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| author | gabucino |
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| date | Wed, 12 Jun 2002 09:31:33 +0000 |
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3 <HEAD> |
| 6391 | 4 <LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="default.css"> |
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5 </HEAD> |
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| 1704 | 7 <BODY BGCOLOR=white> |
| 8 | |
| 1612 | 9 |
| 5765 | 10 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2>2.3.2. Audio output devices</A></B></P> |
| 1612 | 11 |
| 1892 | 12 <P><B>MPlayer</B>'s audio interface is called <I>libao2</I>. It currently |
| 5765 | 13 contains these drivers:</P> |
| 1892 | 14 |
| 1905 | 15 <TABLE BORDER=0> |
| 16 | |
| 6393 | 17 <TR><TD COLSPAN=4><P><B>General:</B></P></TD></TR> |
| 1905 | 18 |
| 6393 | 19 <TR><TD> </TD><TD VALIGN=top>oss</TD><TD> </TD><TD>OSS (ioctl) driver (supports hardware AC3 passthrough)</TD></TR> |
| 20 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top>sdl</TD><TD></TD><TD>SDL driver (supports up/downsampling, <B>ESD</B>, <B>ARTS</B> etc)</TD></TR> | |
| 21 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top>nas</TD><TD></TD><TD>NAS (Network Audio System) driver</TD></TR> | |
| 22 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top>alsa5</TD><TD></TD><TD>native ALSA 0.5 driver</TD></TR> | |
| 23 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top>alsa9</TD><TD></TD><TD>native ALSA 0.9 driver (works, but has problems -> use OSS) (supports hardware AC3 passthrough)</TD></TR> | |
| 24 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top>sun</TD><TD></TD><TD>SUN audio driver (<CODE>/dev/audio</CODE>) for BSD and Solaris8 users</TD></TR> | |
| 25 <TR><TD></TD><TD VALIGN=top>arts</TD><TD></TD><TD>native ARTS driver (mostly for KDE users)</TD></TR> | |
| 1905 | 26 |
| 27 </TABLE> | |
| 1612 | 28 |
| 5765 | 29 <P>Fact is, Linux sound card drivers have compatibility problems. |
| 30 It <B>may</B> take a while to find your optimal settings.</P> | |
| 31 | |
| 32 <UL> | |
| 33 <LI>If you have an OSS driver, first try <CODE>-ao oss</CODE> (this is the default). | |
| 34 If you experience glitches, halts or anything out of the ordinary, try | |
| 35 <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE> (NOTE: you need to have SDL libraries and header files | |
| 36 installed). The SDL audio driver helps in a lot of cases and also supports ESD, | |
| 37 ARTS, and up/downsampling. (ESD is the sound daemon from GNOME, ARTS is from KDE.)</LI> | |
| 38 <LI>If you have ALSA version 0.5, then you almost always have to use <CODE>-ao alsa5</CODE> , | |
| 39 since ALSA 0.5 has buggy OSS emulation code, and will <B>crash MPlayer</B> with | |
| 1892 | 40 a message like this:<BR> |
| 5765 | 41 <CODE>DEMUXER: Too many (945 in 8390980 bytes) video packets in the buffer!</CODE></LI> |
| 42 <LI>If you have ALSA version 0.9 you may choose between <CODE>-ao oss</CODE> and | |
| 43 <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE>. You can also use <CODE>-ao alsa9</CODE>. It works, but | |
| 44 there are problems like lost sync and disappearing audio.</LI> | |
| 45 </UL> | |
| 1892 | 46 |
| 47 <P>On <B>Solaris/FreeBSD</B> systems, use the SUN audio driver with the | |
| 5765 | 48 <CODE>-ao sun</CODE> option, otherwise neither video nor audio will work.</P> |
| 1892 | 49 |
| 5765 | 50 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.1>2.3.2.1. Sound Card experiences, recommendations</A></B></P> |
| 1612 | 51 |
| 5765 | 52 <TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%"> |
| 6393 | 53 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3><B>VIA onboard chipset (via82cxxx) 48kHz only</B></TD><TR> |
| 54 <TD></TD><TD>Driver:</TD><TD> from <A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3242&release_id=59602">here</A></TD><TR> | |
| 3190 | 55 |
| 6393 | 56 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>Aureal Vortex 2</B></TD><TR> |
| 57 <TD> </TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>no driver</TD><TR> | |
| 58 <TD></TD><TD>OSS/Pro:</TD><TD>OK</TD><TR> | |
| 59 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>no driver</TD><TR> | |
| 60 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>48</TD><TR> | |
| 61 <TD></TD><TD>Driver:</TD><TD><A HREF="http://aureal.sourceforge.net">aureal.sourceforge.net</A></TD><TR> | |
| 62 <TD></TD><TD>Driver2:</TD><TD> from <A HREF="http://makacs.poliod.hu/~pontscho/aureal/au88xx-1.1.3.tar.bz2">here</A><BR> | |
| 2999 | 63 (<I>buffer size increased to 32k</I>)</TD><TR> |
| 1612 | 64 |
| 6393 | 65 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>GUS PnP</B></TD><TR> |
| 66 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>no driver</TD><TR> | |
| 67 <TD></TD><TD>OSS/Pro:</TD><TD>OK</TD><TR> | |
| 68 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>OK</TD><TR> | |
| 69 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>48</TD><TR> | |
| 1682 | 70 |
| 6393 | 71 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>SB Live!</B></TD><TR> |
| 72 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>Analog OK, SP/DIF not working</TD><TR> | |
| 73 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>Both OK</TD><TR> | |
| 74 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>192</TD><TR> | |
| 1612 | 75 |
| 6393 | 76 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>SB AWE 64</B></TD><TR> |
| 77 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>max 44kHz</TD><TR> | |
| 78 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>48kHz sounds bad</TD><TR> | |
| 79 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>48</TD><TR> | |
| 1892 | 80 |
| 6393 | 81 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>Gravis UltraSound ACE</B></TD><TR> |
| 82 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>not OK</TD><TR> | |
| 83 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>OK</TD><TR> | |
| 84 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>44</TD><TR> | |
| 1612 | 85 |
| 6393 | 86 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>Gravis UltraSound MAX</B></TD><TR> |
| 87 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>OK</TD><TR> | |
| 88 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>OK (?)</TD><TR> | |
| 89 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>48</TD><TR> | |
| 1612 | 90 |
| 6393 | 91 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>ESS 688</B></TD><TR> |
| 92 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>OK</TD><TR> | |
| 93 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>OK (?)</TD><TR> | |
| 94 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>48</TD><TR> | |
| 1612 | 95 |
| 6393 | 96 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>C-Media cards (which ones?)</B></TD><TR> |
| 97 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>not OK (hissing) (?)</TD><TR> | |
| 98 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>OK (?)</TD><TR> | |
| 99 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>?</TD><TR> | |
| 1612 | 100 |
| 6393 | 101 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>Yamaha cards (*ymf*)</B></TD><TR> |
| 102 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>not OK (?) (maybe <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE>)</TD><TR> | |
| 103 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>OK only with ALSA 0.5 with OSS emulation <B>AND</B> <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE> (!) (?)</TD><TR> | |
| 104 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>?</TD><TR> | |
| 1612 | 105 |
| 6393 | 106 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>Cards with envy24 chips (like Terratec EWS88MT)</B></TD><TR> |
| 107 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>?</TD><TR> | |
| 108 <TD></TD><TD>OSS/Pro:</TD><TD>OK</TD><TR> | |
| 109 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>?</TD><TR> | |
| 110 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>?</TD><TR> | |
| 3438 | 111 |
| 6393 | 112 <TD COLSPAN=3><B>PC Speaker or DAC</B></TD><TR> |
| 113 <TD></TD><TD>OSS:</TD><TD>OK (Use the SDL driver: <CODE>-ao sdl</CODE>)</TD><TR> | |
| 114 <TD></TD><TD>ALSA:</TD><TD>no driver</TD><TR> | |
| 115 <TD></TD><TD>Max kHz:</TD><TD>The driver emulates 44.1, maybe more.</TD><TR> | |
| 116 <TD></TD><TD>Driver:</TD><TD><A HREF="ftp://ftp.infradead.org/pub/pcsp">ftp://ftp.infradead.org/pub/pcsp</A></TD> | |
| 5765 | 117 </TABLE> |
| 1612 | 118 |
| 5765 | 119 <UL> |
| 120 <LI>On Linux, a 2.4.x kernel is highly recommended. Kernel 2.2 is not tested.</LI> | |
| 121 <LI>If sound clicks when playing from CD-ROM, turn on IRQ unmasking, e.g. | |
| 122 <CODE>hdparm -u1 /dev/cdrom</CODE> (<CODE>man hdparm</CODE>). This is | |
| 123 generally beneficial and described more detailed in the | |
| 124 <A HREF="cd-dvd.html#4.1">CD-ROM section</A>.</LI> | |
| 125 <LI>Sharing your sound card with another application like XMMS is <B>strongly discouraged</B>! | |
| 126 If the other sound application is using ESD, start <B>MPlayer</B> with the <CODE>-vo sdl:esd</CODE> option | |
| 127 to combine both sound streams! In fact, the option <CODE>-vo sdl:esd</CODE> could be used with ESD | |
| 128 even when playing <B>Mplayer</B> alone.</LI> | |
| 129 <LI>Feedback to this document is welcome. Please tell us how <B>MPlayer</B> and | |
| 130 your sound card(s) worked together.</LI> | |
| 131 </UL> | |
| 1612 | 132 |
| 3671 | 133 |
| 4536 | 134 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2>2.3.2.2. Audio plugins</A></B></P> |
| 3671 | 135 |
| 4508 | 136 <P><B>MPlayer</B> has support for audio plugins. Audio plugins can be used for |
| 137 changing the properties of the audio data before the sound reaches the sound | |
| 5765 | 138 card. They are enabled using the <CODE>-aop</CODE> switch which takes a |
| 139 <CODE>list=plugin1,plugin2,...</CODE> argument. The <CODE>list</CODE> argument | |
| 140 is required and determines which plugins should be used and in which order they | |
| 141 should be executed. Example: | |
| 4508 | 142 </P> |
| 143 | |
| 144 <P> <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=resample,format</CODE></P> | |
| 145 | |
| 146 <P>would run the sound through the resampling plugin followed by the format | |
| 147 plugin. | |
| 148 </P> | |
| 149 | |
| 5765 | 150 <P>The plugins can also have switches that change their behavior. These |
| 4508 | 151 switches are explained in detail in the sections below. A plugin will execute |
| 5765 | 152 using default settings if its switches are omitted. Here is an example of how |
| 153 to use plugins in combination with plugin specific switches: | |
| 4508 | 154 </P> |
| 155 | |
| 156 <P> <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop | |
| 5765 | 157 list=resample,format:fout=44100:format=0x8</CODE> |
| 4508 | 158 </P> |
| 159 | |
| 160 <P>would set the output frequency of the resample plugin to 44100Hz and the | |
| 161 output format of the format plugin to AFMT_U8. | |
| 162 </P> | |
| 163 | |
| 164 <P>Currently audio plugins can not be used in <B>MEncoder</B>.</P> | |
| 165 | |
| 166 | |
| 4536 | 167 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.1>2.3.2.2.1. Up/Downsampling</A></B></P> |
| 3671 | 168 |
| 5765 | 169 <P><B>MPlayer</B> fully supports up/downsampling of the sound. This plugin can |
| 170 be used if you have a fixed frequency sound card or if you are | |
| 171 stuck with an old sound card that is only capable of max 44.1kHz. | |
| 4508 | 172 Limitations in your hardware are not auto detected, so you have to specify |
| 173 the sample frequency explicitly. This plugin has one switch: | |
| 174 <CODE>fout</CODE> which is used for setting the desired output sample | |
| 5765 | 175 frequency. It defaults to 48kHz, and is given in |
| 4508 | 176 <Hz>. |
| 177 </P> | |
| 3671 | 178 |
| 5765 | 179 <P>Usage:<BR> |
| 3671 | 180 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=resample:fout=<required |
| 181 frequency in Hz, like 44100></CODE></P> | |
| 182 | |
| 5765 | 183 <P>Note that the output frequency should not be scaled up from the default value. |
| 184 Scaling up will cause the audio and video streams to be played in slow motion | |
| 185 in addition to audio distortion.</P> | |
| 3671 | 186 |
| 4536 | 187 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.2>2.3.2.2.2. Surround Sound decoding</A></B></P> |
| 3931 | 188 |
| 5765 | 189 <P><B>MPlayer</B> has an audio plugin that can decode matrix encoded |
| 190 surround sound. Dolby Surround is an example of a matrix encoded format. | |
| 191 Many files with 2 channel audio actually contain matrixed surround sound. | |
| 192 To use this feature you need a sound card supporting at least 4 channels.</P> | |
| 3931 | 193 |
| 5765 | 194 <P>Usage:<BR> |
| 3931 | 195 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=surround</CODE></P> |
| 196 | |
| 4508 | 197 |
| 198 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.3>2.3.2.2.3. Sample format converter</A></B></P> | |
| 199 | |
| 5765 | 200 <P>If your sound card driver does not support signed 16bit <CODE>int</CODE> data type, |
| 201 this plugin can | |
| 4508 | 202 be used to change the format to one which your sound card can understand. It |
| 5765 | 203 has one switch, <CODE>format</CODE>, which can be set to one of the numbers |
| 204 found in <CODE>libao2/afmt.h</CODE>. This plugin is hardly ever needed and is | |
| 205 intended for advanced users. Keep in mind that this plugin only changes the | |
| 206 sample format and not the sample frequency or the number of channels. | |
| 4508 | 207 </P> |
| 208 | |
| 5765 | 209 <P>Usage:<BR> |
| 4508 | 210 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop |
| 211 list=format:format=<required output format></CODE> | |
| 212 </P> | |
| 213 | |
| 214 | |
| 215 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.4>2.3.2.2.4. Delay</A></B></P> | |
| 216 | |
| 217 <P>This plugin delays the sound and is intended as an example of how to develop | |
| 5765 | 218 new plugins. It can not be used for anything useful from a users perspective |
| 4508 | 219 and is mentioned here for the sake of completeness only. Do not use this |
| 220 plugin unless you are a developer.</P> | |
| 221 | |
| 4913 | 222 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.5>2.3.2.2.5. Software volume control</A></B></P> |
| 223 | |
| 224 <P>This plugin is a software replacement for the volume control, and | |
| 5765 | 225 can be used on machines with a broken mixer device. It can also be |
| 226 used if one wants to change the output volume of <B>MPlayer</B> | |
| 4913 | 227 without changing the PCM volume setting in the mixer. It has one |
| 228 switch <CODE>volume</CODE> that is used for setting the initial | |
| 229 sound level. The initial sound level can be set to values between 0 | |
| 5099 | 230 and 255 and defaults to 101 which equals 0dB amplification. Use this |
| 231 plugin with caution since it can reduce the signal to noise ratio of | |
| 232 the sound. In most cases it is best to set the level for the PCM | |
| 233 sound to max, leave this plugin out and control the output level to | |
| 5765 | 234 your speakers with the master volume control of the mixer. If there is an |
| 5099 | 235 external amplifier connected to the computer (this is almost always |
| 236 the case), the noise level can be minimized by adjusting the master | |
| 237 level and the volume knob on the amplifier until the hissing noise | |
| 238 in the background is gone. | |
| 4913 | 239 </P> |
| 240 | |
| 5765 | 241 <P>Usage:<BR> |
| 4913 | 242 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop |
| 243 list=volume:volume=<0-255></CODE> | |
| 244 </P> | |
| 245 | |
| 5765 | 246 <P>This plugin also has compressor or "soft-clipping" capabilities. |
| 5099 | 247 Compression can be used if the dynamic range of the sound is very |
| 248 high or if the dynamic range of the loudspeakers is very | |
| 5765 | 249 low. Be aware that this feature creates distortion and should be |
| 5099 | 250 considered a last resort. |
| 251 </P> | |
| 252 | |
| 5765 | 253 <P>Usage:<BR> |
| 5099 | 254 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop |
| 255 list=volume:softclip</CODE> | |
| 256 </P> | |
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257 |
| 5109 | 258 |
| 5069 | 259 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.6>2.3.2.2.6. Extrastereo</A></B></P> |
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260 |
| 5765 | 261 <P>This plugin (linearly) increases the difference between left and right |
| 262 channels (like the XMMS extrastereo plugin) which gives some sort of "live" | |
| 263 effect to playback. | |
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264 </P> |
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265 |
| 5765 | 266 <P>Usage:<BR> |
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267 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=extrastereo</CODE><BR> |
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268 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=extrastereo:mul=3.45</CODE></P> |
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269 |
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270 <P>The default coefficient (<CODE>mul</CODE>) is a float number that defaults |
| 5765 | 271 to 2.5. If you set it to 0.0, you will have mono sound (average of both |
| 6272 | 272 channels). If you set it to 1.0, sound will be unchanged, if you set it to |
| 273 -1.0, left and right channels will be swapped.</P> | |
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274 |
| 5109 | 275 |
| 276 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.7>2.3.2.2.7. Volume normalizer</A></B></P> | |
| 277 | |
| 5765 | 278 <P>This plugin maximizes the volume without distorting the sound.</P> |
| 5109 | 279 |
| 5765 | 280 <P>Usage:<BR> |
| 5109 | 281 <CODE>mplayer media.avi -aop list=volnorm</CODE><BR> |
| 282 | |
| 5721 | 283 |
| 284 <P><B><A NAME=2.3.2.2.8>2.3.2.2.8. Surround</A></B></P> | |
| 285 | |
| 286 <P>Someone should document something, sometime.</P> | |
| 287 | |
| 1612 | 288 </BODY> |
| 289 </HTML> |