Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/de/video.xml @ 37003:2d8157b3b386
Fix the index passed to PutImage() for item type itVPotmeter.
Unlike the position for drawing the button (from bottom to top), the
index for the phase image has to be in the usual range, i.e. 0 for 0%
and numphases - 1 for 100%, so that the phase image can be designed
straightforwardly.
Fix the parameter although PutImage() currently doesn't work for item
type itVPotmeter at all.
author | ib |
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date | Fri, 28 Mar 2014 12:21:07 +0000 |
parents | dd5ba6bfe79d |
children |
rev | line source |
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20515 | 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
24624 | 2 <!-- in sync with r23594 --> |
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3 <!-- missing cosmetic commit 21537 --> |
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4 <chapter id="video"> |
20515 | 5 <title>Videoausgabegeräte</title> |
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6 |
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7 <sect1 id="mtrr"> |
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8 <title>MTRR einrichten</title> |
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9 |
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10 <para> |
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11 Du solltest UNBEDINGT sicherstellen, dass die MTRR-Register richtig belegt |
20515 | 12 sind, denn sie können einen großen Geschwindigkeitsschub |
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13 bringen. |
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14 </para> |
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15 |
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16 <para> |
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17 Gib den Befehl <command>cat /proc/mtrr</command> ein: |
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18 <screen> |
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19 <prompt>--($:~)--</prompt> cat /proc/mtrr |
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20 reg00: base=0xe4000000 (3648MB), size= 16MB: write-combining, count=9 |
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21 reg01: base=0xd8000000 (3456MB), size= 128MB: write-combining, count=1<!-- |
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22 --></screen> |
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23 </para> |
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24 |
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25 <para> |
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26 Diese Anzeige ist richtig. Sie zeigt meine Matrox G400 mit 16MB Speicher. |
18649 | 27 Ich habe die Einstellung von XFree 4.x.x, der die MTRR-Register automatisch |
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28 einstellt. |
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29 </para> |
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30 |
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31 <para> |
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32 Wenn nichts funktioniert, musst du sie manuell setzen. Als erstes musst du |
20515 | 33 die Basisadresse finden. Dazu gibt es drei Möglichkeiten: |
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34 |
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35 <orderedlist> |
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36 <listitem><para> |
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37 durch die X11 Start-Meldungen, zum Beispiel: |
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38 <screen> |
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39 (--) SVGA: PCI: Matrox MGA G400 AGP rev 4, Memory @ 0xd8000000, 0xd4000000 |
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40 (--) SVGA: Linear framebuffer at 0xD8000000<!-- |
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41 --></screen> |
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42 </para></listitem> |
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43 <listitem><para> |
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44 von <filename>/proc/pci</filename> (verwende den Befehl |
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45 <command>lspci -v</command>): |
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46 <screen> |
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47 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc.: Unknown device 0525 |
18649 | 48 Memory at d8000000 (32-bit, prefetchable)<!-- |
49 --></screen> | |
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50 </para></listitem> |
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51 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 52 von den mga_vid Kerneltreiber-Meldungen (verwende <command>dmesg</command>): |
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53 <screen>mga_mem_base = d8000000</screen> |
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54 </para></listitem> |
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55 </orderedlist> |
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56 </para> |
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57 |
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58 <para> |
20515 | 59 So, nun gilt es, die Speichergröße zu finden. Dies ist sehr |
60 einfach, konvertiere einfach die Video-RAM-Größe nach hexadezimal, | |
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61 oder verwende diese Tabelle: |
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62 <informaltable frame="none"> |
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63 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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64 <tbody> |
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65 <row><entry>1 MB</entry><entry>0x100000</entry></row> |
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66 <row><entry>2 MB</entry><entry>0x200000</entry></row> |
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67 <row><entry>4 MB</entry><entry>0x400000</entry></row> |
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68 <row><entry>8 MB</entry><entry>0x800000</entry></row> |
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69 <row><entry>16 MB</entry><entry>0x1000000</entry></row> |
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70 <row><entry>32 MB</entry><entry>0x2000000</entry></row> |
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71 </tbody> |
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72 </tgroup> |
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73 </informaltable> |
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74 </para> |
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75 |
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76 <para> |
20515 | 77 Du kennst die Basisadresse und die Speichergröße? Lass uns |
78 die MTRR Register einstellen! Für die Matrox-Karte von oben | |
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79 (<literal>base=0xd8000000</literal>) mit 32MB RAM (<literal>size=0x2000000</literal>) |
20515 | 80 führst du einfach folgendes aus: |
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81 <screen> |
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82 echo "base=0xd8000000 size=0x2000000 type=write-combining" > /proc/mtrr |
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83 </screen> |
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84 </para> |
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85 |
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86 <para> |
20515 | 87 Nicht alle CPUs unterstützen MTRRs. Zum Beispiel ältere K6-2s |
88 [bei ca. 266MHz, stepping 0] unterstützen kein MTRR, aber Stepping-12-CPUs | |
18649 | 89 tun es (<command>cat /proc/cpuinfo</command> gibt Aufschluss). |
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90 </para> |
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91 </sect1> |
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92 |
24622 | 93 <sect1 id="xv"> |
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94 <title>Xv</title> |
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95 |
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96 <para> |
18649 | 97 Mit XFree86 4.0.2 oder neueren Versionen kannst du die Hardware-YUV-Routinen |
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98 deiner Grafikkarte mit Hilfe der XVideo-Erweiterungen benutzen. Das ist die |
20515 | 99 Technik, die <option>-vo xv</option> benutzt. Dieser Treiber unterstützt |
20923 | 100 darüber hinaus die Anpassung von Helligkeit/Kontrast/Sättigung etc. |
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101 (es sei denn, du benutzt den alten und langsamen DirectShow DivX-Codec, |
20515 | 102 welcher diese Anpassungen unabhängig vom Videoausgabetreiber unterstützt). |
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103 Schau in der Manpage nach. |
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104 </para> |
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105 |
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106 <para> |
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107 Um Xv zum Laufen zu bringen, musst du auf die folgenden Punkte achten: |
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108 |
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109 <orderedlist> |
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110 <listitem><para> |
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111 Du musst XFree86 4.0.2 oder eine neuere Version verwenden, da die |
20515 | 112 älteren Versionen XVideo noch nicht kannten. |
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113 </para></listitem> |
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114 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 115 Deine Grafikkarte muss Hardware-Unterstützung für YUV bieten, was alle |
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116 modernen Karten tun. |
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117 </para></listitem> |
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118 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 119 X muss die XVideo-Erweiterung auch tatsächlich laden, was zu |
120 Meldungen ähnlich der folgenden führt: | |
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121 |
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122 <programlisting>(II) Loading extension XVideo</programlisting> |
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123 |
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124 in <filename>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</filename> |
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125 |
30990 | 126 <note><para> |
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127 Diese Meldung besagt nur, dass die XFree86-Erweiterung |
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128 geladen wird. Bei einer guten Installation sollte das immer der Fall |
20515 | 129 sein. Das heißt allerdings noch nicht, dass die |
130 <emphasis role="bold">XVideo-Unterstützung der Grafikkarte</emphasis> | |
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131 auch geladen wurde! |
30990 | 132 </para></note> |
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133 </para></listitem> |
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134 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 135 Deine Karte muss unter Linux Xv-Unterstützung haben. Du kannst dich |
18649 | 136 dessen mit <command>xvinfo</command> vergewissern, das Teil der |
20515 | 137 XFree86-Distribution ist. Es sollte einen längeren Text ausgeben, |
138 der ungefähr so aussieht: | |
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139 |
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140 <screen> |
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141 X-Video Extension version 2.2 |
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142 screen #0 |
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143 Adaptor #0: "Savage Streams Engine" |
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144 number of ports: 1 |
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145 port base: 43 |
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146 operations supported: PutImage |
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147 supported visuals: |
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148 depth 16, visualID 0x22 |
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149 depth 16, visualID 0x23 |
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150 number of attributes: 5 |
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151 (...) |
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152 Number of image formats: 7 |
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153 id: 0x32595559 (YUY2) |
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154 guid: 59555932-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 |
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155 bits per pixel: 16 |
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156 number of planes: 1 |
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157 type: YUV (packed) |
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158 id: 0x32315659 (YV12) |
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159 guid: 59563132-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 |
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160 bits per pixel: 12 |
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161 number of planes: 3 |
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162 type: YUV (planar) |
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163 (...etc...)<!-- |
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164 --></screen> |
20515 | 165 Damit <application>MPlayer</application> Xv benutzen kann, müssen die |
166 Pixelformate YUY2 packed und YV12 planar unterstützt werden. | |
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167 </para></listitem> |
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168 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 169 Stelle als letztes sicher, dass <application>MPlayer</application> mit |
20515 | 170 Unterstützung für Xv compiliert wurde. <command>configure</command> gibt eine |
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171 entsprechende Meldung aus. |
20515 | 172 Führe den Befehl <command>mplayer -vo help | grep xv </command> aus. |
173 Wurde Unterstützung für Xv eingebaut, sollte eine ähnliche Meldung | |
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174 wie diese erscheinen: |
18649 | 175 <screen>xv X11/Xv</screen> |
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176 </para></listitem> |
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177 </orderedlist> |
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178 </para> |
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179 |
24622 | 180 <sect2 id="tdfx"> |
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181 <title>3dfx-Karten</title> |
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182 |
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183 <para> |
20515 | 184 Ältere 3dfx-Treiber hatten bekanntermaßen Probleme mit der |
20861 | 185 XVideo-Beschleuningung, die weder YUY2 noch YV12 unterstützte. |
19816 | 186 Stelle sicher, dass du XFree86 Version 4.2.0 oder neuer verwendest, da diese |
20861 | 187 Versionen mit YV12 und YUY2 keine Probleme haben, während frühere Versionen, auch |
188 4.1.0, <emphasis role="bold">bei YV12 abgestürzen</emphasis>. | |
20515 | 189 Wenn du merkwürdige Effekte bei der Verwendung von <option>-vo xv</option> |
19816 | 190 bemerkst, dann probier aus, ob mit SDL, das ebenfalls XVideo nutzen kann, |
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191 diese Effekte verschwinden. In der <link linkend="sdl">SDL</link> stehen |
20515 | 192 Details darüber. |
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193 </para> |
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194 |
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195 <para> |
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196 <emphasis role="bold">Alternativ</emphasis> kannst du auch den NEUEN |
19816 | 197 tdfxfb-Treiber mit <option>-vo tdfxfb</option> verwenden! |
198 Lies dazu die <link linkend="tdfxfb">tdfxfb</link>-Sektion. | |
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199 </para> |
24622 | 200 </sect2> |
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201 |
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202 |
24622 | 203 <sect2 id="s3"> |
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204 <title>S3-Karten</title> |
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205 |
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206 <para> |
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207 S3 Savage3D-Karten sollten problemlos funktionieren, aber bei Savage4- |
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208 Chips solltest du XFree86 4.0.3 oder neuer verwenden. Probier bei Problemen |
20515 | 209 den 16bpp-Farbmodus aus. Und der S3 Virge... Es gibt für ihn zwar Xv- |
210 Unterstützung, aber die Karte selbst ist so langsam, dass du sie besser | |
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211 verkaufst. |
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212 </para> |
18603 | 213 <para> |
20515 | 214 Es gibt inzwischen einen nativen Framebuffer-Treiber für S3 Virge-Karten, ähnlich |
215 tdfxfb. Mache die Einstellungen (hänge z.B. | |
20861 | 216 "<option>vga=792 video=vesa:mtrr</option>" an die Kernelkommandozeile an) und benutze |
18603 | 217 <option>-vo s3fb</option> (<option>-vf yuy2</option> und <option>-dr</option> |
218 helfen auch). | |
219 </para> | |
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220 |
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221 <note> |
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222 <para> |
20515 | 223 Momentan ist nicht ganz klar, welche Savage-Modelle keine Unterstützung |
224 für YV12 in Hardware haben, sodass bei ihnen der Treiber diese Konvertierung | |
19816 | 225 sehr langsam vornimmt. Hast du deine Karte in Verdacht, dann |
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226 besorg dir einen neueren Treiber, oder frag auf der MPlayer-Users-Mailingliste |
20515 | 227 freundlich nach einem Treiber, der MMX/3DNow unterstützt. |
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228 </para> |
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229 </note> |
24622 | 230 </sect2> |
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231 |
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232 |
24622 | 233 <sect2 id="nvidia"> |
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234 <title>nVidia-Karten</title> |
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235 |
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236 <para> |
20515 | 237 nVidia ist für Linux keine optimale Wahll. |
238 XFree86's Open-Source-Treiber unterstützt die meisten dieser Karten, jedoch | |
239 musst du in einigen Fällen die binären Closed-Source-Treiber von nVidia | |
240 verwenden, verfügbar auf der | |
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241 <ulink url="http://www.nvidia.com/object/linux.html">nVidia-Webseite</ulink>. |
20515 | 242 Du brauchst diese Treiber immer, wenn du zusätzlich 3D-Beschleunigung |
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243 haben willst. |
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244 </para> |
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245 |
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246 <para> |
20515 | 247 Riva128-Karten bieten nicht einmal mit den binären nVidia-Treibern |
248 XVideo-Unterstützung (beklag dich bei nVidia). | |
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249 </para> |
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250 |
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251 <para> |
20515 | 252 Wie auch immer, <application>MPlayer</application> enthält einen |
253 <link linkend="vidix">VIDIX</link> -Treiber für die meisten nVidia-Karten. | |
18649 | 254 Er ist aktuell in der Beta-Phase und besitzt einige Nachteile. Mehr |
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255 Informationen findest du in der |
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256 <link linkend="vidix-nvidia">nVidia-VIDIX</link>-Sektion. |
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257 </para> |
24622 | 258 </sect2> |
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259 |
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260 |
24622 | 261 <sect2 id="ati"> |
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262 <title>ATI-Karten</title> |
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263 |
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264 <para> |
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265 Die <ulink url="http://gatos.sf.net">GATOS-Treiber</ulink>, die du |
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266 einsetzen solltest, sofern du keine Rage128- oder Radeon-Karte hast, |
18649 | 267 haben per Voreinstellung VSYNC angeschaltet. Dies bedeutet, dass |
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268 die Decodiergeschwindigkeit (!) zur Bildwiederholrate des Monitors |
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269 synchronisiert wird. Wenn dir die Wiedergabe langsam vorkommt, dann |
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270 versuche, irgendwie VSYNC abzuschalten, oder setze die Bildwiederholrate |
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271 des Monitors auf n * (fps des Films) Hz. |
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272 </para> |
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273 |
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274 <para> |
20515 | 275 Radeon VE - wenn du X benötigst, verwende XFree86 4.2.0 oder höher für |
276 diese Karte. Außerdem gibt es keine Unterstützung für den TV-Ausgang. | |
277 Natürlich bekommst du mit <application>MPlayer</application> | |
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278 <emphasis role="bold">Hardware-beschleunigte</emphasis> Wiedergabe, das |
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279 ganze wahlweise <emphasis role="bold">mit oder ohne TV-Ausgang</emphasis>, |
20515 | 280 und es werden dabei nicht einmal weitere Bibliotheken oder X selber benötigt. |
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281 Lies dazu die <link linkend="vidix">VIDIX-Sektion</link>. |
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282 </para> |
24622 | 283 </sect2> |
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284 |
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285 |
24622 | 286 <sect2 id="neomagic"> |
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287 <title>NeoMagic-Karten</title> |
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288 |
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289 <para> |
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290 Diese Chips befinden sich in vielen Laptops. Du musst XFree86 4.3.0 oder |
20515 | 291 höher oder andernfalls die |
292 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/contrib/NeoMagic-driver/">Xv-fähigen | |
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293 Treiber</ulink> von Stefan Seyfried verwenden. |
20515 | 294 Wähle einfach einen, der zu deiner XFree86-Version passt. |
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295 </para> |
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296 |
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297 <para> |
20515 | 298 XFree86 4.3.0 beinhaltet die Unterstützung für Xv, Bohdan Horst schickte jetzt |
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299 einen kleinen |
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300 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/contrib/NeoMagic-driver/neo_driver.patch">Patch</ulink> |
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301 auf die XFree86-Quellen, der Framebuffer-Operationen (daher XVideo) |
18649 | 302 bis auf das Vierfache beschleunigt. Der Patch wurde in das XFree86-CVS |
20515 | 303 eingebunden und sollte im nächsten Release nach 4.3.0 vorhanden sein. |
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304 </para> |
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305 |
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306 <para> |
20515 | 307 Um die Wiedergabe von Video in DVD-Auflösung zu ermöglichen, |
308 ändere deine XF86Config wie folgt: | |
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309 <programlisting> |
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310 Section "Device" |
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311 [...] |
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312 Driver "neomagic" |
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313 <emphasis>Option "OverlayMem" "829440"</emphasis> |
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314 [...] |
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315 EndSection<!-- |
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316 --></programlisting> |
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317 </para> |
24622 | 318 </sect2> |
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319 |
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320 |
24622 | 321 <sect2 id="trident"> |
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322 <title>Trident-Karten</title> |
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323 <para> |
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324 Wenn du Xv mit einer Trident-Grafikkarte benutzen willst, dann installiere |
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325 XFree86 4.2.0, sofern Xv nicht schon mit 4.1.0 funktioniert. Version 4.2.0 |
20515 | 326 enthält Unterstützung für Xv im Vollbild für Cyberblade XP-Karten. |
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327 </para> |
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328 |
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329 <para> |
20515 | 330 Alternativ enthält <application>MPlayer</application> einen |
331 <link linkend="vidix">VIDIX</link>-Treiber für the Cyberblade/i1-Karten. | |
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332 </para> |
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333 |
24622 | 334 </sect2> |
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335 |
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336 |
24622 | 337 <sect2 id="kyro"> |
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338 <title>Kyro/PowerVR-Karten</title> |
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339 <para> |
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340 Wenn du Xv mit einer Kyro-basierten Karte (wie z.B. der Hercules Prophet 4000XT) |
20515 | 341 verwenden möchstest, dann solltest du die Treiber von der |
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342 <ulink url="http://www.powervr.com/">PowerVR-Seite</ulink> herunterladen. |
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343 </para> |
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344 </sect2> |
24622 | 345 </sect1> |
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346 |
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347 <!-- ********** --> |
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348 |
24622 | 349 <sect1 id="dga"> |
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350 <title>DGA</title> |
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351 |
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352 <formalpara> |
20515 | 353 <title>PRÄAMBEL</title> |
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354 <para> |
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355 Dieser Abschnitt versucht, in wenigen Worten zu beschreiben, was DGA |
18649 | 356 generell ist und was der DGA-Videotreiber in <application>MPlayer</application> |
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357 erreichen kann, und was nicht. |
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358 </para> |
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359 </formalpara> |
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360 |
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361 <formalpara> |
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362 <title>WAS IST DGA?</title> |
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363 <para> |
20515 | 364 <acronym>DGA</acronym> ist die Abkürzung für |
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365 <emphasis>Direct Graphics Access</emphasis> (direkter Zugriff auf die |
20515 | 366 Grafikhardware) und gibt Programmen die Möglichkeit, unter Umgehung |
367 des X-Servers direkt den Framebuffer der Grafikkarte zu verändern. | |
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368 Technisch gesehen wird das dadurch realisiert, dass der |
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369 Framebuffer-Speicher in den virtuellen Adressraum des jeweiligen Prozesses |
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370 abgebildet wird. Das wird vom Kernel aber nur dann zugelassen, wenn der |
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371 Prozess Superuserprivilegien besitzt. Dazu musst du dich entweder als |
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372 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> anmelden oder das SUID-bit |
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373 des <application>MPlayer</application>-Binaries setzen (was |
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374 <emphasis role="bold">nicht empfohlen wird</emphasis>). |
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375 </para> |
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376 </formalpara> |
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377 <para> |
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378 Von DGA gibt es zwei Versionen: DGA1 kommt mit XFree 3.x.x, und DGA2 |
20515 | 379 wurde mit XFree 4.0.1 eingeführt. |
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380 </para> |
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381 |
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382 <para> |
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383 DGA1 bietet nur den oben beschriebenen Zugriff auf den Framebuffer. Die |
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384 Umschaltung des Videomodus klappt nur mit der XVidMode-Erweiterung. |
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385 </para> |
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386 |
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387 <para> |
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388 DGA2 beinhaltet die Features der XVidMode-Erweiterung und erlaubt |
20515 | 389 außerdem, die Farbtiefe zu ändern. Damit kannst du also auf 32bit |
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390 Farbtiefe umschalten, auch wenn der X-Server gerade mit 15bit Farbtiefe |
20515 | 391 läuft und umgekehrt. |
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392 </para> |
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393 |
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394 <para> |
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395 DGA hat aber auch ein paar Nachteile. Die Funktionsweise scheint ein wenig |
18649 | 396 von der Grafikkarte und der Implementierung des Grafikkartentreibers |
20515 | 397 im X-Server abhängig zu sein, der diesen Chip kontrolliert. |
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398 Es fuktioniert also nicht auf jedem System... |
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399 </para> |
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400 |
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401 <formalpara> |
20515 | 402 <title>DGA-UNTERSTÜTZUNG FÜR MPLAYER INSTALLIEREN</title> |
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403 |
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404 <para> |
20515 | 405 Stelle als erstes sicher, dass X die DGA-Erweiterung lädt. Schau |
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406 in <filename>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</filename> nach: |
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407 |
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408 <programlisting>(II) Loading extension XFree86-DGA</programlisting> |
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409 |
18649 | 410 Wie du siehst, ist XFree86 4.0.x oder neuer |
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411 <emphasis role="bold">sehr zu empfehlen</emphasis>! |
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412 <application>MPlayer</application>s DGA-Treiber wird von |
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413 <filename>./configure</filename> automatisch erkannt. Alternativ |
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414 kannst du seine Compilierung mit <option>--enable-dga</option> erzwingen. |
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415 </para> |
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416 </formalpara> |
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417 |
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418 <para> |
20515 | 419 Falls der Treiber nicht zu einer kleineren Auflösung wechseln |
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420 konnte, dann experimentiere mit den Optionen <option>-vm</option> (nur bei |
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421 X 3.3.x), <option>-fs</option>, <option>-bpp</option>, |
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422 <option>-zoom</option> herum, um einen Videomodus zu finden, |
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423 in den der Film reinpasst. Momentan gibt es keinen Konverter :( |
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424 </para> |
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425 |
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426 <para> |
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427 Werde <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>. |
18649 | 428 DGA braucht <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>-Privilegien, |
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429 um direkt in den Grafikspeicher zu schreiben. Wenn du MPlayer als |
20515 | 430 normaler Nutzer starten möchtest, dann installiere |
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431 <application>MPlayer</application> mit dem SUID-Bit: |
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432 |
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433 <screen> |
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434 chown root <replaceable>/usr/local/bin/mplayer</replaceable> |
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435 chmod 750 <replaceable>/usr/local/bin/mplayer</replaceable> |
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436 chmod +s <replaceable>/usr/local/bin/mplayer</replaceable> |
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437 </screen> |
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438 |
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439 Jetzt funktioniert es auch als normaler Benutzer. |
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440 </para> |
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441 |
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442 <caution> |
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443 <title>Warnung: Sicherheitsrisiko!</title> |
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444 <para> |
20515 | 445 Dieses ist ein <emphasis role="bold">großes</emphasis> Sicherheitsloch. |
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446 Tu das <emphasis role="bold">niemals</emphasis> auf einem Server oder |
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447 auf einem Computer, auf den auch andere Leute Zugriff haben, da sie durch einen |
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448 SUID-<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>-<application>MPlayer</application> |
20515 | 449 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>-Privilegien erlangen können. |
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450 </para> |
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451 </caution> |
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452 |
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453 <para> |
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454 Benutze jetzt die Option <option>-vo dga</option>, und ab geht's (hoffe ich |
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455 zumindest :))! Du solltest auch ausprobieren, ob bei dir die Option |
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456 <option>-vo sdl:dga</option> funktioniert. Sie ist viel schneller. |
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457 </para> |
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458 |
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459 |
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460 <formalpara id="dga-modelines"> |
20515 | 461 <title>ÄNDERN DER AUFLÖSUNG</title> |
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462 |
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463 <para> |
20515 | 464 Der DGA-Treiber ermöglicht es, die Auflösung des Output-Signals zu ändern. |
465 Damit entfällt die Notwendigkeit der (langsamen) Softwareskalierung und | |
466 bietet gleichzeitig ein Vollbild. Idealerweise würde DGA in die gleiche | |
467 Auflösung schalten, die das Video (natürlich unter Beachtung des | |
468 Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses) hat, aber der X-Server lässt nur | |
469 Auflösungen zu, die vorher in der <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> bzw. | |
470 <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</filename> definiert wurden, bezüglich XFree 4.X.X. | |
471 Diese werden durch sogenannte Modelines festgelegt und hängen von den Fähigkeiten | |
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472 deiner Grafikhardware ab. Der X-Server liest diese Konfigurationsdatei beim |
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473 Start ein und deaktiviert alle Modelines, die sich nicht mit deiner Hardware |
20515 | 474 vertragen. Du kannst die überlebenden Modelines anhand der X11-Logdatei |
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475 herausfinden (normalerweise <filename>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</filename>). |
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476 </para> |
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477 </formalpara> |
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478 |
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479 <para> |
20515 | 480 Diese Einträge funktionieren mit einem Riva128-Chip und dem |
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481 nv.o-X-Server-Treibermodul. |
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482 </para> |
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483 |
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484 |
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485 <para><programlisting> |
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486 Section "Modes" |
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487 Identifier "Modes[0]" |
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488 Modeline "800x600" 40 800 840 968 1056 600 601 605 628 |
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489 Modeline "712x600" 35.0 712 740 850 900 400 410 412 425 |
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490 Modeline "640x480" 25.175 640 664 760 800 480 491 493 525 |
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491 Modeline "400x300" 20 400 416 480 528 300 301 303 314 Doublescan |
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492 Modeline "352x288" 25.10 352 368 416 432 288 296 290 310 |
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493 Modeline "352x240" 15.750 352 368 416 432 240 244 246 262 Doublescan |
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494 Modeline "320x240" 12.588 320 336 384 400 240 245 246 262 Doublescan |
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495 EndSection |
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496 </programlisting></para> |
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497 |
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498 |
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499 <formalpara> |
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500 <title>DGA & MPLAYER</title> |
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501 <para> |
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502 DGA wird bei <application>MPlayer</application> an zwei Stellen benutzt: |
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503 beim SDL-Treiber mit (<option>-vo sdl:driver=dga</option>) oder beim |
19816 | 504 DGA-Treiber selbst (<option>-vo dga</option>). |
20515 | 505 Das oben gesagte gilt für beide Treiber. In den folgenden Abschnitten |
506 erkläre ich, wie der DGA-Treiber von <application>MPlayer</application> | |
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507 selber arbeitet. |
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508 </para> |
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509 </formalpara> |
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510 |
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511 |
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512 <formalpara> |
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513 <title>FEATURES DES DGA-TREIBERS</title> |
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514 |
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515 <para> |
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516 Der DGA-Treiber wird durch die Option <option>-vo dga</option> aktiviert. |
20515 | 517 Sein Standardverhalten sieht vor, dass er in die Auflösung schaltet, die |
518 der Videoauflösung am nächsten kommt. Der Treiber ignoriert absichtlich | |
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519 die Optionen <option>-vm</option> (Videomodusumschaltung aktivieren) und |
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520 <option>-fs</option> (Vollbildmodus erzwingen) - er versucht immer, so viel |
20515 | 521 Bildfläche wie möglich durch eine Änderung der Auflösung zu bedecken. |
522 Dadurch wird nicht ein einziger weiterer CPU-Takt für die Skalierung des | |
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523 Bildes verwendet. Wenn du mit dem Modus nicht zufrieden bist, den der Treiber |
20515 | 524 gewählt hat, dann kannst du ihn zwingen, denjenigen Modus zu |
525 wählen, der am besten zu dem mit den Optionen <option>-x</option> und | |
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526 <option>-y</option> angegebenen Werten passt. Die Option <option>-v</option> |
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527 veranlasst den DGA-Treiber, neben einigen anderen Dingen auch alle von deiner |
20515 | 528 <filename>XF86Config</filename>-Datei unterstützen Videomodi aufzulisten. |
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529 Wenn DGA2 verwendet wird, dann kannst du mit der Option <option>-bpp</option> die |
20515 | 530 Verwendung einer bestimmten Farbtiefe erzwingen. Gültige Werte sind 15, |
531 16, 24 und 32. Es hängt dann von deiner Hardware ab, ob der Modus nativ | |
532 unterstützt wird oder ob eine (möglicherweise langsame) | |
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533 Konvertierung stattfindet. |
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534 </para> |
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535 </formalpara> |
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536 <para> |
20515 | 537 Wenn du Glück hast und dir genug unbenutzter Grafikspeicher zur |
538 Verfügung steht, um ein komplettes Bild aufzunehmen, dann wird der | |
539 DGA-Treiber Doppelpufferung verwenden, was zu einer regelmäßigeren | |
540 Wiedergabe führt. Der DGA-Treiber wird dir mitteilen, ob Doppelpufferung | |
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541 angeschaltet ist oder nicht. |
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542 </para> |
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543 |
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544 <para> |
20515 | 545 Doppelpufferung bedeutet, dass das nächste Bild deines Videos bereits |
546 an einer anderen Stelle im Grafikspeicher aufgebaut wird, während das | |
547 aktuelle Bild angezeigt wird. Ist das nächste Bild fertig, so wird | |
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548 dem Grafikchip nur noch mitgeteilt, wo er das neue Bild im Speicher finden |
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549 kann. Somit holt sich der Chip seine Daten einfach von dort. In der |
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550 Zwischenzeit wird der andere, jetzt unbenutze Puffer wieder mit neuen |
20515 | 551 Videodaten gefüllt. |
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552 </para> |
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553 |
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554 <para> |
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555 Doppelpufferung kann mit der Option <option>-double</option> aktiviert und mit |
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556 <option>-nodouble</option> deaktiviert werden. Momentan ist die Doppelpufferung |
19816 | 557 per Voreinstellung deaktiviert. Wird der DGA-Treiber verwendet, |
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558 dann funktioniert das Onscreen-Display (ODS) nur dann, wenn auch die |
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559 Doppelpufferung aktiviert ist. Andererseits kann die Doppelpufferung auch |
20515 | 560 einen großen Geschwindigkeitseinbruch hervorrufen, was stark von |
561 der DGA-Implementierung der Treiber für deine Hardware abhängt (auf | |
562 meinem K6-II+ 525 benötigt Doppelpufferung weitere 20% CPU-Zeit!). | |
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563 </para> |
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564 |
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565 |
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566 <formalpara> |
20515 | 567 <title>PUNKTE BEZÜGLICH DER GESCHWINDIGKEIT</title> |
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568 |
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569 <para> |
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570 Generell gesehen sollte der Zugriff auf den DGA-Framebuffer genauso |
20515 | 571 schnell sein wie der X11-Treiber, wobei man zusätzlich noch ein Vollbild |
572 erhält. Die prozentualen Geschwindigkeitswerte, die <application>MPlayer</application> | |
573 ausgibt, müssen mit Vorsicht genossen werden, da sie z.B. beim X11-Treiber | |
574 nicht die Zeit beinhalten, die der X-Server tatsächlich zum | |
575 Anzeigen des Bildes benötigt. Klemm ein Terminal an deinen seriellen | |
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576 Port und starte <command>top</command>, wenn du wissen willst, wie's wirklich mit |
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577 der Geschwindigkeit aussieht. |
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578 </para> |
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579 </formalpara> |
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580 |
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581 <para> |
20515 | 582 Allgemein betrachtet hängt die Geschwindigkeitsverbesserung von DGA |
583 gegenüber dem 'normalen' X11-Treiber sehr von deiner Grafikkarte und | |
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584 davon ab, wie gut das X-Servermodul optimiert ist. |
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585 </para> |
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586 |
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587 <para> |
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588 Wenn du ein langsames System hast, dann benutz besser eine Farbtiefe von |
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589 15 oder 16bit, da sie nur die halbe Bandbreite des 32bit-Farbmodus |
20515 | 590 benötigen. |
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591 </para> |
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592 |
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593 <para> |
19816 | 594 Einge gute Idee ist auch die Verwendung von 24bit Farbtiefe, selbst dann, |
20515 | 595 wenn deine Grafikkarte nativ nur 32bit unterstützt, da bei 24bit 25% |
596 weniger Daten im Vergleich zum 32/32-Modus über den Bus transferiert | |
597 werden müssen. | |
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598 </para> |
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599 |
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600 <para> |
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601 Ich habe schon gesehen, wie einige AVI-Dateien auf einem Pentium MMX 266 |
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602 wiedergegeben werden konnten. AMD K6-2-CPUs werden ab ca. 400 MHz oder |
20515 | 603 höher funktionieren. |
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604 </para> |
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605 |
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606 |
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607 <formalpara> |
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608 <title>BEKANNTE FEHLER</title> |
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609 |
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610 <para> |
20515 | 611 Die Entwickler von XFree sagen selbst, dass DGA ein ganz schönes |
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612 Monstrum ist. Sie raten eher davon ab, es zu benutzen, da seine |
20515 | 613 Implementierung in einige Chipset-Treiber für XFree nicht immer |
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614 ganz fehlerfrei war. |
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615 </para> |
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616 </formalpara> |
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617 |
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618 <itemizedlist> |
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619 <listitem><para> |
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620 Bei der Kombination aus XFree 4.0.3 und dem |
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621 <filename>nv.o</filename>-Treiber gibt es einen Fehler, der zu |
20515 | 622 merkwürdigen Farben führt. |
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623 </para></listitem> |
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624 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 625 Die ATI-Treiber müssen den Videomodus mehrmals zurückstellen, |
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626 nachdem der DGA-Modus verlassen wurde. |
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627 </para></listitem> |
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628 <listitem><para> |
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629 Einige Treiber schaffen es manchmal einfach nicht, in die vorherige |
20515 | 630 Auflösung zurückzuschalten. Benutze in solch einem Fall |
24611 | 631 <keycombo><keycap>Strg</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Keypad +</keycap></keycombo> und |
632 <keycombo><keycap>Strg</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Keypad -</keycap></keycombo>, | |
20515 | 633 um manuell die Auflösung zu ändern. |
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634 </para></listitem> |
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635 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 636 Einige Treiber zeigen einfach nur merkwürdige Farben an. |
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637 </para></listitem> |
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638 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 639 Manche Treiber lügen, was die von ihnen in den Prozessorspeicher |
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640 eingeblendete Menge Grafikspeicher anbelangt, weswegen vo_dga |
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641 nicht die Doppelpufferung verwendet (SIS?). |
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642 </para></listitem> |
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643 <listitem><para> |
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644 Einige Treiber schaffen es nicht einmal, auch nur einen einzigen |
20515 | 645 gültigen Grafikmodus bereitzustellen. In solchen Fällen |
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646 gibt der DGA-Treiber schwachsinnige Modi wie z.B. 100000x100000 oder |
20515 | 647 so ähnlich aus. |
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648 </para></listitem> |
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649 <listitem><para> |
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650 Das OSD funktioniert nur, wenn auch die Doppelpufferung aktiviert |
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651 ist (sonst flimmert es). |
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652 </para></listitem> |
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653 </itemizedlist> |
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654 |
24622 | 655 </sect1> |
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656 <!--</sect1>--> |
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657 |
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658 <!-- ********** --> |
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659 |
24622 | 660 <sect1 id="sdl"> |
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661 <title>SDL</title> |
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662 |
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663 <para> |
20515 | 664 <acronym>SDL</acronym> (Simple Directmedia Layer, einfacher Layer für |
665 den direkten Zugriff auf Mediengeräte) bietet grundsätzlich eine einheitliche | |
666 Schnittstelle zu Audio- und Videogeräten. Programme, die SDL | |
667 benutzen, kennen nur SDL und brauchen nichts darüber zu wissen, welche | |
668 Video- oder Audiotreiber SDL tatsächlich benutzt. So kann z.B. eine | |
18649 | 669 Doom-Portierung mit SDL die Svgalib, aalib, X11, fbdev und andere Treiber |
19816 | 670 nutzen. Dazu musst du z.B. nur den Videotreiber angeben, indem du die |
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671 Umgebungsvariable <envar>SDL_VIDEODRIVER</envar> setzt. |
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672 So lautet zumindest die Theorie. |
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673 </para> |
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674 |
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675 <para> |
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676 Bei <application>MPlayer</application> benutzten wir damals die |
18649 | 677 Softwareskalierungsroutinen der X11-Treiber von SDL bei Grafikkarten/-treibern, |
20515 | 678 die keine Unterstützung für XVideo hatten, bis wir unsere eigenen schrieben, |
679 die schneller und hübscher waren. Wir benutzten damals außerdem SDLs | |
18649 | 680 aalib-Ausgabe. Jetzt haben wir unsere eigenen, was wesentlich komfortabler |
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681 ist. Auch davon haben wir selber eine komfortablere Version geschrieben. |
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682 SDLs DGA-Code war besser als unserer - zumindest bis vor kurzem. |
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683 Verstehst du, worauf ich hinauswill? :) |
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684 </para> |
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685 |
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686 <para> |
20515 | 687 SDL ist auch bei einigen fehlerbehafteten Treibern/Karten nützlich, |
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688 wenn das Video ruckelig abgespielt wird (und es nicht an einem langsamen |
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689 System liegt), oder wenn der Ton hinterherhinkt. |
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690 </para> |
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691 |
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692 <para> |
20515 | 693 Die SDL-Videoausgabe unterstützt die Anzeige von Untertiteln unterhalb |
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694 des Films auf den schwarzen Balken (sofern diese vorhanden sind). |
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695 </para> |
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696 |
24622 | 697 </sect1> |
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698 |
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699 |
24622 | 700 <sect1 id="svgalib"> |
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701 <title>SVGAlib</title> |
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702 |
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703 <formalpara> |
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704 <title>INSTALLATION</title> |
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705 <para> |
20515 | 706 Du musst zuerst die svgalib und die dazugehörigen Entwicklerpakete |
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707 installieren, bevor du <application>MPlayer</application> compilierst, |
19816 | 708 da er sonst die Svgalib nicht automatisch findet und den Treiber dazu |
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709 nicht compiliert (das kann aber trotzdem erzwungen werden). Vergiss auch |
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710 nicht, in <filename>/etc/vga/libvga.config</filename> richtige Werte |
20515 | 711 für deine Grafikkarte und deinen Monitor anzugeben. |
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712 </para> |
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713 </formalpara> |
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714 |
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715 <note> |
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716 <para> |
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717 Verwende nicht die Option <option>-fs</option>, da sie die Benutzung des |
18649 | 718 Softwareskalierers erzwingt und das ganze dann langsam wird. Wenn du diese |
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719 Option wirklich brauchst, dann verwende auch <option>-sws 4</option>, |
20515 | 720 welche zwar schlechte Qualität produziert, dafür aber auch ein wenig |
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721 schneller ist. |
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722 </para> |
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723 </note> |
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724 |
20515 | 725 <formalpara><title>EGA(4bpp)-UNTERSTÜTZUNG</title> |
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726 <para> |
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727 SVGAlib beinhaltet die EGAlib, und MPlayer kann damit jeden Film in |
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728 16 Farben bei folgenden Modi anzeigen: |
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729 </para> |
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730 </formalpara> |
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731 |
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732 <itemizedlist> |
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733 <listitem><para> |
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734 EGA-Karte mit EGA-Monitor: 320x200x4bpp, 640x200x4bpp, 640x350x4bpp |
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735 </para></listitem> |
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736 <listitem><para> |
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737 EGA-Karte mit CGA-Monitor: 320x200x4bpp, 640x200x4bpp |
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738 </para></listitem> |
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739 </itemizedlist> |
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740 |
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741 <para> |
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742 Der bpp-Wert (Bits pro Pixel) muss von Hand auf vier gesetzt werden: |
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743 <option>-bpp 4</option> |
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744 </para> |
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745 |
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746 <para> |
20515 | 747 Die Auflösung des Films muss wahrscheinlich verkleinert werden, damit |
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748 er in den EGA-Modus reinpasst: |
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749 <screen>-vf scale=640:350</screen> |
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750 oder |
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751 <screen>-vf scale=320:200</screen> |
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752 </para> |
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753 |
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754 <para> |
20515 | 755 Dafür brauchen wir eine schnelle, aber schlechte Qualität |
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756 produzierende Skalierroutine: |
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757 <screen>-sws 4</screen> |
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758 </para> |
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759 |
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760 <para> |
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761 Eventuell muss die automatische Anpassung des |
20515 | 762 Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses ausgeschaltet werden: |
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763 <screen>-noaspect</screen> |
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764 </para> |
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765 |
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766 <note><para> |
20515 | 767 Die besten Ergebnisse bei EGA-Bildschirmen erhält man meiner Erfahrung nach, |
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768 wenn man die Helligkeit ein wenig verringert: |
19816 | 769 <option>-vf eq=-20:0</option>. Ich musste auch die Audiosamplerate reduzieren, |
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770 weil bei 44KHz der Sound nicht richtig funktionierte: |
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|
771 <option>-srate 22050</option>. |
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|
772 </para></note> |
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|
773 |
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774 <para> |
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775 Du kannst das OSD und Untertitel mit dem <option>expand</option>-Filter |
20515 | 776 aktivieren. Die Manpage enthält die exakten Parameter. |
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777 </para> |
24622 | 778 </sect1> |
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779 |
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780 |
24622 | 781 <sect1 id="fbdev"> |
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782 <title>Framebuffer-Ausgabe (FBdev)</title> |
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783 |
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784 <para> |
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785 <filename>./configure</filename> erkennt automatisch, ob es den Framebuffertreiber |
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786 (fbdev) compilieren soll oder nicht. Lies die Framebufferdokumentation in den |
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787 Kernelquellen (<filename>Documentation/fb/*</filename>); dort stehen mehr |
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788 Informationen. |
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789 </para> |
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790 |
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791 <para> |
20515 | 792 Falls deine Karte den VBE 2.0-Standard nicht unterstützt (wie z.B. |
793 ältere ISA-/PCI-Karten wie die S3 Trio64) oder nur VBE 1.2 und | |
794 älter unterstützt: Tja, dann kannst du immer noch VESAfb benutzen, | |
795 benötigst aber den SciTech Display Doctor (ehemals UniVBE), der vor dem | |
19816 | 796 Booten von Linux geladen werden muss. Nimm dazu eine DOS-Bootdiskette oder |
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797 was auch immer. Vergiss nicht, deine Kopie von UniVBE zu registrieren ;). |
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798 </para> |
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799 |
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800 <para> |
20515 | 801 Die Fbdev-Ausgabe kennt neben den üblichen Parametern noch einige andere: |
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802 </para> |
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803 |
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804 <variablelist> |
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805 <varlistentry> |
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806 <term><option>-fb</option></term> |
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807 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 808 Gibt das zu verwendende Framebuffergerät an (Standard: <filename>/dev/fb0</filename>) |
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809 </para></listitem> |
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810 </varlistentry> |
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811 <varlistentry> |
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812 <term><option>-fbmode</option></term> |
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813 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 814 Gibt zu benutzenden Modusnamen an (wie sie in <filename>/etc/fb.modes</filename> stehen) |
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815 </para></listitem> |
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816 </varlistentry> |
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817 <varlistentry> |
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818 <term><option>-fbmodeconfig</option></term> |
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819 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 820 Konfigurationsdatei für die Modi (Standard: <filename>/etc/fb.modes</filename>) |
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821 </para></listitem> |
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|
822 </varlistentry> |
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|
823 <varlistentry> |
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|
824 <term><option>-monitor-hfreq</option></term> |
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|
825 <term><option>-monitor-vfreq</option></term> |
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|
826 <term><option>-monitor-dotclock</option></term> |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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diff
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|
827 <listitem><para> |
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|
828 <emphasis role="bold">Wichtige</emphasis> Werte, schau dir die |
18649 | 829 <filename>example.conf</filename> an. |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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diff
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|
830 </para></listitem> |
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|
831 </varlistentry> |
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|
832 </variablelist> |
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|
833 |
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834 <para> |
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835 Wenn du in einen speziellen Modus wechseln willst, dann benutze |
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|
836 <screen> |
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837 mplayer -vm -fbmode <replaceable>Modusname</replaceable> <replaceable>Dateiname</replaceable> |
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|
838 </screen> |
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|
839 </para> |
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|
840 |
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|
841 <itemizedlist> |
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|
842 <listitem><para> |
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|
843 <option>-vm</option> ohne weitere Optionen wird den am besten passenden Modus |
20515 | 844 aus <filename>/etc/fb.modes</filename> auswählen. Kann auch zusammen mit |
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845 <option>-x</option> und <option>-y</option> benutzt werden. Die Option |
20515 | 846 <option>-flip</option> wird nur dann unterstützt, wenn das Pixelformat des |
847 Films mit dem Pixelformat des Videomodus übereinstimmt. Pass auf den | |
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|
848 bpp-Wert auf. fbdev wird den aktuell eingestellten benutzen, wenn du |
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|
849 nicht mit <option>-bpp</option> einen bestimmten angibst. |
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|
850 </para></listitem> |
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|
851 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 852 Die Option <option>-zoom</option> wird nicht unterstützt (Softwareskalierung |
18568
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|
853 ist langsam, verwende <option>-vf scale</option>). Du kannst keine Modi mit |
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|
854 8bpp oder weniger benutzen. |
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|
855 </para></listitem> |
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|
856 <listitem><para> |
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|
857 Wahrscheinlich wirst du den Cursor (<screen>echo -e '\033[?25l'</screen> |
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|
858 oder <screen>setterm -cursor off</screen>) und den Bildschirmschoner |
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|
859 (<option>setterm -blank 0</option>) deaktivieren wollen. Um den Cursor wieder |
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|
860 zu aktivieren: <screen>echo -e '\033[?25h'</screen> oder |
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|
861 <screen>setterm -cursor on</screen>. |
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diff
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|
862 </para></listitem> |
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|
863 </itemizedlist> |
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|
864 |
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|
865 <note> |
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|
866 <para> |
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|
867 fbdev kann den Videomodus in Verbindung mit dem VESA-Framebuffer |
20515 | 868 <emphasis>nicht</emphasis> ändern. Frag auch nicht danach - das ist |
869 keine Einschränkung seitens <application>MPlayer</application>. | |
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|
870 </para> |
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|
871 </note> |
24622 | 872 </sect1> |
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|
873 |
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|
874 |
24622 | 875 <sect1 id="mga_vid"> |
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|
876 <title>Matrox-Framebuffer (mga_vid)</title> |
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|
877 |
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|
878 <para> |
24619
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24618
diff
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|
879 <systemitem>mga_vid</systemitem> ist eine Kombination aus einem Videoausgabetreiber |
a2978c2e6790
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|
880 und Linux-Kernelmodul, das die Matrox G200/G400/G450/G550 Scaler-/Overlay-Einheit |
a2978c2e6790
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|
881 verwendet, um YUV->RGB-Farbraumkonvertierungen und beliebige Videoskalierungen durchzuführen. |
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|
882 <systemitem>mga_vid</systemitem> bietet Unterstützung für Hardware-VSYNC und Dreifachpufferung. |
24616 | 883 Dieser Treiber funktioniert sowohl unter der Framebufferconsole als auch unter X, |
884 jedoch nur mit Linux 2.4.x. | |
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|
885 </para> |
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|
886 |
24619
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diff
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|
887 <para> |
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diff
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|
888 Für eine Version für Linux 2.6.x gehe auf <ulink url="http://attila.kinali.ch/mga/"/>. |
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|
889 </para> |
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diff
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|
890 |
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diff
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|
891 <procedure> |
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|
892 <title>Installation:</title> |
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|
893 <step><para> |
20515 | 894 Um den Treiber benutzen zu können, musst du erstmal <filename>mga_vid.o</filename> |
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|
895 compilieren: |
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|
896 <screen> |
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|
897 cd drivers |
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diff
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|
898 make<!-- |
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diff
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|
899 --></screen> |
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|
900 </para></step> |
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|
901 <step><para> |
24619
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diff
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|
902 Führe dann (als <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>) folgenden Befehl aus: |
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24618
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|
903 <screen>make install</screen> |
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24618
diff
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|
904 Dies sollte das Modul installieren und das Device-Node für dich erstellen. |
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|
905 Lade den Treiber mit |
18568
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diff
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|
906 <screen>insmod mga_vid.o</screen> |
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|
907 </para></step> |
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|
908 <step><para> |
20515 | 909 Du solltest sicherstellen, dass das Modul die Größe des |
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diff
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|
910 Grafikkartenspeichers korrekt ermittelt hat. Benutze dazu |
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|
911 <command>dmesg</command>. Wenn die Angabe nicht stimmt, dann gib nach |
18649 | 912 <command>rmmod mga_vid</command> mit Hilfe der Option |
20515 | 913 <option>mga_ram_size</option> die Größe explizit an: |
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|
914 <screen>insmod mga_vid.o mga_ram_size=16</screen> |
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diff
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|
915 </para></step> |
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|
916 <step><para> |
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|
917 Wenn das Modul automatisch geladen und entladen werden soll, sobald |
20515 | 918 es benötigt wird, so füge die folgende Zeile in der Datei |
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diff
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|
919 <filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> ein: |
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|
920 |
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|
921 <programlisting>alias char-major-178 mga_vid</programlisting> |
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diff
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|
922 </para></step> |
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|
923 <step><para> |
20515 | 924 Schließlich musst du noch <application>MPlayer</application> (erneut) compilieren. |
24619
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|
925 <command>configure</command> wird automatisch <filename>/dev/mga_vid</filename> |
20515 | 926 finden und den 'mga'-Treiber erstellen. Die entsprechende Option für |
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diff
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|
927 <application>MPlayer</application> lautet <option>-vo mga</option>, wenn du mit |
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diff
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|
928 dem matroxfb auf der Console arbeitest, oder <option>-vo xmga</option>, wenn du |
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diff
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|
929 unter XFree 3.x.x oder XFree 4.x.x arbeitest. |
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diff
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|
930 </para></step> |
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|
931 </procedure> |
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|
932 |
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|
933 <para> |
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|
934 Der mga_vid-Treiber kooperiert mit Xv. |
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|
935 </para> |
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|
936 |
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|
937 <para> |
20515 | 938 Das Gerät <filename>/dev/mga_vid</filename> kann z.B. mit |
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|
939 <screen>cat /dev/mga_vid</screen> |
20515 | 940 ausgelesen werden, um ein paar Informationen über |
941 den aktuellen Zustand zu erhalten. Die Helligkeit kann zusätzlich mit z.B. | |
24610
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r21612: replace " with ", better readability
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24608
diff
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|
942 <screen>echo "brightness=120" > /dev/mga_vid</screen> |
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|
943 angepasst werden. |
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|
944 </para> |
24619
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|
945 |
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|
946 <para> |
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|
947 Es gibt ein Testprogramm namens <command>mga_vid_test</command> im selben Verzeichnis. |
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|
948 Es sollte 256x256 große Bilder auf den Schirm zeichnen, wenn alles gut funktioniert. |
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|
949 </para> |
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|
950 |
24622 | 951 </sect1> |
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|
952 |
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|
953 |
24622 | 954 <sect1 id="tdfxfb" xreflabel="3Dfx YUV support (tdfxfb)"> |
20515 | 955 <title>3dfx-YUV-Unterstützung (tdfxfb)</title> |
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|
956 <para> |
19816 | 957 Dieser Treiber verwendet den tdfx-Framebuffertreiber des Kernels, um Filme |
20515 | 958 mit YUV-Beschleunigung abzuspielen. Deswegen benötigst du einen Kernel |
959 mit tdfxfb-Unterstütztung. Danach musst du MPlayer compilieren mit | |
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|
960 <screen>./configure --enable-tdfxfb</screen> |
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|
961 </para> |
24622 | 962 </sect1> |
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|
963 |
24622 | 964 <sect1 id="tdfx_vid"> |
24615 | 965 <title>tdfx_vid</title> |
966 | |
967 <para> | |
968 Dies ist eine Kombination aus Linux-Kernelmodul und einem Videoausgabetreiber, | |
969 ähnlich <link linkend="mga_vid">mga_vid</link>. | |
970 Du wirst einen 2.4.x-Kernel mit dem <systemitem>agpgart</systemitem>-Treiber | |
971 brauchen, denn <systemitem>tdfx_vid</systemitem> verwendet AGP. | |
972 Übergib <option>--enable-tdfxfb</option> an <command>configure</command>, um | |
973 den Videoausgabetreiber zu erstellen, und erzeuge das Kernelmodul nach folgenden | |
974 Anweisungen. | |
975 </para> | |
976 | |
977 <procedure> | |
978 <title>Das tdfx_vid.o-Kernelmodul installieren:</title> | |
979 <step> | |
980 <para> | |
981 Compiliere <filename>tdfx_vid.o</filename>: | |
982 <screen> | |
983 cd drivers | |
24619
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|
984 make</screen> |
24615 | 985 </para> |
986 </step> | |
987 <step> | |
988 <para> | |
24619
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989 Führe dann (als <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>) folgenden Befehl aus: |
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990 <screen>make install</screen> |
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991 Dies sollte das Modul installieren und das Device-Node für dich erstellen. |
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|
992 Lade den Treiber mit <screen>insmod tdfx_vid.o</screen> |
24615 | 993 </para> |
994 </step> | |
995 <step> | |
996 <para> | |
997 Um es automatisch nach Bedarf zu laden bzw. zu entfernen, füge folgende Zeile | |
998 am Ende von <filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> hinzu: | |
999 | |
1000 <programlisting>alias char-major-178 tdfx_vid</programlisting> | |
1001 </para> | |
1002 </step> | |
1003 </procedure> | |
1004 | |
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1005 <para> |
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|
1006 Es gibt ein Testprogramm namens <command>tdfx_vid_test</command> im selben Verzeichnis. |
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1007 Es sollte nützliche Informationen ausgeben, wenn alles gut funktioniert. |
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|
1008 </para> |
24622 | 1009 </sect1> |
24615 | 1010 |
1011 <!-- ********** --> | |
1012 | |
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1013 |
24622 | 1014 <sect1 id="opengl"> |
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1015 <title>OpenGL-Ausgabe</title> |
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1016 |
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1017 <para> |
20515 | 1018 <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt die Ausgabe von Filmen via |
1019 OpenGL. Wenn aber deine Plattform/dein Treiber Xv unterstützt (was bei PCs | |
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1020 mit Linux praktisch immer der Fall ist), dann benutze besser Xv, da die |
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1021 OpenGL-Geschwindigkeit deutlich geringer als die von Xv ist. Wenn du dagegen |
20515 | 1022 eine X11-Implementierung hast, die Xv nicht unterstützt, so mag OpenGL eine |
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|
1023 brauchbare Alternative sein. |
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|
1024 </para> |
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1025 |
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1026 <para> |
20515 | 1027 Leider unterstützen nicht alle Treiber die erforderlichen Features. |
1028 Die Utah-GLX-Treiber (für XFree86 3.3.6) unterstützen sie für | |
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1029 alle Karten. Auf <ulink url="http://utah-glx.sf.net"/> |
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|
1030 findest du Details zur Installation. |
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|
1031 </para> |
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1032 |
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1033 <para> |
20515 | 1034 XFree86(DRI) 4.0.3 oder neuer unterstützt OpenGL mit Matrox- und |
1035 Radeon-Karten, 4.2.0 und neuer unterstützen zusätzlich Rage128. | |
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1036 Auf <ulink url="http://dri.sf.net"/> findest du Details zur Installation. |
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1037 </para> |
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|
1038 |
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1039 <para> |
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1040 Ein Hinweis von einem unserer User: der GL-Video-Output kann dazu verwendet |
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1041 werden, einen vertikal synchronisierten TV-Output zu bekommen. |
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1042 Du musst dann eine Umgebungsvariable setzen (zumindest bei nVidia): |
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1043 </para> |
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1044 |
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1045 <para> |
20861 | 1046 <command>export __GL_SYNC_TO_VBLANK=1</command> |
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1047 </para> |
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1048 |
24622 | 1049 </sect1> |
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|
1050 |
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1051 |
24622 | 1052 <sect1 id="aalib"> |
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1053 <title>AAlib - Ausgabe im Textmodus</title> |
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1054 |
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|
1055 <para> |
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1056 AAlib ist eine Bilbiothek, mit der Grafiken im Textmodus angezeigt |
20515 | 1057 werden, wobei ein mächtiger Textmodusrenderer angewandt wird. Es gibt SEHR |
1058 viele Programme, die das bereits unterstützen, wie z.B. Doom, Quake etc. | |
1059 <application>MPlayer</application> enthält einen sehr gut brauchbaren | |
1060 Treiber für AAlib. Wenn <filename>./configure</filename> feststellt, | |
1061 dass die AAlib installiert ist, dann wird anschließend der AAlib-Treiber | |
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|
1062 gebaut. |
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|
1063 </para> |
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|
1064 |
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|
1065 <para> |
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1066 Du kannst diese Tasten im AA-Fenster benutzen, um die Render-Optionen |
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|
1067 zu beeinflussen: |
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|
1068 </para> |
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|
1069 |
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|
1070 <informaltable> |
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|
1071 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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|
1072 <thead> |
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|
1073 <row><entry>Taste</entry><entry>Aktion</entry></row> |
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1074 </thead> |
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|
1075 <tbody> |
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1076 <row><entry><keycap>1</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1077 Kontrast verringern |
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|
1078 </entry></row> |
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|
1079 <row><entry><keycap>2</keycap></entry><entry> |
20515 | 1080 Kontrast erhöhen |
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1081 </entry></row> |
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1082 <row><entry><keycap>3</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1083 Helligkeit verringern |
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|
1084 </entry></row> |
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1085 <row><entry><keycap>4</keycap></entry><entry> |
20515 | 1086 Helligkeit erhöhen |
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1087 </entry></row> |
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1088 <row><entry><keycap>5</keycap></entry><entry> |
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1089 Schnelles Rendern an-/ausschalten |
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|
1090 </entry></row> |
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1091 <row><entry><keycap>6</keycap></entry><entry> |
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1092 Wahl des Farbverteilungsmodus (keiner, Fehlerverteilung, Floyd Steinberg) |
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|
1093 </entry></row> |
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1094 <row><entry><keycap>7</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1095 Bild invertieren |
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|
1096 </entry></row> |
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1097 <row><entry><keycap>8</keycap></entry><entry> |
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1098 schaltet zwischen den <application>MPlayer</application>- und den AA-Tastenbelegungen um |
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diff
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|
1099 </entry></row> |
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1100 </tbody> |
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|
1101 </tgroup> |
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|
1102 </informaltable> |
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|
1103 |
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|
1104 <variablelist> |
20515 | 1105 <title>Die folgenden Kommandozeilenparamter stehen zur Verfügungung:</title> |
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|
1106 <varlistentry> |
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|
1107 <term><option>-aaosdcolor=<replaceable>V</replaceable></option></term> |
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1108 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1109 OSD-Farbe ändern |
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|
1110 </para></listitem> |
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|
1111 </varlistentry> |
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|
1112 <varlistentry> |
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1113 <term><option>-aasubcolor=<replaceable>V</replaceable></option></term> |
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1114 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1115 Farbe der Untertitel ändern, |
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|
1116 </para><para> |
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1117 <replaceable>V</replaceable> kann folgende Werte annehmen: |
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|
1118 <literal>0</literal> (normal), |
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|
1119 <literal>1</literal> (dunkel), |
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|
1120 <literal>2</literal> (fett), |
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|
1121 <literal>3</literal> (fette Schrift), |
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diff
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|
1122 <literal>4</literal> (negative Farben), |
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|
1123 <literal>5</literal> (spezial). |
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|
1124 </para></listitem> |
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|
1125 </varlistentry> |
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|
1126 </variablelist> |
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|
1127 |
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|
1128 <variablelist> |
20515 | 1129 <title>Die AAlib selbst bietet ebenfalls eine große Anzahl von Optionen. |
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|
1130 Hier sind die wichtigsten:</title> |
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|
1131 <varlistentry> |
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|
1132 <term><option>-aadriver</option></term> |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
parents:
20923
diff
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|
1133 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1134 Wählt den empfohlenen aa-Treiber (X11, curses, Linux). |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
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20923
diff
changeset
|
1135 </para></listitem> |
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|
1136 </varlistentry> |
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|
1137 <varlistentry> |
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|
1138 <term><option>-aaextended</option></term> |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
parents:
20923
diff
changeset
|
1139 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 1140 Benutze alle 256 Zeichen. |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
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20923
diff
changeset
|
1141 </para></listitem> |
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|
1142 </varlistentry> |
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|
1143 <varlistentry> |
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|
1144 <term><option>-aaeight</option></term> |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
parents:
20923
diff
changeset
|
1145 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 1146 Benutze 8 Bit ASCII-Zeichen. |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
parents:
20923
diff
changeset
|
1147 </para></listitem> |
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|
1148 </varlistentry> |
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|
1149 <varlistentry> |
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changeset
|
1150 <term><option>-aahelp</option></term> |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
parents:
20923
diff
changeset
|
1151 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 1152 Gib alle aalib-Optionen aus. |
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1153 </para></listitem> |
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1154 </varlistentry> |
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1155 </variablelist> |
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|
1156 |
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|
1157 <note> |
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1158 <para> |
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1159 Das Rendern ist sehr CPU-intensiv, vor allem, wenn AA unter X |
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1160 benutzt wird. AAlib braucht auf einer Nicht-Framebuffer-Console am |
20515 | 1161 wenigstens CPU-Zeit. Benutze SVGATextMode, um einen möglichst |
1162 großen Textmodus zu wählen, und genieß den Film! (Hercules-Karten | |
1163 als zweites Ausgabegerät rocken :)) (Aber IMHO kannst du die Option | |
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1164 <option>-vf 1bpp</option> anwenden, um Grafiken auf hgafb zu bekommen :) |
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1165 </para> |
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1166 </note> |
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1167 |
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1168 <para> |
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1169 Wenn dein Computer nicht schnell genug ist, um alle Frames anzuzeigen, |
19816 | 1170 dann benutze die Option <option>-framedrop</option>. |
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1171 </para> |
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1172 |
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1173 <para> |
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1174 Wenn du auf einem Terminal abspielst, dann erzielst du mit dem Linux- |
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1175 Treiber (<option>-aadriver linux</option>) bessere Ergebnisse als mit dem curses- |
20515 | 1176 Treiber. Allerdings benötigst du dafür auch Schreibrechte auf |
18649 | 1177 <filename>/dev/vcsa<replaceable><Terminal></replaceable></filename>. |
19816 | 1178 Das wird von aalib nicht automatisch festgestellt, aber vo_aa versucht, den |
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1179 besten Modus herauszufinden. Lies |
20515 | 1180 <ulink url="http://aa-project.sf.net/tune"/> für weitere Tuningtipps. |
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1181 </para> |
24622 | 1182 </sect1> |
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1183 |
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1184 |
24622 | 1185 <sect1 id="caca"> |
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1186 <title><systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> - Color ASCII Art-Bibliothek</title> |
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1187 |
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1188 <para> |
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|
1189 Die Bibliothek |
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1190 <ulink url="http://sam.zoy.org/projects/libcaca/"><systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem></ulink> |
20515 | 1191 ist eine Grafik-Bibliothek, die Text anstatt Pixel ausgibt, sodass sie auf älteren |
1192 Grafikkarten oder Text-Terminals läuft. Sie ist der bekannten Bibliothek | |
1193 <systemitem class="library">AAlib</systemitem> nicht unähnlich. | |
1194 <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> benötigt ein Terminal, um zu | |
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1195 funktionieren, deshalb sollte sie auf allen Unix-Systemen (inklusive Mac OS X) funktionieren, |
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1196 wenn man entweder die <systemitem class="library">slang</systemitem>-Bibliothek oder die |
18649 | 1197 <systemitem class="library">ncurses</systemitem>-Bibliothek, unter DOS die |
1198 <systemitem class="library">conio.h</systemitem>-Bibliothek und auf Windows-Systemen | |
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1199 entweder <systemitem class="library">slang</systemitem> oder |
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1200 <systemitem class="library">ncurses</systemitem> (durch Cygwin-Emulation) oder |
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1201 <systemitem class="library">conio.h</systemitem> verwendet. Wenn |
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1202 <filename>./configure</filename> <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> |
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1203 entdeckt, wird der caca-Treiber gebaut. |
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1204 </para> |
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1205 |
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1206 <itemizedlist> |
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1207 <title>Die Unterschiede zu <systemitem class="library">AAlib</systemitem> sind |
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1208 folgende:</title> |
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1209 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1210 16 verfügbare Farben für die Zeichenausgabe (256 Farbpaare) |
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1211 </para></listitem> |
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1212 <listitem><para> |
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1213 Farbbild-Dithering |
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|
1214 </para></listitem> |
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1215 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1216 |
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1217 <itemizedlist> |
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1218 <title>Aber <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> hat auch folgende |
20515 | 1219 Einschränkungen:</title> |
21725
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|
1220 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1221 keine Unterstützung für Helligkeit, Kontrast, Gamma |
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1222 </para></listitem> |
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1223 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1224 |
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|
1225 <para> |
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1226 Du kannst diese Tasten im caca-Fenster benutzen, um die Render-Optionen |
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|
1227 zu beeinflussen: |
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|
1228 </para> |
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|
1229 |
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|
1230 <informaltable> |
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|
1231 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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|
1232 <thead> |
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|
1233 <row><entry>Taste</entry><entry>Aktion</entry></row> |
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1234 </thead> |
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|
1235 <tbody> |
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|
1236 <row><entry><keycap>d</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1237 zwischen den Dithering-Methoden von |
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|
1238 <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> umschalten. |
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|
1239 </entry></row> |
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|
1240 <row><entry><keycap>a</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1241 zwischen dem Antialiasing von <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> |
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|
1242 umschalten. |
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|
1243 </entry></row> |
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|
1244 <row><entry><keycap>b</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1245 zwischen dem Hintergrund <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> |
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|
1246 umschalten. |
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|
1247 </entry></row> |
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|
1248 </tbody> |
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|
1249 </tgroup> |
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|
1250 </informaltable> |
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|
1251 |
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|
1252 <variablelist> |
18649 | 1253 <title><systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> sucht auch nach |
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|
1254 bestimmten Umgebungsvariablen:</title> |
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|
1255 <varlistentry> |
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|
1256 <term><option>CACA_DRIVER</option></term> |
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|
1257 <listitem><para> |
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|
1258 Setze den empfohlenen caca-Treiber. z.B. ncurses, slang, x11. |
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|
1259 </para></listitem> |
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|
1260 </varlistentry> |
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|
1261 <varlistentry> |
19816 | 1262 <term><option>CACA_GEOMETRY (nur bei X11)</option></term> |
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|
1263 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1264 Spezifiziere die Anzahl der Spalten und Zeilen, z.B. 128x50. |
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|
1265 </para></listitem> |
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|
1266 </varlistentry> |
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|
1267 <varlistentry> |
19816 | 1268 <term><option>CACA_FONT (nur bei X11)</option></term> |
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|
1269 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1270 Legt die zu verwendende Schrift fest, z.B. fixed, nexus. |
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|
1271 </para></listitem> |
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|
1272 </varlistentry> |
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|
1273 </variablelist> |
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|
1274 |
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|
1275 <para> |
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|
1276 Nimm die Option <option>-framedrop</option>, wenn dein Rechner nicht schnell |
20515 | 1277 genug für die Darstellung aller Frames ist. |
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|
1278 </para> |
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|
1279 |
24622 | 1280 </sect1> |
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|
1281 |
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|
1282 |
24622 | 1283 <sect1 id="vesa"> |
20515 | 1284 <title>VESA-Ausgabe über das VESA-BIOS</title> |
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|
1285 |
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|
1286 <para> |
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|
1287 Dieser Treiber ist vom Design her ein <emphasis role="bold">generischer Treiber</emphasis> |
20515 | 1288 für alle Grafikkarten, deren Bios VESA VBE 2.0 unterstützt. Ein weiterer |
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|
1289 Vorteil dieses Treibers liegt darin, dass er versucht, den TV-Ausgang anzuschalten. |
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|
1290 <citetitle>VESA BIOS EXTENSION (VBE) Version 3.0 Date: September 16, 1998</citetitle> |
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|
1291 (Seite 70) hat folgendes zu sagen: |
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|
1292 </para> |
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|
1293 |
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|
1294 <blockquote> |
20515 | 1295 <formalpara><title>Designs für zwei Controller</title> |
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|
1296 <para> |
20515 | 1297 VBE 3.0 unterstützt zwei Controller dadurch, dass angenommen wird, |
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|
1298 dass beide Controller vom gleichen OEM (Hardwarehersteller) stammen und |
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|
1299 unter Kontrolle desselben BIOS auf derselben Grafikkarte sitzen. Somit ist |
20515 | 1300 es möglich, die Tatsache, dass zwei Controller vorhanden sind, vor der |
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|
1301 Anwendung zu verbergen. Dies verhindert zwar, dass beide Controller |
20515 | 1302 unabhängig voneinander gesteuert werden, erlaubt andererseits aber, |
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|
1303 dass Anwendungen weiterhin problemlos funktionieren, die vor Erscheinen der |
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|
1304 VBE-3.0-Spezifikation geschrieben wurden. Die VBE-Funktion 00h (Auskunft |
20515 | 1305 über die Controller, Return Controller Information) gibt |
1306 dementsprechend die kombinierten Informationen über beide Controller | |
1307 zurück, was auch eine kombinierte Liste der vorhandenen Grafikmodi | |
1308 einschließt. Sobald eine Anwendung einen Grafikmodus wählt, wird | |
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1309 der entsprechende Controller aktiviert. Alle weiteren VBE-Funtkionen werden |
20515 | 1310 dann auf diesem Controller ausgeführt. |
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1311 </para> |
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1312 </formalpara> |
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|
1313 </blockquote> |
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|
1314 |
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1315 <para> |
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1316 Somit hast du also eine Chance, den TV-Ausgang mit diesem Treiber zum |
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1317 Laufen zu bringen. |
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1318 (Ich vermute, dass der TV-Ausgang normalerweise auf einer separaten |
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1319 Grafikkarte oder zumindest ein separater Ausgang ist.) |
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1320 </para> |
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|
1321 |
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1322 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1323 <title>VORTEILE</title> |
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1324 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1325 Du hast die Möglichkeit, selbst dann Filme anzusehen, wenn |
1326 <emphasis role="bold">Linux nichts von deiner Grafikhardware weiß</emphasis>. | |
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1327 </para></listitem> |
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1328 <listitem><para> |
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1329 Du musst keine einzige Grafikanwendung installiert haben (wie |
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1330 X11/XFree86, fbdev usw.). Dieser Treiber wird im |
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1331 <emphasis role="bold">Textmodus</emphasis> |
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1332 benutzt. |
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1333 </para></listitem> |
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1334 <listitem><para> |
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1335 Die Chancen stehen gut, dass der <emphasis role="bold">TV-Ausgang funktioniert</emphasis>. |
20515 | 1336 (Es läuft nachweislich zumindest auf ATI-Karten.) |
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1337 </para></listitem> |
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1338 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1339 Dieser Treiber ruft die <function>int 10h</function>-Routine wirklich auf und ist |
18568
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1340 dementsprechend kein Emulator - er ruft <emphasis role="bold">echte</emphasis> |
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1341 Funktionen des <emphasis>echten</emphasis> BIOS im <emphasis>Real</emphasis>-Modus |
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1342 auf (bzw. im vm68-Modus). |
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1343 </para></listitem> |
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1344 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1345 Du kannst den Treiber zusammen mit VIDIX verwenden und erhältst |
19816 | 1346 dadurch gleichzeitig eine hardwarebeschleunigte Grafikanzeige |
20515 | 1347 <emphasis role="bold">und</emphasis> den TV-Ausgang! (für ATI-Karten empfohlen) |
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1348 </para></listitem> |
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1349 <listitem><para> |
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1350 Wenn du ein VESA-VBE-3.0+-BIOS hast und irgendwo die Optionen |
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1351 <option>monitor-hfreq</option>, <option>monitor-vfreq</option>, |
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1352 <option>monitor-dotclock</option> angegeben werden (Kommandozeile, |
20515 | 1353 Konfigurationsdatei), dann bekommst du die höchstmögliche |
18568
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1354 Bildwiederholrate (mit den generischen Timingformeln). Um dieses Feature |
20515 | 1355 zu aktivieren, müssen <emphasis role="bold">alle</emphasis> |
18568
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1356 Monitoroptionen angegeben werden. |
21725
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1357 </para></listitem> |
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1358 </itemizedlist> |
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1359 |
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1360 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1361 <title>NACHTEILE</title> |
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1362 <listitem><para> |
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1363 Der Treiber funtkioniert nur auf <emphasis role="bold">x86-Systemen</emphasis>. |
21725
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1364 </para></listitem> |
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1365 <listitem><para> |
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1366 Er kann nur von <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> benutzt werden. |
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1367 </para></listitem> |
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1368 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1369 Momentan ist er nur für <emphasis role="bold">Linux</emphasis> verfügbar. |
21725
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|
1370 </para></listitem> |
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|
1371 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1372 |
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|
1373 <important> |
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1374 <para> |
18649 | 1375 Benutze diesen Treiber nicht mit <emphasis role="bold">GCC 2.96</emphasis>! |
18568
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|
1376 Das wird nicht funktionieren! |
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|
1377 </para> |
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|
1378 </important> |
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|
1379 |
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|
1380 <variablelist> |
20515 | 1381 <title>BEI VESA VERFÜGBARE KOMMANDOZEILENOPTIONEN</title> |
18568
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1382 <varlistentry> |
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|
1383 <term><option>-vo vesa:<replaceable>opts</replaceable></option></term> |
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1384 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1385 Momentan erkannt: <literal>dga</literal>, um den DGA-Modus zu erzwingen |
18568
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|
1386 und <literal>nodga</literal>, um ihn zu deaktivieren. Im DGA-Modus kannst du den |
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|
1387 Doppelpuffermodus mit <option>-double</option> aktivieren. Anmerkung: Du |
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1388 kannst diese Parameter auch weglassen, um die <emphasis role="bold">automatische |
20515 | 1389 Erkennung</emphasis> des DGA-Modus zu ermöglichen. |
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|
1390 </para></listitem> |
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|
1391 </varlistentry> |
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|
1392 </variablelist> |
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|
1393 |
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|
1394 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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|
1395 <title>BEKANNTE PROBLEME UND WIE MAN SIE UMGEHT</title> |
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|
1396 <listitem><para> |
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|
1397 Wenn du unter Linux eine <emphasis role="bold">NLS</emphasis>-Schrift |
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|
1398 verwendest und du den VESA-Treiber aus dem Textmodus heraus aufrufst, |
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|
1399 dann wird nach dem Beenden von <application>MPlayer</application> die |
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|
1400 <emphasis role="bold">ROM-Schrift</emphasis> anstelle der nationalen |
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|
1401 geladen sein. Du kannst die nationale Schriftart erneut mit |
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|
1402 <command>setsysfont</command> laden, das z.B. bei Mandrake zur |
20515 | 1403 Distribution gehört. (<emphasis role="bold">Tip:</emphasis> Das |
1404 gleiche Tool wird für die Lokalisation von fbdev verwendet.) | |
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1405 </para></listitem> |
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|
1406 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 1407 Manche <emphasis role="bold">Linux-Grafiktreiber</emphasis> aktualisieren |
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1408 nicht den aktiven <emphasis role="bold">BIOS-Modus</emphasis> im DOS-Speicher. |
19816 | 1409 Wenn du also so ein Problem hast, dann verwende den VESA-Treiber nur aus dem |
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1410 <emphasis role="bold">Textmodus</emphasis> heraus. Andernfalls |
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1411 wird immer der Textmodus (#03) aktiviert werden, und du wirst den |
20515 | 1412 Computer neustarten müssen. |
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|
1413 </para></listitem> |
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|
1414 <listitem><para> |
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|
1415 Oftmals siehst du nur einen <emphasis role="bold">schwarzen Bildschirm</emphasis>, |
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|
1416 wenn der VESA-Treiber beendet wird. Um die Anzeige wieder in den richtigen Zustand |
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|
1417 zu versetzen, wechsele einfach zu einer anderen Console (mit |
24611 | 1418 <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F<x></keycap></keycombo>) und wieder zurück. |
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1419 </para></listitem> |
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|
1420 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1421 Um eine <emphasis role="bold">funktionierende TV-Ausgabe</emphasis> zu erhalten, |
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|
1422 musst du das TV-Kabel eingesteckt haben, bevor du deinen PC bootest, da das BIOS |
20515 | 1423 nur einmal während der POST-Phase initialisiert wird. |
21725
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|
1424 </para></listitem> |
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1425 </itemizedlist> |
24622 | 1426 </sect1> |
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|
1427 |
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1428 |
24622 | 1429 <sect1 id="x11"> |
18568
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|
1430 <title>X11</title> |
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|
1431 |
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|
1432 <para> |
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diff
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|
1433 Vermeide diesen Treiber, wenn's geht. Er benutzt X11 (mit den Shared- |
20515 | 1434 Memory-Erweiterungen) ohne jegliche Hardwarebeschleunigung. Unterstützt |
18568
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|
1435 MMX-/3DNow/SSE-beschleunigte Softwareskalierung mit den Optionen |
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diff
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|
1436 <option>-fs -zoom</option>, aber die ist trotzdem langsam. Die meisten |
20515 | 1437 Karten bieten Unterstützung für Hardwareskalierung. Benutze also |
1438 <option>-vo xv</option> in den meisten Fällen bzw. <option>-vo xmga</option> | |
18568
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|
1439 bei Matrox-Karten. |
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diff
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|
1440 </para> |
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diff
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|
1441 |
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|
1442 <para> |
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|
1443 Ein Problem liegt darin, dass die meisten Grafikkartentreiber |
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|
1444 Hardwarebeschleunigung nicht beim zweiten Ausgang/beim TV-Ausgang |
20515 | 1445 unterstützen. In diesen Fällen siehst du nur ein grünes/blaues |
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|
1446 Fenster anstelle des Films. Hier ist der X11-Treiber ganz praktisch, aber du |
20515 | 1447 brauchst trotzdem eine schnelle CPU für die Softwareskalierung. Benutze |
18568
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|
1448 nicht den SDL-Ausgabetreiber und SDLs Skalierer, da dieser eine schlechtere |
20515 | 1449 Qualität bietet! |
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|
1450 </para> |
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1451 |
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1452 <para> |
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1453 Softwareskalierung ist sehr langsam. Versuch also besser, vorher in einen |
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1454 anderen Videomodus zu schalten. Das ist sehr einfach. Such die |
20515 | 1455 <link linkend="dga-modelines">Modelines in der DGA-Sektion</link> und füge sie |
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1456 in deine <filename>XF86Config</filename> ein. |
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1457 |
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1458 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1459 <listitem><para> |
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1460 Wenn du XFree86 4.x.x hast, dann benutze die Option <option>-vm</option>. |
20515 | 1461 MPlayer wird dann die Auflösung in diejenige ändern, |
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1462 in die dein Film am besten hineinpasst. Wenn das nicht funktioniert: |
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|
1463 </para></listitem> |
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1464 <listitem><para> |
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1465 Unter XFree86 3.x.x musst du mit |
24611 | 1466 <keycombo><keycap>Strg</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Keypad +</keycap></keycombo> |
18568
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1467 und |
24611 | 1468 <keycombo><keycap>Strg</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Keypad -</keycap></keycombo> |
20515 | 1469 die Auflösung ändern. |
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1470 </para></listitem> |
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1471 </itemizedlist> |
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1472 </para> |
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1473 |
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1474 <para> |
20515 | 1475 Wenn du die soeben eingefügten Modi nicht wiederfindest, dann schau |
1476 dir die Ausgabe von XFree86 an. Einige Treiber können nicht die | |
1477 niedrigen Pixelclock-Werte benutzen, die für niedrige Auflösungen | |
1478 vonnöten sind. | |
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1479 </para> |
24622 | 1480 </sect1> |
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1481 |
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1482 |
24622 | 1483 <sect1 id="vidix"> |
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1484 <title>VIDIX</title> |
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1485 |
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1486 <formalpara> |
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1487 <title>EINLEITUNG</title> |
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1488 <para> |
20515 | 1489 <acronym>VIDIX</acronym> ist die Abkürzung für <emphasis role="bold">VID</emphasis>eo |
1490 <emphasis role="bold">I</emphasis>nterface für | |
1491 *ni<emphasis role="bold">X</emphasis> (Video-Schnittstelle für *n*x). | |
1492 VIDIX wurde entworfen, um eine Schnittstelle für schnelle Userspacetreiber für | |
1493 Grafikkarten zur Verfügung zu stellen, so wie es mga_vid für | |
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1494 Matrox-Karten tut. VIDIX ist ebenfalls sehr portabel. |
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1495 </para> |
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1496 </formalpara> |
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1497 <para> |
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1498 Diese Schnittstelle wurde als Versuch entworfen, den vorhandenen |
20515 | 1499 Schnittstellen für Videobeschleunigung (mga_vid, rage128_vid, |
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1500 radeon_vid, pm3_vid) ein einheitliches Dach zu geben. Sie stellt einen |
20515 | 1501 einheitlichen Highlevel-Zugang zu BES- und OV-Chips zur Verfügung |
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|
1502 (BackEnd Scaler und Video Overlays). Sie stellt keine Lowlevel-Funktionen |
24231 | 1503 für z.B. Grafikserver zur Verfügung. (Ich möchte nicht mit den |
18649 | 1504 X11-Leuten in Sachen Grafikmodusumschaltung konkurrieren.) Das Ziel dieser |
20515 | 1505 Schnittstelle liegt also einfach darin, die höchstmögliche |
18568
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1506 Geschwindigkeit bei der Videowiedergabe zu erreichen. |
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1507 </para> |
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1508 |
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1509 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1510 <title>VERWENDUNG</title> |
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1511 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1512 Du kannst den eigenständigen Videotreiber benutzen: |
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1513 <option>-vo vidix</option> |
20515 | 1514 Dieser Treiber wurde als das X11-Frontend für die VIDIX-Technologie |
1515 entwickelt. Er benötigt dementsprechend einen X-Server und | |
18649 | 1516 funktioniert auch nur unter X. Beachte, dass der Pixmap-Cache korrumpiert |
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1517 werden kann, weil der Treiber unter Umgehung des X-Treibers direkt auf |
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1518 die Hardware zugreift. Du kannst das dadurch verhindern, dass du die von |
20515 | 1519 X verwendete Menge des Grafikspeichers verringerst. Benutze dafür |
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1520 die Option "VideoRam" in der "device"-Sektion der |
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1521 <filename>XF86Config</filename>. Du solltest da die installierte Menge |
20515 | 1522 Grafikspeicher minus 4MB eintragen. Wenn du über weniger als 8MB |
1523 Grafikspeicher verfügst, dann solltest du stattdessen die Option | |
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1524 "XaaNoPixmapCache" in der "screen"-Sektion verwenden. |
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1525 </para></listitem> |
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1526 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1527 Es gibt einen VIDIX-Treiber für die Konsole: <option>-vo cvidix</option>. |
1528 Dieser benötigt für die meisten Karten einen funktionierenden und | |
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1529 initialisierten Framebuffer (oder du wirst stattdessen den Bildschirm |
20515 | 1530 in Unordnung bringen) und wirst einen Effekt ähnlich wie mit |
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1531 <option>-vo mga</option> oder <option>-vo fbdev</option> bekommen. |
18649 | 1532 nVidia-Karten sind dagegen in der Lage, wirklich grafisches Video |
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1533 auf einer echten Text-Konsole auszugeben. Im Abschnitt |
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1534 <link linkend="vidix-nvidia">nvidia_vid</link> wirst du mehr Informationen |
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1535 dazu finden. |
20624 | 1536 Um Text an den Rändern und den blinkenden Cursor loszuwerden, |
1537 probiere etwas wie den folgenden Befehl: | |
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1538 </para> |
20624 | 1539 <screen>setterm -cursor off > /dev/tty9</screen> |
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1540 <para> |
20624 | 1541 (welcher davon ausgeht, dass <systemitem>tty9</systemitem> bis dahin ungenutzt ist). |
1542 Wechsle dann zu <systemitem>tty9</systemitem>. | |
1543 Andererseits sollte dir <option>-colorkey 0</option> ein Video liefern, das | |
1544 im "Hintergrund" läuft; das hängt jedoch davon ab, dass die colorkey-Funktionalität | |
1545 korrekt funktioniert. | |
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1546 </para></listitem> |
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1547 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1548 Du kannst auch das VIDIX-Untergerät verwenden, das bei vielen |
1549 Treibern zur Verfügung steht: | |
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1550 <option>-vo vesa:vidix</option> (<emphasis role="bold">nur unter Linux</emphasis>) |
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1551 und <option>-vo fbdev:vidix</option> |
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1552 </para></listitem> |
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1553 </itemizedlist> |
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1554 |
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1555 <para> |
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1556 Es ist in der Tat nicht wichtig, welcher Videoausgabetreiber mit |
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1557 <emphasis role="bold">VIDIX</emphasis> verwendet wird. |
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1558 </para> |
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1559 |
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1560 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1561 <title>ANFORDERUNGEN</title> |
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1562 <listitem><para> |
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1563 Die Grafikkarte sollte sich gerade im Grafikmodus befinden (ausser |
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1564 nVidia-Karten mit den <option>-vo cvidix</option> Ausgabe-Treibern). |
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1565 </para></listitem> |
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1566 <listitem><para> |
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1567 <application>MPlayer</application>s Videoausgabetreiber sollte den |
20515 | 1568 aktiven Videomodus kennen und in der Lage sein, dem VIDIX-Untergerät |
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1569 ein paar Charakteristika des X-Servers mitzuteilen. |
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1570 </para></listitem> |
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1571 </itemizedlist> |
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1572 |
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|
1573 <formalpara> |
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1574 <title>BEDIENUNGSMETHODEN</title> |
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1575 <para> |
20515 | 1576 Wenn VIDIX als <emphasis role="bold">Subgerät</emphasis> |
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1577 (<option>-vo vesa:vidix</option>) benutzt wird, dann wird die Konfiguration |
20515 | 1578 des Videomodus vom Videoausgabegerät erledigt (kurz |
1579 <emphasis role="bold">vo_server</emphasis>). Deswegen kannst du für | |
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1580 <application>MPlayer</application> die gleichen Kommandozeilenparameter wie |
20515 | 1581 für vo_server verwenden. |
1582 Zusätzlich ist die Option <option>-double</option> als global sichtbarer | |
1583 Parameter verfügbar. (Ich empfehle diese Option zumindest bei VIDIX und | |
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|
1584 ATI-Karten.) <option>-vo xvidix</option> erkennt momentan die folgenden |
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1585 Optionen: <option>-fs -zoom -x -y -double</option>. |
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1586 </para> |
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1587 </formalpara> |
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1588 <para> |
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1589 Du kannst den VIDIX-Treiber auch direkt als drittes Teilargument auf der |
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|
1590 Kommandozeile angeben: |
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1591 |
18649 | 1592 <screen>mplayer -vo xvidix:mga_vid.so -fs -zoom -double <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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1593 oder |
18649 | 1594 <screen>mplayer -vo vesa:vidix:radeon_vid.so -fs -zoom -double -bpp 32 <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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1595 |
20515 | 1596 Das ist allerdings gefährlich, und du solltest das lieber nicht tun. |
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1597 Hierbei wird die Verwendung des angegebenen Treibers erzwungen, und das |
20515 | 1598 Resultat ist unklar (dein Computer könnte sogar |
1599 <emphasis role="bold">abstürzen</emphasis>). | |
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1600 Du solltest das wirklich NUR DANN tun, wenn du absolut sicher bist, dass es |
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1601 funktioniert und <application>MPlayer</application> es nicht eh schon |
20515 | 1602 automatisch auswählt. |
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1603 Berichte den Entwicklern von deinen Erfahrungen. Die korrekte Art, VIDIX zu |
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1604 benutzen, ist ohne das dritte Teilargument, sodass <application>MPlayer</application> |
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1605 automatisch den richtigen Treiber aussucht. |
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1606 </para> |
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1607 |
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1608 <para> |
20515 | 1609 Da VIDIX direkten Zugriff auf die Hardware benötigt, musst du |
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1610 <application>MPlayer</application> entweder als |
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1611 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> starten oder der |
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1612 Programmdatei das SUID-Bit setzen (<emphasis role="bold">WARNUNG: |
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1613 Das ist ein Sicherheitsrisiko!</emphasis>). |
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1614 Alternativ kannst du auch spezielle Kernelmodule benutzen: |
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1615 </para> |
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1616 |
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1617 <procedure> |
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1618 <step><para> |
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1619 Lade dir die |
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1620 <ulink url="http://www.arava.co.il/matan/svgalib/">Entwicklerversion</ulink> |
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1621 der svgalib herunter (z.B. 1.9.17), |
20515 | 1622 <emphasis role="bold">ODER</emphasis> lade dir eine von Alex speziell für |
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1623 die Benutzung mit <application>MPlayer</application> modifizierte Version |
20515 | 1624 (die nicht die svgalib-Sourcen zum Compilieren benötigt) |
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1625 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/contrib/svgalib/svgalib_helper-1.9.17-mplayer.tar.bz2">hier</ulink> |
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1626 herunter. |
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1627 </para></step> |
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1628 <step><para> |
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1629 Compiliere das Modul im <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename>-Verzeichnis |
19816 | 1630 (das im Verzeichnis <filename class="directory">svgalib-1.9.17/kernel/</filename> |
18649 | 1631 gefunden werden kann, wenn du die Sourcen von der svgalib-Seite heruntergeladen hast), |
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1632 und lade es mit insmod. |
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1633 </para></step> |
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1634 <step><para> |
20515 | 1635 Um die entsprechenden Geräte im <filename class="directory">/dev</filename>-Verzeichnis |
1636 zu erstellen, führe ein <screen>make device</screen> im Verzeichnis | |
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1637 <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename> als |
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1638 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> aus. |
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1639 </para></step> |
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1640 <step><para> |
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1641 Verschiebe das Verzeichnis <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename> |
24623 | 1642 in das <filename class="directory">vidix</filename>-Unterverzeichnis des |
1643 <application>MPlayer</application>-Quellbaums. | |
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1644 </para></step> |
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1645 <step><para> |
24619
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1646 Entferne den Kommentar vor der CFLAGS-Zeile, die "svgalib_helper" enthält |
24623 | 1647 aus <filename class="directory">vidix/Makefile</filename>. |
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1648 </para></step> |
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1649 <step><para> |
24623 | 1650 Compiliere erneut. |
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1651 </para></step> |
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1652 </procedure> |
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1653 |
24622 | 1654 <sect2 id="vidix-ati"> |
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1655 <title>ATI-Karten</title> |
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1656 <para> |
20515 | 1657 Momentan werden die meisten ATI-Karten unterstützt, von der Mach64 |
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1658 bis hin zur neuesten Radeon. |
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1659 </para> |
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1660 |
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1661 <para> |
20515 | 1662 Es gibt zwei compilierte Binaries: <filename>radeon_vid</filename> für Radeons |
1663 und <filename>rage128_vid</filename> für Rage128-Karten. Du kannst entweder eine | |
1664 der beiden erzwingen oder das VIDIX-System automatisch alle verfügbaren | |
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1665 Treiber ausprobieren lassen. |
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1666 </para> |
24622 | 1667 </sect2> |
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1668 |
24622 | 1669 <sect2 id="vidix-mga"> |
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1670 <title>Matrox-Karten</title> |
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1671 <para> |
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1672 Matrox G200, G400, G450 und G550 sollen funktionieren. |
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1673 </para> |
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1674 |
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1675 <para> |
20515 | 1676 Der Treiber unterstützt Videoequalizer und sollte fast genauso schnell |
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1677 wie der <link linkend="mga_vid">Matrox-Framebuffer</link> sein. |
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1678 </para> |
24622 | 1679 </sect2> |
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1680 |
24622 | 1681 <sect2 id="vidix-trident"> |
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1682 <title>Trident-Karten</title> |
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1683 <para> |
20515 | 1684 Es gibt einen Treiber für den Trident Cyberblade/i1-Chipsatz, der auf |
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1685 VIA Epia-Mainboards eingesetzt wird. |
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1686 </para> |
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1687 |
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1688 <para> |
20861 | 1689 Der Treiber wurde geschrieben und wird weiterentwickelt von |
1690 <ulink url="http://www.blackfiveservices.co.uk/EPIAVidix.shtml">Alastair M. Robinson</ulink>. | |
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1691 </para> |
24622 | 1692 </sect2> |
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1693 |
24622 | 1694 <sect2 id="vidix-3dlabs"> |
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1695 <title>3DLabs-Karten</title> |
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1696 <para> |
20515 | 1697 Auch wenn es einen Treiber für 3DLabs GLINT R3-Chips und Permedia3-Chips |
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1698 gibt, so hat noch niemand diese getestet. Feedback wird deswegen gern gesehen. |
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1699 </para> |
24622 | 1700 </sect2> |
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1701 |
24622 | 1702 <sect2 id="vidix-nvidia"> |
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1703 <title>nVidia-Karten</title> |
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1704 |
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1705 <para> |
20515 | 1706 Ein einmaliges Feature des nvidia_vid-Treibers ist seine Fähigkeit, Video auf |
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1707 <emphasis role="bold">einfacher, purer Textkonsole</emphasis> darzustellen - ohne |
20515 | 1708 Framebuffer oder X magic oder was auch immer. Zu diesem Zweck müssen wir |
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1709 die <option>cvidix</option>-Videoausgabe verwenden, wie folgendes Beispiel zeigt: |
19117 | 1710 <screen>mplayer -vo cvidix <replaceable>example.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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1711 </para> |
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1712 |
24622 | 1713 </sect2> |
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1714 |
24622 | 1715 <sect2 id="vidix-sis"> |
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1716 <title>SiS-Karten</title> |
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1717 <para> |
20515 | 1718 Dies ist ein sehr experimenteller Code, ähnlich nvidia_vid. |
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1719 </para> |
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1720 |
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1721 <para> |
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1722 Er wurde auf SiS 650/651/740 getestet (die verbreitetsten Chipsets in den |
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1723 SiS-Versionen der Boxen von "Shuttle XPC"-Barebones) |
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1724 </para> |
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1725 |
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1726 <para> |
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1727 Berichte erwartet! |
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1728 </para> |
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1729 </sect2> |
24622 | 1730 </sect1> |
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1731 |
24622 | 1732 <sect1 id="directfb"> |
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1733 <title>DirectFB</title> |
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1734 <blockquote><para> |
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1735 "DirectFB ist eine Grafikbibliothek, deren Zielplattform eingebettete |
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1736 Systeme sind. Sie bietet maximale Hardwarebeschleunigung bei minimalem |
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1737 Ressourcenverbrauch und minimalem Overhead." - Zitat von |
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1738 <ulink url="http://www.directfb.org"/>. |
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1739 </para></blockquote> |
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1740 |
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1741 <para> |
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1742 Ich lasse die DirectFB-Features in dieser Sektion weg. |
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1743 </para> |
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1744 |
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1745 <para> |
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1746 Obwohl <application>MPlayer</application> nicht als "Videoprovider" |
20515 | 1747 bei DirectFB unterstützt wird, bietet dieser Treiber Videowiedergabe mittels |
1748 DirectFB. Die Wiedergabe ist - natürlich - hardwarebeschleunigt. Bei | |
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1749 meiner Matrox G400 war der DirectFB genauso schnell wie XVideo. |
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1750 </para> |
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1751 |
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1752 <para> |
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1753 Versuche immer die neueste Version von DirectFB zu verwenden. Du kannst |
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1754 DirectFB-Optionen mit der <option>-dfbopts</option>-Option auf der Kommandozeile |
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1755 angeben. Layer-Auswahl erfolgt durch Angabe als Teilargument, z.B. mit |
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1756 <option>-vo directfb:2</option> (Layer -1 ist der Standardwert: automatische |
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1757 Layerauswahl). |
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1758 </para> |
24622 | 1759 </sect1> |
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1760 |
24622 | 1761 <sect1 id="dfbmga"> |
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1762 <title>DirectFB/Matrox (dfbmga)</title> |
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1763 <para> |
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1764 Bitte lies die |
19816 | 1765 <link linkend="directfb">DirectFB-Sektion</link> zu generellen |
20515 | 1766 Informationen über DiretcFB. |
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1767 </para> |
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1768 |
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1769 <para> |
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1770 Dieser Videoausgabetreiber wird auf einer Matrox G400/G450/G550-Karten |
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1771 den CRTC2 (des zweiten Ausgangs) aktivieren und damit das Video |
20515 | 1772 <emphasis role="bold">unabhängig</emphasis> vom primären Ausgang anzeigen. |
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1773 </para> |
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1774 |
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1775 <para> |
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1776 Anweisungen, um dies zum Laufen zu bringen, stehen direkt in der |
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1777 <ulink url="http://www.sci.fi/~syrjala/directfb/matrox-tv-out-howto">HOWTO</ulink> |
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1778 oder der |
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1779 <ulink url="http://www.sci.fi/~syrjala/directfb/Matrox_TV-out_README.txt">README</ulink> |
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1780 auf der Homepage von Ville Syrjala. |
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1781 </para> |
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1782 |
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1783 <note><para> |
19816 | 1784 Die erste DirectFB-Version, mit der wir das zum Laufen gebracht haben, war |
20515 | 1785 0.9.17 (sie ist fehlerhaft, benötigt den <systemitem>surfacemanager</systemitem> von |
1786 oben erwähnter URL). Wie auch immer, eine Portierung des CRTC2-Codes für | |
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1787 <link linkend="mga_vid">mga_vid</link> ist bereits in Arbeit. |
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1788 <ulink url="../../tech/patches.txt">Patches</ulink> sind willkommen. |
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1789 </para></note> |
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1790 </sect1> |
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1791 |
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1792 <sect1 id="mpeg_decoders"> |
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1793 <title>MPEG-Dekoderkarten</title> |
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1794 |
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1795 <sect2 id="dvb"> |
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1796 <title>DVB-Output und -Input</title> |
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1797 <para> |
20515 | 1798 <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt Karten mit dem Siemens-DVB-Chipsatz von |
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1799 Herstellern wie Siemens, Technotrend, Galaxis oder Hauppauge. Die neuesten |
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1800 DVB-Treiber gibt's auf der |
18649 | 1801 <ulink url="http://www.linuxtv.org">Linux TV-Seite</ulink>. Wenn du |
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1802 Transcodierung in Software machen willst, dann brauchst du eine CPU mit mindestens 1GHz. |
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1803 </para> |
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1804 |
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1805 <para> |
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1806 <filename>configure</filename> sollte automatisch deine DVB-Karte erkennen. Wenn |
20515 | 1807 es das nicht tut, dann erzwinge DVB-Unterstützung mit |
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1808 </para> |
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1809 |
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1810 <para><screen>./configure --enable-dvb</screen></para> |
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1811 |
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1812 <para> |
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1813 Wenn die ost-Headerdateien nicht an ihrem normalen Platz liegen, dann gib |
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1814 explizit den Pfad zu ihnen an mit: |
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1815 </para> |
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1816 |
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1817 <para> |
32582 | 1818 <screen>./configure --extra-cflags=<replaceable>DVB-Source-Verzeichnis</replaceable>/ost/include |
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1819 </screen> |
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1820 </para> |
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1821 |
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1822 <para> |
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1823 Dann compiliere und installiere wie sonst auch. |
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1824 </para> |
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1825 |
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1826 <formalpara> |
24618 | 1827 <title>GEBRAUCH</title> |
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1828 <para> |
24618 | 1829 Hardwaredecodierung von Streams, die MPEG-1/2 Video und/oder MPEG-Audio enthalten, |
1830 geschieht mit diesem Kommando: | |
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1831 </para> |
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1832 </formalpara> |
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1833 |
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1834 <para> |
18649 | 1835 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes <replaceable>Datei.mpg|vob</replaceable> |
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1836 </screen> |
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1837 </para> |
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1838 |
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1839 <para> |
24618 | 1840 Decodierung jeder Art Videostream verlangt Transcodierung zu MPEG-1, daher ist |
1841 es langsam und den Ärger möglicherweise nicht wert, vor allem, wenn dein | |
1842 Computer langsam ist. | |
1843 Es kann folgenderweise gemacht werden: | |
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1844 </para> |
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1845 <para> |
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1846 <screen> |
18649 | 1847 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes <replaceable>DateieDatei.ext</replaceable> |
1848 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf expand <replaceable>DateieDatei.ext</replaceable> | |
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1849 </screen> |
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1850 </para> |
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1851 |
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1852 <para> |
20515 | 1853 Beachte, dass DVB-Karten nur bestimmte Bildhöhen unterstützen: |
1854 288 und 576 für PAL und 240 und 480 für NTSC. Du | |
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1855 <emphasis role="bold">musst</emphasis> das Bild vorher skalieren, wenn |
20515 | 1856 die Höhe nicht einer der oben erwähnten entspricht: |
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1857 <option>-vf scale=width:height</option>. DVB-Karten |
20515 | 1858 unterstützen eine Vielzahl horizontaler Auflösungen wie z.B. |
19816 | 1859 720, 704, 640, 512, 480, 352 etc. Sie machen Hardwareskalierung in horizontaler |
1860 Richtung, sodass du meist nicht in horizontaler Richtung skalieren musst. | |
20515 | 1861 Bei einem 512x384-MPEG4 (DivX) (Verhältnis 4:3) kannst du folgendes probieren: |
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1862 </para> |
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1863 |
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1864 <para> |
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1865 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf scale=512:576 |
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1866 </screen> |
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1867 </para> |
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1868 |
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1869 <para> |
19816 | 1870 Wenn du einen Breitwandfilm hast und du ihn nicht auf die volle |
20515 | 1871 Höhe skalieren möchtest, dann kannst du den <option>expand=w:h</option>-Filter |
1872 benutzen, um schwarze Balken hinzuzufügen. | |
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1873 Um ein 640x384-MPEG4 (DivX) anzuschauen: |
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1874 </para> |
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1875 |
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1876 <para> |
18649 | 1877 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf expand=640:576 <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable> |
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1878 </screen> |
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1879 </para> |
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1880 |
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1881 <para> |
20515 | 1882 Wenn deine CPU für 720x576-MPEG4 (DivX) zu langsam ist, dann skaliere |
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1883 herunter: |
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1884 </para> |
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1885 |
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1886 <para> |
18649 | 1887 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf scale=352:576 <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable> |
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1888 </screen> |
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1889 </para> |
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1890 |
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1891 <para> |
18649 | 1892 Wenn sich die Geschwindigkeit nicht verbessert, dann skaliere auch in |
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1893 vertikaler Richtung: |
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1894 </para> |
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1895 |
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1896 <para> |
18649 | 1897 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf scale=352:288 <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable> |
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1898 </screen> |
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1899 </para> |
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1900 |
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1901 <para> |
20515 | 1902 Für ein OSD und Untertitel kannst du das OSD-Feature des expand- |
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1903 Filters benutzen. Anstelle von <option>expand=w:h</option> oder |
20515 | 1904 <option>expand=w:h:x:y</option> benutzt du dafür |
1905 <option>expand=w:h:x:y:1</option> (der fünfte Parameter <option>:1</option> | |
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1906 schaltet die OSD-Anzeige an). Eventuell willst du das Bild ein wenig nach |
20515 | 1907 oben schieben, um unten mehr Platz für die Untertitel zu haben. |
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1908 Vielleicht willst du auch die Untertitel hochschieben, wenn sie ansonsten |
20515 | 1909 außerhalb des sichtbaren Bereiches des Fernsehers liegen. Das kannst du mit |
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1910 <option>-subpos <0-100></option> erreichen, wobei |
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1911 <option>-subpos 80</option> meistens eine gute Wahl darstellt. |
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1912 </para> |
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1913 |
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1914 <para> |
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1915 Um Filme mit weniger/mehr als 25 Frames pro Sekunde auf einem |
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1916 PAL-Fernseher abzuspielen, oder wenn du eine langsame CPU hast, |
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1917 verwende die Option <option>-framedrop</option>. |
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1918 </para> |
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1919 |
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1920 <para> |
20515 | 1921 Um das Höhen-/Breitenverhältnis des MPEG-4 (DivX) beizubehalten und |
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1922 trotzdem die optimalen Skalierungsparameter zu verweden (Hardwareskalierung |
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1923 in horizontaler Richtung und Softwareskalierung in vertikaler Richtung unter |
20515 | 1924 Beibehaltung des richtigen Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses), benutze |
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1925 den neuen dvbscale-Filter: |
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1926 </para> |
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1927 |
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1928 <para><screen> |
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1929 for a 4:3 TV: -vf dvbscale,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1 |
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1930 for a 16:9 TV: -vf dvbscale=1024,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1 |
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1931 </screen></para> |
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1932 |
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1933 <formalpara> |
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1934 <title>Digitales TV (DVB-Input-Modul)</title> |
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1935 <para> |
18649 | 1936 Du kannst deine DVB-Karte zum Ansehen digitalen TVs verwenden. |
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1937 </para> |
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1938 </formalpara> |
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1939 |
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1940 <para> |
18649 | 1941 Du solltest die Programme <command>scan</command> und |
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1942 <command>szap/tzap/czap/azap</command> installiert haben; sie sind alle |
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1943 im Treiberpaket enthalten. |
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1944 </para> |
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1945 |
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1946 <para> |
20515 | 1947 Überprüfe, ob die Treiber sauber mit dem Programm wie etwa |
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1948 <ulink url="http://sf.net/projects/dvbtools/"><command>dvbstream</command></ulink> |
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1949 arbeiten (das ist die Basis des DVB-Input-Moduls). |
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1950 </para> |
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1951 |
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1952 <para> |
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1953 Jetzt solltest du eine Datei <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf</filename> |
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1954 mit der von <command>szap/tzap/czap/azap</command> Syntax compilieren oder |
20515 | 1955 es von <command>scan</command> für dich compilieren lassen. |
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1956 </para> |
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1957 |
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1958 <para> |
18649 | 1959 Hast du mehr als einen Kartentyp (z.B. Satellit, Antenne, Kabel und ATSC), |
1960 kannst du deine Kanaldateien als | |
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1961 <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf.sat</filename>, |
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1962 <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf.ter</filename>, |
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1963 <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf.cbl</filename>, |
18649 | 1964 und <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf.atsc</filename> respektive |
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1965 speichern, um <application>MPlayer</application> unbedingt darauf |
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1966 hinzuweisen, eher diese Dateien zu verwenden als |
18649 | 1967 <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf</filename>, |
1968 und du musst angeben, welche Karte du verwendest. | |
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1969 </para> |
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1970 |
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1971 <para> |
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1972 Stelle sicher, dass du <emphasis>nur</emphasis> frei ausgestrahlte |
20515 | 1973 Kanäle in deiner Datei <filename>channels.conf</filename> hast, oder |
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1974 <application>MPlayer</application> wird auf eine unverschlüsselte |
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1975 Übertragung warten. |
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1976 </para> |
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1977 |
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1978 <para> |
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1979 In deinen Audio- und Videofeldern kannst du eine erweiterte Syntax |
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1980 anwenden: |
20515 | 1981 <option>...:pid[+pid]:...</option> (für ein Maximum von 6 pids bei |
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1982 jedem); in diesem Fall wird <application>MPlayer</application> |
20515 | 1983 alle gezeigten pids enbinden, plus pid 0 (welche das PAT enthält). |
1984 Binde ruhig in jede Spalte die PMT pid für den | |
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1985 korrespondierenden Kanal ein (falls du ihn kennst). |
24618 | 1986 Du kannst auch 8192 angeben; dies wird alle pids auf dieser Frequenz wählen, |
1987 und du kannst dann zwischen ihnen mit TAB wechseln. | |
1988 Das mag mehr Bandbreite benötigen, billige Karten übertragen jedoch | |
1989 alle Kanäle zumindest bis zum Kernel, daher macht es für diese keinen | |
1990 großen Unterschied. | |
20515 | 1991 Andere mögliche Anwendungen sind: televideo pid, zweiter Audio-Track, etc. |
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1992 </para> |
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1993 |
19706 | 1994 <para> |
20515 | 1995 Wenn sich <application>MPlayer</application> regelmäßig über |
19706 | 1996 <screen>Zu viele Audiopakete im Puffer</screen> beschwert oder |
1997 wenn du eine zunehmende Desynchronisation zwischen Ton und Video feststellst, | |
1998 versuche den MPEG-TS-Demuxer von libavformat zu verwenden, indem du | |
1999 <option>-demuxer lavf -lavfdopts probesize=128</option> | |
20515 | 2000 der Kommandozeile hinzufügst. |
19706 | 2001 </para> |
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2002 |
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2003 <para> |
20515 | 2004 Um den ersten der in deiner Liste vorhandenen Kanäle anzuzeigen, |
2005 führe folgendes aus | |
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2006 </para> |
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2007 |
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2008 <screen> |
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2009 mplayer dvb:// |
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|
2010 </screen> |
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2011 |
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2012 <para> |
18649 | 2013 Willst du einen bestimmten Kanal wie z.B. R1 ansehen, |
20515 | 2014 führe dies aus |
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2015 </para> |
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2016 |
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2017 <screen> |
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2018 mplayer dvb://R1 |
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|
2019 </screen> |
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2020 |
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2021 <para> |
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2022 Hast du mehr als eine Karte, musst du die Nummer der Karte, in der |
18649 | 2023 der Kanal zu sehen ist (z.B. 2), mit dieser Syntax angeben: |
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2024 </para> |
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|
2025 |
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2026 <screen> |
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2027 mplayer dvb://2@R1 |
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2028 </screen> |
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2029 |
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2030 <para> |
20515 | 2031 Um Kanäle zu wechseln, drücke die Tasten <keycap>h</keycap> (nächster) |
19827 | 2032 und <keycap>k</keycap> (vorheriger) oder verwende das |
20515 | 2033 <link linkend="osdmenu">OSD-Menü</link>. |
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2034 </para> |
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2035 |
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2036 <para> |
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2037 Wenn deine <filename>~/.mplayer/menu.conf</filename> einen Eintrag |
20515 | 2038 <literal><dvbsel></literal> enthält, wie der in der Beispieldatei |
2039 <filename>etc/dvb-menu.conf</filename> (die du zum Überschreiben der | |
2040 <filename>~/.mplayer/menu.conf</filename> nutzen kannst), wird das Hauptmenü | |
2041 einen Untermenüeintrag anzeigen, der dir die Wahl des Kanal-Presets in deiner | |
2042 <filename>channels.conf</filename> erlaubt, womöglich gefolgt von einem | |
2043 Menü mit der Liste der verfügbaren Karten, falls mehr als eine | |
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2044 von <application>MPlayer</application> genutzt werden kann. |
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|
2045 </para> |
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2046 |
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2047 <para> |
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2048 Willst du ein Programm auf die Festplatte speichern, nimm |
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2049 </para> |
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2050 |
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|
2051 <screen> |
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2052 mplayer -dumpfile r1.ts -dumpstream dvb://R1 |
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|
2053 </screen> |
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2054 |
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2055 <para> |
18649 | 2056 Willst du ihn statt dessen in einem anderen Format aufnehmen (ihn neu encodieren), |
20515 | 2057 kannst du einen Befehl wie diesen ausführen |
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2058 </para> |
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2059 |
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|
2060 <screen> |
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2061 mencoder -o r1.avi -ovc xvid -xvidencopts bitrate=800 -oac mp3lame -lameopts cbr:br=128 -pp=ci dvb://R1 |
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2062 </screen> |
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2063 |
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2064 <para> |
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2065 Lies dir in der Manpage eine Liste von Optionen durch, die du an das DVB-Input-Modul |
20515 | 2066 übergeben kannst. |
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2067 </para> |
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2068 |
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2069 <formalpara> |
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2070 <title>AUSBLICK</title> |
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2071 <para> |
20515 | 2072 Wenn du Fragen hast oder an der Diskussion über zukünftige |
18649 | 2073 Features teilnehmen willst, dann melde dich bei unserer |
19711 | 2074 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-dvb">MPlayer-DVB</ulink> |
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2075 Mailingliste an. Denk bitte daran, dass dort Englisch gesprochen wird. |
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2076 </para> |
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2077 </formalpara> |
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2078 |
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2079 <para> |
20515 | 2080 Für die Zukunft kannst du mit der Möglichkeit, das OSD und die |
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2081 Untertitel mit den eingebauten Funktionen der DVB-Karten anzuzeigen, mit |
20515 | 2082 flüssigerer Wiedergabe von Filmen mit weniger/mehr als 25 Bildern pro |
18649 | 2083 Sekunde und mit Echtzeit-Transcodierung zwischen MPEG-2 und MPEG-4 (partielle |
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2084 Dekompression) rechnen. |
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2085 </para> |
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|
2086 </sect2> |
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|
2087 |
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2088 <sect2 id="dxr2"> |
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2089 <title>DXR2</title> |
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2090 <para> |
20515 | 2091 <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt hardwarebeschleunigte |
18649 | 2092 Wiedergabe mit der Creative DXR2-Karte.</para> |
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2093 <para> |
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2094 Zuerst brauchst du einen richtig installierten DXR2-Treiber. Du kannst |
19816 | 2095 die Treiber und Installationshinweise im |
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2096 <ulink url="http://dxr2.sf.net/">DXR2 Resource Center</ulink> finden. |
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2097 </para> |
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|
2098 |
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2099 <variablelist> |
24618 | 2100 <title>GEBRAUCH</title> |
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2101 <varlistentry> |
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2102 <term><option>-vo dxr2</option></term> |
18649 | 2103 <listitem><para>Aktiviere TV-Ausgabe.</para></listitem> |
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2104 </varlistentry> |
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2105 |
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2106 <varlistentry> |
18649 | 2107 <term><option>-vo dxr2:x11</option> oder <option>-vo dxr2:xv</option></term> |
2108 <listitem><para>Aktiviere Overlay-Ausgabe unter X11.</para></listitem> | |
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2109 </varlistentry> |
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|
2110 |
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2111 <varlistentry> |
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2112 <term><option>-dxr2 <option1:option2:...></option></term> |
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2113 <listitem><para>Diese Option wird zur Kontrolle des DXR2-Treiber verwendet.</para></listitem> |
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2114 </varlistentry> |
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2115 </variablelist> |
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2116 |
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2117 <para> |
20515 | 2118 Der auf DXR2 genutzte Overlay-Chipset ist von sehr schlechter Qualität, |
18649 | 2119 die Standardeinstellungen sollten aber bei jedem funktionieren. |
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2120 Das OSD kann eventuell mit Overlay genutzt werden (nicht bei TV), |
18649 | 2121 indem es im colorkey eingetragen wird. Mit den Standardeinstellungen des |
20515 | 2122 colorkey bekommst du evtl. unterschiedliche Ergebnisse, gewöhnlich wirst du den |
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2123 colorkey rund um die Zeichen sehen oder einige anderen lustigen Effekte. |
18649 | 2124 Aber wenn du die colorkey-Einstellungen korrekt anpasst, solltest du in der |
19816 | 2125 Lage sein, akzeptable Resultate zu erzielen. |
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2126 </para> |
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2127 |
20515 | 2128 <para>Lies bitte in der Manpage über die vorhandenen Optionen.</para> |
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2129 </sect2> |
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2130 |
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2131 <sect2 id="dxr3"> |
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2132 <title>DXR3/Hollywood+</title> |
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2133 <para> |
20515 | 2134 <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt die hardwarebeschleunigte |
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2135 Wiedergabe mit den Karten Creative DXR3 und Sigma Designs Hollywood Plus. |
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2136 Beide Karten basieren auf dem em8300-MPEG-Decoderchip von Sigma Designs. |
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2137 </para> |
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2138 |
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2139 <para> |
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2140 Als erstes brauchst du korrekt installierte DXR3/H+-Treiber, Version |
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2141 0.12.0 oder neuer. Diese Treiber und weitere Installationsanweisungen findest |
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2142 du auf der Seite |
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2143 <ulink url="http://dxr3.sf.net/">DXR3 & Hollywood Plus for Linux</ulink>. |
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2144 <filename>configure</filename> sollte die Karte automatisch |
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2145 finden. Die Compilierung sollte auch problemlos funktionieren. |
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2146 </para> |
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2147 |
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2148 <!-- FIXME: find a more clear presentation --> |
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2149 <variablelist> |
24618 | 2150 <title>GEBRAUCH</title> |
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2151 <varlistentry> |
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2152 <term><option>-vo dxr3:prebuf:sync:norm=x:<replaceable>device</replaceable></option></term> |
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2153 <listitem> |
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2154 <para> |
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2155 <option>overlay</option> aktiviert das Overlay anstelle des TV-Ausgangs. |
20515 | 2156 Dafür brauchst du ein korrekt konfiguriertes Overlaysetup. Am einfachsten |
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2157 konfigurierst du das Overlay mit dem Tool <filename>autocal</filename>. |
18649 | 2158 Starte danach <application>MPlayer</application> mit dxr3-Ausgabe und |
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2159 ohne Overlay anzuschalten. Starte <filename>dxr3view</filename>. Mit dxr3view |
20515 | 2160 kannst du die Overlay-Einstellungen verändern und siehst die |
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2161 Auswirkungen sofort. Eventuell wird dieses Feature irgendwann vom |
20515 | 2162 <application>MPlayer</application>-GUI unterstützt. Wenn du das Overlay richtig |
19816 | 2163 eingestellt hast, brauchst du dxr3view nicht mehr laufen zu lassen. |
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2164 </para> |
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2165 <para> |
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2166 <option>prebuf</option> schaltet Prebuffering ein. Das ist ein Feature des |
20515 | 2167 em8300-Chips, das es ihm ermöglicht, mehr als nur ein Bild |
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2168 gleichzeitig zu speichern. Das bedeutet, dass <application>MPlayer</application> |
20515 | 2169 in diesem Modus versucht, den Puffer ständig mit Daten gefüllt zu halten. |
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2170 Wenn du einen langsamen Rechner hast, dann wird <application>MPlayer</application> |
20515 | 2171 wahrscheinlich die meiste Zeit über knapp oder genau 100% der CPU-Zeit belegen. |
20923 | 2172 Das ist vor allem dann der Fall, wenn du echte MPEG-Streams (z.B. DVDs, SVCDs etc.) |
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2173 abspielst, da <application>MPlayer</application> nicht nach MPEG encodieren muss |
20515 | 2174 und den Puffer sehr schnell wird füllen können. |
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2175 </para> |
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2176 <para> |
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2177 Mit Prebuffering ist die Videowiedergabe <emphasis role="bold">viel</emphasis> |
20515 | 2178 weniger anfällig gegenüber anderen CPU-intensiven Programmen. Frames |
2179 werden nur dann verworfen, wenn eine andere Anwendung für eine | |
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2180 sehr lange Zeit die CPU belegt. |
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2181 </para> |
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2182 <para> |
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2183 Wenn kein Prebuffering verwendet wird, dann ist der em8300 viel |
20515 | 2184 anfälliger gegenüber CPU-Last. Somit wird dringend empfohlen, |
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2185 MPlayers <option>-framedrop</option>-Option zu verwenden, um die A/V-Sync |
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2186 zu erhalten. |
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2187 </para> |
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2188 <para> |
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2189 <option>sync</option> aktiviert die neue sync-Methode. Dieses Feature ist |
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2190 momentan noch experimentell. Bei dieser Methode beobachtet MPlayer |
20515 | 2191 ständig die interne Uhr des em8300-Chips. Weicht diese von |
2192 MPlayers Uhr ab, so wird die des em8300-Chips zurückgesetzt, | |
2193 sodass dieser alle Frames verwirft, die hinterherhängen. | |
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2194 </para> |
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2195 <para> |
20515 | 2196 <option>norm=x</option> setzt den TV-Standard der DXR3-Karte, ohne dafür |
2197 externe Programme wie em8300setup zu benötigen. | |
2198 Gültige Werte sind 5 = NTSC, 4 = PAL-60, 3 = PAL. Spezielle Standards | |
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2199 sind 2 (automatische Erkennung mit PAL/PAL-60) und 1 (automatische |
20515 | 2200 Erkennung für PAL/NTSC), da sie den Standard in Abhängigkeit |
2201 der FPS des Films setzen. norm = 0 (Standard) ändert | |
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2202 den momentan eingestellten TV-Standard nicht. |
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2203 </para> |
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2204 <para> |
20515 | 2205 <option><replaceable>device</replaceable></option> = Gerätenummer wählt die zu |
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2206 verwendene em8300-Karte, falls du mehrere davon hast. |
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2207 </para> |
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2208 <para> |
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2209 Jede dieser Optionen kann auch weggelassen werden. |
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2210 </para> |
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2211 <para> |
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2212 <option>:prebuf:sync</option> scheint sehr gut zu funktionieren, wenn du DivX |
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2213 abspielst. Es gab Berichte von Leuten, die Probleme mit <option>prebuf</option> |
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2214 bei der Wiedergabe von MPEG1/2-Dateien hatten. Du |
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2215 solltest es also zuerst ohne Optionen probieren. Wenn du Sync-Probleme |
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2216 hast, dann probier <option>:sync</option> aus. |
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2217 </para></listitem> |
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2218 </varlistentry> |
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2219 |
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2220 <varlistentry> |
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2221 <term><option>-ao oss:/dev/em8300_ma-<replaceable>X</replaceable></option></term> |
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2222 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 2223 Audioausgabe, wobei <replaceable>X</replaceable> die Gerätenummer ist |
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2224 (0 bei nur einer Karte). |
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2225 </para></listitem> |
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2226 </varlistentry> |
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2227 |
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2228 <varlistentry> |
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2229 <term><option>-af resample=<replaceable>xxxxx</replaceable></option></term> |
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2230 <listitem><para> |
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2231 Der em8300 kann keine Sampleraten niedriger als 44100Hz abspielen. |
20515 | 2232 Wenn die Samplerate weniger als 44100Hz beträgt, dann wähle |
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2233 44100Hz oder 48000Hz, je nachdem, welche davon besser passt. Beispiel: |
20515 | 2234 Wenn der Film 22050Hz benutzt, dann wähle 44100Hz, da 44100 / 2 = |
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2235 22050 ist. Bei 24000Hz nimmst du 48000Hz etc. Das funktioniert nicht mit |
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2236 der digitalen Audioausgabe (<option>-ac hwac3</option>). |
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2237 </para></listitem> |
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2238 </varlistentry> |
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2239 |
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2240 <varlistentry> |
20799 | 2241 <term><option>-vf lavc</option></term> |
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2242 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 2243 Wenn du Nicht-MPEG-Filme mit dem em8300 ansehen möchtest (z.B. |
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2244 DivX oder RealVideo), dann musst du einen MPEG1-Videofilter wie |
20799 | 2245 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> (lavc) verwenden. |
2246 Momentan gibt es keine | |
20515 | 2247 Möglichkeit, die Anzahl der Bilder pro Sekunde des em8300 zu setzen, |
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2248 was bedeutet, dass sie fest bei 29.97 liegt. Aus diesem Grund solltest du |
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2249 <option>-vf lavc=<replaceable>quality</replaceable>:25</option> verwenden, |
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2250 besonders dann, wenn du auch Prebuffering verwendest. Warum aber 25 |
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2251 und nicht 29.97? Tja, die Sache ist, dass das Bild bei 29.97 unruhig |
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2252 wird. Wir wissen leider nicht, warum das so ist. Wenn du Werte zwischen |
20515 | 2253 25 und 27 benutzt, dann wird das Bild stabil. Momentan können wir das |
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2254 nur als gegeben hinnehmen. |
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2255 </para></listitem> |
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2256 </varlistentry> |
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2257 |
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2258 <varlistentry> |
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2259 <term><option>-vf expand=-1:-1:-1:-1:1</option></term> |
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2260 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 2261 Obwohl der DXR3-Treiber ein OSD über das MPEG1-/2-/4-Video |
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2262 projezieren kann, ist es qualitativ deutlich schlechter als |
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2263 <application>MPlayer</application>s traditionelles OSD, und es hat |
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2264 diverse Probleme mit der Erneuerung der Anzeige. Der oben angegebene |
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2265 Befehl konvertiert das Video erst nach MPEG4 (das ist leider |
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2266 erforderlich) und wendet dann den expand-Filter an, der zwar das |
20515 | 2267 Bild nicht vergrößert (-1: = Standardwerte) aber dafür das normale |
24610
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2268 OSD auf das Bild stanzt (die "1" am Ende). |
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2269 </para></listitem> |
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2270 </varlistentry> |
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2271 |
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2272 <varlistentry> |
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2273 <term><option>-ac hwac3</option></term> |
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2274 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 2275 Der em8300 unterstützt die Audiowiedergabe von AC3-Streams |
2276 (Surroundsound) über den digitalen Ausgang der Karte. Schau oben bei | |
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2277 der Option <option>-ao oss</option> nach. Sie muss angegeben werden, um den |
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2278 DXR3-Ausgang anstelle der Soundkarte anzugeben. |
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2279 </para></listitem> |
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2280 </varlistentry> |
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2281 </variablelist> |
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2282 </sect2> |
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2283 |
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2284 </sect1> |
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2285 |
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2286 <sect1 id="other"> |
18649 | 2287 <title>Andere Visualisierungshardware</title> |
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2288 |
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2289 <sect2 id="zr"> |
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2290 <title>Zr</title> |
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2291 |
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2292 <para> |
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2293 Dieser Treiber ist ein Anzeigetreiber (<option>-vo zr</option>), der |
20515 | 2294 verschiedeene MJPEG-Aufnahme-/-Wiedergabekarten unterstützt. Getestet |
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2295 wurde er mit DC10+ und Buz, und er sollte auch mit der LML33 und der |
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2296 Original-DC10 funktionieren. Dieser Treiber encodiert jedes Bild nach JPEG |
20515 | 2297 und schickt es dann an die Karte. Für die Encodierung wird |
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2298 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> benutzt und |
20515 | 2299 dementsprechend auch benötigt. Mit dem speziellen |
2300 <emphasis>cinemara</emphasis>-Modus kannst du Filme auch tatsächlich im | |
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2301 Breitbildformat anschauen, wenn du zwei Beamer und zwei MJPEG-Karten hast. |
20515 | 2302 Abhängig von der Qualität und Auflösung braucht dieser Treiber |
18649 | 2303 eine Menge CPU-Power. Benutze also besser die Option <option>-framedrop</option>, |
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2304 wenn deine Maschine zu langsam ist. Anmerkung: Mein AMD K6-2 350MHz ist |
20515 | 2305 durchaus in der Lage, Filme in VCD-Größe mit <option>-framedrop</option> |
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2306 wiederzugeben. |
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2307 </para> |
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2308 |
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2309 <para> |
18649 | 2310 Dieser Treiber benutzt den Kerneltreiber, den du auf |
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2311 <ulink url="http://mjpeg.sf.net"/> |
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2312 herunterladen kannst. Dieser muss also vorher schon funktionieren. |
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2313 <filename>configure</filename> erkennt automatisch vorhandene MJPEG-Karten. Wenn |
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2314 nicht, dann erzwinge zr mit |
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2315 <screen>./configure --enable-zr</screen> |
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2316 </para> |
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2317 <para> |
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2318 Die Ausgabe kann mit diversen Optionen gesteuert werden. Eine |
20515 | 2319 vollständige Liste findest du in der Manpage. Eine kurze Auflistung gibt |
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2320 dir auch |
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2321 <screen>mplayer -zrhelp</screen> |
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2322 </para> |
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2323 |
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2324 <para> |
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2325 Sachen wie das OSD und Skalierung werden nicht von diesem Treiber |
20515 | 2326 erledigt, aber sie können natürlich durch Filter realisiert werden. |
2327 Beispiel: Angenommen, du hast einen Film mit einer Auflösung von | |
2328 512x272, und du möchtest ihn im Vollbild auf deiner DC10+ | |
2329 anschauen. Du hast dann drei Möglichkeiten: den Film auf eine Breite von | |
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2330 768, 384 oder 192 zu skalieren. Aus |
20515 | 2331 Geschwindigkeits- und Qualitätsgründen würde ich empfehlen, |
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2332 den Film auf 384x204 mit dem bilinearen Algorithmus zu |
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2333 skalieren. Die Kommandozeile sieht dazu wie folgt aus: |
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2334 <screen> |
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2335 mplayer -vo zr -sws 0 -vf scale=384:204 <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> |
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2336 </screen> |
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2337 </para> |
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2338 |
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2339 <para> |
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2340 Das Beschneiden des Bildes kann mit dem <option>crop</option>-Filter geschehen |
19816 | 2341 oder vom Treiber selbst vorgenommen werden. Angenommen, der Film ist zu breit |
20515 | 2342 für die Anzeige deiner Buz, und du möchtest <option>-zrcrop</option> |
19816 | 2343 benutzen, um den Film schmaler zu machen. Dann verwendest du folgendes |
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2344 Kommando: |
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2345 <screen> |
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2346 mplayer -vo zr -zrcrop 720x320+80+0 <replaceable>benhur.avi</replaceable> |
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2347 </screen> |
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2348 </para> |
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2349 |
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2350 <para> |
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2351 Mit dem <option>crop</option>-Filter sieht es so aus: |
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2352 <screen> |
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2353 mplayer -vo zr -vf crop=720:320:80:0 <replaceable>benhur.avi</replaceable> |
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2354 </screen> |
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2355 </para> |
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2356 |
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2357 <para> |
19816 | 2358 Mehrfache Anwendung von <option>-zrcrop</option> aktiviert den |
20515 | 2359 <emphasis>cinerama</emphasis>-Modus. Das heißt, du kannst das Bild über |
2360 mehrere Fernseher oder Beamer verteilen, um eine größere | |
2361 Anzeigefläche zu erreichen. Angenommen, du hast zwei Beamer. Der linke | |
2362 hängt an deiner Buz an <filename>/dev/video1</filename>, und der rechte | |
2363 hängt an deiner DC10+ an <filename>/dev/video0</filename>. Der Film hat eine | |
2364 Auflösung von 704x288. Nehmen wir weiter an, dass du den | |
2365 rechten Beamer schwarz/weiß betreiben möchtest, und dass du auf | |
2366 dem linken Beamer Bilder mit der Qualitätsstufe 10 haben | |
2367 möchtest. Dann benutzt du dafür das folgende Kommando: | |
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2368 <screen> |
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2369 mplayer -vo zr -zrdev /dev/video0 -zrcrop 352x288+352+0 -zrxdoff 0 -zrbw \ |
30990 | 2370 -zrcrop 352x288+0+0 -zrdev /dev/video1 -zrquality 10 \ |
2371 <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> | |
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2372 </screen> |
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2373 </para> |
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2374 |
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2375 <para> |
18649 | 2376 Wie du siehst, gelten die Optionen vor dem zweiten <option>-zrcrop</option> nur |
20515 | 2377 für die DC10+ und die Optionen nach dem zweiten <option>-zrcrop</option> nur |
2378 für die Buz. Die maximale Anzahl an MJPEG-Karten, die am | |
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2379 <emphasis>cinerama</emphasis>-Modus teilnehmen, liegt bei vier, sodass du dir |
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2380 eine 2x2-Videowand basteln kannst. |
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2381 </para> |
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2382 |
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2383 <para> |
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2384 Zuletzt ein wirklich wichtiger Hinweis: Starte oder beende auf keinen Fall |
20515 | 2385 XawTV während der Wiedergabe, da das deinen Computer zum Absturz bringen |
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2386 wird. Du kannst aber problemlos <emphasis role="bold">ZUERST</emphasis> XawTV, |
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2387 <emphasis role="bold">DANN</emphasis> <application>MPlayer</application> |
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2388 starten, warten, bis <application>MPlayer</application> fertig ist |
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2389 und <emphasis role="bold">ZULETZT</emphasis> XawTV beenden. |
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2390 </para> |
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2391 </sect2> |
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2392 |
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2393 <sect2 id="blinkenlights"> |
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2394 <title>Blinkenlights</title> |
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2395 <para> |
18649 | 2396 Dieser Treiber kann Video mit dem Blinkenlights UDP-Protokoll wiedergeben. |
20515 | 2397 Wenn du nicht weißt, was |
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2398 <ulink url="http://www.blinkenlights.de/">Blinkenlights</ulink> |
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2399 oder dessen Nachfolger <ulink url="http://www.blinkenlights.de/arcade/">Arcade</ulink> |
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2400 ist, finde es heraus. |
20515 | 2401 Obwohl dies höchstwahrscheinlich der am wenigsten genutzte Videoausgabetreiber ist, |
18649 | 2402 den <application>MPlayer</application> zu bieten hat, so ist er ohne Zweifel der coolste. |
2403 Schau dir einfach ein paar von den | |
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2404 <ulink url="http://www.blinkenlights.de/video.en.html">Blinkenlights-Dokumentationsvideos</ulink> |
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2405 an. |
18649 | 2406 Auf dem Arcade-Video siehst du Blinkenlights-Ausgabetreiber um 00:07:50 in Aktion. |
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2407 </para> |
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2408 </sect2> |
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2409 </sect1> |
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2410 |
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2411 <sect1 id="tvout"> |
20515 | 2412 <title>Unterstützung für die TV-Ausgabe</title> |
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2413 |
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2414 <sect2 id="tvout-mga-g400"> |
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2415 <title>Matrox G400-Karten</title> |
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2416 |
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2417 <para> |
20515 | 2418 Unter Linux hast du zwei Möglichkeiten, den TV-Ausgang deiner |
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2419 G400 anzuschalten: |
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2420 </para> |
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2421 |
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2422 <important> |
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2423 <para> |
20515 | 2424 Anweisungen für die Matrox G450/G550 und deren TV-Ausgänge findest |
2425 du im nächsten Abschnitt! | |
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|
2426 </para> |
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|
2427 </important> |
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|
2428 |
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parents:
diff
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|
2429 <variablelist> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2430 <varlistentry> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2431 <term>XFree86</term> |
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parents:
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|
2432 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 2433 Mit dem alten Treiber und dem HAL-Modul, welches es |
19816 | 2434 auf der <ulink url="http://www.matrox.com">Matrox-Seite</ulink> gibt. Damit |
18568
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|
2435 bekommst du X auf dem Fernseher, aber <emphasis role="bold">keine |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2436 Hardwarebeschleunigung</emphasis> wie unter Windows! |
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parents:
diff
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|
2437 </para> |
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diff
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|
2438 <para> |
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|
2439 Der zweite Ausgang besitzt nur einen YUV-Framebuffer. |
18649 | 2440 Der <emphasis>BES</emphasis> (Back End Scaler, die YUV-Skalierungseinheit des |
18568
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|
2441 G200/G400/G450/G550) funktioniert mit ihm nicht! Der Windows-Treiber |
80628a6d0980
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|
2442 umgeht das irgendwie, wahrscheinlich dadurch, dass er die 3D-Engine |
20515 | 2443 für die Skalierung und den YUV-Framebuffer zur Anzeige des |
18568
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|
2444 skalierten Bildes verwendet. Wenn du unbedingt X benutzen willst, dann |
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kraymer
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|
2445 probier <option>-vo x11 -fs -zoom</option>, aber das wird |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2446 <emphasis role="bold">LANGSAM</emphasis> sein |
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parents:
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|
2447 und den <emphasis role="bold">Macrovision</emphasis>-Kopierschutz |
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parents:
diff
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|
2448 aktiviert haben. (Du kannst Macrovision mit diesem |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
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|
2449 <ulink url="http://avifile.sf.net/mgamacro.pl">Perlscript</ulink> |
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|
2450 umgehen.) |
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|
2451 </para></listitem> |
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|
2452 </varlistentry> |
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|
2453 <varlistentry> |
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|
2454 <term>Framebuffer</term> |
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diff
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|
2455 <listitem><para> |
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|
2456 Mit den <emphasis role="bold">matroxfb-Modulen</emphasis> in den 2.4er |
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|
2457 Kerneln. 2.2er Kernel kennen den TV-Ausgang noch nicht und sind somit |
20515 | 2458 hierfür nicht geeignet. Du musst ALLE matroxfb-spezifischen Features |
18568
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|
2459 bei der Compilierung anschalten (bis auf MultiHead). Compiliere sie als |
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|
2460 <emphasis role="bold">Module</emphasis>! Du musst ebenfalls I2C anschalten. |
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|
2461 </para> |
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|
2462 |
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|
2463 <procedure> |
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|
2464 <step><para> |
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|
2465 Gehe nach <filename class="directory">TVout</filename> und gib |
80628a6d0980
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|
2466 <command>./compile.sh</command> ein. Installiere |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
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|
2467 <filename>TVout/matroxset/matroxset</filename> in ein Verzeichnis, das |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
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|
2468 in deinem <envar>PATH</envar> liegt. |
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|
2469 </para></step> |
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diff
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|
2470 <step><para> |
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|
2471 Wenn du <command>fbset</command> nicht installiert hast, installiere |
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|
2472 <filename>TVout/fbset/fbset</filename> in ein Verzeichnis, das in |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2473 deinem <envar>PATH</envar> liegt. |
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diff
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|
2474 </para></step> |
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diff
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|
2475 <step><para> |
80628a6d0980
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|
2476 Wenn du <command>con2fb</command> nicht installiert hast, installiere |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2477 <filename>TVout/con2fb/con2fb</filename> in ein Verzeichnis, das in |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2478 deinem <envar>PATH</envar> liegt. |
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diff
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|
2479 </para></step> |
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diff
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|
2480 <step><para> |
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|
2481 Geh jetzt in das Verzeichnis <filename class="directory">TVout/</filename> |
20515 | 2482 in den <application>MPlayer</application>-Quellen und führe dort |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2483 <filename>./modules</filename> als <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2484 aus. Deine Textmodusconsole wird danach in den Framebuffermodus umschalten, |
20515 | 2485 aus dem es keinen Weg zurück gibt! |
18568
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|
2486 </para></step> |
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|
2487 <step><para> |
20515 | 2488 Editiere als nächstes das Script <filename>./matroxtv</filename>. |
2489 Es wird dir ein simples Menü präsentieren. Drücke | |
18568
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|
2490 <keycap>2</keycap> gefolgt von <keycap>ENTER</keycap>. Jetzt solltest |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
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|
2491 du auf dem Fernseher das gleiche Bild wie auf dem Monitor sehen. |
20515 | 2492 Wenn das TV-Bild (PAL ist die Standardeinstellung) merkwürdige Streifen |
2493 enthält, dann war das Script nicht in der Lage, die Auflösung richtig zu | |
2494 setzen (per Voreinstellung 640x512). Probiere andere im Menü | |
2495 angebotene Auflösungen aus und/oder experimentiere mit fbset. | |
18568
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|
2496 </para></step> |
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|
2497 <step><para> |
20515 | 2498 So. Die nächste Aufgabe ist es, den Cursor auf tty1 (oder |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
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|
2499 woauchimmer) verschwinden zu lassen, und den Bildschirmschoner |
20515 | 2500 auszuschalten. Führ folgende Kommandos aus: |
18568
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diff
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|
2501 |
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diff
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|
2502 <screen> |
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kraymer
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diff
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|
2503 echo -e '\033[?25l' |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2504 setterm -blank 0<!-- |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2505 --></screen> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2506 oder |
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parents:
diff
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|
2507 <screen> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2508 setterm -cursor off |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2509 setterm -blank 0<!-- |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2510 --></screen> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2511 |
20515 | 2512 Wahrscheinlich möchtest du das in ein Script packen und dabei |
2513 gleich den Bildschirm löschen. Um den Cursor wieder | |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2514 anzuschalten: |
18649 | 2515 <screen>echo -e '\033[?25h'</screen> oder |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2516 <screen>setterm -cursor on</screen> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2517 </para></step> |
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diff
changeset
|
2518 <step><para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2519 Yeah kewl. Starte die Wiedergabe mit |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2520 <screen> |
18649 | 2521 mplayer -vo mga -fs -screenw 640 -screenh 512 <replaceable>Dateiname</replaceable><!-- |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2522 --></screen> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2523 |
18649 | 2524 (Wenn du X benutzt, dann wechsle jetzt auf den matroxfb mit z.B. |
24611 | 2525 <keycombo><keycap>STRG</keycap><keycap>ALT</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>!) |
20515 | 2526 Ändere die <literal>640</literal> und <literal>512</literal>, wenn |
2527 du eine andere Auflösung verwendest. | |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2528 </para></step> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2529 <step><para> |
20515 | 2530 <emphasis role="bold">Genieße die ultra-schnelle und featurereiche Wiedergabe |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2531 mit dem Matrox-TV-Ausgang (sogar noch besser als Xv)!</emphasis> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2532 </para></step> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2533 </procedure> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2534 </listitem> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2535 </varlistentry> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2536 </variablelist> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2537 |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2538 <formalpara> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2539 <title>Matrox-TV-Ausgangskabel im Eigenbau</title> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2540 <para> |
20515 | 2541 Niemand übernimmt Verantwortung für irgendetwas oder jegliche |
2542 Schäden, die durch diese Dokumentation entstehen. | |
18568
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diff
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|
2543 </para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2544 </formalpara> |
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diff
changeset
|
2545 |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2546 <formalpara> |
20515 | 2547 <title>Kabel für die G400</title> |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2548 <para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2549 Der vierte Pin des CRTC2-Steckers liefert das Composite Video-Signal. |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2550 Erde liegt am sechsten, siebten und achten Pin. |
20515 | 2551 (Informationen von Balázs Rácz) |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2552 </para> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2553 </formalpara> |
80628a6d0980
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diff
changeset
|
2554 |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2555 <formalpara> |
20515 | 2556 <title>Kabel für die G450</title> |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2557 <para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2558 Der erste Pin des CRTC2-Steckers liefert |
20515 | 2559 das Composite Video-Signal. Erde liegt am fünften, sechsten, siebten und |
2560 fünfzehnten (5, 6, 7, 15) Pin. (Information von Balázs Kerekes) | |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2561 </para> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2562 </formalpara> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2563 </sect2> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2564 |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2565 <sect2 id="tv-out_matrox_g450"> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2566 <title>Matrox G450/G550-Karten</title> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2567 <para> |
20515 | 2568 Unterstützung für den TV-Ausgang dieser Karten wurde erst |
2569 kürzlich implementiert und ist noch nicht in den Standardkerneln | |
18568
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2570 enthalten. Momentan kann das <emphasis role="bold">mga_vid</emphasis>-Modul |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2571 nicht benutzt werden, wenn ich recht informiert bin, da der G450/G550-Treiber |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2572 nur in einer Konfiguration arbeitet: Der erste CRTC-Chip (mit den vielen |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2573 Features) am ersten Display (meistens der Monitor), und der zweite CRTC |
20515 | 2574 (kein <emphasis role="bold">BES</emphasis> - Erläuterungen zum BES gibts |
18568
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2575 in der G400-Sektion oben) am Fernseher. |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2576 Somit kannst du momentan nur den <emphasis>fbdev</emphasis>-Ausgabetreiber von |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2577 <application>MPlayer</application> benutzen. |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2578 </para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2579 |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2580 <para> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2581 Der erste CRTC kann momentan nicht an den zweiten Ausgang umgeleitet |
80628a6d0980
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|
2582 werden. Der Author des matroxfb-Kernelmoduls, Petr Vandrovec, wird auch das |
20515 | 2583 irgendwann unterstützen, indem die Ausgabe des ersten CRTC auf beiden |
2584 Ausgängen angezeigt wird, wie es momentan auch für die G400 | |
18568
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|
2585 empfohlen wird (siehe oben). |
80628a6d0980
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|
2586 </para> |
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parents:
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|
2587 |
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|
2588 <para> |
20515 | 2589 Der dafür benötigte Kernelpatch und eine detaillierte Anleitung |
18568
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|
2590 kann auf <ulink url="http://www.bglug.ca/matrox_tvout/"/> gefunden werden. |
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|
2591 </para> |
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|
2592 </sect2> |
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|
2593 |
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|
2594 |
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|
2595 <sect2 id="tvout-ati"> |
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|
2596 <title>ATI-Karten</title> |
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|
2597 |
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|
2598 <formalpara> |
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|
2599 <title>EINLEITUNG</title> |
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parents:
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|
2600 <para> |
20515 | 2601 Momentan möchte ATI keinen einzigen ihrer TV-Ausgabe-Chips unter |
2602 Linux unterstützen, da sie die Macrovision-Technologie lizensiert | |
18568
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|
2603 haben. |
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parents:
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|
2604 </para> |
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|
2605 </formalpara> |
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|
2606 |
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|
2607 <itemizedlist> |
20515 | 2608 <title>STATUS DER ATI-TV-AUSGABEUNTERSTÜTZUNG UNTER LINUX</title> |
21725
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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|
2609 <listitem><para> |
18568
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|
2610 <emphasis role="bold">ATI Mach64</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2611 Von <ulink url="http://gatos.sf.net">GATOS</ulink> unterstützt. |
21725
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|
2612 </para></listitem> |
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diff
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|
2613 <listitem><para> |
18568
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|
2614 <emphasis role="bold">ASIC Radeon VIVO</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2615 Von <ulink url="http://gatos.sf.net">GATOS</ulink> unterstützt. |
21725
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|
2616 </para></listitem> |
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diff
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|
2617 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 2618 <emphasis role="bold">Radeon</emphasis> und <emphasis role="bold">Rage128</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2619 Von <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt! |
18568
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|
2620 Lies die <link linkend="vesa">VESA-Treiber-</link> und |
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|
2621 <link linkend="vidix">VIDIX</link>-Sektionen. |
21725
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|
2622 </para></listitem> |
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diff
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|
2623 <listitem><para> |
18568
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|
2624 <emphasis role="bold">Rage Mobility P/M, Radeon, Rage 128, Mobility M3/M4</emphasis>: |
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|
2625 Von <ulink url="http://www.stud.uni-hamburg.de/users/lennart/projects/atitvout/">atitvout</ulink> |
20515 | 2626 unterstützt. |
21725
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|
2627 </para></listitem> |
18568
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|
2628 </itemizedlist> |
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|
2629 |
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|
2630 <para> |
19816 | 2631 Verwende bei anderen Karten einfach den |
18568
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parents:
diff
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|
2632 <link linkend="vesa">VESA-Treiber</link> |
20515 | 2633 ohne VIDIX. Dafür brauchst du aber eine schnelle CPU. |
18568
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|
2634 </para> |
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parents:
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|
2635 |
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|
2636 <para> |
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|
2637 Nur eines musst du tun - <emphasis role="bold">das TV-Kabel vor dem Booten |
20515 | 2638 eingesteckt haben</emphasis>, da das BIOS sich nur einmal während der |
18568
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parents:
diff
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|
2639 POST-Prozedur initialisiert. |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2640 </para> |
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|
2641 </sect2> |
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|
2642 |
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|
2643 |
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|
2644 <sect2 id="tvout-nvidia"> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2645 <title>nVidia</title> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2646 <para> |
22293 | 2647 Zuerst musst du die Closed-Source-Treiber von <ulink url="http://nvidia.com"/> |
18568
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kraymer
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diff
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|
2648 herunterladen. Ich werde Installation und Konfiguration nicht im Detail |
20515 | 2649 beschreiben, da dies außerhalb der Aufgabe dieses Dokuments liegt. |
18568
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|
2650 </para> |
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|
2651 |
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parents:
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|
2652 <para> |
19816 | 2653 Nachdem du sichergestellt hast, dass XFree86, XVideo und die |
20515 | 2654 3D-Beschleunigung funktionieren, ändere die <filename>XF86Config</filename>, |
18568
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2655 und passe das folgende Beispiel deiner Karte an: |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2656 |
80628a6d0980
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diff
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|
2657 <programlisting> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2658 Section "Device" |
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diff
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|
2659 Identifier "GeForce" |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2660 VendorName "ASUS" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2661 BoardName "nVidia GeForce2/MX 400" |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2662 Driver "nvidia" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2663 #Option "NvAGP" "1" |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2664 Option "NoLogo" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2665 Option "CursorShadow" "on" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2666 |
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diff
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|
2667 Option "TwinView" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2668 Option "TwinViewOrientation" "Clone" |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2669 Option "MetaModes" "1024x768,640x480" |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2670 Option "ConnectedMonitor" "CRT, TV" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2671 Option "TVStandard" "PAL-B" |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2672 Option "TVOutFormat" "Composite" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2673 EndSection |
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diff
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|
2674 </programlisting> |
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|
2675 </para> |
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changeset
|
2676 |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2677 <para> |
20515 | 2678 Natürlich besteht der wichtige Teil aus den TwinView-Optionen. |
18568
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diff
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|
2679 </para> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2680 </sect2> |
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diff
changeset
|
2681 |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2682 <sect2 id="tvout-neomagic"> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2683 <title>NeoMagic</title> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2684 <para> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2685 Der NeoMagic-Chip befindet sich auf zahlreichen Laptops, einige von ihnen |
80628a6d0980
initial import of some missing German xml translation, review(s) pending
kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2686 sind mit einen einfachen analogen TV-Encoder ausgestattet, einige besitzen |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2687 einen fortschrittlicheren. |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2688 <itemizedlist> |
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diff
changeset
|
2689 <listitem><para> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2690 <emphasis role="bold">Analoger Encoder-Chip</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2691 Es wurde berichtet, dass ein zuverlässiger TV-Ausgang mittels |
18568
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kraymer
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diff
changeset
|
2692 <option>-vo fbdev</option> oder <option>-vo fbdev2</option> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2693 erreicht werden kann. |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2694 Du musst vesafb in deinen Kernel compiliert haben und der |
20515 | 2695 Kernel-Befehlszeile folgende Parameter übergeben: |
24610
94e084f0e8ea
r21612: replace " with ", better readability
kraymer
parents:
24608
diff
changeset
|
2696 <option>append="video=vesafb:ywrap,mtrr" vga=791</option>. |
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kraymer
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diff
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|
2697 Du solltest <application>X</application> starten, dann in den |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2698 Consolen-Modus z.B. mit |
24611 | 2699 <keycombo><keycap>STRG</keycap><keycap>ALT</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo> wechseln. |
18649 | 2700 Misslingt der Start von <application>X</application> vor dem von |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2701 <application>MPlayer</application> in der Console, wird das Video |
20515 | 2702 langsam und abgehackt (Erklärungen sind willkommen). |
19816 | 2703 Logge dich auf deiner Konsole ein und initialisiere dann folgenden Befehl: |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2704 |
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diff
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|
2705 <screen>clear; mplayer -vo fbdev -zoom -cache 8192 dvd://</screen> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2706 |
18649 | 2707 Jetzt solltest du den Film im Konsolen-Modus laufen sehen. |
20515 | 2708 Er wird etwa die Hälfte des LCD-Bildschirms deines Laptops ausfüllen. |
2709 Um auf TV zu wechseln, drücke dreimal | |
24611 | 2710 <keycombo><keycap>Fn</keycap><keycap>F5</keycap></keycombo>. |
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diff
changeset
|
2711 Getestet auf einem Tecra 8000, 2.6.15 Kernel mit vesafb, ALSA v1.0.10. |
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diff
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|
2712 </para></listitem> |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
changeset
|
2713 <listitem><para> |
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diff
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|
2714 <emphasis role="bold">Chrontel 70xx Encoder-Chip</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2715 Zu finden im IBM Thinkpad 390E und möglicherweise anderen Thinkpads oder |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2716 Notebooks. |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
changeset
|
2717 </para><para> |
20515 | 2718 Du musst <option>-vo vesa:neotv_pal</option> für PAL oder |
2719 <option>-vo vesa:neotv_ntsc</option> für NTSC verwenden. | |
18568
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kraymer
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diff
changeset
|
2720 Es wird eine TV-Output-Funktion in folgenden 16bpp und 8bpp-Modi |
20515 | 2721 zur Verfügung stellen: |
21725
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
changeset
|
2722 </para> |
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diff
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|
2723 <itemizedlist> |
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20923
diff
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|
2724 <listitem><para>NTSC 320x240, 640x480 und evtl. auch 800x600.</para></listitem> |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
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|
2725 <listitem><para>PAL 320x240, 400x300, 640x480, 800x600.</para></listitem> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2726 </itemizedlist> |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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parents:
20923
diff
changeset
|
2727 <para>Der Modus 512x384 wird im BIOS nicht unterstützt. Du musst das Bild |
20515 | 2728 auf eine andere Auflösung skalieren, um die TV-Ausgabe zu aktivieren. |
18568
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2729 Wenn du auf dem Schirm ein Bild in 640x480 oder in 800x600 siehst, jedoch nicht |
20515 | 2730 in 320x240 oder einer kleineren Auflösung, musst du zwei Tabellen in |
18568
80628a6d0980
initial import of some missing German xml translation, review(s) pending
kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2731 <filename>vbelib.c</filename> ersetzen. |
20515 | 2732 Siehe Funktion vbeSetTV für Details. Bitte kontaktiere in diesem Fall den Autor. |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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parents:
20923
diff
changeset
|
2733 </para> |
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2734 <para> |
18649 | 2735 Bekanntes Problem: Nur VESA, keine weiteren Schalter wie Helligkeit, Kontrast, |
18568
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2736 Blacklevel, Flimmerfilter sind implementiert. |
21725
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2737 </para> |
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2738 </listitem> |
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|
2739 </itemizedlist> |
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|
2740 </para> |
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|
2741 </sect2> |
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|
2742 </sect1> |
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2743 |
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2744 </chapter> |