annotate DOCS/it/sound.html @ 10218:f82646fc1431

Moved video filters to a separate section, moved slave mode section to the tech subdir, random improvements, default indentation reduced. Straight from the LUG camp Felsberg by Jonas and Diego.
author jonas
date Sat, 31 May 2003 16:41:41 +0000
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1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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2 <HTML>
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3 <!-- sync with english version 1.75 -->
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4
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5 <HEAD>
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6 <TITLE>Suono - MPlayer - Movie Player per Linux</TITLE>
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7 <LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="../default.css">
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8 <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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9 </HEAD>
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10
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11 <BODY>
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12
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13
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14 <H3><A NAME="audio">2.3.2. Dispositivi di output audio</A></H3>
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15
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16 <H4><A NAME="sync">2.3.2.1 Sincronizzazione Audio/Video</A></H4>
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17
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18 <P>L'interfaccia audio di MPlayer è chiamata <I>libao2</I>. Attualmente contiene
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19 questi driver :</P>
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20
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21 <DL>
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22 <DT>oss</DT>
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23 <DD>driver OSS (ioctl)(supporta il passaggio hardware AC3)</DD>
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24
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25 <DT>sdl</DT>
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26 <DD>driver SDL (supporta <B>ESD</B> e <B>ARTS</B>)</DD>
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27
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28 <DT>nas</DT>
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29 <DD>driver NAS (Network Audio System, sistema audio per la rete, ndt)</DD>
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30
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31 <DT>alsa5</DT>
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32 <DD>driver nativo ALSA 0.5</DD>
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33
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34 <DT>alsa9</DT>
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35 <DD>driver nativo ALSA 0.9 (supporta il passaggio hardware AC3)</DD>
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36
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37 <DT>sun</DT>
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38 <DD>driver audio SUN (<CODE>/dev/audio</CODE>) per utenti BSD e Solaris8</DD>
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39
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40 <DT>arts</DT>
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41 <DD>driver ARTS nativo (principalmente per utenti KDE)</DD>
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42
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43 <DT>esd</DT>
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44 <DD>driver ESD nativo (principalmente per utenti GNOME)</DD>
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45 </DL>
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46
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47 <P>I driver per le schede sonore di Linux hanno problemi di compatibilità.
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48 Questo perchè MPlayer fa affidamento su una caratteristica dei driver audio
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49 <EM>scritti in modo corretto</EM> per mantenere la sincronia audio/video.
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50 Purtroppo, alcuni autori di driver non si preoccupano di questa funzione,
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51 poiché non è necessaria per leggere MP3 e per effetti sonori.</P>
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52
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53 <P>Può essere che altri lettori come
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54 <A HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net">aviplay</A> o
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55 <A HREF="http://xine.sourceforge.net">xine</A> funzionino anche con questi
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56 driver perchè usano dei metodi "semplici" con un timer interno. Test hanno
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57 dimostrato che i loro metodi non sono efficienti come quello di MPlayer.</P>
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58
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59 <P>Usare MPlayer con un driver audio scritto correttamente non ti darà mai una
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60 desincronizzazione A/V relativa all'audio, tranne che con file fatti davvero
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61 male (controlla la documentazione per aggirare questi problemi).</P>
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62
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63 <P>Se per caso hai un cattivo driver audio, prova l'opzione <CODE>-autosync</CODE>,
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64 dovrebbe risolvere i tuoi problemi. Vedi la pagina di man per informazioni più
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65 dettagliate.</P>
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66
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67 <P>Alcune note:</P>
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68
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69
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70 <UL>
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71 <LI>Se hai OSS come driver, prima prova con <CODE>-ao oss</CODE> (questo è il
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72 default). Se riscontri interruzioni, o qualunque cosa fuori dall'ordinario,
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73 prova <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE> (NOTA: naturalmente devi avere le librerie SDL ed i
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74 file di sviluppo installati). Il driver SDL aiuta in molti casi e supporta
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75 anche ESD (GNOME) e ARTS (KDE).</LI>
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76
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77 <LI>Se hai ALSA versione 0.5, allora dovrai usare quasi sempre
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78 <CODE>-ao alsa5</CODE>, dato che la 0.5 ha un codice di emulazione OSS con dei
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79 bug, e manderà in <B>crash MPlayer</B> con un messaggio come questo:<BR>
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80 <CODE>DEMUXER: Too many (945 in 8390980 bytes) video packets in the buffer!</CODE>
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81 </LI>
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82
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83 <LI>Su sistemi Solaris, usa il driver audio SUN con l'opzione
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84 <CODE>-ao sun</CODE>, altrimenti non avrai né riproduzione video, né audio.</LI>
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85 <LI>Se il suono presenta dei click durante la riproduzione da CD-ROM, attiva
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86 l'IRQ unmasking, cioè <CODE>hdparm -u1 /dev/cdrom</CODE>
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87 (<CODE>man hdparm</CODE>). Questo è solitamente utile, ed è descritto in
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88 dettaglio nella sezione <A HREF="cd-dvd.html#drives">CD-ROM</A>.</LI>
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89 </UL>
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90
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91
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92 <H4><A NAME="experiences">2.3.2.2. Esperienze con le schede sonore, raccomandazioni</A></H4>
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93
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94 <P>Su Linux, usa il kernel 2.4.x se possibile, il 2.2 non è stato testato</P>
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95
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96 <P>I driver audio di Linux sono per la maggior parte provenienti dalla versione
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97 free di OSS. Questi driver sono stati sostituiti da
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98 <A HREF="http://www.alsa-project.org">ALSA</A> (Advanced Linux Sound
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99 Architecture, architettura sonora avanzata per Linux, ndt) nella versione 2.5
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100 in sviluppo. Se la tua distribuzione non utilizza già ALSA, puoi provare
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101 questi se hai problemi con l'audio. I driver ALSA sono generalmente superiori
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102 a quelli OSS per compatibilità, performance e funzioni. Ma alcune schede audio
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103 sono supportate solo dalla versione commerciale dei driver OSS di
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104 <A HREF="http://opensound.com/">4Front Technologies</A>. Questi supportano
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105 anche parecchi sistemi non-Liunx.</P>
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106
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107 <TABLE BORDER="1" WIDTH="100%">
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108
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109 <TR>
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110 <TH ROWSPAN="2"><B>SCHEDA SONORA</B></TH>
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111 <TH COLSPAN="4"><B>DRIVER</B></TH>
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112 <TH ROWSPAN="2"><B>Max kHz</B></TH>
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113 <TH ROWSPAN="2"><B>Max Canali</B></TH>
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114 <TH ROWSPAN="2"><B>Max Aperture<FONT SIZE="-2"><A HREF=#note1>[1]</A></FONT></B></TH>
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115 </TR>
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116
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117 <TR>
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118 <TH><B>OSS/Free</B></TH>
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119 <TH><B>ALSA</B></TH>
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120 <TH><B>OSS/Pro</B></TH>
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121 <TH><B>Altro</B></TH>
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122 </TR>
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123
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124 <TR>
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125 <TD><B>VIA integrato (686/A/B, 8233, 8235)</B></TD>
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126 <TD><A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3242&amp;release_id=59602">via82cxxx_audio</A></TD>
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127 <TD>snd-via82xx</TD>
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128 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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129 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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130 <TD>4-48 kHz o solo 48 kHz, dipende dal chipset</TD>
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131 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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132 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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133 </TR>
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134
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135 <TR>
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136 <TD><B>Aureal Vortex 2</B></TD>
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137 <TD>Nessuno</TD>
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138 <TD>Nessuno</TD>
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139 <TD>OK</TD>
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140 <TD><A HREF="http://aureal.sourceforge.net">Driver Linux Aureal</A><BR>
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141 <A HREF="http://makacs.poliod.hu/~pontscho/aureal/au88xx-1.1.3.tar.bz2">Dimensione buffer aumentata a 32k</A></TD>
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142 <TD>48</TD>
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143 <TD>4.1</TD>
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144 <TD>5+</TD>
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145 </TR>
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146
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147 <TR>
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148 <TD><B>SB Live!</B></TD>
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149 <TD>Analogico OK, SP/DIF non funzionante</TD>
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150 <TD>Entrambi OK</TD>
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151 <TD>Entrambi OK</TD>
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152 <TD><A HREF="http://opensource.creative.com">Driver OSS di Creative (con supporto SP/DIF)</A></TD>
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153 <TD>192</TD>
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154 <TD>4.0/5.1</TD>
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155 <TD>32</TD>
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156 </TR>
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2729796fb896 Italian translation
frodone
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157
9864
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158 <TR>
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159 <TD><B>SB 128 PCI (es1371)</B></TD>
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160 <TD>OK</TD>
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161 <TD>?</TD>
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162 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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163 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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164 <TD>48</TD>
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165 <TD>Stereo</TD>
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166 <TD>2</TD>
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167 </TR>
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168
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169 <TR>
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170 <TD><B>SB AWE 64</B></TD>
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171 <TD>Max 44kHz</TD>
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172 <TD>A 48kHz suona male</TD>
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173 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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174 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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175 <TD>48</TD>
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176 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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177 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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178 </TR>
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2729796fb896 Italian translation
frodone
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179
9864
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180 <TR>
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181 <TD><B>GUS PnP</B></TD>
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182 <TD>Nessuno</TD>
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183 <TD>OK</TD>
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184 <TD>OK</TD>
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185 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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186 <TD>48</TD>
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187 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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188 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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189 </TR>
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190
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191 <TR>
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192 <TD><B>Gravis UltraSound ACE</B></TD>
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193 <TD>Non OK</TD>
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194 <TD>OK</TD>
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195 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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196 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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197 <TD>44</TD>
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198 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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199 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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200 </TR>
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201
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202 <TR>
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203 <TD><B>Gravis UltraSound MAX</B></TD>
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204 <TD>OK</TD>
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205 <TD>OK (?)</TD>
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206 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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207 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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208 <TD>48</TD>
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209 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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210 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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211 </TR>
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212
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213 <TR>
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214 <TD><B>ESS 688</B></TD>
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215 <TD>OK</TD>
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216 <TD>OK (?)</TD>
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217 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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218 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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219 <TD>48</TD>
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220 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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221 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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222 </TR>
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223
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224 <TR>
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225 <TD><B>Schede C-Media (quali?)</B></TD>
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226 <TD>Non OK (sibila) (?)</TD>
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227 <TD>OK</TD>
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228 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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229 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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230 <TD>?</TD>
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231 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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232 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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233 </TR>
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234
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235 <TR>
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236 <TD><B>Schede Yamaha (*ymf*)</B></TD>
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237 <TD>Non OK (?) (forse <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE>)</TD>
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238 <TD>OK solo con ALSA 0.5 con emulazione OSS <B>E</B>
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239 <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE> (!) (?)</TD>
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240 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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241 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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242 <TD>?</TD>
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243 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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244 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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245 </TR>
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246
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247 <TR>
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248 <TD><B>Schede con chip envy24 (come Terratec EWS88MT)</B></TD>
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249 <TD>?</TD>
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250 <TD>?</TD>
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251 <TD>OK</TD>
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252 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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253 <TD>?</TD>
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254 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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255 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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256 </TR>
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2729796fb896 Italian translation
frodone
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257
9864
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258 <TR>
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259 <TD><B>PC Speaker o DAC</B></TD>
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260 <TD>OK</TD>
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261 <TD>Nessuno</TD>
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262 <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
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263 <TD><A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/stssppnn/pcsp.html">Driver OSS Linux per PC speaker</a></TD>
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264 <TD>Il driver emula 44.1, forse più.</TD>
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265 <TD>Mono</TD>
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266 <TD>1</TD>
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267 </TR>
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2729796fb896 Italian translation
frodone
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268
9864
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269 </TABLE>
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270
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271 <P><A NAME="note1"><B>[1]</B></A>: numero di applicazioni che sono in grado di
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272 usare <I>contemporaneamente</I> il dispositivo.</P>
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273
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274 <P>Per favore dicci come MPlayer e la tua scheda sonora hanno lavorato insieme!</P>
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275
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2729796fb896 Italian translation
frodone
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276
9864
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277 <H4><A NAME="af">2.3.2.3 Filtri audio</A></H4>
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278
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279 <P>I vecchi plugin audio sono stati sostituiti dai nuovi filtri audio. I filtri
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280 audio sono usati per cambiare le proprietà dei dati audio prima che
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281 raggiungano la scheda sonora. L'attivazione e disattivazione dei filtri è
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282 normalmente automatica, ma può essere forzata. I filtri sono abilitati quando
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283 le caratteristiche dei dati audio differiscono da quelle richieste
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284 dalla scheda sonora e disattivati se non necessari. L'opzione
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285 <CODE>-af filtro1,filtro2,...</CODE> è usata per scavalcare l'attivazione
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286 automatica dei filtri o per aggiungere filtri che non sono inseriti
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287 automaticamente. I filtri saranno eseguiti nell'ordine con cui appaiono nella
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288 lista.</P>
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289
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290 <P>Esempio:<BR>
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291 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af resample,pan movie.avi </CODE></P>
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292
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293 <P>farà passare il suono attraverso il filtro di ricampionamento, seguito da
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294 quello pan.
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295 Nota che la lista non deve contrnere spazi, altrimenti non funzionerà.</P>
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296
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297 <P>I filtri possono anche avere opzioni che ne modificano il comportamento. Queste
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298 sono spiegate in dettaglio nelle sezioni sotto. Un plugin sarà eseguito
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299 con la configurazione di default se non vengono date opzioni. Esempi di come usare
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300 plugin in combinazione con loro opzioni specifiche:</P>
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301
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302 <P>&nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af resample=11025,pan=1:0.5:0.5 -channels 1
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303 -srate 11025 media.avi</CODE></P>
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304
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305 <P>imposterà la frequenza d'uscita del filtro di ricampionamento a 11025Hz e
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306 ridurrà l'audio ad 1 canale usando il filtro pan.</P>
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307
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308 <P>Il funzionamento complessivo del sistema di filtri è controllato dall'opzione
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309 <CODE>-af-adv</CODE>. Questa opzione ha due sotto-opzioni:</P>
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310
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311 <DL>
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312 <DT><CODE>force</CODE><DT>
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313 <DD>è un parametro che controlla come i filtri vengnono inseriti e quali
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314 ottimizzazioni di velocità/accuratezza usano:
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315 <DL>
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316 <DT><CODE>0</CODE></DT>
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317 <DD>Usa l'inserimento automatico dei filtri ed ottimizza secondo la
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318 velocità della CPU.</DD>
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319 <DT><CODE>1</CODE></DT>
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320 <DD>Usa l'inserimento automatico dei filtri ed ottimizza per la massima
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321 velocità.<BR>
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322 <EM>Attenzione:</EM> Alcune funzionu dei filtri audio possono essere
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323 ignorate senza avviso, e la qualità sonora può peggiorare.</DD>
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324 <DT><CODE>2</CODE></DT>
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325 <DD>Usa l'inserimento automatico dei filtri ed ottimizza per la massima
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326 qualità.</DD>
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327 <DT><CODE>3</CODE></DT>
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328 <DD>Non usare l'inserimento automatico dei filtri e non ottimizzare.<BR>
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329 <I>Attenzione:</I> E' possibile crashare MPlayer usando questa
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330 impostazione.</DD>
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331 <DT><CODE>4</CODE></DT>
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332 <DD>Usa l'inserimento automatico dei filtri come per 0, ma usa calcoli in
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333 floating point quando possibile.</DD>
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334 <DT><CODE>5</CODE></DT>
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335 <DD>Usa l'inserimento automatico dei filtri come per 1, ma usa calcoli in
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336 floating point quando possibile.</DD>
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337 <DT><CODE>6</CODE></DT>
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338 <DD>Usa l'inserimento automatico dei filtri come per 2, ma usa calcoli in
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339 floating point quando possibile.</DD>
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340 <DT><CODE>7</CODE></DT>
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341 <DD>Usa l'inserimento automatico dei filtri come per 3, e usa calcoli in
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342 floating point quando possibile.</DD>
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343 </DL>
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344 </DD>
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345
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346 <DT><CODE>list</CODE></DT>
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347 <DD>è un alias per l'opzione -af.</DD>
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348 </DL>
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349
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350 <P>Il sistema di filtri è influenzato anche dalle seguenti opzioni generali:
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351
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352 <DL>
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353 <DT><CODE>-v</CODE></DT>
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354 <DD>Aumenta il livello di verbosità e fa in modo che la maggior parte dei
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355 filtri stampino messaggi di stato in più.</DD>
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356 <DT><CODE>-channels</CODE></DT>
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357 <DD>questa opzione imposta il numero di canali d'uscita da utilizzare sulla
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358 scheda sonora.
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359 Influenza anche il numero di canali che vengono decodificati. Se la
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360 sorgente contiene meno canali di quelli richiesti, verrà automaticamente
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361 inserito il filtro channels (vedi sotto). L'instradamento avverrà secondo le
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362 regole predefinite del filtro channels.</DD>
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363 <DT><CODE>-srate</CODE></DT>
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364 <DD>Questa opzione seleziona la frequenza di campionamento che vuoi usare
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365 per la scheda sonora (attenzione al limiti della scheda). Se la frequenza
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366 di campionamento della tua scheda sonora è diversa da quella della sorgente,
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367 sarà inserito automaticamente il filtro resample (vedi sotto) per compensare
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368 la differenza.</DD>
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369 <DT><CODE>-format</CODE><DT>
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370 <DD>Questa opzione imposta il formato di campionamento dei dati da passare
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371 alla scheda sonora. Se il formato richiesto dalla tua scheda sonora è
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372 diverso da quello della sorgente, verrà inserito automaticamente il filtro
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373 format (vedi sottow) per correggere la differenza.</DD>
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374 </DL>
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frodone
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375
2729796fb896 Italian translation
frodone
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376
9864
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377 <H4><A NAME="af_resample">2.3.2.3.1 Sovra/sottocampionamento</A></H4>
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378
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379 <P>MPlayer supporta pienamente il sopra/sotto campionamento del suono tramite il
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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380 filtro <CODE>resample</CODE>. Può essere usato se hai una scheda sonora a
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381 frequenza fissa o se devi usare una vecchia scheda sonora in grado di usare al
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382 massimo 44.1kHz. Questo filtro è abilitato automaticamente se è necessario,
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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383 ma può anche essere selezionato esplicitamente sulla riga di comando.
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384 Ha tre opzioni:</P>
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385
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386 <DL>
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387 <DT><CODE>freq.campionamento &lt;8000-192000&gt;</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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388 <DD>è un intero usato per selezionare la frequenza di campionamento d'uscita
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389 in Hz. I valori validi per questo parametro vanno da 8kHz a 192kHz. Se le
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390 frequenze si campionamento d'ingresso e di uscita sono uguali o se questo
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391 parametro viene omesso, il filtro è automaticamente disabilitato. Una
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392 frequenza di campionamento elevata solitamente migliora la qualità del
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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393 suono, specialmente quando usata in combinazione con altri filtri.</DD>
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394
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395 <DT><CODE>approssimazione</CODE></DT>
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396 <DD>è unn parametro opzionale che consente un piccolo errore sulla frequenza
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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397 indicata da <CODE>srate</CODE>. Questa opzione può essere usata se l'avvio
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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398 della riproduzione è molto lento. E' normalmente abilitata.</DD>
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399
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400 <DT><CODE>tipo &lt;0-2&gt;</CODE><DT>
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401 <DD>è un parametro intero opzionale tra <CODE>0</CODE> e <CODE>2</CODE> che
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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402 sceglie quale metodo di ricampionamento usare. <CODE>0</CODE> indica
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403 interpolazione lineare, <CODE>1</CODE> indica l'uso di un banco di filtri
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404 polyphase con calcoli interi e <CODE>2</CODE> indica l'uso di un banco di
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405 filtri polyphase con calcoli floating point. L'interpolazione lineare è
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406 molto veloce, ma ha scarsa qualità soprattutto in sovracampionamento. La
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407 migliore qualità è data da <CODE>2</CODE> ma questo metodo è il più pesante
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408 come carico sulla CPU.</DD>
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409 </DL>
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410
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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411 <P>Esempio:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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412 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af resample=44100:0:0</CODE></P>
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413
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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414 <P>imposta la frequenza d'uscita a 44100Hz esatti con algoritmo lineare.</P>
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415
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416
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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417 <H4><A NAME="af_channels">2.3.2.3.2 Cambiare il numero di canali</A></H4>
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418
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419 <P>Il filtro <CODE>channels</CODE> puo essere usato per aggiungere e togliere i
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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420 canali, inoltre può anche copiare o instradare i canali. E' attivato
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421 automaticamente quando l'uscita del sistema di filtri audio differisce da
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422 quella della sorgente o quando è richiesto da un altro filtro. Questo filtro
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423 si disattiva quando non è necessario.
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424 Il numero delle opzioni può variare:</P>
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425
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426 <DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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427 <DT><CODE>nch &lt;1-6&gt;</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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428 <DD>è un intero compreso tra <CODE>1</CODE> e <CODE>6</CODE> usato per
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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429 impostare il numero dei canali in uscita. Questa opzione è necessaria, se
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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430 omessa si ha un errore in esecuzione.</DD>
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431
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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432 <DT><CODE>nr &lt;1-6&gt;</CODE></DT>
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433 <DD>è un intero compreso tra <CODE>1</CODE> e <CODE>6</CODE> usato per
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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434 impostare il numero di destinazioni. Questo parametro è opzionale. Se è
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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435 omesso, viene utilizzato l'instradamento predefinito.</DD>
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436
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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437 <DT><CODE>da1:a1:da2:a2:da3:a3...</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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diff changeset
438 <DD>sono coppie di numeri tra <CODE>0</CODE> e <CODE>5</CODE> che definiscono
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
439 dove ogni canale deve essere instradato.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
440 </DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
441
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
442 <P>se è usato solo <CODE>nch</CODE> viene usato l'instradamento predefinito, che
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
443 funziona così: se il numero di canali in uscita è maggiore di quelli in
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
444 ingresso, vengono inseriti canali vuoti (tranne nel passaggio da mono a
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
445 stereo, in cui il canale mono è ripetuto in entrambe le uscite). Se il numero
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
446 dei canali in uscita è minore di quelli in ingresso, i canali in eccesso
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
447 vengono eliminati.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
448
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
449 <P>Esempio 1:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
450 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af channels=4:4:0:1:1:0:2:2:3:3 media.avi </CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
451
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
452 <P>genera 4 canali in uscita da 4 in ingresso, scambia il canale 0 con il
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
453 canale 4 lasciando invariata la posizione dei canali 2 e 3. Nota che, se la
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
454 sorgente contiene solo 2 canali, le uscite 2 e 3 conterranno silenzio, mentre
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
455 la 0 e la 1 verranno comunque scambiate.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
456
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
457 <P>Esempio 2:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
458 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af channels=6:4:0:0:0:1:0:2:0:3 media.avi </CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
459
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
460 <P>genera 6 canali in uscita da 4 in ingresso, copiando l'ingresso 0 sulle
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
461 uscite da 0 a 3. I canali 4 e 5 conterranno silenzio.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
462
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
463
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
464 <H4><A NAME="af_format">2.3.2.3.3 Convertitore del formato di campionamento</A></H4>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
465
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
466 <P>Il filtro <CODE>format</CODE> converte tra diversi formati di campionamento.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
467 E' attivato automaticalmente se necessario per la scheda sonora o per un altro
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
468 filtro.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
469
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
470 <DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
471 <DT><CODE>bps &lt;numero&gt;</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
472 <DD>può essere <CODE>1</CODE>, <CODE>2</CODE> o <CODE>4</CODE> ed indica il
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
473 numero di byte per campione. Quensa opzione è necessaria, ometterla genera
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
474 un errore in esecuzione.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
475
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
476 <DT><CODE>f &lt;formato&gt;</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
477 <DD>è una stringa di testo che descrive il formato dei campioni. Può contenere
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
478 i termini: <CODE>alaw</CODE>, <CODE>mulaw</CODE> o <CODE>imaadpcm</CODE>,
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
479 <CODE>float</CODE> o <CODE>int</CODE> (virgola mobile o interi, ndt),
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
480 <CODE>signed</CODE> o <CODE>unsigned</CODE> (con o senza segno, ndt),
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
481 <CODE>le</CODE> o <CODE>be</CODE> (little o big endian).
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
482 Quenta opzione è necessaria, ometterla genera un errore in esecuzione.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
483 </DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
484
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
485 <P>Esempio:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
486 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af format=4:float media.avi</CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
487
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
488 <P>imposta l'uscita in floating point con 4 byte per campione.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
489
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
490
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
491 <H4><A NAME="af_delay">2.3.2.3.4 Ritardo</A></H4>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
492
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
493 <P>Il filtro <CODE>delay</CODE> ritarda il segnale diretto agli altoparlanti in
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
494 modo che il suono dei diversi canali arrivi contemporaneamente alla
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
495 postazione dell'ascoltatore.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
496 Utile solo se hai più di 2 altoparlanti. Questo filtro ha un numero
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
497 variabile di parameteri:</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
498
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
499 <DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
500 <DT><CODE>d1:d2:d3...</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
501 <DD>sono numeri floating point che rappresentano i ritardi in ms da imporre
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
502 ai diversi canali. Il ritardo minimo è 0ms ed il massimo è 1000ms.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
503 </DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
504
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
505 <P>Per calcolare il ritardo richiesto per i diversi canali fai così:</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
506
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
507 <OL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
508 <LI>Misura la distanza degli altoparlanti in metri relativamente alla tua
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
509 posizione d'ascolto, ed avrai le distanze s1 - s5 (per un sistema 5.1.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
510 E' inutile compensare il sub-woofer (non sentiresti comunque alcuna
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
511 differenza).</LI>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
512 <LI>Sottrai le distanze s1 - s5 dalla distanza massima, cioè<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
513 s[i] = max(s) - s[i]; i = 1...5</LI>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
514 <LI>Calcola i ritardi richiesti in ms come<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
515 d[i] = 1000*s[i]/342; i = 1...5 </LI>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
516 </OL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
517
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
518 <P>Esempio:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
519 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af delay=10.5:10.5:0:0:7:0 media.avi</CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
520
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
521 <P>ritarda i canali frontali sinistro e destro di 10.5ms, i due canali
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
522 posteriori ed il sub di 0ms ed il canale centrale di 7ms.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
523
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
524
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
525 <H4><A NAME="af_volume">2.3.2.3.5 Controllo volume via software</A></H4>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
526
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
527 <P>il controllo del volume via software è implementato dal filtro
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
528 <CODE>volume</CODE>. Usa questo filtro con attenzione, poiché può ridurre il
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
529 rapporto segnale/rumore del suono. Nella maggior parte dei casi è meglio
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
530 impostare il livello del suono PCM al massimo, non usare questo filtro e
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
531 regolare il livello d'uscita degli altoparlanti con il controllo di volume
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
532 master del mixer. Se la tua scheda sonora ha un mixer PCM digitale anziché
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
533 uno analogico, e noti distorsioni, usa il controllo MASTER del mixer.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
534 Se c'è un amplificatore esterno connesso al computer (quasi sempre è così),
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
535 il livello del rumore può essere minimizzato regolando il livello master e
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
536 la manopola del volume sull'amplificatore finchè il rumore sibilante in
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
537 sottofondo sparisce. Questo filtro ha due opzioni:</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
538
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
539 <DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
540 <DT><CODE>v &lt;-200 - +60&gt;</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
541 <DD>è un numero floating point da <CODE>-200</CODE> a <CODE>+60</CODE>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
542 che rappresenta il livello del volume in dB. Il livello predefinito è 0dB.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
543 </DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
544
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
545 <DT><CODE>c</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
546 <DD>è un controllo che attiva o disattiva il soft clipping. Il soft-clipping
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
547 può rendere il suono più uniforme se si usano livelli di volume molto alti.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
548 Attiva questa opzione se la dinamica degli altoparlanti è molto bassa. Nota
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
549 che questa funzione crea distorsione e dovrebbe essere considerata come
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
550 ultima possibilità.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
551 </DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
552
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
553 <P>Esempio:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
554 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af volume=10.1:0 media.avi</CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
555
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
556 <P>amplifica il suono di 10.1dB ed utilizza l'hard-clip se il livello sonoro
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
557 è troppo alto.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
558
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
559 <P>questo filtro ha una seconda funzione: misura il livello massimo del suono
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
560 e lo stampa quando MPlayer termina. Questa stima del volume può essere usata
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
561 per impostare il livello del suono in MEncoder in modo da utilizzare la
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
562 massima dinamica.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
563
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
564
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
565 <H4><A NAME="af_equalizer">2.3.2.3.6 Equalizzatore</A></H4>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
566
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
567 <P>Il filtro <CODE>equalizer</CODE> rappresenta un equalizztore grafico a 10
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
568 bande, implementato con 10 filtri IIR passa banda. Ciò significa che funziona
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
569 per qualunque tipo di suono. Le frequenza centrali delle 10 bande sono:</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
570
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
571 <TABLE BORDER="0" WIDTH="100%">
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
572 <TR><TD>Banda Nr.</TD><TD>Frequenza centrale</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
573 <TR><TD>0</TD><TD>31.25 Hz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
574 <TR><TD>1</TD><TD>62.50 Hz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
575 <TR><TD>2</TD><TD>125.0 Hz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
576 <TR><TD>3</TD><TD>250.0 Hz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
577 <TR><TD>4</TD><TD>500.0 Hz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
578 <TR><TD>5</TD><TD>1.000 kHz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
579 <TR><TD>6</TD><TD>2.000 kHz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
580 <TR><TD>7</TD><TD>4.000 kHz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
581 <TR><TD>8</TD><TD>8.000 kHz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
582 <TR><TD>9</TD><TD>16.00 kHz</TD></TR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
583 </TABLE>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
584
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
585 <P>Se la frequenza di campionamento del suono è minore della frequenza centrale
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
586 di una banda, allora quella banda verrà disattivata. Un problema noto di
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
587 questo filtro è che la caratteristica della banda più alta non è complatamente
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
588 simmetrica se la frequenza di campionamento è vicina alla frequenza centrale
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
589 della banda. questo problema può essere aggirato sovracampionando il suono con
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
590 il filtro ricampionatore prima di usare questo filtro. </P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
591
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
592 <P>Questo filtro ha 10 parameteri:</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
593
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
594 <DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
595 <DT><CODE>g1:g2:g3...g10</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
596 <DD>sono numeri floating point tra <CODE>-12</CODE> e <CODE>+12</CODE>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
597 che rappresentano i guadagni in dB per ogni banda di frequenza.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
598 </DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
599
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
600 <P>Esempio:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
601 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af equalizer=11:11:10:5:0:-12:0:5:12:12 media.avi</CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
602
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
603 <P>amplifica il suono nelle regioni di frequenza più alte e più basse, mentre
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
604 lo elimina quasi completamente intorno ad 1kHz.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
605
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
606
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
607 <H4><A NAME="af_panning">2.3.2.3.7 Filtro panning</A></H4>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
608
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
609 <P>Usa il filtro <CODE>pan</CODE> per mixare i canali. E' in pratica una
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
610 combinazione del controllo di volume e del filtro channels. Ci sono due
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
611 principali utilizzi per questo filtro:</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
612
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
613 <OL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
614 <LI>Ridurre il numero di canali, ad esempio da stereo a mono.</LI>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
615 <LI>Variare la "larghezza" del canale centrale in un sistema surround.</LI>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
616 </OL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
617
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
618 <P>Questo filtro è difficile da usare, e richiede alcuni tentativi prima di dare
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
619 i risultati desiderati. Il numero di opzioni di questo filtro dipende dal
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
620 numero dei canali in uscita:</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
621
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
622 <DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
623 <DT><CODE>nch &lt;1-6&gt;</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
624 <DD>è un intero compreso tra <CODE>1</CODE> e <CODE>6</CODE> ed è usato per
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
625 impostare il numero dei canali in uscita. Questa opzione è necessaria,
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
626 ometterla genera un errore in esecuzione.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
627
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
628 <DT><CODE>l00:l01:l02:..l10:l11:l12:...ln0:ln1:ln2:...</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
629 <DD>sono valori floating point compresi tra <CODE>0</CODE> e <CODE>1</CODE>.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
630 <CODE>l[i][j]</CODE> determinano la parte del canale in ingresso j che viene
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
631 mixata nel canale d'uscita i.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
632 </DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
633
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
634 <P>Esempio 1:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
635 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af pan=1:0.5:0.5 -channels 1 media.avi</CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
636
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
637 <P>trasforma da stereo a mono.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
638
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
639 <P>Esempio 2:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
640 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af pan=3:1:0:1:0.5:0.5 -channels 3 media.avi</CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
641
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
642 <P>fornisce 3 canali in uscita lasciando i canali 0 e 1 inalterati, e mixando i
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
643 canali 0 e 1 nel canale in uscita 2 (che per esempio potrebbe essere inviato
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
644 ad un sub-woofer).</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
645
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
646
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
647 <H4><A NAME="af_sub">2.3.2.3.8 Sub-woofer</A></H4>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
648
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
649 <P>il filtro <CODE>sub</CODE> aggiunge un canale sub woofer ai canali audio.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
650 Il canale sub-woofer è creato tramite una media dei canali 0 e 1. Il segnale
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
651 risultante è quindi filtrato con un passa-basso Butterworth di quarto ordine
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
652 con una frequenza di taglio predefinita di 60Hz, ed inviato ad un nuovo canale
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
653 in uscita. Attenzione: disattiva questo filtro quando riproduci DVD con audio
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
654 Dolby Digital 5.1, altrimenti il filtro rovinerà il canale sub-woofer
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
655 originale. Questo filtro ha due parametri:</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
656
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
657 <DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
658 <DT><CODE>fc &lt;20-300&gt;</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
659 <DD>è un numero floating point opzionale usato per impostare la frequenza di
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
660 taglio in Hz del filtro. I valori validi vanno da 20Hz a 300Hz. Per ottenere
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
661 il miglior risultato imposta la frequenza di taglio più bassa possibile.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
662 Ciò migliorerà l'effetto stereo o surround. La frequenza di taglio
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
663 predefinita è 60Hz.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
664
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
665 <DT><CODE>ch &lt;0-5&gt;</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
666 <DD>è un intero opzionale compreso tra <CODE>0</CODE> e <CODE>5</CODE> che
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
667 determina il numero del canale in cui inserire il suono del sub-woofer.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
668 Il canale predefinito è il <CODE>5</CODE>. Nota che il numero dei canali
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
669 sarà automaticamente aumentato a <CODE>ch</CODE> se necessario.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
670 </DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
671
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
672 <P>Esempio:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
673 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af sub=100:4 -channels 5 media.avi</CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
674
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
675 <P>aggiunge un canale sub-woofer con frequenza di taglio di 100Hz al canale
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
676 d'uscita 4.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
677
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
678 <H4><A NAME="af_surround">2.3.2.3.9 Decoder suono Surround</A></H4>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
679
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
680 <P>L'audio surround codificato a matrice può essere decodificato dal filtro
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
681 <CODE>surround</CODE>. Dolby Surround è un esempio di formato codificato a
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
682 matrice. Molti file con audio a 2 canali contengono in realtà audio surround
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
683 a matrice. Per usare questa funzione hai bisogno di una scheda sonora con
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
684 almeno 4 canali. Questo filtro ha un parametro:</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
685
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
686 <DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
687 <DT><CODE>d &lt;0-1000&gt;</CODE></DT>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
688 <DD>è un numero floating point opzionale compreso tra <CODE>0</CODE> e
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
689 <CODE>1000</CODE> usato per impostare il ritardo in ms per gli altoparlanti
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
690 posteriori. questo ritardo deve essere impostato così: se d1 è la distanza
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
691 dalla posizione d'ascolto agli altoparlanti frontali e d2 è la distanza
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
692 dalla posizione d'ascolto agli altoparlanti posteriori, il ritardo
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
693 <CODE>d</CODE> deve essere impostato a 15ms se d1 &lt;= d2 ed a 15 +
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
694 5*(d1-d2) se d1 &gt; d2.
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
695 Il valore predefinito per <CODE>d</CODE> è 20ms.</DD>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
696 </DL>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
697
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
698 <P>Esempio:<BR>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
699 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer -af surround=15 -channels 4 media.avi</CODE></P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
700
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
701 <P>aggiunge la decodifica surround con un ritardo di 15ms per il suono
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
702 diretto agli altoparlanti posteriori.</P>
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
703
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
704
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
705
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
706
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
707 <H4><A NAME="plugins">2.3.2.4 Plugin Audio (deprecati)</A></H4>
4867
2729796fb896 Italian translation
frodone
parents:
diff changeset
708
8707
frodone
parents: 7509
diff changeset
709 <P>MPlayer supporta plugin audio. Possono essere usati per
4867
2729796fb896 Italian translation
frodone
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710 cambiare le proprietà dei dati audio prima che raggiungano la scheda
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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711 sonora. Sono abilitati con l'opzione <CODE>-aop</CODE> seguita da
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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712 <CODE>list=plugin1,plugin2,...</CODE>. L'opzione <CODE>list</CODE> è
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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713 necessaria e determina quali plugin devono essere usate e in quale ordine
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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714 devono essere eseguite, esempio:
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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715 </P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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716
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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717 <P>&nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=resample,format</CODE></P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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718
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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719 <P>farà passare il suono attraverso il plugin di ricampionamento seguito da quello di
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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720 formattazione.
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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721 </P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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722
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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723 <P>I plugin possono anche avere opzioni che ne modificano il comportamento. Queste
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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724 sono spiegate in dettaglio nelle sezioni sotto. Un plugin sarà eseguito
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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725 con la configurazione di default se non vengono date opzioni. Esempi di come usare
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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726 plugin in combinazione con loro opzioni specifiche:
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727 </P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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728
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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729 <P>&nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop
8707
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parents: 7509
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730 list=resample,format:fout=44100:format=0x8</CODE>
4867
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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731 </P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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732
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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733 <P>cambierà la frequenza di uscita del plugin di ricampionamento a 44100Hz e il formato
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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734 output del plugin di formattazione a AFMT_U8.
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735 </P>
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736
8707
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parents: 7509
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737 <P>Attualmente i plugin audio non possono essere usati in MEncoder.</P>
4867
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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738
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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739
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b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
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740 <H4><A NAME="resample">2.3.2.4.1. Sopra/Sotto campionamento</A></H4>
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2729796fb896 Italian translation
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741
8707
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parents: 7509
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742 <P>MPlayer supporta pienamente il sopra/sotto campionamento del suono. Questo plugin può
4867
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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743 per esempio essere usato se hai una scheda sonora a frequenza fissa o se sei
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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744 bloccato con una vecchia scheda sonora in grado di dare al massimo 44.1kHz.
9864
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
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745 Viene riconosciuto <EM>automaticamente</EM> se questo plugin è necessario o meno.
8707
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746 Ha una sola opzione:
4867
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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747 <CODE>fout</CODE> che è usata per specificare la frequenza di output desiderata,
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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748 di default 48kHz, ed è data in
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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749 &lt;Hz&gt;.
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750 </P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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751
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752 <P>Utilizzo :<BR>
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753 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=resample:fout=&lt;necessaria
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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754 frequenza in Hz, come 44100&gt;</CODE></P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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755
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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756
9864
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
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757 <H5><A NAME="surround_decoding">2.3.2.4.2. Decodifica Suono Surround</A></H5>
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2729796fb896 Italian translation
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758
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b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
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759 <P>MPlayer ha un plugin audio che può decodificare una matrice di suono
4867
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760 surround. Dolby Surround è un esempio di un formato di matrice.</p>
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761
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762 <P>Molti file con 2 canali in realtà contengono una matrice di suono
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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763 surround.</p>
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764
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765 <P>Per usare questa caratteristica, devi avere una scheda sonora che supporta almeno 4 canali.</P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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766
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767 <P>Utilizzo :<BR>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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768 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=surround</CODE></P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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769
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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770
9864
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
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771 <H5><A NAME="format">2.3.2.4.3. Convertitore del formato di campionamento</A></H5>
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2729796fb896 Italian translation
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772
8707
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parents: 7509
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773 <P>Se il driver della tua scheda sonora non supporta gli <CODE>int</CODE> signed a 16bit, questo plugin può
4867
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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774 essere usato per cambiare il formato ad uno compreso dalla tua scheda sonora. Ha
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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775 una opzione <CODE>format</CODE> che può avere come valori uno dei numeri
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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776 che si trovano in libao2/afmt.h. Questo plugin è difficilmente necessario ed è da intendersi per
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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777 utenti avanzati. Nota che questo plugin cambia solo il formato di campionamento e
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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778 non la frequenza o il numero di canali.
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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779 </P>
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780
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781 <P>Utilizzo :<BR>
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782 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop
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783 list=format:format=&lt;necessario formato di output&gt;</CODE>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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784 </P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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785
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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786
9864
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
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787 <H5><A NAME="delay">2.3.2.4.4. Ritardo</A></H5>
4867
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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788
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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789 <P>Questo plugin ritarda il suono ed è da intendersi come un esempio di come sviluppare
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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790 nuovi plugin. Non può essere usato per niente di utile dalla prospettiva degli utenti
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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791 ed è menzionato qui solo per dovere di completezza. Non usare questo plugin
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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792 se non sei uno sviluppatore.</P>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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793
9864
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
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794 <H5><A NAME="volume">2.3.2.4.5. Controllo volume via software</A></H5>
4939
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
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795
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
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796 <P>Questo plugin è un sostituto software per il controllo volume, e
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
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797 può essere usato in macchine con dispositivo mixer non funzionante. Può
8707
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parents: 7509
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798 anche essere usato se si vuole modificare il volume di output da MPlayer
4939
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
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parents: 4867
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799 senza cambiare le impostazioni del volume PCM del mixer. Ha una sola opzione
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
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parents: 4867
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800 <CODE>volume</CODE> che serve a impostare il volume
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
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parents: 4867
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801 iniziale. Può essere impostato a valori tra 0
5583
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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802 e 255 e il default è 101, uguale ad una amplificazione di 0dB. Usa questo plugin con attenzione in quanto
4939
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
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803 può aumentare il rumore nel segnale. Nella maggior parte dei casi
4961
c8a3e58a43d8 corrected typos and bad italian...
frodone
parents: 4939
diff changeset
804 è meglio impostare il livello del suono PCM al massimo, lasciare perdere questo plugin
4939
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
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805 e controllare il livello in output col controllo volume principale
9864
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
806 del mixer. Se la scheda sonora ha un mixer PCM digitale anziché analogico, e
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
807 noti distorsione, usa il controllo MASTER del mixer. Se è connesso al
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
808 computer un amplificatore esterno (questo è quasi sempre il caso), il livello
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
809 del rumore può essere minimizzato regolando le manopole del livello principale
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
810 e del volume dell'amplificatore finchè il rumore sibilante sullo sfondo non
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
811 sparisce.
4939
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
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parents: 4867
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812 </P>
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parents: 4867
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813
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
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parents: 4867
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814 <P>Utilizzo :<BR>
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
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parents: 4867
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815 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
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parents: 4867
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816 list=volume:volume=&lt;0-255&gt;</CODE>
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
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parents: 4867
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817 </P>
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
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818
5583
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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819 <P>Questo plugin ha anche un compressore o capacita di "ritaglio software".
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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820 Si può usare la compressione se l'estensione dinamica del suono è molto
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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821 grande o se l'estensione dinamica degli altoparlanti è molto bassa.
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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822 Nota che questa caratteristica crea distorsioni e dovrebbe essere considerata
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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823 come l'ultima risorsa.
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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824 </P>
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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825
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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826 <P>Utilizzo :<BR>
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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827 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
diff changeset
828 list=volume:softclip</CODE>
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
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parents: 4961
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829 </P>
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4961
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830
9864
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
831 <H5><A NAME="extrastereo">2.3.2.4.6. Extrastereo</A></H5>
4939
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
832
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
833 <P>Questo plugin aumenta (linearmente) la differenza tra i canali destro e sinistro
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
834 (come il plugin extrastereo di XMMS) che da un certo effetto "live" alla
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
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835 riproduzione.
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
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836 </P>
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
837
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
838 <P>Utilizzo :<BR>
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
839 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=extrastereo</CODE><BR>
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
840 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=extrastereo:mul=3.45</CODE></P>
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
841
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
842 <P>Il coefficiente di default (<CODE>mul</CODE>) è un numero razionale preimpostato
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
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843 a 2.5. Se lo si imposta a 0.0, si ottiene un suono mono (media di entrambi i canali),
6291
frodone
parents: 5994
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844 se lo si imposta a 1.0, il suono non risulterà cambiato, se lo si imposta a -1.0, i canali
frodone
parents: 5994
diff changeset
845 destro e sinistro risulteranno scambiati.</P>
4939
0b4e8f3e0f4a updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4867
diff changeset
846
5583
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4961
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847
9864
b65bcfaedbe5 Sync with 0_90. All stuff different from 0_90 is missing.
rtognimp
parents: 9512
diff changeset
848 <H5><A NAME="normalizer">2.3.2.4.7. Normalizzatore volume</A></H5>
5583
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4961
diff changeset
849
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4961
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850 <P>Questo plugin massimizza il volume mantenendo il suono senza
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4961
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851 distorsioni.
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4961
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852 </P>
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4961
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853
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4961
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854 <P>Utilizzo :<BR>
70264cc9ade0 updated to english version
frodone
parents: 4961
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855 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=volnorm</CODE><BR>
4867
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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diff changeset
856 </BODY>
2729796fb896 Italian translation
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857 </HTML>