annotate DOCS/Italian/encoding.html @ 5832:041bd56e41dc

added support for output of subtitles - Juergen Hammelmann <juergen.hammelmann@gmx.de>
author arpi
date Thu, 25 Apr 2002 13:33:43 +0000
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1 <HTML>
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2
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3 <HEAD>
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4 <STYLE>
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5 .text
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6 {font-family : Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
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7 font-size : 14px;}
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8 </STYLE>
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9 </HEAD>
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10
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11 <BODY BGCOLOR=white>
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12
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13 <FONT CLASS="text">
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14
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15 <P><B><A NAME=2.4>2.4. Codificare con MEncoder</A></B></P>
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16
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17 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.1>2.4.1. Generale</B></P>
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18
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19 <P><B>MEncoder</B> (<B>MPlayer</B>'s Movie Encoder, Codificatore Filmati di MPlayer) è un semplice encoder,
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20 studiato per codificare i filmati leggibili da MPlayer
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21 (<B>AVI/DVD/VCD/VOB/MPG/MOV/VIV/FLI/RM/NUV/NET</B>) in altri formati leggibili da MPlayer
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22 (vedi sotto). Può usare vari codec, come <B>DivX4</B> (1 o
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23 2 passaggi), libavcodec, audio <B>PCM</B>/<B>MP3</B>/<B>VBRMP3</B>. Ha anche la
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24 capacità di copiare da stream e di ridimensionare i video.</P>
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25
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26 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.2>2.4.2. Compilazione</B></P>
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27
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28 <P>
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29 <UL>
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30 <LI><B>OPZIONALE</B> - leggi le istruzioni di compilazione di <B>MPlayer</B>, contengono informazioni
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31 su come installare <I>libdvdread</I> per il supporto <B>DVD</B>, ecc.</LI>
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32 <LI><B>OPZIONALE (SOLO PER LINUX)</B> - scarica le librerie <B>DivX4linux</B> più recenti
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33 da <A HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/download.htm">avifile.sourceforge.net</A>,
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34 e installale CORRETTAMENTE. Ti servono se vuoi codificare in DivX4
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35 (1/2 passaggi).</LI>
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36 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.9">scarica e installa
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37 <B>XViD</B></A>. Molto utile su sistemi non-Linux, e/o se hai bisogno
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38 di una codifica più veloce del DivX4, con approssimativamente la stessa qualità.</LI>
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39 <LI><B>OPZIONALE</B> - per il supporto libavcodec, installa libavcodec come
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40 descritto nella <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">sezione libavcodec</A>.</LI>
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41 <LI><B>OPZIONALE</B> - scarica e compila <B>libmp3lame</B> (da lame 3.89beta o lame CVS).<BR>
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42 <B>ATTENZIONE : NON COMPILARE LAME CON <U>GCC 2.96</U> ! Non funzionerà
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43 propriamente !</B><BR>
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44 Questo
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45 è necessario per la possibilità di codificare audio CBR/VBR MP3. Nota che il singolo binario di
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46 <CODE>lame</CODE> non è sufficiente. Comunque: meno ottimizzazione usi
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47 per lame, migliore sarà la qualità. Puoi testare la
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48 qualità eseguendo <CODE>make test</CODE> dopo aver finito il processo di compilazione di
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49 lame. Il numero risultante dovrebbe essere minore di <B>30</B>. Non ti spaventare
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50 se è <B>400</B> o comunque alto, non dovresti sentire una diminuzione di
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51 qualità. Oh, e se il tuo compilatore non esegue nemmeno <CODE>make test</CODE> ...
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52 Bhe, cancella quel <B>GCC 2.96</B>.</LI>
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53 <LI><B>OPZIONALE</B> - <CODE>libjpeg</CODE> e <CODE>libpng</CODE> -
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54 come descritto nella sezione <A HREF="documentation.html#1.3">Installazione</A>
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55 </LI>
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56 </UL>
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57 </P>
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58
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59 <P>Sei pronto. Come forse saprai, altri strumenti per la codifica necessitano installata
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60 la libreria <I>avifile</I>. <B>MEncoder</B> non ne ha per niente bisogno.</P>
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61
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62 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3>2.4.3. Caratteristiche di MEncoder</B></P>
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63
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64 <P>
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65 <UL>
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66 <LI>codifica dall'ampia scelta di formati file e decoder di <B>MPlayer</B></LI>
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67 <LI>codifica in tutti i codec del
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68 <A HREF=codecs.html#2.2.1.2>libavcodec</A> di ffmpeg</LI>
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69 <LI>codifica video da <B>sintonizzatori TV compatibili con V4L</B></LI>
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70 <LI>codifica/multiplexing a file AVI intervallati con un indice corretto</LI>
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71 <LI>creazione di file da flusso audio esterno</LI>
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72 <LI>1, 2 o 3 passaggi video <B>DivX4</B></LI>
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73 <LI>Audio MP3 <B>VBR</B> - <B>NOTA IMPORTANTE</B> : l'audio MP3 VBR non sempre
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74 viene letto bene da i lettori di windows! Se hai intenzione di codificare AVI
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75 principalmente per windows, codifica con CBR!</LI>
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76 <LI>Audio PCM</LI>
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77 <LI>copia da stream</LI>
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78 <LI>sincronizzazione dell'input A/V (basata su PTS, può essere disabilitata con l'opzione -mc 0)</LI>
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79 <LI>correzione FPS con l'opzione <CODE>-ofps</CODE> (utile quando si codifica
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80 un VOB a 29.97fps in un AVI a 24fps)</LI>
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81 <LI>ridimensionamento filmati</LI>
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82 </UL>
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83 </P>
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84
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85 <P><B><I>Caratteristiche programmate</I></B> :
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86 <UL>
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87 <LI>ancora più ampia scelta disponibile di formati/codec di (de)codifica
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88 (creare file VOB con flussi DivX4/Indeo5/VIVO :)</LI>
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89 <LI>codifica audio da v4l</LI>
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90 </UL>
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91 </P>
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92
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93 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.1>2.4.3.1. Codificare DivX4 in 2 o 3 passaggi</B></P>
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94
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95 <P><U><B>codifica a 2 passaggi :</B></U> il nome deriva dal fatto che questo metodo codifica il file <I>due volte</I>.
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96 La prima codifica (<I>passaggio</I> doppiato) crea dei file temporanei (*.log) con una grandezza
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97 di pochi megabyte, non cancellarli ancora (puoi cancellare l' AVI). Nel secondo passaggio, viene creato il
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98 file di output, usando i dati sul bitrate dei file temporanei. Il file risultante avrà una
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99 migliore qualità d'immagine. Se questa è la prima volta che ne senti parlare,
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100 dovresti consultare alcune guide disponibili in rete.</P>
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101
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102 <P>Questo esempio mostra come codificare un DVD in un AVI DivX4 a 2 passaggi. Bisogna dare solo
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103 due comandi :<BR>
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104 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rm frameno.avi</CODE> - rimuovi questo file che può essere rimasto
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105 da una precedente codifica a 3 passaggi (interferisce col processo attuale)<BR>
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106 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -divx4opts br=1100
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107 -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR>
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108 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -divx4opts br=1100 -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE></P>
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109
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110 <P><U><B>codifica a 3 passaggi :</B></U> questa è un' estensione della codifica a 2 passaggi,
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111 dove la codifica audio avviene in un passaggio separato. Questo metodo abilita la
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112 stima del bitrate video raccomandato per far stare il file risultante in un CD. In più,
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113 l'audio è codificato solo una volta, diversamente dalla modalità in 2 passaggi. Schema :</P>
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114
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115 <P>
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116 <TABLE>
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117 <TR>
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118 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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119 <CODE>rm frameno.avi</CODE></TD>
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120 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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121 <B>rimuovi il file temporaneo che va in conflitto</B></TD>
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122 </TR>
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123 <TR>
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124 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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125 <CODE>mencoder &lt;file/DVD&gt; -ovc frameno -o
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126 frameno.avi</CODE></TD>
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127 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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128 <B><U>Primo passaggio</U> : sarà creato un file avi di solo audio, contenente SOLO
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129 il flusso audio richiesto. Non dimenticare <CODE>-lameopts</CODE>, se ne
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130 hai bisogno. Se stai codificando un filmato lungo, MEncoder da
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131 i valori di bitrate consigliati per dimensioni di destinazione di 650Mb, 700Mb, e 800Mb,
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132 dopo la fine di questo passaggio.</B></TD>
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133 </TR>
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134 <TR>
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135 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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136 <CODE>mencoder &lt;file/DVD&gt; -oac copy -pass 1
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137 -divx4opts br=&lt;bitrate&gt;</CODE></TD>
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138 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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139 <B><U>Secondo passaggio</U> : cioè il primo passaggio della codifica del video DivX4.
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140 Puoi specificare il bitrate video dato da MEncoder alla fine del precedente
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141 passaggio.</B></TD>
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142 </TR>
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143 <TR>
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144 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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145 <CODE>mencoder &lt;file/DVD&gt; -oac copy -pass 2
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146 -divx4opts br=&lt;bitrate&gt;</CODE></TD>
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147 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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148 <B><U>Terzo passaggio</U> : cioè il secondo passaggio della codifica video DivX4.
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149 Puoi specificare il bitrate video dato da MEncoder alla fine del precedente
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150 passaggio. In questo passaggio, l'audio da <CODE>frameno.avi</CODE> sarà inserito
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151 nel file di destinazione.. ed è tutto pronto!</B></TD>
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152 </TR>
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153 </TABLE>
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154 </P>
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155
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156 <P><B>Esempio di codifica a 3 passaggi :</B></P>
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157
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158 <P><CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rm frameno.avi</CODE> - rimuovi questo file,
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159 che può essere rimasto da una precedente codifica a 3 passaggi (interferisce con quella attuale)<BR>
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160
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161 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc frameno
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162 -o frameno.avi<BR>
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163 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2
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164 -divx4opts br=1100 -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR>
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165 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2
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166 -divx4opts br=1100 -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE>
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167 </P>
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168
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169
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170 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.2>2.4.3.2. Ridimensionare i filmati</B></P>
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171
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172 <P>Spesso emerge l'esigenza di ridimensionare le immagini del filmato. Le ragioni possono essere molte,
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173 come diminuire la grandezza del file di output, codificare SVCD in DivX. I DVD "rippati"
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174 sono spesso da ridimensionare, per esempio un DVD in scala 4:3 dovrebbe essere in 640x480, specialmente se vuoi
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175 che entri in 1 CD, e avere una buona qualità allo stesso tempo.
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176 Gli SVCD hanno dimensione di 480x480, e la loro intestazione contiene le proporzioni
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177 che il lettore dovrebbe usare (Es.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). Però quando codifichi
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178 un file AVI (DivX), devi fare attenzione che l'intestazione dell'AVI non includa
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179 questo valore. Quindi, l'unica soluzione è ridimensionare.</P>
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180
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181 <P><B>MEncoder</B> può ridimensionare le immagini di input se sono in formato YV12 (per esempio:
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182 ffdivx, driver odivx, o mpeg1/2). Le dimensioni di output si specificano con le opzioni
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183 <CODE>-x</CODE>, e <CODE>-y</CODE>. Inoltre, ci sono alcuni filtri
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184 di ridimensionamento in <B>MEncoder</B>, guarda la pagina di man !
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185 Possono essere specificati con l'opzione <CODE>-sws</CODE>. Se non specificato,
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186 <B>MEncoder</B> userà 0 : bilineare veloce.</P>
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187
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188 <P>Ridimensionare è molto semplice :<BR>
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189 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder sample-svcd.mpg -divx4opts br=1300 -x 640 -y 480 -sws 2 -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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190
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191
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192 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.3>2.4.3.3. Copia da stream</B></P>
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193
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194 <P><B>MEncoder</B> può gestire i flussi in entrata in due modi : <B>codificandoli</B> o
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195 <B>copiandoli</B>. Questa sezione tratta la <B>copia</B>.</P>
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196
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197 <P>
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198 <UL>
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199 <LI><B>Flusso video</B> (opzione <CODE>-ovc copy</CODE>) : si possono fare tante belle cose :)<BR>
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200 Come, mettere (non convertire!) video FLI o VIVO o MPEG1 in un file AVI !
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201 Naturalmente solo <B>MPlayer</B> può leggere tali file :) E probabilmente non ha
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202 alcuna utilità nella vita reale. Seriamente : la copia del flusso video può essere utile per esempio
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203 quando si vuole codificare solo il flusso audio (come, PCM non compresso
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204 in MP3).</LI>
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205
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206 <LI><B>Flusso audio</B> (opzione <CODE>-oac copy</CODE>) : semplice da capire.
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207 E' possibile prendere un file audio esterno (MP3, AC3, Vorbis) e mixarlo
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208 nel flusso di output. Usa l'opzione <CODE>-audiofile &lt;filename&gt;</CODE>
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209 per farlo.</LI>
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210 </UL>
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211 </P>
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212
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213
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214 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.4>2.4.3.4. Correggere gli AVI con indice o intervallo malformati</B></P>
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215
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216 <P>La cosa più semplice. Copiamo semplicemente i flussi audio e video, e
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217 <B>MEncoder</B> genera l'indice. Naturalmente questo non può correggere possibili bug
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218 nei flussi video e/o audio. Corregge anche i file mal intervallati,
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219 così non sarà più necessaria l'opzione <CODE>-ni</CODE> per leggerli.</P>
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220
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221 <P>Comando : <CODE>mencoder input.avi -ovc copy -oac copy -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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222
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223
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224 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.5>2.4.3.5. Codificare con le famiglia di codec <I>libavcodec</I></B></P>
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225
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226 <P><A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">libavcodec</A> fornisce una semplice codifica in
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227 molti interessanti formati video e audio (al momento i suoi codec audio non sono
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228 supportati). Puoi codificare i seguenti codec :</P>
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229
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230 <P>
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231 <UL>
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232 <LI>mjpeg - Motion JPEG</LI>
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233 <LI>h263 - H263</LI>
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234 <LI>h263p - H263 Plus</LI>
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235 <LI>mpeg4 - DivX4</LI>
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236 <LI>msmpeg4 - il vecchio DivX</LI>
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237 <LI>rv10 - un vecchio codec RealVideo</LI>
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238 <LI>mpeg1video - video MPEG1 :)</LI>
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239 </UL>
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240 </P>
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241
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242 <P>La prima colonna contiene i nomi dei codec che devono essere passati dopo l'opzione
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243 <CODE>vcodec</CODE>, come : <CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4</CODE></P>
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244
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245 <P>Un esempio, con la compressione MJPEG :<BR>
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246 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg</CODE></P>
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247
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248
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249 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.6>2.4.3.6. Codificare da file di immagine multipli (JPEG o PNG)</B></P>
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250
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251 <P><B>MEncoder</B> è in grado di creare filmati a partire da uno o più file JPEG o PNG.
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252 Con un semplice framecopy può creare file MJPEG (Motion JPEG) o MPNG
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253 (Motion PNG).</P>
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254
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255 <P><B><I>Spiegazione del processo</I></B></P>
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256
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257 <P><B>MEncoder</B> <I>decodifica</I> le immagini in input con un codec video MJPEG
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258 disponibile (per i PNG, usa <B>libpng</B>).
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259 </P>
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260
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261 <P><B>MEncoder</B> quindi passa l' immagine decodificata al compressore video scelto
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262 (DivX4, Xvid, ffmpeg msmpeg4, ecc...). Attenzione al decoder PNG, dato che
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263 attualmente può fornire in output solo formati RGB, quindi non può essere usato con i codec
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264 che richiedono un input YUV, come il DivX4 o l' msmpeg4 di ffmpeg.</P>
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265
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266 <P><B><I>Esempi</I></B></P>
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267
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268 <P>La spiegazione dell'opzione <CODE>-mf</CODE> si trova più sotto nella sezione
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269 delle <A HREF=#2.4.5>Opzioni</A> generali e nella pagina di man.</P>
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270
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271 <P><I>Creare un file DivX4 da tutti i file JPEG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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272 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder \*.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc divx4 -o
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273 output.avi</CODE></P>
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274
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275 <P><I>Creare un file DivX4 da alcuni dei file JPEG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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276 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder frame001.jpg,frame002.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc divx4 -o
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277 output.avi</CODE></P>
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278
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279 <P><I>Creare un file Motion JPEG (MJPEG) da tutti i file JPEG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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280 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder \*.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc copy
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281 -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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282
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283 <P><I>Creare un file non compresso da tutti i file PNG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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284 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder \*.png -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -o
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285 output.avi</CODE></P>
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286
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287 <P><I>Creare un file Motion PNG (MPNG) da tutti i file PNG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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288 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder \*.png -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy
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289 -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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290
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291
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292 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.4>2.4.4. Sintassi</B></P>
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293
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294 <P>&nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder [opzioni] [file di input] [opzioni] ...</P>
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295
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296
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297 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.5>2.4.5. Opzioni disponibili</B></P>
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298
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299 <P>NOTA : per tutte le opzioni disponibili, <B>leggi la pagina di man !</B></P>
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300
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301 <P>
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302 Dato che <B>MEncoder</B> è costruito sullo stesso codice di <B>MPlayer</B>, ci sono
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303 molte opzioni di <B>MPlayer</B> che hanno funzioni anche in <B>MEncoder</B>!
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304 Vedi, puoi usare <CODE>-sid</CODE> per "rippare" un DVD con i sottotitoli, o
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305 <CODE>-noidx</CODE> per ignorare in input l'indice malformato di un AVI. <B>Sii sveglio!</B>
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306 </P>
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307
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308 <TABLE BORDER=1>
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309 <TR>
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310 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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311 <I>-ss</I> tempo</TD>
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312 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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313 comincia a codificare dal tempo dato (può partire solo dai frame chiave !)
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314 </TD>
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315 </TR>
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316 <TR>
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317 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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318 <I>-endpos</I> tempo</TD>
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319 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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320 smetti di codificare al tempo dato. Vedi la pagina di man per esempi !
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321 </TD>
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322 </TR>
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323 <TR>
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324 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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325 <I>-o</I> nomefile</TD>
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326 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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327 specifica il nome del file di output
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328 </TD>
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329 </TR>
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330 <TR>
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331 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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332 <I>-x</I> larghezza in pixel</TD>
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333 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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334 ridimensiona l'output alla data larghezza in pixel
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335 </TD>
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336 </TR>
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337 <TR>
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338 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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339 <I>-y</I> altezza in pixel</TD>
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340 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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341 ridimensiona l'output alla data altezza in pixel
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342 </TD>
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343 </TR>
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344 <TR>
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345 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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346 <I>-sws</I> 0-2</TD>
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347 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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348 metodo di ridimensionamento<BR>
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349 &nbsp;&nbsp;0 - bilineare veloce<BR>
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350 &nbsp;&nbsp;1 - bilineare<BR>
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351 &nbsp;&nbsp;2 - bicubico (migliore qualità)<BR>
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352 </TD>
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353 </TR>
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354 <TR>
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355 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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356 <I>-ovc</I> nomecodec</TD>
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357 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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358 Codifica col codec dato (i nomi dei codec sono quelli presenti in codecs.conf). Esempi:<BR>
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359 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni una lista dei codec disponibili<BR>
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360 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>null</B> - non creare un flusso video nell'AVI di output<BR>
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361 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>raw</B> - crea un video non compresso<BR>
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362 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>rawrgb</B> - ?<BR>
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363 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>copy</B> - nessuna codifica, copia il flusso (solo da AVI/ASF per ora)<BR>
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364 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>divx4</B> - codifica in DivX4<BR>
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365 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>lavc</B> - codifica con un codec di libavcodec<BR>
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366 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vfw</B> - codifica con una DLL Windows<BR>
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367 </TD>
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368 </TR>
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369 <TR>
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370 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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371 <I>-oac</I> nomecodec</TD>
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372 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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373 Codifica col codec dato (i nomi dei codec sono quelli presenti in codecs.conf). Esempi:<BR>
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374 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni una lista dei codec disponibili<BR>
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375 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>copy</B> - nessuna codifica, copia il flusso (solo da AVI/ASF per ora)<BR>
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376 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>pcm</B> - codifica in un PCM non compresso<BR>
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377 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>mp3lame</B> - codifica in MP3 (usando Lame)<BR>
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378 </TD>
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379 </TR>
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380 <TR>
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381 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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382 <I>-mf</I> opzioni multifile</TD>
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383 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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384 Usate per codificare da file JPEG multipli. Le sue sotto-opzioni sono:<BR>
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385 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>on</B> - abilita il supporto multifile<BR>
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386 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>w</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - larghezza del file di output<BR>
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387 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>h</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - altezza del file di output<BR>
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388 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>fps</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - fps del file di output<BR>
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389 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>type</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - tipo di file in input (tipi disponibili : <CODE>jpeg</CODE>, <CODE>png</CODE>)<BR>
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390 </TD>
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391 </TR>
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392
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393 <TR>
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394 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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395 <I>-divx4opts</I></TD>
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396 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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397 Se codifichi in DivX4, puoi specificare i sui parametri qui, come:<BR>
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398 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-divx4opts br=1800:deinterlace:key=250</CODE><BR>
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399 Opzioni comuni: <B>(per la lista completa leggi la pagina di man!)</B><BR>
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400 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni l'aiuto<BR>
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401 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>br</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - specifica il bitrate in kbit &lt;4-16000&gt; o bit &lt;16001-24000000&gt;<BR>
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402 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>q</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - qualità (1-veloce, 5-migliore - predefinito 5)<BR>
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403 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>key</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - intervallo tra i frame chiave<BR>
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404 </TD>
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405 </TR>
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406 <TR>
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407 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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408 <I>-lavcopts</I></TD>
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409 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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410 Se codifichi in libavcodec, puoi specificare i sui parametri qui, come:<BR>
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411 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4:vbitrate=1800:vhq:keyint=250</CODE><BR>
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412 Opzioni comuni: <B>(per la lista completa leggi la pagina di man!)</B><BR>
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413 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni l'aiuto<BR>
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414 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vcodec</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - seleziona il codec video (per la lista completa, vedi la sezione libavcodec sopra)<BR>
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415 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vbitrate</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - specifica il bitrate in kbit &lt;4-16000&gt; o bit &lt;16001-24000000&gt;<BR>
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416 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vhq</B> - alta qualità<BR>
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417 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>keyint</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - intervallo tra i frame chiave<BR>
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418 </TD>
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419 </TR>
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420 <TR>
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421 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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422 <I>-lameopts</I></TD>
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423 <TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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424 Se codifichi in MP3 con libmp3lame, puoi specificare i sui parametri qui, come:<BR>
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425 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-lameopts q=3</CODE><BR>
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426 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-lameopts br=192:cbr</CODE><BR>
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427 Opzioni comuni: <B>(per la lista completa leggi la pagina di man!)</B><BR>
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428 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni l'aiuto<BR>
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429 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>cbr</B> - seleziona MP3 <B>CBR</B> (il default è <B>VBR</B>)<BR>
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430 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>br</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - specifica il bitrate in kbit &lt;0-1024&gt; (solo per <B>CBR</B>!)<BR>
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431 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>q</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - qualità (0-alta, 9-veloce - predefinito 0) (solo per <B>VBR</B>!)<BR>
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432 </TD>
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433 </TR>
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434 </TABLE>
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435
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436 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.6>2.4.6. Esempi</B></P>
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437
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438 <P>Usare <B>MEncoder</B> è la cosa più facile della Terra. Vedi il seguito :</P>
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439
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440 <P>Codificare da DVD, titolo 2 :<BR>
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441 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi</CODE></P>
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442
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443 <P>Lo stesso, ma con la famiglia libavcodec, compressione MJPEG :<BR>
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444 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg -ffourcc mjpg</CODE></P>
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445
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446 <P>Codifica da DVD, titolo 2, con ridimensionamento :<BR>
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447 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -x 640 -y 480 -sws 2 -o title2.avi</CODE></P>
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448
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449 <P>Codifica da HTTP :<BR>
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450 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder http://mplayer.hq/example.avi -o example.avi</CODE></P>
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451
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452 <P>Codifica da pipe :<BR>
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453 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rar p test-SVCD.rar | mencoder -divx4opts br=800 -ofps 24 -pass 1 -- -</CODE></P>
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454
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455 <P>Codificare file *.vob multipli :<BR>
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456 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cat *.vob | mencoder &lt;opzioni&gt; -</CODE></P>
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457
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458 <P>Codifica da sintonizzatore TV (per le opzioni <A HREF="documentation.html#2.5">vedi la sezione input TV !</A>) :<BR>
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459 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -tv on:driver=v4l:width=640:height=480 &lt;opzioni&gt;</CODE></P>
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460
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461 <P>Per tutte le opzioni disponibili, <B><I>controlla la pagina man di MEncoder !</I></B>
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462 <P>
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463 </FONT>
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464 </BODY>
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465 </HTML>