>X</entry> | |
3690 <entry>X</entry> | |
3691 <entry>X</entry> | |
3692 <entry>X</entry> | |
3693 <entry></entry> | |
3694 <entry></entry> | |
3695 <entry></entry> | |
3696 <entry></entry> | |
3697 <entry></entry> | |
3698 <entry></entry> | |
3699 </row> | |
3700 </tbody> | |
19025
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3701 </tgroup> |
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3702 </informaltable> |
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|
3703 </sect2> |
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3704 |
27869 | 3705 <!-- ********** --> |
3706 | |
19025
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3707 <sect2 id="menc-feat-xvid-example-settings"> |
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3708 <title>Encoding setting examples</title> |
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3709 |
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3710 <para> |
27869 | 3711 The following settings are examples of different encoding |
3712 option combinations that affect the speed vs quality tradeoff | |
3713 at the same target bitrate. | |
3714 </para> | |
3715 | |
3716 <para> | |
3717 All the encoding settings were tested on a 720x448 @30000/1001 fps | |
3718 video sample, the target bitrate was 900kbps, and the machine was an | |
3719 AMD-64 3400+ at 2400 MHz in 64 bits mode. | |
3720 Each encoding setting features the measured encoding speed (in | |
3721 frames per second) and the PSNR loss (in dB) compared to the "very | |
3722 high quality" setting. | |
3723 Please understand that depending on your source, your machine type | |
3724 and development advancements, you may get very different results. | |
3725 </para> | |
3726 | |
19025
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3727 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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3728 <tgroup cols="4"> |
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3729 <thead> |
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3730 <row><entry>Description</entry><entry>Encoding options</entry><entry>speed (in fps)</entry><entry>Relative PSNR loss (in dB)</entry></row> |
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3731 </thead> |
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3732 <tbody> |
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3733 <row> |
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3734 <entry>Very high quality</entry> |
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3735 <entry><option>chroma_opt:vhq=4:bvhq=1:quant_type=mpeg</option></entry> |
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3736 <entry>16fps</entry> |
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3737 <entry>0dB</entry> |
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3738 </row> |
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3739 <row> |
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3740 <entry>High quality</entry> |
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3741 <entry><option>vhq=2:bvhq=1:chroma_opt:quant_type=mpeg</option></entry> |
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3742 <entry>18fps</entry> |
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3743 <entry>-0.1dB</entry> |
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3744 </row> |
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3745 <row> |
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3746 <entry>Fast</entry> |
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3747 <entry><option>turbo:vhq=0</option></entry> |
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3748 <entry>28fps</entry> |
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3749 <entry>-0.69dB</entry> |
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3750 </row> |
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3751 <row> |
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3752 <entry>Realtime</entry> |
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3753 <entry><option>turbo:nochroma_me:notrellis:max_bframes=0:vhq=0</option></entry> |
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3754 <entry>38fps</entry> |
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3755 <entry>-1.48dB</entry> |
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3756 </row> |
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3757 </tbody> |
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3758 </tgroup> |
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3759 </informaltable> |
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|
3760 </sect2> |
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3761 </sect1> |
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3762 |
27869 | 3763 |
3764 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
3765 | |
3766 | |
19025
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3767 <sect1 id="menc-feat-x264"> |
27869 | 3768 <title>Encoding with the |
3769 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> codec</title> | |
3770 | |
3771 <para> | |
3772 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> is a free library for | |
3773 encoding H.264/AVC video streams. | |
3774 Before starting to encode, you need to | |
3775 <link linkend="codec-x264">set up <application>MEncoder</application> to support it</link>. | |
3776 </para> | |
3777 | |
3778 <!-- ********** --> | |
19025
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3779 |
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3780 <sect2 id="menc-feat-x264-encoding-options"> |
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3781 <title>Encoding options of x264</title> |
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3782 |
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3783 <para> |
27869 | 3784 Please begin by reviewing the |
3785 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> section of | |
3786 <application>MPlayer</application>'s man page. | |
3787 This section is intended to be a supplement to the man page. | |
3788 Here you will find quick hints about which options are most | |
3789 likely to interest most people. The man page is more terse, | |
3790 but also more exhaustive, and it sometimes offers much better | |
3791 technical detail. | |
3792 </para> | |
3793 | |
19025
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3794 |
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3795 <sect3 id="menc-feat-x264-encoding-options-intro"> |
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3796 <title>Introduction</title> |
27869 | 3797 |
3798 <para> | |
3799 This guide considers two major categories of encoding options: | |
3800 </para> | |
19025
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3801 |
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3802 <orderedlist> |
27869 | 3803 <listitem><para> |
3804 Options which mainly trade off encoding time vs. quality | |
3805 </para></listitem> | |
3806 <listitem><para> | |
3807 Options which may be useful for fulfilling various personal | |
3808 preferences and special requirements | |
3809 </para></listitem> | |
19025
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3810 </orderedlist> |
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3811 |
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3812 <para> |
27869 | 3813 Ultimately, only you can decide which options are best for your |
3814 purposes. The decision for the first class of options is the simplest: | |
3815 you only have to decide whether you think the quality differences | |
3816 justify the speed differences. For the second class of options, | |
3817 preferences may be far more subjective, and more factors may be | |
3818 involved. Note that some of the "personal preferences and special | |
3819 requirements" options can still have large impacts on speed or quality, | |
3820 but that is not what they are primarily useful for. A couple of the | |
3821 "personal preference" options may even cause changes that look better | |
3822 to some people, but look worse to others. | |
3823 </para> | |
3824 | |
3825 <para> | |
3826 Before continuing, you need to understand that this guide uses only one | |
3827 quality metric: global PSNR. | |
3828 For a brief explanation of what PSNR is, see | |
3829 <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSNR">the Wikipedia article on PSNR</ulink>. | |
3830 Global PSNR is the last PSNR number reported when you include | |
3831 the <option>psnr</option> option in <option>x264encopts</option>. | |
3832 Any time you read a claim about PSNR, one of the assumptions | |
3833 behind the claim is that equal bitrates are used. | |
3834 </para> | |
3835 | |
3836 <para> | |
3837 Nearly all of this guide's comments assume you are using two pass. | |
3838 When comparing options, there are two major reasons for using | |
3839 two pass encoding. | |
3840 First, using two pass often gains around 1dB PSNR, which is a | |
3841 very big difference. | |
3842 Secondly, testing options by doing direct quality comparisons | |
3843 with one pass encodes introduces a major confounding | |
3844 factor: bitrate often varies significantly with each encode. | |
3845 It is not always easy to tell whether quality changes are due | |
3846 mainly to changed options, or if they mostly reflect essentially | |
3847 random differences in the achieved bitrate. | |
3848 </para> | |
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3849 </sect3> |
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3850 |
27869 | 3851 |
19025
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3852 <sect3 id="menc-feat-x264-encoding-options-speedvquality"> |
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3853 <title>Options which primarily affect speed and quality</title> |
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3854 |
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3855 <itemizedlist> |
27869 | 3856 <listitem> |
3857 <para> | |
19025
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|
3858 <emphasis role="bold">subq</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3859 Of the options which allow you to trade off speed for quality, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3860 <option>subq</option> and <option>frameref</option> (see below) are usually |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3861 by far the most important. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3862 If you are interested in tweaking either speed or quality, these |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3863 are the first options you should consider. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3864 On the speed dimension, the <option>frameref</option> and |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3865 <option>subq</option> options interact with each other fairly |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3866 strongly. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3867 Experience shows that, with one reference frame, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3868 <option>subq=5</option> (the default setting) takes about 35% more time than |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3869 <option>subq=1</option>. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3870 With 6 reference frames, the penalty grows to over 60%. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3871 <option>subq</option>'s effect on PSNR seems fairly constant |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3872 regardless of the number of reference frames. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3873 Typically, <option>subq=5</option> achieves 0.2-0.5 dB higher global |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3874 PSNR in comparison <option>subq=1</option>. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3875 This is usually enough to be visible. |
27869 | 3876 </para> |
3877 <para> | |
3878 <option>subq=6</option> is slower and yields better quality at a reasonable | |
3879 cost. | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3880 In comparison to <option>subq=5</option>, it usually gains 0.1-0.4 dB |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3881 global PSNR with speed costs varying from 25%-100%. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3882 Unlike other levels of <option>subq</option>, the behavior of |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3883 <option>subq=6</option> does not depend much on <option>frameref</option> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3884 and <option>me</option>. Instead, the effectiveness of <option>subq=6 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3885 </option> depends mostly upon the number of B-frames used. In normal |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3886 usage, this means <option>subq=6</option> has a large impact on both speed |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3887 and quality in complex, high motion scenes, but it may not have much effect |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3888 in low-motion scenes. Note that it is still recommended to always set |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3889 <option>bframes</option> to something other than zero (see below). |
27869 | 3890 </para> |
3891 <para> | |
3892 <option>subq=7</option> is the slowest, highest quality mode. | |
3893 In comparison to <option>subq=6</option>, it usually gains 0.01-0.05 dB | |
3894 global PSNR with speed costs varying from 15%-33%. | |
3895 Since the tradeoff encoding time vs. quality is quite low, you should | |
3896 only use it if you are after every bit saving and if encoding time is | |
3897 not an issue. | |
3898 </para> | |
3899 </listitem> | |
3900 <listitem> | |
3901 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3902 <emphasis role="bold">frameref</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3903 <option>frameref</option> is set to 1 by default, but this |
27869 | 3904 should not be taken to imply that it is reasonable to set it to 1. |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3905 Merely raising <option>frameref</option> to 2 gains around |
27869 | 3906 0.15dB PSNR with a 5-10% speed penalty; this seems like a good tradeoff. |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3907 <option>frameref=3</option> gains around 0.25dB PSNR over |
27869 | 3908 <option>frameref=1</option>, which should be a visible difference. |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3909 <option>frameref=3</option> is around 15% slower than |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3910 <option>frameref=1</option>. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3911 Unfortunately, diminishing returns set in rapidly. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3912 <option>frameref=6</option> can be expected to gain only |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3913 0.05-0.1 dB over <option>frameref=3</option> at an additional |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3914 15% speed penalty. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3915 Above <option>frameref=6</option>, the quality gains are |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3916 usually very small (although you should keep in mind throughout |
27869 | 3917 this whole discussion that it can vary quite a lot depending on your source). |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3918 In a fairly typical case, <option>frameref=12</option> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3919 will improve global PSNR by a tiny 0.02dB over |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3920 <option>frameref=6</option>, at a speed cost of 15%-20%. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3921 At such high <option>frameref</option> values, the only really |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3922 good thing that can be said is that increasing it even further will |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3923 almost certainly never <emphasis role="bold">harm</emphasis> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3924 PSNR, but the additional quality benefits are barely even |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3925 measurable, let alone perceptible. |
27869 | 3926 </para> |
3927 <note><title>Note:</title> | |
3928 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3929 Raising <option>frameref</option> to unnecessarily high values |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3930 <emphasis role="bold">can</emphasis> and |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3931 <emphasis role="bold">usually does</emphasis> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3932 hurt coding efficiency if you turn CABAC off. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3933 With CABAC on (the default behavior), the possibility of setting |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3934 <option>frameref</option> "too high" currently seems too remote |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3935 to even worry about, and in the future, optimizations may remove |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3936 the possibility altogether. |
27869 | 3937 </para></note> |
3938 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3939 If you care about speed, a reasonable compromise is to use low |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3940 <option>subq</option> and <option>frameref</option> values on |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3941 the first pass, and then raise them on the second pass. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3942 Typically, this has a negligible negative effect on the final |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3943 quality: You will probably lose well under 0.1dB PSNR, which |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3944 should be much too small of a difference to see. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3945 However, different values of <option>frameref</option> can |
27869 | 3946 occasionally affect frame type decision. |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3947 Most likely, these are rare outlying cases, but if you want to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3948 be pretty sure, consider whether your video has either |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3949 fullscreen repetitive flashing patterns or very large temporary |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3950 occlusions which might force an I-frame. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3951 Adjust the first-pass <option>frameref</option> so it is large |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3952 enough to contain the duration of the flashing cycle (or occlusion). |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3953 For example, if the scene flashes back and forth between two images |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3954 over a duration of three frames, set the first pass |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3955 <option>frameref</option> to 3 or higher. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3956 This issue is probably extremely rare in live action video material, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3957 but it does sometimes come up in video game captures. |
27869 | 3958 </para> |
3959 </listitem> | |
3960 <listitem> | |
3961 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3962 <emphasis role="bold">me</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3963 This option is for choosing the motion estimation search method. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3964 Altering this option provides a straightforward quality-vs-speed |
27869 | 3965 tradeoff. <option>me=dia</option> is only a few percent faster than |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3966 the default search, at a cost of under 0.1dB global PSNR. The |
27869 | 3967 default setting (<option>me=hex</option>) is a reasonable tradeoff |
3968 between speed and quality. <option>me=umh</option> gains a little under | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3969 0.1dB global PSNR, with a speed penalty that varies depending on |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3970 <option>frameref</option>. At high values of |
27869 | 3971 <option>frameref</option> (e.g. 12 or so), <option>me=umh</option> |
3972 is about 40% slower than the default <option> me=hex</option>. With | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3973 <option>frameref=3</option>, the speed penalty incurred drops to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3974 25%-30%. |
27869 | 3975 </para> |
3976 <para> | |
3977 <option>me=esa</option> uses an exhaustive search that is too slow for | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3978 practical use. |
27869 | 3979 </para> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3980 </listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3981 <listitem><para> |
27869 | 3982 <emphasis role="bold">partitions=all</emphasis>: |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3983 This option enables the use of 8x4, 4x8 and 4x4 subpartitions in |
27869 | 3984 predicted macroblocks (in addition to the default partitions). |
3985 Enabling it results in a fairly consistent | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3986 10%-15% loss of speed. This option is rather useless in source |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3987 containing only low motion, however in some high-motion source, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3988 particularly source with lots of small moving objects, gains of |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3989 about 0.1dB can be expected. |
27869 | 3990 </para></listitem> |
3991 <listitem> | |
3992 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3993 <emphasis role="bold">bframes</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3994 If you are used to encoding with other codecs, you may have found |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3995 that B-frames are not always useful. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3996 In H.264, this has changed: there are new techniques and block |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3997 types that are possible in B-frames. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3998 Usually, even a naive B-frame choice algorithm can have a |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
3999 significant PSNR benefit. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4000 It is interesting to note that using B-frames usually speeds up |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4001 the second pass somewhat, and may also speed up a single |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4002 pass encode if adaptive B-frame decision is turned off. |
27869 | 4003 </para> |
4004 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4005 With adaptive B-frame decision turned off |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4006 (<option>x264encopts</option>'s <option>nob_adapt</option>), |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4007 the optimal value for this setting is usually no more than |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4008 <option>bframes=1</option>, or else high-motion scenes can suffer. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4009 With adaptive B-frame decision on (the default behavior), it is |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4010 safe to use higher values; the encoder will reduce the use of |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4011 B-frames in scenes where they would hurt compression. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4012 The encoder rarely chooses to use more than 3 or 4 B-frames; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4013 setting this option any higher will have little effect. |
27869 | 4014 </para> |
4015 </listitem> | |
4016 <listitem> | |
4017 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4018 <emphasis role="bold">b_adapt</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4019 Note: This is on by default. |
27869 | 4020 </para> |
4021 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4022 With this option enabled, the encoder will use a reasonably fast |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4023 decision process to reduce the number of B-frames used in scenes that |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4024 might not benefit from them as much. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4025 You can use <option>b_bias</option> to tweak how B-frame-happy |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4026 the encoder is. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4027 The speed penalty of adaptive B-frames is currently rather modest, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4028 but so is the potential quality gain. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4029 It usually does not hurt, however. |
27869 | 4030 Note that this only affects speed and frame type decision on the |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4031 first pass. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4032 <option>b_adapt</option> and <option>b_bias</option> have no |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4033 effect on subsequent passes. |
27869 | 4034 </para> |
4035 </listitem> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4036 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4037 <emphasis role="bold">b_pyramid</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4038 You might as well enable this option if you are using >=2 B-frames; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4039 as the man page says, you get a little quality improvement at no |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4040 speed cost. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4041 Note that these videos cannot be read by libavcodec-based decoders |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4042 older than about March 5, 2005. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4043 </para></listitem> |
27869 | 4044 <listitem> |
4045 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4046 <emphasis role="bold">weight_b</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4047 In typical cases, there is not much gain with this option. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4048 However, in crossfades or fade-to-black scenes, weighted |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4049 prediction gives rather large bitrate savings. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4050 In MPEG-4 ASP, a fade-to-black is usually best coded as a series |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4051 of expensive I-frames; using weighted prediction in B-frames |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4052 makes it possible to turn at least some of these into much smaller |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4053 B-frames. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4054 Encoding time cost is minimal, as no extra decisions need to be made. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4055 Also, contrary to what some people seem to guess, the decoder |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4056 CPU requirements are not much affected by weighted prediction, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4057 all else being equal. |
27869 | 4058 </para> |
4059 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4060 Unfortunately, the current adaptive B-frame decision algorithm |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4061 has a strong tendency to avoid B-frames during fades. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4062 Until this changes, it may be a good idea to add |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4063 <option>nob_adapt</option> to your x264encopts, if you expect |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4064 fades to have a large effect in your particular video |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4065 clip. |
27869 | 4066 </para> |
4067 </listitem> | |
4068 <listitem id="menc-feat-x264-encoding-options-speedvquality-threads"> | |
4069 <para> | |
4070 <emphasis role="bold">threads</emphasis>: | |
4071 This option allows to spawn threads to encode in parallel on multiple CPUs. | |
4072 You can manually select the number of threads to be created or, better, set | |
4073 <option>threads=auto</option> and let | |
4074 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> detect how many CPUs are | |
4075 available and pick an appropriate number of threads. | |
4076 If you have a multi-processor machine, you should really consider using it | |
4077 as it can to increase encoding speed linearly with the number of CPU cores | |
4078 (about 94% per CPU core), with very little quality reduction (about 0.005dB | |
4079 for dual processor, about 0.01dB for a quad processor machine). | |
4080 </para> | |
4081 </listitem> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4082 </itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4083 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4084 |
27869 | 4085 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4086 <sect3 id="menc-feat-x264-encoding-options-misc-preferences"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4087 <title>Options pertaining to miscellaneous preferences</title> |
27869 | 4088 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4089 <itemizedlist> |
27869 | 4090 <listitem> |
4091 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4092 <emphasis role="bold">Two pass encoding</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4093 Above, it was suggested to always use two pass encoding, but there |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4094 are still reasons for not using it. For instance, if you are capturing |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4095 live TV and encoding in realtime, you are forced to use single-pass. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4096 Also, one pass is obviously faster than two passes; if you use the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4097 exact same set of options on both passes, two pass encoding is almost |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4098 twice as slow. |
27869 | 4099 </para> |
4100 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4101 Still, there are very good reasons for using two pass encoding. For |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4102 one thing, single pass ratecontrol is not psychic, and it often makes |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4103 unreasonable choices because it cannot see the big picture. For example, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4104 suppose you have a two minute long video consisting of two distinct |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4105 halves. The first half is a very high-motion scene lasting 60 seconds |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4106 which, in isolation, requires about 2500kbps in order to look decent. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4107 Immediately following it is a much less demanding 60-second scene |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4108 that looks good at 300kbps. Suppose you ask for 1400kbps on the theory |
27869 | 4109 that this is enough to accommodate both scenes. Single pass ratecontrol |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4110 will make a couple of "mistakes" in such a case. First of all, it |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4111 will target 1400kbps in both segments. The first segment may end up |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4112 heavily overquantized, causing it to look unacceptably and unreasonably |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4113 blocky. The second segment will be heavily underquantized; it may look |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4114 perfect, but the bitrate cost of that perfection will be completely |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4115 unreasonable. What is even harder to avoid is the problem at the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4116 transition between the two scenes. The first seconds of the low motion |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4117 half will be hugely over-quantized, because the ratecontrol is still |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4118 expecting the kind of bitrate requirements it met in the first half |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4119 of the video. This "error period" of heavily over-quantized low motion |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4120 will look jarringly bad, and will actually use less than the 300kbps |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4121 it would have taken to make it look decent. There are ways to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4122 mitigate the pitfalls of single-pass encoding, but they may tend to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4123 increase bitrate misprediction. |
27869 | 4124 </para> |
4125 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4126 Multipass ratecontrol can offer huge advantages over a single pass. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4127 Using the statistics gathered from the first pass encode, the encoder |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4128 can estimate, with reasonable accuracy, the "cost" (in bits) of |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4129 encoding any given frame, at any given quantizer. This allows for |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4130 a much more rational, better planned allocation of bits between the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4131 expensive (high-motion) and cheap (low-motion) scenes. See |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4132 <option>qcomp</option> below for some ideas on how to tweak this |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4133 allocation to your liking. |
27869 | 4134 </para> |
4135 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4136 Moreover, two passes need not take twice as long as one pass. You can |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4137 tweak the options in the first pass for higher speed and lower quality. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4138 If you choose your options well, you can get a very fast first pass. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4139 The resulting quality in the second pass will be slightly lower because size |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4140 prediction is less accurate, but the quality difference is normally much |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4141 too small to be visible. Try, for example, adding |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4142 <option>subq=1:frameref=1</option> to the first pass |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4143 <option>x264encopts</option>. Then, on the second pass, use slower, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4144 higher-quality options: |
27869 | 4145 <option>subq=6:frameref=15:partitions=all:me=umh</option> |
4146 </para> | |
4147 </listitem> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4148 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4149 <emphasis role="bold">Three pass encoding</emphasis>? |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4150 x264 offers the ability to make an arbitrary number of consecutive |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4151 passes. If you specify <option>pass=1</option> on the first pass, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4152 then use <option>pass=3</option> on a subsequent pass, the subsequent |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4153 pass will both read the statistics from the previous pass, and write |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4154 its own statistics. An additional pass following this one will have |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4155 a very good base from which to make highly accurate predictions of |
27869 | 4156 frame sizes at a chosen quantizer. In practice, the overall quality |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4157 gain from this is usually close to zero, and quite possibly a third |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4158 pass will result in slightly worse global PSNR than the pass before |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4159 it. In typical usage, three passes help if you get either bad bitrate |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4160 prediction or bad looking scene transitions when using only two passes. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4161 This is somewhat likely to happen on extremely short clips. There are |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4162 also a few special cases in which three (or more) passes are handy |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4163 for advanced users, but for brevity, this guide omits discussing those |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4164 special cases. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4165 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4166 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4167 <emphasis role="bold">qcomp</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4168 <option>qcomp</option> trades off the number of bits allocated |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4169 to "expensive" high-motion versus "cheap" low-motion frames. At |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4170 one extreme, <option>qcomp=0</option> aims for true constant |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4171 bitrate. Typically this would make high-motion scenes look completely |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4172 awful, while low-motion scenes would probably look absolutely |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4173 perfect, but would also use many times more bitrate than they |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4174 would need in order to look merely excellent. At the other extreme, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4175 <option>qcomp=1</option> achieves nearly constant quantization parameter |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4176 (QP). Constant QP does not look bad, but most people think it is more |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4177 reasonable to shave some bitrate off of the extremely expensive scenes |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4178 (where the loss of quality is not as noticeable) and reallocate it to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4179 the scenes that are easier to encode at excellent quality. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4180 <option>qcomp</option> is set to 0.6 by default, which may be slightly |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4181 low for many peoples' taste (0.7-0.8 are also commonly used). |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4182 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4183 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4184 <emphasis role="bold">keyint</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4185 <option>keyint</option> is solely for trading off file seekability against |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4186 coding efficiency. By default, <option>keyint</option> is set to 250. In |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4187 25fps material, this guarantees the ability to seek to within 10 seconds |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4188 precision. If you think it would be important and useful to be able to |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4189 seek within 5 seconds of precision, set <option>keyint=125</option>; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4190 this will hurt quality/bitrate slightly. If you care only about quality |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4191 and not about seekability, you can set it to much higher values |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4192 (understanding that there are diminishing returns which may become |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4193 vanishingly low, or even zero). The video stream will still have seekable |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4194 points as long as there are some scene changes. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4195 </para></listitem> |
27869 | 4196 <listitem> |
4197 <para> | |
4198 <emphasis role="bold">deblock</emphasis>: | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4199 This topic is going to be a bit controversial. |
27869 | 4200 </para> |
4201 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4202 H.264 defines a simple deblocking procedure on I-blocks that uses |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4203 pre-set strengths and thresholds depending on the QP of the block |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4204 in question. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4205 By default, high QP blocks are filtered heavily, and low QP blocks |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4206 are not deblocked at all. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4207 The pre-set strengths defined by the standard are well-chosen and |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4208 the odds are very good that they are PSNR-optimal for whatever |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4209 video you are trying to encode. |
27869 | 4210 The <option>deblock</option> allow you to specify offsets to the preset |
4211 deblocking thresholds. | |
4212 </para> | |
4213 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4214 Many people seem to think it is a good idea to lower the deblocking |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4215 filter strength by large amounts (say, -3). |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4216 This is however almost never a good idea, and in most cases, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4217 people who are doing this do not understand very well how |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4218 deblocking works by default. |
27869 | 4219 </para> |
4220 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4221 The first and most important thing to know about the in-loop |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4222 deblocking filter is that the default thresholds are almost always |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4223 PSNR-optimal. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4224 In the rare cases that they are not optimal, the ideal offset is |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4225 plus or minus 1. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4226 Adjusting deblocking parameters by a larger amount is almost |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4227 guaranteed to hurt PSNR. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4228 Strengthening the filter will smear more details; weakening the |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4229 filter will increase the appearance of blockiness. |
27869 | 4230 </para> |
4231 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4232 It is definitely a bad idea to lower the deblocking thresholds if |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4233 your source is mainly low in spacial complexity (i.e., not a lot |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4234 of detail or noise). |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4235 The in-loop filter does a rather excellent job of concealing |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4236 the artifacts that occur. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4237 If the source is high in spacial complexity, however, artifacts |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4238 are less noticeable. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4239 This is because the ringing tends to look like detail or noise. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4240 Human visual perception easily notices when detail is removed, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4241 but it does not so easily notice when the noise is wrongly |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4242 represented. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4243 When it comes to subjective quality, noise and detail are somewhat |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4244 interchangeable. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4245 By lowering the deblocking filter strength, you are most likely |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4246 increasing error by adding ringing artifacts, but the eye does |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4247 not notice because it confuses the artifacts with detail. |
27869 | 4248 </para> |
4249 <para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4250 This <emphasis role="bold">still</emphasis> does not justify |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4251 lowering the deblocking filter strength, however. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4252 You can generally get better quality noise from postprocessing. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4253 If your H.264 encodes look too blurry or smeared, try playing with |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4254 <option>-vf noise</option> when you play your encoded movie. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4255 <option>-vf noise=8a:4a</option> should conceal most mild |
27869 | 4256 artifacts. |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4257 It will almost certainly look better than the results you |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4258 would have gotten just by fiddling with the deblocking filter. |
27869 | 4259 </para> |
4260 </listitem> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4261 </itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4262 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4263 </sect2> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4264 |
27869 | 4265 <!-- ********** --> |
4266 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4267 <sect2 id="menc-feat-x264-example-settings"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4268 <title>Encoding setting examples</title> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4269 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4270 <para> |
27869 | 4271 The following settings are examples of different encoding |
4272 option combinations that affect the speed vs quality tradeoff | |
4273 at the same target bitrate. | |
4274 </para> | |
4275 | |
4276 <para> | |
4277 All the encoding settings were tested on a 720x448 @30000/1001 fps | |
4278 video sample, the target bitrate was 900kbps, and the machine was an | |
4279 AMD-64 3400+ at 2400 MHz in 64 bits mode. | |
4280 Each encoding setting features the measured encoding speed (in | |
4281 frames per second) and the PSNR loss (in dB) compared to the "very | |
4282 high quality" setting. | |
4283 Please understand that depending on your source, your machine type | |
4284 and development advancements, you may get very different results. | |
4285 </para> | |
4286 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4287 <informaltable frame="all"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4288 <tgroup cols="4"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4289 <thead> |
27869 | 4290 <row> |
4291 <entry>Description</entry> | |
4292 <entry>Encoding options</entry> | |
4293 <entry>speed (in fps)</entry> | |
4294 <entry>Relative PSNR loss (in dB)</entry> | |
4295 </row> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4296 </thead> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4297 <tbody> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4298 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4299 <entry>Very high quality</entry> |
27869 | 4300 <entry><option>subq=6:partitions=all:8x8dct:me=umh:frameref=5:bframes=3:b_pyramid:weight_b</option></entry> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4301 <entry>6fps</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4302 <entry>0dB</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4303 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4304 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4305 <entry>High quality</entry> |
27869 | 4306 <entry><option>subq=5:8x8dct:frameref=2:bframes=3:b_pyramid:weight_b</option></entry> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4307 <entry>13fps</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4308 <entry>-0.89dB</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4309 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4310 <row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4311 <entry>Fast</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4312 <entry><option>subq=4:bframes=2:b_pyramid:weight_b</option></entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4313 <entry>17fps</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4314 <entry>-1.48dB</entry> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4315 </row> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4316 </tbody> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4317 </tgroup> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
4318 </informaltable> |
27869 | 4319 </sect2> |
4320 </sect1> | |
4321 | |
4322 | |
4323 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
4324 | |
4325 | |
4326 <sect1 id="menc-feat-video-for-windows"> | |
4327 <title> | |
4328 Encoding with the <systemitem class="library">Video For Windows</systemitem> | |
4329 codec family | |
4330 </title> | |
4331 | |
4332 <para> | |
4333 Video for Windows provides simple encoding by means of binary video codecs. | |
4334 You can encode with the following codecs (if you have more, please tell us!) | |
4335 </para> | |
4336 | |
4337 <para> | |
4338 Note that support for this is very experimental and some codecs may not work | |
4339 correctly. Some codecs will only work in certain colorspaces, try | |
4340 <option>-vf format=bgr24</option> and <option>-vf format=yuy2</option> | |
4341 if a codec fails or gives wrong output. | |
4342 </para> | |
4343 | |
4344 <!-- ********** --> | |
4345 | |
4346 <sect2 id="menc-feat-enc-vfw-video-codecs"> | |
4347 <title>Video for Windows supported codecs</title> | |
4348 | |
4349 <para> | |
4350 <informaltable frame="all"> | |
4351 <tgroup cols="4"> | |
4352 <thead> | |
4353 <row> | |
4354 <entry>Video codec file name</entry> | |
4355 <entry>Description (FourCC)</entry> | |
4356 <entry>md5sum</entry> | |
4357 <entry>Comment</entry> | |
4358 </row> | |
4359 </thead> | |
4360 <tbody> | |
4361 <row> | |
4362 <entry>aslcodec_vfw.dll</entry> | |
4363 <entry>Alparysoft lossless codec vfw (ASLC)</entry> | |
4364 <entry>608af234a6ea4d90cdc7246af5f3f29a</entry> | |
4365 <entry></entry> | |
4366 </row> | |
4367 <row> | |
4368 <entry>avimszh.dll</entry> | |
4369 <entry>AVImszh (MSZH)</entry> | |
4370 <entry>253118fe1eedea04a95ed6e5f4c28878</entry> | |
4371 <entry>needs <option>-vf format</option></entry> | |
4372 </row> | |
4373 <row> | |
4374 <entry>avizlib.dll</entry> | |
4375 <entry>AVIzlib (ZLIB)</entry> | |
4376 <entry>2f1cc76bbcf6d77d40d0e23392fa8eda</entry> | |
4377 <entry></entry> | |
4378 </row> | |
4379 <row> | |
4380 <entry>divx.dll</entry> | |
4381 <entry>DivX4Windows-VFW</entry> | |
4382 <entry>acf35b2fc004a89c829531555d73f1e6</entry> | |
4383 <entry></entry> | |
4384 </row> | |
4385 <row> | |
4386 <entry>huffyuv.dll</entry> | |
4387 <entry>HuffYUV (lossless) (HFYU)</entry> | |
4388 <entry>b74695b50230be4a6ef2c4293a58ac3b</entry> | |
4389 <entry></entry> | |
4390 </row> | |
4391 <row> | |
4392 <entry>iccvid.dll</entry> | |
4393 <entry>Cinepak Video (cvid)</entry> | |
4394 <entry>cb3b7ee47ba7dbb3d23d34e274895133</entry> | |
4395 <entry></entry> | |
4396 </row> | |
4397 <row> | |
4398 <entry>icmw_32.dll</entry> | |
4399 <entry>Motion Wavelets (MWV1)</entry> | |
4400 <entry>c9618a8fc73ce219ba918e3e09e227f2</entry> | |
4401 <entry></entry> | |
4402 </row> | |
4403 <row> | |
4404 <entry>jp2avi.dll</entry> | |
4405 <entry>ImagePower MJPEG2000 (IPJ2)</entry> | |
4406 <entry>d860a11766da0d0ea064672c6833768b</entry> | |
4407 <entry><option>-vf flip</option></entry> | |
4408 </row> | |
4409 <row> | |
4410 <entry>m3jp2k32.dll</entry> | |
4411 <entry>Morgan MJPEG2000 (MJ2C)</entry> | |
4412 <entry>f3c174edcbaef7cb947d6357cdfde7ff</entry> | |
4413 <entry></entry> | |
4414 </row> | |
4415 <row> | |
4416 <entry>m3jpeg32.dll</entry> | |
4417 <entry>Morgan Motion JPEG Codec (MJPEG)</entry> | |
4418 <entry>1cd13fff5960aa2aae43790242c323b1</entry> | |
4419 <entry></entry> | |
4420 </row> | |
4421 <row> | |
4422 <entry>mpg4c32.dll</entry> | |
4423 <entry>Microsoft MPEG-4 v1/v2</entry> | |
4424 <entry>b5791ea23f33010d37ab8314681f1256</entry> | |
4425 <entry></entry> | |
4426 </row> | |
4427 <row> | |
4428 <entry>tsccvid.dll</entry> | |
4429 <entry>TechSmith Camtasia Screen Codec (TSCC)</entry> | |
4430 <entry>8230d8560c41d444f249802a2700d1d5</entry> | |
4431 <entry>shareware error on windows</entry> | |
4432 </row> | |
4433 <row> | |
4434 <entry>vp31vfw.dll</entry> | |
4435 <entry>On2 Open Source VP3 Codec (VP31)</entry> | |
4436 <entry>845f3590ea489e2e45e876ab107ee7d2</entry> | |
4437 <entry></entry> | |
4438 </row> | |
4439 <row> | |
4440 <entry>vp4vfw.dll</entry> | |
4441 <entry>On2 VP4 Personal Codec (VP40)</entry> | |
4442 <entry>fc5480a482ccc594c2898dcc4188b58f</entry> | |
4443 <entry></entry> | |
4444 </row> | |
4445 <row> | |
4446 <entry>vp6vfw.dll</entry> | |
4447 <entry>On2 VP6 Personal Codec (VP60)</entry> | |
4448 <entry>04d635a364243013898fd09484f913fb</entry> | |
4449 <entry></entry> | |
4450 </row> | |
4451 <row> | |
4452 <entry>vp7vfw.dll</entry> | |
4453 <entry>On2 VP7 Personal Codec (VP70)</entry> | |
4454 <entry>cb4cc3d4ea7c94a35f1d81c3d750bc8d</entry> | |
4455 <entry><option>-ffourcc VP70</option></entry> | |
4456 </row> | |
4457 <row> | |
4458 <entry>ViVD2.dll</entry> | |
4459 <entry>SoftMedia ViVD V2 codec VfW (GXVE)</entry> | |
4460 <entry>a7b4bf5cac630bb9262c3f80d8a773a1</entry> | |
4461 <entry></entry> | |
4462 </row> | |
4463 <row> | |
4464 <entry>msulvc06.DLL</entry> | |
4465 <entry>MSU Lossless codec (MSUD)</entry> | |
4466 <entry>294bf9288f2f127bb86f00bfcc9ccdda</entry> | |
4467 <entry> | |
4468 Decodable by <application>Window Media Player</application>, | |
4469 not <application>MPlayer</application> (yet). | |
4470 </entry> | |
4471 </row> | |
4472 <row> | |
4473 <entry>camcodec.dll</entry> | |
4474 <entry>CamStudio lossless video codec (CSCD)</entry> | |
4475 <entry>0efe97ce08bb0e40162ab15ef3b45615</entry> | |
4476 <entry>sf.net/projects/camstudio</entry> | |
4477 </row> | |
4478 </tbody> | |
4479 </tgroup> | |
4480 </informaltable> | |
4481 | |
4482 The first column contains the codec names that should be passed after the | |
4483 <literal>codec</literal> parameter, | |
4484 like: <option>-xvfwopts codec=divx.dll</option> | |
4485 The FourCC code used by each codec is given in the parentheses. | |
4486 </para> | |
4487 | |
4488 <informalexample> | |
4489 <para> | |
4490 An example to convert an ISO DVD trailer to a VP6 flash video file | |
4491 using compdata bitrate settings: | |
4492 <screen> | |
4493 mencoder -dvd-device <replaceable>zeiram.iso</replaceable> dvd://7 -o <replaceable>trailer.flv</replaceable> \ | |
4494 -ovc vfw -xvfwopts codec=vp6vfw.dll:compdata=onepass.mcf -oac mp3lame \ | |
4495 -lameopts cbr:br=64 -af lavcresample=22050 -vf yadif,scale=320:240,flip \ | |
4496 -of lavf | |
4497 </screen> | |
4498 </para> | |
4499 </informalexample> | |
4500 </sect2> | |
4501 | |
4502 <sect2 id="menc-feat-video-for-windows-bitrate-settings"> | |
4503 <title>Using vfw2menc to create a codec settings file.</title> | |
4504 | |
4505 <para> | |
4506 To encode with the Video for Windows codecs, you will need to set bitrate | |
4507 and other options. This is known to work on x86 on both *NIX and Windows. | |
4508 </para> | |
4509 <para> | |
4510 First you must build the <application>vfw2menc</application> program. | |
4511 It is located in the <filename class="directory">TOOLS</filename> subdirectory | |
4512 of the MPlayer source tree. | |
4513 To build on Linux, this can be done using <application>Wine</application>: | |
4514 <screen>winegcc vfw2menc.c -o vfw2menc -lwinmm -lole32</screen> | |
4515 | |
4516 To build on Windows in <application>MinGW</application> or | |
4517 <application>Cygwin</application> use: | |
4518 <screen>gcc vfw2menc.c -o vfw2menc.exe -lwinmm -lole32</screen> | |
4519 | |
4520 To build on <application>MSVC</application> you will need getopt. | |
4521 Getopt can be found in the original <application>vfw2menc</application> | |
4522 archive available at: | |
4523 The <ulink url="http://oss.netfarm.it/mplayer-win32.php">MPlayer on win32</ulink> project. | |
4524 </para> | |
4525 <informalexample> | |
4526 <para> | |
4527 Below is an example with the VP6 codec. | |
4528 <screen> | |
4529 vfw2menc -f VP62 -d vp6vfw.dll -s firstpass.mcf | |
4530 </screen> | |
4531 This will open the VP6 codec dialog window. | |
4532 Repeat this step for the second pass | |
4533 and use <option>-s <replaceable>secondpass.mcf</replaceable></option>. | |
4534 </para> | |
4535 </informalexample> | |
4536 <para> | |
4537 Windows users can use | |
4538 <option>-xvfwopts codec=vp6vfw.dll:compdata=dialog</option> to have | |
4539 the codec dialog display before encoding starts. | |
4540 </para> | |
4541 </sect2> | |
4542 </sect1> | |
4543 | |
4544 | |
4545 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
4546 | |
4547 | |
4548 <sect1 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7"> | |
4549 <title>Using <application>MEncoder</application> to create | |
4550 <application>QuickTime</application>-compatible files</title> | |
4551 | |
4552 | |
4553 <sect2 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7-why-use-it"> | |
4554 <title>Why would one want to produce <application>QuickTime</application>-compatible Files?</title> | |
4555 | |
4556 <para> | |
4557 There are several reasons why producing | |
4558 <application>QuickTime</application>-compatible files can be desirable. | |
4559 </para> | |
4560 <itemizedlist> | |
4561 <listitem><para> | |
4562 You want any computer illiterate to be able to watch your encode on | |
4563 any major platform (Windows, Mac OS X, Unices …). | |
4564 </para></listitem> | |
4565 <listitem><para> | |
4566 <application>QuickTime</application> is able to take advantage of more | |
4567 hardware and software acceleration features of Mac OS X than | |
4568 platform-independent players like <application>MPlayer</application> | |
4569 or <application>VLC</application>. | |
4570 That means that your encodes have a chance to be played smoothly by older | |
4571 G4-powered machines. | |
4572 </para></listitem> | |
4573 <listitem><para> | |
4574 <application>QuickTime</application> 7 supports the next-generation codec H.264, | |
4575 which yields significantly better picture quality than previous codec | |
4576 generations (MPEG-2, MPEG-4 …). | |
4577 </para></listitem> | |
4578 </itemizedlist> | |
4579 </sect2> | |
4580 | |
4581 <sect2 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7-constraints"> | |
4582 <title><application>QuickTime</application> 7 limitations</title> | |
4583 | |
4584 <para> | |
4585 <application>QuickTime</application> 7 supports H.264 video and AAC audio, | |
4586 but it does not support them muxed in the AVI container format. | |
4587 However, you can use <application>MEncoder</application> to encode | |
4588 the video and audio, and then use an external program such as | |
4589 <application>mp4creator</application> (part of the | |
4590 <ulink url="http://mpeg4ip.sourceforge.net/">MPEG4IP suite</ulink>) | |
4591 to remux the video and audio tracks into an MP4 container. | |
4592 </para> | |
4593 | |
4594 <para> | |
4595 <application>QuickTime</application>'s support for H.264 is limited, | |
4596 so you will need to drop some advanced features. | |
4597 If you encode your video with features that | |
4598 <application>QuickTime</application> 7 does not support, | |
4599 <application>QuickTime</application>-based players will show you a pretty | |
4600 white screen instead of your expected video. | |
4601 </para> | |
4602 | |
4603 <itemizedlist> | |
4604 <listitem><para> | |
4605 <emphasis role="bold">B-frames</emphasis>: | |
4606 <application>QuickTime</application> 7 supports a maximum of 1 B-frame, i.e. | |
4607 <option>-x264encopts bframes=1</option>. This means that | |
4608 <option>b_pyramid</option> and <option>weight_b</option> will have no | |
4609 effect, since they require <option>bframes</option> to be greater than 1. | |
4610 </para></listitem> | |
4611 <listitem><para> | |
4612 <emphasis role="bold">Macroblocks</emphasis>: | |
4613 <application>QuickTime</application> 7 does not support 8x8 DCT macroblocks. | |
4614 This option (<option>8x8dct</option>) is off by default, so just be sure | |
4615 not to explicitly enable it. This also means that the <option>i8x8</option> | |
4616 option will have no effect, since it requires <option>8x8dct</option>. | |
4617 </para></listitem> | |
4618 <listitem><para> | |
4619 <emphasis role="bold">Aspect ratio</emphasis>: | |
4620 <application>QuickTime</application> 7 does not support SAR (sample | |
4621 aspect ratio) information in MPEG-4 files; it assumes that SAR=1. Read | |
4622 <link linkend="menc-feat-quicktime-7-scale">the section on scaling</link> | |
4623 for a workaround. | |
4624 </para></listitem> | |
4625 </itemizedlist> | |
4626 | |
4627 </sect2> | |
4628 | |
4629 <sect2 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7-crop"> | |
4630 <title>Cropping</title> | |
4631 <para> | |
4632 Suppose you want to rip your freshly bought copy of "The Chronicles of | |
4633 Narnia". Your DVD is region 1, | |
4634 which means it is NTSC. The example below would still apply to PAL, | |
4635 except you would omit <option>-ofps 24000/1001</option> and use slightly | |
4636 different <option>crop</option> and <option>scale</option> dimensions. | |
4637 </para> | |
4638 | |
4639 <para> | |
4640 After running <option>mplayer dvd://1</option>, you follow the process | |
4641 detailed in the section <link linkend="menc-feat-telecine">How to deal | |
4642 with telecine and interlacing in NTSC DVDs</link> and discover that it is | |
4643 24000/1001 fps progressive video. This simplifies the process somewhat, | |
4644 since you do not need to use an inverse telecine filter such as | |
4645 <option>pullup</option> or a deinterlacing filter such as | |
4646 <option>yadif</option>. | |
4647 </para> | |
4648 | |
4649 <para> | |
4650 Next, you need to crop out the black bars from the top and bottom of the | |
4651 video, as detailed in <link linkend="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-example-crop">this</link> | |
4652 previous section. | |
4653 </para> | |
4654 | |
4655 </sect2> | |
4656 | |
4657 <sect2 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7-scale"> | |
4658 <title>Scaling</title> | |
4659 | |
4660 <para> | |
4661 The next step is truly heartbreaking. | |
4662 <application>QuickTime</application> 7 does not support MPEG-4 videos | |
4663 with a sample aspect ratio other than 1, so you will need to upscale | |
4664 (which wastes a lot of disk space) or downscale (which loses some | |
4665 details of the source) the video to square pixels. | |
4666 Either way you do it, this is highly inefficient, but simply cannot | |
4667 be avoided if you want your video to be playable by | |
4668 <application>QuickTime</application> 7. | |
4669 <application>MEncoder</application> can apply the appropriate upscaling | |
4670 or downscaling by specifying respectively <option>-vf scale=-10:-1</option> | |
4671 or <option>-vf scale=-1:-10</option>. | |
4672 This will scale your video to the correct width for the cropped height, | |
4673 rounded to the closest multiple of 16 for optimal compression. | |
4674 Remember that if you are cropping, you should crop first, then scale: | |
4675 | |
4676 <screen>-vf crop=720:352:0:62,scale=-10:-1</screen> | |
4677 </para> | |
4678 | |
4679 </sect2> | |
4680 | |
4681 <sect2 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7-avsync"> | |
4682 <title>A/V sync</title> | |
4683 | |
4684 <para> | |
4685 Because you will be remuxing into a different container, you should | |
4686 always use the <option>harddup</option> option to ensure that duplicated | |
4687 frames are actually duplicated in the video output. Without this option, | |
4688 <application>MEncoder</application> will simply put a marker in the video | |
4689 stream that a frame was duplicated, and rely on the client software to | |
4690 show the same frame twice. Unfortunately, this "soft duplication" does | |
4691 not survive remuxing, so the audio would slowly lose sync with the video. | |
4692 </para> | |
4693 | |
4694 <para> | |
4695 The final filter chain looks like this: | |
4696 <screen>-vf crop=720:352:0:62,scale=-10:-1,harddup</screen> | |
4697 </para> | |
4698 | |
4699 </sect2> | |
4700 | |
4701 <sect2 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7-bitrate"> | |
4702 <title>Bitrate</title> | |
4703 | |
4704 <para> | |
4705 As always, the selection of bitrate is a matter of the technical properties | |
4706 of the source, as explained | |
4707 <link linkend="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-resolution-bitrate">here</link>, as | |
4708 well as a matter of taste. | |
4709 This movie has a fair bit of action and lots of detail, but H.264 video | |
4710 looks good at much lower bitrates than XviD or other MPEG-4 codecs. | |
4711 After much experimentation, the author of this guide chose to encode | |
4712 this movie at 900kbps, and thought that it looked very good. | |
4713 You may decrease bitrate if you need to save more space, or increase | |
4714 it if you need to improve quality. | |
4715 </para> | |
4716 | |
4717 </sect2> | |
4718 | |
4719 <sect2 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7-example"> | |
4720 <title>Encoding example</title> | |
4721 | |
4722 <para> | |
4723 You are now ready to encode the video. Since you care about | |
4724 quality, of course you will be doing a two-pass encode. To shave off | |
4725 some encoding time, you can specify the <option>turbo</option> option | |
4726 on the first pass; this reduces <option>subq</option> and | |
4727 <option>frameref</option> to 1. To save some disk space, you can | |
4728 use the <option>ss</option> option to strip off the first few seconds | |
4729 of the video. (I found that this particular movie has 32 seconds of | |
4730 credits and logos.) <option>bframes</option> can be 0 or 1. | |
4731 The other options are documented in <link | |
4732 linkend="menc-feat-x264-encoding-options-speedvquality">Encoding with | |
4733 the <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> codec</link> and | |
4734 the man page. | |
4735 | |
4736 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 -o /dev/null -ss 32 -ovc x264 \ | |
4737 -x264encopts pass=1:turbo:bitrate=900:bframes=1:\ | |
4738 me=umh:partitions=all:trellis=1:qp_step=4:qcomp=0.7:direct_pred=auto:keyint=300 \ | |
4739 -vf crop=720:352:0:62,scale=-10:-1,harddup \ | |
4740 -oac faac -faacopts br=192:mpeg=4:object=2 -channels 2 -srate 48000 \ | |
4741 -ofps 24000/1001</screen> | |
4742 | |
4743 If you have a multi-processor machine, don't miss the opportunity to | |
4744 dramatically speed-up encoding by enabling | |
4745 <link linkend="menc-feat-x264-encoding-options-speedvquality-threads"> | |
4746 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>'s multi-threading mode</link> | |
4747 by adding <option>threads=auto</option> to your <option>x264encopts</option> | |
4748 command-line. | |
4749 </para> | |
4750 | |
4751 <para> | |
4752 The second pass is the same, except that you specify the output file | |
4753 and set <option>pass=2</option>. | |
4754 | |
4755 <screen>mencoder dvd://1 <emphasis role="bold">-o narnia.avi</emphasis> -ss 32 -ovc x264 \ | |
4756 -x264encopts <emphasis role="bold">pass=2</emphasis>:turbo:bitrate=900:frameref=5:bframes=1:\ | |
4757 me=umh:partitions=all:trellis=1:qp_step=4:qcomp=0.7:direct_pred=auto:keyint=300 \ | |
4758 -vf crop=720:352:0:62,scale=-10:-1,harddup \ | |
4759 -oac faac -faacopts br=192:mpeg=4:object=2 -channels 2 -srate 48000 \ | |
4760 -ofps 24000/1001</screen> | |
4761 </para> | |
4762 | |
4763 <para> | |
4764 The resulting AVI should play perfectly in | |
4765 <application>MPlayer</application>, but of course | |
4766 <application>QuickTime</application> can not play it because it does | |
4767 not support H.264 muxed in AVI. | |
4768 So the next step is to remux the video into an MP4 container. | |
4769 </para> | |
4770 </sect2> | |
4771 | |
4772 <sect2 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7-remux"> | |
4773 <title>Remuxing as MP4</title> | |
4774 | |
4775 <para> | |
4776 There are several ways to remux AVI files to MP4. You can use | |
4777 <application>mp4creator</application>, which is part of the | |
4778 <ulink url="http://mpeg4ip.sourceforge.net/">MPEG4IP suite</ulink>. | |
4779 </para> | |
4780 | |
4781 <para> | |
4782 First, demux the AVI into separate audio and video streams using | |
4783 <application>MPlayer</application>. | |
4784 | |
4785 <screen>mplayer narnia.avi -dumpaudio -dumpfile narnia.aac | |
4786 mplayer narnia.avi -dumpvideo -dumpfile narnia.h264</screen> | |
4787 | |
4788 The file names are important; <application>mp4creator</application> | |
4789 requires that AAC audio streams be named <systemitem>.aac</systemitem> | |
4790 and H.264 video streams be named <systemitem>.h264</systemitem>. | |
4791 </para> | |
4792 | |
4793 <para> | |
4794 Now use <application>mp4creator</application> to create a new | |
4795 MP4 file out of the audio and video streams. | |
4796 | |
4797 <screen>mp4creator -create=narnia.aac narnia.mp4 | |
4798 mp4creator -create=narnia.h264 -rate=23.976 narnia.mp4</screen> | |
4799 | |
4800 Unlike the encoding step, you must specify the framerate as a | |
4801 decimal (such as 23.976), not a fraction (such as 24000/1001). | |
4802 </para> | |
4803 | |
4804 <para> | |
4805 This <systemitem>narnia.mp4</systemitem> file should now be playable | |
4806 with any <application>QuickTime</application> 7 application, such as | |
4807 <application>QuickTime Player</application> or | |
4808 <application>iTunes</application>. If you are planning to view the | |
4809 video in a web browser with the <application>QuickTime</application> | |
4810 plugin, you should also hint the movie so that the | |
4811 <application>QuickTime</application> plugin can start playing it | |
4812 while it is still downloading. <application>mp4creator</application> | |
4813 can create these hint tracks: | |
4814 | |
4815 <screen>mp4creator -hint=1 narnia.mp4 | |
4816 mp4creator -hint=2 narnia.mp4 | |
4817 mp4creator -optimize narnia.mp4</screen> | |
4818 | |
4819 You can check the final result to ensure that the hint tracks were | |
4820 created successfully: | |
4821 | |
4822 <screen>mp4creator -list narnia.mp4</screen> | |
4823 | |
4824 You should see a list of tracks: 1 audio, 1 video, and 2 hint tracks. | |
4825 | |
4826 <screen>Track Type Info | |
4827 1 audio MPEG-4 AAC LC, 8548.714 secs, 190 kbps, 48000 Hz | |
4828 2 video H264 Main@5.1, 8549.132 secs, 899 kbps, 848x352 @ 23.976001 fps | |
4829 3 hint Payload mpeg4-generic for track 1 | |
4830 4 hint Payload H264 for track 2 | |
4831 </screen> | |
4832 </para> | |
4833 | |
4834 </sect2> | |
4835 | |
4836 <sect2 id="menc-feat-quicktime-7-metadata"> | |
4837 <title>Adding metadata tags</title> | |
4838 | |
4839 <para> | |
4840 If you want to add tags to your video that show up in iTunes, you can use | |
4841 <ulink url="http://atomicparsley.sourceforge.net/">AtomicParsley</ulink>. | |
4842 | |
4843 <screen>AtomicParsley narnia.mp4 --metaEnema --title "The Chronicles of Narnia" --year 2005 --stik Movie --freefree --overWrite</screen> | |
4844 | |
4845 The <option>--metaEnema</option> option removes any existing metadata | |
4846 (<application>mp4creator</application> inserts its name in the | |
4847 "encoding tool" tag), and <option>--freefree</option> reclaims the | |
4848 space from the deleted metadata. | |
4849 The <option>--stik</option> option sets the type of video (such as Movie | |
4850 or TV Show), which iTunes uses to group related video files. | |
4851 The <option>--overWrite</option> option overwrites the original file; | |
4852 without it, <application>AtomicParsley</application> creates a new | |
4853 auto-named file in the same directory and leaves the original file | |
4854 untouched. | |
4855 </para> | |
4856 | |
19025
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|
4857 </sect2> |
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|
4858 |
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|
4859 </sect1> |
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|
4860 |
27869 | 4861 |
4862 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
4863 | |
4864 | |
19025
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|
4865 <sect1 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd"> |
27869 | 4866 <title>Using <application>MEncoder</application> |
4867 to create VCD/SVCD/DVD-compliant files</title> | |
19025
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4868 |
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|
4869 <sect2 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints"> |
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4870 <title>Format Constraints</title> |
27869 | 4871 |
4872 <para> | |
4873 <application>MEncoder</application> is capable of creating VCD, SCVD | |
4874 and DVD format MPEG files using the | |
4875 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> library. | |
4876 These files can then be used in conjunction with | |
4877 <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/vcdimager/vcdimager.html">vcdimager</ulink> | |
4878 or | |
4879 <ulink url="http://dvdauthor.sourceforge.net/">dvdauthor</ulink> | |
4880 to create discs that will play on a standard set-top player. | |
4881 </para> | |
4882 | |
4883 <para> | |
4884 The DVD, SVCD, and VCD formats are subject to heavy constraints. | |
4885 Only a small selection of encoded picture sizes and aspect ratios are | |
4886 available. | |
4887 If your movie does not already meet these requirements, you may have | |
4888 to scale, crop or add black borders to the picture to make it | |
4889 compliant. | |
4890 </para> | |
4891 | |
19025
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4892 |
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|
4893 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints-resolution"> |
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|
4894 <title>Format Constraints</title> |
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|
4895 |
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|
4896 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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|
4897 <tgroup cols="9"> |
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4898 <thead> |
27869 | 4899 <row> |
4900 <entry>Format</entry> | |
4901 <entry>Resolution</entry> | |
4902 <entry>V. Codec</entry> | |
4903 <entry>V. Bitrate</entry> | |
4904 <entry>Sample Rate</entry> | |
4905 <entry>A. Codec</entry> | |
4906 <entry>A. Bitrate</entry> | |
4907 <entry>FPS</entry> | |
4908 <entry>Aspect</entry> | |
4909 </row> | |
19025
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4910 </thead> |
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4911 <tbody> |
27869 | 4912 <row> |
4913 <entry>NTSC DVD</entry> | |
4914 <entry>720x480, 704x480, 352x480, 352x240</entry> | |
4915 <entry>MPEG-2</entry> | |
4916 <entry>9800 kbps</entry> | |
4917 <entry>48000 Hz</entry> | |
4918 <entry>AC-3,PCM</entry> | |
4919 <entry>1536 kbps (max)</entry> | |
4920 <entry>30000/1001, 24000/1001</entry> | |
4921 <entry>4:3, 16:9 (only for 720x480)</entry> | |
4922 </row> | |
4923 <row> | |
4924 <entry>NTSC DVD</entry> | |
4925 <entry>352x240<footnote id='fn-rare-resolutions'><para> | |
4926 These resolutions are rarely used for DVDs because | |
4927 they are fairly low quality.</para></footnote></entry> | |
4928 <entry>MPEG-1</entry> | |
4929 <entry>1856 kbps</entry> | |
4930 <entry>48000 Hz</entry> | |
4931 <entry>AC-3,PCM</entry> | |
4932 <entry>1536 kbps (max)</entry> | |
4933 <entry>30000/1001, 24000/1001</entry> | |
4934 <entry>4:3, 16:9</entry> | |
4935 </row> | |
4936 <row> | |
4937 <entry>NTSC SVCD</entry> | |
4938 <entry>480x480</entry> | |
4939 <entry>MPEG-2</entry> | |
4940 <entry>2600 kbps</entry> | |
4941 <entry>44100 Hz</entry> | |
4942 <entry>MP2</entry> | |
4943 <entry>384 kbps (max)</entry> | |
4944 <entry>30000/1001</entry> | |
4945 <entry>4:3</entry> | |
4946 </row> | |
4947 <row> | |
4948 <entry>NTSC VCD</entry> | |
4949 <entry>352x240</entry> | |
4950 <entry>MPEG-1</entry> | |
4951 <entry>1150 kbps</entry> | |
4952 <entry>44100 Hz</entry> | |
4953 <entry>MP2</entry> | |
4954 <entry>224 kbps</entry> | |
4955 <entry>24000/1001, 30000/1001</entry> | |
4956 <entry>4:3</entry> | |
4957 </row> | |
4958 <row> | |
4959 <entry>PAL DVD</entry> | |
4960 <entry>720x576, 704x576, 352x576, 352x288</entry> | |
4961 <entry>MPEG-2</entry> | |
4962 <entry>9800 kbps</entry> | |
4963 <entry>48000 Hz</entry> | |
4964 <entry>MP2,AC-3,PCM</entry> | |
4965 <entry>1536 kbps (max)</entry> | |
4966 <entry>25</entry> | |
4967 <entry>4:3, 16:9 (only for 720x576)</entry> | |
4968 </row> | |
4969 <row> | |
4970 <entry>PAL DVD</entry> | |
4971 <entry>352x288<footnoteref linkend='fn-rare-resolutions'/></entry> | |
4972 <entry>MPEG-1</entry> | |
4973 <entry>1856 kbps</entry> | |
4974 <entry>48000 Hz</entry> | |
4975 <entry>MP2,AC-3,PCM</entry> | |
4976 <entry>1536 kbps (max)</entry> | |
4977 <entry>25</entry> | |
4978 <entry>4:3, 16:9</entry> | |
4979 </row> | |
4980 <row> | |
4981 <entry>PAL SVCD</entry> | |
4982 <entry>480x576</entry> | |
4983 <entry>MPEG-2</entry> | |
4984 <entry>2600 kbps</entry> | |
4985 <entry>44100 Hz</entry> | |
4986 <entry>MP2</entry> | |
4987 <entry>384 kbps (max)</entry> | |
4988 <entry>25</entry> | |
4989 <entry>4:3</entry> | |
4990 </row> | |
4991 <row> | |
4992 <entry>PAL VCD</entry> | |
4993 <entry>352x288</entry> | |
4994 <entry>MPEG-1</entry> | |
4995 <entry>1152 kbps</entry> | |
4996 <entry>44100 Hz</entry> | |
4997 <entry>MP2</entry> | |
4998 <entry>224 kbps</entry> | |
4999 <entry>25</entry> | |
5000 <entry>4:3</entry> | |
5001 </row> | |
19025
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5002 </tbody> |
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5003 </tgroup> |
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|
5004 </informaltable> |
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|
5005 |
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5006 <para> |
27869 | 5007 If your movie has 2.35:1 aspect (most recent action movies), you will |
5008 have to add black borders or crop the movie down to 16:9 to make a DVD or VCD. | |
5009 If you add black borders, try to align them at 16-pixel boundaries in | |
5010 order to minimize the impact on encoding performance. | |
5011 Thankfully DVD has sufficiently excessive bitrate that you do not have | |
5012 to worry too much about encoding efficiency, but SVCD and VCD are | |
5013 highly bitrate-starved and require effort to obtain acceptable quality. | |
19025
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5014 </para> |
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|
5015 </sect3> |
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5016 |
27869 | 5017 |
19025
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5018 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints-gop"> |
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5019 <title>GOP Size Constraints</title> |
27869 | 5020 |
5021 <para> | |
5022 DVD, VCD, and SVCD also constrain you to relatively low | |
5023 GOP (Group of Pictures) sizes. | |
5024 For 30 fps material the largest allowed GOP size is 18. | |
5025 For 25 or 24 fps, the maximum is 15. | |
5026 The GOP size is set using the <option>keyint</option> option. | |
19025
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5027 </para> |
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5028 </sect3> |
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5029 |
27869 | 5030 |
19025
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5031 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints-bitrate"> |
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|
5032 <title>Bitrate Constraints</title> |
27869 | 5033 |
5034 <para> | |
5035 VCD video is required to be CBR at 1152 kbps. | |
5036 This highly limiting constraint also comes along with an extremely low vbv | |
5037 buffer size of 327 kilobits. | |
5038 SVCD allows varying video bitrates up to 2500 kbps, and a somewhat less | |
5039 restrictive vbv buffer size of 917 kilobits is allowed. | |
5040 DVD video bitrates may range anywhere up to 9800 kbps (though typical | |
5041 bitrates are about half that), and the vbv buffer size is 1835 kilobits. | |
19025
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5042 </para> |
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|
5043 </sect3> |
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|
5044 </sect2> |
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5045 |
27869 | 5046 <!-- ********** --> |
5047 | |
19025
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5048 <sect2 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-output"> |
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5049 <title>Output Options</title> |
27869 | 5050 |
5051 <para> | |
5052 <application>MEncoder</application> has options to control the output | |
5053 format. | |
5054 Using these options we can instruct it to create the correct type of | |
5055 file. | |
5056 </para> | |
5057 | |
5058 <para> | |
5059 The options for VCD and SVCD are called xvcd and xsvcd, because they | |
5060 are extended formats. | |
5061 They are not strictly compliant, mainly because the output does not | |
5062 contain scan offsets. | |
5063 If you need to generate an SVCD image, you should pass the output file to | |
5064 <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/vcdimager/vcdimager.html">vcdimager</ulink>. | |
5065 </para> | |
5066 | |
5067 <para> | |
5068 VCD: | |
5069 <screen>-of mpeg -mpegopts format=xvcd</screen> | |
5070 </para> | |
5071 | |
5072 <para> | |
5073 SVCD: | |
5074 <screen>-of mpeg -mpegopts format=xsvcd</screen> | |
5075 </para> | |
5076 | |
5077 <para> | |
5078 DVD (with timestamps on every frame, if possible): | |
5079 <screen>-of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd:tsaf</screen> | |
5080 </para> | |
5081 | |
5082 <para> | |
5083 DVD with NTSC Pullup: | |
5084 <screen>-of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd:tsaf:telecine -ofps 24000/1001</screen> | |
5085 This allows 24000/1001 fps progressive content to be encoded at 30000/1001 | |
5086 fps whilst maintaining DVD-compliance. | |
5087 </para> | |
5088 | |
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5089 |
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|
5090 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-output-aspect"> |
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|
5091 <title>Aspect Ratio</title> |
27869 | 5092 |
5093 <para> | |
5094 The aspect argument of <option>-lavcopts</option> is used to encode | |
5095 the aspect ratio of the file. | |
5096 During playback the aspect ratio is used to restore the video to the | |
5097 correct size. | |
5098 </para> | |
5099 | |
5100 <para> | |
5101 16:9 or "Widescreen" | |
5102 <screen>-lavcopts aspect=16/9</screen> | |
5103 </para> | |
5104 | |
5105 <para> | |
5106 4:3 or "Fullscreen" | |
5107 <screen>-lavcopts aspect=4/3</screen> | |
5108 </para> | |
5109 | |
5110 <para> | |
5111 2.35:1 or "Cinemascope" NTSC | |
5112 <screen>-vf scale=720:368,expand=720:480 -lavcopts aspect=16/9</screen> | |
5113 To calculate the correct scaling size, use the expanded NTSC width of | |
5114 854/2.35 = 368 | |
5115 </para> | |
5116 | |
5117 <para> | |
5118 2.35:1 or "Cinemascope" PAL | |
5119 <screen>-vf scale=720:432,expand=720:576 -lavcopts aspect=16/9</screen> | |
5120 To calculate the correct scaling size, use the expanded PAL width of | |
5121 1024/2.35 = 432 | |
5122 </para> | |
19025
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5123 </sect3> |
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5124 |
27869 | 5125 |
5126 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-a-v-sync"> | |
5127 <title>Maintaining A/V sync</title> | |
5128 | |
5129 <para> | |
5130 In order to maintain audio/video synchronization throughout the encode, | |
5131 <application>MEncoder</application> has to drop or duplicate frames. | |
5132 This works rather well when muxing into an AVI file, but is almost | |
5133 guaranteed to fail to maintain A/V sync with other muxers such as MPEG. | |
5134 This is why it is necessary to append the | |
5135 <option>harddup</option> video filter at the end of the filter chain | |
5136 to avoid this kind of problem. | |
5137 You can find more technical information about <option>harddup</option> | |
5138 in the section | |
5139 <link linkend="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing-filter-issues">Improving muxing and A/V sync reliability</link> | |
5140 or in the manual page. | |
5141 </para> | |
5142 </sect3> | |
5143 | |
5144 | |
19025
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5145 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-output-srate"> |
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|
5146 <title>Sample Rate Conversion</title> |
27869 | 5147 |
5148 <para> | |
5149 If the audio sample rate in the original file is not the same as | |
5150 required by the target format, sample rate conversion is required. | |
5151 This is achieved using the <option>-srate</option> option and | |
5152 the <option>-af lavcresample</option> audio filter together. | |
5153 </para> | |
5154 | |
5155 <para> | |
5156 DVD: | |
5157 <screen>-srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000</screen> | |
5158 </para> | |
5159 | |
5160 <para> | |
5161 VCD and SVCD: | |
5162 <screen>-srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100</screen> | |
5163 </para> | |
19025
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|
5164 </sect3> |
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|
5165 </sect2> |
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|
5166 |
27869 | 5167 <!-- ********** --> |
5168 | |
19025
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5169 <sect2 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc"> |
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|
5170 <title>Using libavcodec for VCD/SVCD/DVD Encoding</title> |
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5171 |
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|
5172 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc-intro"> |
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5173 <title>Introduction</title> |
27869 | 5174 |
5175 <para> | |
5176 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> can be used to | |
5177 create VCD/SVCD/DVD compliant video by using the appropriate options. | |
19025
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5178 </para> |
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5179 </sect3> |
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|
5180 |
27869 | 5181 |
19025
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5182 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc-options"> |
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|
5183 <title>lavcopts</title> |
27869 | 5184 |
5185 <para> | |
5186 This is a list of fields in <option>-lavcopts</option> that you may | |
5187 be required to change in order to make a complaint movie for VCD, SVCD, | |
5188 or DVD: | |
19025
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5189 </para> |
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|
5190 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5191 <itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5192 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5193 <emphasis role="bold">acodec</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5194 <option>mp2</option> for VCD, SVCD, or PAL DVD; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5195 <option>ac3</option> is most commonly used for DVD. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5196 PCM audio may also be used for DVD, but this is mostly a big waste of |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5197 space. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5198 Note that MP3 audio is not compliant for any of these formats, but |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5199 players often have no problem playing it anyway. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5200 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5201 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5202 <emphasis role="bold">abitrate</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5203 224 for VCD; up to 384 for SVCD; up to 1536 for DVD, but commonly |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5204 used values range from 192 kbps for stereo to 384 kbps for 5.1 channel |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5205 sound. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5206 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5207 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5208 <emphasis role="bold">vcodec</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5209 <option>mpeg1video</option> for VCD; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5210 <option>mpeg2video</option> for SVCD; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5211 <option>mpeg2video</option> is usually used for DVD but you may also use |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5212 <option>mpeg1video</option> for CIF resolutions. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5213 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5214 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5215 <emphasis role="bold">keyint</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5216 Used to set the GOP size. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5217 18 for 30fps material, or 15 for 25/24 fps material. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5218 Commercial producers seem to prefer keyframe intervals of 12. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5219 It is possible to make this much larger and still retain compatibility |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5220 with most players. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5221 A <option>keyint</option> of 25 should never cause any problems. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5222 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5223 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5224 <emphasis role="bold">vrc_buf_size</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5225 327 for VCD, 917 for SVCD, and 1835 for DVD. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5226 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5227 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5228 <emphasis role="bold">vrc_minrate</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5229 1152, for VCD. May be left alone for SVCD and DVD. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5230 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5231 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5232 <emphasis role="bold">vrc_maxrate</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5233 1152 for VCD; 2500 for SVCD; 9800 for DVD. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5234 For SVCD and DVD, you might wish to use lower values depending on your |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5235 own personal preferences and requirements. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5236 </para></listitem> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5237 <listitem><para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5238 <emphasis role="bold">vbitrate</emphasis>: |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5239 1152 for VCD; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5240 up to 2500 for SVCD; |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5241 up to 9800 for DVD. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5242 For the latter two formats, vbitrate should be set based on personal |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5243 preference. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5244 For instance, if you insist on fitting 20 or so hours on a DVD, you |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5245 could use vbitrate=400. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5246 The resulting video quality would probably be quite bad. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5247 If you are trying to squeeze out the maximum possible quality on a DVD, |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5248 use vbitrate=9800, but be warned that this could constrain you to less |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5249 than an hour of video on a single-layer DVD. |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5250 </para></listitem> |
27869 | 5251 <listitem><para> |
5252 <emphasis role="bold">vstrict</emphasis>: | |
5253 <option>vstrict</option>=0 should be used to create DVDs. | |
5254 Without this option, <application>MEncoder</application> creates a | |
5255 stream that cannot be correctly decoded by some standalone DVD | |
5256 players. | |
5257 </para></listitem> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5258 </itemizedlist> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5259 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5260 |
27869 | 5261 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5262 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc-examples"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5263 <title>Examples</title> |
27869 | 5264 |
5265 <para> | |
5266 This is a typical minimum set of <option>-lavcopts</option> for | |
5267 encoding video: | |
5268 </para> | |
5269 <para> | |
5270 VCD: | |
5271 <screen> | |
5272 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video:vrc_buf_size=327:vrc_minrate=1152:\ | |
5273 vrc_maxrate=1152:vbitrate=1152:keyint=15:acodec=mp2 | |
5274 </screen> | |
5275 </para> | |
5276 | |
5277 <para> | |
5278 SVCD: | |
5279 <screen> | |
5280 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=917:vrc_maxrate=2500:vbitrate=1800:\ | |
5281 keyint=15:acodec=mp2 | |
5282 </screen> | |
5283 </para> | |
5284 | |
5285 <para> | |
5286 DVD: | |
5287 <screen> | |
5288 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:\ | |
5289 keyint=15:vstrict=0:acodec=ac3 | |
5290 </screen> | |
5291 </para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5292 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5293 |
27869 | 5294 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5295 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc-advanced"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5296 <title>Advanced Options</title> |
27869 | 5297 |
5298 <para> | |
5299 For higher quality encoding, you may also wish to add quality-enhancing | |
5300 options to lavcopts, such as <option>trell</option>, | |
5301 <option>mbd=2</option>, and others. | |
5302 Note that <option>qpel</option> and <option>v4mv</option>, while often | |
5303 useful with MPEG-4, are not usable with MPEG-1 or MPEG-2. | |
5304 Also, if you are trying to make a very high quality DVD encode, it may | |
5305 be useful to add <option>dc=10</option> to lavcopts. | |
5306 Doing so may help reduce the appearance of blocks in flat-colored areas. | |
5307 Putting it all together, this is an example of a set of lavcopts for a | |
5308 higher quality DVD: | |
5309 </para> | |
5310 | |
5311 <para> | |
5312 <screen> | |
5313 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=8000:\ | |
5314 keyint=15:trell:mbd=2:precmp=2:subcmp=2:cmp=2:dia=-10:predia=-10:cbp:mv0:\ | |
5315 vqmin=1:lmin=1:dc=10:vstrict=0 | |
5316 </screen> | |
5317 </para> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5318 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5319 </sect2> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5320 |
27869 | 5321 <!-- ********** --> |
5322 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5323 <sect2 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5324 <title>Encoding Audio</title> |
27869 | 5325 |
5326 <para> | |
5327 VCD and SVCD support MPEG-1 layer II audio, using one of | |
5328 <systemitem class="library">toolame</systemitem>, | |
5329 <systemitem class="library">twolame</systemitem>, | |
5330 or <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s MP2 encoder. | |
5331 The libavcodec MP2 is far from being as good as the other two libraries, | |
5332 however it should always be available to use. | |
5333 VCD only supports constant bitrate audio (CBR) whereas SVCD supports | |
5334 variable bitrate (VBR), too. | |
5335 Be careful when using VBR because some bad standalone players might not | |
5336 support it too well. | |
5337 </para> | |
5338 | |
5339 <para> | |
5340 For DVD audio, <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s | |
5341 AC-3 codec is used. | |
5342 </para> | |
5343 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5344 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5345 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio-toolame"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5346 <title>toolame</title> |
27869 | 5347 |
5348 <para> | |
5349 For VCD and SVCD: | |
5350 <screen>-oac toolame -toolameopts br=224</screen> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5351 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5352 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5353 |
27869 | 5354 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5355 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio-twolame"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5356 <title>twolame</title> |
27869 | 5357 |
5358 <para> | |
5359 For VCD and SVCD: | |
5360 <screen>-oac twolame -twolameopts br=224</screen> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5361 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5362 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5363 |
27869 | 5364 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5365 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio-lavc"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5366 <title>libavcodec</title> |
27869 | 5367 |
5368 <para> | |
5369 For DVD with 2 channel sound: | |
5370 <screen>-oac lavc -lavcopts acodec=ac3:abitrate=192</screen> | |
5371 </para> | |
5372 | |
5373 <para> | |
5374 For DVD with 5.1 channel sound: | |
5375 <screen>-channels 6 -oac lavc -lavcopts acodec=ac3:abitrate=384</screen> | |
5376 </para> | |
5377 | |
5378 <para> | |
5379 For VCD and SVCD: | |
5380 <screen>-oac lavc -lavcopts acodec=mp2:abitrate=224</screen> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5381 </para> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5382 </sect3> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5383 </sect2> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5384 |
27869 | 5385 <!-- ********** --> |
5386 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5387 <sect2 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5388 <title>Putting it all Together</title> |
27869 | 5389 |
5390 <para> | |
5391 This section shows some complete commands for creating VCD/SVCD/DVD | |
5392 compliant videos. | |
5393 </para> | |
5394 | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5395 |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5396 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-pal-dvd"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5397 <title>PAL DVD</title> |
27869 | 5398 |
5399 <para> | |
5400 <screen> | |
5401 mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd:tsaf \ | |
5402 -vf scale=720:576,harddup -srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000 \ | |
5403 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:\ | |
5404 keyint=15:vstrict=0:acodec=ac3:abitrate=192:aspect=16/9 -ofps 25 \ | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
boskicinek
parents:
diff
changeset
|
5405 -o <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> |
27869 | 5406 </screen> |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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diff
changeset
|
5407 </para> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5408 </sect3> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5409 |
27869 | 5410 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
5411 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-ntsc-dvd"> |
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
5412 <title>NTSC DVD</title> |
27869 | 5413 |
5414 <para> | |
5415 <screen> | |
5416 mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd:tsaf \ | |
5417 -vf scale=720:480,harddup -srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000 \ | |
5418 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:\ | |
5419 keyint=18:vstrict=0:acodec=ac3:abitrate=192:aspect=16/9 -ofps 30000/1001 \ | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5420 -o <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> |
27869 | 5421 </screen> |
5422 </para> | |
5423 </sect3> | |
5424 | |
5425 | |
5426 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-pal-ac3-copy"> | |
5427 <title>PAL AVI Containing AC-3 Audio to DVD</title> | |
5428 | |
5429 <para> | |
5430 If the source already has AC-3 audio, use -oac copy instead of re-encoding it. | |
5431 <screen> | |
5432 mencoder -oac copy -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd:tsaf \ | |
5433 -vf scale=720:576,harddup -ofps 25 \ | |
5434 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:\ | |
5435 keyint=15:vstrict=0:aspect=16/9 -o <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> | |
5436 </screen> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5437 </para> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5438 </sect3> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5439 |
27869 | 5440 |
5441 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-ntsc-ac3-copy"> | |
5442 <title>NTSC AVI Containing AC-3 Audio to DVD</title> | |
5443 | |
5444 <para> | |
5445 If the source already has AC-3 audio, and is NTSC @ 24000/1001 fps: | |
5446 <screen> | |
5447 mencoder -oac copy -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd:tsaf:telecine \ | |
5448 -vf scale=720:480,harddup -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:\ | |
5449 vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:keyint=15:vstrict=0:aspect=16/9 -ofps 24000/1001 \ | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5450 -o <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> |
27869 | 5451 </screen> |
5452 </para> | |
5453 </sect3> | |
5454 | |
5455 | |
5456 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-pal-svcd"> | |
5457 <title>PAL SVCD</title> | |
5458 | |
5459 <para> | |
5460 <screen> | |
5461 mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=xsvcd -vf \ | |
5462 scale=480:576,harddup -srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100 -lavcopts \ | |
5463 vcodec=mpeg2video:mbd=2:keyint=15:vrc_buf_size=917:vrc_minrate=600:\ | |
5464 vbitrate=2500:vrc_maxrate=2500:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224:aspect=16/9 -ofps 25 \ | |
5465 -o <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> | |
19025
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5466 </screen> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5467 </para> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5468 </sect3> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5469 |
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|
5470 |
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diff
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|
5471 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-ntsc-svcd"> |
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|
5472 <title>NTSC SVCD</title> |
27869 | 5473 |
5474 <para> | |
5475 <screen> | |
5476 mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=xsvcd -vf \ | |
5477 scale=480:480,harddup -srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100 -lavcopts \ | |
5478 vcodec=mpeg2video:mbd=2:keyint=18:vrc_buf_size=917:vrc_minrate=600:\ | |
5479 vbitrate=2500:vrc_maxrate=2500:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224:aspect=16/9 -ofps 30000/1001 \ | |
5480 -o <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> | |
5481 </screen> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
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|
5482 </para> |
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|
5483 </sect3> |
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|
5484 |
27869 | 5485 |
19025
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|
5486 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-pal-vcd"> |
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|
5487 <title>PAL VCD</title> |
27869 | 5488 |
5489 <para> | |
5490 <screen> | |
5491 mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=xvcd -vf \ | |
5492 scale=352:288,harddup -srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100 -lavcopts \ | |
5493 vcodec=mpeg1video:keyint=15:vrc_buf_size=327:vrc_minrate=1152:\ | |
5494 vbitrate=1152:vrc_maxrate=1152:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224:aspect=16/9 -ofps 25 \ | |
5495 -o <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> | |
5496 </screen> | |
19025
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|
5497 </para> |
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|
5498 </sect3> |
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|
5499 |
27869 | 5500 |
19025
45b8400e8e87
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|
5501 <sect3 id="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-ntsc-vcd"> |
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|
5502 <title>NTSC VCD</title> |
27869 | 5503 |
5504 <para> | |
5505 <screen> | |
5506 mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=xvcd -vf \ | |
5507 scale=352:240,harddup -srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100 -lavcopts \ | |
5508 vcodec=mpeg1video:keyint=18:vrc_buf_size=327:vrc_minrate=1152:\ | |
5509 vbitrate=1152:vrc_maxrate=1152:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224:aspect=16/9 -ofps 30000/1001 \ | |
5510 -o <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> | |
5511 </screen> | |
19025
45b8400e8e87
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|
5512 </para> |
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|
5513 </sect3> |
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- incomplete but we probably need this (because we updated mencoder.xml already)
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|
5514 </sect2> |
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|
5515 </sect1> |
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|
5516 </chapter> |