Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/de/mencoder.xml @ 19706:cf29467223c7
sync of existing (German) xml docs:
r19686: Remove the most outdated entries, small updates.
r19685: Fix mailing list URLs.
r19677: lists.mplayerhq.hu URL fix, comment out mailing list search.
r19634: (keyword properties fixed in English version, fixed revision tag in German version of radio.xml)
r19609: wording/markup fixes
r19607: mention -demuxer lavf in the dvb input section
r19589: Fix build after radio commit (here: only install.xml was changed)
r19574: Radio support (here: mention radio support in install.xml)
r19504: How to handle broken/copy protected VOB files?
author | kraymer |
---|---|
date | Wed, 06 Sep 2006 11:27:12 +0000 |
parents | 23b2f53f03d2 |
children | 8c3a6f3c89fa |
rev | line source |
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> |
19706 | 2 <!-- in sync with r19685 --> |
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3 <chapter id="mencoder"> |
18640 | 4 <title>Allgemeiner Gebrauch von <application>MEncoder</application></title> |
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5 |
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6 <para> |
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7 Eine komplette Liste der <application>MEncoder</application>-Optionen |
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8 und Beispiele findest du in der Manpage. Eine Reihe praktischer Beispiele |
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9 und detaillierter Anleitungen zur Anwendung verschiedener Encodier-Parameter |
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10 findet du in den |
18640 | 11 <ulink url="../../tech/encoding-tips.txt">Encodier-Tipps (im Moment nur auf englisch)</ulink>, |
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12 die aus verschiedenen Mailing-Listen-Threads von MPlayer-Nutzern |
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13 zusammengestellt wurden. |
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14 Durchsuche die |
19706 | 15 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/pipermail/mplayer-users/">Archive</ulink> |
18640 | 16 nach einer Fülle von Diskussionen über alle Aspekte und Probleme mit |
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17 der Encodierung mittels <application>MEncoder</application>. |
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18 </para> |
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19 |
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20 <sect1 id="menc-feat-selecting-codec"> |
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21 <title>Auswahl der Codecs und Containerformate</title> |
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22 |
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23 <para> |
18640 | 24 Audio- und Videocodecs für die Encodierung werden mit den Optionen |
25 <option>-oac</option> und <option>-ovc</option> respektive gewählt. | |
26 Gib zum Beispiel folgendes ein: | |
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27 <screen>mencoder -ovc help</screen> |
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28 um alle von der <application>MEncoder</application>-Version auf deinem Rechner |
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29 unterstützten Video-Codecs aufzulisten. |
18640 | 30 Die folgenden Wahlmöglichkeiten stehen zur Verfügung: |
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31 </para> |
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32 <para> |
18640 | 33 Audiocodecs: |
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34 |
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35 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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36 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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37 <thead> |
18640 | 38 <row><entry>Audiocodecname</entry><entry>Beschreibung</entry></row> |
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39 </thead> |
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40 <tbody> |
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41 <row> |
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42 <entry>mp3lame</entry> |
18640 | 43 <entry>Encodiere nach VBR-, ABR- oder CBR-MP3 mittels LAME</entry> |
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44 </row> |
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45 <row> |
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46 <entry>lavc</entry> |
18640 | 47 <entry>Verwende einen der Audiocodecs von |
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48 <link linkend="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-audio-codecs"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link> |
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49 </entry> |
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50 </row> |
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51 <row> |
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52 <entry>faac</entry> |
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53 <entry>FAAC AAC Audio-Encoder</entry> |
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54 </row> |
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55 <row> |
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56 <entry>toolame</entry> |
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57 <entry>MPEG Audio Layer 2 Encoder</entry> |
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58 </row> |
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59 <row> |
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60 <entry>twolame</entry> |
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61 <entry>MPEG Audio Layer 2 Encoder basierend auf tooLAME</entry> |
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62 </row> |
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63 <row> |
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64 <entry>pcm</entry> |
18640 | 65 <entry>Unkomprimiertes PCM-Audio</entry> |
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66 </row> |
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67 <row> |
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68 <entry>copy</entry> |
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69 <entry>Nicht neu codieren, kopiere einfach nur komprimierte Frames</entry> |
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70 </row> |
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71 </tbody> |
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72 </tgroup> |
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73 </informaltable> |
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74 </para> |
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75 |
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76 <para> |
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77 Video-Codecs: |
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78 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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79 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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80 <thead> |
18640 | 81 <row><entry>Videocodecname</entry><entry>Beschreibung</entry></row> |
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82 </thead> |
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83 <tbody> |
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84 <row> |
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85 <entry>lavc</entry> |
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86 <entry>Verwende einen der Video-Codecs von |
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87 <link linkend="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-video-codecs"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link> |
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88 </entry> |
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89 </row> |
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90 <row> |
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91 <entry>xvid</entry> |
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92 <entry>XviD, MPEG-4 Advanced Simple Profile (ASP) Codec</entry> |
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93 </row> |
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94 <row> |
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95 <entry>x264</entry> |
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96 <entry>x264, MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC), AKA H.264 Codec</entry> |
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97 </row> |
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98 <row> |
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99 <entry>nuv</entry> |
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100 <entry>NuppelVideo, von Echtzeit-Anwendungen verwendet</entry> |
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101 </row> |
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102 <row> |
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103 <entry>raw</entry> |
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104 <entry>Unkomprimierte Video-Frames</entry> |
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105 </row> |
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106 <row> |
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107 <entry>copy</entry> |
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108 <entry>Nicht neu codieren, kopiere einfach nur komprimierte Frames</entry> |
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109 </row> |
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110 <row> |
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111 <entry>frameno</entry> |
18640 | 112 <entry>Verwendet für 3-pass-Encodierung (nicht empfohlen)</entry> |
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113 </row> |
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114 </tbody> |
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115 </tgroup> |
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116 </informaltable> |
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117 </para> |
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118 <para> |
18640 | 119 Ausgabe-Containerformate werden mittels der Option <option>-of</option> gewählt. |
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120 Gib folgendes ein |
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121 <screen>mencoder -of help</screen> |
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122 um alle von der <application>MEncoder</application>-Version auf deinem Rechner |
18640 | 123 unterstützten Videocodecs aufzulisten. |
124 Die folgenden Wahlmöglichkeiten stehen zur Verfügung: | |
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125 </para> |
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126 <para> |
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127 Containerformate: |
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128 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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129 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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130 <thead> |
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131 <row><entry>Name des Containerformats</entry><entry>Beschreibung</entry></row> |
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132 </thead> |
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133 <tbody> |
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134 <row> |
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135 <entry>lavf</entry> |
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136 <entry>Einer der von |
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137 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> |
18640 | 138 unterstützten Container</entry> |
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139 </row> |
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140 <row> |
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141 <entry>avi</entry> |
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142 <entry>Audio-Video Interleaved</entry> |
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143 </row> |
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144 <row> |
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145 <entry>mpeg</entry> |
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146 <entry>MPEG-1 und MPEG-2 PS</entry> |
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147 </row> |
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148 <row> |
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149 <entry>rawvideo</entry> |
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150 <entry>raw-Video-Stream (kein Muxen - nur ein Video-Stream)</entry> |
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151 </row> |
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152 <row> |
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153 <entry>rawaudio</entry> |
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154 <entry>raw-Audio-Stream (kein Muxen - nur ein Audio-Stream)</entry> |
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155 </row> |
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156 </tbody> |
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157 </tgroup> |
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158 </informaltable> |
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159 Der AVI-Container ist das ursprüngliche Containerformat für |
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160 <application>MEncoder</application>, was bedeutet, dass es der am besten |
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162 entworfen wurde. |
18640 | 163 Wie oben angemerkt können weitere Containerformate verwendet werden, jedoch |
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164 kann es bei deren Gebrauch zu Problemen kommen. |
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165 </para> |
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166 |
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167 <para> |
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168 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>-Container: |
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169 </para> |
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170 <para> |
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171 Wenn du für das Muxen der Ausgabedatei |
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172 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> verwendest |
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173 (mittels <option>-of lavf</option>), |
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175 ermittelt. |
18640 | 176 Du kannst ein bestimmtes Containerformat mit Hilfe der Option |
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177 <option>format</option> von <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> |
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178 erzwingen. |
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179 |
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180 <informaltable frame="all"> |
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181 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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182 <thead> |
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183 <row><entry><systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> Containername</entry><entry>Beschreibung</entry></row> |
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184 </thead> |
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185 <tbody> |
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186 <row> |
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187 <entry>mpg</entry> |
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188 <entry>MPEG-1 und MPEG-2 PS</entry> |
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189 </row> |
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190 <row> |
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191 <entry>asf</entry> |
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192 <entry>Advanced Streaming Format</entry> |
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193 </row> |
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194 <row> |
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195 <entry>avi</entry> |
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196 <entry>Audio-Video Interleaved</entry> |
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197 </row> |
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198 <row> |
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199 <entry>wav</entry> |
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200 <entry>Waveform Audio</entry> |
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201 </row> |
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202 <row> |
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203 <entry>swf</entry> |
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204 <entry>Macromedia Flash</entry> |
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205 </row> |
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206 <row> |
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207 <entry>flv</entry> |
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208 <entry>Macromedia Flash Video</entry> |
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209 </row> |
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210 <row> |
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211 <entry>rm</entry> |
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212 <entry>RealMedia</entry> |
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213 </row> |
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214 <row> |
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215 <entry>au</entry> |
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216 <entry>SUN AU</entry> |
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217 </row> |
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218 <row> |
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219 <entry>nut</entry> |
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220 <entry>NUT offener Container (experimentell und noch nicht Spec-konform)</entry> |
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221 </row> |
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222 <row> |
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223 <entry>mov</entry> |
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224 <entry>QuickTime</entry> |
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225 </row> |
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226 <row> |
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227 <entry>mp4</entry> |
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228 <entry>MPEG-4 Format</entry> |
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229 </row> |
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230 <row> |
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231 <entry>dv</entry> |
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232 <entry>Sony Digital Video Container</entry> |
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233 </row> |
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234 </tbody> |
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235 </tgroup> |
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236 </informaltable> |
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237 Wie du siehst, erlaubt <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> |
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238 <application>MEncoder</application>, in eine beachtliche Vielfalt an Containern |
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239 zu muxen. |
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240 Leider solltest du wirklich Paranoia angesichts der resultierenden Datei schieben, |
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241 da <application>MEncoder</application> nicht von Anfang an für die Unterstützung |
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242 anderer Containerformate als AVI entworfen wurde. |
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243 |
18640 | 244 Überprüfe bitte sicherheitshalber, ob die Audio-/Video-Synchronisierung in Ordnung ist |
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245 und ob die Datei von anderen Playern als <application>MPlayer</application> |
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246 wiedergegeben werden kann. |
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247 </para> |
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248 |
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249 <informalexample> |
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250 <para>Beispiel:</para> |
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251 <para> |
18696 | 252 Erzeugen eines Macromedia Flash Videos, das in einem Web-Browser mit dem |
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253 Macromedia Flash Plugin abgespielt werden kann: |
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254 <screen> |
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255 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.flv</replaceable> -of lavf -oac mp3lame -lameopts abr:br=56 -ovc lavc \ |
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256 -lavcopts vcodec=flv:vbitrate=500:mbd=2:mv0:trell:v4mv:cbp:last_pred=3 \ |
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257 -srate 22050 |
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258 </screen> |
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259 </para> |
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260 </informalexample> |
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261 |
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262 </sect1> |
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263 |
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264 |
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265 <sect1 id="menc-feat-selecting-input"> |
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266 <title>Auswahl von Eingabedatei oder -gerät</title> |
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267 |
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268 <para> |
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269 <application>MEncoder</application> kann aus Dateien oder direkt von |
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270 einer DVD- oder VCD-Disk encodieren. |
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271 Schließe einfach den Dateinamen in der Befehlszeile mit ein, um |
18696 | 272 von einer Datei zu ecodieren, oder |
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273 <option>dvd://</option><replaceable>Titelnummer</replaceable> |
18696 | 274 bzw. <option>vcd://</option><replaceable>Tracknummer</replaceable> zum |
275 Ecodieren von einem DVD-Titel oder VCD-Track. | |
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276 Wenn du bereits einmal eine DVD auf deine Festplatte kopiert hast |
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277 (du kannst ein Tool wie etwa <application>dvdbackup</application> |
18640 | 278 verwenden, auf den meisten Systemen verfügbar) |
18696 | 279 und von der Kopie encodieren willst, solltest du nach wie vor die Syntax |
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280 <option>dvd://</option> benutzen, zusammen mit <option>-dvd-device</option> |
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281 gefolgt vom Pfad zur kopierten DVD-Root. |
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282 |
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283 Die Optionen <option>-dvd-device</option> und <option>-cdrom-device</option> |
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284 können auch dazu genutzt werden, die Pfade zu den Geräte-Nodes zu überschreiben, |
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285 um direkt von der Disk zu lesen, falls die Standardoptionen |
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286 <filename>/dev/dvd</filename> und <filename>/dev/cdrom</filename> auf |
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287 deinem System nicht funktionieren. |
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288 </para> |
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289 <para> |
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290 Wenn du von einer DVD encodierst, ist es oft wünschenswert, ein zu |
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291 encodierendes Kapitel oder einen Bereich von Kapiteln auszuwählen. |
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292 Du kannst zu diesem Zweck die Option <option>-chapter</option> nutzen. |
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293 Zum Beispiel wird <option>-chapter</option> <replaceable>1-4</replaceable> |
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294 nur die Kapitel 1 bis 4 der DVD encodieren. |
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295 Dies ist besonders nützlich, wenn du eine für zwei CDs bestimmte |
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296 Encodierung mit 1400 MB durchführen willst, da du sicherstellen kannst, |
18640 | 297 dass die Unterbrechung exakt an den Kapitelgrenzen stattfindet, anstatt mitten |
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298 in einer Szene. |
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299 </para> |
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300 <para> |
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301 Besitzt du eine unterstützte TV-Capture-Karte, kannst du auch von einem |
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302 TV-In-Gerät encodieren. |
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303 Verwende <option>tv://</option><replaceable>Kanalnummer</replaceable> als |
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304 Dateinamen und <option>-tv</option> zur Konfiguration der zahlreichen |
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305 Aufnahmeeinstellungen. |
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306 Der DVB-Input funktioniert ähnlich. |
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307 </para> |
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308 </sect1> |
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309 |
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310 <sect1 id="menc-feat-handheld-psp"> |
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311 <title>Encodieren ins Sony PSP Video Format</title> |
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312 |
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313 <para> |
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314 <application>MEncoder</application> unterstützt das Encodieren in das |
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315 Sony PSP Video Format, allerdings gibt es, abhängig von der Version der PSP |
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316 Software, unterschiedliche Beschränkungen. |
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317 Wer sicher gehen möchte, sollte folgende Beschränkungen beachten: |
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318 <itemizedlist> |
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319 <listitem><para> |
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320 <emphasis role="bold">Bitrate</emphasis>: sollte 1500kbps |
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321 nicht überschreiten, frühere Versionen unterstützten allerdings fast jede |
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322 beliebige Bitrate, so lange der Header sagte, sie sei nicht zu hoch. |
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323 </para></listitem> |
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324 <listitem><para> |
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325 <emphasis role="bold">Dimensionen</emphasis>: die Breite und Höhe des |
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326 PSP videos sollte ein Vielfaches von 16 sein, und das Produkt Breite |
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327 * Höhe muss <= 64000 sein. |
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328 Unter gewissen Umständen kann es der PSP möglich sein, höhere |
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329 Auflösungen abzuspielen. |
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330 </para></listitem> |
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331 <listitem><para> |
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332 <emphasis role="bold">Audio</emphasis>: die Samplerate sollte für |
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333 MPEG-4 Videos 24khz, und für H.264 48khz betragen. |
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334 </para></listitem> |
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335 </itemizedlist> |
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336 </para> |
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337 |
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338 <example> |
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339 <title>Beispiel</title> |
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340 <para> |
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341 <screen> |
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342 mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of lavf -lavcopts |
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343 aglobal=1:vglobal=1:vcodec=mpeg4:acodec=aac \ |
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344 -af lavcresample=24000 -vf harddup -lavfopts |
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345 format=psp:i_certify_that_my_video_stream_does_not_use_b_frames \ |
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346 -ofps 30000/1001 input.video -o output.psp |
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347 </screen> |
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348 Der Titel des Videos kann folgendermaßen angepasst werden: |
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349 <option>-info name=<replaceable>MovieTitle</replaceable></option>. |
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350 </para> |
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351 </example> |
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352 </sect1> |
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353 |
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354 |
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355 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg4"> |
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356 <title>Encodieren von 2-pass-MPEG4 ("DivX")</title> |
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357 |
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358 <para> |
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359 Der Name kommt daher, dass diese Methode die Datei <emphasis>zweimal</emphasis> |
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360 encodiert. |
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361 Die erste Encodierung (synchronisierter Durchgang) erzeugt einige temporäre |
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362 Dateien (<filename>*.log</filename>) mit einer Größe von ein paar Megabyte, |
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363 lösche diese noch nicht (du kannst dabei die AVI löschen oder vielmehr einfach |
18640 | 364 kein Video erstellen, indem du sie nach <filename>/dev/null</filename> |
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365 umadressierst). |
18640 | 366 Im zweiten Durchgang wird die 2-pass-Ausgabedatei erzeugt, indem die |
367 Bitraten-Daten der temporären Dateien genutzt werden. Die sich daraus | |
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368 ergebende Datei wird eine viel bessere Bildqualität besitzen. Wenn du das |
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369 erste Mal davon gehört hast, solltest du einige im Netz verfügbare Handbücher |
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370 zu Rate ziehen. |
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371 </para> |
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372 |
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373 <example> |
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374 <title>Kopieren eines Audio-Tracks</title> |
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375 <para> |
18640 | 376 2-pass-Encodierung des zweiten Tracks einer DVD zu einer MPEG4 ("DivX") |
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377 AVI-Datei während des gleichzeitigen Kopierens des Audio-Tracks. |
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378 <screen> |
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379 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac copy -o /dev/null |
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380 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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381 </screen> |
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382 </para> |
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383 </example> |
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384 |
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385 <example> |
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386 <title>Encodieren eines Audio-Tracks</title> |
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387 <para> |
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388 2-pass-Encodierung einer DVD nach einer MPEG4 ("DivX") AVI-Datei |
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389 während des gleichzeitigen Encodierens des Audio-Tracks nach MP3. |
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390 Sei bei der Anwendung dieser Methode vorsichtig, da sie in einigen Fällen |
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391 zur Audio-/Video-Desynchronisierung führen kann. |
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392 <screen> |
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393 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o /dev/null |
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394 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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395 </screen> |
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396 </para> |
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397 </example> |
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398 </sect1> |
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399 |
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400 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg"> |
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401 <title>Encodieren ins MPEG-Format</title> |
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402 <para> |
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403 <application>MEncoder</application> kann Ausgabedateien im Format |
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404 MPEG (MPEG-PS) erzeugen. |
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405 Gewöhnlich, wenn du MPEG1- oder MPEG2-Videos benutzt, tust du dies, weil |
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406 du in ein erzwungenes Format wie SVCD, VCD oder DVD encodierst. |
18696 | 407 Die spezifischen Anforderungen an diese Formate werden im Abschnitt |
18640 | 408 <link linkend="menc-feat-vcd-dvd">Verwenden von MEncoder zum Erzeugen |
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409 VCD/SVCD/DVD-konformer Dateien</link> |
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410 beschrieben. |
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411 </para> |
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412 |
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413 <para> |
18696 | 414 Verwende die Option <option>-of mpeg</option>, um das Format der |
415 Ausgabedatei von <application>MEncoder</application> zu ändern. | |
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416 </para> |
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417 |
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418 <informalexample> |
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419 <para> |
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420 Beispiel: |
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421 <screen> |
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422 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -of mpeg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video -oac copy <replaceable>other_options</replaceable> -o <replaceable>output.mpg</replaceable> |
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423 </screen> |
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424 Erzeugen einer für das Abspielen auf Systemen mit minimalem Multimedia-Support |
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425 geeigneten MPEG1-Datei, wie etwa auf Standard-Windows-Installationen: |
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426 <screen> |
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427 mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -of mpeg -mpegopts format=mpeg1:tsaf:muxrate=2000 -o <replaceable>output.mpg</replaceable> -oac lavc -ovc lavc \ |
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428 -lavcopts acodec=mp2:abitrate=224:vcodec=mpeg1video:vbitrate=1152:keyint=15:mbd=2:aspect=4/3 |
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429 </screen> |
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430 </para> |
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431 </informalexample> |
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432 |
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433 <note><title>Hinweis:</title> |
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434 <para> |
18640 | 435 Wenn dich die Video-Qualität des zweiten Durchgangs aus irgendeinem |
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436 Grund nicht zufrieden gestellt hat, kannst du deine Encodierung |
18640 | 437 mit einer anderen Zielbitrate erneut durchlaufen lassen, vorausgesetzt, |
438 du hast die Statistikdateien des vorherigen Durchgangs gesichert. | |
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439 Dies ist möglich, weil das Primärziel der Statistikdateien die Aufzeichnung |
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440 der Komplexität jedes Frames ist, was nicht allzusehr von der Bitrate |
18640 | 441 abhängt. Du solltest daher beachten, dass du die besten Ergebnisse bekommst, |
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442 wenn alle Durchgänge mit nicht zu sehr voneinander abweichenden |
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443 Ziel-Bitraten durchlaufen werden. |
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444 </para> |
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445 </note> |
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446 |
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447 </sect1> |
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448 |
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449 <sect1 id="menc-feat-rescale"> |
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450 <title>Reskalierung von Filmen</title> |
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451 |
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452 <para> |
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453 Oft taucht die Notwendigkeit auf, die Größe der Bilder eines Films zu |
18696 | 454 ändern. Das kann viele Gründe haben: das Anwachsen der Dateigröße, |
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455 Netzwerkbandbreite etc. Die meisten Leute reskalieren gerade beim |
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456 Konvertieren von DVDs oder SVCDs nach DivX AVI. Wenn du reskalieren willst, |
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457 lies den Abschnitt <link linkend="aspect">Beibehalten des Seitenverhältnisses</link>. |
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458 </para> |
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459 |
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460 <para> |
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461 Der Skalierungsprozess wird vom <literal>scale</literal>-Video-Filter verarbeitet: |
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462 <option>-vf scale=<replaceable>Breite</replaceable>:<replaceable>Hoehe</replaceable></option>. |
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463 Seine Qualität kann mit der Option <option>-sws</option> gesetzt werden. |
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464 Ist sie nicht angegeben, wird <application>MEncoder</application> 2: bikubisch |
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465 verwenden. |
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466 </para> |
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467 |
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468 <para> |
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469 Anwendung: |
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470 <screen> |
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471 mencoder <replaceable>input.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -vf scale=640:480 -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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472 </screen> |
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473 </para> |
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474 </sect1> |
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475 |
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476 |
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477 <sect1 id="menc-feat-streamcopy"> |
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478 <title>Kopieren von Streams</title> |
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479 |
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480 <para> |
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481 <application>MEncoder</application> kann Input-Streams auf zwei Arten verarbeiten: |
18640 | 482 <emphasis role="bold">Encodiere</emphasis> oder <emphasis role="bold">kopiere</emphasis> |
483 sie. Dieser Abschnitt behandelt das <emphasis role="bold">Kopieren</emphasis>. | |
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484 </para> |
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485 |
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486 <itemizedlist> |
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487 <listitem><para> |
18640 | 488 <emphasis role="bold">Videostream</emphasis> (Option <option>-ovc copy</option>): |
18696 | 489 Damit kann man nette Sachen machen :) Wie etwa FLI oder VIVO oder |
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490 MPEG1-Video in eine AVI-Datei legen (nicht konvertieren!)! Sicherlich kann |
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491 nur <application>MPlayer</application> solche Dateien abspielen :) |
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492 Und es hat tatsächlich keine wirkliche Daseinsberechtigung. |
18640 | 493 Rational: Das Kopieren eines Video-Stream kann zum Beispiel dann |
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494 nützlich sein, wenn nur der Audio-Stream encodiert werden muß (wie |
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495 unkomprimiertes PCM nach MP3). |
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496 </para></listitem> |
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497 <listitem><para> |
18640 | 498 <emphasis role="bold">Audiostream</emphasis> (Option <option>-oac copy</option>): |
499 unkompliziert. Es ist möglich, eine externe Audio-Datei (MP3, | |
500 WAV) herzunehmen und sie in einen Ausgabestream zu muxen. Nimm dazu die | |
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501 Option <option>-audiofile <replaceable>Dateinamename</replaceable></option>. |
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502 </para></listitem> |
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503 </itemizedlist> |
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504 |
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505 <para> |
18640 | 506 Das Anwenden von <option>-oac copy</option>, um von einem |
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507 Containerformat zum anderen zu kopieren, kann |
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508 <option>-fafmttag</option> erfordern, um das Audio-Format-Tag der Originaldatei |
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509 beizubehalten. |
18640 | 510 Wenn du zum Beispiel eine NSV-Datei mit AAC-Audio in einen AVI-Container |
511 konvertierst, wird der Audio-Format-Tag fehlerhaft sein und muss geändert | |
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512 werden. <filename>codecs.conf</filename> enthält eine Liste von |
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513 Audio-Format-Tags. |
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514 </para> |
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515 |
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516 <para> |
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517 Beispiel: |
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518 <screen> |
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519 mencoder <replaceable>input.nsv</replaceable> -oac copy -fafmttag 0x706D -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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520 </screen> |
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521 </para> |
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522 |
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523 </sect1> |
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524 |
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525 |
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526 <sect1 id="menc-feat-enc-images"> |
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527 <title>Encodieren von mehreren Input-Bilddateien (JPEG, PNG, TGA, SGI)</title> |
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528 |
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529 <para> |
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530 <application>MEncoder</application> ist in der Lage, Filme aus einer oder |
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531 mehreren JPEG-, PNG- oder TGA-Dateien zu erzeugen. Mit einem einfachen |
18696 | 532 framecopy kann es Dateien wie MJPEG (Motion JPEG), MPNG (Motion PNG) |
533 oder MTGA (Motion TGA) generieren. | |
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534 </para> |
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535 |
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536 <orderedlist> |
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537 <title>Erläuterung des Prozesses:</title> |
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538 <listitem><para> |
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539 <application>MEncoder</application> <emphasis>decodiert</emphasis> das/die |
18640 | 540 Input-Bild(er) mittels <systemitem class="library">libjpeg</systemitem> |
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541 (beim Decodieren von PNGs nimmt er <systemitem class="library">libpng</systemitem>). |
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542 </para></listitem> |
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543 <listitem><para> |
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544 <application>MEncoder</application> führt dann das decodierte Bild dem |
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545 gewählten Video-Kompressor zu (DivX4, XviD, FFmpeg msmpeg4, etc). |
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546 </para></listitem> |
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547 </orderedlist> |
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548 |
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549 <formalpara> |
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550 <title>Beispiele</title> |
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551 <para> |
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552 Die Erklärung der Option <option>-mf</option> steht in der Manpage. |
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553 |
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554 <informalexample> |
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555 <para> |
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556 Erzeugen einer MPEG4-Datei aus allen im aktuellen Verzeichnis liegenden |
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557 JPEG-Dateien: |
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558 <screen> |
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559 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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560 </screen> |
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561 </para> |
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562 </informalexample> |
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563 |
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564 <informalexample> |
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565 <para> |
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566 Erzeugen einer MPEG4-Datei aus einigen im aktuellen Verzeichnis liegenden |
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567 JPEG-Dateien: |
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568 <screen> |
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569 mencoder mf://<replaceable>frame001.jpg,frame002.jpg</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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570 </screen> |
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571 </para> |
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572 </informalexample> |
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573 |
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574 <informalexample> |
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575 <para> |
18640 | 576 Erzeugen einer MPEG4-Datei aus einer eindeutigen Liste von JPEG-Dateien (list.txt im |
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577 aktuellem Verzeichnis enthält die Liste von Dateien, die als Quelle genutzt werden |
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578 sollen, eine pro Zeile): |
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579 <screen> |
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580 mencoder mf://<replaceable>@list.txt</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg \ |
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581 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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582 </screen> |
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583 </para> |
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584 </informalexample> |
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585 |
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586 <informalexample> |
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587 <para> |
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588 Erzeugen einer Motion JPEG (MJPEG) Datei aus allen im aktuellen Verzeichnis liegenden |
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589 JPEG-Dateien: |
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590 <screen> |
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591 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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592 </screen> |
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593 </para> |
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594 </informalexample> |
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595 |
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596 <informalexample> |
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597 <para> |
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598 Erzeugen einer unkomprimierten Datei aus allen PNG-Dateien im aktuellen Verzeichnis: |
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599 <screen> |
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600 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> |
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601 </screen> |
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602 </para> |
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603 </informalexample> |
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604 |
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605 <note><para> |
18640 | 606 Die Breite muß ein Vielfaches von 4 sein, dies ist eine Einschränkung des |
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607 RAW RGB AVI Formats. |
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608 </para></note> |
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609 |
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610 <informalexample> |
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611 <para> |
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612 Erzeugen einer Motion PNG (MPNG) Datei aus allen PNG-Dateien im aktuellen Verzeichnis: |
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613 <screen> |
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614 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable> <!-- |
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615 --></screen> |
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616 </para> |
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617 </informalexample> |
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618 |
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619 <informalexample> |
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620 <para> |
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621 Erzeugen einer Motion TGA (MTGA) Datei aus allen TGA-Dateien im aktuellen Verzeichnis: |
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622 <screen> |
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623 mencoder mf://*.tga -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=tga -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable><!-- |
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624 --></screen> |
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625 </para> |
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626 </informalexample> |
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627 |
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628 </para> |
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629 </formalpara> |
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630 </sect1> |
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631 |
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632 |
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633 <sect1 id="menc-feat-extractsub"> |
18696 | 634 <title>Extrahieren von DVD-Untertiteln in eine VOBsub-Datei</title> |
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635 |
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636 <para> |
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637 <application>MEncoder</application> kann Untertitel aus einer DVD |
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638 in VOBsub-formatierte Dateien extrahieren. Diese bestehen aus einem |
18696 | 639 Paar von Dateien mit den Endungen <filename>.idx</filename> und |
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640 <filename>.sub</filename> und sind für gewöhnlich in ein einzelnes |
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641 <filename>.rar</filename>-Archiv gepackt. |
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642 <application>MPlayer</application> kann diese mit den Optionen |
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643 <option>-vobsub</option> und <option>-vobsubid</option> abspielen. |
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644 </para> |
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645 |
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646 <para> |
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647 Du legst den Basisnamen der Ausgabedateien (z.B ohne die Erweiterung |
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648 <filename>.idx</filename> oder <filename>.sub</filename>) |
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649 mittels <option>-vobsubout</option> fest und den Index für diesen |
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650 Untertitel der resultierenden Dateien mit <option>-vobsuboutindex</option>. |
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651 </para> |
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652 |
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653 <para> |
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654 Stammt der Input nicht von einer DVD, solltest du <option>-ifo</option> |
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655 verwenden, um die zur Konstruktion der resultierenden |
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656 <filename>.idx</filename>-Datei benötigten <filename>.ifo</filename>-Datei |
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657 anzugeben. |
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658 </para> |
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659 |
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660 <para> |
18640 | 661 Stammt der Input nicht von einer DVD und besitzt du die |
662 <filename>.ifo</filename>-Datei nicht, musst du die Option | |
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663 <option>-vobsubid</option> anwenden, um ihn wissen zu lassen, welche |
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664 Sprach-ID in die <filename>.idx</filename>-Datei eingefügt werden soll. |
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665 </para> |
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666 |
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667 <para> |
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668 Jeder Start wird den laufenden Untertitel anhängen, falls die |
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669 <filename>.idx</filename>- und <filename>.sub</filename>-Dateien bereits |
18640 | 670 existieren. Also solltest du beide vor dem Start entfernen. |
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671 </para> |
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672 |
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673 <example> |
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674 <title>Kopieren zweier Untertitel aus einer DVD während einer 2-pass-Encodierung</title> |
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675 <screen> |
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676 rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub |
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677 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 -sid 2 |
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678 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 1 -sid 5<!-- |
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679 --></screen> |
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680 </example> |
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681 |
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682 <example> |
18640 | 683 <title>Kopieren eines französichen Untertitels aus einer MPEG-Datei</title> |
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684 <screen> |
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685 rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub |
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686 mencoder <replaceable>movie.mpg</replaceable> -ifo <replaceable>movie.ifo</replaceable> -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 -vobsuboutid fr -sid 1 -nosound -ovc copy |
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687 </screen> |
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688 </example> |
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689 |
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690 </sect1> |
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691 |
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692 <sect1 id="aspect"> |
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693 <title>Beibehalten des Seitenverhältnisses</title> |
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694 <para> |
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695 Dateien von DVDs und SVCDs (z.B. MPEG1/2) enthalten einen Wert für das |
18640 | 696 Seitenverhältnis, welcher beschreibt, wie der Player den Videostream |
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697 skalieren soll, damit Menschen keine Eierköpfe kriegen |
18696 | 698 (Beispiel: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). Beim Encodieren zu AVI-(DivX)-Dateien |
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699 musst du dir bewusst sein, dass AVI-Header diesen Wert nicht abspeichern. |
18640 | 700 Das Reskalieren des Films ist ätzend und zeitaufwändig, da muss es doch |
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701 einen besseren Weg geben! |
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702 </para> |
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703 |
18640 | 704 <para>Es gibt ihn.</para> |
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705 |
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706 <para> |
18640 | 707 MPEG4 besitzt ein einzigartiges Feature: Der Video-Stream kann sein |
708 benötigtes Seitenverhältnis enthalten. Ja, genau wie MPEG1/2 (DVD, SVCD) | |
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709 und H.263 Dateien. Bedauerlicherweise gibt es abgesehen von |
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710 <application>MPlayer</application> wenige Video-Player, die dieses |
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711 MPEG4-Attribut unterstützen. |
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712 </para> |
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713 |
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714 <para> |
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715 Dieses Feature kann nur mit dem <systemitem>mpeg4</systemitem>-Codec von |
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716 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link> |
18640 | 717 verwendet werden. Vergiss nicht: Obwohl <application>MPlayer</application> |
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718 die erzeugte Datei korrekt abspielen wird, könnten andere Player das verkehrte |
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719 Seitenverhältnis benutzen. |
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720 </para> |
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721 |
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722 <para> |
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723 Du solltest auf jeden Fall die schwarzen Bänder oberhalb und unterhalb des |
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724 Filmbildes abschneiden. |
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725 In der Manpage steht mehr zur Verwendung der Filter <systemitem>cropdetect</systemitem> |
18640 | 726 und <systemitem>crop</systemitem>. |
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727 </para> |
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728 |
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729 <para> |
18640 | 730 Anwendung: |
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731 <screen>mencoder <replaceable>sample-svcd.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:autoaspect -vf crop=714:548:0:14 -oac copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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732 </para> |
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733 </sect1> |
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734 |
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735 </chapter> |