annotate DOCS/xml/it/codecs.xml @ 27016:fb3b1c8a3103

sync w/r27044, patch by Cedric Dumez-Viou %Cedric P Dumez-Viou A obs-nancay P fr%
author gpoirier
date Tue, 10 Jun 2008 21:04:06 +0000
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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2 <!-- synced with r26146 -->
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3 <chapter id="codecs">
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4 <title>Codec</title>
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5
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6 <sect1 id="video-codecs">
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7 <title>Codec video</title>
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8
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9 <para>
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10 La <ulink url="../../codecs-status.html">tabella di stato dei codec</ulink> è
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11 un elenco completo di tutti i codec supportati, aggiornata giornalmente.
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12 Nella <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/design7/dload.html#binary_codecs">sezione download</ulink>
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13 del nostro sito sono disponibili alcuni codec binari da usare con MPlayer.
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14 </para>
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15
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16 <para>
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17 I più importanti su tutti:
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18 </para>
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19
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20 <itemizedlist>
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21 <listitem><para>
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22 video
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23 <emphasis role="bold">MPEG-1</emphasis> (<emphasis role="bold">VCD</emphasis>) e
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24 <emphasis role="bold">MPEG-2</emphasis> (<emphasis role="bold">DVD</emphasis>)
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25 </para></listitem>
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26 <listitem><para>
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27 decodificatori nativi per <emphasis role="bold">tutte le tipologie di DivX,
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28 3ivX, Microsoft MPEG-4</emphasis> v1, v2 e altre varianti di MPEG-4.
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29 </para></listitem>
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30 <listitem><para>
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31 decodificatore nativi per <emphasis role="bold">Windows Media Video 7/8</emphasis>
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32 (<emphasis role="bold">WMV1/WMV2</emphasis>), e decodificatori su DLL Win32
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33 per <emphasis role="bold">Windows Media Video 9</emphasis>
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34 (<emphasis role="bold">WMV3</emphasis>),
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35 entrambi usati in file <filename>.wmv</filename>.
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36 </para></listitem>
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37 <listitem><para>
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38 decodificatore nativo <emphasis role="bold">Sorenson 1 (SVQ1)</emphasis>
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39 </para></listitem>
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40 <listitem><para>
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41 decodificatore nativo <emphasis role="bold">Sorenson 3 (SVQ3)</emphasis>
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42 </para></listitem>
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43 <listitem><para>
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44 decodificatore <emphasis role="bold">3ivx</emphasis> v1, v2
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45 </para></listitem>
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46 <listitem><para>
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47 codec Cinepak e <emphasis role="bold">Intel Indeo</emphasis> (3.1,3.2,4.1,5.0)
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48 </para></listitem>
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49 <listitem><para>
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50 formati hardware <emphasis role="bold">MJPEG</emphasis>, AVID, VCR2, ASV2 e
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51 altri
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52 </para></listitem>
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53 <listitem><para>
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54 varianti VIVO 1.0, 2.0, I263 e altre <emphasis role="bold">H.263(+)</emphasis>
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55 </para></listitem>
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56 <listitem><para>
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57 FLI/FLC
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58 </para></listitem>
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59 <listitem><para>
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60 <emphasis role="bold">RealVideo 1.0 &amp; 2.0</emphasis> atraverso
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61 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>, e
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62 codec <emphasis role="bold">RealVideo 3.0 &amp; 4.0</emphasis> usando le
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63 librerie di RealPlayer
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64 </para></listitem>
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65 <listitem><para>
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66 decodificatore nativo per HuffYUV
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67 </para></listitem>
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68 <listitem><para>
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69 vari vecchi formati semplici tipo RLE
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70 </para></listitem>
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71 </itemizedlist>
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72
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73 <para>
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74 Se hai un codec Win32 non elencato qui che non è ancora supportato, leggi per
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75 favore l'HOWTO sull'<link linkend="codec-importing">importazione codec</link>
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76 e aiutaci ad aggiungerne il decodificatore relativo.
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77 </para>
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78
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79 <!-- ********** -->
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80
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81 <sect2 id="ffmpeg" xreflabel="FFmpeg/libavcodec">
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82 <title>FFmpeg/libavcodec</title>
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83
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84 <para>
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85 <ulink url="http://ffmpeg.org">FFmpeg</ulink> contiene
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86 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>, la libreria open source
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87 dominante di codec audio e video. E' in grado di decodificare molti formati
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88 multimediali, di solito a velocità più elevate delle alternative, e punta ad
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89 aggiungere prima o poi il supporto di decodifica per i restanti.
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90 E' il decodificatore di default usato da <application>MPlayer</application>.
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91 Anche la codifica è possibile per alcuni formati, ed è permessa da
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92 <application>MEncoder</application>.
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93 </para>
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94
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95 <para>
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96 Per una lista completa dei codec
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97 <ulink url="http://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC19">video</ulink> e
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98 <ulink url="http://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC20">audio</ulink>
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99 supportati per favore visita la homepage di FFmpeg.
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100 </para>
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101
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102 <para>
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103 <application>MPlayer</application> contiene
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104 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>.
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105 Esegui semplicemente <filename>./configure</filename> e compila.
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106 </para>
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107 </sect2>
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108
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109 <!-- ********** -->
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110
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111 <sect2 id="xvid">
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112 <title>Xvid</title>
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113
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114 <para>
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115 <ulink url="http://www.xvid.org">Xvid</ulink> è un codec video libero
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116 compatibile MPEG-4 ASP, che contempla codifica a doppio pasaggio e supporto
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117 completo MPEG-4 ASP, rendendolo molto più efficiente del ben noto codec DivX.
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118 Porta una buona qualità video e delle buone prestazionu, grazie alle
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119 ottimizzazioni per CPU per molti processori moderni.
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120 </para>
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121
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122 <para>
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123 Nacque come un fork di sviluppo del codec OpenDivX.
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124 Ciò è accaduto quando ProjectMayo portò OpenDivX in DivX4 a sorgenti chiusi,
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125 e le persone non di ProjectMayo che lavoravano su OpenDivX si arrabbiarono,
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126 così iniziarono Xvid. Perciò tutti e due i progetti hanno la stessa origine.
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127 </para>
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128
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129 <para>
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130 Nota che Xvid non è necessario per decodificare video codificato in Xvid.
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131 Viene usata di default <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>
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132 visto che ha maggior velocità.
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133 </para>
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134
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135 <procedure>
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136 <title>Installare <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem></title>
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137 <para>
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138 Come molti software open source, è disponibili in due modi:
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139 <ulink url="http://www.xvid.org/downloads.html">rilasci ufficiali</ulink>
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140 e la versione in CVS.
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141 La versione CVS solitamente è solitamente abbastanza stabile da utilizzare,
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142 visto che la maggior parte delle volte include fix per i bachi che esistono
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143 nei rilasci.
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144 Ecco quello che devi fare per far sì che la versione CVS di
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145 <systemitem class="library">Xvid</systemitem> funzioni con
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146 <application>MEncoder</application> (ti servono almeno
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147 <application>autoconf</application> 2.50,
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148 <application>automake</application>, e <application>libtool</application>):
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149 </para>
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150 <step><para>
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151 <screen>cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@cvs.xvid.org:/xvid login</screen>
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152 </para></step>
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153 <step><para>
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154 <screen>cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@cvs.xvid.org:/xvid co xvidcore</screen>
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155 </para></step>
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156 <step><para>
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157 <screen>cd xvidcore/build/generic</screen>
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158 </para></step>
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159 <step><para>
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160 <screen>./bootstrap.sh</screen>
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161 </para></step>
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162 <step><para>
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163 <screen>./configure</screen>
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164 Puoi dover aggiungere alcune opzioni (controlla quello che emette
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165 <command>./configure --help</command>).
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166 </para></step>
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167 <step><para>
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168 <screen>make &amp;&amp; make install</screen>
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169 </para></step>
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170 <step><para>
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171 Se hai specificato <option>--enable-divxcompat</option>,
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172 copia <filename>../../src/divx4.h</filename> in
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173 <filename class="directory">/usr/local/include/</filename>.
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174 </para></step>
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175 <step><para>
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176 Ricompila <application>MPlayer</application> con
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177 <option>--with-xvidlibdir=<replaceable>/percorso/di/</replaceable>libxvidcore.a</option>
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178 <option>--with-xvidincdir=<replaceable>/percorso/di/</replaceable>xvid.h</option>.
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179 </para></step>
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180 </procedure>
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181 </sect2>
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182
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183 <!-- ********** -->
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184
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185 <sect2 id="codec-x264">
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186 <title><systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem></title>
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187
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188 <sect3 id="codec-x264-whatis">
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189 <title>Cos'è <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>?</title>
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190
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191 <para>
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192 <ulink url="http://developers.videolan.org/x264.html"><systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem></ulink>
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193 è una libreria per creare flussi video H.264.
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194 Non è completa al 100%, ma attualmente ha perlomeno qualche tipo di supporto
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195 per la maggior parte delle caratteristiche di H.264 che influenzano la qualità.
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196 Ci sono anche molte caratteristiche avanzate nelle specifiche H.264 che non
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197 hanno nulla ha che fare con la qualità video di per sé; molte di queste non
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198 sono ancora implementate in <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>.
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199 </para>
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200
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201 <itemizedlist>
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202 <title>Caratteristiche del codificatore</title>
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203 <listitem><para>CAVLC/CABAC</para></listitem>
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204 <listitem><para>Multi-referenza</para></listitem>
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205 <listitem><para>
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206 Intra: tutti i tipi di macroblocco (16x16, 8x8, e 4x4 con tutte le predizioni)
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207 </para></listitem>
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208 <listitem><para>
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209 Inter P: tutti i partizionamenti (da 16x16 fino a 4x4)
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210 </para></listitem>
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211 <listitem><para>
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212 Inter B: partizionamenti da 16x16 fino a 8x8 (includendo SKIP/DIRECT)
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213 </para></listitem>
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214 <listitem><para>
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215 Controllo frequenza: quantizzatore costante, frequenza bit costante, ABR a
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216 passaggio singolo o multiplo, VBV facoltativo
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217 </para></listitem>
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218 <listitem><para>Rilevazione cambi scena</para></listitem>
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219 <listitem><para>Posizionamento fotogrammi B adattivo</para></listitem>
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220 <listitem><para>
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221 Fotogrammi B come referenza / ordine arbitrario dei fotogrammi
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222 </para></listitem>
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223 <listitem><para>Trasformazione spaziale adattivo 8x8 e 4x4</para></listitem>
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224 <listitem><para>Modalità senza perdita (lossless)</para></listitem>
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225 <listitem><para>Matrici di quantizzazione personalizzate</para></listitem>
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226 <listitem><para>Codifica parallela di sezioni multiple</para></listitem>
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227 <listitem><para>Interlacciamento</para></listitem>
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228 </itemizedlist>
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229 </sect3>
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230
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231
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232 <sect3 id="codec-h264-whatis">
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233 <title>Cos'è H.264?</title>
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234
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235 <para>
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236 H.264 è un nome per un nuovo codec video digitale sviluppato in comunione
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237 dall'ITU e da MPEG.
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238 Può anche essere correttamente chiamato coi nomi altisonanti di
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239 "ISO/IEC 14496-10" o "MPEG-4 Part 10".
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240 Più frequentemente, viene chiamato "MPEG-4 AVC" o solo "AVC".
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241 </para>
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242
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243 <para>
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244 In qualsiasi modo tu lo chiami, può valer la pena provare l'H.264 dato che
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245 tipicamente raggiunge la qualità di MPEG-4 ASP con il 5%-30% in meno della
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246 frequenza bit.
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247 I risultati reali dipenderanno sia dal materiale sorgente che dal codificatore.
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248 I guadagni ottenuti usando H.264 non arrivano senza un costo: per decodificare
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249 flussi H.264 pare richiedere CPU potenti e memoria.
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250 Per esempio, su un Athlon 1733 MHz, un H.264 a risoluzione video DVD a 1500kbps
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251 richiede circa il 35% della CPU, per la decodifica.
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252 Per contronto, decodificare un flusso MPEG-4 ASP a risoluzione video DVD a
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253 1500kbps richiede circa il 10% della CPU.
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254 Ciò significa che anche un DVD rip decente può delle volte saltellare su CPU
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255 più lente di 2.0 GHz o giù di lì.
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256 </para>
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257
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258 <para>
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259 Almeno con <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>,
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260 le risorse richieste per la codifica non sono peggiori di quelle cui sei
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261 abituato per MPEG-4 ASP.
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262 Per esempio, su un Athlon 1733 MHz una codifica tipica di un DVD girerebbe a
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263 5-15fps.
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264 </para>
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265
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266 <para>
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267 Questa documentazione non vuole spiegare i dettagli di H.264, ma se sei
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268 interessato in un breve resoconto, potresti voler leggere
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269 <ulink url="http://www.cdt.luth.se/~peppar/kurs/smd151/spie04-h264OverviewPaper.pdf">The H.264/AVC Advanced Video Coding Standard: Overview and Introduction to the Fidelity Range Extensions</ulink>.
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270 </para>
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271 </sect3>
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272
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273
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274 <sect3 id="codec-x264-playback">
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275 <title>Come posso riprodurre video H.264 con
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276 <application>MPlayer</application>?</title>
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277
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278 <para>
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279 <application>MPlayer</application> usa il decodificatore H.264 di
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280 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>.
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281 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> ha avuto una decodifica
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282 almeno minimalmente usabile da circa luglio 2004, tuttavia grandi modifiche e
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283 sviluppi sono stati implementati da quel momento, sia in termini di maggiori
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284 funzionalità supportate che in termini di miglior utilizzo della CPU.
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285 Tanto per esser sicuri, è sempre una buona idea usare un checkout recente di
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286 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> da SubVersion.
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287 </para>
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288
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289 <para>
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290 If you want a quick and easy way to know whether there have been
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291 recent changes to <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>'s
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292 H.264 decoding, you might keep an eye on
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293 <ulink url="http://svn.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg/trunk/libavcodec/h264.c?view=log">FFmpeg Subversion repository's web interface</ulink>.
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294 Se vuoi un modo rapido ed indolore di sapere se ci sono state modifiche recenti
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295 alla decodifica H.264 di <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem>,
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296 puoi poter dare un'occhiata all'<ulink url="http://svn.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg/trunk/libavcodec/h264.c?view=log">interfaccia web del repository SubVersion di FFmpeg</ulink>.
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297 </para>
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298 </sect3>
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299
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300
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301 <sect3 id="codec-x264-encode">
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302 <title>Come posso codificare video usando <application>MEncoder</application>
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303 e <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>?</title>
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304
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305 <para>
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306 Se hai il client di subversion installato, i sorgenti più recenti di x264
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307 possono esser ottenuti con questo comando:
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308 <screen>svn co svn://svn.videolan.org/x264/trunk x264</screen>
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309 I sorgenti di <application>MPlayer</application> vengono aggiornati
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310 ogniqualvolta c'è una modifica nelle API di
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311 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>, per cui si consiglia sempre di
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312 usare allo stesso modo la versione da SubVersion di MPlayer.
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313 Forse questa situazione cambierà quando e se ci sarà un rilascio di
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314 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>.
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315 Nel frattempo, <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> dovrebbe esser
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316 considerato molto instabile, nel senso che la sua interfaccia di programmazione
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317 è soggetta a cambiamenti.
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318 </para>
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319
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320 <para>
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321 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> so compila e installa nel solito
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322 modo:
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323 <screen>./configure &amp;&amp; make &amp;&amp; sudo make install</screen>
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324 Questo installa libx264 in /usr/local/lib e x264.h viene posto in
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325 /usr/local/include.
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326
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327 Con la libreria <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> e gli header nei
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328 percorsi standard, compilare il supporto per
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329 <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem> in
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330 <application>MPlayer</application> è facile.
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331 Lancia semplicemente il comando:
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332 <screen>./configure &amp;&amp; make &amp;&amp; sudo make install</screen>
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333 Lo script <filename>./configure</filename> controllerà automaticamente che tu
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334 abbia i requisiti richiesti per <systemitem class="library">x264</systemitem>.
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335 </para>
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336 </sect3>
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337 </sect2>
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338 </sect1>
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339
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340
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341 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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342
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343
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344 <sect1 id="audio-codecs">
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345 <title>Codec audio</title>
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346
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347 <itemizedlist>
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348 <title>I codec più importanti su tutti:</title>
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349 <listitem><para>
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350 audio MPEG layer 1/2/3 (MP1/2/3) (codice
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351 <emphasis role="bold">nativo</emphasis>, con ottimizzazione MMX/SSE/3DNow!)
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352 </para></listitem>
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353 <listitem><para>
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354 Windows Media Audio 7 e 8 (AKA WMAv1 and WMAv2)
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355 (codice <emphasis role="bold">nativo</emphasis>, con
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356 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link>)
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357 </para></listitem>
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358 <listitem><para>
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359 Windows Media Audio 9 (WMAv3) (usando le DLL DMO)
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360 </para></listitem>
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361 <listitem><para>
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362 audio AC-3 Dolby (codice <emphasis role="bold">nativo</emphasis>, con
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363 ottimizzazione MMX/SSE/3DNow!)
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364 </para></listitem>
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365 <listitem><para>
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366 AC-3 passando attraverso l'hardware della scheda audio
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367 </para></listitem>
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368 <listitem><para>
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369 AAC
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370 </para></listitem>
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371 <listitem><para>
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372 codec audio Ogg Vorbis (libreria <emphasis role="bold">nativa</emphasis>)
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373 </para></listitem>
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374 <listitem><para>
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375 RealAudio: DNET (AC-3 a bassa frequenza), Cook, Sipro and ATRAC3
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376 </para></listitem>
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377 <listitem><para>
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378 QuickTime: codec audio Qualcomm e QDesign
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379 </para></listitem>
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380 <listitem><para>
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381 audio VIVO (g723, Vivo Siren)
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382 </para></listitem>
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383 <listitem><para>
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384 audio Voxware (usando le DLL DirectShow)
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385 </para></listitem>
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386 <listitem><para>
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387 alaw e ulaw, svariati formati gsm, adpcm e pcm e altri vecchi codec audio
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388 semplici
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389 </para></listitem>
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390 <listitem><para>
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391 codec voce Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
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392 </para></listitem>
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393 </itemizedlist>
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394
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395 <!-- ********** -->
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396
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397 <sect2 id="swac3">
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398 <title>Decodifica software AC-3</title>
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399
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400 <para>
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401 Questo è il decodificatore di default usato per file con audio AC-3.
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402 </para>
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403
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404 <para>
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405 Il decodificatore AC-3 può creare mix audio in uscita per 2, 4, o 6
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406 altoparlanti.
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407 Quando è configurato per 6 altoparlanti, questo decodificatore fornisce uscite
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408 separate di tutti i canali AC-3 verso il driver audio, permettendo un'esperienza
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409 completa "surround sound" senza il decodificatore esterno AC-3 richiesto per
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410 usare il codec hwac3.
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411 </para>
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412
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413 <para>
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414 Usa l'opzione <option>-channels</option> per impostare il numero dei canali di
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415 uscita. Usa <option>-channels 2</option> per un sottomissaggio stereo. Per un
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416 sottomissaggio a 4 canali (uscite Frontale sinistro, Frontale destro, Surround
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417 sinistro, Surround destro), usa <option>-channels 4</option>. In questo caso,
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418 un qualsiasi canale centrale verrà miscelato in parti uguali nei canali
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419 frontali.
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420 <option>-channels 6</option> farà uscire tutti i canali AC-3 così come sono
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421 stati codificati - nell'ordine, sinistro, destro, Surround sinistro, Surround
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422 destro, centrale e LFE.
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423 </para>
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424
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425 <para>
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426 Il numero di default dei canali di uscita è 2.
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427 </para>
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428
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429 <para>
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430 Per usare più di 2 canali, ti servirà OSS, e avere una scheda audio che
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431 supporti l'appropriato numero di canali di uscita attraverso l'ioctl
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432 SNDCTL_DSP_CHANNELS. Un esempio di un diver utilizzabile è emu10k1
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433 (usato dalle schede Soundblaster Live!) dall'agosto 2001 o dopo (anche il CVS
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434 ALSA si suppone funzioni).
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435 </para>
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436 </sect2>
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437
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438 <!-- ********** -->
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439
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440 <sect2 id="hwac3">
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441 <title>Decodifica hardware AC-3</title>
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442
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443 <para>
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444 Ti serve una scheda audio capace di decodificare AC-3, con uscita digitale
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445 (S/PDIF). Il driver della scheda deve supportare correttamente il formato
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446 AFMT_AC3 (C-Media lo fa). Collega il tuo decodificatore AC-3 all'uscita S/PDIF,
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447 e usa l'opzione <option>-ac hwac3</option>. E' sperimentale ma si sa che
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448 funziona con schede C-Media e driver Soundblaster Live! + ALSA (ma non OSS) e
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449 schede di decodifica MPEG DXR3/Hollywood+.
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450 </para>
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451 </sect2>
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452
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453 <!-- ********** -->
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454
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455 <sect2 id="libmad">
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456 <title>Supporto per <systemitem class="library">libmad</systemitem></title>
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457
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458 <para>
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459 <ulink url="http://www.underbit.com/products/mad/"><systemitem class="library">libmad</systemitem></ulink>
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460 è una libreria multipiattaforma di decodifica audio, per MPEG solo interi
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461 (internamente PCM a 24bit). Non gestisce bene file danneggiati, e delle volte
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462 ha problemi con la ricerca, ma può lavorare meglio su piattaforme senza FPU
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463 (come <link linkend="arm">ARM</link>) rispetto ad
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464 <systemitem class="library">mp3lib</systemitem>.
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465 </para>
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466
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467 <para>
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468 Se hai una corretta installazione di
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469 <systemitem class="library">libmad</systemitem>,
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470 <filename>./configure</filename> se ne accorgerà e il supporto per audio MPEG
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471 attraverso <systemitem class="library">libmad</systemitem> verrà
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472 automaticamente compilato.
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473 </para>
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474 </sect2>
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475
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476 <!-- ********** -->
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477
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478 <sect2 id="hwmpa">
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479 <title>Codec hardware audio MPEG</title>
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480
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481 <para>
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482 This codec (selected by <option>-ac hwmpa</option>) passes through MPEG audio
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483 packets to hardware decoders, such as the ones found in full-featured DVB cards
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484 and DXR2 adapters.
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485 Don't use it in combination with any other audio output device
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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486 (such as OSS and ALSA) that isn't able to decode it (you will hear
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
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487 only white noise).
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488 Questo codec (selezionato con <option>-ac hwmpa</option>) trasferisce
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ptt
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489 direttamente i pacchetti audio MPEG ai decodificatori audio, come quelli che si
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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490 trovano nelle schede DVB full-option e negli adattatori DXR2.
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491 Non usarlo in combinazione con alcun altro dispositivo di uscita audio
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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492 (come OSS o ALSA) che non sia capace di decodificarlo (sentirai solo rumore
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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493 bianco).
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494 </para>
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495 </sect2>
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496
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497 <!-- ********** -->
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498
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499 <sect2 id="aac">
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500 <title>Codec AAC</title>
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501
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502 <para>
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503 AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) è un codec audio che si trova delle volte nei file
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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504 MOV e MP4. E' disponibile da <ulink url="http://www.audiocoding.com"/> un
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505 decodificatore open source chiamato FAAD.
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506 <application>MPlayer</application> include uno snapshot CVS di libfaad 2.1 beta,
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507 così non hai bisogno di recuperarlo separatamente.
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508 </para>
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509
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510 <para>
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511 Se usi gcc 3.2 che fallirà nel compilare la nostra FAAD interna oppure vuoi
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512 usare la libreria esterna per qualche altra ragione, scarica la libreria della
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513 <ulink url="http://www.audiocoding.com/modules/mydownloads/">pagina di download</ulink>
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514 e passa <option>--enable-faad-external</option> a
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515 <filename>./configure</filename>.
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516 Non ti serve tutto di faad2 per decodificare i file AAC, è sufficiente libfaad.
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517 Compilala così:
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518 <screen>
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519 cd faad2/
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520 sh bootstrap
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521 ./configure
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522 cd libfaad
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523 make
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524 make install
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525 </screen>
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526 I binari non sono disponibili da audiocoding.com, ma puoi apt-gettare i
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
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527 pacchetti Debian dal
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
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528 <ulink url="http://www.debian-multimedia.org/">sito di Christian Marillat</ulink>,
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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529 gli RPM per Mandrake/Mandriva da <ulink url="http://plf.zarb.org">P.L.F</ulink>
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530 e gli RPM per Fedora RPMs da <ulink url="http://rpm.livna.org/">Livna</ulink>.
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531 </para>
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diff changeset
532 </sect2>
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533
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parents:
diff changeset
534 <!-- ********** -->
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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535
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ptt
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536 <sect2 id="amr">
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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537 <title>Codec AMR</title>
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diff changeset
538
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parents:
diff changeset
539 <para>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
540 Il codec voce Adaptive Multi-Rate è usato nei telefoni cellulari di terza
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
541 generazione (3G).
23519
9179c92d65f9 removed a forgotten part in english plus small corrections
ptt
parents: 23515
diff changeset
542 La referenza per l'implementazione è disponibile da
23515
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
543 <ulink url="http://www.3gpp.org">The 3rd Generation Partnership Project</ulink>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
544 (gratuita per uso personale).
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
545 Per abilitarne il supporto, scarica e installa le librerie per
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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diff changeset
546 <ulink url="http://www.penguin.cz/~utx/amr">AMR-NB e AMR-WB</ulink>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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parents:
diff changeset
547 seguendo le istruzioni da quella pagina.
24726
451d93174da5 synced with r24082
ptt
parents: 24683
diff changeset
548 Dopodiché ricompila <application>MPlayer</application>.
23515
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diff changeset
549 </para>
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diff changeset
550 </sect2>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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diff changeset
551
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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diff changeset
552 </sect1>
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
553
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
554
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
555 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
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parents:
diff changeset
556
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
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diff changeset
557
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
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diff changeset
558 <sect1 id="codec-importing">
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
559 <title>HOWTO sull'importazione dei codec Win32</title>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
560
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
561 <!-- TODO: a short paragraph of text would be nice here... -->
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ptt
parents:
diff changeset
562
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
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diff changeset
563 <sect2 id="vfw-codecs">
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
564 <title>Codec VFW</title>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
565
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
566 <para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
567 VFW (Video for Windows) sono le vecchie API Video per Windows. I loro codec
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
568 hanno un'estensione <filename>.DLL</filename> o (raramente)
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
569 <filename>.DRV</filename>. Se <application>MPlayer</application> non riesce a
26249
ce200b2becc6 grammar fix
ptt
parents: 26114
diff changeset
570 riprodurre il tuo AVI emettendo un messaggio del tipo:
23515
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
571 <screen>UNKNOWN video codec: HFYU (0x55594648)</screen>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
572 significa che il tuo AVI è codificato con un codec che ha HFYU come fourcc
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
573 (HFYU = HuffYUV codec, DIV3 = DivX Low Motion, etc.). Ora che lo sai, devi
26249
ce200b2becc6 grammar fix
ptt
parents: 26114
diff changeset
574 scoprire quale DLL di Windows viene caricata per riprodurre quel file. Nel
23515
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
575 nostro caso il <filename>system.ini</filename> contiene questa informazione in
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
576 una riga siffatta:
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
577 <programlisting>VIDC.HFYU=huffyuv.dll</programlisting>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
578 </para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
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diff changeset
579
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
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diff changeset
580 <para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
581 Perciò ti serve il file <filename>huffyuv.dll</filename>. Nota che i codec
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
582 audio vengono specificati con il prefisso MSACM:
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
583 <programlisting>msacm.l3acm=L3codeca.acm</programlisting>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
584 </para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
585
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
586 <para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
587 Questo è il codec MP3. Ora che hai tutte le informazioni necessarie
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
588 (fourcc, file del codec, AVI di esempio), invia via mail la tua richiesta di
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
589 supporto per il codec, e carica questi file sul sito FTP:
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
590 <systemitem role="url">ftp://upload.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/incoming/<replaceable>&lt;nomecodec&gt;</replaceable>/</systemitem>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
591 </para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
592
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
593 <note><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
594 In Windows NT/2000/XP cerca queste informazioni nel registro,
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
595 per es. cerca "VIDC.HFYU". Per scoprire come farlo, guarda il vecchio metodo
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
596 per DirectShow più sotto.
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
597 </para></note>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
598 </sect2>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
599
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
600 <!-- ********** -->
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
601
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
602 <sect2 id="dshow-codecs">
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
603 <title>Codec DirectShow</title>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
604
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
605 <para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
606 DirectShow sono le API Video più recenti, che sono ancora peggio delle
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
607 precedenti. Le cose sono più difficili con le DirectShow, dato che
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
608 <itemizedlist>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
609 <listitem><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
610 <filename>system.ini</filename> non contiene le informazioni che servono,
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
611 sono invece scritte nel registro e
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
612 </para></listitem>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
613 <listitem><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
614 bisogna sapere il GUID del codec.
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
615 </para></listitem>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
616 </itemizedlist>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
617 </para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
618
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
619 <procedure>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
620 <title>Nuovo Metodo:</title>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
621 <para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
622 Usando <application>Microsoft GraphEdit</application> (veloce)
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
623 </para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
624 <step><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
625 Ottieni <application>GraphEdit</application> o dall'SDK delle DirectX o da
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
626 <ulink url="http://doom9.net">doom9</ulink>.
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
627 </para></step>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
628 <step><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
629 Avvia <command>graphedit.exe</command>.
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
630 </para></step>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
631 <step><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
632 Dal menu scegli
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
633 <!-- TODO: mettere le vodi del menu dalla versione it di graphedit -->
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
634 <menuchoice><guimenu>Graph</guimenu>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
635 <guisubmenu>Insert Filters</guisubmenu></menuchoice>.
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
636 </para></step>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
637 <step><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
638 Espandi <systemitem>DirectShow Filters</systemitem>.
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
639 </para></step>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
640 <step><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
641 Seleziona il nome giusto del codec e espandilo.
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
642 </para></step>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
643 <step><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
644 Nella voce <systemitem>DisplayName</systemitem> guarda il testo tra
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
645 parentesi graffe dopo il backslash e segnatelo (cinque blocchi separati da
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
646 trattini, il GUID).
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
647 </para></step>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
648 <step><para>
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
649 Il codec binario è il file specificato nella voce
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
diff changeset
650 <systemitem>Filename</systemitem>.
8def0127da2f added italian translation of codecs.xml & containers.xml
ptt
parents:
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651 </para></step>
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652 </procedure>
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653
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654 <note><para>
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655 Se non c'è alcun <systemitem>Filename</systemitem> e
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656 <systemitem>DisplayName</systemitem> contiene qualcosa del tipo
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657 <systemitem>device:dmo</systemitem>, allora è un codec DMO.
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658 </para></note>
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659
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660 <procedure>
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661 <title>Vecchio Method:</title>
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662 <para>
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663 Fai un grosso respiro e inizia a cercare nel registro...
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664 </para>
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665 <step><para>
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666 Avvia <command>regedit</command>.
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667 </para></step>
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668 <step><para>
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669 Premi <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>T</keycap></keycombo>, disabilita
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670 le prime due opzioni, e abilita la terza. Scrivi il fourcc del codec (per es.
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671 <userinput>TM20</userinput>).
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672 </para></step>
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673 <step><para>
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674 Dovresti trovare un campo che contiene il percorso e il nome del file
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675 (per es. <filename>C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\TM20DEC.AX</filename>).
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676 </para></step>
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677 <step><para>
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678 Ora che sai il file, ci serve il GUID. Prova a fare di nuovo la ricerca, ma
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679 ora cerca il nome del codec, e non più il fourcc. Il suo nome si può
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680 scoprire quando Media Player sta riproducendo il file, controllando
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681 <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Properties</guisubmenu>
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682 <guimenuitem>Advanced</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
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683 Se non c'è, sei sfortunato. Prova ad indovinarlo (per es. cerca TrueMotion).
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684 </para></step>
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685 <step><para>
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686 Se trovi il GUID, dovresti trovare un campo
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687 "<guilabel>FriendlyName</guilabel>" e un "<guilabel>CLSID</guilabel>".
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688 Segnati il CLSID di 16 caratteri, questo è il GUID che ci serve.
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689 </para></step>
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690 </procedure>
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691
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692 <note><para>
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693 Se la ricerca fallisce, prova ad abilitare tutte le opzioni. Puoi avere dei
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694 falsi positivi, ma potresti essere fortunato...
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695 </para></note>
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696
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697 <para>
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698 Ora che hai tutte le informazioni necessarie (fourcc, GUID, file del codec, AVI
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699 di esempio), invia via mail la tua richiesta di supporto per il codec, e carica
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700 questi file sul sito FTP:
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701 <systemitem role="url">ftp://upload.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/incoming/<replaceable>&lt;nomecodec&gt;</replaceable>/</systemitem>
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702 </para>
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703
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704 <para>
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705 Se ti garba aggiungere un codec per conto tuo, leggi
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706 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/DOCS/tech/codecs.conf.txt">DOCS/tech/codecs.conf.txt</ulink>.
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707 </para>
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708
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709 </sect2>
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710 </sect1>
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711
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712 </chapter>